@needle-tools/three 0.169.20-experimental.0 → 0.183.2-canary.0

package/src/objects/BatchedMesh.js

@@ -1,16 +1,22 @@
 import { BufferAttribute } from '../core/BufferAttribute.js';
 import { BufferGeometry } from '../core/BufferGeometry.js';
 import { DataTexture } from '../textures/DataTexture.js';
-import { FloatType, RedIntegerFormat, UnsignedIntType } from '../constants.js';
+import { FloatType, RedIntegerFormat, UnsignedIntType, RGBAFormat } from '../constants.js';
 import { Matrix4 } from '../math/Matrix4.js';
 import { Mesh } from './Mesh.js';
-import { RGBAFormat } from '../constants.js';
 import { ColorManagement } from '../math/ColorManagement.js';
 import { Box3 } from '../math/Box3.js';
 import { Sphere } from '../math/Sphere.js';
 import { Frustum } from '../math/Frustum.js';
 import { Vector3 } from '../math/Vector3.js';
 import { Color } from '../math/Color.js';
+import { FrustumArray } from '../math/FrustumArray.js';
+
+function ascIdSort( a, b ) {
+
+	return a - b;
+
+}
 
 function sortOpaque( a, b ) {
 
@@ -34,7 +40,7 @@ class MultiDrawRenderList {
 
 	}
 
-	push( drawRange, z, index ) {
+	push( start, count, z, index ) {
 
 		const pool = this.pool;
 		const list = this.list;
@@ -55,8 +61,8 @@ class MultiDrawRenderList {
 		list.push( item );
 		this.index ++;
 
-		item.start = drawRange.start;
-		item.count = drawRange.count;
+		item.start = start;
+		item.count = count;
 		item.z = z;
 		item.index = index;
 
@@ -72,11 +78,9 @@ class MultiDrawRenderList {
 }
 
 const _matrix = /*@__PURE__*/ new Matrix4();
-const _invMatrixWorld = /*@__PURE__*/ new Matrix4();
-const _identityMatrix = /*@__PURE__*/ new Matrix4();
 const _whiteColor = /*@__PURE__*/ new Color( 1, 1, 1 );
-const _projScreenMatrix = /*@__PURE__*/ new Matrix4();
 const _frustum = /*@__PURE__*/ new Frustum();
+const _frustumArray = /*@__PURE__*/ new FrustumArray();
 const _box = /*@__PURE__*/ new Box3();
 const _sphere = /*@__PURE__*/ new Sphere();
 const _vector = /*@__PURE__*/ new Vector3();
@@ -86,13 +90,6 @@ const _renderList = /*@__PURE__*/ new MultiDrawRenderList();
 const _mesh = /*@__PURE__*/ new Mesh();
 const _batchIntersects = [];
 
-// @TODO: SkinnedMesh support?
-// @TODO: geometry.groups support?
-// @TODO: geometry.drawRange support?
-// @TODO: geometry.morphAttributes support?
-// @TODO: Support uniform parameter per geometry
-// @TODO: Add an "optimize" function to pack geometry and remove data gaps
-
 // copies data from attribute "src" into "target" starting at "targetOffset"
 function copyAttributeData( src, target, targetOffset = 0 ) {
 
@@ -123,47 +120,159 @@ function copyAttributeData( src, target, targetOffset = 0 ) {
 
 }
 
-class BatchedMesh extends Mesh {
+// safely copies array contents to a potentially smaller array
+function copyArrayContents( src, target ) {
 
-	get maxInstanceCount() {
+	if ( src.constructor !== target.constructor ) {
 
-		return this._maxInstanceCount;
+		// if arrays are of a different type (eg due to index size increasing) then data must be per-element copied
+		const len = Math.min( src.length, target.length );
+		for ( let i = 0; i < len; i ++ ) {
+
+			target[ i ] = src[ i ];
+
+		}
+
+	} else {
+
+		// if the arrays use the same data layout we can use a fast block copy
+		const len = Math.min( src.length, target.length );
+		target.set( new src.constructor( src.buffer, 0, len ) );
 
 	}
 
+}
+
+/**
+ * A special version of a mesh with multi draw batch rendering support. Use
+ * this class if you have to render a large number of objects with the same
+ * material but with different geometries or world transformations. The usage of
+ * `BatchedMesh` will help you to reduce the number of draw calls and thus improve the overall
+ * rendering performance in your application.
+ *
+ * ```js
+ * const box = new THREE.BoxGeometry( 1, 1, 1 );
+ * const sphere = new THREE.SphereGeometry( 1, 12, 12 );
+ * const material = new THREE.MeshBasicMaterial( { color: 0x00ff00 } );
+ *
+ * // initialize and add geometries into the batched mesh
+ * const batchedMesh = new BatchedMesh( 10, 5000, 10000, material );
+ * const boxGeometryId = batchedMesh.addGeometry( box );
+ * const sphereGeometryId = batchedMesh.addGeometry( sphere );
+ *
+ * // create instances of those geometries
+ * const boxInstancedId1 = batchedMesh.addInstance( boxGeometryId );
+ * const boxInstancedId2 = batchedMesh.addInstance( boxGeometryId );
+ *
+ * const sphereInstancedId1 = batchedMesh.addInstance( sphereGeometryId );
+ * const sphereInstancedId2 = batchedMesh.addInstance( sphereGeometryId );
+ *
+ * // position the geometries
+ * batchedMesh.setMatrixAt( boxInstancedId1, boxMatrix1 );
+ * batchedMesh.setMatrixAt( boxInstancedId2, boxMatrix2 );
+ *
+ * batchedMesh.setMatrixAt( sphereInstancedId1, sphereMatrix1 );
+ * batchedMesh.setMatrixAt( sphereInstancedId2, sphereMatrix2 );
+ *
+ * scene.add( batchedMesh );
+ * ```
+ *
+ * @augments Mesh
+ */
+class BatchedMesh extends Mesh {
+
+	/**
+	 * Constructs a new batched mesh.
+	 *
+	 * @param {number} maxInstanceCount - The maximum number of individual instances planned to be added and rendered.
+	 * @param {number} maxVertexCount - The maximum number of vertices to be used by all unique geometries.
+	 * @param {number} [maxIndexCount=maxVertexCount*2] - The maximum number of indices to be used by all unique geometries
+	 * @param {Material|Array<Material>} [material] - The mesh material.
+	 */
 	constructor( maxInstanceCount, maxVertexCount, maxIndexCount = maxVertexCount * 2, material ) {
 
 		super( new BufferGeometry(), material );
 
+		/**
+		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
+		 *
+		 * @type {boolean}
+		 * @readonly
+		 * @default true
+		 */
 		this.isBatchedMesh = true;
+
+		/**
+		 * When set ot `true`, the individual objects of a batch are frustum culled.
+		 *
+		 * @type {boolean}
+		 * @default true
+		 */
 		this.perObjectFrustumCulled = true;
+
+		/**
+		 * When set to `true`, the individual objects of a batch are sorted to improve overdraw-related artifacts.
+		 * If the material is marked as "transparent" objects are rendered back to front and if not then they are
+		 * rendered front to back.
+		 *
+		 * @type {boolean}
+		 * @default true
+		 */
 		this.sortObjects = true;
+
+		/**
+		 * The bounding box of the batched mesh. Can be computed via {@link BatchedMesh#computeBoundingBox}.
+		 *
+		 * @type {?Box3}
+		 * @default null
+		 */
 		this.boundingBox = null;
+
+		/**
+		 * The bounding sphere of the batched mesh. Can be computed via {@link BatchedMesh#computeBoundingSphere}.
+		 *
+		 * @type {?Sphere}
+		 * @default null
+		 */
 		this.boundingSphere = null;
+
+		/**
+		 * Takes a sort a function that is run before render. The function takes a list of instances to
+		 * sort and a camera. The objects in the list include a "z" field to perform a depth-ordered
+		 * sort with.
+		 *
+		 * @type {?Function}
+		 * @default null
+		 */
 		this.customSort = null;
 
