cainiaoblog 23.2.171

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+ </script><script type="text/javascript" src="//cdn.staticaly.com/gh/npljy/npljy.github.io/main/js/fixedPage.min.js"></script><meta name="generator" content="Hexo 6.3.0"></head><body><div class="body_container"><div id="header"><div class="site-name"><a id="logo" href="/.">前端壹菜鸟</a><p class="description">关注前端知识，收集精彩博文，做技术的搬运工</p></div><div id="nav-menu"><a class="current" href="/." target="_self"><i class="fa fa-home"> 首页</i></a><a href="/archives/" target="_self"><i class="fa fa-archive"> 归档</i></a><a href="/guestbook/" target="_self"><i class="fa fa-comments"> 留言</i></a><a href="/about/" target="_self"><i class="fa fa-user"> 关于</i></a><a href="https://laonongmin.online/" target="_target"><i class="fa fa-group"> 看看</i></a><a href="https://love.xuehuayu.cn/" target="_target"><i class="fa fa-heart"> LOVE</i></a></div></div><div class="pure-g" id="layout"><div class="pure-u-1 pure-u-md-3-4"><div class="content_container"><div class="post"><h1 class="post-title c-post">如何优雅处理前端异常？</h1><div class="post-meta"><span class="date">2020-01-13</span><span> | </span><span class="tag"><a href="/tags/%E8%BD%AC%E8%BD%BD/">转载 </a></span><span> | </span><span class="category"><a href="/categories/%E5%89%8D%E7%AB%AF/">前端 </a></span><span id="busuanzi_container_page_pv"> | <span id="busuanzi_value_page_pv"><i class="fa fa-spinner"></i></span><span> 阅读</span></span><span class="post-time"><span class="post-meta-item-text"> | </span><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="fa fa-keyboard-o"></i><span class="post-count"> 3.5k</span><span class="post-meta-item-text"> 字</span></span></span><span class="post-time"> | <span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="fa fa-hourglass-half"></i><span class="post-count"> 14</span><span class="post-meta-item-text"> 分钟</span></span></span></div><a class="disqus-comment-count" href="/article/18039.html#vcomment"><span class="waline-comment-count" data-path="/article/18039.html"></span><span> 条评论</span></a><div class="post-content"><p><code>作者: Jartto&#39;s blog 原文地址：http://jartto.wang/2018/11/20/js-exception-handling/</code></p>
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+ <p>前端一直是距离用户最近的一层，随着产品的日益完善，我们会更加注重用户体验，而前端异常却如鲠在喉，甚是烦人。</p>
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+ <span id="more"></span>
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+
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+ <h4 id="一、为什么要处理异常？"><a href="#一、为什么要处理异常？" class="headerlink" title="一、为什么要处理异常？"></a>一、为什么要处理异常？</h4><p>异常是不可控的，会影响最终的呈现结果，但是我们有充分的理由去做这样的事情。</p>
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+ <p>1.增强用户体验；<br>2.远程定位问题；<br>3.未雨绸缪，及早发现问题；<br>4.无法复线问题，尤其是移动端，机型，系统都是问题；<br>5.完善的前端方案，前端监控系统；</p>
25
+ <p>对于 <code>JS</code> 而言，我们面对的仅仅只是异常，异常的出现不会直接导致 <code>JS</code> 引擎崩溃，最多只会使当前执行的任务终止。</p>
26
+ <h4 id="二、需要处理哪些异常？"><a href="#二、需要处理哪些异常？" class="headerlink" title="二、需要处理哪些异常？"></a>二、需要处理哪些异常？</h4><p>对于前端来说，我们可做的异常捕获还真不少。总结一下，大概如下：</p>
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+ <ul>
28
+ <li><code>JS</code> 语法错误、代码异常</li>
29
+ <li><code>AJAX</code> 请求异常</li>
30
+ <li>静态资源加载异常</li>
31
+ <li><code>Promise</code> 异常</li>
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+ <li><code>Iframe</code> 异常</li>
33
+ <li>跨域 Script error </li>
34
+ <li>崩溃和卡顿</li>
35
+ </ul>
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+ <p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://jartto.wang/2018/11/20/js-exception-handling/">下面</a>我会针对每种具体情况来说明如何处理这些异常。</p>
37
+ <h4 id="三、Try-Catch-的误区"><a href="#三、Try-Catch-的误区" class="headerlink" title="三、Try-Catch 的误区"></a>三、Try-Catch 的误区</h4><p><code>try-catch</code> 只能捕获到同步的运行时错误，对语法和异步错误却无能为力，捕获不到。<br>1.同步运行时错误：</p>
38
+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">try</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">let</span> name = <span class="string">&#x27;jartto&#x27;</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(nam);</span><br><span class="line">&#125; <span class="keyword">catch</span>(e) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;捕获到异常：&#x27;</span>,e);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
39
+
40
+ <p>输出：</p>
41
+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">捕获到异常： <span class="title class_">ReferenceError</span>: nam is not defined</span><br><span class="line"> at &lt;anonymous&gt;:<span class="number">3</span>:<span class="number">15</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
42
+
43
+ <p>2.不能捕获到语法错误，我们修改一下代码，删掉一个单引号：</p>
44
+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">try</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">let</span> name = <span class="string">&#x27;jartto;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> console.log(nam);</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">&#125; catch(e) &#123;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> console.log(&#x27;</span>捕获到异常：<span class="string">&#x27;,e);</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">&#125;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
45
+
46
+ <p>输出：</p>
47
