@gnsx/three 0.184.0

package/examples/jsm/renderers/Projector.js

@@ -0,0 +1,1154 @@
+import {
+	Box3,
+	Color,
+	DoubleSide,
+	Frustum,
+	Matrix3,
+	Matrix4,
+	Vector2,
+	Vector3,
+	Vector4
+} from 'three';
+
+class RenderableObject {
+
+	constructor() {
+
+		this.id = 0;
+
+		this.object = null;
+		this.z = 0;
+		this.renderOrder = 0;
+
+	}
+
+}
+
+//
+
+class RenderableFace {
+
+	constructor() {
+
+		this.id = 0;
+
+		this.v1 = new RenderableVertex();
+		this.v2 = new RenderableVertex();
+		this.v3 = new RenderableVertex();
+
+		this.normalModel = new Vector3();
+
+		this.vertexNormalsModel = [ new Vector3(), new Vector3(), new Vector3() ];
+		this.vertexNormalsLength = 0;
+
+		this.color = new Color();
+		this.material = null;
+		this.uvs = [ new Vector2(), new Vector2(), new Vector2() ];
+
+		this.z = 0;
+		this.renderOrder = 0;
+
+	}
+
+}
+
+//
+
+class RenderableVertex {
+
+	constructor() {
+
+		this.position = new Vector3();
+		this.positionWorld = new Vector3();
+		this.positionScreen = new Vector4();
+
+		this.visible = true;
+
+	}
+
+	copy( vertex ) {
+
+		this.positionWorld.copy( vertex.positionWorld );
+		this.positionScreen.copy( vertex.positionScreen );
+
+	}
+
+}
+
+//
+
+class RenderableLine {
+
+	constructor() {
+
+		this.id = 0;
+
+		this.v1 = new RenderableVertex();
+		this.v2 = new RenderableVertex();
+
+		this.vertexColors = [ new Color(), new Color() ];
+		this.material = null;
+
+		this.z = 0;
+		this.renderOrder = 0;
+
+	}
+
+}
+
+//
+
+class RenderableSprite {
+
+	constructor() {
+
+		this.id = 0;
+
+		this.object = null;
+
+		this.x = 0;
+		this.y = 0;
+		this.z = 0;
+
+		this.rotation = 0;
+		this.scale = new Vector2();
+
+		this.material = null;
+		this.renderOrder = 0;
+
+	}
+
+}
+
+/**
+ * This class can project a given scene in 3D space into a 2D representation
+ * used for rendering with a 2D API. `Projector` is currently used by {@link SVGRenderer}
+ * and was previously used by the legacy `CanvasRenderer`.
+ *
+ * @three_import import { Projector } from 'three/addons/renderers/Projector.js';
+ */
+class Projector {
+
+	/**
+	 * Constructs a new projector.
+	 */
+	constructor() {
+
+		let _object, _objectCount, _objectPoolLength = 0,
+			_vertex, _vertexCount, _vertexPoolLength = 0,
+			_face, _faceCount, _facePoolLength = 0,
+			_line, _lineCount, _linePoolLength = 0,
+			_sprite, _spriteCount, _spritePoolLength = 0,
+			_modelMatrix, _clipInput = [], _clipOutput = [];
+
+		const
+
+			_renderData = { objects: [], lights: [], elements: [] },
+
+			_vector3 = new Vector3(),
+			_vector4 = new Vector4(),
+
+			_clipBox = new Box3( new Vector3( - 1, - 1, - 1 ), new Vector3( 1, 1, 1 ) ),
+			_boundingBox = new Box3(),
+			_points3 = new Array( 3 ),
+
+			_viewMatrix = new Matrix4(),
+			_viewProjectionMatrix = new Matrix4(),
+
+			_modelViewProjectionMatrix = new Matrix4(),
+
+			_frustum = new Frustum(),
+
+			_objectPool = [], _vertexPool = [], _facePool = [], _linePool = [], _spritePool = [],
+
+			_clipVertexPool = [],
+			_clipPos1 = new Vector4(),
+			_clipPos2 = new Vector4(),
+			_clipPos3 = new Vector4(),
+			_screenVertexPool = [],
+			_clipInputVertices = [ null, null, null ],
+
+			_clipPlanes = [
+				{ sign: + 1 },
+				{ sign: - 1 }
+			];
+
+		//
+
+		function RenderList() {
+
+			const normals = [];
+			const colors = [];
+			const uvs = [];
+
+			let object = null;
+
+			const normalMatrix = new Matrix3();
+
+			function setObject( value ) {
+
