@gnsx/three 0.184.0

package/src/renderers/WebGLRenderer.js

@@ -0,0 +1,3699 @@
+import {
+	REVISION,
+	BackSide,
+	FrontSide,
+	DoubleSide,
+	HalfFloatType,
+	UnsignedByteType,
+	NoToneMapping,
+	LinearMipmapLinearFilter,
+	SRGBColorSpace,
+	RGBAIntegerFormat,
+	RGIntegerFormat,
+	RedIntegerFormat,
+	UnsignedIntType,
+	UnsignedShortType,
+	UnsignedInt248Type,
+	UnsignedShort4444Type,
+	UnsignedShort5551Type,
+	WebGLCoordinateSystem
+} from '../constants.js';
+import { Color } from '../math/Color.js';
+import { Frustum } from '../math/Frustum.js';
+import { Matrix4 } from '../math/Matrix4.js';
+import { Vector3 } from '../math/Vector3.js';
+import { Vector4 } from '../math/Vector4.js';
+import { WebGLAnimation } from './webgl/WebGLAnimation.js';
+import { WebGLAttributes } from './webgl/WebGLAttributes.js';
+import { WebGLBackground } from './webgl/WebGLBackground.js';
+import { WebGLBindingStates } from './webgl/WebGLBindingStates.js';
+import { WebGLBufferRenderer } from './webgl/WebGLBufferRenderer.js';
+import { WebGLCapabilities } from './webgl/WebGLCapabilities.js';
+import { WebGLClipping } from './webgl/WebGLClipping.js';
+import { WebGLEnvironments } from './webgl/WebGLEnvironments.js';
+import { WebGLExtensions } from './webgl/WebGLExtensions.js';
+import { WebGLGeometries } from './webgl/WebGLGeometries.js';
+import { WebGLIndexedBufferRenderer } from './webgl/WebGLIndexedBufferRenderer.js';
+import { WebGLInfo } from './webgl/WebGLInfo.js';
+import { WebGLMorphtargets } from './webgl/WebGLMorphtargets.js';
+import { WebGLObjects } from './webgl/WebGLObjects.js';
+import { WebGLOutput } from './webgl/WebGLOutput.js';
+import { WebGLPrograms } from './webgl/WebGLPrograms.js';
+import { WebGLProperties } from './webgl/WebGLProperties.js';
+import { WebGLRenderLists } from './webgl/WebGLRenderLists.js';
+import { WebGLRenderStates } from './webgl/WebGLRenderStates.js';
+import { WebGLRenderTarget } from './WebGLRenderTarget.js';
+import { WebGLShadowMap } from './webgl/WebGLShadowMap.js';
+import { WebGLState } from './webgl/WebGLState.js';
+import { WebGLTextures } from './webgl/WebGLTextures.js';
+import { WebGLUniforms } from './webgl/WebGLUniforms.js';
+import { WebGLUtils } from './webgl/WebGLUtils.js';
+import { WebXRManager } from './webxr/WebXRManager.js';
+import { WebGLMaterials } from './webgl/WebGLMaterials.js';
+import { WebGLUniformsGroups } from './webgl/WebGLUniformsGroups.js';
+import { createCanvasElement, probeAsync, error, warn, log } from '../utils.js';
+import { ColorManagement } from '../math/ColorManagement.js';
+import { getDFGLUT } from './shaders/DFGLUTData.js';
+
+/**
+ * This renderer uses WebGL 2 to display scenes.
+ *
+ * WebGL 1 is not supported since `r163`.
+ */
+class WebGLRenderer {
+
+	/**
+	 * Constructs a new WebGL renderer.
+	 *
+	 * @param {WebGLRenderer~Options} [parameters] - The configuration parameter.
+	 */
+	constructor( parameters = {} ) {
+
+		const {
+			canvas = createCanvasElement(),
+			context = null,
+			depth = true,
+			stencil = false,
+			alpha = false,
+			antialias = false,
+			premultipliedAlpha = true,
+			preserveDrawingBuffer = false,
+			powerPreference = 'default',
+			failIfMajorPerformanceCaveat = false,
+			reversedDepthBuffer = false,
+			outputBufferType = UnsignedByteType,
+		} = parameters;
+
+		/**
+		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
+		 *
+		 * @type {boolean}
+		 * @readonly
+		 * @default true
+		 */
+		this.isWebGLRenderer = true;
+
+		let _alpha;
+
+		if ( context !== null ) {
+
+			if ( typeof WebGLRenderingContext !== 'undefined' && context instanceof WebGLRenderingContext ) {
+
+				throw new Error( 'THREE.WebGLRenderer: WebGL 1 is not supported since r163.' );
+
+			}
+
+			_alpha = context.getContextAttributes().alpha;
+
+		} else {
+
+			_alpha = alpha;
+
+		}
+
+		const _outputBufferType = outputBufferType;
+
+		const INTEGER_FORMATS = new Set( [
+			RGBAIntegerFormat,
+			RGIntegerFormat,
+			RedIntegerFormat
+		] );
+
+		const UNSIGNED_TYPES = new Set( [
+			UnsignedByteType,
+			UnsignedIntType,
+			UnsignedShortType,
+			UnsignedInt248Type,
+			UnsignedShort4444Type,
+			UnsignedShort5551Type
+		] );
+
+		const uintClearColor = new Uint32Array( 4 );
+		const intClearColor = new Int32Array( 4 );
+		const objectPosition = new Vector3();
+
+		let currentRenderList = null;
+		let currentRenderState = null;
+
+		// render() can be called from within a callback triggered by another render.
+		// We track this so that the nested render call gets its list and state isolated from the parent render call.
+
+		const renderListStack = [];
+		const renderStateStack = [];
+
+		// internal render target for non-UnsignedByteType color buffer
+
+		let output = null;
+
+		// public properties
+
+		/**
+		 * A canvas where the renderer draws its output. This is automatically created by the renderer
+		 * in the constructor (if not provided already); you just need to add it to your page like so:
+		 * ```js
+		 * document.body.appendChild( renderer.domElement );
+		 * ```
+		 *
+		 * @type {HTMLCanvasElement|OffscreenCanvas}
+		 */
+		this.domElement = canvas;
+
+		/**
+		 * A object with debug configuration settings.
+		 *
+		 * - `checkShaderErrors`: If it is `true`, defines whether material shader programs are
+		 * checked for errors during compilation and linkage process. It may be useful to disable
+		 * this check in production for performance gain. It is strongly recommended to keep these
+		 * checks enabled during development. If the shader does not compile and link, it will not
+		 * work and associated material will not render.
+		 * - `onShaderError(gl, program, glVertexShader,glFragmentShader)`: A callback function that
+		 * can be used for custom error reporting. The callback receives the WebGL context, an instance
+		 * of WebGLProgram as well two instances of WebGLShader representing the vertex and fragment shader.
+		 * Assigning a custom function disables the default error reporting.
+		 *
+		 * @type {Object}
+		 */
+		this.debug = {
+
+			/**
+			 * Enables error checking and reporting when shader programs are being compiled.
+			 * @type {boolean}
+			 */
+			checkShaderErrors: true,
+			/**
+			 * Callback for custom error reporting.
+			 * @type {?Function}
+			 */
+			onShaderError: null
+		};
+
+		// clearing
+
+		/**
+		 * Whether the renderer should automatically clear its output before rendering a frame or not.
+		 *
+		 * @type {boolean}
+		 * @default true
+		 */
+		this.autoClear = true;
+
+		/**
+		 * If {@link WebGLRenderer#autoClear} set to `true`, whether the renderer should clear
+		 * the color buffer or not.
+		 *
+		 * @type {boolean}
+		 * @default true
+		 */
+		this.autoClearColor = true;
+
+		/**
+		 * If {@link WebGLRenderer#autoClear} set to `true`, whether the renderer should clear
+		 * the depth buffer or not.
+		 *
+		 * @type {boolean}
+		 * @default true
+		 */
+		this.autoClearDepth = true;
+
+		/**
+		 * If {@link WebGLRenderer#autoClear} set to `true`, whether the renderer should clear
+		 * the stencil buffer or not.
+		 *
+		 * @type {boolean}
+		 * @default true
+		 */
+		this.autoClearStencil = true;
+
+		// scene graph
+
+		/**
+		 * Whether the renderer should sort objects or not.
+		 *
+		 * Note: Sorting is used to attempt to properly render objects that have some
+		 * degree of transparency. By definition, sorting objects may not work in all
+		 * cases. Depending on the needs of application, it may be necessary to turn
+		 * off sorting and use other methods to deal with transparency rendering e.g.
+		 * manually determining each object's rendering order.
+		 *
+		 * @type {boolean}
+		 * @default true
+		 */
+		this.sortObjects = true;
+
+		// user-defined clipping
+
+		/**
+		 * User-defined clipping planes specified in world space. These planes apply globally.
+		 * Points in space whose dot product with the plane is negative are cut away.
+		 *
+		 * @type {Array<Plane>}
+		 */
+		this.clippingPlanes = [];
+
+		/**
+		 * Whether the renderer respects object-level clipping planes or not.
+		 *
+		 * @type {boolean}
+		 * @default false
+		 */
+		this.localClippingEnabled = false;
+
+		// tone mapping
+
+		/**
+		 * The tone mapping technique of the renderer.
+		 *
+		 * @type {(NoToneMapping|LinearToneMapping|ReinhardToneMapping|CineonToneMapping|ACESFilmicToneMapping|CustomToneMapping|AgXToneMapping|NeutralToneMapping)}
+		 * @default NoToneMapping
+		 */
+		this.toneMapping = NoToneMapping;
+
+		/**
+		 * Exposure level of tone mapping.
+		 *
+		 * @type {number}
+		 * @default 1
+		 */
+		this.toneMappingExposure = 1.0;
+
+		// transmission
+
+		/**
+		 * The normalized resolution scale for the transmission render target, measured in percentage
+		 * of viewport dimensions. Lowering this value can result in significant performance improvements
+		 * when using {@link MeshPhysicalMaterial#transmission}.
+		 *
+		 * @type {number}
+		 * @default 1
+		 */
+		this.transmissionResolutionScale = 1.0;
+
+		// internal properties
+
+		const _this = this;
+
+		let _isContextLost = false;
+		let _nodesHandler = null;
+
+		// internal state cache
+
+		this._outputColorSpace = SRGBColorSpace;
+
+		let _currentActiveCubeFace = 0;
+		let _currentActiveMipmapLevel = 0;
+		let _currentRenderTarget = null;
+		let _currentMaterialId = - 1;
+
+		let _currentCamera = null;
+
+		const _currentViewport = new Vector4();
+		const _currentScissor = new Vector4();
+		let _currentScissorTest = null;
+
+		const _currentClearColor = new Color( 0x000000 );
+		let _currentClearAlpha = 0;
+
+		//
+
+		let _width = canvas.width;
+		let _height = canvas.height;
+
+		let _pixelRatio = 1;
+		let _opaqueSort = null;
+		let _transparentSort = null;
+
+		const _viewport = new Vector4( 0, 0, _width, _height );
+		const _scissor = new Vector4( 0, 0, _width, _height );
+		let _scissorTest = false;
+
+		// frustum
+
+		const _frustum = new Frustum();
+
+		// clipping
+
+		let _clippingEnabled = false;
+		let _localClippingEnabled = false;
+
+		// camera matrices cache
+
+		const _projScreenMatrix = new Matrix4();
+
+		const _vector3 = new Vector3();
+
+		const _vector4 = new Vector4();
+
+		const _emptyScene = { background: null, fog: null, environment: null, overrideMaterial: null, isScene: true };
+
+		let _renderBackground = false;
+
+		function getTargetPixelRatio() {
+
+			return _currentRenderTarget === null ? _pixelRatio : 1;
+
+		}
+
+		// initialize
+
+		let _gl = context;
+
+		function getContext( contextName, contextAttributes ) {
+
+			return canvas.getContext( contextName, contextAttributes );
+
+		}
+
+		try {
+
+			const contextAttributes = {
+				alpha: true,
+				depth,
+				stencil,
+				antialias,
+				premultipliedAlpha,
+				preserveDrawingBuffer,
+				powerPreference,
+				failIfMajorPerformanceCaveat,
+			};
+
+			// OffscreenCanvas does not have setAttribute, see #22811
+			if ( 'setAttribute' in canvas ) canvas.setAttribute( 'data-engine', `three.js r${REVISION}` );
+
+			// event listeners must be registered before WebGL context is created, see #12753
+			canvas.addEventListener( 'webglcontextlost', onContextLost, false );
+			canvas.addEventListener( 'webglcontextrestored', onContextRestore, false );
+			canvas.addEventListener( 'webglcontextcreationerror', onContextCreationError, false );
+
+			if ( _gl === null ) {
+
+				const contextName = 'webgl2';
+
+				_gl = getContext( contextName, contextAttributes );
+
+				if ( _gl === null ) {
+
+					if ( getContext( contextName ) ) {
+
+						throw new Error( 'Error creating WebGL context with your selected attributes.' );
+
+					} else {
+
+						throw new Error( 'Error creating WebGL context.' );
+
+					}
+
+				}
+
+			}
+
+		} catch ( e ) {
+
+			error( 'WebGLRenderer: ' + e.message );
+			throw e;
+
+		}
+
+		let extensions, capabilities, state, info;
+		let properties, textures, environments, attributes, geometries, objects;
+		let programCache, materials, renderLists, renderStates, clipping, shadowMap;
+
+		let background, morphtargets, bufferRenderer, indexedBufferRenderer;
+
+		let utils, bindingStates, uniformsGroups;
+
+		function initGLContext() {
+
+			extensions = new WebGLExtensions( _gl );
+			extensions.init();
+
+			utils = new WebGLUtils( _gl, extensions );
+
+			capabilities = new WebGLCapabilities( _gl, extensions, parameters, utils );
+
+			state = new WebGLState( _gl, extensions );
+
+			if ( capabilities.reversedDepthBuffer && reversedDepthBuffer ) {
+
+				state.buffers.depth.setReversed( true );
+
+			}
+
+			info = new WebGLInfo( _gl );
+			properties = new WebGLProperties();
+			textures = new WebGLTextures( _gl, extensions, state, properties, capabilities, utils, info );
+			environments = new WebGLEnvironments( _this );
+			attributes = new WebGLAttributes( _gl );
+			bindingStates = new WebGLBindingStates( _gl, attributes );
+			geometries = new WebGLGeometries( _gl, attributes, info, bindingStates );
+			objects = new WebGLObjects( _gl, geometries, attributes, bindingStates, info );
+			morphtargets = new WebGLMorphtargets( _gl, capabilities, textures );
+			clipping = new WebGLClipping( properties );
+			programCache = new WebGLPrograms( _this, environments, extensions, capabilities, bindingStates, clipping );
+			materials = new WebGLMaterials( _this, properties );
+			renderLists = new WebGLRenderLists();
+			renderStates = new WebGLRenderStates( extensions );
+			background = new WebGLBackground( _this, environments, state, objects, _alpha, premultipliedAlpha );
+			shadowMap = new WebGLShadowMap( _this, objects, capabilities );
+			uniformsGroups = new WebGLUniformsGroups( _gl, info, capabilities, state );
+
+			bufferRenderer = new WebGLBufferRenderer( _gl, extensions, info );
+			indexedBufferRenderer = new WebGLIndexedBufferRenderer( _gl, extensions, info );
+
+			info.programs = programCache.programs;
+
+			/**
+			 * Holds details about the capabilities of the current rendering context.