+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="title class_">Uncaught</span> <span class="title class_">SyntaxError</span>: <span class="title class_">Invalid</span> or unexpected token</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
48
+
49
+ <p>不过语法错误在我们开发阶段就可以看到，应该不会顺利上到线上环境。</p>
50
+ <p>3.异步错误</p>
51
+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">try</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">setTimeout</span>(<span class="function">() =&gt;</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="literal">undefined</span>.<span class="title function_">map</span>(<span class="function"><span class="params">v</span> =&gt;</span> v);</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;, <span class="number">1000</span>)</span><br><span class="line">&#125; <span class="keyword">catch</span>(e) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;捕获到异常：&#x27;</span>,e);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
52
+
53
+ <p>我们看看日志：</p>
54
+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="title class_">Uncaught</span> <span class="title class_">TypeError</span>: <span class="title class_">Cannot</span> read property <span class="string">&#x27;map&#x27;</span> <span class="keyword">of</span> <span class="literal">undefined</span></span><br><span class="line"> at <span class="built_in">setTimeout</span> (&lt;anonymous&gt;:<span class="number">3</span>:<span class="number">11</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
55
+
56
+ <p>并没有捕获到异常，这是需要我们特别注意的地方。</p>
57
+ <h4 id="四、window-onerror-不是万能的"><a href="#四、window-onerror-不是万能的" class="headerlink" title="四、window.onerror 不是万能的"></a>四、window.onerror 不是万能的</h4><p>当 <code>JS</code> 运行时错误发生时，<code>window</code> 会触发一个 <code>ErrorEvent</code> 接口的 <code>error</code> 事件，并执行 <code>window.onerror()</code>。</p>
58
+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">* <span class="doctag">@param</span> &#123;<span class="type">String</span>&#125; message 错误信息</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">* <span class="doctag">@param</span> &#123;<span class="type">String</span>&#125; source 出错文件</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">* <span class="doctag">@param</span> &#123;<span class="type">Number</span>&#125; lineno 行号</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">* <span class="doctag">@param</span> &#123;<span class="type">Number</span>&#125; colno 列号</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">* <span class="doctag">@param</span> &#123;<span class="type">Object</span>&#125; error Error对象（对象）</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">*/</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="variable language_">window</span>.<span class="property">onerror</span> = <span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params">message, source, lineno, colno, error</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;捕获到异常：&#x27;</span>,&#123;message, source, lineno, colno, error&#125;);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
59
+
60
+ <p>1.首先试试同步运行时错误</p>
61
+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="variable language_">window</span>.<span class="property">onerror</span> = <span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params">message, source, lineno, colno, error</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// message：错误信息（字符串）。</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// source：发生错误的脚本URL（字符串）</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// lineno：发生错误的行号（数字）</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// colno：发生错误的列号（数字）</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// error：Error对象（对象）</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;捕获到异常：&#x27;</span>,&#123;message, source, lineno, colno, error&#125;);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="title class_">Jartto</span>;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
62
+
63
+ <p>可以看到，我们捕获到了异常：<br><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/chenfengyanyu/my-web-accumulation/master/images/js-exception/error1.png" alt="error1"></p>
64
+ <p>2.再试试语法错误呢？</p>
65
+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="variable language_">window</span>.<span class="property">onerror</span> = <span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params">message, source, lineno, colno, error</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;捕获到异常：&#x27;</span>,&#123;message, source, lineno, colno, error&#125;);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">let</span> name = <span class="string">&#x27;Jartto</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
66
+
67
+ <p>控制台打印出了这样的异常：</p>
68
+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="title class_">Uncaught</span> <span class="title class_">SyntaxError</span>: <span class="title class_">Invalid</span> or unexpected token</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
69
+
70
+ <p>什么，竟然没有捕获到语法错误？</p>
71
+ <p>3.怀着忐忑的心，我们最后来试试异步运行时错误：</p>
72
