cainiaoblog 23.2.171

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+ </script><script type="text/javascript" src="//cdn.staticaly.com/gh/npljy/npljy.github.io/main/js/fixedPage.min.js"></script><meta name="generator" content="Hexo 6.3.0"></head><body><div class="body_container"><div id="header"><div class="site-name"><a id="logo" href="/.">前端壹菜鸟</a><p class="description">关注前端知识，收集精彩博文，做技术的搬运工</p></div><div id="nav-menu"><a class="current" href="/." target="_self"><i class="fa fa-home"> 首页</i></a><a href="/archives/" target="_self"><i class="fa fa-archive"> 归档</i></a><a href="/guestbook/" target="_self"><i class="fa fa-comments"> 留言</i></a><a href="/about/" target="_self"><i class="fa fa-user"> 关于</i></a><a href="https://laonongmin.online/" target="_target"><i class="fa fa-group"> 看看</i></a><a href="https://love.xuehuayu.cn/" target="_target"><i class="fa fa-heart"> LOVE</i></a></div></div><div class="pure-g" id="layout"><div class="pure-u-1 pure-u-md-3-4"><div class="content_container"><div class="post"><h1 class="post-title c-post">TypeScript 3.7 来了，支持 Optional Chaining！</h1><div class="post-meta"><span class="date">2019-11-09</span><span> | </span><span class="tag"><a href="/tags/%E8%BD%AC%E8%BD%BD/">转载 </a></span><span> | </span><span class="category"><a href="/categories/%E8%B5%84%E8%AE%AF/">资讯 </a></span><span id="busuanzi_container_page_pv"> | <span id="busuanzi_value_page_pv"><i class="fa fa-spinner"></i></span><span> 阅读</span></span><span class="post-time"><span class="post-meta-item-text"> | </span><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="fa fa-keyboard-o"></i><span class="post-count"> 153</span><span class="post-meta-item-text"> 字</span></span></span><span class="post-time"> | <span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="fa fa-hourglass-half"></i><span class="post-count"> 1</span><span class="post-meta-item-text"> 分钟</span></span></span></div><a class="disqus-comment-count" href="/article/24826.html#vcomment"><span class="waline-comment-count" data-path="/article/24826.html"></span><span> 条评论</span></a><div class="post-content"><p>微软正式为开发者们带来了最新的 TypeScript 3.7 版本。在本版本中，TypeScript 支持了第 16 个 issue 中提到的 Optional Chaining。</p>
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+ <span id="more"></span>
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+ <p>当我们在写 TypeScript 时，如果遇到一个 null 或 undefined 的对象，它会停止后面的代码执行。例如：</p>
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+ <figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">let x = foo?.bar.baz();</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
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+
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+ <p>当 foo 被定义时，foo.bar.baz() 会被执行，但当 foo 为 null 或 undefined 时，会停止执行并返回 undefined。<br>更准确地说，该代码段执行结果与以下代码结果一致：</p>
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+ <figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">let x = (foo === null || foo === undefined) ?</span><br><span class="line"> undefined :</span><br><span class="line"> foo.bar.baz();</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
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+
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+ <p>关于 TypeScript 3.7 的更多特性，可查看 → <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://www.typescriptlang.org/docs/handbook/release-notes/typescript-3-7.html">Release Notes</a></p>
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+ </script><script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=UA-150860401-1"></script><script>window.dataLayer=window.dataLayer||[];function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);};gtag('js',new Date());gtag('config','UA-150860401-1');
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+ </script><script type="text/javascript" src="//cdn.staticaly.com/gh/npljy/npljy.github.io/main/js/fixedPage.min.js"></script><meta name="generator" content="Hexo 6.3.0"></head><body><div class="body_container"><div id="header"><div class="site-name"><a id="logo" href="/.">前端壹菜鸟</a><p class="description">关注前端知识，收集精彩博文，做技术的搬运工</p></div><div id="nav-menu"><a class="current" href="/." target="_self"><i class="fa fa-home"> 首页</i></a><a href="/archives/" target="_self"><i class="fa fa-archive"> 归档</i></a><a href="/guestbook/" target="_self"><i class="fa fa-comments"> 留言</i></a><a href="/about/" target="_self"><i class="fa fa-user"> 关于</i></a><a href="https://laonongmin.online/" target="_target"><i class="fa fa-group"> 看看</i></a><a href="https://love.xuehuayu.cn/" target="_target"><i class="fa fa-heart"> LOVE</i></a></div></div><div class="pure-g" id="layout"><div class="pure-u-1 pure-u-md-3-4"><div class="content_container"><div class="post"><h1 class="post-title c-post">嗨，你真的懂this吗？</h1><div class="post-meta"><span class="date">2019-09-29</span><span> | </span><span class="tag"><a href="/tags/%E8%BD%AC%E8%BD%BD/">转载 </a></span><span> | </span><span class="category"><a href="/categories/%E5%89%8D%E7%AB%AF/">前端 </a></span><span id="busuanzi_container_page_pv"> | <span id="busuanzi_value_page_pv"><i class="fa fa-spinner"></i></span><span> 阅读</span></span><span class="post-time"><span class="post-meta-item-text"> | </span><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="fa fa-keyboard-o"></i><span class="post-count"> 4.4k</span><span class="post-meta-item-text"> 字</span></span></span><span class="post-time"> | <span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="fa fa-hourglass-half"></i><span class="post-count"> 17</span><span class="post-meta-item-text"> 分钟</span></span></span></div><a class="disqus-comment-count" href="/article/24924.html#vcomment"><span class="waline-comment-count" data-path="/article/24924.html"></span><span> 条评论</span></a><div class="post-content"><p><code>原文地址：https://github.com/YvetteLau/Blog/issues/6</code><br>this关键字是JavaScript中最复杂的机制之一，是一个特别的关键字，被自动定义在所有函数的作用域中，但是相信很多JavaScript开发者并不是非常清楚它究竟指向的是什么。听说你很懂this,是真的吗？</p>
