@needle-tools/engine 3.28.6-beta → 3.28.7-beta.1

package/src/engine-components/export/usdz/ThreeUSDZExporter.ts

@@ -1,1774 +1,1774 @@
-import { Renderer } from '../../Renderer.js';
-import { GameObject } from '../../Component.js';
-import type { OffscreenCanvasExt } from '../../../engine/engine_shims.js';
-import '../../../engine/engine_shims.js';
-import {
-	PlaneGeometry,
-	Texture,
-	Uniform,
-	PerspectiveCamera,
-	Scene,
-	Mesh,
-	ShaderMaterial,
-	WebGLRenderer,
-	MathUtils,
-	Matrix4,
-	DoubleSide,
-	BufferGeometry,
-	Material,
-	Color,
-	MeshStandardMaterial,
-	MeshPhysicalMaterial,
-	Object3D,
-	MeshBasicMaterial,
-	Bone,
-	SkinnedMesh,
-	SRGBColorSpace,
-	AnimationClip,
-	OrthographicCamera,
-	BufferAttribute,
-	Vector4
-} from 'three';
-import * as fflate from 'three/examples/jsm/libs/fflate.module.js';
-
-function makeNameSafe( str ) {
-	str = str.replace( /[^a-zA-Z0-9_]/g, '' );
-
-	// if str does not start with a-zA-Z_ add _ to the beginning
-	if ( !str.match( /^[a-zA-Z_]/ ) )
-		str = '_' + str;
-
-	return str;
-}
-
-// TODO check if this works when bones in the skeleton are completely unordered
-function findCommonAncestor(objects: Object3D[]): Object3D | null {
-	if (objects.length === 0) return null;
-
-	const ancestors = objects.map((obj) => {
-		const objAncestors = new Array<Object3D>();
-		while (obj.parent) {
-			objAncestors.unshift(obj.parent);
-			obj = obj.parent;
-		}
-		return objAncestors;
-	});
-
-	//@ts-ignore – findLast seems to be missing in TypeScript types pre-5.x
-	const commonAncestor = ancestors[0].findLast((ancestor) => {
-		return ancestors.every((a) => a.includes(ancestor));
-	});
-
-	return commonAncestor || null;
-}
-
-function findStructuralNodesInBoneHierarchy(bones: Array<Object3D>) {
-
-	const commonAncestor = findCommonAncestor(bones);
-	// find all structural nodes – parents of bones that are not bones themselves
-	const structuralNodes = new Set<Object3D>();
-	for ( const bone of bones ) {
-		let current = bone.parent;
-		while ( current && current !== commonAncestor ) {
-			if ( !bones.includes(current) ) {
-				structuralNodes.add(current);
-			}
-			current = current.parent;
-		}
-	}
-
-	return structuralNodes;
-}
-
-class USDObject {
-
-	static USDObject_export_id = 0;
-	
-	uuid: string;
-	name: string;
-	matrix: Matrix4;
-	private _isDynamic: boolean;
-	get isDynamic() { return this._isDynamic; }
-	private set isDynamic( value ) { this._isDynamic = value; }
-	geometry: BufferGeometry | null;
-	material: MeshStandardMaterial | MeshBasicMaterial | Material | null;
-	camera: PerspectiveCamera | OrthographicCamera | null;
-	parent: USDObject | null;
-	skinnedMesh: SkinnedMesh | null;
-	children: Array<USDObject | null> = [];
-	animations: AnimationClip[] | null;
-	_eventListeners: {};
-
-	static createEmptyParent( object ) {
-
-		const emptyParent = new USDObject( MathUtils.generateUUID(), object.name + '_empty_' + ( USDObject.USDObject_export_id ++ ), object.matrix );
-		const parent = object.parent;
-		parent.add( emptyParent );
-		emptyParent.add( object );
-		emptyParent.isDynamic = true;
-		object.matrix = new Matrix4().identity();
-		return emptyParent;
-
-	}
-
-	static createEmpty() {
-		
-		const empty = new USDObject( MathUtils.generateUUID(), 'Empty_' + ( USDObject.USDObject_export_id ++ ), new Matrix4() );
-		empty.isDynamic = true;
-		return empty;
-	}
-
-	constructor( id, name, matrix, mesh: BufferGeometry | null = null, material: MeshStandardMaterial | MeshBasicMaterial | Material | null = null, camera: PerspectiveCamera | OrthographicCamera | null = null, skinnedMesh: SkinnedMesh | null = null, animations: AnimationClip[] | null = null ) {
-
-		this.uuid = id;
-		this.name = makeNameSafe( name );
-		this.matrix = matrix.clone();
-		this.geometry = mesh;
-		this.material = material;
-		this.camera = camera;
-		this.parent = null;
-		this.children = [];
-		this._eventListeners = {};
-		this._isDynamic = false;
-		this.skinnedMesh = skinnedMesh;
-		this.animations = animations;
-
-	}
-
-	is( obj ) {
-
-		if ( ! obj ) return false;
-		return this.uuid === obj.uuid;
-
-	}
-
-	isEmpty() {
-
-		return ! this.geometry;
-
-	}
-
-	clone() {
-
-		const clone = new USDObject( MathUtils.generateUUID(), this.name, this.matrix, this.geometry, this.material );
-		clone.isDynamic = this.isDynamic;
-		return clone;
-
-	}
-
-	deepClone() {
-
-		const clone = this.clone();
-		for ( const child of this.children ) {
-
-			if ( !child ) continue;
-			clone.add( child.deepClone() );
-
-		}
-
-		return clone;
-
-	}
-
-	getPath() {
-
-		let current = this.parent;
-		let path = this.name;
-		while ( current ) {
-
-			// StageRoot has a special path right now since there's additional Xforms for encapsulation.
-			// Better would be to actually model them as part of our object graph, but they're written separately,
-			// so currently we don't and instead work around that here.
-			const currentName = current.parent ? current.name : (current.name + "/Scenes/Scene");
-			path = currentName + '/' + path;
-			current = current.parent;
-
-		}
-
-		return '</' + path + '>';
-
-	}
-
-	add( child ) {
-
-		if ( child.parent ) {
-
-			child.parent.remove( child );
-
-		}
-
-		child.parent = this;
-		this.children.push( child );
-
-	}
-
-	remove( child ) {
-
-		const index = this.children.indexOf( child );
-		if ( index >= 0 ) {
-
-			if ( child.parent === this ) child.parent = null;
-			this.children.splice( index, 1 );
-
-		}
-
-	}
-
-	addEventListener( evt, listener ) {
-
-		if ( ! this._eventListeners[ evt ] ) this._eventListeners[ evt ] = [];
-		this._eventListeners[ evt ].push( listener );
-
-	}
-
-	removeEventListener( evt, listener ) {
-
-		if ( ! this._eventListeners[ evt ] ) return;
-		const index = this._eventListeners[ evt ].indexOf( listener );
-		if ( index >= 0 ) {
-
-			this._eventListeners[ evt ].splice( index, 1 );
-
-		}
-
-	}
-
-	onSerialize( writer, context ) {
-
-		const listeners = this._eventListeners[ 'serialize' ];
-		if ( listeners ) listeners.forEach( listener => listener( writer, context ) );
-
-	}
-
-}
-
-
-class USDDocument extends USDObject {
-
-	stageLength: number;
-
-	get isDocumentRoot() {
-
-		return true;
-
-	}
-	get isDynamic() {
-
-		return false;
-
-	}
-
-	constructor() {
-
-		super(undefined, 'StageRoot', new Matrix4(), null, null, null);
-		this.children = [];
-		this.stageLength = 200;
-
-	}
-
-	add( child: USDObject ) {
-
-		child.parent = this;
-		this.children.push( child );
-
-	}
-
-	remove( child: USDObject ) {
-
-		const index = this.children.indexOf( child );
-		if ( index >= 0 ) {
-
-			if ( child.parent === this ) child.parent = null;
-			this.children.splice( index, 1 );
-
-		}
-
-	}
-
-	traverse( callback: ( object: USDObject ) => void, current: USDObject | null = null ) {
-
-		if ( current !== null ) callback( current );
-		else current = this;
-		if ( current.children ) {
-
-			for ( const child of current.children ) {
-
-				this.traverse( callback, child );
-
-			}
-
-		}
-
-	}
-
-	findById( uuid: string ) {
-
-		let found = false;
-		function search( current ) {
-
-			if ( found ) return;
-			if ( current.uuid === uuid ) {
-
-				found = true;
-				return current;
-
-			}
-
-			if ( current.children ) {
-
-				for ( const child of current.children ) {
-
-					const res = search( child );
-					if ( res ) return res;
-
-				}
-
-			}
-
-		}
-
-		return search( this );
-
-	}
-
-
-	buildHeader( endTimeCode ) {
-
-		return `#usda 1.0
-(
-	customLayerData = {
-		string creator = "Needle Engine USDZExporter"
-	}
-	defaultPrim = "${makeNameSafe( this.name )}"
-	metersPerUnit = 1
-	upAxis = "Y"
-	startTimeCode = 0
-	endTimeCode = ${endTimeCode}
-	timeCodesPerSecond = 60
-	framesPerSecond = 60
-)
-`;
-
-	}
-
-}
-
-const newLine = '\n';
-const materialRoot = '</StageRoot/Materials';
-
-class USDWriter {
-	str: string;
-	indent: number;
-
-	constructor() {
-
-		this.str = '';
-		this.indent = 0;
-
-	}
-
-	clear() {
-
-		this.str = '';
-		this.indent = 0;
-
-	}
-
-	beginBlock( str: string | undefined = undefined, char = '{', createNewLine = true ) {
-
-		if ( str !== undefined ) {
-			str = this.applyIndent( str );
-			this.str += str;
-			if ( createNewLine ) {
-				this.str += newLine;
-				this.str += this.applyIndent( char );
-			}
-			else {
-				this.str += " " + char;
-			}
-		}
-		else {
-			this.str += this.applyIndent( char );
-		}
-		
-		this.str += newLine;
-		this.indent += 1;
-
-	}
-
-	closeBlock( char = '}' ) {
-
-		this.indent -= 1;
-		this.str += this.applyIndent( char ) + newLine;
-
-	}
-
-	beginArray( str ) {
-
-		str = this.applyIndent( str + ' = [' );
-		this.str += str;
-		this.str += newLine;
-		this.indent += 1;
-
-	}
-
-	closeArray() {
-
-		this.indent -= 1;
-		this.str += this.applyIndent( ']' ) + newLine;
-
-	}
-
-	appendLine( str = '' ) {
-
-		str = this.applyIndent( str );
-		this.str += str;
-		this.str += newLine;
-
-	}
-
-	toString() {
-
-		return this.str;
-
-	}
-
-	applyIndent( str ) {
-
-		let indents = '';
-		for ( let i = 0; i < this.indent; i ++ ) indents += '\t';
-		return indents + str;
-
-	}
-
-}
-
-declare type TextureMap = {[name: string]: {texture: Texture, scale?: Vector4}};
-
-class USDZExporterContext {
-	root: any;
-	exporter: any;
-	extensions: any;
-	quickLookCompatible: boolean;
-	materials: Map<string, Material>;
-	textures: TextureMap;
-	files: { [path: string]: Uint8Array | [Uint8Array, fflate.ZipOptions] | null | any }
-	document: USDDocument;
-	output: string;
-	animations: AnimationClip[];
-
-	constructor( root, exporter: USDZExporter, extensions, quickLookCompatible ) {
-
-		this.root = root;
-		this.exporter = exporter;
-		this.quickLookCompatible = quickLookCompatible;
-
-		if ( extensions )
-			this.extensions = extensions;
-
-		this.materials = new Map();
-		this.textures = {};
-		this.files = {};
-		this.document = new USDDocument();
-		this.output = '';
-		this.animations = [];
-
-	}
-
-}
-
-/**[documentation](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/arkit/usdz_schemas_for_ar/preliminary_anchoringapi/preliminary_anchoring_type) */
-export type Anchoring = "plane" | "image" | "face" | "none"
-/**[documentation](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/arkit/usdz_schemas_for_ar/preliminary_anchoringapi/preliminary_planeanchoring_alignment) */
-export type Alignment = "horizontal" | "vertical" | "any";
-
-class USDZExporterOptions {
-	ar: {
-		anchoring: { type: Anchoring },
-		planeAnchoring: { alignment: Alignment },
-	} = { 
-		anchoring: { type: 'plane' },
-		planeAnchoring: { alignment: 'horizontal' }
-	};
-	quickLookCompatible: boolean = false;
-	extensions: any[] = [];
-	maxTextureSize: number = 4096;
-}
-
-class USDZExporter {
-	debug: boolean;
-	sceneAnchoringOptions: {} = {};
-	extensions: any;
-
-	constructor() {
-
-		this.debug = false;
-
-	}
-
-	getEndTimeCode( animations ) {
-		let endTimeCode = 0;
-
-		for( const animation of animations ) {
-			const currentEndTimeCode = animation.duration * 60;
-
-			if ( endTimeCode < currentEndTimeCode ) {
-				endTimeCode = currentEndTimeCode;
-			}
-		}
-
-		return endTimeCode;
-	}
-
-	async parse( scene, options: USDZExporterOptions = new USDZExporterOptions() ) {
-
-		options = Object.assign( new USDZExporterOptions(), options );
-
-		this.sceneAnchoringOptions = options;
-		const context = new USDZExporterContext( scene, this, options.extensions, options.quickLookCompatible );
-		this.extensions = context.extensions;
-
-		const files = context.files;
-		const modelFileName = 'model.usda';
-
-		// model file should be first in USDZ archive so we init it here
-		files[ modelFileName ] = null;
-
-		const materials = context.materials;
-		const textures = context.textures;
-
-		await invokeAll( context, 'onBeforeBuildDocument' );
-
-		// HACK let's find all skeletons and reparent them to their skelroot / armature / uppermost bone parent
-		const reparentings: Array<any> = [];
-		scene.traverseVisible(object => {
-
-			if (object.isSkinnedMesh) {
-				const bones = object.skeleton.bones as Bone[];
-
-				const commonAncestor = findCommonAncestor(bones);
-				if (commonAncestor) {
-					reparentings.push( { object, originalParent: object.parent, newParent: commonAncestor } );
-				}
-			}
-		});
-
-		for ( const reparenting of reparentings ) {
-			const { object, originalParent, newParent } = reparenting;
-			if (this.debug) console.log("REPARENTING", object, "from", originalParent, "to", newParent);
-			newParent.add( object );
-		}
-
-		traverseVisible( scene, context.document, context );
-
-		await invokeAll( context, 'onAfterBuildDocument' );
-
-		parseDocument( context, () => {
-			// injected after stageRoot.
