cainiaoblog 23.2.171

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+ <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://jspang.com/posts/2019/09/19/react-demo.html">React实战视频教程</a></li>
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+ </script><script type="text/javascript" src="//cdn.staticaly.com/gh/npljy/npljy.github.io/main/js/fixedPage.min.js"></script><meta name="generator" content="Hexo 6.3.0"></head><body><div class="body_container"><div id="header"><div class="site-name"><a id="logo" href="/.">前端壹菜鸟</a><p class="description">关注前端知识，收集精彩博文，做技术的搬运工</p></div><div id="nav-menu"><a class="current" href="/." target="_self"><i class="fa fa-home"> 首页</i></a><a href="/archives/" target="_self"><i class="fa fa-archive"> 归档</i></a><a href="/guestbook/" target="_self"><i class="fa fa-comments"> 留言</i></a><a href="/about/" target="_self"><i class="fa fa-user"> 关于</i></a><a href="https://laonongmin.online/" target="_target"><i class="fa fa-group"> 看看</i></a><a href="https://love.xuehuayu.cn/" target="_target"><i class="fa fa-heart"> LOVE</i></a></div></div><div class="pure-g" id="layout"><div class="pure-u-1 pure-u-md-3-4"><div class="content_container"><div class="post"><h1 class="post-title c-post">从多线程到Event Loop全面梳理</h1><div class="post-meta"><span class="date">2019-09-29</span><span> | </span><span class="tag"><a href="/tags/%E8%BD%AC%E8%BD%BD/">转载 </a></span><span> | </span><span class="category"><a href="/categories/%E5%89%8D%E7%AB%AF/">前端 </a></span><span id="busuanzi_container_page_pv"> | <span id="busuanzi_value_page_pv"><i class="fa fa-spinner"></i></span><span> 阅读</span></span><span class="post-time"><span class="post-meta-item-text"> | </span><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="fa fa-keyboard-o"></i><span class="post-count"> 3.6k</span><span class="post-meta-item-text"> 字</span></span></span><span class="post-time"> | <span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="fa fa-hourglass-half"></i><span class="post-count"> 12</span><span class="post-meta-item-text"> 分钟</span></span></span></div><a class="disqus-comment-count" href="/article/41717.html#vcomment"><span class="waline-comment-count" data-path="/article/41717.html"></span><span> 条评论</span></a><div class="post-content"><p><code>原文地址：https://juejin.im/post/5d5b4c2df265da03dd3d73e5</code><br>几乎在每一本JS相关的书籍中，都会说JS是<code>单线程</code>的，JS是通过事件队列<code>(Event Loop)</code>的方式来实现异步回调的。<br>对很多初学JS的人来说，根本搞不清楚单线程的JS为什么拥有<code>异步</code>的能力，所以，我试图从<code>进程</code>、<code>线程</code>的角度来解释这个问题。</p>
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+ <span id="more"></span>
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+ <blockquote>
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+ <p>你知道的越多，你不知道的越多<br><code>点赞</code>再看，手留余香，与有荣焉</p>
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+ </blockquote>
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+ <h2 id="CPU"><a href="#CPU" class="headerlink" title="CPU"></a>CPU</h2><p><img src="https://user-gold-cdn.xitu.io/2019/8/20/16caca3ddada3a3d?imageView2/0/w/1280/h/960/format/webp/ignore-error/1" alt="CPU"><br>计算机的核心是<code>CPU</code>，它承担了所有的计算任务。</p>
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+ <p>它就像一座工厂，时刻在运行。</p>
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+ <h2 id="进程"><a href="#进程" class="headerlink" title="进程"></a>进程</h2><p><img src="https://user-gold-cdn.xitu.io/2019/8/20/16caca3ddb1e54c7?imageView2/0/w/1280/h/960/format/webp/ignore-error/1" alt="进程"><br>假定工厂的电力有限，一次只能供给一个车间使用。<br>也就是说，一个车间开工的时候，其他车间都必须停工。<br>背后的含义就是，单个CPU一次只能运行一个任务。</p>
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+ <p><code>进程</code>就好比工厂的车间，它代表CPU所能处理的单个任务。<br><code>进程</code>之间相互独立，任一时刻，CPU总是运行一个<code>进程</code>，其他<code>进程</code>处于非运行状态。<br>CPU使用时间片轮转进度算法来实现同时运行多个<code>进程</code>。</p>