-		// stores visible, active, and geometry id per object
-		this._drawInfo = [];
+		// stores visible, active, and geometry id per instance and reserved buffer ranges for geometries
+		this._instanceInfo = [];
+		this._geometryInfo = [];
 
-		// instance ids that have been set as inactive, and are available to be overwritten
+		// instance, geometry ids that have been set as inactive, and are available to be overwritten
 		this._availableInstanceIds = [];
+		this._availableGeometryIds = [];
 
-		// geometry information
-		this._drawRanges = [];
-		this._reservedRanges = [];
-		this._bounds = [];
+		// used to track where the next point is that geometry should be inserted
+		this._nextIndexStart = 0;
+		this._nextVertexStart = 0;
+		this._geometryCount = 0;
+
+		// flags
+		this._visibilityChanged = true;
+		this._geometryInitialized = false;
 
+		// cached user options
 		this._maxInstanceCount = maxInstanceCount;
 		this._maxVertexCount = maxVertexCount;
 		this._maxIndexCount = maxIndexCount;
 
-		this._geometryInitialized = false;
-		this._geometryCount = 0;
+		// buffers for multi draw
 		this._multiDrawCounts = new Int32Array( maxInstanceCount );
 		this._multiDrawStarts = new Int32Array( maxInstanceCount );
 		this._multiDrawCount = 0;
 		this._multiDrawInstances = null;
-		this._visibilityChanged = true;
 
 		// Local matrix per geometry by using data texture
 		this._matricesTexture = null;
@@ -175,6 +284,54 @@ class BatchedMesh extends Mesh {
 
 	}
 
+	/**
+	 * The maximum number of individual instances that can be stored in the batch.
+	 *
+	 * @type {number}
+	 * @readonly
+	 */
+	get maxInstanceCount() {
+
+		return this._maxInstanceCount;
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * The instance count.
+	 *
+	 * @type {number}
+	 * @readonly
+	 */
+	get instanceCount() {
+
+		return this._instanceInfo.length - this._availableInstanceIds.length;
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * The number of unused vertices.
+	 *
+	 * @type {number}
+	 * @readonly
+	 */
+	get unusedVertexCount() {
+
+		return this._maxVertexCount - this._nextVertexStart;
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * The number of unused indices.
+	 *
+	 * @type {number}
+	 * @readonly
+	 */
+	get unusedIndexCount() {
+
+		return this._maxIndexCount - this._nextIndexStart;
+
+	}
+
 	_initMatricesTexture() {
 
 		// layout (1 matrix = 4 pixels)
@@ -264,7 +421,7 @@ class BatchedMesh extends Mesh {
 		const batchGeometry = this.geometry;
 		if ( Boolean( geometry.getIndex() ) !== Boolean( batchGeometry.getIndex() ) ) {
 
-			throw new Error( 'BatchedMesh: All geometries must consistently have "index".' );
+			throw new Error( 'THREE.BatchedMesh: All geometries must consistently have "index".' );
 
 		}
 
@@ -272,7 +429,7 @@ class BatchedMesh extends Mesh {
 
 			if ( ! geometry.hasAttribute( attributeName ) ) {
 
-				throw new Error( `BatchedMesh: Added geometry missing "${ attributeName }". All geometries must have consistent attributes.` );
+				throw new Error( `THREE.BatchedMesh: Added geometry missing "${ attributeName }". All geometries must have consistent attributes.` );
 
 			}
 
@@ -280,7 +437,7 @@ class BatchedMesh extends Mesh {
 			const dstAttribute = batchGeometry.getAttribute( attributeName );
 			if ( srcAttribute.itemSize !== dstAttribute.itemSize || srcAttribute.normalized !== dstAttribute.normalized ) {
 
-				throw new Error( 'BatchedMesh: All attributes must have a consistent itemSize and normalized value.' );
+				throw new Error( 'THREE.BatchedMesh: All attributes must have a consistent itemSize and normalized value.' );
 
 			}
 
@@ -288,6 +445,45 @@ class BatchedMesh extends Mesh {
 
 	}
 
+	/**
+	 * Validates the instance defined by the given ID.
+	 *
+	 * @param {number} instanceId - The instance to validate.
+	 */
+	validateInstanceId( instanceId ) {
+
+		const instanceInfo = this._instanceInfo;
+		if ( instanceId < 0 || instanceId >= instanceInfo.length || instanceInfo[ instanceId ].active === false ) {
+
+			throw new Error( `THREE.BatchedMesh: Invalid instanceId ${instanceId}. Instance is either out of range or has been deleted.` );
+
+		}
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Validates the geometry defined by the given ID.
+	 *
+	 * @param {number} geometryId - The geometry to validate.
+	 */
+	validateGeometryId( geometryId ) {
+
+		const geometryInfoList = this._geometryInfo;
+		if ( geometryId < 0 || geometryId >= geometryInfoList.length || geometryInfoList[ geometryId ].active === false ) {
+
+			throw new Error( `THREE.BatchedMesh: Invalid geometryId ${geometryId}. Geometry is either out of range or has been deleted.` );
+
+		}
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Takes a sort a function that is run before render. The function takes a list of instances to
+	 * sort and a camera. The objects in the list include a "z" field to perform a depth-ordered sort with.
+	 *
+	 * @param {Function} func - The custom sort function.
+	 * @return {BatchedMesh} A reference to this batched mesh.
+	 */
 	setCustomSort( func ) {
 
 		this.customSort = func;
@@ -295,6 +491,11 @@ class BatchedMesh extends Mesh {
 
 	}
 
+	/**
+	 * Computes the bounding box, updating {@link BatchedMesh#boundingBox}.
+	 * Bounding boxes aren't computed by default. They need to be explicitly computed,
+	 * otherwise they are `null`.
+	 */
 	computeBoundingBox() {
 
 		if ( this.boundingBox === null ) {
@@ -304,14 +505,14 @@ class BatchedMesh extends Mesh {
 		}
 
 		const boundingBox = this.boundingBox;
-		const drawInfo = this._drawInfo;
+		const instanceInfo = this._instanceInfo;
 
 		boundingBox.makeEmpty();
-		for ( let i = 0, l = drawInfo.length; i < l; i ++ ) {
+		for ( let i = 0, l = instanceInfo.length; i < l; i ++ ) {
 
-			if ( drawInfo[ i ].active === false ) continue;
+			if ( instanceInfo[ i ].active === false ) continue;
 
-			const geometryId = drawInfo[ i ].geometryIndex;
+			const geometryId = instanceInfo[ i ].geometryIndex;
 			this.getMatrixAt( i, _matrix );
 			this.getBoundingBoxAt( geometryId, _box ).applyMatrix4( _matrix );
 			boundingBox.union( _box );
@@ -320,6 +521,11 @@ class BatchedMesh extends Mesh {
 
 	}
 
+	/**
+	 * Computes the bounding sphere, updating {@link BatchedMesh#boundingSphere}.
+	 * Bounding spheres aren't computed by default. They need to be explicitly computed,
+	 * otherwise they are `null`.
+	 */
 	computeBoundingSphere() {
 
 		if ( this.boundingSphere === null ) {
@@ -329,14 +535,14 @@ class BatchedMesh extends Mesh {
 		}
 
 		const boundingSphere = this.boundingSphere;
-		const drawInfo = this._drawInfo;
+		const instanceInfo = this._instanceInfo;
 
 		boundingSphere.makeEmpty();
-		for ( let i = 0, l = drawInfo.length; i < l; i ++ ) {
+		for ( let i = 0, l = instanceInfo.length; i < l; i ++ ) {
 
-			if ( drawInfo[ i ].active === false ) continue;
+			if ( instanceInfo[ i ].active === false ) continue;
 