-			// TODO property use context/writer instead of string concat
-			return buildMaterials( materials, textures, options.quickLookCompatible );
-		} );
-
-		await invokeAll( context, 'onAfterSerialize' );
-
-		// repair the parenting again
-		for ( const reparenting of reparentings ) {
-			const { object, originalParent, newParent } = reparenting;
-			originalParent.add( object );
-		}
-
-		// Moved into parseDocument callback for proper defaultPrim encapsulation
-		// context.output += buildMaterials( materials, textures, options.quickLookCompatible );
-
-		const endTimeCode = this.getEndTimeCode( context.animations );
-		
-		const header = context.document.buildHeader( endTimeCode );
-		const final = header + '\n' + context.output;
-
-		// full output file
-		if ( this.debug )
-			console.log( final );
-
-		files[ modelFileName ] = fflate.strToU8( final );
-		context.output = '';
-
-		const decompressionRenderer = new WebGLRenderer( { antialias: false, alpha: true } );
-
-		for ( const id in textures ) {
-
-			const textureData = textures[ id ];
-			let texture = textureData.texture;
-
-			const isRGBA = formatsWithAlphaChannel.includes( texture.format );
-
-			//@ts-ignore
-			if ( texture.isCompressedTexture || texture.isRenderTargetTexture ) {
-
-				texture = decompressGpuTexture( texture, options.maxTextureSize, decompressionRenderer );
-
-			}
-			
-			const canvas = await imageToCanvas( texture.image, textureData.scale, false, options.maxTextureSize ).catch( err => {
-				console.error("Error converting texture to canvas", texture, err);
-			});
-
-			if ( canvas ) {
-
-				const blob = await canvas.convertToBlob( {type: isRGBA ? 'image/png' : 'image/jpeg', quality: 0.95 } );
-				files[ `textures/Texture_${id}.${isRGBA ? 'png' : 'jpg'}` ] = new Uint8Array( await blob.arrayBuffer() );
-
-			} else {
-
-				console.warn( 'Can`t export texture: ', texture );
-
-			}
-
-		}
-
-		decompressionRenderer.dispose();
-
-		// 64 byte alignment
-		// https://github.com/101arrowz/fflate/issues/39#issuecomment-777263109
-
-		let offset = 0;
-
-		for ( const filename in files ) {
-
-			const file = files[ filename ];
-			const headerSize = 34 + filename.length;
-
-			offset += headerSize;
-
-			const offsetMod64 = offset & 63;
-
-			if ( offsetMod64 !== 4 ) {
-
-				const padLength = 64 - offsetMod64;
-				const padding = new Uint8Array( padLength );
-
-				files[ filename ] = [ file, { extra: { 12345: padding } } ];
-
-			}
-
-			offset = file.length;
-
-		}
-
-		return fflate.zipSync( files, { level: 0 } );
-
-	}
-
-}
-
-function traverseVisible( object: Object3D, parentModel: USDObject, context: USDZExporterContext ) {
-
-	if ( ! object.visible ) return;
-	
-	let model: USDObject | undefined = undefined;
-	let geometry: BufferGeometry | undefined = undefined;
-	let material: Material | Material[] | undefined = undefined;
-	
-	if (object instanceof Mesh || object instanceof SkinnedMesh) {
-		geometry = object.geometry;
-		material = object.material;
-	}
-
-	// TODO what should be do with disabled renderers?
-	// Here we just assume they're off, and don't export them
-	const renderer = GameObject.getComponent( object, Renderer )
-	if (renderer && !renderer.enabled) {
-		geometry = undefined;
-		material = undefined;
-	}
-
-	if ( (object instanceof Mesh || object instanceof SkinnedMesh) && material && (material instanceof MeshStandardMaterial || material instanceof MeshBasicMaterial)) {
-
-		const name = getObjectId( object );
-		const skinnedMeshObject = object instanceof SkinnedMesh ? object : null;
-		model = new USDObject( object.uuid, name, object.matrix, geometry, material, undefined, skinnedMeshObject, object.animations );
-
-	} else if ( object instanceof PerspectiveCamera || object instanceof OrthographicCamera ) {
-
-		const name = getObjectId( object );
-		model = new USDObject( object.uuid, name, object.matrix, undefined, undefined, object );
-
-	} else {
-
-		const name = getObjectId( object );
-		model = new USDObject( object.uuid, name, object.matrix, undefined, undefined, undefined, undefined, object.animations );
-
-	}
-
-	if ( model ) {
-
-		if ( parentModel ) {
-
-			parentModel.add( model );
-
-		}
-
-		parentModel = model;
-
-		if ( context.extensions ) {
-
-			for ( const ext of context.extensions ) {
-
-				if ( ext.onExportObject ) ext.onExportObject.call( ext, object, model, context );
-
-			}
-
-		}
-
-	} else {
-
-		const name = getObjectId( object );
-		const empty = new USDObject( object.uuid, name, object.matrix );
-		if ( parentModel ) {
-
-			parentModel.add( empty );
-
-		}
-
-		parentModel = empty;
-
-	}
-
-	for ( const ch of object.children ) {
-
-		traverseVisible( ch, parentModel, context );
-
-	}
-
-}
-
-async function parseDocument( context: USDZExporterContext, afterStageRoot: () => string ) {
-
-	for ( const child of context.document.children ) {
-
-		addResources( child, context );
-
-	}
-
-	const writer = new USDWriter();
-
-	writer.beginBlock( `def Xform "${context.document.name}"` );
-
-	writer.beginBlock( `def Scope "Scenes" (
-		kind = "sceneLibrary"
-	)` );
-
-	writer.beginBlock( `def Xform "Scene" (
-			apiSchemas = ["Preliminary_AnchoringAPI"]
-			customData = {
-				bool preliminary_collidesWithEnvironment = 0
-				string sceneName = "Scene"
-			}
-			sceneName = "Scene"
-		)` );
-
-	writer.appendLine( `token preliminary:anchoring:type = "${context.exporter.sceneAnchoringOptions.ar.anchoring.type}"` );
-	if (context.exporter.sceneAnchoringOptions.ar.anchoring.type === 'plane')
-		writer.appendLine( `token preliminary:planeAnchoring:alignment = "${context.exporter.sceneAnchoringOptions.ar.planeAnchoring.alignment}"` );
-	// bit hacky as we don't have a callback here yet. Relies on the fact that the image is named identical in the ImageTracking extension.
-	if (context.exporter.sceneAnchoringOptions.ar.anchoring.type === 'image')
-		writer.appendLine( `rel preliminary:imageAnchoring:referenceImage = </${context.document.name}/Scenes/Scene/AnchoringReferenceImage>` );
-	writer.appendLine();
-
-	for ( const child of context.document.children ) {
-
-		buildXform( child, writer, context );
-
-	}
-
-	invokeAll( context, 'onAfterHierarchy', writer );
-
-	writer.closeBlock();
-	writer.closeBlock();
-	writer.appendLine(afterStageRoot());
-	writer.closeBlock();
-
-	context.output += writer.toString();
-
-}
-
-function addResources( object: USDObject | null, context: USDZExporterContext ) {
-
-	if ( object == null ) {
-		return;
-	}
-	const geometry = object.geometry;
-	const material = object.material;
-
-	if ( geometry ) {
-
-		if ( material && ( 'isMeshStandardMaterial' in material && material.isMeshStandardMaterial || 'isMeshBasicMaterial' in material && material.isMeshBasicMaterial ) )  { // TODO convert unlit to lit+emissive
-
-			const geometryFileName = 'geometries/Geometry_' + geometry.id + '.usd';
-
-			if ( ! ( geometryFileName in context.files ) ) {
-
-				const meshObject = buildMeshObject( geometry, object.skinnedMesh?.skeleton?.bones );
-				context.files[ geometryFileName ] = buildUSDFileAsString( meshObject, context );
-
-			}
-
-		} else {
-
-			console.warn( 'THREE.USDZExporter: Unsupported material type (USDZ only supports MeshStandardMaterial)', name );
-
-		}
-
-	}
-
-	if( material ) {
-		
-		if ( ! ( material.uuid in context.materials ) ) {
-
-			context.materials[ material.uuid ] = material;
-
-		}
-	}
-
-	for ( const ch of object.children ) {
-
-		addResources( ch, context );
-
-	}
-
-}
-
-async function invokeAll( context: USDZExporterContext, name: string, writer: USDWriter | null = null ) {
-
-	if ( context.extensions ) {
-
-		for ( const ext of context.extensions ) {
-
-			if ( !ext ) continue;
-
-			if ( typeof ext[ name ] === 'function' ) {
-
-				const method = ext[ name ];
-				const res = method.call( ext, context, writer );
-				if(res instanceof Promise) {
-					await res;
-				}
-			}
-
-		}
-
-	}
-
-}
-let _renderer: WebGLRenderer | null = null;
-let fullscreenQuadGeometry: PlaneGeometry | null;
-let fullscreenQuadMaterial: ShaderMaterial | null;
-let fullscreenQuad: Mesh | null;
-
-function decompressGpuTexture( texture, maxTextureSize = Infinity, renderer: WebGLRenderer | null = null ) {
-
-	if ( ! fullscreenQuadGeometry ) fullscreenQuadGeometry = new PlaneGeometry( 2, 2, 1, 1 );
-	if ( ! fullscreenQuadMaterial ) fullscreenQuadMaterial = new ShaderMaterial( {
-		uniforms: { blitTexture: new Uniform( texture ) },
-		vertexShader: `
-            varying vec2 vUv;
-            void main(){
-                vUv = uv;
-				vUv.y = 1. - vUv.y;
-                gl_Position = vec4(position.xy * 1.0,0.,.999999);
-            }`,
-		fragmentShader: `
-            uniform sampler2D blitTexture; 
-            varying vec2 vUv;
-
-            void main(){ 
-                gl_FragColor = vec4(vUv.xy, 0, 1);
-                
-                #ifdef IS_SRGB
-                gl_FragColor = LinearTosRGB( texture2D( blitTexture, vUv) );
-                #else
-                gl_FragColor = texture2D( blitTexture, vUv);
-                #endif
-				gl_FragColor.rgb *= gl_FragColor.a;
-            }`
-	} );
-
-	fullscreenQuadMaterial.uniforms.blitTexture.value = texture;
-	fullscreenQuadMaterial.defines.IS_SRGB = texture.colorSpace == SRGBColorSpace;
-	fullscreenQuadMaterial.needsUpdate = true;
-
-	if ( ! fullscreenQuad ) {
-
-		fullscreenQuad = new Mesh( fullscreenQuadGeometry, fullscreenQuadMaterial );
-		fullscreenQuad.frustumCulled = false;
-
-	}
-
-	const _camera = new PerspectiveCamera();
-	const _scene = new Scene();
-	_scene.add( fullscreenQuad );
-
-	if ( ! renderer ) {
-
-		renderer = _renderer = new WebGLRenderer( { antialias: false, alpha: true } );
-
-	}
-
-	renderer.setSize( Math.min( texture.image.width, maxTextureSize ), Math.min( texture.image.height, maxTextureSize ) );
-	renderer.clear();
-	renderer.render( _scene, _camera );
-
-	const readableTexture = new Texture( renderer.domElement );
-
-	readableTexture.minFilter = texture.minFilter;
-	readableTexture.magFilter = texture.magFilter;
-	readableTexture.wrapS = texture.wrapS;
-	readableTexture.wrapT = texture.wrapT;
-	readableTexture.name = texture.name;
-
-	if ( _renderer ) {
-
-		_renderer.dispose();
-		_renderer = null;
-
-	}
-
-	return readableTexture;
-
-}
-
-
-function isImageBitmap( image ) {
-
-	return ( typeof HTMLImageElement !== 'undefined' && image instanceof HTMLImageElement ) ||
-		( typeof HTMLCanvasElement !== 'undefined' && image instanceof HTMLCanvasElement ) ||
-		( typeof OffscreenCanvas !== 'undefined' && image instanceof OffscreenCanvas ) ||
-		( typeof ImageBitmap !== 'undefined' && image instanceof ImageBitmap );
-
-}
-
-async function imageToCanvas( image, color: Vector4 | undefined = undefined, flipY = false, maxTextureSize = 4096 ) {
-
-	if ( isImageBitmap( image ) ) {
-
-		// max. canvas size on Safari is still 4096x4096
-		const scale = maxTextureSize / Math.max( image.width, image.height );
-
-		const canvas = new OffscreenCanvas( image.width * Math.min( 1, scale ), image.height * Math.min( 1, scale ) );
-
-		const context = canvas.getContext( '2d' ) as OffscreenCanvasRenderingContext2D;
-		if (!context) throw new Error('Could not get canvas 2D context');
-
-		if ( flipY === true ) {
-
-			context.translate( 0, canvas.height );
-			context.scale( 1, - 1 );
-
-		}
-
-		context.drawImage( image, 0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height );
-
-		// Currently only used to apply opacity scale since QuickLook and usdview don't support that yet
-		if ( color !== undefined ) {
-
-			const r = color.x;
-			const g = color.y;
-			const b = color.z;
-			const a = color.w;
-
-			const imagedata = context.getImageData( 0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height );
-			const data = imagedata.data;
-
-			for ( let i = 0; i < data.length; i += 4 ) {
-
-				data[ i + 0 ] = data[ i + 0 ] * r;
-				data[ i + 1 ] = data[ i + 1 ] * g;
-				data[ i + 2 ] = data[ i + 2 ] * b;
-				data[ i + 3 ] = data[ i + 3 ] * a;
-
-			}
-
-			context.putImageData( imagedata, 0, 0 );
-
-		}
-
-		return canvas as OffscreenCanvasExt;
-
-	} else {
-
-		throw new Error( 'THREE.USDZExporter: No valid image data found. Unable to process texture.' );
-
-	}
-
-}
-
-//
-
-const PRECISION = 7;
-
-function buildHeader() {
-
-	return `#usda 1.0
-(
-    customLayerData = {
-        string creator = "Needle Engine USDZExporter"
-    }
-    metersPerUnit = 1
-    upAxis = "Y"
-)
-`;
-
-}
-
-function buildUSDFileAsString( dataToInsert, _context: USDZExporterContext ) {
-
-	let output = buildHeader();
-	output += dataToInsert;
-	return fflate.strToU8( output );
-
-}
-
-function getObjectId( object ) {
-
-	return object.name.replace( /[-<>\(\)\[\]§$%&\/\\\=\?\,\;]/g, '' ) + '_' + object.id;
-
-}
-
-function getBoneName(bone) {
-	return makeNameSafe(bone.name || 'bone_' + bone.uuid);
-}
-
-function getPathToSkeleton(bone: Object3D, assumedRoot: Object3D) {
-	let path = getBoneName(bone);
-	let current = bone.parent;
-	while ( current && current !== assumedRoot ) {
-		path = getBoneName(current) + '/' + path;
-		current = current.parent;
-	}
-	return path;
-}
-
-// Xform
-
-export function buildXform( model: USDObject | null, writer: USDWriter, context: USDZExporterContext ) {
-
-	if ( model == null)
-		return;
-
-	const matrix = model.matrix;
-	const geometry = model.geometry;
-	const material = model.material;
-	const camera = model.camera;
-	const name = model.name;
-
-	if ( model.animations ) {
-		for ( const animation of model.animations ) {
-			context.animations.push( animation )
-		}
-	}
-
-	const transform = buildMatrix( matrix );
-
-	if ( matrix.determinant() < 0 ) {
-
-		console.warn( 'THREE.USDZExporter: USDZ does not support negative scales', name );
-
-	}
-
-	const isSkinnedMesh = geometry && geometry.isBufferGeometry && geometry.attributes.skinIndex !== undefined && geometry.attributes.skinIndex.count > 0;
-	const objType = isSkinnedMesh ? 'SkelRoot' : 'Xform';
-	const apiSchemas = isSkinnedMesh ? '"MaterialBindingAPI", "SkelBindingAPI"' : '"MaterialBindingAPI"';
-
-	if ( geometry ) {
-		writer.beginBlock( `def ${objType} "${name}"`, "(", false );
-		if (context.quickLookCompatible && material && material.side === DoubleSide)
-			writer.appendLine(`prepend references = @./geometries/Geometry_${geometry.id}.usd@</Geometry_doubleSided>`);
-		else
-			writer.appendLine(`prepend references = @./geometries/Geometry_${geometry.id}.usd@</Geometry>`);
-		writer.appendLine(`prepend apiSchemas = [${apiSchemas}]`);
-		writer.closeBlock( ")" );
-		writer.beginBlock();
-	}
-	else if ( camera )
-		writer.beginBlock( `def Camera "${name}"` );
-	else
-		writer.beginBlock( `def Xform "${name}"` );
-
-	if ( geometry && material ) {
-		writer.appendLine( `rel material:binding = </StageRoot/Materials/Material_${material.id}>` );
-
-		// Turns out QuickLook / RealityKit doesn't support the doubleSided attribute, so we
-		// work around that by emitting additional indices above, and then we shouldn't emit the attribute either as geometry is
-		// already doubleSided then.