+			 *
+			 * @name WebGLRenderer#capabilities
+			 * @type {WebGLRenderer~Capabilities}
+			 */
+			_this.capabilities = capabilities;
+
+			/**
+			 * Provides methods for retrieving and testing WebGL extensions.
+			 *
+			 * - `get(extensionName:string)`: Used to check whether a WebGL extension is supported
+			 * and return the extension object if available.
+			 * - `has(extensionName:string)`: returns `true` if the extension is supported.
+			 *
+			 * @name WebGLRenderer#extensions
+			 * @type {Object}
+			 */
+			_this.extensions = extensions;
+
+			/**
+			 * Used to track properties of other objects like native WebGL objects.
+			 *
+			 * @name WebGLRenderer#properties
+			 * @type {Object}
+			 */
+			_this.properties = properties;
+
+			/**
+			 * Manages the render lists of the renderer.
+			 *
+			 * @name WebGLRenderer#renderLists
+			 * @type {Object}
+			 */
+			_this.renderLists = renderLists;
+
+
+
+			/**
+			 * Interface for managing shadows.
+			 *
+			 * @name WebGLRenderer#shadowMap
+			 * @type {WebGLRenderer~ShadowMap}
+			 */
+			_this.shadowMap = shadowMap;
+
+			/**
+			 * Interface for managing the WebGL state.
+			 *
+			 * @name WebGLRenderer#state
+			 * @type {Object}
+			 */
+			_this.state = state;
+
+			/**
+			 * Holds a series of statistical information about the GPU memory
+			 * and the rendering process. Useful for debugging and monitoring.
+			 *
+			 * By default these data are reset at each render call but when having
+			 * multiple render passes per frame (e.g. when using post processing) it can
+			 * be preferred to reset with a custom pattern. First, set `autoReset` to
+			 * `false`.
+			 * ```js
+			 * renderer.info.autoReset = false;
+			 * ```
+			 * Call `reset()` whenever you have finished to render a single frame.
+			 * ```js
+			 * renderer.info.reset();
+			 * ```
+			 *
+			 * @name WebGLRenderer#info
+			 * @type {WebGLRenderer~Info}
+			 */
+			_this.info = info;
+
+		}
+
+		initGLContext();
+
+		// initialize internal render target for non-UnsignedByteType color buffer
+
+		if ( _outputBufferType !== UnsignedByteType ) {
+
+			output = new WebGLOutput( _outputBufferType, canvas.width, canvas.height, depth, stencil );
+
+		}
+
+		// xr
+
+		const xr = new WebXRManager( _this, _gl );
+
+		/**
+		 * A reference to the XR manager.
+		 *
+		 * @type {WebXRManager}
+		 */
+		this.xr = xr;
+
+		/**
+		 * Returns the rendering context.
+		 *
+		 * @return {WebGL2RenderingContext} The rendering context.
+		 */
+		this.getContext = function () {
+
+			return _gl;
+
+		};
+
+		/**
+		 * Returns the rendering context attributes.
+		 *
+		 * @return {WebGLContextAttributes} The rendering context attributes.
+		 */
+		this.getContextAttributes = function () {
+
+			return _gl.getContextAttributes();
+
+		};
+
+		/**
+		 * Simulates a loss of the WebGL context. This requires support for the `WEBGL_lose_context` extension.
+		 */
+		this.forceContextLoss = function () {
+
+			const extension = extensions.get( 'WEBGL_lose_context' );
+			if ( extension ) extension.loseContext();
+
+		};
+
+		/**
+		 * Simulates a restore of the WebGL context. This requires support for the `WEBGL_lose_context` extension.
+		 */
+		this.forceContextRestore = function () {
+
+			const extension = extensions.get( 'WEBGL_lose_context' );
+			if ( extension ) extension.restoreContext();
+
+		};
+
+		/**
+		 * Returns the pixel ratio.
+		 *
+		 * @return {number} The pixel ratio.
+		 */
+		this.getPixelRatio = function () {
+
+			return _pixelRatio;
+
+		};
+
+		/**
+		 * Sets the given pixel ratio and resizes the canvas if necessary.
+		 *
+		 * @param {number} value - The pixel ratio.
+		 */
+		this.setPixelRatio = function ( value ) {
+
+			if ( value === undefined ) return;
+
+			_pixelRatio = value;
+
+			this.setSize( _width, _height, false );
+
+		};
+
+		/**
+		 * Returns the renderer's size in logical pixels. This method does not honor the pixel ratio.
+		 *
+		 * @param {Vector2} target - The method writes the result in this target object.
+		 * @return {Vector2} The renderer's size in logical pixels.
+		 */
+		this.getSize = function ( target ) {
+
+			return target.set( _width, _height );
+
+		};
+
+		/**
+		 * Resizes the output canvas to (width, height) with device pixel ratio taken
+		 * into account, and also sets the viewport to fit that size, starting in (0,
+		 * 0). Setting `updateStyle` to false prevents any style changes to the output canvas.
+		 *
+		 * @param {number} width - The width in logical pixels.
+		 * @param {number} height - The height in logical pixels.
+		 * @param {boolean} [updateStyle=true] - Whether to update the `style` attribute of the canvas or not.
+		 */
+		this.setSize = function ( width, height, updateStyle = true ) {
+
+			if ( xr.isPresenting ) {
+
+				warn( 'WebGLRenderer: Can\'t change size while VR device is presenting.' );
+				return;
+
+			}
+
+			_width = width;
+			_height = height;
+
+			canvas.width = Math.floor( width * _pixelRatio );
+			canvas.height = Math.floor( height * _pixelRatio );
+
+			if ( updateStyle === true ) {
+
+				canvas.style.width = width + 'px';
+				canvas.style.height = height + 'px';
+
+			}
+
+			if ( output !== null ) {
+
+				output.setSize( canvas.width, canvas.height );
+
+			}
+
+			this.setViewport( 0, 0, width, height );
+
+		};
+
+		/**
+		 * Returns the drawing buffer size in physical pixels. This method honors the pixel ratio.
+		 *
+		 * @param {Vector2} target - The method writes the result in this target object.
+		 * @return {Vector2} The drawing buffer size.
+		 */
+		this.getDrawingBufferSize = function ( target ) {
+
+			return target.set( _width * _pixelRatio, _height * _pixelRatio ).floor();
+
+		};
+
+		/**
+		 * This method allows to define the drawing buffer size by specifying
+		 * width, height and pixel ratio all at once. The size of the drawing
+		 * buffer is computed with this formula:
+		 * ```js
+		 * size.x = width * pixelRatio;
+		 * size.y = height * pixelRatio;
+		 * ```
+		 *
+		 * @param {number} width - The width in logical pixels.
+		 * @param {number} height - The height in logical pixels.
+		 * @param {number} pixelRatio - The pixel ratio.
+		 */
+		this.setDrawingBufferSize = function ( width, height, pixelRatio ) {
+
+			_width = width;
+			_height = height;
+
+			_pixelRatio = pixelRatio;
+
+			canvas.width = Math.floor( width * pixelRatio );
+			canvas.height = Math.floor( height * pixelRatio );
+
+			this.setViewport( 0, 0, width, height );
+
+		};
+
+		/**
+		 * Sets the post-processing effects to be applied after rendering.
+		 *
+		 * @param {Array} effects - An array of post-processing effects.
+		 */
+		this.setEffects = function ( effects ) {
+
+			if ( _outputBufferType === UnsignedByteType ) {
+
+				error( 'THREE.WebGLRenderer: setEffects() requires outputBufferType set to HalfFloatType or FloatType.' );
+				return;
+
+			}
+
+			if ( effects ) {
+
+				for ( let i = 0; i < effects.length; i ++ ) {
+
+					if ( effects[ i ].isOutputPass === true ) {
+
+						warn( 'THREE.WebGLRenderer: OutputPass is not needed in setEffects(). Tone mapping and color space conversion are applied automatically.' );
+						break;
+
+					}
+
+				}
+
+			}
+
+			output.setEffects( effects || [] );
+
+		};
+
+		/**
+		 * Returns the current viewport definition.
+		 *
+		 * @param {Vector2} target - The method writes the result in this target object.
+		 * @return {Vector2} The current viewport definition.
+		 */
+		this.getCurrentViewport = function ( target ) {
+
+			return target.copy( _currentViewport );
+
+		};
+
+		/**
+		 * Returns the viewport definition.
+		 *
+		 * @param {Vector4} target - The method writes the result in this target object.
+		 * @return {Vector4} The viewport definition.
+		 */
+		this.getViewport = function ( target ) {
+
+			return target.copy( _viewport );
+
+		};
+
+		/**
+		 * Sets the viewport to render from `(x, y)` to `(x + width, y + height)`.
+		 *
+		 * @param {number | Vector4} x - The horizontal coordinate for the lower left corner of the viewport origin in logical pixel unit.
+		 * Or alternatively a four-component vector specifying all the parameters of the viewport.
+		 * @param {number} y - The vertical coordinate for the lower left corner of the viewport origin  in logical pixel unit.
+		 * @param {number} width - The width of the viewport in logical pixel unit.
+		 * @param {number} height - The height of the viewport in logical pixel unit.
+		 */
+		this.setViewport = function ( x, y, width, height ) {
+
+			if ( x.isVector4 ) {
+
+				_viewport.set( x.x, x.y, x.z, x.w );
+
+			} else {
+
+				_viewport.set( x, y, width, height );
+
+			}
+
+			state.viewport( _currentViewport.copy( _viewport ).multiplyScalar( _pixelRatio ).round() );
+
+		};
+
+		/**
+		 * Returns the scissor region.
+		 *
+		 * @param {Vector4} target - The method writes the result in this target object.
+		 * @return {Vector4} The scissor region.
+		 */
+		this.getScissor = function ( target ) {
+
+			return target.copy( _scissor );
+
+		};
+
+		/**
+		 * Sets the scissor region to render from `(x, y)` to `(x + width, y + height)`.
+		 *
+		 * @param {number | Vector4} x - The horizontal coordinate for the lower left corner of the scissor region origin in logical pixel unit.
+		 * Or alternatively a four-component vector specifying all the parameters of the scissor region.
+		 * @param {number} y - The vertical coordinate for the lower left corner of the scissor region origin  in logical pixel unit.
+		 * @param {number} width - The width of the scissor region in logical pixel unit.
+		 * @param {number} height - The height of the scissor region in logical pixel unit.
+		 */
+		this.setScissor = function ( x, y, width, height ) {
+
+			if ( x.isVector4 ) {
+
+				_scissor.set( x.x, x.y, x.z, x.w );
+
+			} else {
+
+				_scissor.set( x, y, width, height );
+
+			}
+
+			state.scissor( _currentScissor.copy( _scissor ).multiplyScalar( _pixelRatio ).round() );
+
+		};
+
+		/**
+		 * Returns `true` if the scissor test is enabled.
+		 *
+		 * @return {boolean} Whether the scissor test is enabled or not.
+		 */
+		this.getScissorTest = function () {
+
+			return _scissorTest;
+
+		};
+
+		/**
+		 * Enable or disable the scissor test. When this is enabled, only the pixels
+		 * within the defined scissor area will be affected by further renderer
+		 * actions.
+		 *
+		 * @param {boolean} boolean - Whether the scissor test is enabled or not.
+		 */
+		this.setScissorTest = function ( boolean ) {
+
+			state.setScissorTest( _scissorTest = boolean );
+
+		};
+
+		/**
+		 * Sets a custom opaque sort function for the render lists. Pass `null`
+		 * to use the default `painterSortStable` function.
+		 *
+		 * @param {?Function} method - The opaque sort function.
+		 */
+		this.setOpaqueSort = function ( method ) {
+
+			_opaqueSort = method;
+
+		};
+
+		/**
+		 * Sets a custom transparent sort function for the render lists. Pass `null`
+		 * to use the default `reversePainterSortStable` function.
+		 *
+		 * @param {?Function} method - The opaque sort function.
+		 */
+		this.setTransparentSort = function ( method ) {
+
+			_transparentSort = method;
+
+		};
+
+		// Clearing
+
+		/**
+		 * Returns the clear color.
+		 *
+		 * @param {Color} target - The method writes the result in this target object.
+		 * @return {Color} The clear color.
+		 */
+		this.getClearColor = function ( target ) {
+
+			return target.copy( background.getClearColor() );
+
+		};
+
+		/**
+		 * Sets the clear color and alpha.
+		 *
+		 * @param {Color} color - The clear color.
+		 * @param {number} [alpha=1] - The clear alpha.
+		 */
+		this.setClearColor = function () {
+
+			background.setClearColor( ...arguments );
+
+		};
+
+		/**
+		 * Returns the clear alpha. Ranges within `[0,1]`.
+		 *
+		 * @return {number} The clear alpha.
+		 */
+		this.getClearAlpha = function () {
+
+			return background.getClearAlpha();
+
+		};
+
+		/**
+		 * Sets the clear alpha.
+		 *
+		 * @param {number} alpha - The clear alpha.
+		 */
+		this.setClearAlpha = function () {
+
+			background.setClearAlpha( ...arguments );
+
+		};
+
+		/**
+		 * Tells the renderer to clear its color, depth or stencil drawing buffer(s).
+		 * This method initializes the buffers to the current clear color values.
+		 *
+		 * @param {boolean} [color=true] - Whether the color buffer should be cleared or not.
+		 * @param {boolean} [depth=true] - Whether the depth buffer should be cleared or not.
+		 * @param {boolean} [stencil=true] - Whether the stencil buffer should be cleared or not.
+		 */
+		this.clear = function ( color = true, depth = true, stencil = true ) {
+
+			let bits = 0;
+
+			if ( color ) {
+
+				// check if we're trying to clear an integer target
+				let isIntegerFormat = false;
+				if ( _currentRenderTarget !== null ) {
+
+					const targetFormat = _currentRenderTarget.texture.format;
+					isIntegerFormat = INTEGER_FORMATS.has( targetFormat );
+
+				}
+
+				// use the appropriate clear functions to clear the target if it's a signed
+				// or unsigned integer target
+				if ( isIntegerFormat ) {
+
+					const targetType = _currentRenderTarget.texture.type;
+					const isUnsignedType = UNSIGNED_TYPES.has( targetType );
+
+					const clearColor = background.getClearColor();
+					const a = background.getClearAlpha();
+					const r = clearColor.r;
+					const g = clearColor.g;
+					const b = clearColor.b;
+
+					if ( isUnsignedType ) {
+
+						uintClearColor[ 0 ] = r;
+						uintClearColor[ 1 ] = g;
+						uintClearColor[ 2 ] = b;
+						uintClearColor[ 3 ] = a;
+						_gl.clearBufferuiv( _gl.COLOR, 0, uintClearColor );
+
+					} else {
+
+						intClearColor[ 0 ] = r;
+						intClearColor[ 1 ] = g;
+						intClearColor[ 2 ] = b;
+						intClearColor[ 3 ] = a;
+						_gl.clearBufferiv( _gl.COLOR, 0, intClearColor );
+
+					}
+
+				} else {
+
+					bits |= _gl.COLOR_BUFFER_BIT;
+
+				}
+
+			}
+
+			if ( depth ) {
+
+				bits |= _gl.DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT;
+				this.state.buffers.depth.setMask( true );
+
+			}
+
+			if ( stencil ) {
+
+				bits |= _gl.STENCIL_BUFFER_BIT;
+				this.state.buffers.stencil.setMask( 0xffffffff );
+
+			}
+
+			if ( bits !== 0 ) {
+
+				_gl.clear( bits );
+
+			}
+
+		};
+
+		/**
+		 * Clears the color buffer. Equivalent to calling `renderer.clear( true, false, false )`.