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+ <h2 id="线程"><a href="#线程" class="headerlink" title="线程"></a>线程</h2><p><img src="https://user-gold-cdn.xitu.io/2019/8/20/16caca3ddb0197b8?imageView2/0/w/1280/h/960/format/webp/ignore-error/1" alt="线程"><br>一个车间里，可以有很多工人，共享车间所有的资源，他们协同完成一个任务。</p>
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+ <p><code>线程</code>就好比车间里的工人，一个<code>进程</code>可以包括多个<code>线程</code>，多个<code>线程</code>共享<code>进程</code>资源。</p>
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+ <h2 id="CPU、进程、线程之间的关系"><a href="#CPU、进程、线程之间的关系" class="headerlink" title="CPU、进程、线程之间的关系"></a>CPU、进程、线程之间的关系</h2><p>从上文我们已经简单了解了CPU、进程、线程，简单汇总一下。</p>
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+ <ul>
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+ <li><code>进程</code>是cpu资源分配的最小单位（是能拥有资源和独立运行的最小单位）</li>
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+ <li><code>线程</code>是cpu调度的最小单位（线程是建立在进程的基础上的一次程序运行单位，一个进程中可以有多个线程）</li>
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+ <li>不同<code>进程</code>之间也可以通信，不过代价较大</li>
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+ <li><code>单线程</code>与<code>多线程</code>，都是指在一个<code>进程</code>内的单和多</li>
36
+ </ul>
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+ <h2 id="浏览器是多进程的"><a href="#浏览器是多进程的" class="headerlink" title="浏览器是多进程的"></a>浏览器是多进程的</h2><p>我们已经知道了<code>CPU</code>、<code>进程</code>、<code>线程</code>之间的关系，对于计算机来说，每一个应用程序都是一个<code>进程</code>，<br>而每一个应用程序都会分别有很多的功能模块，这些功能模块实际上是通过<code>子进程</code>来实现的。<br>对于这种<code>子进程</code>的扩展方式，我们可以称这个应用程序是<code>多进程</code>的。</p>
38
+ <p>而对于浏览器来说，浏览器就是多进程的，我在Chrome浏览器中打开了多个tab，然后打开windows控制管理器：<br><img src="https://user-gold-cdn.xitu.io/2019/8/21/16cb1f0a851c86b9?imageView2/0/w/1280/h/960/format/webp/ignore-error/1" alt="浏览器是多进程的"><br>如上图，我们可以看到一个Chrome浏览器启动了好多个进程。</p>
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+ <p>总结一下：</p>
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+ <ul>
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+ <li>浏览器是多进程的</li>
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+ <li>每一个Tab页，就是一个独立的进程</li>
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+ </ul>
44
+ <h2 id="浏览器包含了哪些进程"><a href="#浏览器包含了哪些进程" class="headerlink" title="浏览器包含了哪些进程"></a>浏览器包含了哪些进程</h2><ul>
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+ <li><p>主进程</p>
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+ </li>
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+ <li><p>协调控制其他子进程（创建、销毁）</p>
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+ </li>
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+ <li><p>浏览器界面显示，用户交互，前进、后退、收藏</p>
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+ </li>
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+ <li><p>将渲染进程得到的内存中的Bitmap，绘制到用户界面上</p>
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+ </li>
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+ <li><p>处理不可见操作，网络请求，文件访问等</p>
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+ </li>
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+ <li><p>第三方插件进程</p>
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+ </li>
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+ <li><p>每种类型的插件对应一个进程，仅当使用该插件时才创建</p>
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+ </li>
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+ <li><p>GPU进程</p>
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+ </li>
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+ <li><p>用于3D绘制等</p>
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+ </li>
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+ <li><p><code>渲染进程</code>，就是我们说的<code>浏览器内核</code></p>