+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="variable language_">window</span>.<span class="property">onerror</span> = <span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params">message, source, lineno, colno, error</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;捕获到异常：&#x27;</span>,&#123;message, source, lineno, colno, error&#125;);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">setTimeout</span>(<span class="function">() =&gt;</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="title class_">Jartto</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
73
+
74
+ <p>控制台输出了：</p>
75
+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">捕获到异常： &#123;<span class="attr">message</span>: <span class="string">&quot;Uncaught ReferenceError: Jartto is not defined&quot;</span>, <span class="attr">source</span>: <span class="string">&quot;http://127.0.0.1:8001/&quot;</span>, <span class="attr">lineno</span>: <span class="number">36</span>, <span class="attr">colno</span>: <span class="number">5</span>, <span class="attr">error</span>: <span class="title class_">ReferenceError</span>: <span class="title class_">Jartto</span> is not defined</span><br><span class="line"> at <span class="built_in">setTimeout</span> (<span class="attr">http</span>:<span class="comment">//127.0.0.1:8001/:36:5)&#125;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
76
+
77
+ <p>4.接着，我们试试网络请求异常的情况：</p>
78
+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">&lt;script&gt;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">window</span>.<span class="property">onerror</span> = <span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params">message, source, lineno, colno, error</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;捕获到异常：&#x27;</span>,&#123;message, source, lineno, colno, error&#125;);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="literal">true</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&lt;/script&gt;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-xml">&lt;imgsrc=&quot;./jartto.png&quot;&gt;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
79
+
80
+ <p>我们发现，不论是静态资源异常，或者接口异常，错误都无法捕获到。</p>
81
+ <p>补充一点：<code>window.onerror</code> 函数只有在返回 <code>true</code> 的时候，异常才不会向上抛出，否则即使是知道异常的发生控制台还是会显示 <code>Uncaught Error: xxxxx</code></p>
82
+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="variable language_">window</span>.<span class="property">onerror</span> = <span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params">message, source, lineno, colno, error</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;捕获到异常：&#x27;</span>,&#123;message, source, lineno, colno, error&#125;);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="literal">true</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">setTimeout</span>(<span class="function">() =&gt;</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="title class_">Jartto</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
83
+
84
+ <p>控制台就不会再有这样的错误了：</p>
85
+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="title class_">Uncaught</span> <span class="title class_">ReferenceError</span>: <span class="title class_">Jartto</span> is not defined</span><br><span class="line"> at <span class="built_in">setTimeout</span> ((index):<span class="number">36</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
86
+
87
+ <p>需要注意：<br><code>onerror</code> 最好写在所有 <code>JS</code> 脚本的前面，否则有可能捕获不到错误；<br><code>onerror</code> 无法捕获语法错误；</p>
88
+ <p>到这里基本就清晰了：在实际的使用过程中，<code>onerror</code> 主要是来捕获预料之外的错误，而 <code>try-catch</code> 则是用来在可预见情况下监控特定的错误，两者结合使用更加高效。</p>
89
+ <p>问题又来了，捕获不到静态资源加载异常怎么办？</p>
90
+ <h4 id="五、window-addEventListener"><a href="#五、window-addEventListener" class="headerlink" title="五、window.addEventListener"></a>五、window.addEventListener</h4><p>当一项资源（如图片或脚本）加载失败，加载资源的元素会触发一个 <code>Event</code> 接口的 <code>error</code> 事件，并执行该元素上的<code>onerror()</code> 处理函数。这些 <code>error</code> 事件不会向上冒泡到 <code>window</code> ，不过（至少在 <code>Firefox</code> 中）能被单一的<code>window.addEventListener</code> 捕获。</p>
91
+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">&lt;scritp&gt;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">window</span>.<span class="title function_">addEventListener</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;error&#x27;</span>, <span class="function">(<span class="params">error</span>) =&gt;</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;捕获到异常：&#x27;</span>, error);</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;, <span class="literal">true</span>)</span><br><span class="line">&lt;/script&gt;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-xml">&lt;imgsrc=&quot;./jartto.png&quot;&gt;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
92
+
93
+ <p>控制台输出：</p>
94
+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">![error2](<span class="attr">https</span>:<span class="comment">//raw.githubusercontent.com/chenfengyanyu/my-web-accumulation/master/images/js-exception/error2.png)</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
95
+
96
+ <p>由于网络请求异常不会事件冒泡，因此必须在捕获阶段将其捕捉到才行，但是这种方式虽然可以捕捉到网络请求的异常，但是无法判断 <code>HTTP</code> 的状态是 <code>404</code> 还是其他比如 <code>500</code> 等等，所以还需要配合服务端日志才进行排查分析才可以。</p>
97
+ <p>需要注意：</p>
98
+ <ul>
99