-		if (!context.quickLookCompatible && material.side === DoubleSide ) {
-			// double-sided is a mesh property in USD, we can apply it as `over` here
-			writer.beginBlock( `over "Geometry" `);
-			writer.appendLine( `uniform bool doubleSided = 1` );
-			writer.closeBlock();
-		}
-	}
-	if ( isSkinnedMesh ) {
-		writer.appendLine( `rel skel:skeleton = <Rig>` );
-		writer.appendLine( `rel skel:animationSource = <Rig/_anim>`);
-		writer.appendLine( `matrix4d xformOp:transform = ${buildMatrix(new Matrix4())}` ); // always identity / in world space
-	}
-	else {
-		writer.appendLine( `matrix4d xformOp:transform = ${transform}` );
-	}
-	writer.appendLine( 'uniform token[] xformOpOrder = ["xformOp:transform"]' );
-
-	if ( camera ) {
-
-		if ( 'isOrthographicCamera' in camera && camera.isOrthographicCamera ) {
-
-			writer.appendLine( `float2 clippingRange = (${camera.near}, ${camera.far})` );
-			writer.appendLine( `float horizontalAperture = ${( ( Math.abs( camera.left ) + Math.abs( camera.right ) ) * 10 ).toPrecision( PRECISION )}` );
-			writer.appendLine( `float verticalAperture = ${( ( Math.abs( camera.top ) + Math.abs( camera.bottom ) ) * 10 ).toPrecision( PRECISION )}` );
-			writer.appendLine( 'token projection = "orthographic"' );
-
-		} else if ( 'isPerspectiveCamera' in camera && camera.isPerspectiveCamera) {
-
-			writer.appendLine( `float2 clippingRange = (${camera.near.toPrecision( PRECISION )}, ${camera.far.toPrecision( PRECISION )})` );
-			writer.appendLine( `float focalLength = ${camera.getFocalLength().toPrecision( PRECISION )}` );
-			writer.appendLine( `float focusDistance = ${camera.focus.toPrecision( PRECISION )}` );
-			writer.appendLine( `float horizontalAperture = ${camera.getFilmWidth().toPrecision( PRECISION )}` );
-			writer.appendLine( 'token projection = "perspective"' );
-			writer.appendLine( `float verticalAperture = ${camera.getFilmHeight().toPrecision( PRECISION )}` );
-		}
-
-	}
-
-	if ( model.onSerialize ) {
-
-		model.onSerialize( writer, context );
-
-	}
-
-	if ( model.children ) {
-
-		writer.appendLine();
-		for ( const ch of model.children ) {
-
-			buildXform( ch, writer, context );
-
-		}
-
-	}
-
-	writer.closeBlock();
-
-}
-
-function fn( num:number ): string {
-
-	return Number.isInteger(num) ? num.toString() : num.toFixed( 10 );
-
-}
-
-function buildMatrix( matrix ) {
-
-	const array = matrix.elements;
-
-	return `( ${buildMatrixRow( array, 0 )}, ${buildMatrixRow( array, 4 )}, ${buildMatrixRow( array, 8 )}, ${buildMatrixRow( array, 12 )} )`;
-
-}
-
-function buildMatrixRow( array, offset ) {
-
-	return `(${fn( array[ offset + 0 ] )}, ${fn( array[ offset + 1 ] )}, ${fn( array[ offset + 2 ] )}, ${fn( array[ offset + 3 ] )})`;
-
-}
-
-// Mesh
-
-function buildMeshObject( geometry, bonesArray: Bone[] = [] ) {
-
-	const mesh = buildMesh( geometry, bonesArray );
-	return `
-def "Geometry"
-${mesh}
-`;
-
-}
-
-function buildMesh( geometry, bones: Bone[] = [] ) {
-
-	const name = 'Geometry';
-	const attributes = geometry.attributes;
-	const count = attributes.position.count;
-
-	const hasBones = bones && bones.length > 0;
-
-	// We need to sort bones and all skinning data by path –
-	// Neither glTF nor three.js care, but in USD they must be sorted
-	// since the array defines the virtual hierarchy and is evaluated in that order
-	const sortedBones: Array<{bone: Object3D, index: number}> = [];
-	const indexMapping: number[] = [];
-	let sortedSkinIndex = new Array<number>();
-	let sortedSkinIndexAttribute: BufferAttribute | null = attributes.skinIndex;
-	let bonesArray = "";
-	if (hasBones) {
-
-		for ( const index in bones ) {
-			sortedBones.push( { bone: bones[index], index: parseInt(index) } );
-		}
-
-		// add structural nodes to the list of bones
-		for ( const structuralNode of findStructuralNodesInBoneHierarchy(bones) ) {
-			sortedBones.push( { bone: structuralNode, index: sortedBones.length } );
-		}
-
-        // sort bones by path – need to be sorted in the same order as during mesh export
-		const assumedRoot = bones[0].parent!;
-		sortedBones.sort((a, b) => getPathToSkeleton(a.bone, assumedRoot) > getPathToSkeleton(b.bone, assumedRoot) ? 1 : -1);
-		bonesArray = sortedBones.map( x => "\"" + getPathToSkeleton(x.bone, assumedRoot) + "\"" ).join( ', ' );
-		
-		// TODO we can probably skip the expensive attribute re-ordering if the bones were already in a correct order.
-		// That doesn't mean that they are strictly sorted by path – just that all parents strictly need to come first.
-
-		// build index mapping
-		for (const i in sortedBones) {
-			indexMapping[sortedBones[i].index] = parseInt(i);
-		}
-
-		// remap skin index attributes
-		const skinIndex = attributes.skinIndex;
-		sortedSkinIndex = new Array<number>();
-		for ( let i = 0; i < skinIndex.count; i ++ ) {
-	
-			const x = skinIndex.getX( i );
-			const y = skinIndex.getY( i );
-			const z = skinIndex.getZ( i );
-			const w = skinIndex.getW( i );
-
-			sortedSkinIndex.push( indexMapping[x], indexMapping[y], indexMapping[z], indexMapping[w] );
-		}
-
-		// turn it back into an attribute so the rest of the code doesn't need to learn a new thing
-		sortedSkinIndexAttribute = new BufferAttribute( new Uint16Array( sortedSkinIndex ), 4 );
-	}
-
-	const isSkinnedMesh = attributes.skinWeight && attributes.skinIndex;
-
-	return `
-{	
-    def Mesh "${name}" ${isSkinnedMesh ? `(
-        prepend apiSchemas = ["SkelBindingAPI"]
-    )` : ''}
-    {
-        int[] faceVertexCounts = [${buildMeshVertexCount( geometry )}]
-        int[] faceVertexIndices = [${buildMeshVertexIndices( geometry )}]
-        normal3f[] normals = [${buildVector3Array( attributes.normal, count )}] (
-            interpolation = "vertex"
-        )
-        point3f[] points = [${buildVector3Array( attributes.position, count )}]
-        ${attributes.uv ?
-		`texCoord2f[] primvars:st = [${buildVector2Array( attributes.uv, count )}] (
-            interpolation = "vertex"
-        )` : '' }
-		${attributes.uv2 ?
-		`texCoord2f[] primvars:st2 = [${buildVector2Array( attributes.uv2, count )}] (
-            interpolation = "vertex"
-        )` : '' }
-		${isSkinnedMesh ?
-			`matrix4d primvars:skel:geomBindTransform = ( (1, 0, 0, 0), (0, 1, 0, 0), (0, 0, 1, 0), (0, 0, 0, 1) ) (
-				elementSize = 1
-				interpolation = "constant"
-			)` : '' }
-		${attributes.skinIndex ?
-		`int[] primvars:skel:jointIndices = [${buildVector4Array( sortedSkinIndexAttribute, true )}] (
-			elementSize = 4
-			interpolation = "vertex"
-		)` : '' }
-		${attributes.skinWeight ?
-		`float[] primvars:skel:jointWeights = [${buildVector4Array( attributes.skinWeight )}] (
-			elementSize = 4
-			interpolation = "vertex"
-		)` : '' }
-		${hasBones ?
-		//`uniform token[] skel:blendShapes
-		`uniform token[] skel:joints = [${bonesArray}]` : '' }
-        uniform token subdivisionScheme = "none"
-    }
-}
-
-# This is a workaround for QuickLook/RealityKit not supporting the doubleSided attribute. We're adding a second
-# geometry definition here, that uses the same mesh data but appends extra faces with reversed winding order.
-def "${name}_doubleSided" (
-	prepend references = </Geometry>
-)
-{
-	over "Geometry"
-	{
-		int[] faceVertexCounts = [${buildMeshVertexCount( geometry ) + ", " + buildMeshVertexCount( geometry )}]
-		int[] faceVertexIndices = [${buildMeshVertexIndices( geometry ) + ", " + buildMeshVertexIndices( geometry, true )}]
-	}
-}
-`;
-
-}
-
-function buildMeshVertexCount( geometry ) {
-
-	const count = geometry.index !== null ? geometry.index.count : geometry.attributes.position.count;
-
-	return Array( count / 3 ).fill( 3 ).join( ', ' );
-
-}
-
-function buildMeshVertexIndices( geometry: BufferGeometry, reverseWinding: boolean = false ) {
-
-	const index = geometry.index;
-	const array: Array<number> = [];
-
-	if ( index !== null ) {
-
-		for ( let i = 0; i < index.count; i ++ ) {
-
-			let val = i;
-			if ( reverseWinding )
-				val  = i % 3 === 0 ? i + 2 : i % 3 === 2 ? i - 2 : i;
-			array.push( index.getX( val ) );
-
-		}
-
-	} else {
-
-		const length = geometry.attributes.position.count;
-
-		for ( let i = 0; i < length; i ++ ) {
-
-			let val = i;
-			if ( reverseWinding )
-				val  = i % 3 === 0 ? i + 2 : i % 3 === 2 ? i - 2 : i;
-			array.push( val );
-
-		}
-
-	}
-
-	return array.join( ', ' );
-
-}
-
-function buildVector3Array( attribute, count ) {
-
-	if ( attribute === undefined ) {
-
-		console.warn( 'USDZExporter: Normals missing.' );
-		return Array( count ).fill( '(0, 0, 0)' ).join( ', ' );
-
-	}
-
-	const array: Array<string> = [];
-
-	for ( let i = 0; i < attribute.count; i ++ ) {
-
-		const x = attribute.getX( i );
-		const y = attribute.getY( i );
-		const z = attribute.getZ( i );
-
-		array.push( `(${x.toPrecision( PRECISION )}, ${y.toPrecision( PRECISION )}, ${z.toPrecision( PRECISION )})` );
-
-	}
-
-	return array.join( ', ' );
-
-}
-
-function buildVector4Array( attribute, ints = false ) {
-	const array: Array<string> = [];
-
-	for ( let i = 0; i < attribute.count; i ++ ) {
-
-		const x = attribute.getX( i );
-		const y = attribute.getY( i );
-		const z = attribute.getZ( i );
-		const w = attribute.getW( i );
-
-		array.push( `${ints ? x : x.toPrecision( PRECISION )}` );
-		array.push( `${ints ? y : y.toPrecision( PRECISION )}` );
-		array.push( `${ints ? z : z.toPrecision( PRECISION )}` );
-		array.push( `${ints ? w : w.toPrecision( PRECISION )}` );
-
-	}
-
-	return array.join( ', ' );
-
-}
-
-function buildVector2Array( attribute, count ) {
-
-	if ( attribute === undefined ) {
-
-		console.warn( 'USDZExporter: UVs missing.' );
-		return Array( count ).fill( '(0, 0)' ).join( ', ' );
-
-	}
-
-	const array: Array<string> = [];
-
-	for ( let i = 0; i < attribute.count; i ++ ) {
-
-		const x = attribute.getX( i );
-		const y = attribute.getY( i );
-
-		array.push( `(${x.toPrecision( PRECISION )}, ${1 - y.toPrecision( PRECISION )})` );
-
-	}
-
-	return array.join( ', ' );
-
-}
-
-// Materials
-
-function buildMaterials( materials: Map<string, Material>, textures: TextureMap, quickLookCompatible = false ) {
-
-	const array: Array<string> = [];
-
-	for ( const uuid in materials ) {
-
-		const material = materials[ uuid ];
-
-		array.push( buildMaterial( material, textures, quickLookCompatible ) );
-
-	}
-
-	return `def "Materials"
-    {
-${array.join( '' )}
-    }
-
-`;
-
-}
-
-function buildMaterial( material: MeshBasicMaterial, textures: TextureMap, quickLookCompatible = false ) {
-
-	// https://graphics.pixar.com/usd/docs/UsdPreviewSurface-Proposal.html
-
-	const pad = '            ';
-	const inputs: Array<string> = [];
-	const samplers: Array<string> = [];
-
-	function buildTexture( texture, mapType, color: Color | undefined = undefined, opacity: number | undefined = undefined ) {
-
-		const id = texture.id + ( color ? '_' + color.getHexString() : '' ) + ( opacity !== undefined ? '_' + opacity : '' );
-
-		// Seems neither QuickLook nor usdview support scale/bias on .a values, so we need to bake opacity multipliers into
-		// the texture. This is not ideal.