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+ </li>
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+ <li><p>负责页面渲染，脚本执行，事件处理等</p>
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+ </li>
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+ <li><p>每个tab页一个渲染进程</p>
68
+ </li>
69
+ </ul>
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+ <p>那么浏览器中包含了这么多的进程，那么对于普通的前端操作来说，最重要的是什么呢？</p>
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+ <p>答案是<code>渲染进程</code>，也就是我们常说的<code>浏览器内核</code></p>
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+ <h2 id="浏览器内核（渲染进程）"><a href="#浏览器内核（渲染进程）" class="headerlink" title="浏览器内核（渲染进程）"></a>浏览器内核（渲染进程）</h2><p>从前文我们得知，进程和线程是一对多的关系，也就是说一个进程包含了多条线程。</p>
73
+ <p>而对于<code>渲染进程</code>来说，它当然也是多线程的了，接下来我们来看一下渲染进程包含哪些线程。</p>
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+ <ul>
75
+ <li><p><code>GUI渲染线程</code></p>
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+ </li>
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+ <li><p>负责渲染页面，布局和绘制</p>
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+ </li>
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+ <li><p>页面需要重绘和回流时，该线程就会执行</p>
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+ </li>
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+ <li><p>与js引擎线程互斥，防止渲染结果不可预期</p>
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+ </li>
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+ <li><p><code>JS引擎线程</code></p>
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+ </li>
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+ <li><p>负责处理解析和执行javascript脚本程序</p>
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+ </li>
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+ <li><p>只有一个JS引擎线程（单线程）</p>
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+ </li>
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+ <li><p>与GUI渲染线程互斥，防止渲染结果不可预期</p>
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+ </li>
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+ <li><p><code>事件触发线程</code></p>
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+ </li>
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+ <li><p>用来控制事件循环（鼠标点击、setTimeout、ajax等）</p>
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+ </li>
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+ <li><p>当事件满足触发条件时，将事件放入到JS引擎所在的执行队列中</p>
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+ </li>
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+ <li><p><code>定时触发器线程</code></p>
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+ </li>
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+ <li><p>setInterval与setTimeout所在的线程</p>
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+ </li>
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+ <li><p>定时任务并不是由JS引擎计时的，是由定时触发线程来计时的</p>
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+ </li>
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+ <li><p>计时完毕后，通知事件触发线程</p>
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+ </li>
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+ <li><p><code>异步http请求线程</code></p>
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+ </li>
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+ <li><p>浏览器有一个单独的线程用于处理AJAX请求</p>
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+ </li>
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+ <li><p>当请求完成时，若有回调函数，通知事件触发线程</p>
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+ </li>
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+ </ul>
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+ <p>当我们了解了渲染进程包含的这些线程后，我们思考两个问题：</p>
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+ <ol>
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+ <li>为什么 javascript 是单线程的</li>
