interscript-maps 2.0.5

data/maps/bgnpcgn-arm-Armn-Latn-1981.imp

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+metadata {
+  authority_id: bgnpcgn
+  id: 1981
+  language: iso-639-2:arm
+  source_script: Armn
+  destination_script: Latn
+  name: BGN/PCGN 1981 System
+  url: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/810208/ROMANIZATION_OF_ARMENIAN.pdf
+  creation_date: 2013
+  confirmation_date: 2019-06
+  description: |
+    The BGN/PCGN system for Armenian was designed for use in romanizing
+    names written in the Armenian alphabet. The Roman letters and letter
+    combinations shown as equivalents to the Armenian characters reflect
+    the eastern variety of Armenian, i.e. the language spoken in the
+    Republic of Armenia.
+
+  notes:
+    - The character ե should be romanized ye initially and after the vowel characters ա, ե, է, ը, ի, ո, ու and օ. In all other instances, it should be romanized e.
+    - The character ո should be romanized vo initially except in the word ով, which should be roman- ized ov. In all other instances, it should be romanized o.
+    - In Soviet-era sources this upper-case digraph character is found as Եի (Unicode encoding 0535+056B).
+    - This lower-case character may be seen either in digraph form as եւ (Unicode encoding 0565+0582) or in single character form as եւ (Unicode encoding 0587).
+    - The characters ԵՎ , եւ and եւ should be romanized yev initially, in isolation, and after the vowel characters ա, ե, է, ը, ի, ո, ու, and օ. In all other instances these characters should be romanized ev.
+    - All apostrophes appearing in Armenian romanization are encoded Unicode 2019.
+    - The Romanization column shows only lowercase forms but, when romanizing, uppercase and lowercase Roman letters as appropriate should be used.
+}
+
+tests {
+}
+
+# This map has been partially converted by the bin/maps_v1_to_v2 script
+# The section below requires human attention. Remember to remove this
+# comment and move the converted map to 'maps/' directory. Please also
+# take note that the maps-staging directory will be cleaned up whenever
+# you run the bin/maps_v1_to_v2 script. You should particularly be
+# concerned about any regular expressions found in this file and about
+# advanced expressions in parallel {} parts, and also about the order
+# of particular parts of the stage.
+
+stage {
+
+  # CHARACTERS
+  parallel {
+    sub "\u0531", "A"
+    sub "\u0532", "B"
+    sub "\u0533", "G"
+    sub "\u0534", "D"
+    sub "\u0535", "Ye" #treated same as Russian 'ye'
+    sub "\u0536", "Z"
+    sub "\u0537", "E"
+    sub "\u0538", "Y"
+    sub "\u0539", "T\u2019"
+    sub "\u053a", "Zh"
+    sub "\u053b", "I"
+    sub "\u053c", "L"
+    sub "\u053d", "Kh"
+    sub "\u053e", "Ts"
+    sub "\u053f", "K"
+    sub "\u0540", "H"
+    sub "\u0541", "Dz"
+    sub "\u0542", "Gh"
+    sub "\u0543", "Ch"
+    sub "\u0544", "M"
+    sub "\u0545", "Y"
+    sub "\u0546", "N"
+    sub "\u0547", "Sh"
+    sub "\u0548", "O" # VO initially and U when in combination with \u0552
+    sub "\u0549", "u'Ch\u2019'"
+    sub "\u054a", "P"
+    sub "\u054b", "J"
+    sub "\u054c", "Rr"
+    sub "\u054d", "S"
+    sub "\u054e", "V"
+    sub "\u054f", "T"
+    sub "\u0550", "R"
+    sub "\u0551", "Ts\u2019"
+    sub "\u0548\u0552", "U"
+    sub "\u0548\u0582", "U"
+    sub "\u0553", "P\u2019"
