teradataml 17.20.0.6__py3-none-any.whl → 20.0.0.0__py3-none-any.whl

teradataml/automl/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,1628 @@
+# ################################################################## 
+# 
+# Copyright 2024 Teradata. All rights reserved.
+# TERADATA CONFIDENTIAL AND TRADE SECRET
+# 
+# Primary Owner: Sweta Shaw
+# Email Id: Sweta.Shaw@Teradata.com
+# 
+# Secondary Owner: Akhil Bisht
+# Email Id: AKHIL.BISHT@Teradata.com
+# 
+# Version: 1.1
+# Function Version: 1.0
+# ##################################################################
+
+# Python libraries
+import json
+import numpy as np
+from sklearn.metrics import confusion_matrix
+import time
+
+# Teradata libraries
+from teradataml.dataframe.copy_to import copy_to_sql
+from teradataml import ColumnExpression
+from teradataml.dataframe.dataframe import DataFrame
+from teradataml.utils.validators import _Validators
+from teradataml import ROC
+from teradataml.common.utils import UtilFuncs
+from teradataml.utils.dtypes import _Dtypes
+from teradataml.common.utils import UtilFuncs
+from teradataml import TeradataMlException
+from teradataml.common.messages import Messages, MessageCodes
+
+# AutoML Internal libraries
+from teradataml.automl.data_preparation import _DataPreparation
+from teradataml.automl.feature_engineering import _FeatureEngineering
+from teradataml.automl.feature_exploration import _FeatureExplore, _is_terminal
+from teradataml.automl.model_evaluation import _ModelEvaluator
+from teradataml.automl.model_training import _ModelTraining
+from teradataml.automl.data_transformation import _DataTransformation
+from teradataml.automl.custom_json_utils import _GenerateCustomJson
+
+
+class AutoML:
+    
+    def __init__(self,
+                 task_type = "Default",
+                 include = None,
+                 exclude = None,
+                 verbose = 0,
+                 max_runtime_secs = None,
+                 stopping_metric = None, 
+                 stopping_tolerance = None,
+                 custom_config_file = None):
+        """
+        DESCRIPTION:
+            AutoML (Automated Machine Learning) is an approach that automates the process 
+            of building, training, and validating machine learning models. It involves 
+            various algorithms to automate various aspects of the machine learning workflow, 
+            such as data preparation, feature engineering, model selection, hyperparameter
+            tuning, and model deployment. It aims to simplify the process of building 
+            machine learning models, by automating some of the more time-consuming 
+            and labor-intensive tasks involved in the process.
+            
+            AutoML is designed to handle both regression and classification (binary and 
+            multiclass) tasks. User can specify the task type whether to apply
+            regression OR classification algorithm on the provided dataset. By default, AutoML 
+            decides the task type.
+            
+            AutoML by default, trains using all model algorithms applicable for the 
+            task type problem. For example, "glm" and "svm" does not support multi-class 
+            classification problem. Thus, only 3 models are available to train in case 
+            of multi-class classification problem, by default. While for regression and 
+            binary classification problem, all 5 models i.e., "glm", "svm", "knn", 
+            "decision_forest", "xgboost" are available to train by default.
+            
+            AutoML provides functionality to use specific model algorithms for training.
+            User can provide either include or exclude model. In case of include, 
+            only specified models are trained while for exclude, all models except 
+            specified model are trained.
+            
+            AutoML also provides an option to customize the processes within feature
+            engineering, data preparation and model training phases. User can customize
+            the processes by passing the JSON file path in case of custom run. It also 
+            supports early stopping of model training based on stopping metrics and
+            maximum running time.
+         
+        PARAMETERS:  
+            task_type:
+                Optional Arugment.
+                Specifies the task type for AutoML, whether to apply regression OR classification
+                on the provided dataset. If user wants AutoML to decide the task type automatically, 
+                then it should be set to "Default".
+                Default Value: "Default"
+                Permitted Values: "Regression", "Classification", "Default"
+                Types: str
+            
+            include:
+                Optional Argument.
+                Specifies the model algorithms to be used for model training phase.
+                By default, all 5 models are used for training for regression and binary
+                classification problem, while only 3 models are used for multi-class.
+                Permitted Values: "glm", "svm", "knn", "decision_forest", "xgboost"
+                Types: str OR list of str
+                    
+            
+            exclude:
+                Optional Argument.
+                Specifies the model algorithms to be excluded from model training phase.
+                No model is excluded by default. 
+                Permitted Values: "glm", "svm", "knn", "decision_forest", "xgboost"
+                Types: str OR list of str
+            
+            verbose:
+                Optional Argument.
+                Specifies the detailed execution steps based on verbose level.
+                Default Value: 0
+                Permitted Values: 
+                    * 0: prints the progress bar and leaderboard
+                    * 1: prints the execution steps of AutoML.
+                    * 2: prints the intermediate data between the execution of each step of AutoML.
+                Types: int
+                
+            max_runtime_secs:
+                Optional Arugment.
+                Specifies the time limit in seconds for model training.
+                Types: int
+                
+            stopping_metric:
+                Required, when "stopping_tolerance" is set, otherwise optional.
+                Specifies the stopping metrics for stopping tolerance in model training.
+                Permitted Values: 
+                    * For task_type "Regression": "R2", "MAE", "MSE", "MSLE", 
+                                                  "RMSE", "RMSLE"
+                    * For task_type "Classification": 'MICRO-F1','MACRO-F1',
+                                                      'MICRO-RECALL','MACRO-RECALL',
+                                                      'MICRO-PRECISION', 'MACRO-PRECISION',
+                                                      'WEIGHTED-PRECISION','WEIGHTED-RECALL',
+                                                      'WEIGHTED-F1', 'ACCURACY'
+                Types: str
+
+            stopping_tolerance:
+                Required, when "stopping_metric" is set, otherwise optional.
+                Specifies the stopping tolerance for stopping metrics in model training.
+                Types: float
+                
+            custom_config_file:
+                Optional Argument.
+                Specifies the path of JSON file in case of custom run.
+                Types: str
+                
+        RETURNS:
+            Instance of AutoML.
+    
+        RAISES:
+            TeradataMlException, TypeError, ValueError
+        
+        EXAMPLES:
+            # Notes:
+            #     1. Get the connection to Vantage to execute the function.
+            #     2. One must import the required functions mentioned in
+            #        the example from teradataml.
+            #     3. Function raises error if not supported on the Vantage
+            #        user is connected to.
+
+            # Load the example data.
+            >>> load_example_data("GLMPredict", ["admissions_test", "admissions_train"])
+            >>> load_example_data("decisionforestpredict", ["housing_train", "housing_test"])
+            >>> load_example_data("teradataml", "iris_input")
+    
+            # Create teradataml DataFrames.
+            >>> admissions_train = DataFrame.from_table("admissions_train")
+            >>> admissions_test = DataFrame.from_table("admissions_test")
+            >>> housing_train = DataFrame.from_table("housing_train")
+            >>> housing_test = DataFrame.from_table("housing_test")
+            >>> iris_input = DataFrame.from_table("iris_input")
+            
+            # Example 1: Run AutoML for classification problem.
+            # Scenario: Predict whether a student will be admitted to a university
+            #           based on different factors. Run AutoML to get the best 
+            #           performing model out of available models.
+           
+            # Create an instance of AutoML.
+            >>> automl_obj = AutoML(task_type="Classification")
+
+            # Fit the data.
+            >>> automl_obj.fit(admissions_train, "admitted")
+
+            # Run predict with best performing model.
+            >>> prediction = automl_obj.predict()
+            >>> prediction
+            
+            # Run predict for new test data with best performing model.