+ <li>不同浏览器下返回的 <code>error</code> 对象可能不同，需要注意兼容处理。</li>
100
+ <li>需要注意避免 <code>addEventListener</code> 重复监听。</li>
101
+ </ul>
102
+ <h4 id="六、Promise-Catch"><a href="#六、Promise-Catch" class="headerlink" title="六、Promise Catch"></a>六、Promise Catch</h4><p>在 <code>promise</code> 中使用 <code>catch</code> 可以非常方便的捕获到异步 <code>error</code> ，这个很简单。</p>
103
+ <p>没有写 <code>catch</code> 的 <code>Promise</code> 中抛出的错误无法被 <code>onerror</code> 或 <code>try-catch</code> 捕获到，所以我们务必要在 <code>Promise</code> 中不要忘记写 <code>catch</code> 处理抛出的异常。</p>
104
+ <p>解决方案： 为了防止有漏掉的 <code>Promise</code> 异常，建议在全局增加一个对 <code>unhandledrejection</code> 的监听，用来全局监听<code>Uncaught Promise Error</code>。使用方式：</p>
105
+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="variable language_">window</span>.<span class="title function_">addEventListener</span>(<span class="string">&quot;unhandledrejection&quot;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params">e</span>)&#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(e);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
106
+
107
+ <p>我们继续来尝试一下：</p>
108
+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="variable language_">window</span>.<span class="title function_">addEventListener</span>(<span class="string">&quot;unhandledrejection&quot;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params">e</span>)&#123;</span><br><span class="line"> e.<span class="title function_">preventDefault</span>()</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;捕获到异常：&#x27;</span>, e);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="literal">true</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="title class_">Promise</span>.<span class="title function_">reject</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;promise error&#x27;</span>);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
109
+
110
+ <p>可以看到如下输出：<br><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/chenfengyanyu/my-web-accumulation/master/images/js-exception/promise.png" alt="promise"></p>
111
+ <p>那如果对 <code>Promise</code> 不进行 <code>catch</code> 呢？</p>
112
+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="variable language_">window</span>.<span class="title function_">addEventListener</span>(<span class="string">&quot;unhandledrejection&quot;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params">e</span>)&#123;</span><br><span class="line"> e.<span class="title function_">preventDefault</span>()</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;捕获到异常：&#x27;</span>, e);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="literal">true</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="title function_">newPromise</span>(<span class="function">(<span class="params">resolve, reject</span>) =&gt;</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="title function_">reject</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;jartto: promise error&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
113
+
114
+ <p>嗯，事实证明，也是会被正常捕获到的。</p>
115
+ <p>所以，正如我们上面所说，为了防止有漏掉的 <code>Promise</code> 异常，建议在全局增加一个对 <code>unhandledrejection</code> 的监听，用来全局监听 <code>Uncaught Promise Error</code>。</p>
116
+ <p>补充一点：如果去掉控制台的异常显示，需要加上：</p>
117
+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">event.<span class="title function_">preventDefault</span>();</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
118
+
119
+ <h4 id="七、VUE-errorHandler"><a href="#七、VUE-errorHandler" class="headerlink" title="七、VUE errorHandler"></a>七、VUE errorHandler</h4><figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="title class_">Vue</span>.<span class="property">config</span>.<span class="property">errorHandler</span> = <span class="function">(<span class="params">err, vm, info</span>) =&gt;</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">error</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;通过vue errorHandler捕获的错误&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">error</span>(err);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">error</span>(vm);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">error</span>(info);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
120
+ <h4 id="八、React-异常捕获"><a href="#八、React-异常捕获" class="headerlink" title="八、React 异常捕获"></a>八、React 异常捕获</h4><p><code>React 16</code> 提供了一个内置函数 <code>componentDidCatch</code>，使用它可以非常简单的获取到 <code>react</code> 下的错误信息</p>
121
+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="title function_">componentDidCatch</span>(<span class="params">error, info</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(error, info);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
122
+
123
+ <p>除此之外，我们可以了解一下：<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://blog.csdn.net/a986597353/article/details/78469979"><code>error boundary</code></a><br><code>UI</code> 的某部分引起的 <code>JS</code> 错误不应该破坏整个程序，为了帮 <code>React</code> 的使用者解决这个问题，<code>React 16</code> 介绍了一种关于错误边界（<code>error boundary</code>)的新观念。</p>
124
+ <p>需要注意的是： error boundaries 并不会捕捉下面这些错误。</p>
125
+ <p>1.事件处理器<br>2.异步代码<br>3.服务端的渲染代码<br>4.在 <code>error boundaries</code> 区域内的错误</p>
126
+ <p>我们来举一个小例子，在下面这个 <code>componentDIdCatch(error,info)</code> 里的类会变成一个 <code>error boundary</code>：</p>