-			const geometryId = drawInfo[ i ].geometryIndex;
+			const geometryId = instanceInfo[ i ].geometryIndex;
 			this.getMatrixAt( i, _matrix );
 			this.getBoundingSphereAt( geometryId, _sphere ).applyMatrix4( _matrix );
 			boundingSphere.union( _sphere );
@@ -345,18 +551,25 @@ class BatchedMesh extends Mesh {
 
 	}
 
+	/**
+	 * Adds a new instance to the batch using the geometry of the given ID and returns
+	 * a new id referring to the new instance to be used by other functions.
+	 *
+	 * @param {number} geometryId - The ID of a previously added geometry via {@link BatchedMesh#addGeometry}.
+	 * @return {number} The instance ID.
+	 */
 	addInstance( geometryId ) {
 
-		const atCapacity = this._drawInfo.length >= this.maxInstanceCount;
+		const atCapacity = this._instanceInfo.length >= this.maxInstanceCount;
 
 		// ensure we're not over geometry
 		if ( atCapacity && this._availableInstanceIds.length === 0 ) {
 
-			throw new Error( 'BatchedMesh: Maximum item count reached.' );
+			throw new Error( 'THREE.BatchedMesh: Maximum item count reached.' );
 
 		}
 
-		const instanceDrawInfo = {
+		const instanceInfo = {
 			visible: true,
 			active: true,
 			geometryIndex: geometryId,
@@ -367,19 +580,20 @@ class BatchedMesh extends Mesh {
 		// Prioritize using previously freed instance ids
 		if ( this._availableInstanceIds.length > 0 ) {
 
-			drawId = this._availableInstanceIds.pop();
-			this._drawInfo[ drawId ] = instanceDrawInfo;
+			this._availableInstanceIds.sort( ascIdSort );
+
+			drawId = this._availableInstanceIds.shift();
+			this._instanceInfo[ drawId ] = instanceInfo;
 
 		} else {
 
-			drawId = this._drawInfo.length;
-			this._drawInfo.push( instanceDrawInfo );
+			drawId = this._instanceInfo.length;
+			this._instanceInfo.push( instanceInfo );
 
 		}
 
 		const matricesTexture = this._matricesTexture;
-		const matricesArray = matricesTexture.image.data;
-		_identityMatrix.toArray( matricesArray, drawId * 16 );
+		_matrix.identity().toArray( matricesTexture.image.data, drawId * 16 );
 		matricesTexture.needsUpdate = true;
 
 		const colorsTexture = this._colorsTexture;
@@ -390,127 +604,118 @@ class BatchedMesh extends Mesh {
 
 		}
 
+		this._visibilityChanged = true;
 		return drawId;
 
 	}
 
-	addGeometry( geometry, vertexCount = - 1, indexCount = - 1 ) {
+	/**
+	 * Adds the given geometry to the batch and returns the associated
+	 * geometry id referring to it to be used in other functions.
+	 *
+	 * @param {BufferGeometry} geometry - The geometry to add.
+	 * @param {number} [reservedVertexCount=-1] - Optional parameter specifying the amount of
+	 * vertex buffer space to reserve for the added geometry. This is necessary if it is planned
+	 * to set a new geometry at this index at a later time that is larger than the original geometry.
+	 * Defaults to the length of the given geometry vertex buffer.
+	 * @param {number} [reservedIndexCount=-1] - Optional parameter specifying the amount of index
+	 * buffer space to reserve for the added geometry. This is necessary if it is planned to set a
+	 * new geometry at this index at a later time that is larger than the original geometry. Defaults to
+	 * the length of the given geometry index buffer.
+	 * @return {number} The geometry ID.
+	 */
+	addGeometry( geometry, reservedVertexCount = - 1, reservedIndexCount = - 1 ) {
 
 		this._initializeGeometry( geometry );
 
 		this._validateGeometry( geometry );
 
-		// ensure we're not over geometry
-		if ( this._drawInfo.length >= this._maxInstanceCount ) {
-
-			throw new Error( 'BatchedMesh: Maximum item count reached.' );
-
-		}
-
-		// get the necessary range fo the geometry
-		const reservedRange = {
+		const geometryInfo = {
+			// geometry information
 			vertexStart: - 1,
 			vertexCount: - 1,
+			reservedVertexCount: - 1,
+
 			indexStart: - 1,
 			indexCount: - 1,
-		};
-
-		let lastRange = null;
-		const reservedRanges = this._reservedRanges;
-		const drawRanges = this._drawRanges;
-		const bounds = this._bounds;
-		if ( this._geometryCount !== 0 ) {
-
-			lastRange = reservedRanges[ reservedRanges.length - 1 ];
-
-		}
-
-		if ( vertexCount === - 1 ) {
-
-			reservedRange.vertexCount = geometry.getAttribute( 'position' ).count;
-
-		} else {
-
-			reservedRange.vertexCount = vertexCount;
-
-		}
-
-		if ( lastRange === null ) {
+			reservedIndexCount: - 1,
 
-			reservedRange.vertexStart = 0;
+			// draw range information
+			start: - 1,
+			count: - 1,
 
-		} else {
+			// state
+			boundingBox: null,
+			boundingSphere: null,
+			active: true,
+		};
 
-			reservedRange.vertexStart = lastRange.vertexStart + lastRange.vertexCount;
-
-		}
+		const geometryInfoList = this._geometryInfo;
+		geometryInfo.vertexStart = this._nextVertexStart;
+		geometryInfo.reservedVertexCount = reservedVertexCount === - 1 ? geometry.getAttribute( 'position' ).count : reservedVertexCount;
 
 		const index = geometry.getIndex();
 		const hasIndex = index !== null;
 		if ( hasIndex ) {
 
-			if ( indexCount	=== - 1 ) {
-
-				reservedRange.indexCount = index.count;
+			geometryInfo.indexStart = this._nextIndexStart;
+			geometryInfo.reservedIndexCount = reservedIndexCount === - 1 ? index.count : reservedIndexCount;
 
-			} else {
-
-				reservedRange.indexCount = indexCount;
+		}
 
-			}
+		if (
+			geometryInfo.indexStart !== - 1 &&
+			geometryInfo.indexStart + geometryInfo.reservedIndexCount > this._maxIndexCount ||
+			geometryInfo.vertexStart + geometryInfo.reservedVertexCount > this._maxVertexCount
+		) {
 
-			if ( lastRange === null ) {
+			throw new Error( 'THREE.BatchedMesh: Reserved space request exceeds the maximum buffer size.' );
 
-				reservedRange.indexStart = 0;
+		}
 
-			} else {
+		// update id
+		let geometryId;
+		if ( this._availableGeometryIds.length > 0 ) {
 
-				reservedRange.indexStart = lastRange.indexStart + lastRange.indexCount;
+			this._availableGeometryIds.sort( ascIdSort );
 
-			}
+			geometryId = this._availableGeometryIds.shift();
+			geometryInfoList[ geometryId ] = geometryInfo;
 
-		}
 
-		if (
-			reservedRange.indexStart !== - 1 &&
-			reservedRange.indexStart + reservedRange.indexCount > this._maxIndexCount ||
-			reservedRange.vertexStart + reservedRange.vertexCount > this._maxVertexCount
-		) {
+		} else {
 
-			throw new Error( 'BatchedMesh: Reserved space request exceeds the maximum buffer size.' );
+			geometryId = this._geometryCount;
+			this._geometryCount ++;
+			geometryInfoList.push( geometryInfo );
 
 		}
 
-		// update id
-		const geometryId = this._geometryCount;
-		this._geometryCount ++;
-
-		// add the reserved range and draw range objects
-		reservedRanges.push( reservedRange );
-		drawRanges.push( {
-			start: hasIndex ? reservedRange.indexStart : reservedRange.vertexStart,
-			count: - 1
-		} );
-		bounds.push( {
-			boxInitialized: false,
-			box: new Box3(),
-
-			sphereInitialized: false,
-			sphere: new Sphere()
-		} );
-
 		// update the geometry
 		this.setGeometryAt( geometryId, geometry );
 