+            >>> prediction = automl_obj.predict(admissions_test)
+            >>> prediction
+            
+            # Run predict for new test data with second best performing model.
+            >>> prediction = automl_obj.predict(admissions_test, rank=2)
+            >>> prediction 
+
+            # Display leaderboard.
+            >>> automl_obj.leaderboard()
+
+            # Display best performing model.
+            >>> automl_obj.leader()
+
+            # Example 2 : Run AutoML for regression problem.
+            # Scenario : Predict the price of house based on different factors.
+            #            Run AutoML to get the best performing model using custom
+            #            configuration file to customize different processes of
+            #            AutoML Run. Use include to specify "xgbooost" and
+            #            "decision_forset" models to be used for training.  
+            
+            # Generate custom JSON file
+            >>> AutoML.generate_custom_config("custom_housing")           
+
+            # Create instance of AutoML.
+            >>> automl_obj = AutoML(task_type="Regression",
+            >>>                     verbose=1,
+            >>>                     include=["decision_forest", "xgboost"], 
+            >>>                     custom_config_file="custom_housing.json")
+            # Fit the data.
+            >>> automl_obj.fit(housing_train, "price")
+
+            # Run predict with best performing model.
+            >>> prediction = automl_obj.predict()
+            >>> prediction
+            
+            # Run predict for new test data with best performing model.
+            >>> prediction = automl_obj.predict(housing_test)
+            >>> prediction
+            
+            # Run predict for new test data with second best performing model.
+            >>> prediction = automl_obj.predict(housing_test, rank=2)
+            >>> prediction 
+
+            # Display leaderboard.
+            >>> automl_obj.leaderboard()
+  
+            # Display best performing model.
+            >>> automl_obj.leader()
+
+            # Example 3 : Run AutoML for multiclass classification problem.
+            # Scenario : Predict the species of iris flower based on different
+            #            factors. Use custom configuration file to customize 
+            #            different processes of AutoML Run to get the best
+            #            performing model out of available models.
+            
+            # Generate custom JSON file
+            >>> AutoML.generate_custom_config()
+
+            # Create instance of AutoML.
+            >>> automl_obj = AutoML(verbose=2, 
+            >>>                     exclude="xgboost",
+            >>>                     custom_config_file="custom.json")
+            # Fit the data.
+            >>> automl_obj.fit(iris_input, iris_input.species)
+ 
+            # Run predict with best performing model.
+            >>> prediction = automl_obj.predict()
+            >>> prediction
+
+            # Run predict with second best performing model.
+            >>> prediction = automl_obj.predict(rank=2)
+            >>> prediction
+
+            # Display leaderboard.
+            >>> automl_obj.leaderboard()
+ 
+            # Display best performing model.
+            >>> automl_obj.leader()
+ 
+            # Example 4 : Run AutoML for regression problem with early stopping metric and tolerance.
+            # Scenario : Predict the price of house based on different factors. 
+            #            Use custom configuration file to customize different 
+            #            processes of AutoML Run. Define performance threshold
+            #            to acquire for the available models, and terminate training 
+            #            upon meeting the stipulated performance criteria.
+            
+            # Generate custom JSON file
+            >>> AutoML.generate_custom_config("custom_housing")
+
+            # Create instance of AutoML.
+            >>> automl_obj = AutoML(verbose=2, 
+            >>>                     exclude="xgboost",
+            >>>                     stopping_metric="R2",
+            >>>                     stopping_tolerance=0.7,
+            >>>                     custom_config_file="custom_housing.json")
+            # Fit the data.
+            >>> automl_obj.fit(housing_train, "price")
+ 
+            # Run predict with best performing model.
+            >>> prediction = automl_obj.predict()
+            >>> prediction
+
+            # Display leaderboard.
+            >>> automl_obj.leaderboard()
+
+            # Example 5 : Run AutoML for regression problem with maximum runtime.
+            # Scenario : Predict the species of iris flower based on different factors.
+            #            Run AutoML to get the best performing model in specified time.
+
+            # Create instance of AutoML.
+            >>> automl_obj = AutoML(verbose=2, 
+            >>>                     exclude="xgboost",
+            >>>                     max_runtime_secs=500)
+            # Fit the data.
+            >>> automl_obj.fit(iris_input, iris_input.species)
+ 
+            # Run predict with best performing model.
+            >>> prediction = automl_obj.predict()
+            >>> prediction
+
+            # Run predict with second best performing model.
+            >>> prediction = automl_obj.predict(rank=2)
+            >>> prediction
+
+            # Display leaderboard.
+            >>> automl_obj.leaderboard()
+ 
+            # Display best performing model.
+            >>> automl_obj.leader()     
+        """
+        # Appending arguments to list for validation
+        arg_info_matrix = []
+        arg_info_matrix.append(["task_type", task_type, True, (str), True, ["Regression", "Classification", "Default"]])
+        arg_info_matrix.append(["include", include, True, (str, list), True, ["glm", "svm", "knn", 
+                                                                              "decision_forest", "xgboost"]])
+        arg_info_matrix.append(["exclude", exclude, True, (str, list), True, ["glm", "svm", "knn", 
+                                                                              "decision_forest", "xgboost"]])
+        arg_info_matrix.append(["verbose", verbose, True, (int), True, [0,1,2]])
+        arg_info_matrix.append(["max_runtime_secs", max_runtime_secs, True, (int, float)])
+        arg_info_matrix.append(["stopping_metric", stopping_metric, True, (str), True, ["R2", 'MAE', 
+                                                                                        'MSE', 'MSLE',
+                                                                                        'RMSE', 'RMSLE',
+                                                                                        'MICRO-F1','MACRO-F1',
+                                                                                        'MICRO-RECALL','MACRO-RECALL',
+                                                                                        'MICRO-PRECISION', 'MACRO-PRECISION',
+                                                                                        'WEIGHTED-PRECISION','WEIGHTED-RECALL',
+                                                                                        'WEIGHTED-F1', 'ACCURACY']])
+        arg_info_matrix.append(["stopping_tolerance", stopping_tolerance, True, (float, int)])
+        arg_info_matrix.append(["custom_config_file", custom_config_file, True, (str), True])
+        
+
+        # Validate argument types
+        _Validators._validate_function_arguments(arg_info_matrix)
+        # Either include or exclude can be used.
+        if include is not None or exclude is not None:
+            _Validators._validate_mutually_exclusive_arguments(include, "include", exclude, "exclude")
+        # Validate mutually inclusive arguments
+        _Validators._validate_mutually_inclusive_arguments(stopping_metric, "stopping_metric", stopping_tolerance, "stopping_tolerance")
+        
+        custom_data = None
+        self.auto = True
+        # Validate custom file
+        if custom_config_file:
+            # Performing validation
+            _Validators._validate_file_exists(custom_config_file)
+            _Validators._validate_file_extension(custom_config_file, "json")
+            _Validators._check_empty_file(custom_config_file)
+            # Setting auto to False
+            self.auto = False
+            # Loading file
+            with open(custom_config_file, 'r') as json_file:
+                custom_data = json.load(json_file)
+
+        # Initializing class variables
+        self.data = None
+        self.target_column = None
+        self.custom_data = custom_data
+        self.task_type = task_type
+        self.include_model = include
+        self.exclude_model = exclude
+        self.verbose = verbose
+        self.max_runtime_secs = max_runtime_secs
+        self.stopping_metric = stopping_metric
+        self.stopping_tolerance = stopping_tolerance
+        self.model_list = ['decision_forest', 'xgboost', 'knn', 'svm', 'glm']
+        self.is_classification_type = lambda: self.task_type.upper() == 'CLASSIFICATION'
+        self._is_fit_called = False 
+        
+    def fit(self,
+            data,
+            target_column):
+        """
+        DESCRIPTION:
+            Function triggers the AutoML run. It is designed to handle both 
+            regression and classification tasks depending on the specified "task_type".