+				object = value;
+
+				normalMatrix.getNormalMatrix( object.matrixWorld );
+
+				normals.length = 0;
+				colors.length = 0;
+				uvs.length = 0;
+
+			}
+
+			function projectVertex( vertex ) {
+
+				const position = vertex.position;
+				const positionWorld = vertex.positionWorld;
+				const positionScreen = vertex.positionScreen;
+
+				positionWorld.copy( position ).applyMatrix4( _modelMatrix );
+				positionScreen.copy( positionWorld ).applyMatrix4( _viewProjectionMatrix );
+
+				const invW = 1 / positionScreen.w;
+
+				positionScreen.x *= invW;
+				positionScreen.y *= invW;
+				positionScreen.z *= invW;
+
+				vertex.visible = positionScreen.x >= - 1 && positionScreen.x <= 1 &&
+						 positionScreen.y >= - 1 && positionScreen.y <= 1 &&
+						 positionScreen.z >= - 1 && positionScreen.z <= 1;
+
+			}
+
+			function pushVertex( x, y, z ) {
+
+				_vertex = getNextVertexInPool();
+				_vertex.position.set( x, y, z );
+
+				projectVertex( _vertex );
+
+			}
+
+			function pushNormal( x, y, z ) {
+
+				normals.push( x, y, z );
+
+			}
+
+			function pushColor( r, g, b ) {
+
+				colors.push( r, g, b );
+
+			}
+
+			function pushUv( x, y ) {
+
+				uvs.push( x, y );
+
+			}
+
+			function checkTriangleVisibility( v1, v2, v3 ) {
+
+				if ( v1.visible === true || v2.visible === true || v3.visible === true ) return true;
+
+				_points3[ 0 ] = v1.positionScreen;
+				_points3[ 1 ] = v2.positionScreen;
+				_points3[ 2 ] = v3.positionScreen;
+
+				return _clipBox.intersectsBox( _boundingBox.setFromPoints( _points3 ) );
+
+			}
+
+			function checkBackfaceCulling( v1, v2, v3 ) {
+
+				return ( ( v3.positionScreen.x - v1.positionScreen.x ) *
+					    ( v2.positionScreen.y - v1.positionScreen.y ) -
+					    ( v3.positionScreen.y - v1.positionScreen.y ) *
+					    ( v2.positionScreen.x - v1.positionScreen.x ) ) < 0;
+
+			}
+
+			function pushLine( a, b ) {
+
+				const v1 = _vertexPool[ a ];
+				const v2 = _vertexPool[ b ];
+
+				// Clip
+
+				v1.positionScreen.copy( v1.position ).applyMatrix4( _modelViewProjectionMatrix );
+				v2.positionScreen.copy( v2.position ).applyMatrix4( _modelViewProjectionMatrix );
+
+				if ( clipLine( v1.positionScreen, v2.positionScreen ) === true ) {
+
+					// Perform the perspective divide
+					v1.positionScreen.multiplyScalar( 1 / v1.positionScreen.w );
+					v2.positionScreen.multiplyScalar( 1 / v2.positionScreen.w );
+
+					_line = getNextLineInPool();
+					_line.id = object.id;
+					_line.v1.copy( v1 );
+					_line.v2.copy( v2 );
+					_line.z = Math.max( v1.positionScreen.z, v2.positionScreen.z );
+					_line.renderOrder = object.renderOrder;
+
+					_line.material = object.material;
+
+					if ( object.material.vertexColors ) {
+
+						_line.vertexColors[ 0 ].fromArray( colors, a * 3 );
+						_line.vertexColors[ 1 ].fromArray( colors, b * 3 );
+
+					}
+
+					_renderData.elements.push( _line );
+
+				}
+
+			}
+
+			function pushTriangle( a, b, c, material ) {
+
+				const v1 = _vertexPool[ a ];
+				const v2 = _vertexPool[ b ];
+				const v3 = _vertexPool[ c ];
+
+				// Derive near/far clip distances from NDC z and stored clip-space w
+				// (projectVertex already computed positionScreen = clipPos / w, with w preserved)
+				const w1 = v1.positionScreen.w;
+				const w2 = v2.positionScreen.w;
+				const w3 = v3.positionScreen.w;
+
+				const nearDist1 = w1 * ( v1.positionScreen.z + 1 );
+				const nearDist2 = w2 * ( v2.positionScreen.z + 1 );