+		// increment the next geometry position
+		this._nextIndexStart = geometryInfo.indexStart + geometryInfo.reservedIndexCount;
+		this._nextVertexStart = geometryInfo.vertexStart + geometryInfo.reservedVertexCount;
+
 		return geometryId;
 
 	}
 
+	/**
+	 * Replaces the geometry at the given ID with the provided geometry. Throws an error if there
+	 * is not enough space reserved for geometry. Calling this will change all instances that are
+	 * rendering that geometry.
+	 *
+	 * @param {number} geometryId - The ID of the geometry that should be replaced with the given geometry.
+	 * @param {BufferGeometry} geometry - The new geometry.
+	 * @return {number} The geometry ID.
+	 */
 	setGeometryAt( geometryId, geometry ) {
 
 		if ( geometryId >= this._geometryCount ) {
 
-			throw new Error( 'BatchedMesh: Maximum geometry count reached.' );
+			throw new Error( 'THREE.BatchedMesh: Maximum geometry count reached.' );
 
 		}
 
@@ -520,20 +725,22 @@ class BatchedMesh extends Mesh {
 		const hasIndex = batchGeometry.getIndex() !== null;
 		const dstIndex = batchGeometry.getIndex();
 		const srcIndex = geometry.getIndex();
-		const reservedRange = this._reservedRanges[ geometryId ];
+		const geometryInfo = this._geometryInfo[ geometryId ];
 		if (
 			hasIndex &&
-			srcIndex.count > reservedRange.indexCount ||
-			geometry.attributes.position.count > reservedRange.vertexCount
+			srcIndex.count > geometryInfo.reservedIndexCount ||
+			geometry.attributes.position.count > geometryInfo.reservedVertexCount
 		) {
 
-			throw new Error( 'BatchedMesh: Reserved space not large enough for provided geometry.' );
+			throw new Error( 'THREE.BatchedMesh: Reserved space not large enough for provided geometry.' );
 
 		}
 
-		// copy geometry over
-		const vertexStart = reservedRange.vertexStart;
-		const vertexCount = reservedRange.vertexCount;
+		// copy geometry buffer data over
+		const vertexStart = geometryInfo.vertexStart;
+		const reservedVertexCount = geometryInfo.reservedVertexCount;
+		geometryInfo.vertexCount = geometry.getAttribute( 'position' ).count;
+
 		for ( const attributeName in batchGeometry.attributes ) {
 
 			// copy attribute data
@@ -543,7 +750,7 @@ class BatchedMesh extends Mesh {
 
 			// fill the rest in with zeroes
 			const itemSize = srcAttribute.itemSize;
-			for ( let i = srcAttribute.count, l = vertexCount; i < l; i ++ ) {
+			for ( let i = srcAttribute.count, l = reservedVertexCount; i < l; i ++ ) {
 
 				const index = vertexStart + i;
 				for ( let c = 0; c < itemSize; c ++ ) {
@@ -555,14 +762,16 @@ class BatchedMesh extends Mesh {
 			}
 
 			dstAttribute.needsUpdate = true;
-			dstAttribute.addUpdateRange( vertexStart * itemSize, vertexCount * itemSize );
+			dstAttribute.addUpdateRange( vertexStart * itemSize, reservedVertexCount * itemSize );
 
 		}
 
 		// copy index
 		if ( hasIndex ) {
 
-			const indexStart = reservedRange.indexStart;
+			const indexStart = geometryInfo.indexStart;
+			const reservedIndexCount = geometryInfo.reservedIndexCount;
+			geometryInfo.indexCount = geometry.getIndex().count;
 
 			// copy index data over
 			for ( let i = 0; i < srcIndex.count; i ++ ) {
@@ -572,77 +781,199 @@ class BatchedMesh extends Mesh {
 			}
 
 			// fill the rest in with zeroes
-			for ( let i = srcIndex.count, l = reservedRange.indexCount; i < l; i ++ ) {
+			for ( let i = srcIndex.count, l = reservedIndexCount; i < l; i ++ ) {
 
 				dstIndex.setX( indexStart + i, vertexStart );
 
 			}
 
 			dstIndex.needsUpdate = true;
-			dstIndex.addUpdateRange( indexStart, reservedRange.indexCount );
+			dstIndex.addUpdateRange( indexStart, geometryInfo.reservedIndexCount );
 
 		}
 
+		// update the draw range
+		geometryInfo.start = hasIndex ? geometryInfo.indexStart : geometryInfo.vertexStart;
+		geometryInfo.count = hasIndex ? geometryInfo.indexCount : geometryInfo.vertexCount;
+
 		// store the bounding boxes
-		const bound = this._bounds[ geometryId ];
+		geometryInfo.boundingBox = null;
 		if ( geometry.boundingBox !== null ) {
 
-			bound.box.copy( geometry.boundingBox );
-			bound.boxInitialized = true;
+			geometryInfo.boundingBox = geometry.boundingBox.clone();
 
-		} else {
+		}
+
+		geometryInfo.boundingSphere = null;
+		if ( geometry.boundingSphere !== null ) {
 
-			bound.boxInitialized = false;
+			geometryInfo.boundingSphere = geometry.boundingSphere.clone();
 
 		}
 
-		if ( geometry.boundingSphere !== null ) {
+		this._visibilityChanged = true;
+		return geometryId;
 
-			bound.sphere.copy( geometry.boundingSphere );
-			bound.sphereInitialized = true;
+	}
 
-		} else {
+	/**
+	 * Deletes the geometry defined by the given ID from this batch. Any instances referencing
+	 * this geometry will also be removed as a side effect.
+	 *
+	 * @param {number} geometryId - The ID of the geometry to remove from the batch.
+	 * @return {BatchedMesh} A reference to this batched mesh.
+	 */
+	deleteGeometry( geometryId ) {
+
+		const geometryInfoList = this._geometryInfo;
+		if ( geometryId >= geometryInfoList.length || geometryInfoList[ geometryId ].active === false ) {
+
+			return this;
 
-			bound.sphereInitialized = false;
+		}
+
+		// delete any instances associated with this geometry
+		const instanceInfo = this._instanceInfo;
+		for ( let i = 0, l = instanceInfo.length; i < l; i ++ ) {
+
+			if ( instanceInfo[ i ].active && instanceInfo[ i ].geometryIndex === geometryId ) {
+
+				this.deleteInstance( i );
+
+			}
 
 		}
 
-		// set drawRange count
-		const drawRange = this._drawRanges[ geometryId ];
-		const posAttr = geometry.getAttribute( 'position' );
-		drawRange.count = hasIndex ? srcIndex.count : posAttr.count;
+		geometryInfoList[ geometryId ].active = false;
+		this._availableGeometryIds.push( geometryId );
 		this._visibilityChanged = true;
 
-		return geometryId;
+		return this;
 
 	}
 
-	/*
-	deleteGeometry( geometryId ) {
+	/**
+	 * Deletes an existing instance from the batch using the given ID.
+	 *
+	 * @param {number} instanceId - The ID of the instance to remove from the batch.
+	 * @return {BatchedMesh} A reference to this batched mesh.
+	 */
+	deleteInstance( instanceId ) {
+
+		this.validateInstanceId( instanceId );
+
+		this._instanceInfo[ instanceId ].active = false;
+		this._availableInstanceIds.push( instanceId );
+		this._visibilityChanged = true;
 
-		// TODO: delete geometry and associated instances
+		return this;
 
 	}
-	*/
 
-	deleteInstance( instanceId ) {
+	/**
+	 * Repacks the sub geometries in BatchedMesh to remove any unused space remaining from
+	 * previously deleted geometry, freeing up space to add new geometry.
+	 *
+	 * @return {BatchedMesh} A reference to this batched mesh.
+	 */
+	optimize() {
 
-		const drawInfo = this._drawInfo;
-		if ( instanceId >= drawInfo.length || drawInfo[ instanceId ].active === false ) {
+		// track the next indices to copy data to
+		let nextVertexStart = 0;
+		let nextIndexStart = 0;
 
