@gnsx/three 0.184.0

package/src/core/BufferGeometry.js

@@ -0,0 +1,1458 @@
+import { Vector3 } from '../math/Vector3.js';
+import { Vector2 } from '../math/Vector2.js';
+import { Box3 } from '../math/Box3.js';
+import { EventDispatcher } from './EventDispatcher.js';
+import { BufferAttribute, Float32BufferAttribute, Uint16BufferAttribute, Uint32BufferAttribute } from './BufferAttribute.js';
+import { Sphere } from '../math/Sphere.js';
+import { Object3D } from './Object3D.js';
+import { Matrix4 } from '../math/Matrix4.js';
+import { Matrix3 } from '../math/Matrix3.js';
+import { generateUUID } from '../math/MathUtils.js';
+import { arrayNeedsUint32, warn, error } from '../utils.js';
+
+let _id = 0;
+
+const _m1 = /*@__PURE__*/ new Matrix4();
+const _obj = /*@__PURE__*/ new Object3D();
+const _offset = /*@__PURE__*/ new Vector3();
+const _box = /*@__PURE__*/ new Box3();
+const _boxMorphTargets = /*@__PURE__*/ new Box3();
+const _vector = /*@__PURE__*/ new Vector3();
+
+/**
+ * A representation of mesh, line, or point geometry. Includes vertex
+ * positions, face indices, normals, colors, UVs, and custom attributes
+ * within buffers, reducing the cost of passing all this data to the GPU.
+ *
+ * ```js
+ * const geometry = new THREE.BufferGeometry();
+ * // create a simple square shape. We duplicate the top left and bottom right
+ * // vertices because each vertex needs to appear once per triangle.
+ * const vertices = new Float32Array( [
+ * 	-1.0, -1.0,  1.0, // v0
+ * 	 1.0, -1.0,  1.0, // v1
+ * 	 1.0,  1.0,  1.0, // v2
+ *
+ * 	 1.0,  1.0,  1.0, // v3
+ * 	-1.0,  1.0,  1.0, // v4
+ * 	-1.0, -1.0,  1.0  // v5
+ * ] );
+ * // itemSize = 3 because there are 3 values (components) per vertex
+ * geometry.setAttribute( 'position', new THREE.BufferAttribute( vertices, 3 ) );
+ * const material = new THREE.MeshBasicMaterial( { color: 0xff0000 } );
+ * const mesh = new THREE.Mesh( geometry, material );
+ * ```
+ *
+ * @augments EventDispatcher
+ */
+class BufferGeometry extends EventDispatcher {
+
+	/**
+	 * Constructs a new geometry.
+	 */
+	constructor() {
+
+		super();
+
+		/**
+		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
+		 *
+		 * @type {boolean}
+		 * @readonly
+		 * @default true
+		 */
+		this.isBufferGeometry = true;
+
+		/**
+		 * The ID of the geometry.
+		 *
+		 * @name BufferGeometry#id
+		 * @type {number}
+		 * @readonly
+		 */
+		Object.defineProperty( this, 'id', { value: _id ++ } );
+
+		/**
+		 * The UUID of the geometry.
+		 *
+		 * @type {string}
+		 * @readonly
+		 */
+		this.uuid = generateUUID();
+
+		/**
+		 * The name of the geometry.
+		 *
+		 * @type {string}
+		 */
+		this.name = '';
+		this.type = 'BufferGeometry';
+
+		/**
+		 * Allows for vertices to be re-used across multiple triangles; this is
+		 * called using "indexed triangles". Each triangle is associated with the
+		 * indices of three vertices. This attribute therefore stores the index of
+		 * each vertex for each triangular face. If this attribute is not set, the
+		 * renderer assumes that each three contiguous positions represent a single triangle.
+		 *
+		 * @type {?BufferAttribute}
+		 * @default null
+		 */
+		this.index = null;
+
+		/**
+		 * A (storage) buffer attribute which was generated with a compute shader and
+		 * now defines indirect draw calls.
+		 *
+		 * Can only be used with {@link WebGPURenderer} and a WebGPU backend.
+		 *
+		 * @type {?BufferAttribute}
+		 * @default null
+		 */
+		this.indirect = null;
+
+		/**
+		 * The offset, in bytes, into the indirect drawing buffer where the value data begins. If an array is provided, multiple indirect draw calls will be made for each offset.
+		 *
+		 * Can only be used with {@link WebGPURenderer} and a WebGPU backend.
+		 *
+		 * @type {number|Array<number>}
+		 * @default 0
+		 */
+		this.indirectOffset = 0;
+
+		/**
+		 * This dictionary has as id the name of the attribute to be set and as value
+		 * the buffer attribute to set it to. Rather than accessing this property directly,
+		 * use `setAttribute()` and `getAttribute()` to access attributes of this geometry.
+		 *
+		 * @type {Object<string,(BufferAttribute|InterleavedBufferAttribute)>}
+		 */
+		this.attributes = {};
+
+		/**
+		 * This dictionary holds the morph targets of the geometry.