+    sub "\u0554", "K\u2019"
+    sub "\u0555", "O"
+    sub "\u0556", "F"
+    sub "\u0561", "a"
+    sub "\u0562", "b"
+    sub "\u0563", "g"
+    sub "\u0564", "d"
+    sub "\u0565", "e" # ye initially
+    sub "\u0566", "z"
+    sub "\u0567", "e"
+    sub "\u0568", "y"
+    sub "\u0569", "u't\u2019'"
+    sub "\u056a", "zh"
+    sub "\u056b", "i"
+    sub "\u056c", "l"
+    sub "\u056d", "kh"
+    sub "\u056e", "ts"
+    sub "\u056f", "k"
+    sub "\u0570", "h"
+    sub "\u0571", "dz"
+    sub "\u0572", "gh"
+    sub "\u0573", "ch"
+    sub "\u0574", "m"
+    sub "\u0575", "y"
+    sub "\u0576", "n"
+    sub "\u0577", "sh"
+    sub "\u0578", "o" # vo initially and u when in combination with \u0582
+    sub "\u0579", "ch\u2019"
+    sub "\u057a", "p"
+    sub "\u057b", "j"
+    sub "\u057c", "rr"
+    sub "\u057d", "s"
+    sub "\u057e", "v"
+    sub "\u057f", "t"
+    sub "\u0580", "r"
+    sub "\u0581", "ts\u2019"
+    sub "\u0578\u0582", "u"
+    sub "\u0583", "p\u2019"
+    sub "\u0584", "k\u2019"
+    sub "\u0585", "o"
+    sub "\u0586", "f"
+    sub "\u0587", "ev" # yev initially
+  }
+
+}
+

data/maps/bgnpcgn-aze-Cyrl-Latn-1993.imp

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+metadata {
+  authority_id: bgnpcgn
+  id: 1993
+  language: iso-639-2:aze
+  source_script: Cyrl
+  destination_script: Latn
+  name: AZERBAIJANI TABLE OF CORRESPONDENCES CYRILLIC-ROMAN -- BGN/PCGN 1993 Agreement
+  url: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/816656/TABLE_OF_CORRESPONDENCES_FOR_AZERBAIJANI.pdf
+  creation_date: 1993
+  confirmation_date: 2019-06
+  description: |
+      Azerbaijani, also known as Azeri, is the official language of the Republic of Azerbaijan. In 1991, the Azerbaijani government adopted the Roman alphabet to replace the existing Cyrillic alphabet. The presentation below provides a table of correspondences between the former Cyrillic alphabet and the current Roman alphabet. When Azerbaijani Roman-alphabet spellings are not available, this table can be used to convert Azerbaijani Cyrillic spellings.
+
+  notes:
+
+    - The special letter Ə, ə known as schwa, should be reproduced in that form whenever encountered. The characters Ə (Unicode 04D8) and ə (Unicode 04D9) should be used for schwa when writing in the Cyrillic script, but characters Ə (Unicode 018F) and ə (Unicode 0259) should be used when writing in the Roman alphabet. In those instances when it cannot be reproduced, however, the letter Ä ä may be substituted for it (see below).
+
+    - The obsolete characters й, э, ю, and я should be romanized ẏ, ė, yu., and ya.
+
+    - Unicode values are shown with the uppercase Cyrillic character first, followed by the lowercase character. It is not known whether there exists an uppercase ‘J’ specific to the Cyrillic character set.
+
+    - |
+      An inventory of letter-diacritic combinations, with their Unicode encoding, in addition to the unmodified letters of the basic Roman script is:
+      Ğ (U+011E), ğ (U+011F)
+      Ə (U+018F), ə (U+0259)
+      İ (U+0130), ı (U+0131)
+      Ö (U+00D6), ö (U+00F6)
+      Ü (U+00DC), ü (U+00FC)
+      Ç (U+00C7), ç (U+00E7)
+      Ş (U+015E), ş (U+015F)
+
+    - The Roman-script columns show only lowercase forms but, when applying the table, uppercase and lowercase Roman letters as appropriate should be used.