-		const opacityIsAppliedToTextureAndNotAsScale = quickLookCompatible && opacity !== undefined;
-		const scaleToApply = opacityIsAppliedToTextureAndNotAsScale ? new Vector4(1, 1, 1, opacity) : undefined;
-		textures[ id ] = { texture, scale: scaleToApply };
-		
-		const uv = texture.channel > 0 ? 'st' + texture.channel : 'st';
-
-		const isRGBA = formatsWithAlphaChannel.includes( texture.format );
-
-		const WRAPPINGS = {
-			1000: 'repeat', // RepeatWrapping
-			1001: 'clamp', // ClampToEdgeWrapping
-			1002: 'mirror' // MirroredRepeatWrapping
-		};
-
-		const repeat = texture.repeat.clone();
-		const offset = texture.offset.clone();
-		const rotation = texture.rotation;
-
-		// rotation is around the wrong point. after rotation we need to shift offset again so that we're rotating around the right spot
-		const xRotationOffset = Math.sin(rotation);
-		const yRotationOffset = Math.cos(rotation);
-
-		// texture coordinates start in the opposite corner, need to correct
-		offset.y = 1 - offset.y - repeat.y;
-
-		// turns out QuickLook is buggy and interprets texture repeat inverted.
-		// Apple Feedback: 	FB10036297 and FB11442287
-		if ( quickLookCompatible ) {
-
-			// This is NOT correct yet in QuickLook, but comes close for a range of models.
-			// It becomes more incorrect the bigger the offset is
-
-			offset.x = offset.x / repeat.x;
-			offset.y = offset.y / repeat.y;
-
-			offset.x += xRotationOffset / repeat.x;
-			offset.y += yRotationOffset - 1;
-		}
-
-		else {
-
-			// results match glTF results exactly. verified correct in usdview.
-			offset.x += xRotationOffset * repeat.x;
-			offset.y += (1 - yRotationOffset) * repeat.y;
-
-		}
-
-		const needsTextureTransform = ( repeat.x != 1 || repeat.y != 1 || offset.x != 0 || offset.y != 0 || rotation != 0 );
-		const textureTransformInput = `${materialRoot}/Material_${material.id}/${'uvReader_' + uv}.outputs:result>`;		const textureTransformOutput = `${materialRoot}/Material_${material.id}/Transform2d_${mapType}.outputs:result>`;
-		const needsTextureScale = mapType !== 'normal' && (color && (color.r !== 1 || color.g !== 1 || color.b !== 1 || opacity !== 1)) || false;
-
-		const needsNormalScaleAndBias = mapType === 'normal';
-		const normalScale = material instanceof MeshStandardMaterial ? (material.normalScale ? material.normalScale.x * 2 : 2) : 2;
-		const normalScaleValueString = normalScale.toFixed( PRECISION );
-		const normalBiasString = (-1 * (normalScale / 2)).toFixed( PRECISION );
-		const normalBiasZString = (1 - normalScale).toFixed( PRECISION );
-
-		return `
-        ${needsTextureTransform ? `def Shader "Transform2d_${mapType}" (
-            sdrMetadata = {
-                string role = "math"
-            }
-        )
-        {
-            uniform token info:id = "UsdTransform2d"
-            float2 inputs:in.connect = ${textureTransformInput}
-            float2 inputs:scale = ${buildVector2( repeat )}
-            float2 inputs:translation = ${buildVector2( offset )}
-			float inputs:rotation = ${(rotation / Math.PI * 180).toFixed( PRECISION )}
-            float2 outputs:result
-        }
-		` : '' }
-		def Shader "Texture_${texture.id}_${mapType}"
-        {
-            uniform token info:id = "UsdUVTexture"
-            asset inputs:file = @textures/Texture_${id}.${isRGBA ? 'png' : 'jpg'}@
-			token inputs:sourceColorSpace = "${ texture.colorSpace === 'srgb' ? 'sRGB' : 'raw' }"
-            float2 inputs:st.connect = ${needsTextureTransform ? textureTransformOutput : textureTransformInput}
-			${needsTextureScale ? `
-			float4 inputs:scale = (${color ? color.r + ', ' + color.g + ', ' + color.b : '1, 1, 1'}, ${(opacity !== undefined && !opacityIsAppliedToTextureAndNotAsScale) ? opacity : '1'})
-			` : `` }
-			${needsNormalScaleAndBias ? `
-			float4 inputs:scale = (${normalScaleValueString}, ${normalScaleValueString}, ${normalScaleValueString}, 1)
-			float4 inputs:bias = (${normalBiasString}, ${normalBiasString}, ${normalBiasZString}, 0)
-			` : `` }
-			token inputs:wrapS = "${ WRAPPINGS[ texture.wrapS ] }"
-			token inputs:wrapT = "${ WRAPPINGS[ texture.wrapT ] }"
-            float outputs:r
-            float outputs:g
-            float outputs:b
-            float3 outputs:rgb
-            ${material.transparent || material.alphaTest > 0.0 ? 'float outputs:a' : ''}
-        }`;
-
-	}
-
-	let effectiveOpacity = ( material.transparent || material.alphaTest ) ? material.opacity : 1;
-	
-	if ( material instanceof MeshPhysicalMaterial && material.transmission !== undefined) {
-
-		// TODO does not help when a roughnessMap is used
-		effectiveOpacity *= (1 - material.transmission * (1 - (material.roughness * 0.5)));
-
-	}
-
-	if ( material.map !== null ) {
-
-		inputs.push( `${pad}color3f inputs:diffuseColor.connect = ${materialRoot}/Material_${material.id}/Texture_${material.map.id}_diffuse.outputs:rgb>` );
-
-		if ( material.transparent ) {
-
-			inputs.push( `${pad}float inputs:opacity.connect = ${materialRoot}/Material_${material.id}/Texture_${material.map.id}_diffuse.outputs:a>` );
-
-		} else if ( material.alphaTest > 0.0 ) {
-
-			inputs.push( `${pad}float inputs:opacity.connect = ${materialRoot}/Material_${material.id}/Texture_${material.map.id}_diffuse.outputs:a>` );
-			inputs.push( `${pad}float inputs:opacityThreshold = ${material.alphaTest}` );
-
-		}
-
-		samplers.push( buildTexture( material.map, 'diffuse', material.color, effectiveOpacity ) );
-
-	} else {
-
-		inputs.push( `${pad}color3f inputs:diffuseColor = ${buildColor( material.color )}` );
-
-	}
-
-	if ( material.aoMap ) {
-
-		inputs.push( `${pad}float inputs:occlusion.connect = ${materialRoot}/Material_${material.id}/Texture_${material.aoMap.id}_occlusion.outputs:r>` );
-
-		samplers.push( buildTexture( material.aoMap, 'occlusion' ) );
-
-	}
-
-	if ( material.alphaMap ) {
-
-		inputs.push( `${pad}float inputs:opacity.connect = ${materialRoot}/Material_${material.id}/Texture_${material.alphaMap.id}_opacity.outputs:r>` );
-		inputs.push( `${pad}float inputs:opacityThreshold = 0.0001` );
-
-		samplers.push( buildTexture( material.alphaMap, 'opacity', new Color( 1, 1, 1 ), effectiveOpacity ) );
-
-	} else {
-
-		inputs.push( `${pad}float inputs:opacity = ${effectiveOpacity}` );
-
-		if ( material.alphaTest > 0.0 ) {
-
-			inputs.push( `${pad}float inputs:opacityThreshold = ${material.alphaTest}` );
-
-		}
-		
-	}
-
-	if ( material instanceof MeshStandardMaterial ) { 
-
-		if ( material.emissiveMap ) {
-
-			inputs.push( `${pad}color3f inputs:emissiveColor.connect = ${materialRoot}/Material_${material.id}/Texture_${material.emissiveMap.id}_emissive.outputs:rgb>` );
-			const color = material.emissive.clone();
-			color.multiplyScalar( material.emissiveIntensity );
-			samplers.push( buildTexture( material.emissiveMap, 'emissive', color ) );
-
-		} else if ( material.emissive?.getHex() > 0 ) {
-
-			const color = material.emissive.clone();
-			color.multiplyScalar( material.emissiveIntensity );
-			inputs.push( `${pad}color3f inputs:emissiveColor = ${buildColor( color )}` );
-
-		} else {
-			
-			inputs.push( `${pad}color3f inputs:emissiveColor = (0, 0, 0)` );
-
-		}
-
-		if ( material.normalMap ) {
-
-			inputs.push( `${pad}normal3f inputs:normal.connect = ${materialRoot}/Material_${material.id}/Texture_${material.normalMap.id}_normal.outputs:rgb>` );
-
-			samplers.push( buildTexture( material.normalMap, 'normal' ) );
-
-		}
-
-		if ( material.roughnessMap && material.roughness === 1 ) {
-
-			inputs.push( `${pad}float inputs:roughness.connect = ${materialRoot}/Material_${material.id}/Texture_${material.roughnessMap.id}_roughness.outputs:g>` );
-
-			samplers.push( buildTexture( material.roughnessMap, 'roughness' ) );
-
-		} else {
-
-			inputs.push( `${pad}float inputs:roughness = ${material.roughness !== undefined ? material.roughness : 1 }` );
-
-		}
-
-		if ( material.metalnessMap && material.metalness === 1 ) {
-
-			inputs.push( `${pad}float inputs:metallic.connect = ${materialRoot}/Material_${material.id}/Texture_${material.metalnessMap.id}_metallic.outputs:b>` );
-
-			samplers.push( buildTexture( material.metalnessMap, 'metallic' ) );
-
-		} else {
-
-			inputs.push( `${pad}float inputs:metallic = ${material.metalness !== undefined ? material.metalness : 0 }` );
-
-		}
-
-	}
-
-	if ( material instanceof MeshPhysicalMaterial ) {
-
-		inputs.push( `${pad}float inputs:clearcoat = ${material.clearcoat}` );
-		inputs.push( `${pad}float inputs:clearcoatRoughness = ${material.clearcoatRoughness}` );
-		inputs.push( `${pad}float inputs:ior = ${material.ior}` );
-
-		if ( !material.transparent && ! (material.alphaTest > 0.0) && material.transmissionMap) {
-
-			inputs.push( `${pad}float inputs:opacity.connect = ${materialRoot}/Material_${material.id}/Texture_${material.transmissionMap.id}_transmission.outputs:r>` );
-	
-			samplers.push( buildTexture( material.transmissionMap, 'transmission' ) );
-		}
-
-	}
-
-	return `
-    def Material "Material_${material.id}"
-    {
-        def Shader "PreviewSurface"
-        {
-            uniform token info:id = "UsdPreviewSurface"
-${inputs.join( '\n' )}
-            int inputs:useSpecularWorkflow = 0
-            token outputs:surface
-        }
-
-        token outputs:surface.connect = ${materialRoot}/Material_${material.id}/PreviewSurface.outputs:surface>
-
-        def Shader "uvReader_st"
-        {
-            uniform token info:id = "UsdPrimvarReader_float2"
-            token inputs:varname = "st"
-            float2 inputs:fallback = (0.0, 0.0)
-            float2 outputs:result
-        }
-
-		def Shader "uvReader_st2"
-        {
-            uniform token info:id = "UsdPrimvarReader_float2"
-            token inputs:varname = "st2"
-            float2 inputs:fallback = (0.0, 0.0)
-            float2 outputs:result
-        }
-
-${samplers.join( '\n' )}
-
-    }
-`;
-
-}
-
-function buildColor( color ) {
-
-	return `(${color.r}, ${color.g}, ${color.b})`;
-
-}
-
-function buildVector2( vector ) {
-
-	return `(${ vector.x }, ${ vector.y })`;
-
-}
-
-const formatsWithAlphaChannel = [
-	// uncompressed formats with alpha channel
-	1023, // RGBAFormat
-	// compressed formats with alpha channel
-	33777, // RGBA_S3TC_DXT1_Format
-	33778, // RGBA_S3TC_DXT3_Format
-	33779, // RGBA_S3TC_DXT5_Format
-	35842, // RGBA_PVRTC_4BPPV1_Format
-	35843, // RGBA_PVRTC_2BPPV1_Format
-	37496, // RGBA_ETC2_EAC_Format
-	37808, // RGBA_ASTC_4x4_Format
-	37809, // RGBA_ASTC_5x4_Format
-	37810, // RGBA_ASTC_5x5_Format
-	37811, // RGBA_ASTC_6x5_Format
-	37812, // RGBA_ASTC_6x6_Format
-	37813, // RGBA_ASTC_8x5_Format
-	37814, // RGBA_ASTC_8x6_Format
-	37815, // RGBA_ASTC_8x8_Format
-	37816, // RGBA_ASTC_10x5_Format
-	37817, // RGBA_ASTC_10x6_Format
-	37818, // RGBA_ASTC_10x8_Format
-	37819, // RGBA_ASTC_10x10_Format
-	37820, // RGBA_ASTC_12x10_Format
-	37821, // RGBA_ASTC_12x12_Format
-	36492, // RGBA_BPTC_Format
-];
-
-export { 
-	USDZExporter, 
-	USDZExporterContext, 
-	USDWriter, 
-	USDObject, 
-	buildMatrix,
-	getBoneName,
-	getPathToSkeleton,
-	fn as usdNumberFormatting, 
-	USDDocument, 
-	makeNameSafe as makeNameSafeForUSD, 
-	imageToCanvas, 
-	decompressGpuTexture,
-	findStructuralNodesInBoneHierarchy,
+import { Renderer } from '../../Renderer.js';
+import { GameObject } from '../../Component.js';
+import type { OffscreenCanvasExt } from '../../../engine/engine_shims.js';
+import '../../../engine/engine_shims.js';
+import {
+	PlaneGeometry,
+	Texture,
+	Uniform,
+	PerspectiveCamera,
+	Scene,
+	Mesh,
+	ShaderMaterial,
+	WebGLRenderer,
+	MathUtils,
+	Matrix4,
+	DoubleSide,
+	BufferGeometry,
+	Material,
+	Color,
+	MeshStandardMaterial,
+	MeshPhysicalMaterial,
+	Object3D,
+	MeshBasicMaterial,
+	Bone,
+	SkinnedMesh,
+	SRGBColorSpace,
+	AnimationClip,
+	OrthographicCamera,
+	BufferAttribute,
+	Vector4
+} from 'three';
+import * as fflate from 'three/examples/jsm/libs/fflate.module.js';