+		 *
+		 * Note: Once the geometry has been rendered, the morph attribute data cannot
+		 * be changed. You will have to call `dispose()`, and create a new geometry instance.
+		 *
+		 * @type {Object}
+		 */
+		this.morphAttributes = {};
+
+		/**
+		 * Used to control the morph target behavior; when set to `true`, the morph
+		 * target data is treated as relative offsets, rather than as absolute
+		 * positions/normals.
+		 *
+		 * @type {boolean}
+		 * @default false
+		 */
+		this.morphTargetsRelative = false;
+
+		/**
+		 * Split the geometry into groups, each of which will be rendered in a
+		 * separate draw call. This allows an array of materials to be used with the geometry.
+		 *
+		 * Use `addGroup()` and `clearGroups()` to edit groups, rather than modifying this array directly.
+		 *
+		 * Every vertex and index must belong to exactly one group — groups must not share vertices or
+		 * indices, and must not leave vertices or indices unused.
+		 *
+		 * @type {Array<Object>}
+		 */
+		this.groups = [];
+
+		/**
+		 * Bounding box for the geometry which can be calculated with `computeBoundingBox()`.
+		 *
+		 * @type {?Box3}
+		 * @default null
+		 */
+		this.boundingBox = null;
+
+		/**
+		 * Bounding sphere for the geometry which can be calculated with `computeBoundingSphere()`.
+		 *
+		 * @type {?Sphere}
+		 * @default null
+		 */
+		this.boundingSphere = null;
+
+		/**
+		 * Determines the part of the geometry to render. This should not be set directly,
+		 * instead use `setDrawRange()`.
+		 *
+		 * @type {{start:number,count:number}}
+		 */
+		this.drawRange = { start: 0, count: Infinity };
+
+		/**
+		 * An object that can be used to store custom data about the geometry.
+		 * It should not hold references to functions as these will not be cloned.
+		 *
+		 * @type {Object}
+		 */
+		this.userData = {};
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns the index of this geometry.
+	 *
+	 * @return {?BufferAttribute} The index. Returns `null` if no index is defined.
+	 */
+	getIndex() {
+
+		return this.index;
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Sets the given index to this geometry.
+	 *
+	 * @param {Array<number>|BufferAttribute} index - The index to set.
+	 * @return {BufferGeometry} A reference to this instance.
+	 */
+	setIndex( index ) {
+
+		if ( Array.isArray( index ) ) {
+
+			this.index = new ( arrayNeedsUint32( index ) ? Uint32BufferAttribute : Uint16BufferAttribute )( index, 1 );
+
+		} else {
+
+			this.index = index;
+
+		}
+
+		return this;
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Sets the given indirect attribute to this geometry.
+	 *
+	 * @param {BufferAttribute} indirect - The attribute holding indirect draw calls.
+	 * @param {number|Array<number>} [indirectOffset=0] - The offset, in bytes, into the indirect drawing buffer where the value data begins. If an array is provided, multiple indirect draw calls will be made for each offset.
+	 * @return {BufferGeometry} A reference to this instance.
+	 */
+	setIndirect( indirect, indirectOffset = 0 ) {
+
+		this.indirect = indirect;
+		this.indirectOffset = indirectOffset;
+
+		return this;
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns the indirect attribute of this geometry.
+	 *
+	 * @return {?BufferAttribute} The indirect attribute. Returns `null` if no indirect attribute is defined.
+	 */
+	getIndirect() {
+
+		return this.indirect;
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns the buffer attribute for the given name.
+	 *
+	 * @param {string} name - The attribute name.
+	 * @return {BufferAttribute|InterleavedBufferAttribute|undefined} The buffer attribute.
+	 * Returns `undefined` if not attribute has been found.
+	 */
+	getAttribute( name ) {
+
+		return this.attributes[ name ];
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Sets the given attribute for the given name.
+	 *
+	 * @param {string} name - The attribute name.
+	 * @param {BufferAttribute|InterleavedBufferAttribute} attribute - The attribute to set.
+	 * @return {BufferGeometry} A reference to this instance.
+	 */
+	setAttribute( name, attribute ) {
+
+		this.attributes[ name ] = attribute;
+
+		return this;
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Deletes the attribute for the given name.
+	 *
+	 * @param {string} name - The attribute name to delete.
+	 * @return {BufferGeometry} A reference to this instance.
+	 */
+	deleteAttribute( name ) {
+
+		delete this.attributes[ name ];
+
+		return this;
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns `true` if this geometry has an attribute for the given name.
+	 *
+	 * @param {string} name - The attribute name.
+	 * @return {boolean} Whether this geometry has an attribute for the given name or not.
+	 */
+	hasAttribute( name ) {
+
+		return this.attributes[ name ] !== undefined;
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Adds a group to this geometry.
+	 *
+	 * @param {number} start - The first element in this draw call. That is the first
+	 * vertex for non-indexed geometry, otherwise the first triangle index.
+	 * @param {number} count - Specifies how many vertices (or indices) are part of this group.
+	 * @param {number} [materialIndex=0] - The material array index to use.