+}
+
+tests {
+  test "Азәрбајҹан әлифбасы", "Azərbaycan əlifbası"
+  test "Бүтүн инсанлар ләјагәт вә һүгугларына ҝөрә азад бәрабәр доғулурлар.\nОнларын шүурлары вә виҹданлары вар вә бир-бирләринә мүнасибәтдә гардашлыг руһунда давранмалыдырлар.", "Bütün insanlar ləyaqət və hüquqlarına görə azad bərabər doğulurlar.\nOnların şüurları və vicdanları var və bir-birlərinə münasibətdə qardaşlıq ruhunda davranmalıdırlar."
+}
+
+stage {
+
+  # CHARACTERS
+  parallel {
+    sub "А", "A" # А
+    sub "Б", "B" # Б
+    sub "В", "V" # В
+    sub "Г", "Q" # Г
+    sub "Ғ", "Ğ" # Ғ
+    sub "Д", "D" # Д
+    sub "Е", "E" # Е
+    sub "Ә", "Ə" # Ә
+    sub "Ж", "J" # Ж
+    sub "З", "Z" # З
+    sub "И", "İ" # И
+    sub "Ы", "I" # Ы
+    sub "Ј", "Y" # Ј
+    sub "К", "K" # К
+    sub "Ҝ", "G" # Ҝ
+    sub "Л", "L" # Л
+    sub "М", "M" # М
+    sub "Н", "N" # Н
+    sub "О", "O" # О
+    sub "Ө", "Ö" # Ө
+    sub "П", "P" # П
+    sub "Р", "R" # Р
+    sub "С", "S" # С
+    sub "Т", "T" # Т
+    sub "У", "U" # У
+    sub "Ү", "Ü" # Ү
+    sub "Ф", "F" # Ф
+    sub "Х", "X" # Х
+    sub "Һ", "H" # Һ
+    sub "Ч", "Ç" # Ч
+    sub "Ҹ", "C" # Ҹ
+    sub "Ш", "Ş" # Ш
+
+    sub "а", "a" # а
+    sub "б", "b" # б
+    sub "в", "v" # в
+    sub "г", "q" # г
+    sub "ғ", "ğ" # ғ
+    sub "д", "d" # д
+    sub "е", "e" # е
+    sub "ә", "ə" # ә
+    sub "ж", "j" # ж
+    sub "з", "z" # з
+    sub "и", "i" # и
+    sub "ы", "ı" # ы
+    sub "ј", "y" # ј
+    sub "к", "k" # к
+    sub "ҝ", "g" # ҝ
+    sub "л", "l" # л
+    sub "м", "m" # м
+    sub "н", "n" # н
+    sub "о", "o" # о
+    sub "ө", "ö" # ө
+    sub "п", "p" # п
+    sub "р", "r" # р
+    sub "с", "s" # с
+    sub "т", "t" # т
+    sub "у", "u" # у
+    sub "ү", "ü" # ү
+    sub "ф", "f" # ф
+    sub "х", "x" # х
+    sub "һ", "h" # һ
+    sub "ч", "ç" # ч
+    sub "ҹ", "c" # ҹ
+    sub "ш", "ş" # ш
+  }
+
+}

data/maps/bgnpcgn-bak-Cyrl-Latn-2007.imp

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+metadata {
+  authority_id: bgnpcgn
+  id: 2007
+  language: iso-639-2:rus
+  source_script: Cyrl
+  destination_script: Latn
+  name: BASHKIR TABLE OF CORRESPONDENCES CYRILLIC-ROMAN BGN/PCGN 2007 Agreement
+  url: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/829203/TABLE_OF_CORRESPONDENCES__FOR_BASHKIR.pdf
+  creation_date: 2007
+  confirmation_date: 2019
+  description: |
+    Bashkir is an official language within Respublika Bashkortostan, one of the
+    republics of the Russian Federation. It will normally be encountered in Cyrillic script, in
+    which case it should be romanized by means of the Cyrillic-Roman table of
+    correspondences given below
+
+  notes:
+    - The letter w is used word initially and before a vowel. # 'and' or 'or' ?
+    - The letter sequence ye is used word initially and before a vowel. # 'and' or 'or' ?
+    - The letter w is used between or after vowels.
+    - The letter w is used after e, u, ö and ə.