127
+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">classErrorBoundaryextendsReact.<span class="property">Component</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="title function_">constructor</span>(<span class="params">props</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">super</span>(props);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">this</span>.<span class="property">state</span> = &#123; <span class="attr">hasError</span>: <span class="literal">false</span> &#125;;</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="title function_">componentDidCatch</span>(<span class="params">error, info</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// Display fallback UI</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">this</span>.<span class="title function_">setState</span>(&#123; <span class="attr">hasError</span>: <span class="literal">true</span> &#125;);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// You can also log the error to an error reporting service</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="title function_">logErrorToMyService</span>(error, info);</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="title function_">render</span>(<span class="params"></span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (<span class="variable language_">this</span>.<span class="property">state</span>.<span class="property">hasError</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// You can render any custom fallback UI</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span><span class="language-xml"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">h1</span>&gt;</span>Something went wrong.<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">h1</span>&gt;</span></span>;</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;</span><br><span class="line"> returnthis.<span class="property">props</span>.<span class="property">children</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
128
+
129
+ <p>然后我们像使用普通组件那样使用它：</p>
130
+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">&lt;<span class="title class_">ErrorBoundary</span>&gt;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="language-xml"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">MyWidget</span> /&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line">&lt;/<span class="title class_">ErrorBoundary</span>&gt;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
131
+
132
+ <p><code>componentDidCatch()</code> 方法像 <code>JS</code> 的 <code>catch&#123;&#125;</code> 模块一样工作，但是对于组件，只有 <code>class</code> 类型的组件(<code>class component</code> )可以成为一个 <code>error boundaries</code> 。</p>
133
+ <p>实际上，大多数情况下我们可以在整个程序中定义一个 <code>error boundary</code> 组件，之后就可以一直使用它了！</p>
134
+ <h4 id="九、iframe-异常"><a href="#九、iframe-异常" class="headerlink" title="九、iframe 异常"></a>九、iframe 异常</h4><p>对于 <code>iframe</code> 的异常捕获，我们还得借力 <code>window.onerror</code>：</p>
135
+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="variable language_">window</span>.<span class="property">onerror</span> = <span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params">message, source, lineno, colno, error</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;捕获到异常：&#x27;</span>,&#123;message, source, lineno, colno, error&#125;);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
136
+
137
+ <p>一个简单的例子可能如下：</p>
138
+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">&lt;iframesrc=<span class="string">&quot;./iframe.html&quot;</span>frameborder=<span class="string">&quot;0&quot;</span>&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-xml"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">script</span>&gt;</span><span class="language-javascript"></span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript"><span class="language-xml"> <span class="variable language_">window</span>.<span class="property">frames</span>[<span class="number">0</span>].<span class="property">onerror</span> = <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">message, source, lineno, colno, error</span>) &#123;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript"><span class="language-xml"> <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;捕获到 iframe 异常：&#x27;</span>,&#123;message, source, lineno, colno, error&#125;);</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript"><span class="language-xml"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="literal">true</span>;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript"><span class="language-xml"> &#125;;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="language-javascript"><span class="language-xml"></span><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">script</span>&gt;</span></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
139
+
140
+ <h4 id="十、Script-error"><a href="#十、Script-error" class="headerlink" title="十、Script error"></a>十、Script error</h4><p>一般情况，如果出现 <code>Script error</code> 这样的错误，基本上可以确定是出现了跨域问题。这时候，是不会有其他太多辅助信息的，但是解决思路无非如下：</p>
141
+ <p>跨源资源共享机制( <code>CORS</code> )：我们为 <code>script</code> 标签添加 <code>crossOrigin</code> 属性。</p>