+	 */
+	addGroup( start, count, materialIndex = 0 ) {
+
+		this.groups.push( {
+
+			start: start,
+			count: count,
+			materialIndex: materialIndex
+
+		} );
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Clears all groups.
+	 */
+	clearGroups() {
+
+		this.groups = [];
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Sets the draw range for this geometry.
+	 *
+	 * @param {number} start - The first vertex for non-indexed geometry, otherwise the first triangle index.
+	 * @param {number} count - For non-indexed BufferGeometry, `count` is the number of vertices to render.
+	 * For indexed BufferGeometry, `count` is the number of indices to render.
+	 */
+	setDrawRange( start, count ) {
+
+		this.drawRange.start = start;
+		this.drawRange.count = count;
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Applies the given 4x4 transformation matrix to the geometry.
+	 *
+	 * @param {Matrix4} matrix - The matrix to apply.
+	 * @return {BufferGeometry} A reference to this instance.
+	 */
+	applyMatrix4( matrix ) {
+
+		const position = this.attributes.position;
+
+		if ( position !== undefined ) {
+
+			position.applyMatrix4( matrix );
+
+			position.needsUpdate = true;
+
+		}
+
+		const normal = this.attributes.normal;
+
+		if ( normal !== undefined ) {
+
+			const normalMatrix = new Matrix3().getNormalMatrix( matrix );
+
+			normal.applyNormalMatrix( normalMatrix );
+
+			normal.needsUpdate = true;
+
+		}
+
+		const tangent = this.attributes.tangent;
+
+		if ( tangent !== undefined ) {
+
+			tangent.transformDirection( matrix );
+
+			tangent.needsUpdate = true;
+
+		}
+
+		if ( this.boundingBox !== null ) {
+
+			this.computeBoundingBox();
+
+		}
+
+		if ( this.boundingSphere !== null ) {
+
+			this.computeBoundingSphere();
+
+		}
+
+		return this;
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Applies the rotation represented by the Quaternion to the geometry.
+	 *
+	 * @param {Quaternion} q - The Quaternion to apply.
+	 * @return {BufferGeometry} A reference to this instance.
+	 */
+	applyQuaternion( q ) {
+
+		_m1.makeRotationFromQuaternion( q );
+
+		this.applyMatrix4( _m1 );
+
+		return this;
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Rotates the geometry about the X axis. This is typically done as a one time
+	 * operation, and not during a loop. Use {@link Object3D#rotation} for typical
+	 * real-time mesh rotation.
+	 *
+	 * @param {number} angle - The angle in radians.
+	 * @return {BufferGeometry} A reference to this instance.
+	 */
+	rotateX( angle ) {
+
+		// rotate geometry around world x-axis
+
+		_m1.makeRotationX( angle );
+
+		this.applyMatrix4( _m1 );
+
+		return this;
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Rotates the geometry about the Y axis. This is typically done as a one time
+	 * operation, and not during a loop. Use {@link Object3D#rotation} for typical
+	 * real-time mesh rotation.
+	 *
+	 * @param {number} angle - The angle in radians.
+	 * @return {BufferGeometry} A reference to this instance.
+	 */
+	rotateY( angle ) {
+
+		// rotate geometry around world y-axis
+
+		_m1.makeRotationY( angle );
+
+		this.applyMatrix4( _m1 );
+
+		return this;
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Rotates the geometry about the Z axis. This is typically done as a one time
+	 * operation, and not during a loop. Use {@link Object3D#rotation} for typical
+	 * real-time mesh rotation.
+	 *
+	 * @param {number} angle - The angle in radians.
+	 * @return {BufferGeometry} A reference to this instance.
+	 */
+	rotateZ( angle ) {
+
+		// rotate geometry around world z-axis
+
+		_m1.makeRotationZ( angle );
+
+		this.applyMatrix4( _m1 );
+
+		return this;
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Translates the geometry. This is typically done as a one time
+	 * operation, and not during a loop. Use {@link Object3D#position} for typical
+	 * real-time mesh rotation.
+	 *
+	 * @param {number} x - The x offset.
+	 * @param {number} y - The y offset.
+	 * @param {number} z - The z offset.
+	 * @return {BufferGeometry} A reference to this instance.
+	 */
+	translate( x, y, z ) {
+
+		// translate geometry
+
+		_m1.makeTranslation( x, y, z );
+
+		this.applyMatrix4( _m1 );
+
+		return this;
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Scales the geometry. This is typically done as a one time
+	 * operation, and not during a loop. Use {@link Object3D#scale} for typical
+	 * real-time mesh rotation.
+	 *
+	 * @param {number} x - The x scale.
+	 * @param {number} y - The y scale.
+	 * @param {number} z - The z scale.
+	 * @return {BufferGeometry} A reference to this instance.
+	 */
+	scale( x, y, z ) {
+
+		// scale geometry
+
+		_m1.makeScale( x, y, z );
+
+		this.applyMatrix4( _m1 );
+
+		return this;
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Rotates the geometry to face a point in 3D space. This is typically done as a one time
+	 * operation, and not during a loop. Use {@link Object3D#lookAt} for typical
+	 * real-time mesh rotation.