+    - |
+      An inventory of letter-diacritic combinations, with their Unicode encoding,
+      in addition to the unmodified letters of the basic Roman script is:
+        Ğ (U+011E) ğ (U+011F)
+        Ź (U+0179) ź (U+017A)
+        Ë (U+00CB) ë (U+00EB)
+        Ñ (U+00D1) ñ (U+00F1)
+        Ö (U+00D6) ö (U+00F6)
+        Ś (U+015A) ś (U+015B)
+        Ü (U+00DC) ü (U+00FC)
+        Ç (U+00C7) ç (U+00E7)
+        Ş (U+015E) ş (U+015F)
+        Ə (U+018F) ə (U+0259)
+    - |
+      The Roman-script columns show only lowercase forms but, when applying the table,
+      uppercase and lowercase Roman letters as appropriate should be used.
+}
+
+tests {
+  # adopted http://www.eki.ee/knab/lat/kblba.pdf
+  test "Васйылға", "Wasyılğa"
+  test "Еҙем", "Yeźem"
+  test "Раевка", "Raevka"
+  test "Сәйетҡол", "Səyetqol"
+  test "Ауырғазы", "Awırğazı"
+  test "Бурһыҡтау", "Burhıqtaw"
+  test "Мәләүез", "Mələwez"
+  test "Ҡыҙылъяр", "Qıźılyar"
+  # adopted https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bashkir_language#Grammar
+  test "кемдең", "kemdeñ"
+  test "кем", "kem"
+  test "был", "bıl"
+  test "ошо", "oşo"
+  test "быларҙың", "bılarźıñ"
+  test "һеҙҙән", "heźźən"
+  test "һин", "hin"
+  test "һеҙҙең", "heźźeñ"
+}
+
+stage {
+
+  # RULES
+  # note[1]
+  sub boundary + "\u0412", "W", after: any("АаЕеЁёИиОоӨөУуҮЫыЭэӘәЮюЯя")
+  sub boundary + "\u0432", "w", after: any("АаЕеЁёИиОоӨөУуҮЫыЭэӘәЮюЯя")
+  # note[2]
+  sub boundary + "\u0415", "Ye"
+  sub boundary + "\u0435", "ye"
+  sub "\u0415", "Ye", before: any("АаЕеЁёИиОоӨөУуҮЫыЭэӘәЮюЯя"), after: boundary
+  sub "\u0435", "ye", before: any("АаЕеЁёИиОоӨөУуҮЫыЭэӘәЮюЯя"), after: boundary
+
+  # note[3] # note[4]
+  sub any("\u0423\u04AE"), "W", before: any("АаЕеЁёИиОоӨөУуҮЫыЭэӘәЮюЯя")
+  sub any("\u0443\u04AF"), "w", before: any("АаЕеЁёИиОоӨөУуҮЫыЭэӘәЮюЯя")
+
+
+
+  # CHARACTERS
+  parallel {
+    sub "\u0410", "A" # А
+    sub "\u0411", "B" # Б note[1]
+    sub "\u0412", "V" # В
+    sub "\u0413", "G" # Г
+    sub "\u0492", "Ğ" # Ғ
+    sub "\u0414", "D" # Д
+    sub "\u0498", "Ź" # Ҙ
+    sub "\u0415", "E" # Е note[2]
+    sub "\u0401", "Ë" # Ё
+    sub "\u0416", "J" # Ж
+    sub "\u0417", "Z" # З
+    sub "\u0418", "I" # И
+    sub "\u0419", "Y" # Й
+    sub "\u041A", "K" # К
+    sub "\u04A0", "Q" # Ҡ
+    sub "\u041B", "L" # Л
+    sub "\u041C", "M" # М
+    sub "\u041D", "N" # Н
+    sub "\u04A2", "Ñ" # Ң
+    sub "\u041E", "O" # О
+    sub "\u04E8", "Ö" # Ө
+    sub "\u041F", "P" # П
+    sub "\u0420", "R" # Р
+    sub "\u0421", "S" # С
+    sub "\u04AA", "Ś" # Ҫ
+    sub "\u0422", "T" # Т
+    sub "\u0423", "U" # У
+    sub "\u04AE", "Ü" # Ү note[3]
+    sub "\u0424", "F" # Ф
+    sub "\u0425", "X" # Х
+    sub "\u04BA", "H" # Һ
+    sub "\u0426", "Ts" # Ц
+    sub "\u0427", "Ç" # Ч
+    sub "\u0428", "Ş" # Ш
+    sub "\u0429", "ŞÇ" # Щ
+    sub "\u042A", "" # Ъ
+    sub "\u042B", "I" # Ы
+    sub "\u042C", "" # Ь