+
+function makeNameSafe( str ) {
+	str = str.replace( /[^a-zA-Z0-9_]/g, '' );
+
+	// if str does not start with a-zA-Z_ add _ to the beginning
+	if ( !str.match( /^[a-zA-Z_]/ ) )
+		str = '_' + str;
+
+	return str;
+}
+
+// TODO check if this works when bones in the skeleton are completely unordered
+function findCommonAncestor(objects: Object3D[]): Object3D | null {
+	if (objects.length === 0) return null;
+
+	const ancestors = objects.map((obj) => {
+		const objAncestors = new Array<Object3D>();
+		while (obj.parent) {
+			objAncestors.unshift(obj.parent);
+			obj = obj.parent;
+		}
+		return objAncestors;
+	});
+
+	//@ts-ignore – findLast seems to be missing in TypeScript types pre-5.x
+	const commonAncestor = ancestors[0].findLast((ancestor) => {
+		return ancestors.every((a) => a.includes(ancestor));
+	});
+
+	return commonAncestor || null;
+}
+
+function findStructuralNodesInBoneHierarchy(bones: Array<Object3D>) {
+
+	const commonAncestor = findCommonAncestor(bones);
+	// find all structural nodes – parents of bones that are not bones themselves
+	const structuralNodes = new Set<Object3D>();
+	for ( const bone of bones ) {
+		let current = bone.parent;
+		while ( current && current !== commonAncestor ) {
+			if ( !bones.includes(current) ) {
+				structuralNodes.add(current);
+			}
+			current = current.parent;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return structuralNodes;
+}
+
+class USDObject {
+
+	static USDObject_export_id = 0;
+	
+	uuid: string;
+	name: string;
+	matrix: Matrix4;
+	private _isDynamic: boolean;
+	get isDynamic() { return this._isDynamic; }
+	private set isDynamic( value ) { this._isDynamic = value; }
+	geometry: BufferGeometry | null;
+	material: MeshStandardMaterial | MeshBasicMaterial | Material | null;
+	camera: PerspectiveCamera | OrthographicCamera | null;
+	parent: USDObject | null;
+	skinnedMesh: SkinnedMesh | null;
+	children: Array<USDObject | null> = [];
+	animations: AnimationClip[] | null;
+	_eventListeners: {};
+
+	static createEmptyParent( object ) {
+
+		const emptyParent = new USDObject( MathUtils.generateUUID(), object.name + '_empty_' + ( USDObject.USDObject_export_id ++ ), object.matrix );
+		const parent = object.parent;
+		parent.add( emptyParent );
+		emptyParent.add( object );
+		emptyParent.isDynamic = true;
+		object.matrix = new Matrix4().identity();
+		return emptyParent;
+
+	}
+
+	static createEmpty() {
+		
+		const empty = new USDObject( MathUtils.generateUUID(), 'Empty_' + ( USDObject.USDObject_export_id ++ ), new Matrix4() );
+		empty.isDynamic = true;
+		return empty;
+	}
+
+	constructor( id, name, matrix, mesh: BufferGeometry | null = null, material: MeshStandardMaterial | MeshBasicMaterial | Material | null = null, camera: PerspectiveCamera | OrthographicCamera | null = null, skinnedMesh: SkinnedMesh | null = null, animations: AnimationClip[] | null = null ) {
+
+		this.uuid = id;
+		this.name = makeNameSafe( name );
+		this.matrix = matrix.clone();
+		this.geometry = mesh;
+		this.material = material;
+		this.camera = camera;
+		this.parent = null;
+		this.children = [];
+		this._eventListeners = {};
+		this._isDynamic = false;
+		this.skinnedMesh = skinnedMesh;
+		this.animations = animations;
+
+	}
+
+	is( obj ) {
+
+		if ( ! obj ) return false;
+		return this.uuid === obj.uuid;
+
+	}
+
+	isEmpty() {
+
+		return ! this.geometry;
+
+	}
+
+	clone() {
+
+		const clone = new USDObject( MathUtils.generateUUID(), this.name, this.matrix, this.geometry, this.material );
+		clone.isDynamic = this.isDynamic;
+		return clone;
+
+	}
+
+	deepClone() {
+
+		const clone = this.clone();
+		for ( const child of this.children ) {
+
+			if ( !child ) continue;
+			clone.add( child.deepClone() );
+
+		}
+
+		return clone;
+
+	}
+
+	getPath() {
+
+		let current = this.parent;
+		let path = this.name;
+		while ( current ) {
+
+			// StageRoot has a special path right now since there's additional Xforms for encapsulation.
+			// Better would be to actually model them as part of our object graph, but they're written separately,
+			// so currently we don't and instead work around that here.
+			const currentName = current.parent ? current.name : (current.name + "/Scenes/Scene");
+			path = currentName + '/' + path;
+			current = current.parent;
+
+		}
+
+		return '</' + path + '>';
+
+	}
+
+	add( child ) {
+
+		if ( child.parent ) {
+
+			child.parent.remove( child );
+
+		}
+
+		child.parent = this;
+		this.children.push( child );
+
+	}
+
+	remove( child ) {
+
+		const index = this.children.indexOf( child );
+		if ( index >= 0 ) {
+
+			if ( child.parent === this ) child.parent = null;
+			this.children.splice( index, 1 );
+
+		}
+
+	}
+
+	addEventListener( evt, listener ) {
+
+		if ( ! this._eventListeners[ evt ] ) this._eventListeners[ evt ] = [];
+		this._eventListeners[ evt ].push( listener );
+
+	}
+
+	removeEventListener( evt, listener ) {
+
+		if ( ! this._eventListeners[ evt ] ) return;
+		const index = this._eventListeners[ evt ].indexOf( listener );
+		if ( index >= 0 ) {
+
+			this._eventListeners[ evt ].splice( index, 1 );
+
+		}
+
+	}
+
+	onSerialize( writer, context ) {
+
+		const listeners = this._eventListeners[ 'serialize' ];
+		if ( listeners ) listeners.forEach( listener => listener( writer, context ) );
+
+	}
+
+}
+
+
+class USDDocument extends USDObject {
+
+	stageLength: number;
+
+	get isDocumentRoot() {
+
+		return true;
+
+	}
+	get isDynamic() {
+
+		return false;
+
+	}
+
+	constructor() {
+
+		super(undefined, 'StageRoot', new Matrix4(), null, null, null);
+		this.children = [];
+		this.stageLength = 200;
+
+	}
+
+	add( child: USDObject ) {
+
+		child.parent = this;
+		this.children.push( child );
+
+	}
+
+	remove( child: USDObject ) {
+
+		const index = this.children.indexOf( child );
+		if ( index >= 0 ) {
+
+			if ( child.parent === this ) child.parent = null;
+			this.children.splice( index, 1 );
+
+		}
+
+	}
+
+	traverse( callback: ( object: USDObject ) => void, current: USDObject | null = null ) {
+
+		if ( current !== null ) callback( current );
+		else current = this;
+		if ( current.children ) {
+
+			for ( const child of current.children ) {
+
+				this.traverse( callback, child );
+
+			}
+
+		}
+
+	}
+
+	findById( uuid: string ) {
+
+		let found = false;
+		function search( current ) {
+
+			if ( found ) return;
+			if ( current.uuid === uuid ) {
+
+				found = true;
+				return current;
+
+			}
+
+			if ( current.children ) {
+
+				for ( const child of current.children ) {
+
+					const res = search( child );
+					if ( res ) return res;
+
+				}
+
+			}
+
+		}
+
+		return search( this );
+
+	}
+
+
+	buildHeader( endTimeCode ) {
+
+		return `#usda 1.0
+(
+	customLayerData = {
+		string creator = "Needle Engine USDZExporter"
+	}
+	defaultPrim = "${makeNameSafe( this.name )}"
+	metersPerUnit = 1
+	upAxis = "Y"
+	startTimeCode = 0
+	endTimeCode = ${endTimeCode}
+	timeCodesPerSecond = 60
+	framesPerSecond = 60
+)
+`;
+
+	}
+
+}
+
+const newLine = '\n';
+const materialRoot = '</StageRoot/Materials';
+
+class USDWriter {
+	str: string;
+	indent: number;
+
+	constructor() {
+
+		this.str = '';
+		this.indent = 0;
+
+	}
+
+	clear() {
+
+		this.str = '';
+		this.indent = 0;
+
+	}
+
+	beginBlock( str: string | undefined = undefined, char = '{', createNewLine = true ) {
+
+		if ( str !== undefined ) {
+			str = this.applyIndent( str );
+			this.str += str;
+			if ( createNewLine ) {
+				this.str += newLine;
+				this.str += this.applyIndent( char );
+			}
+			else {
+				this.str += " " + char;
+			}
+		}
+		else {
+			this.str += this.applyIndent( char );
+		}
+		
+		this.str += newLine;
+		this.indent += 1;
+
+	}
+
+	closeBlock( char = '}' ) {
+
+		this.indent -= 1;
+		this.str += this.applyIndent( char ) + newLine;
+
+	}
+
+	beginArray( str ) {
+
+		str = this.applyIndent( str + ' = [' );
+		this.str += str;
+		this.str += newLine;
+		this.indent += 1;
+
+	}
+
+	closeArray() {
+
+		this.indent -= 1;
+		this.str += this.applyIndent( ']' ) + newLine;
+
+	}
+
+	appendLine( str = '' ) {
+
+		str = this.applyIndent( str );
+		this.str += str;
+		this.str += newLine;
+
+	}
+
+	toString() {
+
+		return this.str;
+
+	}
+
+	applyIndent( str ) {
+
+		let indents = '';
+		for ( let i = 0; i < this.indent; i ++ ) indents += '\t';
+		return indents + str;
+
+	}
+
+}
+
+declare type TextureMap = {[name: string]: {texture: Texture, scale?: Vector4}};
+
+class USDZExporterContext {
+	root: any;
+	exporter: any;
+	extensions: any;
+	quickLookCompatible: boolean;
+	materials: Map<string, Material>;
+	textures: TextureMap;
+	files: { [path: string]: Uint8Array | [Uint8Array, fflate.ZipOptions] | null | any }
+	document: USDDocument;
+	output: string;
+	animations: AnimationClip[];
+
+	constructor( root, exporter: USDZExporter, extensions, quickLookCompatible ) {
+
+		this.root = root;
+		this.exporter = exporter;
+		this.quickLookCompatible = quickLookCompatible;
+
+		if ( extensions )
+			this.extensions = extensions;
+
+		this.materials = new Map();
+		this.textures = {};
+		this.files = {};
+		this.document = new USDDocument();
+		this.output = '';
+		this.animations = [];
+
+	}
+
+}
+
+/**[documentation](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/arkit/usdz_schemas_for_ar/preliminary_anchoringapi/preliminary_anchoring_type) */
+export type Anchoring = "plane" | "image" | "face" | "none"
+/**[documentation](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/arkit/usdz_schemas_for_ar/preliminary_anchoringapi/preliminary_planeanchoring_alignment) */
+export type Alignment = "horizontal" | "vertical" | "any";
+
+class USDZExporterOptions {
+	ar: {
+		anchoring: { type: Anchoring },
+		planeAnchoring: { alignment: Alignment },
+	} = { 
+		anchoring: { type: 'plane' },
+		planeAnchoring: { alignment: 'horizontal' }
+	};
+	quickLookCompatible: boolean = false;
+	extensions: any[] = [];
+	maxTextureSize: number = 4096;
+}
+
+class USDZExporter {
+	debug: boolean;
+	sceneAnchoringOptions: {} = {};
+	extensions: any;
+
+	constructor() {
+
+		this.debug = false;
+
+	}
+
+	getEndTimeCode( animations ) {
+		let endTimeCode = 0;
+
+		for( const animation of animations ) {
+			const currentEndTimeCode = animation.duration * 60;
+
+			if ( endTimeCode < currentEndTimeCode ) {
+				endTimeCode = currentEndTimeCode;
+			}
+		}
+
+		return endTimeCode;
+	}
+
+	async parse( scene, options: USDZExporterOptions = new USDZExporterOptions() ) {
+
+		options = Object.assign( new USDZExporterOptions(), options );
+
+		this.sceneAnchoringOptions = options;
+		const context = new USDZExporterContext( scene, this, options.extensions, options.quickLookCompatible );
+		this.extensions = context.extensions;
+
+		const files = context.files;
+		const modelFileName = 'model.usda';
+
+		// model file should be first in USDZ archive so we init it here
+		files[ modelFileName ] = null;
+
+		const materials = context.materials;
+		const textures = context.textures;
+
+		await invokeAll( context, 'onBeforeBuildDocument' );
+
+		// HACK let's find all skeletons and reparent them to their skelroot / armature / uppermost bone parent
+		const reparentings: Array<any> = [];
+		scene.traverseVisible(object => {
+
+			if (object.isSkinnedMesh) {
+				const bones = object.skeleton.bones as Bone[];
+
+				const commonAncestor = findCommonAncestor(bones);
+				if (commonAncestor) {
+					reparentings.push( { object, originalParent: object.parent, newParent: commonAncestor } );
+				}
+			}
+		});
+
+		for ( const reparenting of reparentings ) {
+			const { object, originalParent, newParent } = reparenting;
+			if (this.debug) console.log("REPARENTING", object, "from", originalParent, "to", newParent);
+			newParent.add( object );
+		}
+
+		traverseVisible( scene, context.document, context );
+
+		await invokeAll( context, 'onAfterBuildDocument' );
+
+		parseDocument( context, () => {
+			// injected after stageRoot.