+	 *
+	 * @param {Vector3} vector - The target point.
+	 * @return {BufferGeometry} A reference to this instance.
+	 */
+	lookAt( vector ) {
+
+		_obj.lookAt( vector );
+
+		_obj.updateMatrix();
+
+		this.applyMatrix4( _obj.matrix );
+
+		return this;
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Center the geometry based on its bounding box.
+	 *
+	 * @return {BufferGeometry} A reference to this instance.
+	 */
+	center() {
+
+		this.computeBoundingBox();
+
+		this.boundingBox.getCenter( _offset ).negate();
+
+		this.translate( _offset.x, _offset.y, _offset.z );
+
+		return this;
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Defines a geometry by creating a `position` attribute based on the given array of points. The array
+	 * can hold 2D or 3D vectors. When using two-dimensional data, the `z` coordinate for all vertices is
+	 * set to `0`.
+	 *
+	 * If the method is used with an existing `position` attribute, the vertex data are overwritten with the
+	 * data from the array. The length of the array must match the vertex count.
+	 *
+	 * @param {Array<Vector2>|Array<Vector3>} points - The points.
+	 * @return {BufferGeometry} A reference to this instance.
+	 */
+	setFromPoints( points ) {
+
+		const positionAttribute = this.getAttribute( 'position' );
+
+		if ( positionAttribute === undefined ) {
+
+			const position = [];
+
+			for ( let i = 0, l = points.length; i < l; i ++ ) {
+
+				const point = points[ i ];
+				position.push( point.x, point.y, point.z || 0 );
+
+			}
+
+			this.setAttribute( 'position', new Float32BufferAttribute( position, 3 ) );
+
+		} else {
+
+			const l = Math.min( points.length, positionAttribute.count ); // make sure data do not exceed buffer size
+
+			for ( let i = 0; i < l; i ++ ) {
+
+				const point = points[ i ];
+				positionAttribute.setXYZ( i, point.x, point.y, point.z || 0 );
+
+			}
+
+			if ( points.length > positionAttribute.count ) {
+
+				warn( 'BufferGeometry: Buffer size too small for points data. Use .dispose() and create a new geometry.' );
+
+			}
+
+			positionAttribute.needsUpdate = true;
+
+		}
+
+		return this;
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Computes the bounding box of the geometry, and updates the `boundingBox` member.
+	 * The bounding box is not computed by the engine; it must be computed by your app.
+	 * You may need to recompute the bounding box if the geometry vertices are modified.
+	 */
+	computeBoundingBox() {
+
+		if ( this.boundingBox === null ) {
+
+			this.boundingBox = new Box3();
+
+		}
+
+		const position = this.attributes.position;
+		const morphAttributesPosition = this.morphAttributes.position;
+
+		if ( position && position.isGLBufferAttribute ) {
+
+			error( 'BufferGeometry.computeBoundingBox(): GLBufferAttribute requires a manual bounding box.', this );
+
+			this.boundingBox.set(
+				new Vector3( - Infinity, - Infinity, - Infinity ),
+				new Vector3( + Infinity, + Infinity, + Infinity )
+			);
+
+			return;
+
+		}
+
+		if ( position !== undefined ) {
+
+			this.boundingBox.setFromBufferAttribute( position );
+
+			// process morph attributes if present
+
+			if ( morphAttributesPosition ) {
+
+				for ( let i = 0, il = morphAttributesPosition.length; i < il; i ++ ) {
+
+					const morphAttribute = morphAttributesPosition[ i ];
+					_box.setFromBufferAttribute( morphAttribute );
+
+					if ( this.morphTargetsRelative ) {
+
+						_vector.addVectors( this.boundingBox.min, _box.min );
+						this.boundingBox.expandByPoint( _vector );
+
+						_vector.addVectors( this.boundingBox.max, _box.max );
+						this.boundingBox.expandByPoint( _vector );
+
+					} else {
+
+						this.boundingBox.expandByPoint( _box.min );
+						this.boundingBox.expandByPoint( _box.max );
+
+					}
+
+				}
+
+			}
+
+		} else {
+
+			this.boundingBox.makeEmpty();
+
+		}
+
+		if ( isNaN( this.boundingBox.min.x ) || isNaN( this.boundingBox.min.y ) || isNaN( this.boundingBox.min.z ) ) {
+
+			error( 'BufferGeometry.computeBoundingBox(): Computed min/max have NaN values. The "position" attribute is likely to have NaN values.', this );
+
+		}
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Computes the bounding sphere of the geometry, and updates the `boundingSphere` member.
+	 * The engine automatically computes the bounding sphere when it is needed, e.g., for ray casting or view frustum culling.
+	 * You may need to recompute the bounding sphere if the geometry vertices are modified.