142
+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">&lt;scriptsrc=<span class="string">&quot;http://jartto.wang/main.js&quot;</span>crossorigin&gt;&lt;/script&gt;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
143
+
144
+ <p>或者动态去添加 <code>js</code> 脚本：</p>
145
+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> script = <span class="variable language_">document</span>.<span class="title function_">createElement</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;script&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">script.<span class="property">crossOrigin</span> = <span class="string">&#x27;anonymous&#x27;</span>;</span><br><span class="line">script.<span class="property">src</span> = url;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="variable language_">document</span>.<span class="property">body</span>.<span class="title function_">appendChild</span>(script);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
146
+
147
+ <p>特别注意，服务器端需要设置：Access-Control-Allow-Origin</p>
148
+ <p>此外，我们也可以试试这个-<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://juejin.im/post/5c00a405f265da610e7fd024">解决 Script Error 的另类思路</a>：</p>
149
+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> originAddEventListener = <span class="title class_">EventTarget</span>.<span class="property"><span class="keyword">prototype</span></span>.<span class="property">addEventListener</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="title class_">EventTarget</span>.<span class="property"><span class="keyword">prototype</span></span>.<span class="property">addEventListener</span> = <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">type, listener, options</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">const</span> wrappedListener = <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">...args</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">try</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> listener.<span class="title function_">apply</span>(<span class="variable language_">this</span>, args);</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">catch</span> (err) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">throw</span> err;</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> originAddEventListener.<span class="title function_">call</span>(<span class="variable language_">this</span>, type, wrappedListener, options);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
150
+
151
+ <p>简单解释一下：</p>
152
+ <ul>
153
+ <li>改写了 <code>EventTarget</code> 的 <code>addEventListener</code> 方法；</li>
154
+ <li>对传入的 <code>listener</code> 进行包装，返回包装过的 <code>listener</code>，对其执行进行 <code>try-catch</code>；</li>
155
+ <li>浏览器不会对 <code>try-catch</code> 起来的异常进行跨域拦截，所以 <code>catch</code> 到的时候，是有堆栈信息的；</li>
156
+ <li>重新 <code>throw</code> 出来异常的时候，执行的是同域代码，所以 <code>window.onerror</code> 捕获的时候不会丢失堆栈信息；</li>
157
+ </ul>
158
+ <p>利用包装 <code>addEventListener</code>，我们还可以达到「扩展堆栈」的效果：</p>
159
+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"> (<span class="function">() =&gt;</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">const</span> originAddEventListener = <span class="title class_">EventTarget</span>.<span class="property"><span class="keyword">prototype</span></span>.<span class="property">addEventListener</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="title class_">EventTarget</span>.<span class="property"><span class="keyword">prototype</span></span>.<span class="property">addEventListener</span> = <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">type, listener, options</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">+ <span class="comment">// 捕获添加事件时的堆栈</span></span><br><span class="line">+ <span class="keyword">const</span> addStack = <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">Error</span>(<span class="string">`Event (<span class="subst">$&#123;type&#125;</span>)`</span>).<span class="property">stack</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">const</span> wrappedListener = <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">...args</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">try</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> listener.<span class="title function_">apply</span>(<span class="variable language_">this</span>, args);</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">catch</span> (err) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">+ <span class="comment">// 异常发生时，扩展堆栈</span></span><br><span class="line">+ err.<span class="property">stack</span> += <span class="string">&#x27;\n&#x27;</span> + addStack;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">throw</span> err;</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> originAddEventListener.<span class="title function_">call</span>(<span class="variable language_">this</span>, type, wrappedListener, options);</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;)();</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
160
+
161
+ <h4 id="十一、崩溃和卡顿"><a href="#十一、崩溃和卡顿" class="headerlink" title="十一、崩溃和卡顿"></a>十一、崩溃和卡顿</h4><p>卡顿也就是网页暂时响应比较慢， <code>JS</code> 可能无法及时执行。但崩溃就不一样了，网页都崩溃了，<code>JS</code> 都不运行了，还有什么办法可以监控网页的崩溃，并将网页崩溃上报呢？</p>