+				const nearDist3 = w3 * ( v3.positionScreen.z + 1 );
+				const farDist1 = w1 * ( 1 - v1.positionScreen.z );
+				const farDist2 = w2 * ( 1 - v2.positionScreen.z );
+				const farDist3 = w3 * ( 1 - v3.positionScreen.z );
+
+				// Check if completely outside
+				if ( ( nearDist1 < 0 && nearDist2 < 0 && nearDist3 < 0 ) ||
+					( farDist1 < 0 && farDist2 < 0 && farDist3 < 0 ) ) {
+
+					return; // Triangle completely clipped
+
+				}
+
+				// Check if completely inside (no clipping needed)
+				if ( nearDist1 >= 0 && nearDist2 >= 0 && nearDist3 >= 0 &&
+					farDist1 >= 0 && farDist2 >= 0 && farDist3 >= 0 ) {
+
+					// No clipping needed - use original path
+					if ( checkTriangleVisibility( v1, v2, v3 ) === false ) return;
+
+					if ( material.side === DoubleSide || checkBackfaceCulling( v1, v2, v3 ) === true ) {
+
+						_face = getNextFaceInPool();
+
+						_face.id = object.id;
+						_face.v1.copy( v1 );
+						_face.v2.copy( v2 );
+						_face.v3.copy( v3 );
+						_face.z = ( v1.positionScreen.z + v2.positionScreen.z + v3.positionScreen.z ) / 3;
+						_face.renderOrder = object.renderOrder;
+
+						// face normal
+						_vector3.subVectors( v3.position, v2.position );
+						_vector4.subVectors( v1.position, v2.position );
+						_vector3.cross( _vector4 );
+						_face.normalModel.copy( _vector3 );
+						_face.normalModel.applyMatrix3( normalMatrix ).normalize();
+
+						for ( let i = 0; i < 3; i ++ ) {
+
+							const normal = _face.vertexNormalsModel[ i ];
+							normal.fromArray( normals, arguments[ i ] * 3 );
+							normal.applyMatrix3( normalMatrix ).normalize();
+
+							const uv = _face.uvs[ i ];
+							uv.fromArray( uvs, arguments[ i ] * 2 );
+
+						}
+
+						_face.vertexNormalsLength = 3;
+
+						_face.material = material;
+
+						if ( material.vertexColors ) {
+
+							_face.color.fromArray( colors, a * 3 );
+
+						}
+
+						_renderData.elements.push( _face );
+
+					}
+
+					return;
+
+				}
+
+				// Triangle needs clipping - reconstruct clip-space positions from NDC + w
+				_clipPos1.set( v1.positionScreen.x * w1, v1.positionScreen.y * w1, v1.positionScreen.z * w1, w1 );
+				_clipPos2.set( v2.positionScreen.x * w2, v2.positionScreen.y * w2, v2.positionScreen.z * w2, w2 );
+				_clipPos3.set( v3.positionScreen.x * w3, v3.positionScreen.y * w3, v3.positionScreen.z * w3, w3 );
+				_clipInputVertices[ 0 ] = _clipPos1;
+				_clipInputVertices[ 1 ] = _clipPos2;
+				_clipInputVertices[ 2 ] = _clipPos3;
+				const clippedCount = clipTriangle( _clipInputVertices );
+
+				if ( clippedCount < 3 ) return; // Triangle completely clipped
+
+				// Perform perspective divide on clipped vertices and create screen vertices
+				for ( let i = 0; i < clippedCount; i ++ ) {
+
+					const cv = _clipInput[ i ];
+
+					// Get or create renderable vertex from pool
+					let sv = _screenVertexPool[ i ];
+					if ( ! sv ) {
+
+						sv = new RenderableVertex();
+						_screenVertexPool[ i ] = sv;
+
+					}
+
+					// Perform perspective divide
+					const invW = 1 / cv.w;
+					sv.positionScreen.set( cv.x * invW, cv.y * invW, cv.z * invW, 1 );
+
+					// Interpolate world position (simplified - using weighted average based on barycentric-like coords)
+					// For a proper implementation, we'd need to track interpolation weights
+					sv.positionWorld.copy( v1.positionWorld );
+
+					sv.visible = true;
+
+				}
+
+				// Triangulate the clipped polygon (simple fan triangulation)