+	 */
+	computeBoundingSphere() {
+
+		if ( this.boundingSphere === null ) {
+
+			this.boundingSphere = new Sphere();
+
+		}
+
+		const position = this.attributes.position;
+		const morphAttributesPosition = this.morphAttributes.position;
+
+		if ( position && position.isGLBufferAttribute ) {
+
+			error( 'BufferGeometry.computeBoundingSphere(): GLBufferAttribute requires a manual bounding sphere.', this );
+
+			this.boundingSphere.set( new Vector3(), Infinity );
+
+			return;
+
+		}
+
+		if ( position ) {
+
+			// first, find the center of the bounding sphere
+
+			const center = this.boundingSphere.center;
+
+			_box.setFromBufferAttribute( position );
+
+			// process morph attributes if present
+
+			if ( morphAttributesPosition ) {
+
+				for ( let i = 0, il = morphAttributesPosition.length; i < il; i ++ ) {
+
+					const morphAttribute = morphAttributesPosition[ i ];
+					_boxMorphTargets.setFromBufferAttribute( morphAttribute );
+
+					if ( this.morphTargetsRelative ) {
+
+						_vector.addVectors( _box.min, _boxMorphTargets.min );
+						_box.expandByPoint( _vector );
+
+						_vector.addVectors( _box.max, _boxMorphTargets.max );
+						_box.expandByPoint( _vector );
+
+					} else {
+
+						_box.expandByPoint( _boxMorphTargets.min );
+						_box.expandByPoint( _boxMorphTargets.max );
+
+					}
+
+				}
+
+			}
+
+			_box.getCenter( center );
+
+			// second, try to find a boundingSphere with a radius smaller than the
+			// boundingSphere of the boundingBox: sqrt(3) smaller in the best case
+
+			let maxRadiusSq = 0;
+
+			for ( let i = 0, il = position.count; i < il; i ++ ) {
+
+				_vector.fromBufferAttribute( position, i );
+
+				maxRadiusSq = Math.max( maxRadiusSq, center.distanceToSquared( _vector ) );
+
+			}
+
+			// process morph attributes if present
+
+			if ( morphAttributesPosition ) {
+
+				for ( let i = 0, il = morphAttributesPosition.length; i < il; i ++ ) {
+
+					const morphAttribute = morphAttributesPosition[ i ];
+					const morphTargetsRelative = this.morphTargetsRelative;
+
+					for ( let j = 0, jl = morphAttribute.count; j < jl; j ++ ) {
+
+						_vector.fromBufferAttribute( morphAttribute, j );
+
+						if ( morphTargetsRelative ) {
+
+							_offset.fromBufferAttribute( position, j );
+							_vector.add( _offset );
+
+						}
+
+						maxRadiusSq = Math.max( maxRadiusSq, center.distanceToSquared( _vector ) );
+
+					}
+
+				}
+
+			}
+
+			this.boundingSphere.radius = Math.sqrt( maxRadiusSq );
+
+			if ( isNaN( this.boundingSphere.radius ) ) {
+
+				error( 'BufferGeometry.computeBoundingSphere(): Computed radius is NaN. The "position" attribute is likely to have NaN values.', this );
+
+			}
+
+		}
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Calculates and adds a tangent attribute to this geometry.
+	 *
+	 * The computation is only supported for indexed geometries and if position, normal, and uv attributes
+	 * are defined. When using a tangent space normal map, prefer the MikkTSpace algorithm provided by
+	 * {@link BufferGeometryUtils#computeMikkTSpaceTangents} instead.
+	 */
+	computeTangents() {
+
+		const index = this.index;
+		const attributes = this.attributes;
+
+		// based on http://www.terathon.com/code/tangent.html
+		// (per vertex tangents)
+
+		if ( index === null ||
+			 attributes.position === undefined ||
+			 attributes.normal === undefined ||
+			 attributes.uv === undefined ) {
+
+			error( 'BufferGeometry: .computeTangents() failed. Missing required attributes (index, position, normal or uv)' );
+			return;
+
+		}
+
+		const positionAttribute = attributes.position;
+		const normalAttribute = attributes.normal;
+		const uvAttribute = attributes.uv;
+
+		if ( this.hasAttribute( 'tangent' ) === false ) {
+
+			this.setAttribute( 'tangent', new BufferAttribute( new Float32Array( 4 * positionAttribute.count ), 4 ) );
+
+		}
+
+		const tangentAttribute = this.getAttribute( 'tangent' );
+
+		const tan1 = [], tan2 = [];
+
+		for ( let i = 0; i < positionAttribute.count; i ++ ) {
+
+			tan1[ i ] = new Vector3();
+			tan2[ i ] = new Vector3();
+
+		}
+
+		const vA = new Vector3(),
+			vB = new Vector3(),