+            
+        PARAMETERS:
+            data:
+                Required Argument.
+                Specifies the input teradataml DataFrame.
+                Types: teradataml Dataframe
+            
+            target_column:
+                Required Arugment.
+                Specifies target column of dataset.
+                Types: str or ColumnExpression
+
+        RETURNS:
+            None
+
+        RAISES:
+            TeradataMlException, TypeError, ValueError
+            
+        EXAMPLES:
+            # Create an instance of the AutoML called "automl_obj" 
+            # by referring "AutoML() or AutoRegressor() or AutoClassifier()" method.
+            # Perform fit() operation on the "automl_obj".
+
+            # Example 1: Passing column expression for target column.
+            >>> automl_obj.fit(data = housing_train, target_col = housing_train.price)
+                                    
+            # Example 2: Passing name of target column.
+            >>> automl_obj.fit(data = housing_train, target_col = "price") 
+        """
+
+        self._is_fit_called = True
+        # Checking if target column is of type ColumnExpression
+        if isinstance(target_column, ColumnExpression):
+            target_column = target_column.name
+        
+        # Appending fit arguments to list for validation
+        arg_info_fit_matrix = []
+        arg_info_fit_matrix.append(["data", data, False, (DataFrame), True])
+        arg_info_fit_matrix.append(["target_column", target_column, False, (str), True])
+
+        # Validate argument types
+        _Validators._validate_function_arguments(arg_info_fit_matrix)
+        
+        # Initializing class variables
+        self.data = data
+        self.target_column = target_column
+        
+        # Checking if include model list is present
+        if self.include_model:
+            # Converting to list if passed as string
+            self.include_model = UtilFuncs._as_list(self.include_model)
+            # Updating model list based on include list
+            self.model_list = list(set(self.include_model))
+            self.model_list = [model.lower() for model in self.model_list]
+
+        # Checking if exclude model list is present
+        if self.exclude_model:
+            # Converting to list if passed as string
+            self.exclude_model = UtilFuncs._as_list(self.exclude_model)
+            # Updating model list based on exclude list
+            self.model_list = list(set(self.model_list) - set(self.exclude_model))
+            self.model_list = [model.lower() for model in self.model_list]
+        
+        # Checking if target column is present in data
+        _Validators._validate_dataframe_has_argument_columns(self.target_column, "target_column", self.data, "df")
+            
+        # Handling default task type        
+        if self.task_type.casefold() == "default":
+            # if target column is having distinct values less than or equal to 20, 
+            # then it will be mapped to classification problem else regression problem
+            if self.data.drop_duplicate(self.target_column).size <= 20:
+                print("\nTask type is set to Classification as target column "
+                    "is having distinct values less than or equal to 20.")
+                self.task_type = "Classification"
+            else:
+                print("\nTask type is set to Regression as target column is "
+                    "having distinct values greater than 20.")
+                self.task_type = "Regression"
+        
+        if self.is_classification_type():
+            if self.stopping_metric is not None:
+                permitted_values = ["MICRO-F1", "MACRO-F1", 
+                                    "MICRO-RECALL", "MACRO-RECALL",
+                                    "MICRO-PRECISION", "MACRO-PRECISION", 
+                                    "WEIGHTED-PRECISION", "WEIGHTED-RECALL", 
+                                    "WEIGHTED-F1", "ACCURACY"]
+                _Validators._validate_permitted_values(self.stopping_metric, permitted_values, "stopping_metric")
+        else:
+            if self.stopping_metric is not None:
+                permitted_values = ["R2", 'MAE', 'MSE', 'MSLE','RMSE', 'RMSLE']
+                _Validators._validate_permitted_values(self.stopping_metric, permitted_values, "stopping_metric")
+
+        if not self.is_classification_type():
+            _Validators._validate_column_type(self.data, self.target_column, 'target_column', 
+                                              expected_types=UtilFuncs()._get_numeric_datatypes())
+        
+        # Displaying received custom input
+        if self.custom_data:
+            print("\n Received below input for customization : ")
+            print(json.dumps(self.custom_data, indent=4))
+        
+        # Classification probelm
+        task_cls = _Classification
+        cls_method = "_classification"
+        
+        # Regression problem
+        if self.task_type.casefold() == "regression":
+            task_cls = _Regression
+            cls_method = "_regression"
+
+        # Running AutoML
+        clf = task_cls(self.data, self.target_column, self.custom_data)
+        
+        self.model_info, self.leader_board, self.target_count, self.target_label, \
+            self.data_transformation_params, self.table_name_mapping = getattr(clf, cls_method)(    
+                                                                    model_list = self.model_list,
+                                                                    auto = self.auto,
+                                                                    verbose = self.verbose,
+                                                                    max_runtime_secs = self.max_runtime_secs, 
+                                                                    stopping_metric = self.stopping_metric, 
+                                                                    stopping_tolerance = self.stopping_tolerance
+                                                                    )
+        # Model Evaluation Phase
+        self.m_evaluator = _ModelEvaluator(self.model_info, 
+                                           self.target_column,
+                                           self.task_type)
+      
+    def predict(self,
+                data = None,
+                rank = 1):
+        """
+        DESCRIPTION:
+            Function generates prediction on either default test data or any other data 
+            using model rank in leaderboard and displays performance metrics 
+            of the specified model.
+            
+            If test data contains target column, then it displays both prediction 
+            and performance metrics, otherwise displays only prediction.
+
+        PARAMETERS:
+            data:
+                Optional Argument.
+                Specifies the dataset on which prediction and performance
+                metrices needs to be generated using model rank in leaderboard.
+                When "data" is not specified default test data is used. Default 
+                test data is the dataset generated at the time of training.
+                Types: teradataml DataFrame
+
+            rank:
+                Optional Argument.
+                Specifies the rank of the model in the leaderboard to be used for prediction.
+                Default Value: 1
+                Types: int
+                
+        RETURNS:
+            Pandas DataFrame with predictions.
+
+        RAISES:
+            TeradataMlException, TypeError, ValueError
+
+        EXAMPLES:
+            # Create an instance of the AutoML called "automl_obj" 
+            # by referring "AutoML() or AutoRegressor() or AutoClassifier()" method.
+            # Perform fit() operation on the "automl_obj".
+            # Perform predict() operation on the "automl_obj".
+            
+            # Example 1: Run predict with best performing model.
+            >>> prediction = automl_obj.predict()
+            >>> prediction
+            
+            # Example 2: Run predict with second best performing model.
+            >>> prediction = automl_obj.predict(rank=2)
+            >>> prediction
+            
+            # Example 3: Run predict for new test data with best performing model.
+            >>> prediction = automl_obj.predict(admissions_test)
+            >>> prediction
+            
+            # Example 4: Run predict for new test data with second best performing model.
+            >>> prediction = automl_obj.predict(admissions_test, rank=2)
+            >>> prediction
+        """
+        if not self._is_fit_called:
+            # raise ValueError("fit() method must be called before generating prediction.")
+            err = Messages.get_message(MessageCodes.FUNC_EXECUTION_FAILED,
+                                       "'predict' method", \
+                                       "'fit' method must be called before" \
+                                       " running predict.")
+            raise TeradataMlException(err, MessageCodes.EXECUTION_FAILED)
+        # Appending predict arguments to list for validation.