+		 */
+		this.clearColor = function () {
+
+			this.clear( true, false, false );
+
+		};
+
+		/**
+		 * Clears the depth buffer. Equivalent to calling `renderer.clear( false, true, false )`.
+		 */
+		this.clearDepth = function () {
+
+			this.clear( false, true, false );
+
+		};
+
+		/**
+		 * Clears the stencil buffer. Equivalent to calling `renderer.clear( false, false, true )`.
+		 */
+		this.clearStencil = function () {
+
+			this.clear( false, false, true );
+
+		};
+
+		/**
+		 * Sets a compatibility node builder for rendering node materials with WebGLRenderer.
+		 * This enables using TSL (Three.js Shading Language) node materials to prepare
+		 * for migration to WebGPURenderer.
+		 *
+		 * @param {WebGLNodesHandler} nodesHandler - The node builder instance.
+		 */
+		this.setNodesHandler = function ( nodesHandler ) {
+
+			nodesHandler.setRenderer( this );
+			_nodesHandler = nodesHandler;
+
+		};
+
+		/**
+		 * Frees the GPU-related resources allocated by this instance. Call this
+		 * method whenever this instance is no longer used in your app.
+		 */
+		this.dispose = function () {
+
+			canvas.removeEventListener( 'webglcontextlost', onContextLost, false );
+			canvas.removeEventListener( 'webglcontextrestored', onContextRestore, false );
+			canvas.removeEventListener( 'webglcontextcreationerror', onContextCreationError, false );
+
+			background.dispose();
+			renderLists.dispose();
+			renderStates.dispose();
+			properties.dispose();
+			environments.dispose();
+			objects.dispose();
+			bindingStates.dispose();
+			uniformsGroups.dispose();
+			programCache.dispose();
+
+			xr.dispose();
+
+			xr.removeEventListener( 'sessionstart', onXRSessionStart );
+			xr.removeEventListener( 'sessionend', onXRSessionEnd );
+
+			animation.stop();
+
+		};
+
+		// Events
+
+		function onContextLost( event ) {
+
+			event.preventDefault();
+
+			log( 'WebGLRenderer: Context Lost.' );
+
+			_isContextLost = true;
+
+		}
+
+		function onContextRestore( /* event */ ) {
+
+			log( 'WebGLRenderer: Context Restored.' );
+
+			_isContextLost = false;
+
+			const infoAutoReset = info.autoReset;
+			const shadowMapEnabled = shadowMap.enabled;
+			const shadowMapAutoUpdate = shadowMap.autoUpdate;
+			const shadowMapNeedsUpdate = shadowMap.needsUpdate;
+			const shadowMapType = shadowMap.type;
+
+			initGLContext();
+
+			info.autoReset = infoAutoReset;
+			shadowMap.enabled = shadowMapEnabled;
+			shadowMap.autoUpdate = shadowMapAutoUpdate;
+			shadowMap.needsUpdate = shadowMapNeedsUpdate;
+			shadowMap.type = shadowMapType;
+
+		}
+
+		function onContextCreationError( event ) {
+
+			error( 'WebGLRenderer: A WebGL context could not be created. Reason: ', event.statusMessage );
+
+		}
+
+		function onMaterialDispose( event ) {
+
+			const material = event.target;
+
+			material.removeEventListener( 'dispose', onMaterialDispose );
+
+			deallocateMaterial( material );
+
+		}
+
+		// Buffer deallocation
+
+		function deallocateMaterial( material ) {
+
+			releaseMaterialProgramReferences( material );
+
+			properties.remove( material );
+
+		}
+
+
+		function releaseMaterialProgramReferences( material ) {
+
+			const programs = properties.get( material ).programs;
+
+			if ( programs !== undefined ) {
+
+				programs.forEach( function ( program ) {
+
+					programCache.releaseProgram( program );
+
+				} );
+
+				if ( material.isShaderMaterial ) {
+
+					programCache.releaseShaderCache( material );
+
+				}
+
+			}
+
+		}
+
+		// Buffer rendering
+
+		this.renderBufferDirect = function ( camera, scene, geometry, material, object, group ) {
+
+			if ( scene === null ) scene = _emptyScene; // renderBufferDirect second parameter used to be fog (could be null)
+
+			const frontFaceCW = ( object.isMesh && object.matrixWorld.determinant() < 0 );
+
+			const program = setProgram( camera, scene, geometry, material, object );
+
+			state.setMaterial( material, frontFaceCW );
+
+			//
+
+			let index = geometry.index;
+			let rangeFactor = 1;
+
+			if ( material.wireframe === true ) {
+
+				index = geometries.getWireframeAttribute( geometry );
+
+				if ( index === undefined ) return;
+
+				rangeFactor = 2;
+
+			}
+
+			//
+
+			const drawRange = geometry.drawRange;
+			const position = geometry.attributes.position;
+
+			let drawStart = drawRange.start * rangeFactor;
+			let drawEnd = ( drawRange.start + drawRange.count ) * rangeFactor;
+
+			if ( group !== null ) {
+
+				drawStart = Math.max( drawStart, group.start * rangeFactor );
+				drawEnd = Math.min( drawEnd, ( group.start + group.count ) * rangeFactor );
+
+			}
+
+			if ( index !== null ) {
+
+				drawStart = Math.max( drawStart, 0 );
+				drawEnd = Math.min( drawEnd, index.count );
+
+			} else if ( position !== undefined && position !== null ) {
+
+				drawStart = Math.max( drawStart, 0 );
+				drawEnd = Math.min( drawEnd, position.count );
+
+			}
+
+			const drawCount = drawEnd - drawStart;
+
+			if ( drawCount < 0 || drawCount === Infinity ) return;
+
+			//
+
+			bindingStates.setup( object, material, program, geometry, index );
+
+			let attribute;
+			let renderer = bufferRenderer;
+
+			if ( index !== null ) {
+
+				attribute = attributes.get( index );
+
+				renderer = indexedBufferRenderer;
+				renderer.setIndex( attribute );
+
+			}
+
+			//
+
+			if ( object.isMesh ) {
+
+				if ( material.wireframe === true ) {
+
+					state.setLineWidth( material.wireframeLinewidth * getTargetPixelRatio() );
+					renderer.setMode( _gl.LINES );
+
+				} else {
+
+					renderer.setMode( _gl.TRIANGLES );
+
+				}
+
+			} else if ( object.isLine ) {
+
+				let lineWidth = material.linewidth;
+
+				if ( lineWidth === undefined ) lineWidth = 1; // Not using Line*Material
+
+				state.setLineWidth( lineWidth * getTargetPixelRatio() );
+
+				if ( object.isLineSegments ) {
+
+					renderer.setMode( _gl.LINES );
+
+				} else if ( object.isLineLoop ) {
+
+					renderer.setMode( _gl.LINE_LOOP );
+
+				} else {
+
+					renderer.setMode( _gl.LINE_STRIP );
+
+				}
+
+			} else if ( object.isPoints ) {
+
+				renderer.setMode( _gl.POINTS );
+
+			} else if ( object.isSprite ) {
+
+				renderer.setMode( _gl.TRIANGLES );
+
+			}
+
+			if ( object.isBatchedMesh ) {
+
+				if ( ! extensions.get( 'WEBGL_multi_draw' ) ) {
+
+					const starts = object._multiDrawStarts;
+					const counts = object._multiDrawCounts;
+					const drawCount = object._multiDrawCount;
+					const bytesPerElement = index ? attributes.get( index ).bytesPerElement : 1;
+					const uniforms = properties.get( material ).currentProgram.getUniforms();
+					for ( let i = 0; i < drawCount; i ++ ) {
+
+						uniforms.setValue( _gl, '_gl_DrawID', i );
+						renderer.render( starts[ i ] / bytesPerElement, counts[ i ] );
+
+					}
+
+				} else {
+
+					renderer.renderMultiDraw( object._multiDrawStarts, object._multiDrawCounts, object._multiDrawCount );
+
+				}
+
+			} else if ( object.isInstancedMesh ) {
+
+				renderer.renderInstances( drawStart, drawCount, object.count );
+
+			} else if ( geometry.isInstancedBufferGeometry ) {
+
+				const maxInstanceCount = geometry._maxInstanceCount !== undefined ? geometry._maxInstanceCount : Infinity;
+				const instanceCount = Math.min( geometry.instanceCount, maxInstanceCount );
+
+				renderer.renderInstances( drawStart, drawCount, instanceCount );
+
+			} else {
+
+				renderer.render( drawStart, drawCount );
+
+			}
+
+		};
+
+		// Compile
+
+		function prepareMaterial( material, scene, object ) {
+
+			if ( material.transparent === true && material.side === DoubleSide && material.forceSinglePass === false ) {
+
+				material.side = BackSide;
+				material.needsUpdate = true;
+				getProgram( material, scene, object );
+
+				material.side = FrontSide;
+				material.needsUpdate = true;
+				getProgram( material, scene, object );
+
+				material.side = DoubleSide;
+
+			} else {
+
+				getProgram( material, scene, object );
+
+			}
+
+		}
+
+		/**
+		 * Compiles all materials in the scene with the camera. This is useful to precompile shaders
+		 * before the first rendering. If you want to add a 3D object to an existing scene, use the third
+		 * optional parameter for applying the target scene.
+		 *
+		 * Note that the (target) scene's lighting and environment must be configured before calling this method.
+		 *
+		 * @param {Object3D} scene - The scene or another type of 3D object to precompile.
+		 * @param {Camera} camera - The camera.
+		 * @param {?Scene} [targetScene=null] - The target scene.
+		 * @return {Set<Material>} The precompiled materials.
+		 */
+		this.compile = function ( scene, camera, targetScene = null ) {
+
+			if ( targetScene === null ) targetScene = scene;
+
+			currentRenderState = renderStates.get( targetScene );
+			currentRenderState.init( camera );
+
+			renderStateStack.push( currentRenderState );
+
+			// gather lights from both the target scene and the new object that will be added to the scene.
+
+			targetScene.traverseVisible( function ( object ) {
+
+				if ( object.isLight && object.layers.test( camera.layers ) ) {
+
+					currentRenderState.pushLight( object );
+
+					if ( object.castShadow ) {
+
+						currentRenderState.pushShadow( object );
+
+					}
+
+				}
+
+			} );
+
+			if ( scene !== targetScene ) {
+
+				scene.traverseVisible( function ( object ) {
+
+					if ( object.isLight && object.layers.test( camera.layers ) ) {
+
+						currentRenderState.pushLight( object );
+
+						if ( object.castShadow ) {
+
+							currentRenderState.pushShadow( object );
+
+						}
+
+					}
+
+				} );
+
+			}
+
+			currentRenderState.setupLights();
+
+			// Only initialize materials in the new scene, not the targetScene.
+
+			const materials = new Set();
+
+			scene.traverse( function ( object ) {
+
+				if ( ! ( object.isMesh || object.isPoints || object.isLine || object.isSprite ) ) {
+
+					return;
+
+				}
+
+				const material = object.material;
+
+				if ( material ) {
+
+					if ( Array.isArray( material ) ) {
+
+						for ( let i = 0; i < material.length; i ++ ) {
+
+							const material2 = material[ i ];
+
+							prepareMaterial( material2, targetScene, object );
+							materials.add( material2 );
+
+						}
+
+					} else {
+
+						prepareMaterial( material, targetScene, object );
+						materials.add( material );
+
+					}
+
+				}
+
+			} );
+
+			currentRenderState = renderStateStack.pop();
+
+			return materials;
+
+		};
+
+		// compileAsync
+
+		/**
+		 * Asynchronous version of {@link WebGLRenderer#compile}.
+		 *
+		 * This method makes use of the `KHR_parallel_shader_compile` WebGL extension. Hence,
+		 * it is recommended to use this version of `compile()` whenever possible.
+		 *
+		 * @async
+		 * @param {Object3D} scene - The scene or another type of 3D object to precompile.
+		 * @param {Camera} camera - The camera.
+		 * @param {?Scene} [targetScene=null] - The target scene.
+		 * @return {Promise} A Promise that resolves when the given scene can be rendered without unnecessary stalling due to shader compilation.
+		 */
+		this.compileAsync = function ( scene, camera, targetScene = null ) {
+
+			const materials = this.compile( scene, camera, targetScene );
+
+			// Wait for all the materials in the new object to indicate that they're
+			// ready to be used before resolving the promise.
+
+			return new Promise( ( resolve ) => {
+
+				function checkMaterialsReady() {
+
+					materials.forEach( function ( material ) {
+
+						const materialProperties = properties.get( material );
+						const program = materialProperties.currentProgram;
+
+						if ( program.isReady() ) {
+
+							// remove any programs that report they're ready to use from the list
+							materials.delete( material );
+
+						}
+
+					} );
+
+					// once the list of compiling materials is empty, call the callback
+
+					if ( materials.size === 0 ) {
+
+						resolve( scene );
+						return;
+
+					}
+
+					// if some materials are still not ready, wait a bit and check again
+
+					setTimeout( checkMaterialsReady, 10 );
+
+				}
+
+				if ( extensions.get( 'KHR_parallel_shader_compile' ) !== null ) {
+
+					// If we can check the compilation status of the materials without
+					// blocking then do so right away.
+
+					checkMaterialsReady();
+
+				} else {
+
+					// Otherwise start by waiting a bit to give the materials we just
+					// initialized a chance to finish.
+
+					setTimeout( checkMaterialsReady, 10 );
+
+				}
+
+			} );
+
+		};
+
+		// Animation Loop
+
+		let onAnimationFrameCallback = null;
+
+		function onAnimationFrame( time ) {
+
+			if ( onAnimationFrameCallback ) onAnimationFrameCallback( time );
+
+		}
+
+		function onXRSessionStart() {
+
+			animation.stop();
+
+		}
+
+		function onXRSessionEnd() {
+
+			animation.start();
+
+		}
+
+		const animation = new WebGLAnimation();
+		animation.setAnimationLoop( onAnimationFrame );
+
+		if ( typeof self !== 'undefined' ) animation.setContext( self );
+
+		/**
+		 * Applications are advised to always define the animation loop
+		 * with this method and not manually with `requestAnimationFrame()`
+		 * for best compatibility.
+		 *
+		 * @param {?onAnimationCallback} callback - The application's animation loop.
+		 */
+		this.setAnimationLoop = function ( callback ) {
+
+			onAnimationFrameCallback = callback;
+			xr.setAnimationLoop( callback );
+
+			( callback === null ) ? animation.stop() : animation.start();
+
+		};
+
+		xr.addEventListener( 'sessionstart', onXRSessionStart );
+		xr.addEventListener( 'sessionend', onXRSessionEnd );
+
+		// Rendering
+
+		/**
+		 * Renders the given scene (or other type of 3D object) using the given camera.
+		 *
+		 * The render is done to a previously specified render target set by calling {@link WebGLRenderer#setRenderTarget}
+		 * or to the canvas as usual.