+				for ( let i = 1; i < clippedCount - 1; i ++ ) {
+
+					const tv1 = _screenVertexPool[ 0 ];
+					const tv2 = _screenVertexPool[ i ];
+					const tv3 = _screenVertexPool[ i + 1 ];
+
+					if ( material.side === DoubleSide || checkBackfaceCulling( tv1, tv2, tv3 ) === true ) {
+
+						_face = getNextFaceInPool();
+
+						_face.id = object.id;
+						_face.v1.copy( tv1 );
+						_face.v2.copy( tv2 );
+						_face.v3.copy( tv3 );
+						_face.z = ( tv1.positionScreen.z + tv2.positionScreen.z + tv3.positionScreen.z ) / 3;
+						_face.renderOrder = object.renderOrder;
+
+						// face normal - use original triangle's normal
+						_vector3.subVectors( v3.position, v2.position );
+						_vector4.subVectors( v1.position, v2.position );
+						_vector3.cross( _vector4 );
+						_face.normalModel.copy( _vector3 );
+						_face.normalModel.applyMatrix3( normalMatrix ).normalize();
+
+						// Use original vertex normals and UVs (simplified - proper impl would interpolate)
+						for ( let j = 0; j < 3; j ++ ) {
+
+							const normal = _face.vertexNormalsModel[ j ];
+							normal.fromArray( normals, arguments[ j ] * 3 );
+							normal.applyMatrix3( normalMatrix ).normalize();
+
+							const uv = _face.uvs[ j ];
+							uv.fromArray( uvs, arguments[ j ] * 2 );
+
+						}
+
+						_face.vertexNormalsLength = 3;
+
+						_face.material = material;
+
+						if ( material.vertexColors ) {
+
+							_face.color.fromArray( colors, a * 3 );
+
+						}
+
+						_renderData.elements.push( _face );
+
+					}
+
+				}
+
+			}
+
+			return {
+				setObject: setObject,
+				projectVertex: projectVertex,
+				checkTriangleVisibility: checkTriangleVisibility,
+				checkBackfaceCulling: checkBackfaceCulling,
+				pushVertex: pushVertex,
+				pushNormal: pushNormal,
+				pushColor: pushColor,
+				pushUv: pushUv,
+				pushLine: pushLine,
+				pushTriangle: pushTriangle
+			};
+
+		}
+
+		const renderList = new RenderList();
+
+		function projectObject( object ) {
+
+			if ( object.visible === false ) return;
+
+			if ( object.isLight ) {
+
+				_renderData.lights.push( object );
+
+			} else if ( object.isMesh || object.isLine || object.isPoints ) {
+
+				if ( object.material.visible === false ) return;
+				if ( object.frustumCulled === true && _frustum.intersectsObject( object ) === false ) return;
+
+				addObject( object );
+
+			} else if ( object.isSprite ) {
+
+				if ( object.material.visible === false ) return;
+				if ( object.frustumCulled === true && _frustum.intersectsSprite( object ) === false ) return;
+
+				addObject( object );
+
+			}
+
+			const children = object.children;
+
+			for ( let i = 0, l = children.length; i < l; i ++ ) {
+
+				projectObject( children[ i ] );
+
+			}
+
+		}
+
+		function addObject( object ) {
+
+			_object = getNextObjectInPool();
+			_object.id = object.id;
+			_object.object = object;
+
+			_vector3.setFromMatrixPosition( object.matrixWorld );
+			_vector3.applyMatrix4( _viewProjectionMatrix );
+			_object.z = _vector3.z;
+			_object.renderOrder = object.renderOrder;
+
+			_renderData.objects.push( _object );
+
+		}
+
+		/**
+		 * Projects the given scene in 3D space into a 2D representation. The result
+		 * is an object with renderable items.
+		 *
+		 * @param {Object3D} scene - A scene or any other type of 3D object.
+		 * @param {Camera} camera - The camera.
+		 * @param {boolean} sortObjects - Whether to sort objects or not.