+        arg_info_pred_matrix = []
+        arg_info_pred_matrix.append(["data", data, True, (DataFrame), True])
+        arg_info_pred_matrix.append(["rank", rank, True, (int), True])
+
+        # Validate argument types
+        _Validators._validate_function_arguments(arg_info_pred_matrix)
+        
+        # Setting test data indicator to default value, i.e., False.
+        self.test_data_ind = False
+        # Setting target column indicator to default value, i.e., False.
+        self.target_column_ind = False
+        # Model Evaluation using rank-1 [rank starts from 0 in leaderboard]
+        rank = rank-1
+        
+        # Checking if there is test data provided or not.
+        # If no, then model will generate predicion on default test data.
+        # If yes, then at first data transformation will happen then prediction will be generated.
+        if data is None:
+            metrics, pred = self.m_evaluator.model_evaluation(rank = rank,
+                                                              table_name_mapping=self.table_name_mapping)
+        else:
+            # Setting test data indicator to True
+            self.test_data_ind = True
+            # Setting indicator to True if target column exists
+            if self.target_column in data.columns:
+                self.target_column_ind = True
+        
+            # Data Transformation Phase
+            data_transform_instance = _DataTransformation(data = data,
+                                                          data_transformation_params = \
+                                                          self.data_transformation_params,
+                                                          auto = self.auto,
+                                                          verbose = self.verbose,
+                                                          target_column_ind = self.target_column_ind,
+                                                          table_name_mapping=self.table_name_mapping)
+            
+            self.table_name_mapping = data_transform_instance.data_transformation()
+            
+            # Checking for target column presence in passed test data.
+            # If present, then both prediction and evaluation metrics will be generated.
+            # If not present, then only prediction will be generated.
+            if self.target_column_ind:
+                metrics, pred = self.m_evaluator.model_evaluation(rank = rank, 
+                                                                  test_data_ind = \
+                                                                  self.test_data_ind, 
+                                                                  target_column_ind = \
+                                                                  self.target_column_ind,
+                                                                  table_name_mapping=self.table_name_mapping)
+            else:
+                pred = self.m_evaluator.model_evaluation(rank = rank,
+                                                         test_data_ind = \
+                                                         self.test_data_ind,
+                                                         table_name_mapping=self.table_name_mapping)
+        # Checking if problem type is classification and target label is present.
+        if self.is_classification_type() and self.target_label is not None:
+            # Displaying target column labels
+            tar_dct = {}
+            print('Target Column Mapping:')
+            # Iterating rows
+            for row in self.target_label.result.itertuples():
+                # Retrieving the category names of encoded target column
+                # row[1] contains the orginal name of cateogry
+                # row[2] contains the encoded value
+                if row[1] != 'TD_CATEGORY_COUNT':
+                    tar_dct[row[1]] = row[2]
+                    
+            for key, value in tar_dct.items():
+                print(f"{key}: {value}")
+            
+        print("\n Prediction : ")
+        print(pred.result)
+        
+        # Showing performance metrics if there is no test data
+        # Or if target column is present in test data.
+        if not self.test_data_ind or self.target_column_ind:
+            print("\n Performance Metrics : ")
+            print(metrics.result)
+        
+            prediction_column = 'prediction' if 'prediction' in pred.result.columns else 'Prediction'
+
+            # Displaying confusion matrix and ROC-AUC for classification problem
+            if self.is_classification_type():
+                print_data = lambda data: print(data) if _is_terminal() else display(data)
+                # Displaying ROC-AUC for binary classification
+                if self.target_count == 2:
+                    fit_params = {
+                        "probability_column" : prediction_column,
+                        "observation_column" : self.target_column,
+                        "positive_class" : "1",
+                        "data" : pred.result
+                    }
+                    # Fitting ROC
+                    roc_out = ROC(**fit_params)
+                    print("\n ROC-AUC : ")
+                    print_data(roc_out.result)
+                    print_data(roc_out.output_data)
+                
+                # Displaying confusion matrix for binary and multiclass classification
+                prediction_df=pred.result.to_pandas()
+                target_col = self.target_column
+                print("\n Confusion Matrix : ")
+                print_data(confusion_matrix(prediction_df[target_col], prediction_df[prediction_column]))
+                
+        # Returning prediction
+        return pred.result    
+    
+    def leaderboard(self):
+        """
+        DESCRIPTION:
+            Function displays leaderboard.
+
+        RETURNS:
+            Pandas DataFrame with Leaderboard information.
+
+        RAISES:
+            TeradataMlException.
+
+        EXAMPLES:
+            # Create an instance of the AutoML called "automl_obj" 
+            # by referring "AutoML() or AutoRegressor() or AutoClassifier()" method.
+            # Perform fit() operation on the "automl_obj".
+            # Generate leaderboard using leaderboard() method on "automl_obj".
+            >>> automl_obj.leaderboard()
+        """
+        if not self._is_fit_called:
+            # raise ValueError("fit() method must be called before generating leaderboard.")
+            err = Messages.get_message(MessageCodes.FUNC_EXECUTION_FAILED,
+                                       "'leaderboard' method", \
+                                       "'fit' method must be called before" \
+                                       " generating leaderboard.")
+            raise TeradataMlException(err, MessageCodes.EXECUTION_FAILED)
+        return self.leader_board
+        
+    def leader(self):
+        """
+        DESCRIPTION:
+            Function displays best performing model.
+            
+        RETURNS:
+            None
+
+        RAISES:
+            TeradataMlException.
+
+        EXAMPLES:
+            # Create an instance of the AutoML called "automl_obj" 
+            # by referring "AutoML() or AutoRegressor() or AutoClassifier()" method.
+            # Perform fit() operation on the "automl_obj".
+            # Generate leaderboard using leaderboard() method on "automl_obj".
+            # Display best performing model using leader() method on "automl_obj".
+            >>> automl_obj.leader()   
+        """
+        if not self._is_fit_called:
+            # raise ValueError("fit() method must be called before generating leader.")
+            err = Messages.get_message(MessageCodes.FUNC_EXECUTION_FAILED,
+                                       "'leader' method", \
+                                       "'fit' method must be called before" \
+                                       " generating leader.")
+            raise TeradataMlException(err, MessageCodes.EXECUTION_FAILED)
+        record = self.leader_board
+        if not _is_terminal():
+            display(record[record['Rank'] == 1])
+        else:
+            print(record[record['Rank'] == 1])
+    
+    @staticmethod
+    def generate_custom_config(file_name = "custom"):
+        """
+        DESCRIPTION:
+            Function generates custom JSON file containing user customized input under current 
+            working directory which can be used for AutoML execution.
+        
+        PARAMETERS:
+            file_name:
+                Optional Argument.
+                Specifies the name of the file to be generated. Do not pass the file name
+                with extension. Extension '.json' is automatically added to specified file name.
+                Default Value: "custom"
+                Types: str
+        
+        RETURNS:
+            None 
+        
+        EXAMPLES:
+            # Import either of AutoML or AutoClassifier or AutoRegressor from teradataml.
+            # As per requirement, generate json file using generate_custom_config() method.
+            
+            # Generate a default file named "custom.json" file using either of below options.
+            >>> AutoML.generate_custom_config()
+            or
+            >>> AutoClassifier.generate_custom_config()
+            or 
+            >>> AutoRegressor.generate_custom_config()
+            # The above code will generate "custom.json" file under the current working directory.
+            
+            # Generate different file name using "file_name" argument.
+            >>> AutoML.generate_custom_config("titanic_custom")
+            or
+            >>> AutoClassifier.generate_custom_config("titanic_custom")
+            or
+            >>> AutoRegressor.generate_custom_config("housing_custom")
+            # The above code will generate "titanic_custom.json" file under the current working directory.