+		 *
+		 * By default render buffers are cleared before rendering but you can prevent
+		 * this by setting the property `autoClear` to `false`. If you want to prevent
+		 * only certain buffers being cleared you can `autoClearColor`, `autoClearDepth`
+		 * or `autoClearStencil` to `false`. To force a clear, use {@link WebGLRenderer#clear}.
+		 *
+		 * @param {Object3D} scene - The scene to render.
+		 * @param {Camera} camera - The camera.
+		 */
+		this.render = function ( scene, camera ) {
+
+			if ( camera !== undefined && camera.isCamera !== true ) {
+
+				error( 'WebGLRenderer.render: camera is not an instance of THREE.Camera.' );
+				return;
+
+			}
+
+			if ( _isContextLost === true ) return;
+
+			// update node builder if available
+			if ( _nodesHandler !== null ) {
+
+				_nodesHandler.renderStart( scene, camera );
+
+			}
+
+			// use internal render target for HalfFloatType color buffer (only when tone mapping is enabled)
+
+			const isXRPresenting = xr.enabled === true && xr.isPresenting === true;
+
+			const useOutput = output !== null && ( _currentRenderTarget === null || isXRPresenting ) && output.begin( _this, _currentRenderTarget );
+
+			// update scene graph
+
+			if ( scene.matrixWorldAutoUpdate === true ) scene.updateMatrixWorld();
+
+			// update camera matrices and frustum
+
+			if ( camera.parent === null && camera.matrixWorldAutoUpdate === true ) camera.updateMatrixWorld();
+
+			if ( xr.enabled === true && xr.isPresenting === true && ( output === null || output.isCompositing() === false ) ) {
+
+				if ( xr.cameraAutoUpdate === true ) xr.updateCamera( camera );
+
+				camera = xr.getCamera(); // use XR camera for rendering
+
+			}
+
+			//
+			if ( scene.isScene === true ) scene.onBeforeRender( _this, scene, camera, _currentRenderTarget );
+
+			currentRenderState = renderStates.get( scene, renderStateStack.length );
+			currentRenderState.init( camera );
+
+			currentRenderState.state.textureUnits = textures.getTextureUnits();
+			renderStateStack.push( currentRenderState );
+
+			_projScreenMatrix.multiplyMatrices( camera.projectionMatrix, camera.matrixWorldInverse );
+			_frustum.setFromProjectionMatrix( _projScreenMatrix, WebGLCoordinateSystem, camera.reversedDepth );
+
+			_localClippingEnabled = this.localClippingEnabled;
+			_clippingEnabled = clipping.init( this.clippingPlanes, _localClippingEnabled );
+
+			currentRenderList = renderLists.get( scene, renderListStack.length );
+			currentRenderList.init();
+
+			renderListStack.push( currentRenderList );
+
+			if ( xr.enabled === true && xr.isPresenting === true ) {
+
+				const depthSensingMesh = _this.xr.getDepthSensingMesh();
+
+				if ( depthSensingMesh !== null ) {
+
+					projectObject( depthSensingMesh, camera, - Infinity, _this.sortObjects );
+
+				}
+
+			}
+
+			projectObject( scene, camera, 0, _this.sortObjects );
+
+			currentRenderList.finish();
+
+			if ( _this.sortObjects === true ) {
+
+				currentRenderList.sort( _opaqueSort, _transparentSort );
+
+			}
+
+			_renderBackground = xr.enabled === false || xr.isPresenting === false || xr.hasDepthSensing() === false;
+			if ( _renderBackground ) {
+
+				background.addToRenderList( currentRenderList, scene );
+
+			}
+
+			//
+
+			this.info.render.frame ++;
+
+			if ( _clippingEnabled === true ) clipping.beginShadows();
+
+			const shadowsArray = currentRenderState.state.shadowsArray;
+
+			shadowMap.render( shadowsArray, scene, camera );
+
+			if ( _clippingEnabled === true ) clipping.endShadows();
+
+			//
+
+			if ( this.info.autoReset === true ) this.info.reset();
+
+			// render scene (skip if first effect is a render pass - it will render the scene itself)
+
+			const skipSceneRender = useOutput && output.hasRenderPass();
+
+			if ( skipSceneRender === false ) {
+
+				const opaqueObjects = currentRenderList.opaque;
+				const transmissiveObjects = currentRenderList.transmissive;
+
+				currentRenderState.setupLights();
+
+				if ( camera.isArrayCamera ) {
+
+					const cameras = camera.cameras;
+
+					if ( transmissiveObjects.length > 0 ) {
+
+						for ( let i = 0, l = cameras.length; i < l; i ++ ) {
+
+							const camera2 = cameras[ i ];
+
+							renderTransmissionPass( opaqueObjects, transmissiveObjects, scene, camera2 );
+
+						}
+
+					}
+
+					if ( _renderBackground ) background.render( scene );
+
+					for ( let i = 0, l = cameras.length; i < l; i ++ ) {
+
+						const camera2 = cameras[ i ];
+
+						renderScene( currentRenderList, scene, camera2, camera2.viewport );
+
+					}
+
+				} else {
+
+					if ( transmissiveObjects.length > 0 ) renderTransmissionPass( opaqueObjects, transmissiveObjects, scene, camera );
+
+					if ( _renderBackground ) background.render( scene );
+
+					renderScene( currentRenderList, scene, camera );
+
+				}
+
+			}
+
+			//
+
+			if ( _currentRenderTarget !== null && _currentActiveMipmapLevel === 0 ) {
+
+				// resolve multisample renderbuffers to a single-sample texture if necessary
+
+				textures.updateMultisampleRenderTarget( _currentRenderTarget );
+
+				// Generate mipmap if we're using any kind of mipmap filtering
+
+				textures.updateRenderTargetMipmap( _currentRenderTarget );
+
+			}
+
+			// copy from internal render target to canvas using fullscreen quad
+
+			if ( useOutput ) {
+
+				output.end( _this );
+
+			}
+
+			//
+
+			if ( scene.isScene === true ) scene.onAfterRender( _this, scene, camera );
+
+			// _gl.finish();
+
+			bindingStates.resetDefaultState();
+			_currentMaterialId = - 1;
+			_currentCamera = null;
+
+			renderStateStack.pop();
+
+			if ( renderStateStack.length > 0 ) {
+
+				currentRenderState = renderStateStack[ renderStateStack.length - 1 ];
+
+				textures.setTextureUnits( currentRenderState.state.textureUnits );
+
+				if ( _clippingEnabled === true ) clipping.setGlobalState( _this.clippingPlanes, currentRenderState.state.camera );
+
+			} else {
+
+				currentRenderState = null;
+
+			}
+
+			renderListStack.pop();
+
+			if ( renderListStack.length > 0 ) {
+
+				currentRenderList = renderListStack[ renderListStack.length - 1 ];
+
+			} else {
+
+				currentRenderList = null;
+
+			}
+
+			if ( _nodesHandler !== null ) {
+
+				_nodesHandler.renderEnd();
+
+			}
+
+		};
+
+		function projectObject( object, camera, groupOrder, sortObjects ) {
+
+			if ( object.visible === false ) return;
+
+			const visible = object.layers.test( camera.layers );
+
+			if ( visible ) {
+
+				if ( object.isGroup ) {
+
+					groupOrder = object.renderOrder;
+
+				} else if ( object.isLOD ) {
+
+					if ( object.autoUpdate === true ) object.update( camera );
+
+				} else if ( object.isLightProbeGrid ) {
+
+					currentRenderState.pushLightProbeGrid( object );
+
+				} else if ( object.isLight ) {
+
+					currentRenderState.pushLight( object );
+
+					if ( object.castShadow ) {
+
+						currentRenderState.pushShadow( object );
+
+					}
+
+				} else if ( object.isSprite ) {
+
+					if ( ! object.frustumCulled || _frustum.intersectsSprite( object ) ) {
+
+						if ( sortObjects ) {
+
+							_vector4.setFromMatrixPosition( object.matrixWorld )
+								.applyMatrix4( _projScreenMatrix );
+
+						}
+
+						const geometry = objects.update( object );
+						const material = object.material;
+
+						if ( material.visible ) {
+
+							currentRenderList.push( object, geometry, material, groupOrder, _vector4.z, null );
+
+						}
+
+					}
+
+				} else if ( object.isMesh || object.isLine || object.isPoints ) {
+
+					if ( ! object.frustumCulled || _frustum.intersectsObject( object ) ) {
+
+						const geometry = objects.update( object );
+						const material = object.material;
+
+						if ( sortObjects ) {
+
+							if ( object.boundingSphere !== undefined ) {
+
+								if ( object.boundingSphere === null ) object.computeBoundingSphere();
+								_vector4.copy( object.boundingSphere.center );
+
+							} else {
+
+								if ( geometry.boundingSphere === null ) geometry.computeBoundingSphere();
+								_vector4.copy( geometry.boundingSphere.center );
+
+							}
+
+							_vector4
+								.applyMatrix4( object.matrixWorld )
+								.applyMatrix4( _projScreenMatrix );
+
+						}
+
+						if ( Array.isArray( material ) ) {
+
+							const groups = geometry.groups;
+
+							for ( let i = 0, l = groups.length; i < l; i ++ ) {
+
+								const group = groups[ i ];
+								const groupMaterial = material[ group.materialIndex ];
+
+								if ( groupMaterial && groupMaterial.visible ) {
+
+									currentRenderList.push( object, geometry, groupMaterial, groupOrder, _vector4.z, group );
+
+								}
+
+							}
+
+						} else if ( material.visible ) {
+
+							currentRenderList.push( object, geometry, material, groupOrder, _vector4.z, null );
+
+						}
+
+					}
+
+				}
+
+			}
+
+			const children = object.children;
+
+			for ( let i = 0, l = children.length; i < l; i ++ ) {
+
+				projectObject( children[ i ], camera, groupOrder, sortObjects );
+
+			}
+
+		}
+
+		function renderScene( currentRenderList, scene, camera, viewport ) {
+
+			const { opaque: opaqueObjects, transmissive: transmissiveObjects, transparent: transparentObjects } = currentRenderList;
+
+			currentRenderState.setupLightsView( camera );
+
+			if ( _clippingEnabled === true ) clipping.setGlobalState( _this.clippingPlanes, camera );
+
+			if ( viewport ) state.viewport( _currentViewport.copy( viewport ) );
+
+			if ( opaqueObjects.length > 0 ) renderObjects( opaqueObjects, scene, camera );
+			if ( transmissiveObjects.length > 0 ) renderObjects( transmissiveObjects, scene, camera );
+			if ( transparentObjects.length > 0 ) renderObjects( transparentObjects, scene, camera );
+
+			// Ensure depth buffer writing is enabled so it can be cleared on next render
+
+			state.buffers.depth.setTest( true );
+			state.buffers.depth.setMask( true );
+			state.buffers.color.setMask( true );
+
+			state.setPolygonOffset( false );
+
+		}
+
+		function renderTransmissionPass( opaqueObjects, transmissiveObjects, scene, camera ) {
+
+			const overrideMaterial = scene.isScene === true ? scene.overrideMaterial : null;
+
+			if ( overrideMaterial !== null ) {
+
+				return;
+
+			}
+
+			if ( currentRenderState.state.transmissionRenderTarget[ camera.id ] === undefined ) {
+
+				const hasHalfFloatSupport = extensions.has( 'EXT_color_buffer_half_float' ) || extensions.has( 'EXT_color_buffer_float' );
+
+				currentRenderState.state.transmissionRenderTarget[ camera.id ] = new WebGLRenderTarget( 1, 1, {
+					generateMipmaps: true,
+					type: hasHalfFloatSupport ? HalfFloatType : UnsignedByteType,
+					minFilter: LinearMipmapLinearFilter,
+					samples: Math.max( 4, capabilities.samples ), // to avoid feedback loops, the transmission render target requires a resolve, see #26177
+					stencilBuffer: stencil,
+					resolveDepthBuffer: false,
+					resolveStencilBuffer: false,
+					colorSpace: ColorManagement.workingColorSpace,
+				} );
+
+				// debug
+
+				/*
+				const geometry = new PlaneGeometry();
+				const material = new MeshBasicMaterial( { map: _transmissionRenderTarget.texture } );
+
+				const mesh = new Mesh( geometry, material );
+				scene.add( mesh );
+				*/
+
+			}
+
+			const transmissionRenderTarget = currentRenderState.state.transmissionRenderTarget[ camera.id ];
+
+			const activeViewport = camera.viewport || _currentViewport;
+			transmissionRenderTarget.setSize( activeViewport.z * _this.transmissionResolutionScale, activeViewport.w * _this.transmissionResolutionScale );
+
+			//
+
+			const currentRenderTarget = _this.getRenderTarget();
+			const currentActiveCubeFace = _this.getActiveCubeFace();
+			const currentActiveMipmapLevel = _this.getActiveMipmapLevel();
+
+			_this.setRenderTarget( transmissionRenderTarget );
+
+			_this.getClearColor( _currentClearColor );
+			_currentClearAlpha = _this.getClearAlpha();
+			if ( _currentClearAlpha < 1 ) _this.setClearColor( 0xffffff, 0.5 );
+
+			_this.clear();
+
+			if ( _renderBackground ) background.render( scene );
+
+			// Turn off the features which can affect the frag color for opaque objects pass.
+			// Otherwise they are applied twice in opaque objects pass and transmission objects pass.
+			const currentToneMapping = _this.toneMapping;
+			_this.toneMapping = NoToneMapping;
+
+			// Remove viewport from camera to avoid nested render calls resetting viewport to it (e.g Reflector).
+			// Transmission render pass requires viewport to match the transmissionRenderTarget.