+    sub "\u042D", "E" # Э
+    sub "\u04D8", "Ə" # Ә
+    sub "\u042E", "Yu" # Ю
+    sub "\u042F", "Ya" # Я
+
+    sub "\u0430", "a" # а
+    sub "\u0431", "b" # б
+    sub "\u0432", "v" # в note[1]
+    sub "\u0433", "g" # г
+    sub "\u0493", "ğ" # ғ
+    sub "\u0434", "d" # д
+    sub "\u0499", "ź" # ҙ
+    sub "\u0435", "e" # e note[2]
+    sub "\u0451", "yo" # ё
+    sub "\u0436", "j" # ж
+    sub "\u0437", "z" # з
+    sub "\u0438", "i" # и
+    sub "\u0439", "y" # й
+    sub "\u043A", "k" # к
+    sub "\u04A1", "q" # ҡ
+    sub "\u043B", "l" # л
+    sub "\u043C", "m" # м
+    sub "\u043D", "n" # н
+    sub "\u04A3", "ñ" # ң
+    sub "\u043E", "o" # о
+    sub "\u04E9", "ö" # ө
+    sub "\u043F", "p" # п
+    sub "\u0440", "r" # р
+    sub "\u0441", "s" # с
+    sub "\u04AB", "ś" # ҫ
+    sub "\u0442", "t" # т
+    sub "\u0443", "u" # у
+    sub "ү", "ü" # ү note[3]
+    sub "\u0444", "f" # ф
+    sub "\u0445", "x" # х
+    sub "\u04BB", "h" # һ
+    sub "\u0446", "ts" # ц
+    sub "\u0447", "ç" # ч
+    sub "\u0448", "ş" # ш
+    sub "\u0449", "şç" # щ
+    sub "\u044A", "" # ъ
+    sub "\u044B", "ı" # ы
+    sub "\u044C", "" # ь
+    sub "\u044D", "e" # э
+    sub "\u04D9", "ə" # ә
+    sub "\u044E", "yu" # ю
+    sub "\u044F", "ya" # я
+  }
+
+}
+

data/maps/bgnpcgn-bal-Arab-Latn-2008.imp

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+metadata {
+  authority_id: bgnpcgn
+  id: 2008
+  language: bal
+  source_script: Arab
+  destination_script: Latn
+  name: ROMANIZATION OF BALUCHI -- BGN/PCGN 2008 System
+  url: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/693687/ROMANIZATION_OF_BALUCHI.pdf
+  creation_date: 2008
+  confirmation_date: 2017-11
+  description: |
+    The following is the BGN/PCGN-approved romanization
+    system for deriving standard spellings of Baluchi
+    geographic names. The romanization system is based on
+    the Hunterian system of romanization, which has been
+    used by the Surveys of India and Pakistan for
+    romanizing Baluchi geographic names for more than one
+    hundred years. The romanization system is compatible
+    with all dialects of Baluchi, including Eastern
+    Baluchi, Western Baluchi, and Southern Baluchi.
+
+    The BGN/PCGN system laid out below includes diacritical
+    marks in order that the original script can be derived
+    from the romanized form (i.e. it is reversible). For
+    desk users requiring a diacritic-free form, these
+    diacritics can simply be removed. In almost every case
+    the same basic Roman-script characters are kept as are
+    used in the Hunterian system. The BGN/PCGN forms have
+    further been designed to harmonize with the BGN/PCGN
+    Urdu romanization system. In rigorous romanization
+    (i.e. including diacritics), retroflexion is marked by
+    a sub-dot, and aspiration is marked by an apostrophe,
+    where confusion with fricative digraphs could arise.