+			// TODO property use context/writer instead of string concat
+			return buildMaterials( materials, textures, options.quickLookCompatible );
+		} );
+
+		await invokeAll( context, 'onAfterSerialize' );
+
+		// repair the parenting again
+		for ( const reparenting of reparentings ) {
+			const { object, originalParent, newParent } = reparenting;
+			originalParent.add( object );
+		}
+
+		// Moved into parseDocument callback for proper defaultPrim encapsulation
+		// context.output += buildMaterials( materials, textures, options.quickLookCompatible );
+
+		const endTimeCode = this.getEndTimeCode( context.animations );
+		
+		const header = context.document.buildHeader( endTimeCode );
+		const final = header + '\n' + context.output;
+
+		// full output file
+		if ( this.debug )
+			console.log( final );
+
+		files[ modelFileName ] = fflate.strToU8( final );
+		context.output = '';
+
+		const decompressionRenderer = new WebGLRenderer( { antialias: false, alpha: true } );
+
+		for ( const id in textures ) {
+
+			const textureData = textures[ id ];
+			let texture = textureData.texture;
+
+			const isRGBA = formatsWithAlphaChannel.includes( texture.format );
+
+			//@ts-ignore
+			if ( texture.isCompressedTexture || texture.isRenderTargetTexture ) {
+
+				texture = decompressGpuTexture( texture, options.maxTextureSize, decompressionRenderer );
+
+			}
+			
+			const canvas = await imageToCanvas( texture.image, textureData.scale, false, options.maxTextureSize ).catch( err => {
+				console.error("Error converting texture to canvas", texture, err);
+			});
+
+			if ( canvas ) {
+
+				const blob = await canvas.convertToBlob( {type: isRGBA ? 'image/png' : 'image/jpeg', quality: 0.95 } );
+				files[ `textures/Texture_${id}.${isRGBA ? 'png' : 'jpg'}` ] = new Uint8Array( await blob.arrayBuffer() );
+
+			} else {
+
+				console.warn( 'Can`t export texture: ', texture );
+
+			}
+
+		}
+
+		decompressionRenderer.dispose();
+
+		// 64 byte alignment
+		// https://github.com/101arrowz/fflate/issues/39#issuecomment-777263109
+
+		let offset = 0;
+
+		for ( const filename in files ) {
+
+			const file = files[ filename ];
+			const headerSize = 34 + filename.length;
+
+			offset += headerSize;
+
+			const offsetMod64 = offset & 63;
+
+			if ( offsetMod64 !== 4 ) {
+
+				const padLength = 64 - offsetMod64;
+				const padding = new Uint8Array( padLength );
+
+				files[ filename ] = [ file, { extra: { 12345: padding } } ];
+
+			}
+
+			offset = file.length;
+
+		}
+
+		return fflate.zipSync( files, { level: 0 } );
+
+	}
+
+}
+
+function traverseVisible( object: Object3D, parentModel: USDObject, context: USDZExporterContext ) {
+
+	if ( ! object.visible ) return;
+	
+	let model: USDObject | undefined = undefined;
+	let geometry: BufferGeometry | undefined = undefined;
+	let material: Material | Material[] | undefined = undefined;
+	
+	if (object instanceof Mesh || object instanceof SkinnedMesh) {
+		geometry = object.geometry;
+		material = object.material;
+	}
+
+	// TODO what should be do with disabled renderers?
+	// Here we just assume they're off, and don't export them
+	const renderer = GameObject.getComponent( object, Renderer )
+	if (renderer && !renderer.enabled) {
+		geometry = undefined;
+		material = undefined;
+	}
+
+	if ( (object instanceof Mesh || object instanceof SkinnedMesh) && material && (material instanceof MeshStandardMaterial || material instanceof MeshBasicMaterial)) {
+
+		const name = getObjectId( object );
+		const skinnedMeshObject = object instanceof SkinnedMesh ? object : null;
+		model = new USDObject( object.uuid, name, object.matrix, geometry, material, undefined, skinnedMeshObject, object.animations );
+
+	} else if ( object instanceof PerspectiveCamera || object instanceof OrthographicCamera ) {
+
+		const name = getObjectId( object );
+		model = new USDObject( object.uuid, name, object.matrix, undefined, undefined, object );
+
+	} else {
+
+		const name = getObjectId( object );
+		model = new USDObject( object.uuid, name, object.matrix, undefined, undefined, undefined, undefined, object.animations );
+
+	}
+
+	if ( model ) {
+
+		if ( parentModel ) {
+
+			parentModel.add( model );
+
+		}
+
+		parentModel = model;
+
+		if ( context.extensions ) {
+
+			for ( const ext of context.extensions ) {
+
+				if ( ext.onExportObject ) ext.onExportObject.call( ext, object, model, context );
+
+			}
+
+		}
+
+	} else {
+
+		const name = getObjectId( object );
+		const empty = new USDObject( object.uuid, name, object.matrix );
+		if ( parentModel ) {
+
+			parentModel.add( empty );
+
+		}
+
+		parentModel = empty;
+
+	}
+
+	for ( const ch of object.children ) {
+
+		traverseVisible( ch, parentModel, context );
+
+	}
+
+}
+
+async function parseDocument( context: USDZExporterContext, afterStageRoot: () => string ) {
+
+	for ( const child of context.document.children ) {
+
+		addResources( child, context );
+
+	}
+
+	const writer = new USDWriter();
+
+	writer.beginBlock( `def Xform "${context.document.name}"` );
+
+	writer.beginBlock( `def Scope "Scenes" (
+		kind = "sceneLibrary"
+	)` );
+
+	writer.beginBlock( `def Xform "Scene" (
+			apiSchemas = ["Preliminary_AnchoringAPI"]
+			customData = {
+				bool preliminary_collidesWithEnvironment = 0
+				string sceneName = "Scene"
+			}
+			sceneName = "Scene"
+		)` );
+
+	writer.appendLine( `token preliminary:anchoring:type = "${context.exporter.sceneAnchoringOptions.ar.anchoring.type}"` );
+	if (context.exporter.sceneAnchoringOptions.ar.anchoring.type === 'plane')
+		writer.appendLine( `token preliminary:planeAnchoring:alignment = "${context.exporter.sceneAnchoringOptions.ar.planeAnchoring.alignment}"` );
+	// bit hacky as we don't have a callback here yet. Relies on the fact that the image is named identical in the ImageTracking extension.
+	if (context.exporter.sceneAnchoringOptions.ar.anchoring.type === 'image')
+		writer.appendLine( `rel preliminary:imageAnchoring:referenceImage = </${context.document.name}/Scenes/Scene/AnchoringReferenceImage>` );
+	writer.appendLine();
+
+	for ( const child of context.document.children ) {
+
+		buildXform( child, writer, context );
+
+	}
+
+	invokeAll( context, 'onAfterHierarchy', writer );
+
+	writer.closeBlock();
+	writer.closeBlock();
+	writer.appendLine(afterStageRoot());
+	writer.closeBlock();
+
+	context.output += writer.toString();
+
+}
+
+function addResources( object: USDObject | null, context: USDZExporterContext ) {
+
+	if ( object == null ) {
+		return;
+	}
+	const geometry = object.geometry;
+	const material = object.material;
+
+	if ( geometry ) {
+
+		if ( material && ( 'isMeshStandardMaterial' in material && material.isMeshStandardMaterial || 'isMeshBasicMaterial' in material && material.isMeshBasicMaterial ) )  { // TODO convert unlit to lit+emissive
+
+			const geometryFileName = 'geometries/Geometry_' + geometry.id + '.usd';
+
+			if ( ! ( geometryFileName in context.files ) ) {
+
+				const meshObject = buildMeshObject( geometry, object.skinnedMesh?.skeleton?.bones );
+				context.files[ geometryFileName ] = buildUSDFileAsString( meshObject, context );
+
+			}
+
+		} else {
+
+			console.warn( 'THREE.USDZExporter: Unsupported material type (USDZ only supports MeshStandardMaterial)', name );
+
+		}
+
+	}
+
+	if( material ) {
+		
+		if ( ! ( material.uuid in context.materials ) ) {
+
+			context.materials[ material.uuid ] = material;
+
+		}
+	}
+
+	for ( const ch of object.children ) {
+
+		addResources( ch, context );
+
+	}
+
+}
+
+async function invokeAll( context: USDZExporterContext, name: string, writer: USDWriter | null = null ) {
+
+	if ( context.extensions ) {
+
+		for ( const ext of context.extensions ) {
+
+			if ( !ext ) continue;
+
+			if ( typeof ext[ name ] === 'function' ) {
+
+				const method = ext[ name ];
+				const res = method.call( ext, context, writer );
+				if(res instanceof Promise) {
+					await res;
+				}
+			}
+
+		}
+
+	}
+
+}
+let _renderer: WebGLRenderer | null = null;
+let fullscreenQuadGeometry: PlaneGeometry | null;
+let fullscreenQuadMaterial: ShaderMaterial | null;
+let fullscreenQuad: Mesh | null;
+
+function decompressGpuTexture( texture, maxTextureSize = Infinity, renderer: WebGLRenderer | null = null ) {
+
+	if ( ! fullscreenQuadGeometry ) fullscreenQuadGeometry = new PlaneGeometry( 2, 2, 1, 1 );
+	if ( ! fullscreenQuadMaterial ) fullscreenQuadMaterial = new ShaderMaterial( {
+		uniforms: { blitTexture: new Uniform( texture ) },
+		vertexShader: `
+            varying vec2 vUv;
+            void main(){
+                vUv = uv;
+				vUv.y = 1. - vUv.y;
+                gl_Position = vec4(position.xy * 1.0,0.,.999999);
+            }`,
+		fragmentShader: `
+            uniform sampler2D blitTexture; 
+            varying vec2 vUv;
+
+            void main(){ 
+                gl_FragColor = vec4(vUv.xy, 0, 1);
+                
+                #ifdef IS_SRGB
+                gl_FragColor = LinearTosRGB( texture2D( blitTexture, vUv) );
+                #else
+                gl_FragColor = texture2D( blitTexture, vUv);
+                #endif
+				gl_FragColor.rgb *= gl_FragColor.a;
+            }`
+	} );
+
+	fullscreenQuadMaterial.uniforms.blitTexture.value = texture;
+	fullscreenQuadMaterial.defines.IS_SRGB = texture.colorSpace == SRGBColorSpace;
+	fullscreenQuadMaterial.needsUpdate = true;
+
+	if ( ! fullscreenQuad ) {
+
+		fullscreenQuad = new Mesh( fullscreenQuadGeometry, fullscreenQuadMaterial );
+		fullscreenQuad.frustumCulled = false;
+
+	}
+
+	const _camera = new PerspectiveCamera();
+	const _scene = new Scene();
+	_scene.add( fullscreenQuad );
+
+	if ( ! renderer ) {
+
+		renderer = _renderer = new WebGLRenderer( { antialias: false, alpha: true } );
+
+	}
+
+	renderer.setSize( Math.min( texture.image.width, maxTextureSize ), Math.min( texture.image.height, maxTextureSize ) );
+	renderer.clear();
+	renderer.render( _scene, _camera );
+
+	const readableTexture = new Texture( renderer.domElement );
+
+	readableTexture.minFilter = texture.minFilter;
+	readableTexture.magFilter = texture.magFilter;
+	readableTexture.wrapS = texture.wrapS;
+	readableTexture.wrapT = texture.wrapT;
+	readableTexture.name = texture.name;
+
+	if ( _renderer ) {
+
+		_renderer.dispose();
+		_renderer = null;
+
+	}
+
+	return readableTexture;
+
+}
+
+
+function isImageBitmap( image ) {
+
+	return ( typeof HTMLImageElement !== 'undefined' && image instanceof HTMLImageElement ) ||
+		( typeof HTMLCanvasElement !== 'undefined' && image instanceof HTMLCanvasElement ) ||
+		( typeof OffscreenCanvas !== 'undefined' && image instanceof OffscreenCanvas ) ||
+		( typeof ImageBitmap !== 'undefined' && image instanceof ImageBitmap );
+
+}
+
+async function imageToCanvas( image, color: Vector4 | undefined = undefined, flipY = false, maxTextureSize = 4096 ) {
+
+	if ( isImageBitmap( image ) ) {
+
+		// max. canvas size on Safari is still 4096x4096
+		const scale = maxTextureSize / Math.max( image.width, image.height );
+
+		const canvas = new OffscreenCanvas( image.width * Math.min( 1, scale ), image.height * Math.min( 1, scale ) );
+
+		const context = canvas.getContext( '2d' ) as OffscreenCanvasRenderingContext2D;
+		if (!context) throw new Error('Could not get canvas 2D context');
+
+		if ( flipY === true ) {
+
+			context.translate( 0, canvas.height );
+			context.scale( 1, - 1 );
+
+		}
+
+		context.drawImage( image, 0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height );
+
+		// Currently only used to apply opacity scale since QuickLook and usdview don't support that yet
+		if ( color !== undefined ) {
+
+			const r = color.x;
+			const g = color.y;
+			const b = color.z;
+			const a = color.w;
+
+			const imagedata = context.getImageData( 0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height );
+			const data = imagedata.data;
+
+			for ( let i = 0; i < data.length; i += 4 ) {
+
+				data[ i + 0 ] = data[ i + 0 ] * r;
+				data[ i + 1 ] = data[ i + 1 ] * g;
+				data[ i + 2 ] = data[ i + 2 ] * b;
+				data[ i + 3 ] = data[ i + 3 ] * a;
+
+			}
+
+			context.putImageData( imagedata, 0, 0 );
+
+		}
+
+		return canvas as OffscreenCanvasExt;
+
+	} else {
+
+		throw new Error( 'THREE.USDZExporter: No valid image data found. Unable to process texture.' );
+
+	}
+
+}
+
+//
+
+const PRECISION = 7;
+
+function buildHeader() {
+
+	return `#usda 1.0
+(
+    customLayerData = {
+        string creator = "Needle Engine USDZExporter"
+    }
+    metersPerUnit = 1
+    upAxis = "Y"
+)
+`;
+
+}
+
+function buildUSDFileAsString( dataToInsert, _context: USDZExporterContext ) {
+
+	let output = buildHeader();
+	output += dataToInsert;
+	return fflate.strToU8( output );
+
+}
+
+function getObjectId( object ) {
+
+	return object.name.replace( /[-<>\(\)\[\]§$%&\/\\\=\?\,\;]/g, '' ) + '_' + object.id;
+
+}
+
+function getBoneName(bone) {
+	return makeNameSafe(bone.name || 'bone_' + bone.uuid);
+}
+
+function getPathToSkeleton(bone: Object3D, assumedRoot: Object3D) {
+	let path = getBoneName(bone);
+	let current = bone.parent;
+	while ( current && current !== assumedRoot ) {
+		path = getBoneName(current) + '/' + path;
+		current = current.parent;
+	}
+	return path;
+}
+
+// Xform
+
+export function buildXform( model: USDObject | null, writer: USDWriter, context: USDZExporterContext ) {
+
+	if ( model == null)
+		return;
+
+	const matrix = model.matrix;
+	const geometry = model.geometry;
+	const material = model.material;
+	const camera = model.camera;
+	const name = model.name;
+
+	if ( model.animations ) {
+		for ( const animation of model.animations ) {
+			context.animations.push( animation )
+		}
+	}
+
+	const transform = buildMatrix( matrix );
+
+	if ( matrix.determinant() < 0 ) {
+
+		console.warn( 'THREE.USDZExporter: USDZ does not support negative scales', name );
+
+	}
+
+	const isSkinnedMesh = geometry && geometry.isBufferGeometry && geometry.attributes.skinIndex !== undefined && geometry.attributes.skinIndex.count > 0;
+	const objType = isSkinnedMesh ? 'SkelRoot' : 'Xform';
+	const apiSchemas = isSkinnedMesh ? '"MaterialBindingAPI", "SkelBindingAPI"' : '"MaterialBindingAPI"';
+
+	if ( geometry ) {
+		writer.beginBlock( `def ${objType} "${name}"`, "(", false );
+		if (context.quickLookCompatible && material && material.side === DoubleSide)
+			writer.appendLine(`prepend references = @./geometries/Geometry_${geometry.id}.usd@</Geometry_doubleSided>`);
+		else
+			writer.appendLine(`prepend references = @./geometries/Geometry_${geometry.id}.usd@</Geometry>`);
+		writer.appendLine(`prepend apiSchemas = [${apiSchemas}]`);
+		writer.closeBlock( ")" );
+		writer.beginBlock();
+	}
+	else if ( camera )
+		writer.beginBlock( `def Camera "${name}"` );
+	else
+		writer.beginBlock( `def Xform "${name}"` );
+
+	if ( geometry && material ) {
+		writer.appendLine( `rel material:binding = </StageRoot/Materials/Material_${material.id}>` );
+
+		// Turns out QuickLook / RealityKit doesn't support the doubleSided attribute, so we
+		// work around that by emitting additional indices above, and then we shouldn't emit the attribute either as geometry is
+		// already doubleSided then.