-			return this;
+		// Iterate over all geometry ranges in order sorted from earliest in the geometry buffer to latest
+		// in the geometry buffer. Because draw range objects can be reused there is no guarantee of their order.
+		const geometryInfoList = this._geometryInfo;
+		const indices = geometryInfoList
+			.map( ( e, i ) => i )
+			.sort( ( a, b ) => {
+
+				return geometryInfoList[ a ].vertexStart - geometryInfoList[ b ].vertexStart;
+
+			} );
+
+		const geometry = this.geometry;
+		for ( let i = 0, l = geometryInfoList.length; i < l; i ++ ) {
+
+			// if a geometry range is inactive then don't copy anything
+			const index = indices[ i ];
+			const geometryInfo = geometryInfoList[ index ];
+			if ( geometryInfo.active === false ) {
+
+				continue;
+
+			}
+
+			// if a geometry contains an index buffer then shift it, as well
+			if ( geometry.index !== null ) {
+
+				if ( geometryInfo.indexStart !== nextIndexStart ) {
+
+					const { indexStart, vertexStart, reservedIndexCount } = geometryInfo;
+					const index = geometry.index;
+					const array = index.array;
+
+					// shift the index pointers based on how the vertex data will shift
+					// adjusting the index must happen first so the original vertex start value is available
+					const elementDelta = nextVertexStart - vertexStart;
+					for ( let j = indexStart; j < indexStart + reservedIndexCount; j ++ ) {
+
+						array[ j ] = array[ j ] + elementDelta;
+
+					}
+
+					index.array.copyWithin( nextIndexStart, indexStart, indexStart + reservedIndexCount );
+					index.addUpdateRange( nextIndexStart, reservedIndexCount );
+					index.needsUpdate = true;
+
+					geometryInfo.indexStart = nextIndexStart;
+
+				}
+
+				nextIndexStart += geometryInfo.reservedIndexCount;
+
+			}
+
+			// if a geometry needs to be moved then copy attribute data to overwrite unused space
+			if ( geometryInfo.vertexStart !== nextVertexStart ) {
+
+				const { vertexStart, reservedVertexCount } = geometryInfo;
+				const attributes = geometry.attributes;
+				for ( const key in attributes ) {
+
+					const attribute = attributes[ key ];
+					const { array, itemSize } = attribute;
+					array.copyWithin( nextVertexStart * itemSize, vertexStart * itemSize, ( vertexStart + reservedVertexCount ) * itemSize );
+					attribute.addUpdateRange( nextVertexStart * itemSize, reservedVertexCount * itemSize );
+					attribute.needsUpdate = true;
+
+				}
+
+				geometryInfo.vertexStart = nextVertexStart;
+
+			}
+
+			nextVertexStart += geometryInfo.reservedVertexCount;
+			geometryInfo.start = geometry.index ? geometryInfo.indexStart : geometryInfo.vertexStart;
 
 		}
 
-		drawInfo[ instanceId ].active = false;
-		this._availableInstanceIds.push( instanceId );
+		this._nextIndexStart = nextIndexStart;
+		this._nextVertexStart = nextVertexStart;
 		this._visibilityChanged = true;
 
 		return this;
 
 	}
 
-	// get bounding box and compute it if it doesn't exist
+	/**
+	 * Returns the bounding box for the given geometry.
+	 *
+	 * @param {number} geometryId - The ID of the geometry to return the bounding box for.
+	 * @param {Box3} target - The target object that is used to store the method's result.
+	 * @return {?Box3} The geometry's bounding box. Returns `null` if no geometry has been found for the given ID.
+	 */
 	getBoundingBoxAt( geometryId, target ) {
 
 		if ( geometryId >= this._geometryCount ) {
@@ -652,17 +983,14 @@ class BatchedMesh extends Mesh {
 		}
 
 		// compute bounding box
-		const bound = this._bounds[ geometryId ];
-		const box = bound.box;
 		const geometry = this.geometry;
-		if ( bound.boxInitialized === false ) {
-
-			box.makeEmpty();
+		const geometryInfo = this._geometryInfo[ geometryId ];
+		if ( geometryInfo.boundingBox === null ) {
 
+			const box = new Box3();
 			const index = geometry.index;
 			const position = geometry.attributes.position;
-			const drawRange = this._drawRanges[ geometryId ];
-			for ( let i = drawRange.start, l = drawRange.start + drawRange.count; i < l; i ++ ) {
+			for ( let i = geometryInfo.start, l = geometryInfo.start + geometryInfo.count; i < l; i ++ ) {
 
 				let iv = i;
 				if ( index ) {
@@ -675,16 +1003,22 @@ class BatchedMesh extends Mesh {
 
 			}
 
-			bound.boxInitialized = true;
+			geometryInfo.boundingBox = box;
 
 		}
 
-		target.copy( box );
+		target.copy( geometryInfo.boundingBox );
 		return target;
 
 	}
 
-	// get bounding sphere and compute it if it doesn't exist
+	/**
+	 * Returns the bounding sphere for the given geometry.
+	 *
+	 * @param {number} geometryId - The ID of the geometry to return the bounding sphere for.
+	 * @param {Sphere} target - The target object that is used to store the method's result.
+	 * @return {?Sphere} The geometry's bounding sphere. Returns `null` if no geometry has been found for the given ID.
+	 */
 	getBoundingSphereAt( geometryId, target ) {
 
 		if ( geometryId >= this._geometryCount ) {
@@ -694,22 +1028,19 @@ class BatchedMesh extends Mesh {
 		}
 
 		// compute bounding sphere
-		const bound = this._bounds[ geometryId ];
-		const sphere = bound.sphere;
 		const geometry = this.geometry;
-		if ( bound.sphereInitialized === false ) {
-
-			sphere.makeEmpty();
+		const geometryInfo = this._geometryInfo[ geometryId ];
+		if ( geometryInfo.boundingSphere === null ) {
 
+			const sphere = new Sphere();
 			this.getBoundingBoxAt( geometryId, _box );
 			_box.getCenter( sphere.center );
 
 			const index = geometry.index;
 			const position = geometry.attributes.position;
-			const drawRange = this._drawRanges[ geometryId ];
 
 			let maxRadiusSq = 0;
-			for ( let i = drawRange.start, l = drawRange.start + drawRange.count; i < l; i ++ ) {
+			for ( let i = geometryInfo.start, l = geometryInfo.start + geometryInfo.count; i < l; i ++ ) {
 
 				let iv = i;
 				if ( index ) {
@@ -724,29 +1055,29 @@ class BatchedMesh extends Mesh {
 			}
 
 			sphere.radius = Math.sqrt( maxRadiusSq );
-			bound.sphereInitialized = true;
+			geometryInfo.boundingSphere = sphere;
 
 		}
 
-		target.copy( sphere );
+		target.copy( geometryInfo.boundingSphere );
 		return target;
 
 	}
 
+	/**
+	 * Sets the given local transformation matrix to the defined instance.
+	 * Negatively scaled matrices are not supported.
+	 *
+	 * @param {number} instanceId - The ID of an instance to set the matrix of.
+	 * @param {Matrix4} matrix - A 4x4 matrix representing the local transformation of a single instance.
+	 * @return {BatchedMesh} A reference to this batched mesh.
+	 */
 	setMatrixAt( instanceId, matrix ) {
 
-		// @TODO: Map geometryId to index of the arrays because
-		//        optimize() can make geometryId mismatch the index
+		this.validateInstanceId( instanceId );
 
-		const drawInfo = this._drawInfo;
 		const matricesTexture = this._matricesTexture;
 		const matricesArray = this._matricesTexture.image.data;
-		if ( instanceId >= drawInfo.length || drawInfo[ instanceId ].active === false ) {
-
-			return this;
-
-		}
-
 		matrix.toArray( matricesArray, instanceId * 16 );
 		matricesTexture.needsUpdate = true;
 