+		 * @param {boolean} sortElements - Whether to sort elements (faces, lines and sprites) or not.
+		 * @return {{objects:Array<Objects>,lights:Array<Objects>,elements:Array<Objects>}} The projected scene as renderable objects.
+		 */
+		this.projectScene = function ( scene, camera, sortObjects, sortElements ) {
+
+			_faceCount = 0;
+			_lineCount = 0;
+			_spriteCount = 0;
+
+			_renderData.elements.length = 0;
+
+			if ( scene.matrixWorldAutoUpdate === true ) scene.updateMatrixWorld();
+			if ( camera.parent === null && camera.matrixWorldAutoUpdate === true ) camera.updateMatrixWorld();
+
+			_viewMatrix.copy( camera.matrixWorldInverse );
+			_viewProjectionMatrix.multiplyMatrices( camera.projectionMatrix, _viewMatrix );
+
+			_frustum.setFromProjectionMatrix( _viewProjectionMatrix );
+
+			//
+
+			_objectCount = 0;
+
+			_renderData.objects.length = 0;
+			_renderData.lights.length = 0;
+
+			projectObject( scene );
+
+			if ( sortObjects === true ) {
+
+				_renderData.objects.sort( painterSort );
+
+			}
+
+			//
+
+			const objects = _renderData.objects;
+
+			for ( let o = 0, ol = objects.length; o < ol; o ++ ) {
+
+				const object = objects[ o ].object;
+				const geometry = object.geometry;
+
+				renderList.setObject( object );
+
+				_modelMatrix = object.matrixWorld;
+
+				_vertexCount = 0;
+
+				if ( object.isMesh ) {
+
+					let material = object.material;
+
+					const isMultiMaterial = Array.isArray( material );
+
+					const attributes = geometry.attributes;
+					const groups = geometry.groups;
+
+					if ( attributes.position === undefined ) continue;
+
+					const positions = attributes.position.array;
+
+					for ( let i = 0, l = positions.length; i < l; i += 3 ) {
+
+						let x = positions[ i ];
+						let y = positions[ i + 1 ];
+						let z = positions[ i + 2 ];
+
+						const morphTargets = geometry.morphAttributes.position;
+
+						if ( morphTargets !== undefined ) {
+
+							const morphTargetsRelative = geometry.morphTargetsRelative;
+							const morphInfluences = object.morphTargetInfluences;
+
+							for ( let t = 0, tl = morphTargets.length; t < tl; t ++ ) {
+
+								const influence = morphInfluences[ t ];
+
+								if ( influence === 0 ) continue;
+
+								const target = morphTargets[ t ];
+
+								if ( morphTargetsRelative ) {
+
+									x += target.getX( i / 3 ) * influence;
+									y += target.getY( i / 3 ) * influence;
+									z += target.getZ( i / 3 ) * influence;
+
+								} else {
+
+									x += ( target.getX( i / 3 ) - positions[ i ] ) * influence;
+									y += ( target.getY( i / 3 ) - positions[ i + 1 ] ) * influence;
+									z += ( target.getZ( i / 3 ) - positions[ i + 2 ] ) * influence;
+
+								}
+
+							}
+
+						}
+
+						renderList.pushVertex( x, y, z );
+
+					}
+
+					if ( attributes.normal !== undefined ) {
+
+						const normals = attributes.normal.array;
+
+						for ( let i = 0, l = normals.length; i < l; i += 3 ) {
+
+							renderList.pushNormal( normals[ i ], normals[ i + 1 ], normals[ i + 2 ] );
+
+						}
+
+					}
+
+					if ( attributes.color !== undefined ) {
+
+						const colors = attributes.color.array;
+
+						for ( let i = 0, l = colors.length; i < l; i += 3 ) {
+
+							renderList.pushColor( colors[ i ], colors[ i + 1 ], colors[ i + 2 ] );
+
+						}
+
+					}
+
+					if ( attributes.uv !== undefined ) {
+
+						const uvs = attributes.uv.array;
+
+						for ( let i = 0, l = uvs.length; i < l; i += 2 ) {
+
+							renderList.pushUv( uvs[ i ], uvs[ i + 1 ] );
+