162
+ <p>崩溃和卡顿也是不可忽视的，也许会导致你的用户流失。</p>
163
+ <p>1.利用 <code>window</code> 对象的 <code>load</code> 和 <code>beforeunload</code> 事件实现了网页崩溃的监控。<br>不错的文章，推荐阅读：<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://jasonjl.me/blog/2015/06/21/taking-action-on-browser-crashes/">Logging Information on Browser Crashes</a>。</p>
164
+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="variable language_">window</span>.<span class="title function_">addEventListener</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;load&#x27;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params"></span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> sessionStorage.<span class="title function_">setItem</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;good_exit&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;pending&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">setInterval</span>(<span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params"></span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> sessionStorage.<span class="title function_">setItem</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;time_before_crash&#x27;</span>, <span class="title function_">newDate</span>().<span class="title function_">toString</span>());</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;, <span class="number">1000</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="variable language_">window</span>.<span class="title function_">addEventListener</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;beforeunload&#x27;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params"></span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> sessionStorage.<span class="title function_">setItem</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;good_exit&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;true&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">if</span>(sessionStorage.<span class="title function_">getItem</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;good_exit&#x27;</span>) &amp;&amp;</span><br><span class="line"> sessionStorage.<span class="title function_">getItem</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;good_exit&#x27;</span>) !== <span class="string">&#x27;true&#x27;</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/*</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> insert crash logging code here</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">*/</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="title function_">alert</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;Hey, welcome back from your crash, looks like you crashed on: &#x27;</span> + sessionStorage.<span class="title function_">getItem</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;time_before_crash&#x27;</span>));</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
165
+
166
+ <p>2.基于以下原因，我们可以使用 <code>Service Worker</code> 来实现<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://juejin.im/entry/5be158116fb9a049c6434f4a?utm_source=gold_browser_extension">网页崩溃的监控</a>：</p>
167
+ <ul>
168
+ <li><code>Service Worker</code> 有自己独立的工作线程，与网页区分开，网页崩溃了，<code>Service Worker</code> 一般情况下不会崩溃；</li>
169
+ <li><code>Service Worker</code> 生命周期一般要比网页还要长，可以用来监控网页的状态；</li>
170
+ <li>网页可以通过 <code>navigator.serviceWorker.controller.postMessage API</code> 向掌管自己的 <code>SW</code> 发送消息。</li>
171
+ </ul>
172
+ <h4 id="十二、错误上报"><a href="#十二、错误上报" class="headerlink" title="十二、错误上报"></a>十二、错误上报</h4><p>1.通过 <code>Ajax</code> 发送数据<br>因为 <code>Ajax</code> 请求本身也有可能会发生异常，而且有可能会引发跨域问题，一般情况下更推荐使用动态创建 <code>img</code> 标签的形式进行上报。</p>
173
+ <p>2.动态创建 <code>img</code> 标签的形式</p>
174
+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="title function_">functionreport</span>(error) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">let</span> reportUrl = <span class="string">&#x27;http://jartto.wang/report&#x27;</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">Image</span>().<span class="property">src</span> = <span class="string">`<span class="subst">$&#123;reportUrl&#125;</span>?logs=<span class="subst">$&#123;error&#125;</span>`</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
175
+
176
+ <p>收集异常信息量太多，怎么办？实际中，我们不得不考虑这样一种情况：如果你的网站访问量很大，那么一个必然的错误发送的信息就有很多条，这时候，我们需要设置采集率，从而<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/happylindz/blog/issues/5">减缓服务器的压力</a>：</p>
177
+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="title class_">Reporter</span>.<span class="property">send</span> = <span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params">data</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 只采集 30%</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span>(<span class="title class_">Math</span>.<span class="title function_">random</span>() &lt; <span class="number">0.3</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="title function_">send</span>(data) <span class="comment">// 上报错误信息</span></span><br><span class="line"> &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
178
+
179
+ <p>采集率应该通过实际情况来设定，随机数，或者某些用户特征都是不错的选择。</p>