@@ -754,154 +1085,289 @@ class BatchedMesh extends Mesh {
 
 	}
 
+	/**
+	 * Returns the local transformation matrix of the defined instance.
+	 *
+	 * @param {number} instanceId - The ID of an instance to get the matrix of.
+	 * @param {Matrix4} matrix - The target object that is used to store the method's result.
+	 * @return {Matrix4} The instance's local transformation matrix.
+	 */
 	getMatrixAt( instanceId, matrix ) {
 
-		const drawInfo = this._drawInfo;
-		const matricesArray = this._matricesTexture.image.data;
-		if ( instanceId >= drawInfo.length || drawInfo[ instanceId ].active === false ) {
-
-			return null;
-
-		}
-
-		return matrix.fromArray( matricesArray, instanceId * 16 );
+		this.validateInstanceId( instanceId );
+		return matrix.fromArray( this._matricesTexture.image.data, instanceId * 16 );
 
 	}
 
+	/**
+	 * Sets the given color to the defined instance.
+	 *
+	 * @param {number} instanceId - The ID of an instance to set the color of.
+	 * @param {Color|Vector4} color - The color to set the instance to. Use a `Vector4` to also define alpha.
+	 * @return {BatchedMesh} A reference to this batched mesh.
+	 */
 	setColorAt( instanceId, color ) {
 
+		this.validateInstanceId( instanceId );
+
 		if ( this._colorsTexture === null ) {
 
 			this._initColorsTexture();
 
 		}
 
-		// @TODO: Map id to index of the arrays because
-		//        optimize() can make id mismatch the index
+		color.toArray( this._colorsTexture.image.data, instanceId * 4 );
+		this._colorsTexture.needsUpdate = true;
 
-		const colorsTexture = this._colorsTexture;
-		const colorsArray = this._colorsTexture.image.data;
-		const drawInfo = this._drawInfo;
-		if ( instanceId >= drawInfo.length || drawInfo[ instanceId ].active === false ) {
+		return this;
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns the color of the defined instance.
+	 *
+	 * @param {number} instanceId - The ID of an instance to get the color of.
+	 * @param {Color|Vector4} color - The target object that is used to store the method's result.
+	 * @return {Color|Vector4} The instance's color.  Use a `Vector4` to also retrieve alpha.
+	 */
+	getColorAt( instanceId, color ) {
+
+		this.validateInstanceId( instanceId );
+		return color.fromArray( this._colorsTexture.image.data, instanceId * 4 );
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Sets the visibility of the instance.
+	 *
+	 * @param {number} instanceId - The id of the instance to set the visibility of.
+	 * @param {boolean} visible - Whether the instance is visible or not.
+	 * @return {BatchedMesh} A reference to this batched mesh.
+	 */
+	setVisibleAt( instanceId, visible ) {
+
+		this.validateInstanceId( instanceId );
+
+		if ( this._instanceInfo[ instanceId ].visible === visible ) {
 
 			return this;
 
 		}
 
-		color.toArray( colorsArray, instanceId * 4 );
-		colorsTexture.needsUpdate = true;
+		this._instanceInfo[ instanceId ].visible = visible;
+		this._visibilityChanged = true;
 
 		return this;
 
 	}
 
-	getColorAt( instanceId, color ) {
+	/**
+	 * Returns the visibility state of the defined instance.
+	 *
+	 * @param {number} instanceId - The ID of an instance to get the visibility state of.
+	 * @return {boolean} Whether the instance is visible or not.
+	 */
+	getVisibleAt( instanceId ) {
 
-		const colorsArray = this._colorsTexture.image.data;
-		const drawInfo = this._drawInfo;
-		if ( instanceId >= drawInfo.length || drawInfo[ instanceId ].active === false ) {
+		this.validateInstanceId( instanceId );
 
-			return null;
+		return this._instanceInfo[ instanceId ].visible;
 
-		}
+	}
 
-		return color.fromArray( colorsArray, instanceId * 4 );
+	/**
+	 * Sets the geometry ID of the instance at the given index.
+	 *
+	 * @param {number} instanceId - The ID of the instance to set the geometry ID of.
+	 * @param {number} geometryId - The geometry ID to be use by the instance.
+	 * @return {BatchedMesh} A reference to this batched mesh.
+	 */
+	setGeometryIdAt( instanceId, geometryId ) {
 
-	}
+		this.validateInstanceId( instanceId );
+		this.validateGeometryId( geometryId );
 
-	setVisibleAt( instanceId, value ) {
+		this._instanceInfo[ instanceId ].geometryIndex = geometryId;
 
-		// if the geometry is out of range, not active, or visibility state
-		// does not change then return early
-		const drawInfo = this._drawInfo;
-		if (
-			instanceId >= drawInfo.length ||
-			drawInfo[ instanceId ].active === false ||
-			drawInfo[ instanceId ].visible === value
-		) {
+		return this;
 
-			return this;
+	}
 
-		}
+	/**
+	 * Returns the geometry ID of the defined instance.
+	 *
+	 * @param {number} instanceId - The ID of an instance to get the geometry ID of.
+	 * @return {number} The instance's geometry ID.
+	 */
+	getGeometryIdAt( instanceId ) {
 
-		drawInfo[ instanceId ].visible = value;
-		this._visibilityChanged = true;
+		this.validateInstanceId( instanceId );
 
-		return this;
+		return this._instanceInfo[ instanceId ].geometryIndex;
 
 	}
 
-	getVisibleAt( instanceId ) {
+	/**
+	 * Get the range representing the subset of triangles related to the attached geometry,
+	 * indicating the starting offset and count, or `null` if invalid.
+	 *
+	 * @param {number} geometryId - The id of the geometry to get the range of.
+	 * @param {Object} [target] - The target object that is used to store the method's result.
+	 * @return {{
+	 * 	vertexStart:number,vertexCount:number,reservedVertexCount:number,
+	 * 	indexStart:number,indexCount:number,reservedIndexCount:number,
+	 * 	start:number,count:number
+	 * }} The result object with range data.
+	 */
+	getGeometryRangeAt( geometryId, target = {} ) {
 
-		// return early if the geometry is out of range or not active
-		const drawInfo = this._drawInfo;
-		if ( instanceId >= drawInfo.length || drawInfo[ instanceId ].active === false ) {
+		this.validateGeometryId( geometryId );
 
-			return false;
+		const geometryInfo = this._geometryInfo[ geometryId ];
+		target.vertexStart = geometryInfo.vertexStart;
+		target.vertexCount = geometryInfo.vertexCount;
+		target.reservedVertexCount = geometryInfo.reservedVertexCount;
 
-		}
+		target.indexStart = geometryInfo.indexStart;
+		target.indexCount = geometryInfo.indexCount;
+		target.reservedIndexCount = geometryInfo.reservedIndexCount;
 
-		return drawInfo[ instanceId ].visible;
+		target.start = geometryInfo.start;
+		target.count = geometryInfo.count;
+
+		return target;
 
 	}
 
-	setGeometryIdAt( instanceId, geometryId ) {
+	/**
+	 * Resizes the necessary buffers to support the provided number of instances.
+	 * If the provided arguments shrink the number of instances but there are not enough
+	 * unused Ids at the end of the list then an error is thrown.
+	 *
+	 * @param {number} maxInstanceCount - The max number of individual instances that can be added and rendered by the batch.
+	*/
+	setInstanceCount( maxInstanceCount ) {
 
-		// return early if the geometry is out of range or not active
-		const drawInfo = this._drawInfo;
-		if ( instanceId >= drawInfo.length || drawInfo[ instanceId ].active === false ) {
+		// shrink the available instances as much as possible
+		const availableInstanceIds = this._availableInstanceIds;
+		const instanceInfo = this._instanceInfo;
+		availableInstanceIds.sort( ascIdSort );
+		while ( availableInstanceIds[ availableInstanceIds.length - 1 ] === instanceInfo.length - 1 ) {
 
-			return null;
+			instanceInfo.pop();
+			availableInstanceIds.pop();
 