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+ <li>为什么 GUI 渲染线程为什么与 JS 引擎线程互斥</li>
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+ </ol>
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+ <h3 id="为什么-javascript-是单线程的"><a href="#为什么-javascript-是单线程的" class="headerlink" title="为什么 javascript 是单线程的"></a>为什么 javascript 是单线程的</h3><p>首先是历史原因，在创建 javascript 这门语言时，多进程多线程的架构并不流行，硬件支持并不好。</p>
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+ <p>其次是因为多线程的复杂性，多线程操作需要加锁，编码的复杂性会增高。</p>
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+ <p>而且，如果同时操作 DOM ，在多线程不加锁的情况下，最终会导致 DOM 渲染的结果不可预期。</p>
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+ <h3 id="为什么-GUI-渲染线程与-JS-引擎线程互斥"><a href="#为什么-GUI-渲染线程与-JS-引擎线程互斥" class="headerlink" title="为什么 GUI 渲染线程与 JS 引擎线程互斥"></a>为什么 GUI 渲染线程与 JS 引擎线程互斥</h3><p>这是由于 JS 是可以操作 DOM 的，如果同时修改元素属性并同时渲染界面(即 <code>JS线程</code>和<code>UI线程</code>同时运行)，<br>那么渲染线程前后获得的元素就可能不一致了。</p>
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+ <p>因此，为了防止渲染出现不可预期的结果，浏览器设定 <code>GUI渲染线程</code>和<code>JS引擎线程</code>为互斥关系，<br>当<code>JS引擎线程</code>执行时<code>GUI渲染线程</code>会被挂起，GUI更新则会被保存在一个队列中等待<code>JS引擎线程</code>空闲时立即被执行。</p>
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+ <h2 id="从-Event-Loop-看-JS-的运行机制"><a href="#从-Event-Loop-看-JS-的运行机制" class="headerlink" title="从 Event Loop 看 JS 的运行机制"></a>从 Event Loop 看 JS 的运行机制</h2><p>到了这里，终于要进入我们的主题，什么是 Event Loop</p>
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+ <p>先理解一些概念：</p>
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+ <ul>
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+ <li>JS 分为同步任务和异步任务</li>
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+ <li>同步任务都在JS引擎线程上执行，形成一个<code>执行栈</code></li>
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+ <li>事件触发线程管理一个<code>任务队列</code>，异步任务触发条件达成，将回调事件放到<code>任务队列</code>中</li>
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+ <li><code>执行栈</code>中所有同步任务执行完毕，此时JS引擎线程空闲，系统会读取<code>任务队列</code>，将可运行的异步任务回调事件添加到<code>执行栈</code>中，开始执行</li>
129
+ </ul>
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+ <p><img src="https://user-gold-cdn.xitu.io/2019/8/21/16cb1d70e5120bea?imageView2/0/w/1280/h/960/format/webp/ignore-error/1" alt="xuehuayu.cn"><br>在前端开发中我们会通过<code>setTimeout/setInterval</code>来指定定时任务，会通过<code>XHR/fetch</code>发送网络请求，<br>接下来简述一下<code>setTimeout/setInterval</code>和<code>XHR/fetch</code>到底做了什么事</p>
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+ <p>我们知道，不管是<code>setTimeout/setInterval</code>和<code>XHR/fetch</code>代码，在这些代码执行时，<br>本身是同步任务，而其中的回调函数才是异步任务。</p>
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+ <p>当代码执行到<code>setTimeout/setInterval</code>时，实际上是<code>JS引擎线程</code>通知<code>定时触发器线程</code>，间隔一个时间后，会触发一个回调事件，<br>而<code>定时触发器线程</code>在接收到这个消息后，会在等待的时间后，将回调事件放入到由<code>事件触发线程</code>所管理的<code>事件队列</code>中。</p>
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+ <p>当代码执行到<code>XHR/fetch</code>时，实际上是<code>JS引擎线程</code>通知<code>异步http请求线程</code>，发送一个网络请求，并制定请求完成后的回调事件，<br>而<code>异步http请求线程</code>在接收到这个消息后，会在请求成功后，将回调事件放入到由<code>事件触发线程</code>所管理的<code>事件队列</code>中。</p>
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+ <p>当我们的同步任务执行完，<code>JS引擎线程</code>会询问<code>事件触发线程</code>，在<code>事件队列</code>中是否有待执行的回调函数，如果有就会加入到执行栈中交给<code>JS引擎线程</code>执行</p>
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+ <p>用一张图来解释：<br><img src="https://user-gold-cdn.xitu.io/2019/8/21/16cb1d7433f29c46?imageView2/0/w/1280/h/960/format/webp/ignore-error/1" alt="xuehuayu.cn"><br>再用代码来解释一下：</p>
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+ <pre><code>let timerCallback = function() &#123;
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+ console.log(&#39;wait one second&#39;);
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+ &#125;;