+						}
+
+					}
+
+					if ( geometry.index !== null ) {
+
+						const indices = geometry.index.array;
+
+						if ( groups.length > 0 ) {
+
+							for ( let g = 0; g < groups.length; g ++ ) {
+
+								const group = groups[ g ];
+
+								material = isMultiMaterial === true
+									 ? object.material[ group.materialIndex ]
+									 : object.material;
+
+								if ( material === undefined ) continue;
+
+								for ( let i = group.start, l = group.start + group.count; i < l; i += 3 ) {
+
+									renderList.pushTriangle( indices[ i ], indices[ i + 1 ], indices[ i + 2 ], material );
+
+								}
+
+							}
+
+						} else {
+
+							for ( let i = 0, l = indices.length; i < l; i += 3 ) {
+
+								renderList.pushTriangle( indices[ i ], indices[ i + 1 ], indices[ i + 2 ], material );
+
+							}
+
+						}
+
+					} else {
+
+						if ( groups.length > 0 ) {
+
+							for ( let g = 0; g < groups.length; g ++ ) {
+
+								const group = groups[ g ];
+
+								material = isMultiMaterial === true
+									 ? object.material[ group.materialIndex ]
+									 : object.material;
+
+								if ( material === undefined ) continue;
+
+								for ( let i = group.start, l = group.start + group.count; i < l; i += 3 ) {
+
+									renderList.pushTriangle( i, i + 1, i + 2, material );
+
+								}
+
+							}
+
+						} else {
+
+							for ( let i = 0, l = positions.length / 3; i < l; i += 3 ) {
+
+								renderList.pushTriangle( i, i + 1, i + 2, material );
+
+							}
+
+						}
+
+					}
+
+				} else if ( object.isLine ) {
+
+					_modelViewProjectionMatrix.multiplyMatrices( _viewProjectionMatrix, _modelMatrix );
+
+					const attributes = geometry.attributes;
+
+					if ( attributes.position !== undefined ) {
+
+						const positions = attributes.position.array;
+
+						for ( let i = 0, l = positions.length; i < l; i += 3 ) {
+
+							renderList.pushVertex( positions[ i ], positions[ i + 1 ], positions[ i + 2 ] );
+
+						}
+
+						if ( attributes.color !== undefined ) {
+
+							const colors = attributes.color.array;
+
+							for ( let i = 0, l = colors.length; i < l; i += 3 ) {
+
+								renderList.pushColor( colors[ i ], colors[ i + 1 ], colors[ i + 2 ] );
+
+							}
+
+						}
+
+						if ( geometry.index !== null ) {
+
+							const indices = geometry.index.array;
+
+							for ( let i = 0, l = indices.length; i < l; i += 2 ) {
+
+								renderList.pushLine( indices[ i ], indices[ i + 1 ] );
+
+							}
+
+						} else {
+
+							const step = object.isLineSegments ? 2 : 1;
+
+							for ( let i = 0, l = ( positions.length / 3 ) - 1; i < l; i += step ) {
+
+								renderList.pushLine( i, i + 1 );
+
+							}
+
+						}
+
+					}
+
+				} else if ( object.isPoints ) {
+
+					_modelViewProjectionMatrix.multiplyMatrices( _viewProjectionMatrix, _modelMatrix );
+
+					const attributes = geometry.attributes;
+
+					if ( attributes.position !== undefined ) {
+
+						const positions = attributes.position.array;
+
+						for ( let i = 0, l = positions.length; i < l; i += 3 ) {
+
+							_vector4.set( positions[ i ], positions[ i + 1 ], positions[ i + 2 ], 1 );
+							_vector4.applyMatrix4( _modelViewProjectionMatrix );
+
+							pushPoint( _vector4, object, camera );
+
+						}
+
+					}
+
+				} else if ( object.isSprite ) {
+
+					object.modelViewMatrix.multiplyMatrices( camera.matrixWorldInverse, object.matrixWorld );
+					_vector4.set( _modelMatrix.elements[ 12 ], _modelMatrix.elements[ 13 ], _modelMatrix.elements[ 14 ], 1 );