+                
+        """
+        # Intializing class
+        generator = _GenerateCustomJson()
+        # Generating custom JSON data
+        data = generator._generate_custom_json()
+        # Converting to JSON
+        custom_json = json.dumps(data, indent=4)
+        # Save JSON data to the specified file
+        json_file = f"{file_name}.json"
+        with open(json_file, 'w') as file:
+            file.write(custom_json)
+        print(f"\n'{json_file}' file is generated successfully under the current working directory.")
+
+
+class _Regression(_FeatureExplore, _FeatureEngineering, _DataPreparation, _ModelTraining):
+  
+    def __init__(self, 
+                 data, 
+                 target_column,
+                 custom_data = None):
+        """
+        DESCRIPTION:
+            Function initializes the data, target column for Regression.
+         
+        PARAMETERS:  
+            data:
+                Required Argument.
+                Specifies the input teradataml Dataframe.
+                Types: teradataml Dataframe
+            
+            target_column:
+                Required Arugment.
+                Specifies the name of the target column in "data".
+                Types: str
+            
+            custom_data:
+                Optional Arugment.
+                Specifies json object containing user customized input.
+                Types: json object
+        """
+        self.data = data
+        self.target_column = target_column
+        self.custom_data = custom_data
+        
+        
+    def _regression(self,
+                    model_list = None, 
+                    auto = False,
+                    verbose = 0,
+                    max_runtime_secs = None,
+                    stopping_metric = None, 
+                    stopping_tolerance = None):
+        """
+        DESCRIPTION:
+            Interal Function runs Regression.
+         
+        PARAMETERS:  
+            auto:
+                Optional Arugment.
+                Specifies whether to run AutoML in custom mode or auto mode.
+                When set to False, runs in custom mode. Otherwise, by default runs in auto mode.
+                Types: bool
+                
+            verbose:
+                Optional Argument.
+                Specifies the detailed execution steps based on verbose level.
+                Default Value: 0
+                Permitted Values: 
+                    * 0: prints the progress bar and leaderboard
+                    * 1: prints the execution steps of AutoML.
+                    * 2: prints the intermediate data between the execution of each step of AutoML.
+                Types: int
+                
+            max_runtime_secs:
+                Optional Arugment.
+                Specifies the time limit in seconds for model training.
+                Types: int
+                
+            stopping_metric:
+                Required, when "stopping_tolerance" is set, otherwise optional.
+	        Specifies the stopping mertics for stopping tolerance in model training.
+                Types: str
+
+            stopping_tolerance:
+                Required, when "stopping_metric" is set, otherwise optional.
+	        Specifies the stopping tolerance for stopping metrics in model training.
+                Types: float
+        
+        RETURNS:
+            a tuple containing, model information and leaderboard.   
+        """
+        # Feature Exploration Phase
+        _FeatureExplore.__init__(self, 
+                                 data = self.data, 
+                                 target_column = self.target_column,
+                                 verbose=verbose)
+        if verbose > 0:
+            self._exploration()
+        # Feature Engineering Phase
+        _FeatureEngineering.__init__(self, 
+                                     data = self.data, 
+                                     target_column = self.target_column,
+                                     model_list = model_list,
+                                     verbose = verbose,
+                                     custom_data = self.custom_data)
+        # Start time
+        start_time = time.time()
+        data, excluded_columns, target_label, data_transformation_params = self.feature_engineering(auto)
+        
+        # Data preparation Phase
+        _DataPreparation.__init__(self, 
+                                  data = self.data, 
+                                  target_column = self.target_column, 
+                                  verbose = verbose,
+                                  excluded_columns = excluded_columns,
+                                  custom_data = self.custom_data,
+                                  data_transform_dict = data_transformation_params)
+        features, data_transformation_params = self.data_preparation(auto)
+
+        # Calculating max_runtime_secs for model training by,
+        # subtracting the time taken for feature engineering and data preparation
+        max_runtime_secs = max_runtime_secs - (time.time() - start_time) \
+                                if max_runtime_secs is not None else None
+        
+        # Setting max_runtime_secs to 60 seconds if it is less than 0
+        max_runtime_secs = 60 if max_runtime_secs is not None and \
+                                            max_runtime_secs < 0 else max_runtime_secs
+        
+        # Model Training
+        _ModelTraining.__init__(self, 
+                                data = self.data, 
+                                target_column = self.target_column,
+                                model_list = model_list, 
+                                verbose = verbose,
+                                features = features,
+                                task_type = "Regression",
+                                custom_data = self.custom_data)
+        models_info, leaderboard, target_count = self.model_training(auto = auto,
+                                                        max_runtime_secs = max_runtime_secs, 
+                                                        stopping_metric = stopping_metric, 
+                                                        stopping_tolerance = stopping_tolerance)
+
+        return (models_info, leaderboard, target_count, target_label, data_transformation_params, self.table_name_mapping)
+            
+class _Classification(_FeatureExplore, _FeatureEngineering, _DataPreparation, _ModelTraining):
+
+    def __init__(self, 
+                 data, 
+                 target_column,
+                 custom_data = None):
+        """
+        DESCRIPTION:
+            Function initializes the data, target column for Classification.
+         
+        PARAMETERS:  
+            data:
+                Required Argument.
+                Specifies the input teradataml Dataframe.
+                Types: teradataml Dataframe
+            
+            target_column:
+                Required Arugment.
+                Specifies the name of the target column in "data".
+                Types: str
+            
+            custom_data:
+                Optional Arugment.
+                Specifies json object containing user customized input.
+                Types: json object
+        """
+        self.data = data
+        self.target_column = target_column
+        self.custom_data = custom_data
+
+    def _classification(self,
+                        model_list = None,
+                        auto = False,
+                        verbose = 0,
+                        max_runtime_secs = None,
+                        stopping_metric = None, 
+                        stopping_tolerance = None):
+        """
+        DESCRIPTION:
+            Interal Function runs Classification.
+         
+        PARAMETERS:  
+            auto:
+                Optional Arugment.
+                Specifies whether to run AutoML in custom mode or auto mode.
+                When set to False, runs in custom mode. Otherwise, by default runs in auto mode.
+                Types: bool
+                
+            verbose:
+                Optional Argument.
+                Specifies the detailed execution steps based on verbose level.
+                Default Value: 0
+                Permitted Values: 
+                    * 0: prints the progress bar and leaderboard
+                    * 1: prints the execution steps of AutoML.
+                    * 2: prints the intermediate data between the execution of each step of AutoML.
+                Types: int
+                
+            max_runtime_secs:
+                Optional Arugment.
+                Specifies the time limit in seconds for model training.
+                Types: int
+                
+            stopping_metric:
+                Required, when "stopping_tolerance" is set, otherwise optional.
+	            Specifies the stopping mertics for stopping tolerance in model training.
+                Types: str
+
+            stopping_tolerance:
+                Required, when "stopping_metric" is set, otherwise optional.
+	            Specifies the stopping tolerance for stopping metrics in model training.
+                Types: float
+        
+        RETURNS:
+            a tuple containing, model information and leaderboard.