+		if (!context.quickLookCompatible && material.side === DoubleSide ) {
+			// double-sided is a mesh property in USD, we can apply it as `over` here
+			writer.beginBlock( `over "Geometry" `);
+			writer.appendLine( `uniform bool doubleSided = 1` );
+			writer.closeBlock();
+		}
+	}
+	if ( isSkinnedMesh ) {
+		writer.appendLine( `rel skel:skeleton = <Rig>` );
+		writer.appendLine( `rel skel:animationSource = <Rig/_anim>`);
+		writer.appendLine( `matrix4d xformOp:transform = ${buildMatrix(new Matrix4())}` ); // always identity / in world space
+	}
+	else {
+		writer.appendLine( `matrix4d xformOp:transform = ${transform}` );
+	}
+	writer.appendLine( 'uniform token[] xformOpOrder = ["xformOp:transform"]' );
+
+	if ( camera ) {
+
+		if ( 'isOrthographicCamera' in camera && camera.isOrthographicCamera ) {
+
+			writer.appendLine( `float2 clippingRange = (${camera.near}, ${camera.far})` );
+			writer.appendLine( `float horizontalAperture = ${( ( Math.abs( camera.left ) + Math.abs( camera.right ) ) * 10 ).toPrecision( PRECISION )}` );
+			writer.appendLine( `float verticalAperture = ${( ( Math.abs( camera.top ) + Math.abs( camera.bottom ) ) * 10 ).toPrecision( PRECISION )}` );
+			writer.appendLine( 'token projection = "orthographic"' );
+
+		} else if ( 'isPerspectiveCamera' in camera && camera.isPerspectiveCamera) {
+
+			writer.appendLine( `float2 clippingRange = (${camera.near.toPrecision( PRECISION )}, ${camera.far.toPrecision( PRECISION )})` );
+			writer.appendLine( `float focalLength = ${camera.getFocalLength().toPrecision( PRECISION )}` );
+			writer.appendLine( `float focusDistance = ${camera.focus.toPrecision( PRECISION )}` );
+			writer.appendLine( `float horizontalAperture = ${camera.getFilmWidth().toPrecision( PRECISION )}` );
+			writer.appendLine( 'token projection = "perspective"' );
+			writer.appendLine( `float verticalAperture = ${camera.getFilmHeight().toPrecision( PRECISION )}` );
+		}
+
+	}
+
+	if ( model.onSerialize ) {
+
+		model.onSerialize( writer, context );
+
+	}
+
+	if ( model.children ) {
+
+		writer.appendLine();
+		for ( const ch of model.children ) {
+
+			buildXform( ch, writer, context );
+
+		}
+
+	}
+
+	writer.closeBlock();
+
+}
+
+function fn( num:number ): string {
+
+	return Number.isInteger(num) ? num.toString() : num.toFixed( 10 );
+
+}
+
+function buildMatrix( matrix ) {
+
+	const array = matrix.elements;
+
+	return `( ${buildMatrixRow( array, 0 )}, ${buildMatrixRow( array, 4 )}, ${buildMatrixRow( array, 8 )}, ${buildMatrixRow( array, 12 )} )`;
+
+}
+
+function buildMatrixRow( array, offset ) {
+
+	return `(${fn( array[ offset + 0 ] )}, ${fn( array[ offset + 1 ] )}, ${fn( array[ offset + 2 ] )}, ${fn( array[ offset + 3 ] )})`;
+
+}
+
+// Mesh
+
+function buildMeshObject( geometry, bonesArray: Bone[] = [] ) {
+
+	const mesh = buildMesh( geometry, bonesArray );
+	return `
+def "Geometry"
+${mesh}
+`;
+
+}
+
+function buildMesh( geometry, bones: Bone[] = [] ) {
+
+	const name = 'Geometry';
+	const attributes = geometry.attributes;
+	const count = attributes.position.count;
+
+	const hasBones = bones && bones.length > 0;
+
+	// We need to sort bones and all skinning data by path –
+	// Neither glTF nor three.js care, but in USD they must be sorted
+	// since the array defines the virtual hierarchy and is evaluated in that order
+	const sortedBones: Array<{bone: Object3D, index: number}> = [];
+	const indexMapping: number[] = [];
+	let sortedSkinIndex = new Array<number>();
+	let sortedSkinIndexAttribute: BufferAttribute | null = attributes.skinIndex;
+	let bonesArray = "";
+	if (hasBones) {
+
+		for ( const index in bones ) {
+			sortedBones.push( { bone: bones[index], index: parseInt(index) } );
+		}
+
+		// add structural nodes to the list of bones
+		for ( const structuralNode of findStructuralNodesInBoneHierarchy(bones) ) {
+			sortedBones.push( { bone: structuralNode, index: sortedBones.length } );
+		}
+
+        // sort bones by path – need to be sorted in the same order as during mesh export
+		const assumedRoot = bones[0].parent!;
+		sortedBones.sort((a, b) => getPathToSkeleton(a.bone, assumedRoot) > getPathToSkeleton(b.bone, assumedRoot) ? 1 : -1);
+		bonesArray = sortedBones.map( x => "\"" + getPathToSkeleton(x.bone, assumedRoot) + "\"" ).join( ', ' );
+		
+		// TODO we can probably skip the expensive attribute re-ordering if the bones were already in a correct order.
+		// That doesn't mean that they are strictly sorted by path – just that all parents strictly need to come first.
+
+		// build index mapping
+		for (const i in sortedBones) {
+			indexMapping[sortedBones[i].index] = parseInt(i);
+		}
+
+		// remap skin index attributes
+		const skinIndex = attributes.skinIndex;
+		sortedSkinIndex = new Array<number>();
+		for ( let i = 0; i < skinIndex.count; i ++ ) {
+	
+			const x = skinIndex.getX( i );
+			const y = skinIndex.getY( i );
+			const z = skinIndex.getZ( i );
+			const w = skinIndex.getW( i );
+
+			sortedSkinIndex.push( indexMapping[x], indexMapping[y], indexMapping[z], indexMapping[w] );
+		}
+
+		// turn it back into an attribute so the rest of the code doesn't need to learn a new thing
+		sortedSkinIndexAttribute = new BufferAttribute( new Uint16Array( sortedSkinIndex ), 4 );
+	}
+
+	const isSkinnedMesh = attributes.skinWeight && attributes.skinIndex;
+
+	return `
+{	
+    def Mesh "${name}" ${isSkinnedMesh ? `(
+        prepend apiSchemas = ["SkelBindingAPI"]
+    )` : ''}
+    {
+        int[] faceVertexCounts = [${buildMeshVertexCount( geometry )}]
+        int[] faceVertexIndices = [${buildMeshVertexIndices( geometry )}]
+        normal3f[] normals = [${buildVector3Array( attributes.normal, count )}] (
+            interpolation = "vertex"
+        )
+        point3f[] points = [${buildVector3Array( attributes.position, count )}]
+        ${attributes.uv ?
+		`texCoord2f[] primvars:st = [${buildVector2Array( attributes.uv, count )}] (
+            interpolation = "vertex"
+        )` : '' }
+		${attributes.uv2 ?
+		`texCoord2f[] primvars:st2 = [${buildVector2Array( attributes.uv2, count )}] (
+            interpolation = "vertex"
+        )` : '' }
+		${isSkinnedMesh ?
+			`matrix4d primvars:skel:geomBindTransform = ( (1, 0, 0, 0), (0, 1, 0, 0), (0, 0, 1, 0), (0, 0, 0, 1) ) (
+				elementSize = 1
+				interpolation = "constant"
+			)` : '' }
+		${attributes.skinIndex ?
+		`int[] primvars:skel:jointIndices = [${buildVector4Array( sortedSkinIndexAttribute, true )}] (
+			elementSize = 4
+			interpolation = "vertex"
+		)` : '' }
+		${attributes.skinWeight ?
+		`float[] primvars:skel:jointWeights = [${buildVector4Array( attributes.skinWeight )}] (
+			elementSize = 4
+			interpolation = "vertex"
+		)` : '' }
+		${hasBones ?
+		//`uniform token[] skel:blendShapes
+		`uniform token[] skel:joints = [${bonesArray}]` : '' }
+        uniform token subdivisionScheme = "none"
+    }
+}
+
+# This is a workaround for QuickLook/RealityKit not supporting the doubleSided attribute. We're adding a second
+# geometry definition here, that uses the same mesh data but appends extra faces with reversed winding order.
+def "${name}_doubleSided" (
+	prepend references = </Geometry>
+)
+{
+	over "Geometry"
+	{
+		int[] faceVertexCounts = [${buildMeshVertexCount( geometry ) + ", " + buildMeshVertexCount( geometry )}]
+		int[] faceVertexIndices = [${buildMeshVertexIndices( geometry ) + ", " + buildMeshVertexIndices( geometry, true )}]
+	}
+}
+`;
+
+}
+
+function buildMeshVertexCount( geometry ) {
+
+	const count = geometry.index !== null ? geometry.index.count : geometry.attributes.position.count;
+
+	return Array( count / 3 ).fill( 3 ).join( ', ' );
+
+}
+
+function buildMeshVertexIndices( geometry: BufferGeometry, reverseWinding: boolean = false ) {
+
+	const index = geometry.index;
+	const array: Array<number> = [];
+
+	if ( index !== null ) {
+
+		for ( let i = 0; i < index.count; i ++ ) {
+
+			let val = i;
+			if ( reverseWinding )
+				val  = i % 3 === 0 ? i + 2 : i % 3 === 2 ? i - 2 : i;
+			array.push( index.getX( val ) );
+
+		}
+
+	} else {
+
+		const length = geometry.attributes.position.count;
+
+		for ( let i = 0; i < length; i ++ ) {
+
+			let val = i;
+			if ( reverseWinding )
+				val  = i % 3 === 0 ? i + 2 : i % 3 === 2 ? i - 2 : i;
+			array.push( val );
+
+		}
+
+	}
+
+	return array.join( ', ' );
+
+}
+
+function buildVector3Array( attribute, count ) {
+
+	if ( attribute === undefined ) {
+
+		console.warn( 'USDZExporter: Normals missing.' );
+		return Array( count ).fill( '(0, 0, 0)' ).join( ', ' );
+
+	}
+
+	const array: Array<string> = [];
+
+	for ( let i = 0; i < attribute.count; i ++ ) {
+
+		const x = attribute.getX( i );
+		const y = attribute.getY( i );
+		const z = attribute.getZ( i );
+
+		array.push( `(${x.toPrecision( PRECISION )}, ${y.toPrecision( PRECISION )}, ${z.toPrecision( PRECISION )})` );
+
+	}
+
+	return array.join( ', ' );
+
+}
+
+function buildVector4Array( attribute, ints = false ) {
+	const array: Array<string> = [];
+
+	for ( let i = 0; i < attribute.count; i ++ ) {
+
+		const x = attribute.getX( i );
+		const y = attribute.getY( i );
+		const z = attribute.getZ( i );
+		const w = attribute.getW( i );
+
+		array.push( `${ints ? x : x.toPrecision( PRECISION )}` );
+		array.push( `${ints ? y : y.toPrecision( PRECISION )}` );
+		array.push( `${ints ? z : z.toPrecision( PRECISION )}` );
+		array.push( `${ints ? w : w.toPrecision( PRECISION )}` );
+
+	}
+
+	return array.join( ', ' );
+
+}
+
+function buildVector2Array( attribute, count ) {
+
+	if ( attribute === undefined ) {
+
+		console.warn( 'USDZExporter: UVs missing.' );
+		return Array( count ).fill( '(0, 0)' ).join( ', ' );
+
+	}
+
+	const array: Array<string> = [];
+
+	for ( let i = 0; i < attribute.count; i ++ ) {
+
+		const x = attribute.getX( i );
+		const y = attribute.getY( i );
+
+		array.push( `(${x.toPrecision( PRECISION )}, ${1 - y.toPrecision( PRECISION )})` );
+
+	}
+
+	return array.join( ', ' );
+
+}
+
+// Materials
+
+function buildMaterials( materials: Map<string, Material>, textures: TextureMap, quickLookCompatible = false ) {
+
+	const array: Array<string> = [];
+
+	for ( const uuid in materials ) {
+
+		const material = materials[ uuid ];
+
+		array.push( buildMaterial( material, textures, quickLookCompatible ) );
+
+	}
+
+	return `def "Materials"
+    {
+${array.join( '' )}
+    }
+
+`;
+
+}
+
+function buildMaterial( material: MeshBasicMaterial, textures: TextureMap, quickLookCompatible = false ) {
+
+	// https://graphics.pixar.com/usd/docs/UsdPreviewSurface-Proposal.html
+
+	const pad = '            ';
+	const inputs: Array<string> = [];
+	const samplers: Array<string> = [];
+
+	function buildTexture( texture, mapType, color: Color | undefined = undefined, opacity: number | undefined = undefined ) {
+
+		const id = texture.id + ( color ? '_' + color.getHexString() : '' ) + ( opacity !== undefined ? '_' + opacity : '' );
+
+		// Seems neither QuickLook nor usdview support scale/bias on .a values, so we need to bake opacity multipliers into
+		// the texture. This is not ideal.