+					_vector4.applyMatrix4( _viewProjectionMatrix );
+
+					pushPoint( _vector4, object, camera );
+
+				}
+
+			}
+
+			if ( sortElements === true ) {
+
+				_renderData.elements.sort( painterSort );
+
+			}
+
+			return _renderData;
+
+		};
+
+		function pushPoint( _vector4, object, camera ) {
+
+			const invW = 1 / _vector4.w;
+
+			_vector4.z *= invW;
+
+			if ( _vector4.z >= - 1 && _vector4.z <= 1 ) {
+
+				_sprite = getNextSpriteInPool();
+				_sprite.id = object.id;
+				_sprite.x = _vector4.x * invW;
+				_sprite.y = _vector4.y * invW;
+				_sprite.z = _vector4.z;
+				_sprite.renderOrder = object.renderOrder;
+				_sprite.object = object;
+
+				_sprite.rotation = object.rotation;
+
+				_sprite.scale.x = object.scale.x * Math.abs( _sprite.x - ( _vector4.x + camera.projectionMatrix.elements[ 0 ] ) / ( _vector4.w + camera.projectionMatrix.elements[ 12 ] ) );
+				_sprite.scale.y = object.scale.y * Math.abs( _sprite.y - ( _vector4.y + camera.projectionMatrix.elements[ 5 ] ) / ( _vector4.w + camera.projectionMatrix.elements[ 13 ] ) );
+
+				_sprite.material = object.material;
+
+				_renderData.elements.push( _sprite );
+
+			}
+
+		}
+
+		// Pools
+
+		function getNextObjectInPool() {
+
+			if ( _objectCount === _objectPoolLength ) {
+
+				const object = new RenderableObject();
+				_objectPool.push( object );
+				_objectPoolLength ++;
+				_objectCount ++;
+				return object;
+
+			}
+
+			return _objectPool[ _objectCount ++ ];
+
+		}
+
+		function getNextVertexInPool() {
+
+			if ( _vertexCount === _vertexPoolLength ) {
+
+				const vertex = new RenderableVertex();
+				_vertexPool.push( vertex );
+				_vertexPoolLength ++;
+				_vertexCount ++;
+				return vertex;
+
+			}
+
+			return _vertexPool[ _vertexCount ++ ];
+
+		}
+
+		function getNextFaceInPool() {
+
+			if ( _faceCount === _facePoolLength ) {
+
+				const face = new RenderableFace();
+				_facePool.push( face );
+				_facePoolLength ++;
+				_faceCount ++;
+				return face;
+
+			}
+
+			return _facePool[ _faceCount ++ ];
+
+
+		}
+
+		function getNextLineInPool() {
+
+			if ( _lineCount === _linePoolLength ) {
+
+				const line = new RenderableLine();
+				_linePool.push( line );
+				_linePoolLength ++;
+				_lineCount ++;
+				return line;
+
+			}
+
+			return _linePool[ _lineCount ++ ];
+
+		}
+
+		function getNextSpriteInPool() {
+
+			if ( _spriteCount === _spritePoolLength ) {
+
+				const sprite = new RenderableSprite();
+				_spritePool.push( sprite );
+				_spritePoolLength ++;
+				_spriteCount ++;
+				return sprite;
+
+			}
+
+			return _spritePool[ _spriteCount ++ ];
+
+		}
+
+		//
+
+		function painterSort( a, b ) {
+
+			if ( a.renderOrder !== b.renderOrder ) {
+
+				return a.renderOrder - b.renderOrder;
+
+			} else if ( a.z !== b.z ) {
+
+				return b.z - a.z;
+
+			} else if ( a.id !== b.id ) {
+
+				return a.id - b.id;
+
+			} else {
+
+				return 0;
+
+			}
+
+		}
+
+		// Sutherland-Hodgman triangle clipping in homogeneous clip space
+		// Returns count of vertices in clipped polygon (0 if completely clipped, 3+ if partially clipped)
+		// Result vertices are in _clipInput array
+		function clipTriangle( vertices ) {
+
+			// Initialize input with the three input vertices
+			_clipInput[ 0 ] = vertices[ 0 ];
+			_clipInput[ 1 ] = vertices[ 1 ];
+			_clipInput[ 2 ] = vertices[ 2 ];
+
+			let inputCount = 3;
+			let outputCount = 0;
+
+			for ( let p = 0; p < _clipPlanes.length; p ++ ) {
+
+				const plane = _clipPlanes[ p ];
+				outputCount = 0;
+
+				if ( inputCount === 0 ) break;