+        """
+        
+        
+        # Feature Exploration Phase
+        _FeatureExplore.__init__(self, 
+                                     data = self.data, 
+                                     target_column = self.target_column,
+                                     verbose=verbose)
+        if verbose > 0:
+            self._exploration()
+        # Feature Engineeting Phase
+        _FeatureEngineering.__init__(self, 
+                                     data = self.data, 
+                                     target_column = self.target_column,
+                                     model_list = model_list,
+                                     verbose = verbose,
+                                     task_type = "Classification",
+                                     custom_data = self.custom_data)
+        # Start time
+        start_time = time.time()
+        data, excluded_columns, target_label, data_transformation_params = self.feature_engineering(auto)
+        # Data Preparation Phase
+        _DataPreparation.__init__(self, 
+                                  data = self.data, 
+                                  target_column = self.target_column, 
+                                  verbose = verbose,
+                                  excluded_columns = excluded_columns, 
+                                  custom_data = self.custom_data,
+                                  data_transform_dict = data_transformation_params,
+                                  task_type = "Classification")
+        features, data_transformation_params = self.data_preparation(auto)
+
+        # Calculating max_runtime_secs for model training by,
+        # subtracting the time taken for feature engineering and data preparation
+        max_runtime_secs = max_runtime_secs - (time.time() - start_time) \
+                                if max_runtime_secs is not None else None
+        
+        # Setting max_runtime_secs to 60 seconds if it is less than 0
+        max_runtime_secs = 60 if max_runtime_secs is not None and \
+                                            max_runtime_secs < 0 else max_runtime_secs
+
+        # Model training
+        _ModelTraining.__init__(self, 
+                                data = self.data, 
+                                target_column = self.target_column,
+                                model_list = model_list, 
+                                verbose = verbose,
+                                features = features, 
+                                task_type = "Classification",
+                                custom_data = self.custom_data)
+        models_info, leaderboard, target_count = self.model_training(auto = auto,
+                                                        max_runtime_secs = max_runtime_secs, 
+                                                        stopping_metric = stopping_metric, 
+                                                        stopping_tolerance = stopping_tolerance)
+
+        return (models_info, leaderboard, target_count, target_label, data_transformation_params, self.table_name_mapping)
+  
+    def _target_column_details(self): 
+        """
+        DESCRIPTION:
+            Internal function displays the target column distribution of Target column/ Response column.
+        """       
+        # If data visualization libraries are available
+        if self._check_visualization_libraries() and not _is_terminal():
+            import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
+            import seaborn as sns
+            self._display_msg(msg='\nTarget Column Distribution:',
+                              show_data=True)
+            plt.figure(figsize=(6, 6))
+            # Ploting a histogram for target column
+            sns.countplot(data=self.data.select([self.target_column]).to_pandas(), x=self.target_column)
+            plt.show()
+
+    def _check_data_imbalance(self, 
+                              data=None):
+        """
+        DESCRIPTION:
+            Internal function calculate and checks the imbalance in dataset.
+        
+        PARAMETERS:
+            data:
+                Required Argument.
+                Specifies the input teradataml DataFrame.
+                Types: teradataml Dataframe
+        
+        RETURNS:
+            bool, True if imbalance dataset detected, Otherwise False.
+        """
+        self._display_msg(msg="\nChecking imbalance data ...",
+                          progress_bar=self.progress_bar)
+        # Calculate the distribution of classes in the target column
+        class_dist = data[self.target_column].value_counts().values
+
+        # Find the minimum count of data points among the classes
+        min_ct = np.min(class_dist)
+
+        # Find the maximum count of data points among the classes
+        max_ct = np.max(class_dist)
+
+        # Calculate the imbalance ratio(minimum count to maximum count)
+        imb_ratio = min_ct / max_ct
+
+        # Check if the imbalance ratio less than the threshold of 0.4
+        if imb_ratio < 0.4:
+            self._display_msg(msg="Imbalance Found.",
+                              progress_bar=self.progress_bar)
+            return True
+
+        self._display_msg(msg="Imbalance Not Found.",
+                          progress_bar=self.progress_bar)
+        return False
+    
+    def _set_custom_sampling(self):
+        """
+        DESCRIPTION:
+            Function to handle customized data sampling for imbalance dataset.
+        """
+        # Fetching user input for data sampling
+        data_imbalance_input = self.custom_data.get("DataImbalanceIndicator", False) 
+        if data_imbalance_input:
+            # Extracting method for performing data sampling
+            handling_method = self.custom_data.get("DataImbalanceMethod", None)
+            if handling_method == 'SMOTE':
+                self._data_sampling_method = "SMOTE"
+            elif handling_method == 'NearMiss':
+                self._data_sampling_method = "NearMiss"
+            else:
+                self._display_msg(inline_msg="Provided method for data imbalance is not supported. AutoML will Proceed with default option.",
+                                  progress_bar=self.progress_bar)
+        else:
+            self._display_msg(inline_msg="No information provided for performing customized imbalanced dataset sampling. AutoML will Proceed with default option.",
+                              progress_bar=self.progress_bar)
+    
+    def _data_sampling(self, 
+                       data):
+        """
+        DESCRIPTION:
+            Function to handle data imbalance in dataset using sampling techniques 
+            in case of classification.
+            
+        PARAMETERS:
+            data:
+                Required Argument.
+                Specifies the input teradataml DataFrame.
+                Types: pandas Dataframe.
+
+        RETURNS:
+            Teradataml dataframe after handling data imbalance.
+        """
+        self._display_msg(msg="\nStarting data imbalance handling ...",
+                          progress_bar=self.progress_bar,
+                          show_data=True)
+
+        # Importing required libraries
+        from imblearn.over_sampling import SMOTE
+        from imblearn.under_sampling import NearMiss
+        
+        st = time.time()
+        self._display_msg(msg=f"\nBalancing the data using {self._data_sampling_method}...",
+                          progress_bar=self.progress_bar,
+                          show_data=True)
+        # Performing data sampling
+        try:
+            # Fetching the minimum target column label count and 
+            # accordingly setting the number of neighbors for the sampler
+            min_label_count = min(data[self.target_column].value_counts())
+            if self._data_sampling_method == 'SMOTE':
+                n_neighbors = min(5, min_label_count - 1)
+                sampling_method = SMOTE(k_neighbors=n_neighbors, random_state=5)
+            else:
+                n_neighbors = min(3, min_label_count)
+                sampling_method = NearMiss(version=1, n_neighbors=n_neighbors)
+            
+            # Fitting on dataset
+            xt, yt = sampling_method.fit_resample(data.drop(columns=[self.target_column], axis=1), 
+                                                    data[self.target_column])
+            
+            # Merging the balanced dataset with target column
+            balanced_df = (xt.reset_index().merge(yt.reset_index(), on="index")) 
+            balanced_df.drop(columns=['index', 'id'], axis=1, inplace=True)
+            balanced_df = balanced_df.reset_index().rename(columns={'index': 'id'})
+            
+            et = time.time()
+            self._display_msg(msg=f"Handled imbalanced dataset using {self._data_sampling_method}: {et - st:.2f} sec",
+                                progress_bar=self.progress_bar,
+                                show_data=True)
+        except:
+            self._display_msg(msg=f"Balancing using {self._data_sampling_method} Failed!!",
+                              progress_bar=self.progress_bar,
+                              show_data=True)
+            # Returning original data if the data sampler fails
+            return data
+        
+        self._display_msg(msg="Completed data imbalance handling.",
+                          progress_bar=self.progress_bar,
+                          show_data=True)
+        # Returning balanced dataframe
+        return balanced_df
+
+class AutoRegressor(AutoML):
+    
+    def __init__(self,
+                 include = None,
+                 exclude = None,
+                 verbose=0,
+                 max_runtime_secs=None,
+                 stopping_metric=None, 
+                 stopping_tolerance=None,
+                 custom_config_file=None
+                ):
+        """
+        DESCRIPTION:
+            AutoRegressor is a special purpose AutoML feature to run regression specific tasks.
+         
+        PARAMETERS:
+            include:
+                Optional Argument.
+                Specifies the model algorithms to be used for model training phase.