+			const currentCameraViewport = camera.viewport;
+			if ( camera.viewport !== undefined ) camera.viewport = undefined;
+
+			currentRenderState.setupLightsView( camera );
+
+			if ( _clippingEnabled === true ) clipping.setGlobalState( _this.clippingPlanes, camera );
+
+			renderObjects( opaqueObjects, scene, camera );
+
+			textures.updateMultisampleRenderTarget( transmissionRenderTarget );
+			textures.updateRenderTargetMipmap( transmissionRenderTarget );
+
+			if ( extensions.has( 'WEBGL_multisampled_render_to_texture' ) === false ) { // see #28131
+
+				let renderTargetNeedsUpdate = false;
+
+				for ( let i = 0, l = transmissiveObjects.length; i < l; i ++ ) {
+
+					const renderItem = transmissiveObjects[ i ];
+
+					const { object, geometry, material, group } = renderItem;
+
+					if ( material.side === DoubleSide && object.layers.test( camera.layers ) ) {
+
+						const currentSide = material.side;
+
+						material.side = BackSide;
+						material.needsUpdate = true;
+
+						renderObject( object, scene, camera, geometry, material, group );
+
+						material.side = currentSide;
+						material.needsUpdate = true;
+
+						renderTargetNeedsUpdate = true;
+
+					}
+
+				}
+
+				if ( renderTargetNeedsUpdate === true ) {
+
+					textures.updateMultisampleRenderTarget( transmissionRenderTarget );
+					textures.updateRenderTargetMipmap( transmissionRenderTarget );
+
+				}
+
+			}
+
+			_this.setRenderTarget( currentRenderTarget, currentActiveCubeFace, currentActiveMipmapLevel );
+
+			_this.setClearColor( _currentClearColor, _currentClearAlpha );
+
+			if ( currentCameraViewport !== undefined ) camera.viewport = currentCameraViewport;
+
+			_this.toneMapping = currentToneMapping;
+
+		}
+
+		function renderObjects( renderList, scene, camera ) {
+
+			const overrideMaterial = scene.isScene === true ? scene.overrideMaterial : null;
+
+			for ( let i = 0, l = renderList.length; i < l; i ++ ) {
+
+				const renderItem = renderList[ i ];
+
+				const { object, geometry, group } = renderItem;
+				let material = renderItem.material;
+
+				if ( material.allowOverride === true && overrideMaterial !== null ) {
+
+					material = overrideMaterial;
+
+				}
+
+				if ( object.layers.test( camera.layers ) ) {
+
+					renderObject( object, scene, camera, geometry, material, group );
+
+				}
+
+			}
+
+		}
+
+		function renderObject( object, scene, camera, geometry, material, group ) {
+
+			object.onBeforeRender( _this, scene, camera, geometry, material, group );
+
+			object.modelViewMatrix.multiplyMatrices( camera.matrixWorldInverse, object.matrixWorld );
+			object.normalMatrix.getNormalMatrix( object.modelViewMatrix );
+
+			material.onBeforeRender( _this, scene, camera, geometry, object, group );
+
+			if ( material.transparent === true && material.side === DoubleSide && material.forceSinglePass === false ) {
+
+				material.side = BackSide;
+				material.needsUpdate = true;
+				_this.renderBufferDirect( camera, scene, geometry, material, object, group );
+
+				material.side = FrontSide;
+				material.needsUpdate = true;
+				_this.renderBufferDirect( camera, scene, geometry, material, object, group );
+
+				material.side = DoubleSide;
+
+			} else {
+
+				_this.renderBufferDirect( camera, scene, geometry, material, object, group );
+
+			}
+
+			object.onAfterRender( _this, scene, camera, geometry, material, group );
+
+		}
+
+		function getProgram( material, scene, object ) {
+
+			if ( scene.isScene !== true ) scene = _emptyScene; // scene could be a Mesh, Line, Points, ...
+
+			const materialProperties = properties.get( material );
+
+			const lights = currentRenderState.state.lights;
+			const shadowsArray = currentRenderState.state.shadowsArray;
+
+			const lightsStateVersion = lights.state.version;
+
+			const parameters = programCache.getParameters( material, lights.state, shadowsArray, scene, object, currentRenderState.state.lightProbeGridArray );
+			const programCacheKey = programCache.getProgramCacheKey( parameters );
+
+			let programs = materialProperties.programs;
+
+			// always update environment and fog - changing these trigger an getProgram call, but it's possible that the program doesn't change
+
+			materialProperties.environment = ( material.isMeshStandardMaterial || material.isMeshLambertMaterial || material.isMeshPhongMaterial ) ? scene.environment : null;
+			materialProperties.fog = scene.fog;
+
+			const usePMREM = material.isMeshStandardMaterial || ( material.isMeshLambertMaterial && ! material.envMap ) || ( material.isMeshPhongMaterial && ! material.envMap );
+			materialProperties.envMap = environments.get( material.envMap || materialProperties.environment, usePMREM );
+			materialProperties.envMapRotation = ( materialProperties.environment !== null && material.envMap === null ) ? scene.environmentRotation : material.envMapRotation;
+
+			if ( programs === undefined ) {
+
+				// new material
+
+				material.addEventListener( 'dispose', onMaterialDispose );
+
+				programs = new Map();
+				materialProperties.programs = programs;
+
+			}
+
+			let program = programs.get( programCacheKey );
+
+			if ( program !== undefined ) {
+
+				// early out if program and light state is identical
+
+				if ( materialProperties.currentProgram === program && materialProperties.lightsStateVersion === lightsStateVersion ) {
+
+					updateCommonMaterialProperties( material, parameters );
+
+					return program;
+
+				}
+
+			} else {
+
+				parameters.uniforms = programCache.getUniforms( material );
+
+				// Use node builder for node materials if available
+				if ( _nodesHandler !== null && material.isNodeMaterial ) {
+
+					_nodesHandler.build( material, object, parameters );
+
+				}
+
+				material.onBeforeCompile( parameters, _this );
+
+				program = programCache.acquireProgram( parameters, programCacheKey );
+				programs.set( programCacheKey, program );
+
+				materialProperties.uniforms = parameters.uniforms;
+
+			}
+
+			const uniforms = materialProperties.uniforms;
+
+			if ( ( ! material.isShaderMaterial && ! material.isRawShaderMaterial ) || material.clipping === true ) {
+
+				uniforms.clippingPlanes = clipping.uniform;
+
+			}
+
+			updateCommonMaterialProperties( material, parameters );
+
+			// store the light setup it was created for
+
+			materialProperties.needsLights = materialNeedsLights( material );
+			materialProperties.lightsStateVersion = lightsStateVersion;
+
+			if ( materialProperties.needsLights ) {
+
+				// wire up the material to this renderer's lighting state
+
+				uniforms.ambientLightColor.value = lights.state.ambient;
+				uniforms.lightProbe.value = lights.state.probe;
+				uniforms.directionalLights.value = lights.state.directional;
+				uniforms.directionalLightShadows.value = lights.state.directionalShadow;
+				uniforms.spotLights.value = lights.state.spot;
+				uniforms.spotLightShadows.value = lights.state.spotShadow;
+				uniforms.rectAreaLights.value = lights.state.rectArea;
+				uniforms.ltc_1.value = lights.state.rectAreaLTC1;
+				uniforms.ltc_2.value = lights.state.rectAreaLTC2;
+				uniforms.pointLights.value = lights.state.point;
+				uniforms.pointLightShadows.value = lights.state.pointShadow;
+				uniforms.hemisphereLights.value = lights.state.hemi;
+
+				uniforms.directionalShadowMatrix.value = lights.state.directionalShadowMatrix;
+				uniforms.spotLightMatrix.value = lights.state.spotLightMatrix;
+				uniforms.spotLightMap.value = lights.state.spotLightMap;
+				uniforms.pointShadowMatrix.value = lights.state.pointShadowMatrix;
+				// TODO (abelnation): add area lights shadow info to uniforms
+
+			}
+
+			materialProperties.lightProbeGrid = currentRenderState.state.lightProbeGridArray.length > 0;
+
+			materialProperties.currentProgram = program;
+			materialProperties.uniformsList = null;
+
+			return program;
+
+		}
+
+		function getUniformList( materialProperties ) {
+
+			if ( materialProperties.uniformsList === null ) {
+
+				const progUniforms = materialProperties.currentProgram.getUniforms();
+				materialProperties.uniformsList = WebGLUniforms.seqWithValue( progUniforms.seq, materialProperties.uniforms );
+
+			}
+
+			return materialProperties.uniformsList;
+
+		}
+
+		function updateCommonMaterialProperties( material, parameters ) {
+
+			const materialProperties = properties.get( material );
+
+			materialProperties.outputColorSpace = parameters.outputColorSpace;
+			materialProperties.batching = parameters.batching;
+			materialProperties.batchingColor = parameters.batchingColor;
+			materialProperties.instancing = parameters.instancing;
+			materialProperties.instancingColor = parameters.instancingColor;
+			materialProperties.instancingMorph = parameters.instancingMorph;
+			materialProperties.skinning = parameters.skinning;
+			materialProperties.morphTargets = parameters.morphTargets;
+			materialProperties.morphNormals = parameters.morphNormals;
+			materialProperties.morphColors = parameters.morphColors;
+			materialProperties.morphTargetsCount = parameters.morphTargetsCount;
+			materialProperties.numClippingPlanes = parameters.numClippingPlanes;
+			materialProperties.numIntersection = parameters.numClipIntersection;
+			materialProperties.vertexAlphas = parameters.vertexAlphas;
+			materialProperties.vertexTangents = parameters.vertexTangents;
+			materialProperties.toneMapping = parameters.toneMapping;
+
+		}
+
+		function findLightProbeGrid( volumes, object ) {
+
+			if ( volumes.length === 0 ) return null;
+
+			if ( volumes.length === 1 ) {
+
+				return volumes[ 0 ].texture !== null ? volumes[ 0 ] : null;
+
+			}
+
+			objectPosition.setFromMatrixPosition( object.matrixWorld );
+
+			for ( let i = 0, l = volumes.length; i < l; i ++ ) {
+
+				const v = volumes[ i ];
+
+				if ( v.texture !== null && v.boundingBox.containsPoint( objectPosition ) ) return v;
+
+			}
+
+			return null;
+
+		}
+
+		function setProgram( camera, scene, geometry, material, object ) {
+
+			if ( scene.isScene !== true ) scene = _emptyScene; // scene could be a Mesh, Line, Points, ...
+
+			textures.resetTextureUnits();
+
+			const fog = scene.fog;
+			const environment = ( material.isMeshStandardMaterial || material.isMeshLambertMaterial || material.isMeshPhongMaterial ) ? scene.environment : null;
+			const colorSpace = ( _currentRenderTarget === null ) ? _this.outputColorSpace : ( _currentRenderTarget.isXRRenderTarget === true ? _currentRenderTarget.texture.colorSpace : ColorManagement.workingColorSpace );
+			const usePMREM = material.isMeshStandardMaterial || ( material.isMeshLambertMaterial && ! material.envMap ) || ( material.isMeshPhongMaterial && ! material.envMap );
+			const envMap = environments.get( material.envMap || environment, usePMREM );
+			const vertexAlphas = material.vertexColors === true && !! geometry.attributes.color && geometry.attributes.color.itemSize === 4;
+			const vertexTangents = !! geometry.attributes.tangent && ( !! material.normalMap || material.anisotropy > 0 );
+			const morphTargets = !! geometry.morphAttributes.position;
+			const morphNormals = !! geometry.morphAttributes.normal;
+			const morphColors = !! geometry.morphAttributes.color;
+
+			let toneMapping = NoToneMapping;
+
+			if ( material.toneMapped ) {
+
+				if ( _currentRenderTarget === null || _currentRenderTarget.isXRRenderTarget === true ) {
+
+					toneMapping = _this.toneMapping;
+
+				}
+
+			}
+
+			const morphAttribute = geometry.morphAttributes.position || geometry.morphAttributes.normal || geometry.morphAttributes.color;
+			const morphTargetsCount = ( morphAttribute !== undefined ) ? morphAttribute.length : 0;
+
+			const materialProperties = properties.get( material );
+			const lights = currentRenderState.state.lights;
+
+			if ( _clippingEnabled === true ) {
+
+				if ( _localClippingEnabled === true || camera !== _currentCamera ) {
+
+					const useCache =
+						camera === _currentCamera &&
+						material.id === _currentMaterialId;
+
+					// we might want to call this function with some ClippingGroup
+					// object instead of the material, once it becomes feasible
+					// (#8465, #8379)
+					clipping.setState( material, camera, useCache );
+
+				}
+
+			}
+
+			//
+
+			let needsProgramChange = false;
+
+			if ( material.version === materialProperties.__version ) {
+
+				if ( materialProperties.needsLights && ( materialProperties.lightsStateVersion !== lights.state.version ) ) {
+
+					needsProgramChange = true;
+
+				} else if ( materialProperties.outputColorSpace !== colorSpace ) {
+
+					needsProgramChange = true;
+
+				} else if ( object.isBatchedMesh && materialProperties.batching === false ) {
+
+					needsProgramChange = true;
+
+				} else if ( ! object.isBatchedMesh && materialProperties.batching === true ) {
+
+					needsProgramChange = true;
+
+				} else if ( object.isBatchedMesh && materialProperties.batchingColor === true && object.colorTexture === null ) {
+
+					needsProgramChange = true;
+
+				} else if ( object.isBatchedMesh && materialProperties.batchingColor === false && object.colorTexture !== null ) {
+
+					needsProgramChange = true;
+
+				} else if ( object.isInstancedMesh && materialProperties.instancing === false ) {
+
+					needsProgramChange = true;
+
+				} else if ( ! object.isInstancedMesh && materialProperties.instancing === true ) {
+
+					needsProgramChange = true;
+
+				} else if ( object.isSkinnedMesh && materialProperties.skinning === false ) {
+
+					needsProgramChange = true;
+
+				} else if ( ! object.isSkinnedMesh && materialProperties.skinning === true ) {
+
+					needsProgramChange = true;
+
+				} else if ( object.isInstancedMesh && materialProperties.instancingColor === true && object.instanceColor === null ) {
+
+					needsProgramChange = true;
+
+				} else if ( object.isInstancedMesh && materialProperties.instancingColor === false && object.instanceColor !== null ) {
+
+					needsProgramChange = true;
+
+				} else if ( object.isInstancedMesh && materialProperties.instancingMorph === true && object.morphTexture === null ) {
+
+					needsProgramChange = true;
+
+				} else if ( object.isInstancedMesh && materialProperties.instancingMorph === false && object.morphTexture !== null ) {
+
+					needsProgramChange = true;
+
+				} else if ( materialProperties.envMap !== envMap ) {
+
+					needsProgramChange = true;
+
+				} else if ( material.fog === true && materialProperties.fog !== fog ) {
+
+					needsProgramChange = true;
+
+				} else if ( materialProperties.numClippingPlanes !== undefined &&
+					( materialProperties.numClippingPlanes !== clipping.numPlanes ||
+					materialProperties.numIntersection !== clipping.numIntersection ) ) {
+
+					needsProgramChange = true;
+
+				} else if ( materialProperties.vertexAlphas !== vertexAlphas ) {
+
+					needsProgramChange = true;
+
+				} else if ( materialProperties.vertexTangents !== vertexTangents ) {
+
+					needsProgramChange = true;
+
+				} else if ( materialProperties.morphTargets !== morphTargets ) {
+
+					needsProgramChange = true;
+
+				} else if ( materialProperties.morphNormals !== morphNormals ) {
+
+					needsProgramChange = true;
+
+				} else if ( materialProperties.morphColors !== morphColors ) {
+
+					needsProgramChange = true;
+
+				} else if ( materialProperties.toneMapping !== toneMapping ) {
+
+					needsProgramChange = true;
+
+				} else if ( materialProperties.morphTargetsCount !== morphTargetsCount ) {
+
+					needsProgramChange = true;
+
+				} else if ( !! materialProperties.lightProbeGrid !== ( currentRenderState.state.lightProbeGridArray.length > 0 ) ) {
+
+					needsProgramChange = true;
+
+				}
+
+			} else {
+
+				needsProgramChange = true;
+				materialProperties.__version = material.version;
+
+			}
+
+			//
+
+			let program = materialProperties.currentProgram;
+
+			if ( needsProgramChange === true ) {
+
+				program = getProgram( material, scene, object );
+
+				// notify the node builder that the program has changed so uniforms and update nodes can
+				// be cached and triggered.