+			vC = new Vector3(),
+
+			uvA = new Vector2(),
+			uvB = new Vector2(),
+			uvC = new Vector2(),
+
+			sdir = new Vector3(),
+			tdir = new Vector3();
+
+		function handleTriangle( a, b, c ) {
+
+			vA.fromBufferAttribute( positionAttribute, a );
+			vB.fromBufferAttribute( positionAttribute, b );
+			vC.fromBufferAttribute( positionAttribute, c );
+
+			uvA.fromBufferAttribute( uvAttribute, a );
+			uvB.fromBufferAttribute( uvAttribute, b );
+			uvC.fromBufferAttribute( uvAttribute, c );
+
+			vB.sub( vA );
+			vC.sub( vA );
+
+			uvB.sub( uvA );
+			uvC.sub( uvA );
+
+			const r = 1.0 / ( uvB.x * uvC.y - uvC.x * uvB.y );
+
+			// silently ignore degenerate uv triangles having coincident or colinear vertices
+
+			if ( ! isFinite( r ) ) return;
+
+			sdir.copy( vB ).multiplyScalar( uvC.y ).addScaledVector( vC, - uvB.y ).multiplyScalar( r );
+			tdir.copy( vC ).multiplyScalar( uvB.x ).addScaledVector( vB, - uvC.x ).multiplyScalar( r );
+
+			tan1[ a ].add( sdir );
+			tan1[ b ].add( sdir );
+			tan1[ c ].add( sdir );
+
+			tan2[ a ].add( tdir );
+			tan2[ b ].add( tdir );
+			tan2[ c ].add( tdir );
+
+		}
+
+		let groups = this.groups;
+
+		if ( groups.length === 0 ) {
+
+			groups = [ {
+				start: 0,
+				count: index.count
+			} ];
+
+		}
+
+		for ( let i = 0, il = groups.length; i < il; ++ i ) {
+
+			const group = groups[ i ];
+
+			const start = group.start;
+			const count = group.count;
+
+			for ( let j = start, jl = start + count; j < jl; j += 3 ) {
+
+				handleTriangle(
+					index.getX( j + 0 ),
+					index.getX( j + 1 ),
+					index.getX( j + 2 )
+				);
+
+			}
+
+		}
+
+		const tmp = new Vector3(), tmp2 = new Vector3();
+		const n = new Vector3(), n2 = new Vector3();
+
+		function handleVertex( v ) {
+
+			n.fromBufferAttribute( normalAttribute, v );
+			n2.copy( n );
+
+			const t = tan1[ v ];
+
+			// Gram-Schmidt orthogonalize
+
+			tmp.copy( t );
+			tmp.sub( n.multiplyScalar( n.dot( t ) ) ).normalize();
+
+			// Calculate handedness
+
+			tmp2.crossVectors( n2, t );
+			const test = tmp2.dot( tan2[ v ] );
+			const w = ( test < 0.0 ) ? - 1.0 : 1.0;
+
+			tangentAttribute.setXYZW( v, tmp.x, tmp.y, tmp.z, w );
+
+		}
+
+		for ( let i = 0, il = groups.length; i < il; ++ i ) {
+
+			const group = groups[ i ];
+
+			const start = group.start;
+			const count = group.count;
+
+			for ( let j = start, jl = start + count; j < jl; j += 3 ) {
+
+				handleVertex( index.getX( j + 0 ) );
+				handleVertex( index.getX( j + 1 ) );
+				handleVertex( index.getX( j + 2 ) );
+
+			}
+
+		}
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Computes vertex normals for the given vertex data. For indexed geometries, the method sets
+	 * each vertex normal to be the average of the face normals of the faces that share that vertex.
+	 * For non-indexed geometries, vertices are not shared, and the method sets each vertex normal
+	 * to be the same as the face normal.
+	 */
+	computeVertexNormals() {
+
+		const index = this.index;
+		const positionAttribute = this.getAttribute( 'position' );
+
+		if ( positionAttribute !== undefined ) {
+
+			let normalAttribute = this.getAttribute( 'normal' );
+
+			if ( normalAttribute === undefined ) {
+
+				normalAttribute = new BufferAttribute( new Float32Array( positionAttribute.count * 3 ), 3 );
+				this.setAttribute( 'normal', normalAttribute );
+
+			} else {
+
+				// reset existing normals to zero
+
+				for ( let i = 0, il = normalAttribute.count; i < il; i ++ ) {
+
+					normalAttribute.setXYZ( i, 0, 0, 0 );
+
+				}
+
+			}
+
+			const pA = new Vector3(), pB = new Vector3(), pC = new Vector3();
+			const nA = new Vector3(), nB = new Vector3(), nC = new Vector3();
+			const cb = new Vector3(), ab = new Vector3();
+
+			// indexed elements
+
+			if ( index ) {
+
+				for ( let i = 0, il = index.count; i < il; i += 3 ) {
+
+					const vA = index.getX( i + 0 );
+					const vB = index.getX( i + 1 );
+					const vC = index.getX( i + 2 );
+
+					pA.fromBufferAttribute( positionAttribute, vA );
+					pB.fromBufferAttribute( positionAttribute, vB );
+					pC.fromBufferAttribute( positionAttribute, vC );
+
+					cb.subVectors( pC, pB );