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+ let httpCallback = function() &#123;
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+ console.log(&#39;get server data success&#39;);
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+ &#125;
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+
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+ // 同步任务console.log(&#39;hello&#39;);
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+ // 同步任务// 通知定时器线程 1s 后将 timerCallback 交由事件触发线程处理// 1s 后事件触发线程将 timerCallback 加入到事件队列中
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+ setTimeout(timerCallback,1000);
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+ // 同步任务// 通知异步http请求线程发送网络请求，请求成功后将 httpCallback 交由事件触发线程处理// 请求成功后事件触发线程将 httpCallback 加入到事件队列中
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+ $.get(&#39;www.xxxx.com&#39;,httpCallback);
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+ // 同步任务console.log(&#39;world&#39;);
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+ //...// 所有同步任务执行完后// 询问事件触发线程在事件事件队列中是否有需要执行的回调函数// 如果没有，一直询问，直到有为止// 如果有，将回调事件加入执行栈中，开始执行回调代码复制代码
150
+ </code></pre>
151
+ <p>总结一下：</p>
152
+ <ul>
153
+ <li>JS引擎线程只执行执行栈中的事件</li>
154
+ <li>执行栈中的代码执行完毕，就会读取事件队列中的事件</li>
155
+ <li>事件队列中的回调事件，是由各自线程插入到事件队列中的</li>
156
+ <li>如此循环</li>
157
+ </ul>
158
+ <h2 id="宏任务、微任务"><a href="#宏任务、微任务" class="headerlink" title="宏任务、微任务"></a>宏任务、微任务</h2><p>当我们基本了解了什么是执行栈，什么是事件队列之后，我们深入了解一下事件循环中<code>宏任务</code>、<code>微任务</code></p>
159
+ <h3 id="什么是宏任务"><a href="#什么是宏任务" class="headerlink" title="什么是宏任务"></a>什么是宏任务</h3><p>我们可以将每次执行栈执行的代码当做是一个宏任务（包括每次从事件队列中获取一个事件回调并放到执行栈中执行），<br>每一个宏任务会从头到尾执行完毕，不会执行其他。</p>
160
+ <p>我们前文提到过<code>JS引擎线程</code>和<code>GUI渲染线程</code>是互斥的关系，浏览器为了能够使<code>宏任务</code>和<code>DOM任务</code>有序的进行，会在一个<code>宏任务</code>执行结果后，在下一个<code>宏任务</code>执行前，<code>GUI渲染线程</code>开始工作，对页面进行渲染。</p>
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+ <pre><code>// 宏任务--&gt;渲染--&gt;宏任务--&gt;渲染--&gt;渲染．．．复制代码
162
+ </code></pre>
163
+ <p>主代码块，setTimeout，setInterval等，都属于宏任务</p>
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+ <p><strong>第一个例子：</strong></p>
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+ <pre><code>document.body.style = &#39;background:black&#39;;
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+ document.body.style = &#39;background:red&#39;;
167
+ document.body.style = &#39;background:blue&#39;;
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+ document.body.style = &#39;background:grey&#39;;
169
+ 复制代码
170
+ </code></pre>
171
+ <p>我们可以将这段代码放到浏览器的控制台执行以下，看一下效果：<br><img src="https://user-gold-cdn.xitu.io/2019/8/20/16caca3e44d7d357?imageslim" alt="xuehuayu.cn"><br>我们会看到的结果是，页面背景会在瞬间变成灰色，以上代码属于同一次<code>宏任务</code>，所以全部执行完才触发<code>页面渲染</code>，渲染时<code>GUI线程</code>会将所有UI改动优化合并，所以视觉效果上，只会看到页面变成灰色。</p>
172
+ <p><strong>第二个例子：</strong></p>
173
+ <pre><code>document.body.style = &#39;background:blue&#39;;
174
+ setTimeout(function()&#123;
175
+ document.body.style = &#39;background:black&#39;
176
+ &#125;,0)
177
+ 复制代码
178
+ </code></pre>
179
+ <p>执行一下，再看效果：<br><img src="https://user-gold-cdn.xitu.io/2019/8/20/16caca3ed44e6b16?imageslim" alt="xuehuayu.cn"><br>我会看到，页面先显示成蓝色背景，然后瞬间变成了黑色背景，这是因为以上代码属于两次<code>宏任务</code>，第一次<code>宏任务</code>执行的代码是将背景变成蓝色，然后触发渲染，将页面变成蓝色，再触发第二次宏任务将背景变成黑色。</p>
180
+ <h3 id="什么是微任务"><a href="#什么是微任务" class="headerlink" title="什么是微任务"></a>什么是微任务</h3><p>我们已经知道<code>宏任务</code>结束后，会执行渲染，然后执行下一个<code>宏任务</code>，<br>而微任务可以理解成在当前<code>宏任务</code>执行后立即执行的任务。</p>
181
+ <p>也就是说，当<code>宏任务</code>执行完，会在渲染前，将执行期间所产生的所有<code>微任务</code>都执行完。</p>
182
+ <p>Promise，process.nextTick等，属于<code>微任务</code>。</p>
183
+ <p><strong>第一个例子：</strong></p>
184
+ <pre><code>document.body.style = &#39;background:blue&#39;console.log(1);