 		}
 
-		// check if the provided geometryId is within the valid range
-		if ( geometryId < 0 || geometryId >= this._geometryCount ) {
+		// throw an error if it can't be shrunk to the desired size
+		if ( maxInstanceCount < instanceInfo.length ) {
 
-			return null;
+			throw new Error( `BatchedMesh: Instance ids outside the range ${ maxInstanceCount } are being used. Cannot shrink instance count.` );
 
 		}
 
-		drawInfo[ instanceId ].geometryIndex = geometryId;
+		// copy the multi draw counts
+		const multiDrawCounts = new Int32Array( maxInstanceCount );
+		const multiDrawStarts = new Int32Array( maxInstanceCount );
+		copyArrayContents( this._multiDrawCounts, multiDrawCounts );
+		copyArrayContents( this._multiDrawStarts, multiDrawStarts );
 
-		return this;
+		this._multiDrawCounts = multiDrawCounts;
+		this._multiDrawStarts = multiDrawStarts;
+		this._maxInstanceCount = maxInstanceCount;
+
+		// update texture data for instance sampling
+		const indirectTexture = this._indirectTexture;
+		const matricesTexture = this._matricesTexture;
+		const colorsTexture = this._colorsTexture;
+
+		indirectTexture.dispose();
+		this._initIndirectTexture();
+		copyArrayContents( indirectTexture.image.data, this._indirectTexture.image.data );
+
+		matricesTexture.dispose();
+		this._initMatricesTexture();
+		copyArrayContents( matricesTexture.image.data, this._matricesTexture.image.data );
+
+		if ( colorsTexture ) {
+
+			colorsTexture.dispose();
+			this._initColorsTexture();
+			copyArrayContents( colorsTexture.image.data, this._colorsTexture.image.data );
+
+		}
 
 	}
 
-	getGeometryIdAt( instanceId ) {
+	/**
+	 * Resizes the available space in the batch's vertex and index buffer attributes to the provided sizes.
+	 * If the provided arguments shrink the geometry buffers but there is not enough unused space at the
+	 * end of the geometry attributes then an error is thrown.
+	 *
+	 * @param {number} maxVertexCount - The maximum number of vertices to be used by all unique geometries to resize to.
+	 * @param {number} maxIndexCount - The maximum number of indices to be used by all unique geometries to resize to.
+	*/
+	setGeometrySize( maxVertexCount, maxIndexCount ) {
 
-		const drawInfo = this._drawInfo;
-		if ( instanceId >= drawInfo.length || drawInfo[ instanceId ].active === false ) {
+		// Check if we can shrink to the requested vertex attribute size
+		const validRanges = [ ...this._geometryInfo ].filter( info => info.active );
+		const requiredVertexLength = Math.max( ...validRanges.map( range => range.vertexStart + range.reservedVertexCount ) );
+		if ( requiredVertexLength > maxVertexCount ) {
 
-			return - 1;
+			throw new Error( `BatchedMesh: Geometry vertex values are being used outside the range ${ maxIndexCount }. Cannot shrink further.` );
 
 		}
 
-		return drawInfo[ instanceId ].geometryIndex;
+		// Check if we can shrink to the requested index attribute size
+		if ( this.geometry.index ) {
 
-	}
+			const requiredIndexLength = Math.max( ...validRanges.map( range => range.indexStart + range.reservedIndexCount ) );
+			if ( requiredIndexLength > maxIndexCount ) {
 
-	getGeometryRangeAt( geometryId, target = {} ) {
+				throw new Error( `BatchedMesh: Geometry index values are being used outside the range ${ maxIndexCount }. Cannot shrink further.` );
 
-		if ( geometryId < 0 || geometryId >= this._geometryCount ) {
+			}
 
-			return null;
+		}
+
+		//
+
+		// dispose of the previous geometry
+		const oldGeometry = this.geometry;
+		oldGeometry.dispose();
+
+		// recreate the geometry needed based on the previous variant
+		this._maxVertexCount = maxVertexCount;
+		this._maxIndexCount = maxIndexCount;
+
+		if ( this._geometryInitialized ) {
+
+			this._geometryInitialized = false;
+			this.geometry = new BufferGeometry();
+			this._initializeGeometry( oldGeometry );
 
 		}
 
-		const drawRange = this._drawRanges[ geometryId ];
+		// copy data from the previous geometry
+		const geometry = this.geometry;
+		if ( oldGeometry.index ) {
 
-		target.start = drawRange.start;
-		target.count = drawRange.count;
+			copyArrayContents( oldGeometry.index.array, geometry.index.array );
 
-		return target;
+		}
+
+		for ( const key in oldGeometry.attributes ) {
+
+			copyArrayContents( oldGeometry.attributes[ key ].array, geometry.attributes[ key ].array );
+
+		}
 
 	}
 
 	raycast( raycaster, intersects ) {
 
-		const drawInfo = this._drawInfo;
-		const drawRanges = this._drawRanges;
+		const instanceInfo = this._instanceInfo;
+		const geometryInfoList = this._geometryInfo;
 		const matrixWorld = this.matrixWorld;
 		const batchGeometry = this.geometry;
 
@@ -921,19 +1387,19 @@ class BatchedMesh extends Mesh {
 
 		}
 
-		for ( let i = 0, l = drawInfo.length; i < l; i ++ ) {
+		for ( let i = 0, l = instanceInfo.length; i < l; i ++ ) {
 
-			if ( ! drawInfo[ i ].visible || ! drawInfo[ i ].active ) {
+			if ( ! instanceInfo[ i ].visible || ! instanceInfo[ i ].active ) {
 
 				continue;
 
 			}
 
-			const geometryId = drawInfo[ i ].geometryIndex;
-			const drawRange = drawRanges[ geometryId ];
-			_mesh.geometry.setDrawRange( drawRange.start, drawRange.count );
+			const geometryId = instanceInfo[ i ].geometryIndex;
+			const geometryInfo = geometryInfoList[ geometryId ];
+			_mesh.geometry.setDrawRange( geometryInfo.start, geometryInfo.count );
 
-			// ge the intersects
+			// get the intersects
 			this.getMatrixAt( i, _mesh.matrixWorld ).premultiply( matrixWorld );
 			this.getBoundingBoxAt( geometryId, _mesh.geometry.boundingBox );
 			this.getBoundingSphereAt( geometryId, _mesh.geometry.boundingSphere );
@@ -970,27 +1436,32 @@ class BatchedMesh extends Mesh {
 		this.boundingBox = source.boundingBox !== null ? source.boundingBox.clone() : null;
 		this.boundingSphere = source.boundingSphere !== null ? source.boundingSphere.clone() : null;
 
-		this._drawRanges = source._drawRanges.map( range => ( { ...range } ) );
-		this._reservedRanges = source._reservedRanges.map( range => ( { ...range } ) );
+		this._geometryInfo = source._geometryInfo.map( info => ( {
+			...info,
 
-		this._drawInfo = source._drawInfo.map( inf => ( { ...inf } ) );
-		this._bounds = source._bounds.map( bound => ( {
-			boxInitialized: bound.boxInitialized,
-			box: bound.box.clone(),
-
-			sphereInitialized: bound.sphereInitialized,
-			sphere: bound.sphere.clone()
+			boundingBox: info.boundingBox !== null ? info.boundingBox.clone() : null,
+			boundingSphere: info.boundingSphere !== null ? info.boundingSphere.clone() : null,
 		} ) );
+		this._instanceInfo = source._instanceInfo.map( info => ( { ...info } ) );
+
+		this._availableInstanceIds = source._availableInstanceIds.slice();
+		this._availableGeometryIds = source._availableGeometryIds.slice();
+
+		this._nextIndexStart = source._nextIndexStart;
+		this._nextVertexStart = source._nextVertexStart;
+		this._geometryCount = source._geometryCount;
 
 		this._maxInstanceCount = source._maxInstanceCount;
 		this._maxVertexCount = source._maxVertexCount;
 		this._maxIndexCount = source._maxIndexCount;
 
 		this._geometryInitialized = source._geometryInitialized;
-		this._geometryCount = source._geometryCount;
 		this._multiDrawCounts = source._multiDrawCounts.slice();
 		this._multiDrawStarts = source._multiDrawStarts.slice();
 