+    For letters used only in Arabic loan words, the
+    rigorous forms have further been designed to harmonize
+    with the BGN/PCGN Persian romanization system.
+
+  notes:
+    - Occasionally, sequences of /z/ or /s/ plus /h/ may be
+      encountered, i.e. z·h, s·h. These may be romanized with the
+      Unicode 'center dot' (U+00B7) separating the two letters,
+      to distinguish them from the digraphs /zh/ and /sh/.
+
+    - The character ة is found very rarely in Baluchi, principally in certain Arabic religious terms, e.g. zakāt
+      ('alms'). It should be romanized t.
+
+    - When the letters ال are found, representing the Arabic
+      definite article, the ل is assimilated to a following 'sun letter' ,د ,ث ,ت
+      ل ,ظ ,ط , ض , ,ص ,ش ,س , ,ر ,ذ or ن and is romanized t, , d, , r, z, s, sh, ş, ẕ ţ z , l, n accordingly.
+
+    - In romanization, the suffixes ءَ (-ā, singular definite)
+      and ءِ (-ay, possessive) are connected to the previous word
+      by a hyphen, though they are usually written separately.
+
+    - The word for 'and', written as و or ءُ, should be
+      romanized as –u-, linked by hyphens to the two words it
+      connects; e.g.,
+      ہ ٹد و س ٹد → Sind-u-Hind ('The Gangetic Plain').
+
+    - Except as specified in notes 4 and 5, word division in romanization should follow word division in the Baluchi script.
+
+    - Note that the short vowels in the Baluchi examples are not pointed.
+
+    - Certain initial, medial and final characters are not
+      readily available in a Unicode-encoded font in a standalone form.
+
+    - The Romanization columns show only lowercase forms but,
+      when romanizing, uppercase and lowercase Roman letters as
+      appropriate should be used.
+}
+
+tests {
+  # commented tests are blocked by https://github.com/interscript/interscript/issues/620
+  # 'cultivable patch of riverbed'
+  test "بےنٹَگ", "Benṭag"
+  # 'Japan'
+  test "جاپان", "Jāpān"
+  test "اَرَبِستان", "Arabistān"
+  test "بُنجاه", "Bunjāh"
+  test "بَلوچِستان", "Balochistān"
+  # 'village'
+  test "حَلق", "Ḩalq"
+  # 'foothills or skirts of a mountain'
+  test "دامان", "Dāmān"
+  test "ڈاڈَر", "Ḍāḍar"
+  # 'tomb'
+  test "گُمبُذ", "Gumbud͟h"
+  # 'crossroads'
+  test "چار راہ", "Chār Rāh"
+  # 'market'
+  test "بازار", "Bāzār"
+  test "سےبِى", "Sebī"
+  # - source: اِيشيا
+  #   expected: Eshyā
+  #   # 'homeland'
+  # - source: وَطَن
+  #   expected: Waţan
+  # 'Bandar Abbas'
+  test "عَبّاس", "‘Abbās"
+  # 'Taiwan'
+  test "فارموسا", "Fārmosā"
+  test "ڈاک", "Ḍāk"
+  # 'stream, irrigated area, pasture'
+  test "مَلّ", "Mall"
+  # - source: ہ یرات
+  #   expected: Herāt