180
+ <h4 id="十三、总结"><a href="#十三、总结" class="headerlink" title="十三、总结"></a>十三、总结</h4><p>回到我们开头提出的那个问题，如何优雅的处理异常呢？</p>
181
+ <p>1.可疑区域增加 <code>Try-Catch</code><br>2.全局监控 <code>JS</code> 异常 <code>window.onerror</code><br>3.全局监控静态资源异常 <code>window.addEventListener</code><br>4.捕获没有 <code>Catch</code> 的 <code>Promise</code> 异常：<code>unhandledrejection</code><br>5.<code>VUE errorHandler</code> 和 <code>React componentDidCatch</code><br>6.监控网页崩溃：<code>window</code> 对象的 <code>load</code> 和 <code>beforeunload</code><br>7.跨域 <code>crossOrigin</code> 解决</p>
182
+ <p>其实很简单，正如<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://jartto.wang/2018/11/20/js-exception-handling/">上文</a>所说：采用组合方案，分类型的去捕获异常，这样基本 80%-90% 的问题都化于无形。</p>
183
+ <h4 id="十四、参考"><a href="#十四、参考" class="headerlink" title="十四、参考"></a>十四、参考</h4><p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://jasonjl.me/blog/2015/06/21/taking-action-on-browser-crashes/">Logging Information on Browser Crashes</a><br><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/happylindz/blog/issues/5">前端代码异常监控实战</a><br><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://blog.csdn.net/a986597353/article/details/78469979">Error Boundaries</a><br><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/RicardoCao-Biker/Front-End-Monitoring/blob/master/BasicKnowledge.md">前端监控知识点</a><br><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://blog.sentry.io/2016/01/04/client-javascript-reporting-window-onerror">Capture and report JavaScript errors with window.onerror</a></p>
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+ sofa: '沙发空缺中，还不快抢~',
189
+ };
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+ Waline.init({
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+ el: '#vcomment',
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+ serverURL: serverURL,
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+ pageSize: '20',
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+ 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/walinejs/emojis@1.0.0/weibo',
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+ 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/walinejs/emojis@1.0.0/tw-emoji',
200
+ ],
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+ locale,
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+ })
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+ </script></div></div></div><div class="pure-u-1 pure-u-md-1-4 fixed-search hidden_mid_and_down"><div id="sidebar"><script type="text/javascript" src="//cdn.staticaly.com/gh/npljy/npljy.github.io/main/js/search.min.js"></script><div class="widget"><div class="widget-search"><input class="search" type="radio" name="search" value="baidu" id="baidu" checked="checked"/><label class="label" for="baidu" title="百度全站搜索">百度</label><input class="search" type="radio" name="search" value="google" id="google"/><label class="label" for="google" title="谷歌全站搜索">谷歌</label><input class="search" type="radio" name="search" value="self" id="self"/><label class="label" for="self" title="使用站内搜索">站内</label></div><div class="widget" id="search"><form class="search-form" action="//www.baidu.com/baidu" method="get" accept-charset="utf-8" target="_blank"><input type="search" name="word" maxlength="30" placeholder="百度全站搜索"/><input type="hidden" name="si" value="xuehuayu.cn"/><input type="hidden" name="cl" value="3"/><input type="hidden" name="ct" value="2097152"/><input type="hidden" name="s" value="on"/><input class="search-submit" type="submit" value=""/></form></div></div><script>$('input[type=radio][name=search]').change(function() {
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+ var val = $(this).val()
206
+ var self = '<div class="search-form"><input id="local-search-input" placeholder="站内搜索，首次慢" type="search" name="q" results="0"><input class="search-submit" type="submit" value=""/><div id="local-search-result"></div></div>'
207
+ var google = '<form class="search-form" action="//www.google.com/search" method="get" accept-charset="utf-8" target="_blank"><input type="search" name="q" maxlength="30" placeholder="谷歌全站搜索"><input type="hidden" name="sitesearch" value="xuehuayu.cn"><input class="search-submit" type="submit" value=""/></form>'
208
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+
210
+ if (val === 'self') {
211
+ $('#search').html(self)
212
+ var search_path = 'search.xml';
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+ if (search_path.length == 0) {
214
+ search_path = 'search.xml';
215
+ }
216
+ var path = 'https://cdn.staticaly.com/gh/npljy/npljy.github.io/main/' + search_path;
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+ searchFunc(path, 'local-search-input', 'local-search-result');
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+ } else if (val === 'baidu') {
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+ $('#search').html(baidu)
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+ } else if (val === 'google') {
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+ $('#search').html(google)
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+ }
223
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