+                By default, all 5 models are used for training for regression and binary
+                classification problem, while only 3 models are used for multi-class.
+                Permitted Values: "glm", "svm", "knn", "decision_forest", "xgboost"
+                Types: str OR list of str
+            
+            exclude:
+                Optional Argument.
+                Specifies the model algorithms to be excluded from model training phase.
+                No model is excluded by default.
+                Permitted Values: "glm", "svm", "knn", "decision_forest", "xgboost"
+                Types: str OR list of str
+                    
+            verbose:
+                Optional Argument.
+                Specifies the detailed execution steps based on verbose level.
+                Default Value: 0
+                Permitted Values: 
+                    * 0: prints the progress bar and leaderboard
+                    * 1: prints the execution steps of AutoML.
+                    * 2: prints the intermediate data between the execution of each step of AutoML.
+                Types: int
+                
+            max_runtime_secs:
+                Optional Arugment.
+                Specifies the time limit in seconds for model training.
+                Types: int
+                
+            stopping_metric:
+                Required, when "stopping_tolerance" is set, otherwise optional.
+                Specifies the stopping mertics for stopping tolerance in model training.
+                Permitted Values: 
+                    * For task_type "Regression": "R2", "MAE", "MSE", "MSLE", 
+                                                  "RMSE", "RMSLE"
+                    * For task_type "Classification": 'MICRO-F1','MACRO-F1',
+                                                      'MICRO-RECALL','MACRO-RECALL',
+                                                      'MICRO-PRECISION', 'MACRO-PRECISION',
+                                                      'WEIGHTED-PRECISION','WEIGHTED-RECALL',
+                                                      'WEIGHTED-F1', 'ACCURACY'
+                Types: str
+
+            stopping_tolerance:
+                Required, when "stopping_metric" is set, otherwise optional.
+                Specifies the stopping tolerance for stopping metrics in model training.
+                Types: float
+                
+            custom_config_file:
+                Optional Argument.
+                Specifies the path of JSON file in case of custom run.
+                Types: str
+                
+        RETURNS:
+            Instance of AutoRegressor.
+    
+        RAISES:
+            TeradataMlException, TypeError, ValueError
+            
+        EXAMPLES:
+            # Notes:
+            #     1. Get the connection to Vantage to execute the function.
+            #     2. One must import the required functions mentioned in
+            #        the example from teradataml.
+            #     3. Function will raise error if not supported on the Vantage
+            #        user is connected to.
+
+            # Load the example data.
+            >>> load_example_data("decisionforestpredict", ["housing_train", "housing_test"])
+    
+            # Create teradataml DataFrame object.
+            >>> housing_train = DataFrame.from_table("housing_train")
+            
+            # Example 1 : Run AutoRegressor using default options.
+            # Scenario : Predict the price of house based on different factors.
+           
+            # Create instance of AutoRegressor.
+            >>> automl_obj = AutoRegressor()
+
+            # Fit the data.
+            >>> automl_obj.fit(housing_train, "price")
+
+            # Predict using best performing model.
+            >>> prediction = automl_obj.predict()
+            >>> prediction
+            
+            # Run predict for new test data with best performing model.
+            >>> prediction = automl_obj.predict(housing_test)
+            >>> prediction
+            
+            # Run predict for new test data with second best performing model.
+            >>> prediction = automl_obj.predict(housing_test, rank=2)
+            >>> prediction
+
+            # Display leaderboard.
+            >>> automl_obj.leaderboard()
+
+            # Display best performing model.
+            >>> automl_obj.leader()
+
+            # Example 2 : Run AutoRegressor for regression problem with early stopping metric and tolerance.
+            # Scenario : Predict the price of house based on different factors.
+            #            Use custom configuration file to customize different 
+            #            processes of AutoML Run. Define performance threshold
+            #            to acquire for the available models, and terminate training 
+            #            upon meeting the stipulated performance criteria.
+            
+            # Generate custom configuration file.
+            >>> AutoRegressor.generate_custom_config("custom_housing")
+
+            # Create instance of AutoRegressor.
+            >>> automl_obj = AutoRegressor(verbose=2,
+            >>>                     exclude="xgboost",
+            >>>                     stopping_metric="R2",
+            >>>                     stopping_tolerance=0.7,
+            >>>                     custom_config_file="custom_housing.json")
+            # Fit the data.
+            >>> automl_obj.fit(housing_train, "price")
+ 
+            # Run predict with best performing model.
+            >>> prediction = automl_obj.predict()
+            >>> prediction
+
+            # Display leaderboard.
+            >>> automl_obj.leaderboard()
+
+            # Example 3 : Run AutoRegressor for regression problem with maximum runtime.
+            # Scenario : Predict the price of house based on different factors.
+            #            Run AutoML to get the best performing model in specified time.
+
+            # Create instance of AutoRegressor.
+            >>> automl_obj = AutoRegressor(verbose=2, 
+            >>>                     exclude="xgboost",
+            >>>                     max_runtime_secs=500)
+            # Fit the data.
+            >>> automl_obj.fit(housing_train, "price")
+ 
+            # Run predict with best performing model.
+            >>> prediction = automl_obj.predict()
+            >>> prediction
+
+            # Run predict with second best performing model.
+            >>> prediction = automl_obj.predict(rank=2)
+            >>> prediction
+
+            # Display leaderboard.
+            >>> automl_obj.leaderboard()
+ 
+            # Display best performing model.
+            >>> automl_obj.leader()  
+        """
+        self.verbose = verbose
+        self.max_runtime_secs = max_runtime_secs
+        self.stopping_metric = stopping_metric
+        self.stopping_tolerance = stopping_tolerance
+        self.custom_config_file = custom_config_file
+        self.task_type = "Regression"
+        self.include = include
+        self.exclude = exclude
+        
+        super(AutoRegressor, self).__init__(task_type=self.task_type,
+                                            include = self.include,
+                                            exclude = self.exclude,
+                                            verbose=self.verbose,
+                                            max_runtime_secs=self.max_runtime_secs,
+                                            stopping_metric=self.stopping_metric, 
+                                            stopping_tolerance=self.stopping_tolerance,
+                                            custom_config_file=self.custom_config_file)        
+class AutoClassifier(AutoML):
+        
+    def __init__(self,
+                include = None,
+                exclude = None,
+                verbose=0,
+                max_runtime_secs=None,
+                stopping_metric=None, 
+                stopping_tolerance=None,
+                custom_config_file=None
+                ):
+        """
+        DESCRIPTION:
+            AutoClassifier is a special purpose AutoML feature to run classification specific tasks.
+            
+        PARAMETERS:  
+            include:
+                Optional Argument.
+                Specifies the model algorithms to be used for model training phase.
+                By default, all 5 models are used for training for regression and binary
+                classification problem, while only 3 models are used for multi-class.
+                Permitted Values: "glm", "svm", "knn", "decision_forest", "xgboost"
+                Types: str OR list of str  
+            
+            exclude:
+                Optional Argument.
+                Specifies the model algorithms to be excluded from model training phase.
+                No model is excluded by default. 
+                Permitted Values: "glm", "svm", "knn", "decision_forest", "xgboost"
+                Types: str OR list of str
+                    
+            verbose:
+                Optional Argument.
+                Specifies the detailed execution steps based on verbose level.
+                Default Value: 0
+                Permitted Values: 
+                    * 0: prints the progress bar and leaderboard
+                    * 1: prints the execution steps of AutoML.
+                    * 2: prints the intermediate data between the execution of each step of AutoML.
+                Types: int
+                
+            max_runtime_secs:
+                Optional Arugment.
+                Specifies the time limit in seconds for model training.