+					ab.subVectors( pA, pB );
+					cb.cross( ab );
+
+					nA.fromBufferAttribute( normalAttribute, vA );
+					nB.fromBufferAttribute( normalAttribute, vB );
+					nC.fromBufferAttribute( normalAttribute, vC );
+
+					nA.add( cb );
+					nB.add( cb );
+					nC.add( cb );
+
+					normalAttribute.setXYZ( vA, nA.x, nA.y, nA.z );
+					normalAttribute.setXYZ( vB, nB.x, nB.y, nB.z );
+					normalAttribute.setXYZ( vC, nC.x, nC.y, nC.z );
+
+				}
+
+			} else {
+
+				// non-indexed elements (unconnected triangle soup)
+
+				for ( let i = 0, il = positionAttribute.count; i < il; i += 3 ) {
+
+					pA.fromBufferAttribute( positionAttribute, i + 0 );
+					pB.fromBufferAttribute( positionAttribute, i + 1 );
+					pC.fromBufferAttribute( positionAttribute, i + 2 );
+
+					cb.subVectors( pC, pB );
+					ab.subVectors( pA, pB );
+					cb.cross( ab );
+
+					normalAttribute.setXYZ( i + 0, cb.x, cb.y, cb.z );
+					normalAttribute.setXYZ( i + 1, cb.x, cb.y, cb.z );
+					normalAttribute.setXYZ( i + 2, cb.x, cb.y, cb.z );
+
+				}
+
+			}
+
+			this.normalizeNormals();
+
+			normalAttribute.needsUpdate = true;
+
+		}
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Ensures every normal vector in a geometry will have a magnitude of `1`. This will
+	 * correct lighting on the geometry surfaces.
+	 */
+	normalizeNormals() {
+
+		const normals = this.attributes.normal;
+
+		for ( let i = 0, il = normals.count; i < il; i ++ ) {
+
+			_vector.fromBufferAttribute( normals, i );
+
+			_vector.normalize();
+
+			normals.setXYZ( i, _vector.x, _vector.y, _vector.z );
+
+		}
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Return a new non-index version of this indexed geometry. If the geometry
+	 * is already non-indexed, the method is a NOOP.
+	 *
+	 * @return {BufferGeometry} The non-indexed version of this indexed geometry.
+	 */
+	toNonIndexed() {
+
+		function convertBufferAttribute( attribute, indices ) {
+
+			const array = attribute.array;
+			const itemSize = attribute.itemSize;
+			const normalized = attribute.normalized;
+
+			const array2 = new array.constructor( indices.length * itemSize );
+
+			let index = 0, index2 = 0;
+
+			for ( let i = 0, l = indices.length; i < l; i ++ ) {
+
+				if ( attribute.isInterleavedBufferAttribute ) {
+
+					index = indices[ i ] * attribute.data.stride + attribute.offset;
+
+				} else {
+
+					index = indices[ i ] * itemSize;
+
+				}
+
+				for ( let j = 0; j < itemSize; j ++ ) {
+
+					array2[ index2 ++ ] = array[ index ++ ];
+
+				}
+
+			}
+
+			return new BufferAttribute( array2, itemSize, normalized );
+
+		}
+
+		//
+
+		if ( this.index === null ) {
+
+			warn( 'BufferGeometry.toNonIndexed(): BufferGeometry is already non-indexed.' );
+			return this;
+
+		}
+
+		const geometry2 = new BufferGeometry();
+
+		const indices = this.index.array;
+		const attributes = this.attributes;
+
+		// attributes
+
+		for ( const name in attributes ) {
+
+			const attribute = attributes[ name ];
+
+			const newAttribute = convertBufferAttribute( attribute, indices );
+
+			geometry2.setAttribute( name, newAttribute );
+
+		}
+
+		// morph attributes
+
+		const morphAttributes = this.morphAttributes;
+
+		for ( const name in morphAttributes ) {
+
+			const morphArray = [];
+			const morphAttribute = morphAttributes[ name ]; // morphAttribute: array of Float32BufferAttributes
+
+			for ( let i = 0, il = morphAttribute.length; i < il; i ++ ) {
+
+				const attribute = morphAttribute[ i ];
+
+				const newAttribute = convertBufferAttribute( attribute, indices );
+
+				morphArray.push( newAttribute );
+
+			}
+
+			geometry2.morphAttributes[ name ] = morphArray;
+
+		}
+
+		geometry2.morphTargetsRelative = this.morphTargetsRelative;
+
+		// groups
+
+		const groups = this.groups;
+
+		for ( let i = 0, l = groups.length; i < l; i ++ ) {
+
+			const group = groups[ i ];
+			geometry2.addGroup( group.start, group.count, group.materialIndex );
+
+		}
+
+		return geometry2;
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Serializes the geometry into JSON.
+	 *
+	 * @return {Object} A JSON object representing the serialized geometry.