+				if ( _nodesHandler && material.isNodeMaterial ) {
+
+					_nodesHandler.onUpdateProgram( material, program, materialProperties );
+
+				}
+
+			}
+
+			let refreshProgram = false;
+			let refreshMaterial = false;
+			let refreshLights = false;
+
+			const p_uniforms = program.getUniforms(),
+				m_uniforms = materialProperties.uniforms;
+
+			if ( state.useProgram( program.program ) ) {
+
+				refreshProgram = true;
+				refreshMaterial = true;
+				refreshLights = true;
+
+			}
+
+			if ( material.id !== _currentMaterialId ) {
+
+				_currentMaterialId = material.id;
+
+				refreshMaterial = true;
+
+			}
+
+			if ( materialProperties.needsLights ) {
+
+				const objectVolume = findLightProbeGrid( currentRenderState.state.lightProbeGridArray, object );
+
+				if ( materialProperties.lightProbeGrid !== objectVolume ) {
+
+					materialProperties.lightProbeGrid = objectVolume;
+					refreshMaterial = true;
+
+				}
+
+			}
+
+			if ( refreshProgram || _currentCamera !== camera ) {
+
+				// common camera uniforms
+
+				const reversedDepthBuffer = state.buffers.depth.getReversed();
+
+				if ( reversedDepthBuffer && camera.reversedDepth !== true ) {
+
+					camera._reversedDepth = true;
+					camera.updateProjectionMatrix();
+
+				}
+
+				p_uniforms.setValue( _gl, 'projectionMatrix', camera.projectionMatrix );
+
+				p_uniforms.setValue( _gl, 'viewMatrix', camera.matrixWorldInverse );
+
+				const uCamPos = p_uniforms.map.cameraPosition;
+
+				if ( uCamPos !== undefined ) {
+
+					uCamPos.setValue( _gl, _vector3.setFromMatrixPosition( camera.matrixWorld ) );
+
+				}
+
+				if ( capabilities.logarithmicDepthBuffer ) {
+
+					p_uniforms.setValue( _gl, 'logDepthBufFC',
+						2.0 / ( Math.log( camera.far + 1.0 ) / Math.LN2 ) );
+
+				}
+
+				// consider moving isOrthographic to UniformLib and WebGLMaterials, see https://github.com/mrdoob/three.js/pull/26467#issuecomment-1645185067
+
+				if ( material.isMeshPhongMaterial ||
+					material.isMeshToonMaterial ||
+					material.isMeshLambertMaterial ||
+					material.isMeshBasicMaterial ||
+					material.isMeshStandardMaterial ||
+					material.isShaderMaterial ) {
+
+					p_uniforms.setValue( _gl, 'isOrthographic', camera.isOrthographicCamera === true );
+
+				}
+
+				if ( _currentCamera !== camera ) {
+
+					_currentCamera = camera;
+
+					// lighting uniforms depend on the camera so enforce an update
+					// now, in case this material supports lights - or later, when
+					// the next material that does gets activated:
+
+					refreshMaterial = true;		// set to true on material change
+					refreshLights = true;		// remains set until update done
+
+				}
+
+			}
+
+			// Pre-allocate texture units for shadow samplers before setting data textures
+			if ( materialProperties.needsLights ) {
+
+				// Set shadow map uniforms first to ensure they get the first texture units
+				if ( lights.state.directionalShadowMap.length > 0 ) {
+
+					p_uniforms.setValue( _gl, 'directionalShadowMap', lights.state.directionalShadowMap, textures );
+
+				}
+
+				if ( lights.state.spotShadowMap.length > 0 ) {
+
+					p_uniforms.setValue( _gl, 'spotShadowMap', lights.state.spotShadowMap, textures );
+
+				}
+
+				if ( lights.state.pointShadowMap.length > 0 ) {
+
+					p_uniforms.setValue( _gl, 'pointShadowMap', lights.state.pointShadowMap, textures );
+
+				}
+
+			}
+
+			// skinning and morph target uniforms must be set even if material didn't change
+			// auto-setting of texture unit for bone and morph texture must go before other textures
+			// otherwise textures used for skinning and morphing can take over texture units reserved for other material textures
+
+			if ( object.isSkinnedMesh ) {
+
+				p_uniforms.setOptional( _gl, object, 'bindMatrix' );
+				p_uniforms.setOptional( _gl, object, 'bindMatrixInverse' );
+
+				const skeleton = object.skeleton;
+
+				if ( skeleton ) {
+
+					if ( skeleton.boneTexture === null ) skeleton.computeBoneTexture();
+
+					p_uniforms.setValue( _gl, 'boneTexture', skeleton.boneTexture, textures );
+
+				}
+
+			}
+
+			if ( object.isBatchedMesh ) {
+
+				p_uniforms.setOptional( _gl, object, 'batchingTexture' );
+				p_uniforms.setValue( _gl, 'batchingTexture', object._matricesTexture, textures );
+
+				p_uniforms.setOptional( _gl, object, 'batchingIdTexture' );
+				p_uniforms.setValue( _gl, 'batchingIdTexture', object._indirectTexture, textures );
+
+				p_uniforms.setOptional( _gl, object, 'batchingColorTexture' );
+				if ( object._colorsTexture !== null ) {
+
+					p_uniforms.setValue( _gl, 'batchingColorTexture', object._colorsTexture, textures );
+
+				}
+
+			}
+
+			const morphAttributes = geometry.morphAttributes;
+
+			if ( morphAttributes.position !== undefined || morphAttributes.normal !== undefined || ( morphAttributes.color !== undefined ) ) {
+
+				morphtargets.update( object, geometry, program );
+
+			}
+
+			if ( refreshMaterial || materialProperties.receiveShadow !== object.receiveShadow ) {
+
+				materialProperties.receiveShadow = object.receiveShadow;
+				p_uniforms.setValue( _gl, 'receiveShadow', object.receiveShadow );
+
+			}
+
+			if ( ( material.isMeshStandardMaterial || material.isMeshLambertMaterial || material.isMeshPhongMaterial ) && material.envMap === null && scene.environment !== null ) {
+
+				m_uniforms.envMapIntensity.value = scene.environmentIntensity;
+
+			}
+
+			// Set DFG LUT for physically-based materials
+			if ( m_uniforms.dfgLUT !== undefined ) {
+
+				m_uniforms.dfgLUT.value = getDFGLUT();
+
+			}
+
+			if ( refreshMaterial ) {
+
+				p_uniforms.setValue( _gl, 'toneMappingExposure', _this.toneMappingExposure );
+
+				if ( materialProperties.needsLights ) {
+
+					// the current material requires lighting info
+
+					// note: all lighting uniforms are always set correctly
+					// they simply reference the renderer's state for their
+					// values
+					//
+					// use the current material's .needsUpdate flags to set
+					// the GL state when required
+
+					markUniformsLightsNeedsUpdate( m_uniforms, refreshLights );
+
+				}
+
+				// refresh uniforms common to several materials
+
+				if ( fog && material.fog === true ) {
+
+					materials.refreshFogUniforms( m_uniforms, fog );
+
+				}
+
+				materials.refreshMaterialUniforms( m_uniforms, material, _pixelRatio, _height, currentRenderState.state.transmissionRenderTarget[ camera.id ] );
+
+				// light probe volume
+
+				if ( materialProperties.needsLights && materialProperties.lightProbeGrid ) {
+
+					const volume = materialProperties.lightProbeGrid;
+
+					m_uniforms.probesSH.value = volume.texture;
+					m_uniforms.probesMin.value.copy( volume.boundingBox.min );
+					m_uniforms.probesMax.value.copy( volume.boundingBox.max );
+					m_uniforms.probesResolution.value.copy( volume.resolution );
+
+				}
+
+				WebGLUniforms.upload( _gl, getUniformList( materialProperties ), m_uniforms, textures );
+
+			}
+
+			if ( material.isShaderMaterial && material.uniformsNeedUpdate === true ) {
+
+				WebGLUniforms.upload( _gl, getUniformList( materialProperties ), m_uniforms, textures );
+				material.uniformsNeedUpdate = false;
+
+			}
+
+			if ( material.isSpriteMaterial ) {
+
+				p_uniforms.setValue( _gl, 'center', object.center );
+
+			}
+
+			// common matrices
+
+			p_uniforms.setValue( _gl, 'modelViewMatrix', object.modelViewMatrix );
+			p_uniforms.setValue( _gl, 'normalMatrix', object.normalMatrix );
+			p_uniforms.setValue( _gl, 'modelMatrix', object.matrixWorld );
+
+			// UBOs
+
+			if ( material.uniformsGroups !== undefined ) {
+
+				const groups = material.uniformsGroups;
+
+				for ( let i = 0, l = groups.length; i < l; i ++ ) {
+
+					const group = groups[ i ];
+
+					uniformsGroups.update( group, program );
+					uniformsGroups.bind( group, program );
+
+				}
+
+			}
+
+			return program;
+
+		}
+
+		// If uniforms are marked as clean, they don't need to be loaded to the GPU.
+
+		function markUniformsLightsNeedsUpdate( uniforms, value ) {
+
+			uniforms.ambientLightColor.needsUpdate = value;
+			uniforms.lightProbe.needsUpdate = value;
+
+			uniforms.directionalLights.needsUpdate = value;
+			uniforms.directionalLightShadows.needsUpdate = value;
+			uniforms.pointLights.needsUpdate = value;
+			uniforms.pointLightShadows.needsUpdate = value;
+			uniforms.spotLights.needsUpdate = value;
+			uniforms.spotLightShadows.needsUpdate = value;
+			uniforms.rectAreaLights.needsUpdate = value;
+			uniforms.hemisphereLights.needsUpdate = value;
+
+		}
+
+		function materialNeedsLights( material ) {
+
+			return material.isMeshLambertMaterial || material.isMeshToonMaterial || material.isMeshPhongMaterial ||
+				material.isMeshStandardMaterial || material.isShadowMaterial ||
+				( material.isShaderMaterial && material.lights === true );
+
+		}
+
+		/**
+		 * Returns the active cube face.
+		 *
+		 * @return {number} The active cube face.
+		 */
+		this.getActiveCubeFace = function () {
+
+			return _currentActiveCubeFace;
+
+		};
+
+		/**
+		 * Returns the active mipmap level.
+		 *
+		 * @return {number} The active mipmap level.
+		 */
+		this.getActiveMipmapLevel = function () {
+
+			return _currentActiveMipmapLevel;
+
+		};
+
+		/**
+		 * Returns the active render target.
+		 *
+		 * @return {?WebGLRenderTarget} The active render target. Returns `null` if no render target
+		 * is currently set.
+		 */
+		this.getRenderTarget = function () {
+
+			return _currentRenderTarget;
+
+		};
+
+		this.setRenderTargetTextures = function ( renderTarget, colorTexture, depthTexture ) {
+
+			const renderTargetProperties = properties.get( renderTarget );
+
+			renderTargetProperties.__autoAllocateDepthBuffer = renderTarget.resolveDepthBuffer === false;
+			if ( renderTargetProperties.__autoAllocateDepthBuffer === false ) {
+
+				// The multisample_render_to_texture extension doesn't work properly if there
+				// are midframe flushes and an external depth buffer. Disable use of the extension.
+				renderTargetProperties.__useRenderToTexture = false;
+
+			}
+
+			properties.get( renderTarget.texture ).__webglTexture = colorTexture;
+			properties.get( renderTarget.depthTexture ).__webglTexture = renderTargetProperties.__autoAllocateDepthBuffer ? undefined : depthTexture;
+
+			renderTargetProperties.__hasExternalTextures = true;
+
+		};
+
+		this.setRenderTargetFramebuffer = function ( renderTarget, defaultFramebuffer ) {
+
+			const renderTargetProperties = properties.get( renderTarget );
+			renderTargetProperties.__webglFramebuffer = defaultFramebuffer;
+			renderTargetProperties.__useDefaultFramebuffer = defaultFramebuffer === undefined;
+
+		};
+
+		const _scratchFrameBuffer = _gl.createFramebuffer();
+
+		/**
+		 * Sets the active rendertarget.
+		 *
+		 * @param {?WebGLRenderTarget} renderTarget - The render target to set. When `null` is given,
+		 * the canvas is set as the active render target instead.
+		 * @param {number} [activeCubeFace=0] - The active cube face when using a cube render target.
+		 * Indicates the z layer to render in to when using 3D or array render targets.
+		 * @param {number} [activeMipmapLevel=0] - The active mipmap level.
+		 */
+		this.setRenderTarget = function ( renderTarget, activeCubeFace = 0, activeMipmapLevel = 0 ) {
+
+			_currentRenderTarget = renderTarget;
+			_currentActiveCubeFace = activeCubeFace;
+			_currentActiveMipmapLevel = activeMipmapLevel;
+
+			let framebuffer = null;
+			let isCube = false;
+			let isRenderTarget3D = false;
+
+			if ( renderTarget ) {
+
+				const renderTargetProperties = properties.get( renderTarget );
+
+				if ( renderTargetProperties.__useDefaultFramebuffer !== undefined ) {
+
+					// Externally-managed framebuffer (e.g. XR)
+					// Bind to the stored framebuffer (may be null for default, or a WebGLFramebuffer)
+					state.bindFramebuffer( _gl.FRAMEBUFFER, renderTargetProperties.__webglFramebuffer );
+
+					_currentViewport.copy( renderTarget.viewport );
+					_currentScissor.copy( renderTarget.scissor );
+					_currentScissorTest = renderTarget.scissorTest;
+
+					state.viewport( _currentViewport );
+					state.scissor( _currentScissor );
+					state.setScissorTest( _currentScissorTest );
+
+					_currentMaterialId = - 1;
+
+					return;
+
+				} else if ( renderTargetProperties.__webglFramebuffer === undefined ) {
+
+					textures.setupRenderTarget( renderTarget );
+
+				} else if ( renderTargetProperties.__hasExternalTextures ) {
+
+					// Color and depth texture must be rebound in order for the swapchain to update.
+					textures.rebindTextures( renderTarget, properties.get( renderTarget.texture ).__webglTexture, properties.get( renderTarget.depthTexture ).__webglTexture );
+
+				} else if ( renderTarget.depthBuffer ) {
+
+					// check if the depth texture is already bound to the frame buffer and that it's been initialized
+					const depthTexture = renderTarget.depthTexture;
+					if ( renderTargetProperties.__boundDepthTexture !== depthTexture ) {
+
+						// check if the depth texture is compatible
+						if (
+							depthTexture !== null &&
+							properties.has( depthTexture ) &&
+							( renderTarget.width !== depthTexture.image.width || renderTarget.height !== depthTexture.image.height )
+						) {
+
+							throw new Error( 'WebGLRenderTarget: Attached DepthTexture is initialized to the incorrect size.' );
+
+						}
+
+						// Swap the depth buffer to the currently attached one
+						textures.setupDepthRenderbuffer( renderTarget );
+
+					}
+
+				}
+
+				const texture = renderTarget.texture;
+
+				if ( texture.isData3DTexture || texture.isDataArrayTexture || texture.isCompressedArrayTexture ) {
+
+					isRenderTarget3D = true;
+
+				}
+
+				const __webglFramebuffer = properties.get( renderTarget ).__webglFramebuffer;
+
+				if ( renderTarget.isWebGLCubeRenderTarget ) {
+
+					if ( Array.isArray( __webglFramebuffer[ activeCubeFace ] ) ) {
+
+						framebuffer = __webglFramebuffer[ activeCubeFace ][ activeMipmapLevel ];
+
+					} else {
+
+						framebuffer = __webglFramebuffer[ activeCubeFace ];
+
+					}
+
+					isCube = true;
+
+				} else if ( ( renderTarget.samples > 0 ) && textures.useMultisampledRTT( renderTarget ) === false ) {
+
+					framebuffer = properties.get( renderTarget ).__webglMultisampledFramebuffer;
+
+				} else {
+
+					if ( Array.isArray( __webglFramebuffer ) ) {
+
+						framebuffer = __webglFramebuffer[ activeMipmapLevel ];
+
+					} else {
+
+						framebuffer = __webglFramebuffer;
+
+					}
+
+				}
+
+				_currentViewport.copy( renderTarget.viewport );
+				_currentScissor.copy( renderTarget.scissor );
+				_currentScissorTest = renderTarget.scissorTest;
+
+			} else {
+
+				_currentViewport.copy( _viewport ).multiplyScalar( _pixelRatio ).floor();
+				_currentScissor.copy( _scissor ).multiplyScalar( _pixelRatio ).floor();
+				_currentScissorTest = _scissorTest;
+
+			}
+
+			// Use a scratch frame buffer if rendering to a mip level to avoid depth buffers
+			// being bound that are different sizes.