+		this._indirectTexture = source._indirectTexture.clone();
+		this._indirectTexture.image.data = this._indirectTexture.image.data.slice();
+
 		this._matricesTexture = source._matricesTexture.clone();
 		this._matricesTexture.image.data = this._matricesTexture.image.data.slice();
 
@@ -1005,6 +1476,10 @@ class BatchedMesh extends Mesh {
 
 	}
 
+	/**
+	 * Frees the GPU-related resources allocated by this instance. Call this
+	 * method whenever this instance is no longer used in your app.
+	 */
 	dispose() {
 
 		// Assuming the geometry is not shared with other meshes
@@ -1023,8 +1498,6 @@ class BatchedMesh extends Mesh {
 
 		}
 
-		return this;
-
 	}
 
 	onBeforeRender( renderer, scene, camera, geometry, material/*, _group*/ ) {
@@ -1040,42 +1513,57 @@ class BatchedMesh extends Mesh {
 		// the indexed version of the multi draw function requires specifying the start
 		// offset in bytes.
 		const index = geometry.getIndex();
-		const bytesPerElement = index === null ? 1 : index.array.BYTES_PER_ELEMENT;
+		let bytesPerElement = index === null ? 1 : index.array.BYTES_PER_ELEMENT;
+
+
+		// the "wireframe" attribute implicitly creates a line attribute in the renderer, which is double
+		// the vertices to draw (3 lines per triangle) so we multiply the draw counts / starts and make
+		// assumptions about the index buffer byte size.
+		let multiDrawMultiplier = 1;
+		if ( material.wireframe ) {
 
-		const drawInfo = this._drawInfo;
+			multiDrawMultiplier = 2;
+			bytesPerElement = geometry.attributes.position.count > 65535 ? 4 : 2;
+
+		}
+
+		const instanceInfo = this._instanceInfo;
 		const multiDrawStarts = this._multiDrawStarts;
 		const multiDrawCounts = this._multiDrawCounts;
-		const drawRanges = this._drawRanges;
+		const geometryInfoList = this._geometryInfo;
 		const perObjectFrustumCulled = this.perObjectFrustumCulled;
 		const indirectTexture = this._indirectTexture;
 		const indirectArray = indirectTexture.image.data;
 
+		const frustum = camera.isArrayCamera ? _frustumArray : _frustum;
 		// prepare the frustum in the local frame
-		if ( perObjectFrustumCulled ) {
+		if ( perObjectFrustumCulled && ! camera.isArrayCamera ) {
 
-			_projScreenMatrix
+			_matrix
 				.multiplyMatrices( camera.projectionMatrix, camera.matrixWorldInverse )
 				.multiply( this.matrixWorld );
+
 			_frustum.setFromProjectionMatrix(
-				_projScreenMatrix,
-				renderer.coordinateSystem
+				_matrix,
+				camera.coordinateSystem,
+				camera.reversedDepth
 			);
 
 		}
 
-		let count = 0;
+		let multiDrawCount = 0;
 		if ( this.sortObjects ) {
 
 			// get the camera position in the local frame
-			_invMatrixWorld.copy( this.matrixWorld ).invert();
-			_vector.setFromMatrixPosition( camera.matrixWorld ).applyMatrix4( _invMatrixWorld );
-			_forward.set( 0, 0, - 1 ).transformDirection( camera.matrixWorld ).transformDirection( _invMatrixWorld );
+			_matrix.copy( this.matrixWorld ).invert();
+			_vector.setFromMatrixPosition( camera.matrixWorld ).applyMatrix4( _matrix );
+			_forward.set( 0, 0, - 1 ).transformDirection( camera.matrixWorld ).transformDirection( _matrix );
 
-			for ( let i = 0, l = drawInfo.length; i < l; i ++ ) {
+			for ( let i = 0, l = instanceInfo.length; i < l; i ++ ) {
 
-				if ( drawInfo[ i ].visible && drawInfo[ i ].active ) {
+				if ( instanceInfo[ i ].visible && instanceInfo[ i ].active ) {
 
-					const geometryId = drawInfo[ i ].geometryIndex;
+					const geometryId = instanceInfo[ i ].geometryIndex;
 
 					// get the bounds in world space
 					this.getMatrixAt( i, _matrix );
@@ -1085,15 +1573,16 @@ class BatchedMesh extends Mesh {
 					let culled = false;
 					if ( perObjectFrustumCulled ) {
 
-						culled = ! _frustum.intersectsSphere( _sphere );
+						culled = ! frustum.intersectsSphere( _sphere, camera );
 
 					}
 
 					if ( ! culled ) {
 
 						// get the distance from camera used for sorting
+						const geometryInfo = geometryInfoList[ geometryId ];
 						const z = _temp.subVectors( _sphere.center, _vector ).dot( _forward );
-						_renderList.push( drawRanges[ geometryId ], z, i );
+						_renderList.push( geometryInfo.start, geometryInfo.count, z, i );
 
 					}
 
@@ -1117,10 +1606,10 @@ class BatchedMesh extends Mesh {
 			for ( let i = 0, l = list.length; i < l; i ++ ) {
 
 				const item = list[ i ];
-				multiDrawStarts[ count ] = item.start * bytesPerElement;
-				multiDrawCounts[ count ] = item.count;
-				indirectArray[ count ] = item.index;
-				count ++;
+				multiDrawStarts[ multiDrawCount ] = item.start * bytesPerElement * multiDrawMultiplier;
+				multiDrawCounts[ multiDrawCount ] = item.count * multiDrawMultiplier;
+				indirectArray[ multiDrawCount ] = item.index;
+				multiDrawCount ++;
 
 			}
 
@@ -1128,11 +1617,11 @@ class BatchedMesh extends Mesh {
 
 		} else {
 
-			for ( let i = 0, l = drawInfo.length; i < l; i ++ ) {
+			for ( let i = 0, l = instanceInfo.length; i < l; i ++ ) {
 
-				if ( drawInfo[ i ].visible && drawInfo[ i ].active ) {
+				if ( instanceInfo[ i ].visible && instanceInfo[ i ].active ) {
 
-					const geometryId = drawInfo[ i ].geometryIndex;
+					const geometryId = instanceInfo[ i ].geometryIndex;
 
 					// determine whether the batched geometry is within the frustum
 					let culled = false;
@@ -1141,17 +1630,17 @@ class BatchedMesh extends Mesh {
 						// get the bounds in world space
 						this.getMatrixAt( i, _matrix );
 						this.getBoundingSphereAt( geometryId, _sphere ).applyMatrix4( _matrix );
-						culled = ! _frustum.intersectsSphere( _sphere );
+						culled = ! frustum.intersectsSphere( _sphere, camera );
 
 					}
 
 					if ( ! culled ) {
 
-						const range = drawRanges[ geometryId ];
-						multiDrawStarts[ count ] = range.start * bytesPerElement;
-						multiDrawCounts[ count ] = range.count;
-						indirectArray[ count ] = i;
-						count ++;
+						const geometryInfo = geometryInfoList[ geometryId ];
+						multiDrawStarts[ multiDrawCount ] = geometryInfo.start * bytesPerElement * multiDrawMultiplier;
+						multiDrawCounts[ multiDrawCount ] = geometryInfo.count * multiDrawMultiplier;
+						indirectArray[ multiDrawCount ] = i;
+						multiDrawCount ++;
 
 					}
 
@@ -1162,7 +1651,7 @@ class BatchedMesh extends Mesh {
 		}
 
 		indirectTexture.needsUpdate = true;
-		this._multiDrawCount = count;
+		this._multiDrawCount = multiDrawCount;
 		this._visibilityChanged = false;
 
 	}