+  # 'Philippines'
+  test "فِلپائِن", "Filpā’in"
+  test "مُرگاپ", "Murgāp"
+  # - source: مَرو
+  #   expected: Marw
+}
+
+stage {
+  # CHARACTERS
+  parallel {
+
+    # consonant characters
+
+    sub "\u0628", "b" # ب
+    sub "\u067E", "p" # پ
+    sub "\u062a", "t" # ت
+    sub "\u0679", "ṭ" # see note 8 ٹ
+    sub "\u067C", "ṭ" # see note 8 ټ
+    sub "\u062B", "t͟h" # see note 8 ث
+    sub "\u067F", "t͟h" # see note 8 ٿ
+    sub "\u062c", "j" # ج
+    sub "\u0686", "ch" # ‫چ‬
+    sub "\u062d", "ḩ" # ح
+    sub "\u062e", "kh" # خ
+    sub "\u062f", "d" # د
+    sub "\u0688", "ḍ" # ڈ
+    sub "\u0689", "ḍ" # ‫ډ‬
+    sub "\u0630", "d͟h" # ذ
+    sub "\u0631", "r" # ر
+    sub "\u0691", "ṛ" # see note 8 ڑ
+    sub "\u0693", "ṛ" # see note 8 ړ
+    sub "\u0632", "z" # ز
+    sub "\u0698", "zh" # ‫ژ‬
+    sub "\u0633", "s" # س
+    sub "\u0634", "sh" # ش
+    sub "\u0635", "ş" # ص
+    sub "\u0636", "ẕ" # ض
+    sub "\u0637", "ţ" # ط
+    sub "\u0638", "z̧" # ظ
+    sub "\u0639", "‘" # ع
+    sub "\u063a", "gh" # غ
+    sub "\u0641", "f" # ف
+    sub "\u0642", "q" # ق
+    sub "\u0643", "k" # ك
+    sub "\u06A9", "k" # ک
+    sub "\u06AF", "g" # ‫گ‬
+    sub "\u0644", "l" # ل
+    sub "\u0645", "m" # م
+    sub "\u0646", "n" # ن
+    sub "\u06BA", "ñ" # ں
+    sub "\u0648", "o" # و
+
+    sub "\u0648", "w" # و
+    sub "\u0647", "h" # ه
+    sub "\u06C1", "h"
+    sub "\u06BE", "h"
+    sub "\u0621", "’" # ء
+    sub "\u0626", "’" # ئ
+    sub "\u0649", "y" # ي
+    sub "\u064A", "y" # ي
+
+
+    # Aspiration is only contrastive in Eastern Baluchi
+    sub "\u0628\u06BE", "bh"
+
+    # Aspiration is only contrastive in Eastern Baluchi
+    sub "\u067E\u06BE", "ph"
+
+    # Aspiration is only contrastive in Eastern Baluchi.
+    # Apostrophe distinguishes from fricative /th/.
+    sub "\u062A\u06BE", "th’"
+
+    # Aspiration is only contrastive in Eastern Baluchi
+    sub "\u0679\u06BE", "ṭh"
+
+    # Aspiration is only contrastive in Eastern Baluchi
+    sub "\u062C\u06BE", "jh"
+
+    # Aspiration is only contrastive in Eastern Baluchi
+    sub "\u0686\u06BE", "chh"
+
+    # Aspiration is only contrastive in Eastern Baluchi.
+    # Apostrophe distinguishes from fricative /dh/
+    sub "\u062D\u06BE", "dh’"
+
+    # Aspiration is only contrastive in Eastern Baluchi
+    sub "\u0688\u06BE", "ḍh"
+
+    # Aspiration is only contrastive in Eastern Baluchi
+    sub "\u0631\u06BE", "\u1E5B\u0068"
+
+    # Aspiration is only contrastive in Eastern Baluchi.
+    # Apostrophe distinguishes from fricative /kh/
+    sub "\u06A9\u06BE", "kh’"
+
+    # Aspiration is only contrastive in Eastern Baluchi.