+			if ( activeMipmapLevel !== 0 ) {
+
+				framebuffer = _scratchFrameBuffer;
+
+			}
+
+			const framebufferBound = state.bindFramebuffer( _gl.FRAMEBUFFER, framebuffer );
+
+			if ( framebufferBound ) {
+
+				state.drawBuffers( renderTarget, framebuffer );
+
+			}
+
+			state.viewport( _currentViewport );
+			state.scissor( _currentScissor );
+			state.setScissorTest( _currentScissorTest );
+
+			if ( isCube ) {
+
+				const textureProperties = properties.get( renderTarget.texture );
+				_gl.framebufferTexture2D( _gl.FRAMEBUFFER, _gl.COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, _gl.TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP_POSITIVE_X + activeCubeFace, textureProperties.__webglTexture, activeMipmapLevel );
+
+			} else if ( isRenderTarget3D ) {
+
+				const layer = activeCubeFace;
+
+				for ( let i = 0; i < renderTarget.textures.length; i ++ ) {
+
+					const textureProperties = properties.get( renderTarget.textures[ i ] );
+
+					_gl.framebufferTextureLayer( _gl.FRAMEBUFFER, _gl.COLOR_ATTACHMENT0 + i, textureProperties.__webglTexture, activeMipmapLevel, layer );
+
+				}
+
+			} else if ( renderTarget !== null && activeMipmapLevel !== 0 ) {
+
+				// Only bind the frame buffer if we are using a scratch frame buffer to render to a mipmap.
+				// If we rebind the texture when using a multi sample buffer then an error about inconsistent samples will be thrown.
+				const textureProperties = properties.get( renderTarget.texture );
+				_gl.framebufferTexture2D( _gl.FRAMEBUFFER, _gl.COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, _gl.TEXTURE_2D, textureProperties.__webglTexture, activeMipmapLevel );
+
+			}
+
+			_currentMaterialId = - 1; // reset current material to ensure correct uniform bindings
+
+		};
+
+		/**
+		 * Reads the pixel data from the given render target into the given buffer.
+		 *
+		 * @param {WebGLRenderTarget} renderTarget - The render target to read from.
+		 * @param {number} x - The `x` coordinate of the copy region's origin.
+		 * @param {number} y - The `y` coordinate of the copy region's origin.
+		 * @param {number} width - The width of the copy region.
+		 * @param {number} height - The height of the copy region.
+		 * @param {TypedArray} buffer - The result buffer.
+		 * @param {number} [activeCubeFaceIndex] - The active cube face index.
+		 * @param {number} [textureIndex=0] - The texture index of an MRT render target.
+		 */
+		this.readRenderTargetPixels = function ( renderTarget, x, y, width, height, buffer, activeCubeFaceIndex, textureIndex = 0 ) {
+
+			if ( ! ( renderTarget && renderTarget.isWebGLRenderTarget ) ) {
+
+				error( 'WebGLRenderer.readRenderTargetPixels: renderTarget is not THREE.WebGLRenderTarget.' );
+				return;
+
+			}
+
+			let framebuffer = properties.get( renderTarget ).__webglFramebuffer;
+
+			if ( renderTarget.isWebGLCubeRenderTarget && activeCubeFaceIndex !== undefined ) {
+
+				framebuffer = framebuffer[ activeCubeFaceIndex ];
+
+			}
+
+			if ( framebuffer ) {
+
+				state.bindFramebuffer( _gl.FRAMEBUFFER, framebuffer );
+
+				try {
+
+					const texture = renderTarget.textures[ textureIndex ];
+					const textureFormat = texture.format;
+					const textureType = texture.type;
+
+					// when using MRT, select the correct color buffer for the subsequent read command
+
+					if ( renderTarget.textures.length > 1 ) _gl.readBuffer( _gl.COLOR_ATTACHMENT0 + textureIndex );
+
+					if ( ! capabilities.textureFormatReadable( textureFormat ) ) {
+
+						error( 'WebGLRenderer.readRenderTargetPixels: renderTarget is not in RGBA or implementation defined format.' );
+						return;
+
+					}
+
+					if ( ! capabilities.textureTypeReadable( textureType ) ) {
+
+						error( 'WebGLRenderer.readRenderTargetPixels: renderTarget is not in UnsignedByteType or implementation defined type.' );
+						return;
+
+					}
+
+					// the following if statement ensures valid read requests (no out-of-bounds pixels, see #8604)
+
+					if ( ( x >= 0 && x <= ( renderTarget.width - width ) ) && ( y >= 0 && y <= ( renderTarget.height - height ) ) ) {
+
+						_gl.readPixels( x, y, width, height, utils.convert( textureFormat ), utils.convert( textureType ), buffer );
+
+					}
+
+				} finally {
+
+					// restore framebuffer of current render target if necessary
+
+					const framebuffer = ( _currentRenderTarget !== null ) ? properties.get( _currentRenderTarget ).__webglFramebuffer : null;
+					state.bindFramebuffer( _gl.FRAMEBUFFER, framebuffer );
+
+				}
+
+			}
+
+		};
+
+		/**
+		 * Asynchronous, non-blocking version of {@link WebGLRenderer#readRenderTargetPixels}.
+		 *
+		 * It is recommended to use this version of `readRenderTargetPixels()` whenever possible.
+		 *
+		 * @async
+		 * @param {WebGLRenderTarget} renderTarget - The render target to read from.
+		 * @param {number} x - The `x` coordinate of the copy region's origin.
+		 * @param {number} y - The `y` coordinate of the copy region's origin.
+		 * @param {number} width - The width of the copy region.
+		 * @param {number} height - The height of the copy region.
+		 * @param {TypedArray} buffer - The result buffer.
+		 * @param {number} [activeCubeFaceIndex] - The active cube face index.
+		 * @param {number} [textureIndex=0] - The texture index of an MRT render target.
+		 * @return {Promise<TypedArray>} A Promise that resolves when the read has been finished. The resolve provides the read data as a typed array.
+		 */
+		this.readRenderTargetPixelsAsync = async function ( renderTarget, x, y, width, height, buffer, activeCubeFaceIndex, textureIndex = 0 ) {
+
+			if ( ! ( renderTarget && renderTarget.isWebGLRenderTarget ) ) {
+
+				throw new Error( 'THREE.WebGLRenderer.readRenderTargetPixels: renderTarget is not THREE.WebGLRenderTarget.' );
+
+			}
+
+			let framebuffer = properties.get( renderTarget ).__webglFramebuffer;
+			if ( renderTarget.isWebGLCubeRenderTarget && activeCubeFaceIndex !== undefined ) {
+
+				framebuffer = framebuffer[ activeCubeFaceIndex ];
+
+			}
+
+			if ( framebuffer ) {
+
+				// the following if statement ensures valid read requests (no out-of-bounds pixels, see #8604)
+				if ( ( x >= 0 && x <= ( renderTarget.width - width ) ) && ( y >= 0 && y <= ( renderTarget.height - height ) ) ) {
+
+					// set the active frame buffer to the one we want to read
+					state.bindFramebuffer( _gl.FRAMEBUFFER, framebuffer );
+
+					const texture = renderTarget.textures[ textureIndex ];
+					const textureFormat = texture.format;
+					const textureType = texture.type;
+
+					// when using MRT, select the correct color buffer for the subsequent read command
+
+					if ( renderTarget.textures.length > 1 ) _gl.readBuffer( _gl.COLOR_ATTACHMENT0 + textureIndex );
+
+
+					if ( ! capabilities.textureFormatReadable( textureFormat ) ) {
+
+						throw new Error( 'THREE.WebGLRenderer.readRenderTargetPixelsAsync: renderTarget is not in RGBA or implementation defined format.' );
+
+					}
+
+					if ( ! capabilities.textureTypeReadable( textureType ) ) {
+
+						throw new Error( 'THREE.WebGLRenderer.readRenderTargetPixelsAsync: renderTarget is not in UnsignedByteType or implementation defined type.' );
+
+					}
+
+					const glBuffer = _gl.createBuffer();
+					_gl.bindBuffer( _gl.PIXEL_PACK_BUFFER, glBuffer );
+					_gl.bufferData( _gl.PIXEL_PACK_BUFFER, buffer.byteLength, _gl.STREAM_READ );
+
+					_gl.readPixels( x, y, width, height, utils.convert( textureFormat ), utils.convert( textureType ), 0 );
+
+					// reset the frame buffer to the currently set buffer before waiting
+					const currFramebuffer = _currentRenderTarget !== null ? properties.get( _currentRenderTarget ).__webglFramebuffer : null;
+					state.bindFramebuffer( _gl.FRAMEBUFFER, currFramebuffer );
+
+					// check if the commands have finished every 8 ms
+					const sync = _gl.fenceSync( _gl.SYNC_GPU_COMMANDS_COMPLETE, 0 );
+
+					_gl.flush();
+
+					await probeAsync( _gl, sync, 4 );
+
+					// read the data and delete the buffer
+					_gl.bindBuffer( _gl.PIXEL_PACK_BUFFER, glBuffer );
+					_gl.getBufferSubData( _gl.PIXEL_PACK_BUFFER, 0, buffer );
+					_gl.deleteBuffer( glBuffer );
+					_gl.deleteSync( sync );
+
+					return buffer;
+
+				} else {
+
+					throw new Error( 'THREE.WebGLRenderer.readRenderTargetPixelsAsync: requested read bounds are out of range.' );
+
+				}
+
+			}
+
+		};
+
+		/**
+		 * Copies pixels from the current bound framebuffer into the given texture.
+		 *
+		 * @param {FramebufferTexture} texture - The texture.
+		 * @param {?Vector2} [position=null] - The start position of the copy operation.
+		 * @param {number} [level=0] - The mip level. The default represents the base mip.
+		 */
+		this.copyFramebufferToTexture = function ( texture, position = null, level = 0 ) {
+
+			const levelScale = Math.pow( 2, - level );
+			const width = Math.floor( texture.image.width * levelScale );
+			const height = Math.floor( texture.image.height * levelScale );
+
+			const x = position !== null ? position.x : 0;
+			const y = position !== null ? position.y : 0;
+
+			textures.setTexture2D( texture, 0 );
+
+			_gl.copyTexSubImage2D( _gl.TEXTURE_2D, level, 0, 0, x, y, width, height );
+
+			state.unbindTexture();
+
+		};
+
+		const _srcFramebuffer = _gl.createFramebuffer();
+		const _dstFramebuffer = _gl.createFramebuffer();
+
+		/**
+		 * Copies data of the given source texture into a destination texture.
+		 *
+		 * When using render target textures as `srcTexture` and `dstTexture`, you must make sure both render targets are initialized
+		 * {@link WebGLRenderer#initRenderTarget}.
+		 *
+		 * @param {Texture} srcTexture - The source texture.
+		 * @param {Texture} dstTexture - The destination texture.
+		 * @param {?(Box2|Box3)} [srcRegion=null] - A bounding box which describes the source region. Can be two or three-dimensional.
+		 * @param {?(Vector2|Vector3)} [dstPosition=null] - A vector that represents the origin of the destination region. Can be two or three-dimensional.
+		 * @param {number} [srcLevel=0] - The source mipmap level to copy.
+		 * @param {?number} [dstLevel=0] - The destination mipmap level.