+		const opacityIsAppliedToTextureAndNotAsScale = quickLookCompatible && opacity !== undefined;
+		const scaleToApply = opacityIsAppliedToTextureAndNotAsScale ? new Vector4(1, 1, 1, opacity) : undefined;
+		textures[ id ] = { texture, scale: scaleToApply };
+		
+		const uv = texture.channel > 0 ? 'st' + texture.channel : 'st';
+
+		const isRGBA = formatsWithAlphaChannel.includes( texture.format );
+
+		const WRAPPINGS = {
+			1000: 'repeat', // RepeatWrapping
+			1001: 'clamp', // ClampToEdgeWrapping
+			1002: 'mirror' // MirroredRepeatWrapping
+		};
+
+		const repeat = texture.repeat.clone();
+		const offset = texture.offset.clone();
+		const rotation = texture.rotation;
+
+		// rotation is around the wrong point. after rotation we need to shift offset again so that we're rotating around the right spot
+		const xRotationOffset = Math.sin(rotation);
+		const yRotationOffset = Math.cos(rotation);
+
+		// texture coordinates start in the opposite corner, need to correct
+		offset.y = 1 - offset.y - repeat.y;
+
+		// turns out QuickLook is buggy and interprets texture repeat inverted.
+		// Apple Feedback: 	FB10036297 and FB11442287
+		if ( quickLookCompatible ) {
+
+			// This is NOT correct yet in QuickLook, but comes close for a range of models.
+			// It becomes more incorrect the bigger the offset is
+
+			offset.x = offset.x / repeat.x;
+			offset.y = offset.y / repeat.y;
+
+			offset.x += xRotationOffset / repeat.x;
+			offset.y += yRotationOffset - 1;
+		}
+
+		else {
+
+			// results match glTF results exactly. verified correct in usdview.
+			offset.x += xRotationOffset * repeat.x;
+			offset.y += (1 - yRotationOffset) * repeat.y;
+
+		}
+
+		const needsTextureTransform = ( repeat.x != 1 || repeat.y != 1 || offset.x != 0 || offset.y != 0 || rotation != 0 );
+		const textureTransformInput = `${materialRoot}/Material_${material.id}/${'uvReader_' + uv}.outputs:result>`;		const textureTransformOutput = `${materialRoot}/Material_${material.id}/Transform2d_${mapType}.outputs:result>`;
+		const needsTextureScale = mapType !== 'normal' && (color && (color.r !== 1 || color.g !== 1 || color.b !== 1 || opacity !== 1)) || false;
+
+		const needsNormalScaleAndBias = mapType === 'normal';
+		const normalScale = material instanceof MeshStandardMaterial ? (material.normalScale ? material.normalScale.x * 2 : 2) : 2;
+		const normalScaleValueString = normalScale.toFixed( PRECISION );
+		const normalBiasString = (-1 * (normalScale / 2)).toFixed( PRECISION );
+		const normalBiasZString = (1 - normalScale).toFixed( PRECISION );
+
+		return `
+        ${needsTextureTransform ? `def Shader "Transform2d_${mapType}" (
+            sdrMetadata = {
+                string role = "math"
+            }
+        )
+        {
+            uniform token info:id = "UsdTransform2d"
+            float2 inputs:in.connect = ${textureTransformInput}
+            float2 inputs:scale = ${buildVector2( repeat )}
+            float2 inputs:translation = ${buildVector2( offset )}
+			float inputs:rotation = ${(rotation / Math.PI * 180).toFixed( PRECISION )}
+            float2 outputs:result
+        }
+		` : '' }
+		def Shader "Texture_${texture.id}_${mapType}"
+        {
+            uniform token info:id = "UsdUVTexture"
+            asset inputs:file = @textures/Texture_${id}.${isRGBA ? 'png' : 'jpg'}@
+			token inputs:sourceColorSpace = "${ texture.colorSpace === 'srgb' ? 'sRGB' : 'raw' }"
+            float2 inputs:st.connect = ${needsTextureTransform ? textureTransformOutput : textureTransformInput}
+			${needsTextureScale ? `
+			float4 inputs:scale = (${color ? color.r + ', ' + color.g + ', ' + color.b : '1, 1, 1'}, ${(opacity !== undefined && !opacityIsAppliedToTextureAndNotAsScale) ? opacity : '1'})
+			` : `` }
+			${needsNormalScaleAndBias ? `
+			float4 inputs:scale = (${normalScaleValueString}, ${normalScaleValueString}, ${normalScaleValueString}, 1)
+			float4 inputs:bias = (${normalBiasString}, ${normalBiasString}, ${normalBiasZString}, 0)
+			` : `` }
+			token inputs:wrapS = "${ WRAPPINGS[ texture.wrapS ] }"
+			token inputs:wrapT = "${ WRAPPINGS[ texture.wrapT ] }"
+            float outputs:r
+            float outputs:g
+            float outputs:b
+            float3 outputs:rgb
+            ${material.transparent || material.alphaTest > 0.0 ? 'float outputs:a' : ''}
+        }`;
+
+	}
+
+	let effectiveOpacity = ( material.transparent || material.alphaTest ) ? material.opacity : 1;
+	
+	if ( material instanceof MeshPhysicalMaterial && material.transmission !== undefined) {
+
+		// TODO does not help when a roughnessMap is used
+		effectiveOpacity *= (1 - material.transmission * (1 - (material.roughness * 0.5)));
+
+	}
+
+	if ( material.map !== null ) {
+
+		inputs.push( `${pad}color3f inputs:diffuseColor.connect = ${materialRoot}/Material_${material.id}/Texture_${material.map.id}_diffuse.outputs:rgb>` );
+
+		if ( material.transparent ) {
+
+			inputs.push( `${pad}float inputs:opacity.connect = ${materialRoot}/Material_${material.id}/Texture_${material.map.id}_diffuse.outputs:a>` );
+
+		} else if ( material.alphaTest > 0.0 ) {
+
+			inputs.push( `${pad}float inputs:opacity.connect = ${materialRoot}/Material_${material.id}/Texture_${material.map.id}_diffuse.outputs:a>` );
+			inputs.push( `${pad}float inputs:opacityThreshold = ${material.alphaTest}` );
+
+		}
+
+		samplers.push( buildTexture( material.map, 'diffuse', material.color, effectiveOpacity ) );
+
+	} else {
+
+		inputs.push( `${pad}color3f inputs:diffuseColor = ${buildColor( material.color )}` );
+
+	}
+
+	if ( material.aoMap ) {
+
+		inputs.push( `${pad}float inputs:occlusion.connect = ${materialRoot}/Material_${material.id}/Texture_${material.aoMap.id}_occlusion.outputs:r>` );
+
+		samplers.push( buildTexture( material.aoMap, 'occlusion' ) );
+
+	}
+
+	if ( material.alphaMap ) {
+
+		inputs.push( `${pad}float inputs:opacity.connect = ${materialRoot}/Material_${material.id}/Texture_${material.alphaMap.id}_opacity.outputs:r>` );
+		inputs.push( `${pad}float inputs:opacityThreshold = 0.0001` );
+
+		samplers.push( buildTexture( material.alphaMap, 'opacity', new Color( 1, 1, 1 ), effectiveOpacity ) );
+
+	} else {
+
+		inputs.push( `${pad}float inputs:opacity = ${effectiveOpacity}` );
+
+		if ( material.alphaTest > 0.0 ) {
+
+			inputs.push( `${pad}float inputs:opacityThreshold = ${material.alphaTest}` );
+
+		}
+		
+	}
+
+	if ( material instanceof MeshStandardMaterial ) { 
+
+		if ( material.emissiveMap ) {
+
+			inputs.push( `${pad}color3f inputs:emissiveColor.connect = ${materialRoot}/Material_${material.id}/Texture_${material.emissiveMap.id}_emissive.outputs:rgb>` );
+			const color = material.emissive.clone();
+			color.multiplyScalar( material.emissiveIntensity );
+			samplers.push( buildTexture( material.emissiveMap, 'emissive', color ) );
+
+		} else if ( material.emissive?.getHex() > 0 ) {
+
+			const color = material.emissive.clone();
+			color.multiplyScalar( material.emissiveIntensity );
+			inputs.push( `${pad}color3f inputs:emissiveColor = ${buildColor( color )}` );
+
+		} else {
+			
+			inputs.push( `${pad}color3f inputs:emissiveColor = (0, 0, 0)` );
+
+		}
+
+		if ( material.normalMap ) {
+
+			inputs.push( `${pad}normal3f inputs:normal.connect = ${materialRoot}/Material_${material.id}/Texture_${material.normalMap.id}_normal.outputs:rgb>` );
+
+			samplers.push( buildTexture( material.normalMap, 'normal' ) );
+
+		}
+
+		if ( material.roughnessMap && material.roughness === 1 ) {
+
+			inputs.push( `${pad}float inputs:roughness.connect = ${materialRoot}/Material_${material.id}/Texture_${material.roughnessMap.id}_roughness.outputs:g>` );
+
+			samplers.push( buildTexture( material.roughnessMap, 'roughness' ) );
+
+		} else {
+
+			inputs.push( `${pad}float inputs:roughness = ${material.roughness !== undefined ? material.roughness : 1 }` );
+
+		}
+
+		if ( material.metalnessMap && material.metalness === 1 ) {
+
+			inputs.push( `${pad}float inputs:metallic.connect = ${materialRoot}/Material_${material.id}/Texture_${material.metalnessMap.id}_metallic.outputs:b>` );
+
+			samplers.push( buildTexture( material.metalnessMap, 'metallic' ) );
+
+		} else {
+
+			inputs.push( `${pad}float inputs:metallic = ${material.metalness !== undefined ? material.metalness : 0 }` );
+
+		}
+
+	}
+
+	if ( material instanceof MeshPhysicalMaterial ) {
+
+		inputs.push( `${pad}float inputs:clearcoat = ${material.clearcoat}` );
+		inputs.push( `${pad}float inputs:clearcoatRoughness = ${material.clearcoatRoughness}` );
+		inputs.push( `${pad}float inputs:ior = ${material.ior}` );
+
+		if ( !material.transparent && ! (material.alphaTest > 0.0) && material.transmissionMap) {
+
+			inputs.push( `${pad}float inputs:opacity.connect = ${materialRoot}/Material_${material.id}/Texture_${material.transmissionMap.id}_transmission.outputs:r>` );
+	
+			samplers.push( buildTexture( material.transmissionMap, 'transmission' ) );
+		}
+
+	}
+
+	return `
+    def Material "Material_${material.id}"
+    {
+        def Shader "PreviewSurface"
+        {
+            uniform token info:id = "UsdPreviewSurface"
+${inputs.join( '\n' )}
+            int inputs:useSpecularWorkflow = 0
+            token outputs:surface
+        }
+
+        token outputs:surface.connect = ${materialRoot}/Material_${material.id}/PreviewSurface.outputs:surface>
+
+        def Shader "uvReader_st"
+        {
+            uniform token info:id = "UsdPrimvarReader_float2"
+            token inputs:varname = "st"
+            float2 inputs:fallback = (0.0, 0.0)
+            float2 outputs:result
+        }
+
+		def Shader "uvReader_st2"
+        {
+            uniform token info:id = "UsdPrimvarReader_float2"
+            token inputs:varname = "st2"
+            float2 inputs:fallback = (0.0, 0.0)
+            float2 outputs:result
+        }
+
+${samplers.join( '\n' )}
+
+    }
+`;
+
+}
+
+function buildColor( color ) {
+
+	return `(${color.r}, ${color.g}, ${color.b})`;
+
+}
+
+function buildVector2( vector ) {
+
+	return `(${ vector.x }, ${ vector.y })`;
+
+}
+
+const formatsWithAlphaChannel = [
+	// uncompressed formats with alpha channel
+	1023, // RGBAFormat
+	// compressed formats with alpha channel
+	33777, // RGBA_S3TC_DXT1_Format
+	33778, // RGBA_S3TC_DXT3_Format
+	33779, // RGBA_S3TC_DXT5_Format
+	35842, // RGBA_PVRTC_4BPPV1_Format
+	35843, // RGBA_PVRTC_2BPPV1_Format
+	37496, // RGBA_ETC2_EAC_Format
+	37808, // RGBA_ASTC_4x4_Format
+	37809, // RGBA_ASTC_5x4_Format
+	37810, // RGBA_ASTC_5x5_Format
+	37811, // RGBA_ASTC_6x5_Format
+	37812, // RGBA_ASTC_6x6_Format
+	37813, // RGBA_ASTC_8x5_Format
+	37814, // RGBA_ASTC_8x6_Format
+	37815, // RGBA_ASTC_8x8_Format
+	37816, // RGBA_ASTC_10x5_Format
+	37817, // RGBA_ASTC_10x6_Format
+	37818, // RGBA_ASTC_10x8_Format
+	37819, // RGBA_ASTC_10x10_Format
+	37820, // RGBA_ASTC_12x10_Format
+	37821, // RGBA_ASTC_12x12_Format
+	36492, // RGBA_BPTC_Format
+];
+
+export { 
+	USDZExporter, 
+	USDZExporterContext, 
+	USDWriter, 
+	USDObject, 
+	buildMatrix,
+	getBoneName,
+	getPathToSkeleton,
+	fn as usdNumberFormatting, 
+	USDDocument, 
+	makeNameSafe as makeNameSafeForUSD, 
+	imageToCanvas, 
+	decompressGpuTexture,
+	findStructuralNodesInBoneHierarchy,
 };