+    # Apostrophe distinguishes from fricative /gh/
+    sub "\u06AF\u06BE", "gh’" #
+    sub "\u0644\u0627", "lā" #
+    sub "\u06A9\u0627", "kā" #
+    sub "\u06AF\u0627", "gā" #
+    sub "\u06A9\u0644", "kl" #
+    sub "\u06AF\u0644", "gl" #
+
+    # Vowels, Diphthongs, and Diacritical Marks
+    sub "\u0650\u0649", "ī" # ـِي
+    sub "\u0650", "i" #  ِ
+    sub "\u06D2", "e" # ـے
+    sub boundary + "\u0627", "" # ا
+    sub "\u0627", "ā" # ا
+    sub "\u0622", "ā" # آ
+    sub "\u064E", "a" #  َ
+    sub "\u064F", "u" #  ُ
+    sub "\u064F\u0648", "ū" #  ـُو
+    sub "\u064E\u06D2", "ay" #  ـَي
+    sub "\u064E\u0648", "aw" # ـَو
+    sub "\u0652", "" # Not Romanized
+    sub "\u0670", "á" #
+
+    sub "\u0628\u0651", "bb" # ب
+    sub "\u067E\u0651", "pp" # پ
+    sub "\u062a\u0651", "tt" # ت
+    sub "\u0679\u0651", "ṭṭ" # see note 8 ٹ
+    sub "\u067C\u0651", "ṭṭ" # see note 8 ټ
+    sub "\u062B\u0651", "t͟ht͟h" # see note 8 ث
+    sub "\u067F\u0651", "t͟ht͟h" # see note 8 ٿ
+    sub "\u062c\u0651", "jj" # ج
+    sub "\u0686\u0651", "chch" # ‫چ‬
+    sub "\u062d\u0651", "ḩḩ" # ح
+    sub "\u062e\u0651", "khkh" # خ
+    sub "\u062f\u0651", "dd" # د
+    sub "\u0688\u0651", "ḍḍ" # ڈ
+    sub "\u0689\u0651", "ḍḍ" # ‫ډ‬
+    sub "\u0630\u0651", "d͟hd͟h" # ذ
+    sub "\u0631\u0651", "rr" # ر
+    sub "\u0691\u0651", "ṛṛ" # see note 8 ڑ
+    sub "\u0693\u0651", "ṛṛ" # see note 8 ړ
+    sub "\u0632\u0651", "zz" # ز
+    sub "\u0698\u0651", "zhzh" # ‫ژ‬
+    sub "\u0633\u0651", "ss" # س
+    sub "\u0634\u0651", "shsh" # ش
+    sub "\u0635\u0651", "şş" # ص
+    sub "\u0636\u0651", "ẕẕ" # ض
+    sub "\u0637\u0651", "ţţ" # ط
+    sub "\u0638\u0651", "z̧z̧" # ظ
+    sub "\u0639\u0651", "‘‘" # ع
+    sub "\u063a\u0651", "ghgh" # غ
+    sub "\u0641\u0651", "ff" # ف
+    sub "\u0642\u0651", "qq" # ق
+    sub "\u0643\u0651", "kk" # ك
+    sub "\u06A9\u0651", "kk" # ک
+    sub "\u06AF\u0651", "gg" # ‫گ‬
+    sub "\u0644\u0651", "ll" # ل
+    sub "\u0645\u0651", "mm" # م
+    sub "\u0646\u0651", "nn" # ن
+    sub "\u06BA\u0651", "ññ" # ں
+    sub "\u0648\u0651", "ww" # و
+    sub "\u0647\u0651", "hh" # ه
+    sub "\u06C1\u0651", "hh"
+    sub "\u06BE\u0651", "hh"
+    sub "\u0621\u0651", "’’" # ء
+    sub "\u0626\u0651", "’’" # ئ
+    sub "\u0649\u0651", "yy" # ي
+
+    sub "\u0621\u064E", "-ā" # see note 4
+    sub "\u0621\u0650", "-ay" # see note 4
+
+    # Numerals
+    sub "۰", "0"
+    sub "۱", "1"
+    sub "۲", "2"
+    sub "۳", "3"
+    sub "۴", "4"
+    sub "۵", "5"
+    sub "۶", "6"
+    sub "۷", "7"
+    sub "۸", "8"
+    sub "۹", "9"
+    # Although Perso-Arabic script is written from right to
+    # left, numerical expressions, e.g. ۸۶۹۱ → 1968, are
+    # written from left to right. A comma is inserted into
+    # longer sequences, either after thousands, millions,     etc.
+  }
+
+
+  # POSTRULES
+  sub any("\u0061".."\uFFFF"), upcase, before: boundary, not_before: boundary + any("‘’'")
+
+
+}