+		 */
+		this.copyTextureToTexture = function ( srcTexture, dstTexture, srcRegion = null, dstPosition = null, srcLevel = 0, dstLevel = 0 ) {
+
+			// gather the necessary dimensions to copy
+			let width, height, depth, minX, minY, minZ;
+			let dstX, dstY, dstZ;
+			const image = srcTexture.isCompressedTexture ? srcTexture.mipmaps[ dstLevel ] : srcTexture.image;
+			if ( srcRegion !== null ) {
+
+				width = srcRegion.max.x - srcRegion.min.x;
+				height = srcRegion.max.y - srcRegion.min.y;
+				depth = srcRegion.isBox3 ? srcRegion.max.z - srcRegion.min.z : 1;
+				minX = srcRegion.min.x;
+				minY = srcRegion.min.y;
+				minZ = srcRegion.isBox3 ? srcRegion.min.z : 0;
+
+			} else {
+
+				const levelScale = Math.pow( 2, - srcLevel );
+				width = Math.floor( image.width * levelScale );
+				height = Math.floor( image.height * levelScale );
+				if ( srcTexture.isDataArrayTexture ) {
+
+					depth = image.depth;
+
+				} else if ( srcTexture.isData3DTexture ) {
+
+					depth = Math.floor( image.depth * levelScale );
+
+				} else {
+
+					depth = 1;
+
+				}
+
+				minX = 0;
+				minY = 0;
+				minZ = 0;
+
+			}
+
+			if ( dstPosition !== null ) {
+
+				dstX = dstPosition.x;
+				dstY = dstPosition.y;
+				dstZ = dstPosition.z;
+
+			} else {
+
+				dstX = 0;
+				dstY = 0;
+				dstZ = 0;
+
+			}
+
+			// Set up the destination target
+			const glFormat = utils.convert( dstTexture.format );
+			const glType = utils.convert( dstTexture.type );
+			let glTarget;
+
+			if ( dstTexture.isData3DTexture ) {
+
+				textures.setTexture3D( dstTexture, 0 );
+				glTarget = _gl.TEXTURE_3D;
+
+			} else if ( dstTexture.isDataArrayTexture || dstTexture.isCompressedArrayTexture ) {
+
+				textures.setTexture2DArray( dstTexture, 0 );
+				glTarget = _gl.TEXTURE_2D_ARRAY;
+
+			} else {
+
+				textures.setTexture2D( dstTexture, 0 );
+				glTarget = _gl.TEXTURE_2D;
+
+			}
+
+			state.activeTexture( _gl.TEXTURE0 ); // see #33153
+
+			state.pixelStorei( _gl.UNPACK_FLIP_Y_WEBGL, dstTexture.flipY );
+			state.pixelStorei( _gl.UNPACK_PREMULTIPLY_ALPHA_WEBGL, dstTexture.premultiplyAlpha );
+			state.pixelStorei( _gl.UNPACK_ALIGNMENT, dstTexture.unpackAlignment );
+
+			// used for copying data from cpu
+			const currentUnpackRowLen = state.getParameter( _gl.UNPACK_ROW_LENGTH );
+			const currentUnpackImageHeight = state.getParameter( _gl.UNPACK_IMAGE_HEIGHT );
+			const currentUnpackSkipPixels = state.getParameter( _gl.UNPACK_SKIP_PIXELS );
+			const currentUnpackSkipRows = state.getParameter( _gl.UNPACK_SKIP_ROWS );
+			const currentUnpackSkipImages = state.getParameter( _gl.UNPACK_SKIP_IMAGES );
+
+			state.pixelStorei( _gl.UNPACK_ROW_LENGTH, image.width );
+			state.pixelStorei( _gl.UNPACK_IMAGE_HEIGHT, image.height );
+			state.pixelStorei( _gl.UNPACK_SKIP_PIXELS, minX );
+			state.pixelStorei( _gl.UNPACK_SKIP_ROWS, minY );
+			state.pixelStorei( _gl.UNPACK_SKIP_IMAGES, minZ );
+
+			// set up the src texture
+			const isSrc3D = srcTexture.isDataArrayTexture || srcTexture.isData3DTexture;
+			const isDst3D = dstTexture.isDataArrayTexture || dstTexture.isData3DTexture;
+			if ( srcTexture.isDepthTexture ) {
+
+				const srcTextureProperties = properties.get( srcTexture );
+				const dstTextureProperties = properties.get( dstTexture );
+				const srcRenderTargetProperties = properties.get( srcTextureProperties.__renderTarget );
+				const dstRenderTargetProperties = properties.get( dstTextureProperties.__renderTarget );
+				state.bindFramebuffer( _gl.READ_FRAMEBUFFER, srcRenderTargetProperties.__webglFramebuffer );
+				state.bindFramebuffer( _gl.DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER, dstRenderTargetProperties.__webglFramebuffer );
+
+				for ( let i = 0; i < depth; i ++ ) {
+
+					// if the source or destination are a 3d target then a layer needs to be bound
+					if ( isSrc3D ) {
+
+						_gl.framebufferTextureLayer( _gl.READ_FRAMEBUFFER, _gl.COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, properties.get( srcTexture ).__webglTexture, srcLevel, minZ + i );
+						_gl.framebufferTextureLayer( _gl.DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER, _gl.COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, properties.get( dstTexture ).__webglTexture, dstLevel, dstZ + i );
+
+					}
+
+					_gl.blitFramebuffer( minX, minY, width, height, dstX, dstY, width, height, _gl.DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT, _gl.NEAREST );
+
+				}
+
+				state.bindFramebuffer( _gl.READ_FRAMEBUFFER, null );
+				state.bindFramebuffer( _gl.DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER, null );
+
+			} else if ( srcLevel !== 0 || srcTexture.isRenderTargetTexture || properties.has( srcTexture ) ) {
+
+				// get the appropriate frame buffers
+				const srcTextureProperties = properties.get( srcTexture );
+				const dstTextureProperties = properties.get( dstTexture );
+
+				// bind the frame buffer targets
+				state.bindFramebuffer( _gl.READ_FRAMEBUFFER, _srcFramebuffer );
+				state.bindFramebuffer( _gl.DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER, _dstFramebuffer );
+
+				for ( let i = 0; i < depth; i ++ ) {
+
+					// assign the correct layers and mip maps to the frame buffers
+					if ( isSrc3D ) {
+
+						_gl.framebufferTextureLayer( _gl.READ_FRAMEBUFFER, _gl.COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, srcTextureProperties.__webglTexture, srcLevel, minZ + i );
+
+					} else {
+
+						_gl.framebufferTexture2D( _gl.READ_FRAMEBUFFER, _gl.COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, _gl.TEXTURE_2D, srcTextureProperties.__webglTexture, srcLevel );
+
+					}
+
+					if ( isDst3D ) {
+
+						_gl.framebufferTextureLayer( _gl.DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER, _gl.COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, dstTextureProperties.__webglTexture, dstLevel, dstZ + i );
+
+					} else {
+
+						_gl.framebufferTexture2D( _gl.DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER, _gl.COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, _gl.TEXTURE_2D, dstTextureProperties.__webglTexture, dstLevel );
+
+					}
+
+					// copy the data using the fastest function that can achieve the copy
+					if ( srcLevel !== 0 ) {
+
+						_gl.blitFramebuffer( minX, minY, width, height, dstX, dstY, width, height, _gl.COLOR_BUFFER_BIT, _gl.NEAREST );
+
+					} else if ( isDst3D ) {
+
+						_gl.copyTexSubImage3D( glTarget, dstLevel, dstX, dstY, dstZ + i, minX, minY, width, height );
+
+					} else {
+
+						_gl.copyTexSubImage2D( glTarget, dstLevel, dstX, dstY, minX, minY, width, height );
+
+					}
+
+				}
+
+				// unbind read, draw buffers
+				state.bindFramebuffer( _gl.READ_FRAMEBUFFER, null );
+				state.bindFramebuffer( _gl.DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER, null );
+
+			} else {
+
+				if ( isDst3D ) {
+
+					// copy data into the 3d texture
+					if ( srcTexture.isDataTexture || srcTexture.isData3DTexture ) {
+
+						_gl.texSubImage3D( glTarget, dstLevel, dstX, dstY, dstZ, width, height, depth, glFormat, glType, image.data );
+
+					} else if ( dstTexture.isCompressedArrayTexture ) {
+
+						_gl.compressedTexSubImage3D( glTarget, dstLevel, dstX, dstY, dstZ, width, height, depth, glFormat, image.data );
+
+					} else {
+
+						_gl.texSubImage3D( glTarget, dstLevel, dstX, dstY, dstZ, width, height, depth, glFormat, glType, image );
+
+					}
+
+				} else {
+
+					// copy data into the 2d texture
+					if ( srcTexture.isDataTexture ) {
+
+						_gl.texSubImage2D( _gl.TEXTURE_2D, dstLevel, dstX, dstY, width, height, glFormat, glType, image.data );
+
+					} else if ( srcTexture.isCompressedTexture ) {
+
+						_gl.compressedTexSubImage2D( _gl.TEXTURE_2D, dstLevel, dstX, dstY, image.width, image.height, glFormat, image.data );
+
+					} else {
+
+						_gl.texSubImage2D( _gl.TEXTURE_2D, dstLevel, dstX, dstY, width, height, glFormat, glType, image );
+
+					}
+
+				}
+
+			}
+
+			// reset values
+			state.pixelStorei( _gl.UNPACK_ROW_LENGTH, currentUnpackRowLen );
+			state.pixelStorei( _gl.UNPACK_IMAGE_HEIGHT, currentUnpackImageHeight );
+			state.pixelStorei( _gl.UNPACK_SKIP_PIXELS, currentUnpackSkipPixels );
+			state.pixelStorei( _gl.UNPACK_SKIP_ROWS, currentUnpackSkipRows );
+			state.pixelStorei( _gl.UNPACK_SKIP_IMAGES, currentUnpackSkipImages );
+
+			// Generate mipmaps only when copying level 0
+			if ( dstLevel === 0 && dstTexture.generateMipmaps ) {
+
+				_gl.generateMipmap( glTarget );
+
+			}
+
+			state.unbindTexture();
+
+		};
+
+		/**
+		 * Initializes the given WebGLRenderTarget memory. Useful for initializing a render target so data
+		 * can be copied into it using {@link WebGLRenderer#copyTextureToTexture} before it has been
+		 * rendered to.
+		 *
+		 * @param {WebGLRenderTarget} target - The render target.
+		 */
+		this.initRenderTarget = function ( target ) {
+
+			if ( properties.get( target ).__webglFramebuffer === undefined ) {
+
+				textures.setupRenderTarget( target );
+
+			}
+
+		};
+
+		/**
+		 * Initializes the given texture. Useful for preloading a texture rather than waiting until first
+		 * render (which can cause noticeable lags due to decode and GPU upload overhead).
+		 *
+		 * @param {Texture} texture - The texture.
+		 */
+		this.initTexture = function ( texture ) {
+
+			if ( texture.isCubeTexture ) {
+
+				textures.setTextureCube( texture, 0 );
+
+			} else if ( texture.isData3DTexture ) {
+
+				textures.setTexture3D( texture, 0 );
+
+			} else if ( texture.isDataArrayTexture || texture.isCompressedArrayTexture ) {
+
+				textures.setTexture2DArray( texture, 0 );
+
+			} else {
+
+				textures.setTexture2D( texture, 0 );
+
+			}
+
+			state.unbindTexture();
+
+		};
+
+		/**
+		 * Can be used to reset the internal WebGL state. This method is mostly
+		 * relevant for applications which share a single WebGL context across
+		 * multiple WebGL libraries.
+		 */
+		this.resetState = function () {
+
+			_currentActiveCubeFace = 0;
+			_currentActiveMipmapLevel = 0;
+			_currentRenderTarget = null;
+
+			state.reset();
+			bindingStates.reset();
+
+		};
+
+		if ( typeof __THREE_DEVTOOLS__ !== 'undefined' ) {
+
+			__THREE_DEVTOOLS__.dispatchEvent( new CustomEvent( 'observe', { detail: this } ) );
+
+		}
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Defines the coordinate system of the renderer.
+	 *
+	 * In `WebGLRenderer`, the value is always `WebGLCoordinateSystem`.
+	 *
+	 * @type {WebGLCoordinateSystem|WebGPUCoordinateSystem}
+	 * @default WebGLCoordinateSystem
+	 * @readonly
+	 */
+	get coordinateSystem() {
+
+		return WebGLCoordinateSystem;
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Defines the output color space of the renderer.
+	 *
+	 * @type {SRGBColorSpace|LinearSRGBColorSpace}
+	 * @default SRGBColorSpace
+	 */
+	get outputColorSpace() {
+
+		return this._outputColorSpace;
+
+	}
+
+	set outputColorSpace( colorSpace ) {
+
+		this._outputColorSpace = colorSpace;
+
+		const gl = this.getContext();
+		gl.drawingBufferColorSpace = ColorManagement._getDrawingBufferColorSpace( colorSpace );
+		gl.unpackColorSpace = ColorManagement._getUnpackColorSpace();
+
+	}
+
+}
+
+// JSDoc
+
+/**
+ * WebGLRenderer options.
+ *
+ * @typedef {Object} WebGLRenderer~Options
+ * @property {HTMLCanvasElement|OffscreenCanvas} [canvas=null] - A canvas element where the renderer draws its output. If not passed in here, a new canvas element will be created by the renderer.
+ * @property {WebGL2RenderingContext} [context=null] - Can be used to attach an existing rendering context to this renderer.
+ * @property {('highp'|'mediump'|'lowp')} [precision='highp'] - The default shader precision. Uses `highp` if supported by the device.
+ * @property {boolean} [alpha=false] - Controls the default clear alpha value. When set to`true`, the value is `0`. Otherwise it's `1`.
+ * @property {boolean} [premultipliedAlpha=true] Whether the renderer will assume colors have premultiplied alpha or not.
+ * @property {boolean} [antialias=false] Whether to use the default MSAA or not.
+ * @property {boolean} [stencil=false] Whether the drawing buffer has a stencil buffer of at least 8 bits or not.
+ * @property {boolean} [preserveDrawingBuffer=false] Whether to preserve the buffer until manually cleared or overwritten.
+ * @property {('default'|'low-power'|'high-performance')} [powerPreference='default'] Provides a hint to the user agent indicating what configuration of GPU is suitable for this WebGL context.
+ * @property {boolean} [failIfMajorPerformanceCaveat=false] Whether the renderer creation will fail upon low performance is detected.
+ * @property {boolean} [depth=true] Whether the drawing buffer has a depth buffer of at least 16 bits.
+ * @property {boolean} [logarithmicDepthBuffer=false] Whether to use a logarithmic depth buffer. It may be necessary to use this if dealing with huge differences in scale in a single scene.
+ * Note that this setting uses `gl_FragDepth` if available which disables the Early Fragment Test optimization and can cause a decrease in performance.
+ * @property {boolean} [reversedDepthBuffer=false] Whether to use a reverse depth buffer. Requires the `EXT_clip_control` extension.
+ * This is a more faster and accurate version than logarithmic depth buffer.
+ * @property {number} [outputBufferType=UnsignedByteType] Defines the type of the output buffer. Use `HalfFloatType` for HDR rendering with tone mapping and post-processing support.
+ **/
+
+/**
+ * WebGLRenderer Capabilities.
+ *
+ * @typedef {Object} WebGLRenderer~Capabilities
+ * @property {Function} getMaxAnisotropy - Returns the maximum available anisotropy.
+ * @property {Function} getMaxPrecision - Returns the maximum available precision for vertex and fragment shaders.
+ * @property {boolean} logarithmicDepthBuffer - `true` if `logarithmicDepthBuffer` was set to `true` in the constructor.
+ * @property {number} maxAttributes - The number of shader attributes that can be used by the vertex shader.
+ * @property {number} maxCubemapSize - Maximum height * width of cube map textures that a shader can use.
+ * @property {number} maxFragmentUniforms - The number of uniforms that can be used by a fragment shader.
+ * @property {number} maxSamples - Maximum number of samples in context of Multisample anti-aliasing (MSAA).
+ * @property {number} maxTextures - The maximum number of textures that can be used by a shader.
+ * @property {number} maxTextureSize - Maximum height * width of a texture that a shader use.
+ * @property {number} maxVaryings - The number of varying vectors that can used by shaders.
+ * @property {number} maxVertexTextures - The number of textures that can be used in a vertex shader.
+ * @property {number} maxVertexUniforms - The maximum number of uniforms that can be used in a vertex shader.
+ * @property {string} precision - The shader precision currently being used by the renderer.
+ * @property {boolean} reversedDepthBuffer - `true` if `reversedDepthBuffer` was set to `true` in the constructor
+ * and the rendering context supports `EXT_clip_control`.
+ **/
+
+/**
+ * WebGLRenderer Info Memory
+ *
+ * @typedef {Object} WebGLRenderer~InfoMemory
+ * @property {number} geometries - The number of active geometries.
+ * @property {number} textures - The number of active textures.
+ **/
+
+/**
+ * WebGLRenderer Info Render
+ *
+ * @typedef {Object} WebGLRenderer~InfoRender
+ * @property {number} frame - The frame ID.
+ * @property {number} calls - The number of draw calls per frame.
+ * @property {number} triangles - The number of rendered triangles primitives per frame.
+ * @property {number} points - The number of rendered points primitives per frame.
+ * @property {number} lines - The number of rendered lines primitives per frame.
+ **/
+
+/**
+ * WebGLRenderer Info
+ *
+ * @typedef {Object} WebGLRenderer~Info
+ * @property {boolean} [autoReset=true] - Whether to automatically reset the info by the renderer or not.
+ * @property {WebGLRenderer~InfoMemory} memory - Information about allocated objects.
+ * @property {WebGLRenderer~InfoRender} render - Information about rendered objects.
+ * @property {?Array<WebGLProgram>} programs - An array `WebGLProgram`s used for rendering.
+ * @property {Function} reset - Resets the info object for the next frame.
+ **/
+
+/**
+ * WebGLRenderer Shadow Map.
+ *
+ * @typedef {Object} WebGLRenderer~ShadowMap
+ * @property {boolean} [enabled=false] - If set to `true`, use shadow maps in the scene.
+ * @property {boolean} [autoUpdate=true] - Enables automatic updates to the shadows in the scene.
+ * If you do not require dynamic lighting / shadows, you may set this to `false`.
+ * @property {boolean} [needsUpdate=false] - When set to `true`, shadow maps in the scene
+ * will be updated in the next `render` call.
+ * @property {(BasicShadowMap|PCFShadowMap|VSMShadowMap)} [type=PCFShadowMap] - Defines the shadow map type.
+ **/
+
+export { WebGLRenderer };