+                Types: int
+                
+            stopping_metric:
+                Required, when "stopping_tolerance" is set, otherwise optional.
+                Specifies the stopping mertics for stopping tolerance in model training.
+                Types: str
+
+            stopping_tolerance:
+                Required, when "stopping_metric" is set, otherwise optional.
+                Specifies the stopping tolerance for stopping metrics in model training.
+                Permitted Values: 
+                    * For task_type "Regression": "R2", "MAE", "MSE", "MSLE", 
+                                                  "RMSE", "RMSLE"
+                    * For task_type "Classification": 'MICRO-F1','MACRO-F1',
+                                                      'MICRO-RECALL','MACRO-RECALL',
+                                                      'MICRO-PRECISION', 'MACRO-PRECISION',
+                                                      'WEIGHTED-PRECISION','WEIGHTED-RECALL',
+                                                      'WEIGHTED-F1', 'ACCURACY'
+                Types: float
+                
+            custom_config_file:
+                Optional Argument.
+                Specifies the path of json file in case of custom run.
+                Types: str
+                
+        RETURNS:
+            Instance of AutoClassifier.
+    
+        RAISES:
+            TeradataMlException, TypeError, ValueError
+            
+        EXAMPLES:    
+            # Notes:
+            #     1. Get the connection to Vantage to execute the function.
+            #     2. One must import the required functions mentioned in
+            #        the example from teradataml.
+            #     3. Function will raise error if not supported on the Vantage
+            #        user is connected to.
+
+            # Load the example data.
+            >>> load_example_data("teradataml", ["titanic", "iris_input"])
+            >>> load_example_data("GLMPredict", ["admissions_test", "admissions_train"])
+            
+            # Create teradataml DataFrame object.
+            >>> admissions_train = DataFrame.from_table("admissions_train")
+            >>> titanic = DataFrame.from_table("titanic")
+            >>> iris_input = DataFrame.from_table("iris_input")
+            >>> admissions_test = DataFrame.from_table("admissions_test")
+            
+            # Example 1 : Run AutoClassifier for binary classification problem
+            # Scenario : Predict whether a student will be admitted to a university
+            #            based on different factors. Run AutoML to get the best performing model
+            #            out of available models.
+            
+            # Create instance of AutoClassifier..
+            >>> automl_obj = AutoClassifier()
+
+            # Fit the data.
+            >>> automl_obj.fit(admissions_train, "admitted")
+
+            # Predict using best performing model.
+            >>> prediction = automl_obj.predict()
+            >>> prediction
+            
+            # Run predict for new test data with best performing model.
+            >>> prediction = automl_obj.predict(admissions_test)
+            >>> prediction
+            
+            # Run predict for new test data with second best performing model.
+            >>> prediction = automl_obj.predict(admissions_test, rank=2)
+            >>> prediction
+
+            # Display leaderboard.
+            >>> automl_obj.leaderboard()
+
+            # Display best performing model.
+            >>> automl_obj.leader()
+
+            # Example 2 : Run AutoClassifier for binary classification.
+            # Scenario : Predict whether passenger aboard the RMS Titanic survived
+            #            or not based on differect factors. Run AutoML to get the 
+            #            best performing model out of available models. Use custom
+            #            configuration file to customize different processes of
+            #            AutoML Run. 
+            
+            # Generate custom configuration file.
+            >>> AutoClassifier.generate_custom_config("custom_titanic")
+            
+            # Create instance of AutoClassifier.
+            >>> automl_obj = AutoClassifier(verbose=2, 
+            >>>                             custom_config_file="custom_titanic.json")
+            # Fit the data.
+            >>> automl_obj.fit(titanic, titanic.survived)
+ 
+            # Run predict with best performing model.
+            >>> prediction = automl_obj.predict()
+            >>> prediction
+
+            # Run predict with second best performing model.
+            >>> prediction = automl_obj.predict(rank=2)
+            >>> prediction
+
+            # Display leaderboard.
+            >>> automl_obj.leaderboard()
+ 
+            # Display best performing model.
+            >>> automl_obj.leader()
+
+            # Example 3 : Run AutoClassifier for multiclass classification problem.
+            # Scenario : Predict the species of iris flower based on different factors.
+            #            Run AutoML to get the best performing model out of available 
+            #            models. Use custom configuration file to customize different 
+            #            processes of AutoML Run.
+            
+            # Generate custom configuration file.
+            >>> AutoClassifier.generate_custom_config("custom_iris")
+            
+            # Create instance of AutoClassifier.
+            >>> automl_obj = AutoClassifier(verbose=1, 
+            >>>                             custom_config_file="custom_iris.json")
+            # Fit the data.
+            >>> automl_obj.fit(iris_input, "species")
+
+            # Predict using best performing model.
+            >>> prediction = automl_obj.predict()
+            >>> prediction
+
+            # Display leaderboard.
+            >>> automl_obj.leaderboard()
+  
+            # Display best performing model.
+            >>> automl_obj.leader()
+
+            # Example 4 : Run AutoClassifier for classification problem with stopping metric and tolerance.
+            # Scenario : Predict whether passenger aboard the RMS Titanic survived
+            #            or not based on differect factors. Use custom configuration 
+            #            file to customize different processes of AutoML Run. Define
+            #            performance threshold to acquire for the available models, and 
+            #            terminate training upon meeting the stipulated performance criteria.
+            
+            # Generate custom configuration file.
+            >>> AutoClassifier.generate_custom_config("custom_titanic")
+
+            # Create instance of AutoClassifier.
+            >>> automl_obj = AutoClassifier(verbose=2, 
+            >>>                     exclude="xgboost",
+            >>>                     stopping_metric="MICRO-F1",
+            >>>                     stopping_tolerance=0.7,
+            >>>                     custom_config_file="custom_titanic.json")
+            # Fit the data.
+            >>> automl_obj.fit(titanic, titanic.survived)
+ 
+            # Run predict with best performing model.
+            >>> prediction = automl_obj.predict()
+            >>> prediction
+
+            # Display leaderboard.
+            >>> automl_obj.leaderboard()
+
+            # Example 5 : Run AutoClassifier for classification problem with maximum runtime.
+            # Scenario : Predict the species of iris flower based on different factors.
+            #            Run AutoML to get the best performing model in specified time.
+
+            # Create instance of AutoClassifier.
+            >>> automl_obj = AutoClassifier(verbose=2, 
+            >>>                     exclude="xgboost",
+            >>>                     max_runtime_secs=500)
+            # Fit the data.
+            >>> automl_obj.fit(iris_input, iris_input.species)
+ 
+            # Run predict with best performing model.
+            >>> prediction = automl_obj.predict()
+            >>> prediction
+
+            # Run predict with second best performing model.
+            >>> prediction = automl_obj.predict(rank=2)
+            >>> prediction
+
+            # Display leaderboard.
+            >>> automl_obj.leaderboard()
+ 
+            # Display best performing model.
+            >>> automl_obj.leader()     
+        """
+        self.verbose = verbose
+        self.max_runtime_secs = max_runtime_secs
+        self.stopping_metric = stopping_metric
+        self.stopping_tolerance = stopping_tolerance
+        self.custom_config_file = custom_config_file
+        self.task_type = "Classification"
+        self.include = include
+        self.exclude = exclude
+        
+        super(AutoClassifier, self).__init__(task_type=self.task_type,
+                                            include = self.include,
+                                            exclude = self.exclude,
+                                            verbose=self.verbose,
+                                            max_runtime_secs=self.max_runtime_secs,
+                                            stopping_metric=self.stopping_metric, 
+                                            stopping_tolerance=self.stopping_tolerance,
+                                            custom_config_file=self.custom_config_file)