+	 */
+	toJSON() {
+
+		const data = {
+			metadata: {
+				version: 4.7,
+				type: 'BufferGeometry',
+				generator: 'BufferGeometry.toJSON'
+			}
+		};
+
+		// standard BufferGeometry serialization
+
+		data.uuid = this.uuid;
+		data.type = this.type;
+		if ( this.name !== '' ) data.name = this.name;
+		if ( Object.keys( this.userData ).length > 0 ) data.userData = this.userData;
+
+		if ( this.parameters !== undefined ) {
+
+			const parameters = this.parameters;
+
+			for ( const key in parameters ) {
+
+				if ( parameters[ key ] !== undefined ) data[ key ] = parameters[ key ];
+
+			}
+
+			return data;
+
+		}
+
+		// for simplicity the code assumes attributes are not shared across geometries, see #15811
+
+		data.data = { attributes: {} };
+
+		const index = this.index;
+
+		if ( index !== null ) {
+
+			data.data.index = {
+				type: index.array.constructor.name,
+				array: Array.prototype.slice.call( index.array )
+			};
+
+		}
+
+		const attributes = this.attributes;
+
+		for ( const key in attributes ) {
+
+			const attribute = attributes[ key ];
+
+			data.data.attributes[ key ] = attribute.toJSON( data.data );
+
+		}
+
+		const morphAttributes = {};
+		let hasMorphAttributes = false;
+
+		for ( const key in this.morphAttributes ) {
+
+			const attributeArray = this.morphAttributes[ key ];
+
+			const array = [];
+
+			for ( let i = 0, il = attributeArray.length; i < il; i ++ ) {
+
+				const attribute = attributeArray[ i ];
+
+				array.push( attribute.toJSON( data.data ) );
+
+			}
+
+			if ( array.length > 0 ) {
+
+				morphAttributes[ key ] = array;
+
+				hasMorphAttributes = true;
+
+			}
+
+		}
+
+		if ( hasMorphAttributes ) {
+
+			data.data.morphAttributes = morphAttributes;
+			data.data.morphTargetsRelative = this.morphTargetsRelative;
+
+		}
+
+		const groups = this.groups;
+
+		if ( groups.length > 0 ) {
+
+			data.data.groups = JSON.parse( JSON.stringify( groups ) );
+
+		}
+
+		const boundingSphere = this.boundingSphere;
+
+		if ( boundingSphere !== null ) {
+
+			data.data.boundingSphere = boundingSphere.toJSON();
+
+		}
+
+		return data;
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns a new geometry with copied values from this instance.
+	 *
+	 * @return {BufferGeometry} A clone of this instance.
+	 */
+	clone() {
+
+		return new this.constructor().copy( this );
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Copies the values of the given geometry to this instance.
+	 *
+	 * @param {BufferGeometry} source - The geometry to copy.
+	 * @return {BufferGeometry} A reference to this instance.
+	 */
+	copy( source ) {
+
+		// reset
+
+		this.index = null;
+		this.attributes = {};
+		this.morphAttributes = {};
+		this.groups = [];
+		this.boundingBox = null;
+		this.boundingSphere = null;
+
+		// used for storing cloned, shared data
+
+		const data = {};
+
+		// name
+
+		this.name = source.name;
+
+		// index
+
+		const index = source.index;
+
+		if ( index !== null ) {
+
+			this.setIndex( index.clone() );
+
+		}
+
+		// attributes
+
+		const attributes = source.attributes;
+
+		for ( const name in attributes ) {
+
+			const attribute = attributes[ name ];
+			this.setAttribute( name, attribute.clone( data ) );
+
+		}
+
+		// morph attributes
+
+		const morphAttributes = source.morphAttributes;
+
+		for ( const name in morphAttributes ) {
+
+			const array = [];
+			const morphAttribute = morphAttributes[ name ]; // morphAttribute: array of Float32BufferAttributes
+
+			for ( let i = 0, l = morphAttribute.length; i < l; i ++ ) {
+
+				array.push( morphAttribute[ i ].clone( data ) );
+
+			}
+
+			this.morphAttributes[ name ] = array;
+
+		}
+
+		this.morphTargetsRelative = source.morphTargetsRelative;
+
+		// groups
+
+		const groups = source.groups;
+
+		for ( let i = 0, l = groups.length; i < l; i ++ ) {
+
+			const group = groups[ i ];
+			this.addGroup( group.start, group.count, group.materialIndex );
+
+		}
+
+		// bounding box
+
+		const boundingBox = source.boundingBox;
+
+		if ( boundingBox !== null ) {
+
+			this.boundingBox = boundingBox.clone();
+
+		}
+
+		// bounding sphere
+
+		const boundingSphere = source.boundingSphere;
+
+		if ( boundingSphere !== null ) {
+
+			this.boundingSphere = boundingSphere.clone();
+
+		}
+
+		// draw range
+
+		this.drawRange.start = source.drawRange.start;
+		this.drawRange.count = source.drawRange.count;
+
+		// user data
+
+		this.userData = source.userData;
+
+		return this;
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Frees the GPU-related resources allocated by this instance. Call this
+	 * method whenever this instance is no longer used in your app.
+	 *
+	 * @fires BufferGeometry#dispose
+	 */
+	dispose() {
+
+		this.dispatchEvent( { type: 'dispose' } );
+
+	}
+
+}
+
+export { BufferGeometry };