185
+ Promise.resolve().then(()=&gt;&#123;
186
+ console.log(2);
187
+ document.body.style = &#39;background:black&#39;
188
+ &#125;);
189
+ console.log(3);
190
+ 复制代码
191
+ </code></pre>
192
+ <p>执行一下，再看效果：<br><img src="https://user-gold-cdn.xitu.io/2019/8/20/16cad85d2378ccb5?imageslim" alt="xuehuayu.cn"><br>控制台输出 1 3 2 , 是因为 promise 对象的 then 方法的回调函数是异步执行，所以 2 最后输出</p>
193
+ <p>页面的背景色直接变成黑色，没有经过蓝色的阶段，是因为，我们在宏任务中将背景设置为蓝色，但在进行渲染前执行了微任务，<br>在微任务中将背景变成了黑色，然后才执行的渲染</p>
194
+ <p><strong>第二个例子：</strong></p>
195
+ <pre><code>setTimeout(() =&gt; &#123;
196
+ console.log(1)
197
+ Promise.resolve(3).then(data =&gt;console.log(data))
198
+ &#125;, 0)
199
+
200
+ setTimeout(() =&gt; &#123;
201
+ console.log(2)
202
+ &#125;, 0)
203
+
204
+ // print : 1 3 2复制代码
205
+ </code></pre>
206
+ <p>上面代码共包含两个 setTimeout ，也就是说除主代码块外，共有两个<code>宏任务</code>，<br>其中第一个<code>宏任务</code>执行中，输出 1 ，并且创建了<code>微任务队列</code>，所以在下一个<code>宏任务</code>队列执行前，<br>先执行<code>微任务</code>，在<code>微任务</code>执行中，输出 3 ，微任务执行后，执行下一次<code>宏任务</code>，执行中输出 2</p>
207
+ <h2 id="总结"><a href="#总结" class="headerlink" title="总结"></a>总结</h2><ul>
208
+ <li>执行一个<code>宏任务</code>（栈中没有就从<code>事件队列</code>中获取）</li>
209
+ <li>执行过程中如果遇到<code>微任务</code>，就将它添加到<code>微任务</code>的任务队列中</li>
210
+ <li><code>宏任务</code>执行完毕后，立即执行当前<code>微任务队列</code>中的所有<code>微任务</code>（依次执行）</li>
211
+ <li>当前<code>宏任务</code>执行完毕，开始检查渲染，然后<code>GUI线程</code>接管渲染</li>
212
+ <li>渲染完毕后，<code>JS线程</code>继续接管，开始下一个<code>宏任务</code>（从事件队列中获取）</li>
213
+ </ul>
214
+ <h2 id="系列文章推荐"><a href="#系列文章推荐" class="headerlink" title="系列文章推荐"></a>系列文章推荐</h2><ul>
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+ <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://juejin.im/post/5d3e4304f265da1b8608cee5">「前端进阶」如何优雅的处理图片异常</a></li>
216
+ <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://juejin.im/post/5d2d19ccf265da1b7f29b05f">「前端进阶」单页路由解析与实现</a></li>
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+ <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://juejin.im/post/5d2299faf265da1bb67a3b65">「前端进阶」彻底弄懂函数柯里化</a></li>
218
+ <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://juejin.im/post/5d116a9df265da1bb47d717b">「前端进阶」JS中的栈内存堆内存</a></li>
219
+ <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://juejin.im/post/5d0706a6f265da1bc23f77a9">「前端进阶」JS中的内存管理</a></li>
220
+ <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://juejin.im/post/5d004ad95188257c6b518056">「前端进阶」数组乱序</a></li>
221
+ </ul>
222
+ <h2 id="参考"><a href="#参考" class="headerlink" title="参考"></a>参考</h2><ul>
223
+ <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://book.douban.com/subject/25910556/">WebKit技术内幕</a></li>
224
+ <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.jianshu.com/p/1e455a9226ce">浏览器都包含哪些进程</a></li>
225
+ <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://www.ruanyifeng.com/blog/2013/04/processes_and_threads.html">进程与线程的一个简单解释</a></li>
226
+ </ul>
227
+ <h2 id="写在最后"><a href="#写在最后" class="headerlink" title="写在最后"></a>写在最后</h2><ul>
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+ <li>文中如有错误，欢迎在评论区指正，如果这篇文章帮到了你，欢迎<code>点赞</code>和<code>关注</code></li>
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+ <li>本文同步首发与<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/chenqf/frontEndBlog">github</a>，可在<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/chenqf/frontEndBlog">github</a>中找到更多精品文章，欢迎<code>Watch</code> &amp; <code>Star ★</code></li>
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+ <li>后续文章参见：<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/chenqf/frontEndBlog/blob/master/PLAN.md">计划</a></li>
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+ </ul>
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