+
+				for ( let i = 0; i < inputCount; i ++ ) {
+
+					const v1 = _clipInput[ i ];
+					const v2 = _clipInput[ ( i + 1 ) % inputCount ];
+
+					const d1 = plane.sign * v1.z + v1.w;
+					const d2 = plane.sign * v2.z + v2.w;
+
+					const v1Inside = d1 >= 0;
+					const v2Inside = d2 >= 0;
+
+					if ( v1Inside && v2Inside ) {
+
+						// Both inside - add v1
+						_clipOutput[ outputCount ++ ] = v1;
+
+					} else if ( v1Inside && ! v2Inside ) {
+
+						// v1 inside, v2 outside - add v1 and intersection
+						_clipOutput[ outputCount ++ ] = v1;
+
+						const t = d1 / ( d1 - d2 );
+						let intersection = _clipVertexPool[ outputCount ];
+						if ( ! intersection ) {
+
+							intersection = new Vector4();
+							_clipVertexPool[ outputCount ] = intersection;
+
+						}
+
+						intersection.lerpVectors( v1, v2, t );
+						_clipOutput[ outputCount ++ ] = intersection;
+
+					} else if ( ! v1Inside && v2Inside ) {
+
+						// v1 outside, v2 inside - add intersection only
+						const t = d1 / ( d1 - d2 );
+						let intersection = _clipVertexPool[ outputCount ];
+						if ( ! intersection ) {
+
+							intersection = new Vector4();
+							_clipVertexPool[ outputCount ] = intersection;
+
+						}
+
+						intersection.lerpVectors( v1, v2, t );
+						_clipOutput[ outputCount ++ ] = intersection;
+
+					}
+
+					// Both outside - add nothing
+
+				}
+
+				// Swap input/output
+				const temp = _clipInput;
+				_clipInput = _clipOutput;
+				_clipOutput = temp;
+				inputCount = outputCount;
+
+			}
+
+			return inputCount;
+
+		}
+
+		function clipLine( s1, s2 ) {
+
+			let alpha1 = 0, alpha2 = 1;
+
+			// Calculate the boundary coordinate of each vertex for the near and far clip planes,
+			// Z = -1 and Z = +1, respectively.
+
+			const bc1near = s1.z + s1.w,
+				bc2near = s2.z + s2.w,
+				bc1far = - s1.z + s1.w,
+				bc2far = - s2.z + s2.w;
+
+			if ( bc1near >= 0 && bc2near >= 0 && bc1far >= 0 && bc2far >= 0 ) {
+
+				// Both vertices lie entirely within all clip planes.
+				return true;
+
+			} else if ( ( bc1near < 0 && bc2near < 0 ) || ( bc1far < 0 && bc2far < 0 ) ) {
+
+				// Both vertices lie entirely outside one of the clip planes.
+				return false;
+
+			} else {
+
+				// The line segment spans at least one clip plane.
+
+				if ( bc1near < 0 ) {
+
+					// v1 lies outside the near plane, v2 inside
+					alpha1 = Math.max( alpha1, bc1near / ( bc1near - bc2near ) );
+
+				} else if ( bc2near < 0 ) {
+
+					// v2 lies outside the near plane, v1 inside
+					alpha2 = Math.min( alpha2, bc1near / ( bc1near - bc2near ) );
+
+				}
+
+				if ( bc1far < 0 ) {
+
+					// v1 lies outside the far plane, v2 inside
+					alpha1 = Math.max( alpha1, bc1far / ( bc1far - bc2far ) );
+
+				} else if ( bc2far < 0 ) {
+
+					// v2 lies outside the far plane, v2 inside
+					alpha2 = Math.min( alpha2, bc1far / ( bc1far - bc2far ) );
+
+				}
+
+				if ( alpha2 < alpha1 ) {
+
+					// The line segment spans two boundaries, but is outside both of them.
+					// (This can't happen when we're only clipping against just near/far but good
+					//  to leave the check here for future usage if other clip planes are added.)
+					return false;
+
+				} else {
+
+					// Update the s1 and s2 vertices to match the clipped line segment.
+					s1.lerp( s2, alpha1 );
+					s2.lerp( s1, 1 - alpha2 );
+
+					return true;
+
+				}
+
+			}
+
+		}
+
+	}
+
+}
+
+export { RenderableObject, RenderableFace, RenderableVertex, RenderableLine, RenderableSprite, Projector };