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+ <span id="more"></span>
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+
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+ <p>请先回答第一个问题：如何准确判断this指向的是什么？【面试的高频问题】</p>
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+ <p>——————————————————————————————————————————————</p>
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+ <p>【图片来源于网络，侵删】</p>
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+ <p>再看一道题，控制台打印出来的值是什么？【浏览器运行环境】</p>
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+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> number =<span class="number">5</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> obj = &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">number</span>:<span class="number">3</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">fn1</span>: (<span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params"></span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">var</span> number;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">this</span>.<span class="property">number</span>*=<span class="number">2</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> number = number *<span class="number">2</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> number =<span class="number">3</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span><span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params"></span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">var</span> num =<span class="variable language_">this</span>.<span class="property">number</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">this</span>.<span class="property">number</span>*=<span class="number">2</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(num);</span><br><span class="line"> number *=<span class="number">3</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(number);</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;)()</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> fn1 =obj.<span class="property">fn1</span>;</span><br><span class="line">fn1.<span class="title function_">call</span>(<span class="literal">null</span>);</span><br><span class="line">obj.<span class="title function_">fn1</span>();</span><br><span class="line"><span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="variable language_">window</span>.<span class="property">number</span>);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
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+
29
+ <p>如果你思考出来的结果，与在浏览中执行结果相同，并且每一步的依据都非常清楚，那么，你可以选择继续往下阅读，或者关闭本网页，愉快得去玩耍。如果你有一部分是靠蒙的，或者对自己的答案并不那么确定，那么请继续往下阅读。</p>
30
+ <p>毕竟花一两个小时的时间，把this彻底搞明白，是一件很值得事情，不是吗？</p>
31
+ <p>本文将细致得讲解this的绑定规则，并在最后剖析前文两道题。</p>
32
+ <h2 id="为什么要学习this"><a href="#为什么要学习this" class="headerlink" title="为什么要学习this?"></a>为什么要学习this?</h2><p>首先，我们为什么要学习this？</p>
33
+ <ol>
34
+ <li>this使用频率很高，如果我们不懂this，那么在看别人的代码或者是源码的时候，就会很吃力。</li>
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+ <li>工作中，滥用this，却没明白this指向的是什么，而导致出现问题，但是自己却不知道哪里出问题了。【在公司，我至少帮10个以上的开发人员处理过这个问题】</li>
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+ <li>合理的使用this，可以让我们写出简洁且复用性高的代码。</li>
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+ <li>面试的高频问题，回答不好，抱歉，出门右拐，不送。</li>
38
+ </ol>
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+ <p>不管出于什么目的，我们都需要把this这个知识点整的明明白白的。</p>
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+ <p>OK，Let’s go!</p>
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+ <h2 id="this是什么？"><a href="#this是什么？" class="headerlink" title="this是什么？"></a>this是什么？</h2><p>言归正传，this是什么？首先记住this不是指向自身！this 就是一个指针，指向调用函数的对象。这句话我们都知道，但是很多时候，我们未必能够准确判断出this究竟指向的是什么？这就好像我们听过很多道理 却依然过不好这一生。今天咱们不探讨如何过好一生的问题，但是呢，希望阅读完下面的内容之后，你能够一眼就看出this指向的是什么。</p>
42
+ <p>为了能够一眼看出this指向的是什么，我们首先需要知道this的绑定规则有哪些？</p>
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+ <ol>
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+ <li>默认绑定</li>
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+ <li>隐式绑定</li>
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+ <li>硬绑定</li>
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+ <li>new绑定</li>
48
+ </ol>
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+ <p>上面的名词，你也许听过，也许没听过，但是今天之后，请牢牢记住。我们将依次来进行解析。</p>
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+ <h3 id="默认绑定"><a href="#默认绑定" class="headerlink" title="默认绑定"></a>默认绑定</h3><p>默认绑定，在不能应用其它绑定规则时使用的默认规则，通常是独立函数调用。</p>
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+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="title function_">functionsayHi</span>()&#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;Hello,&#x27;</span>, <span class="variable language_">this</span>.<span class="property">name</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> name =<span class="string">&#x27;YvetteLau&#x27;</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="title function_">sayHi</span>();</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
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+
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+ <p>在调用Hi()时，应用了默认绑定，this指向全局对象（非严格模式下），严格模式下，this指向undefined，undefined上没有this对象，会抛出错误。</p>
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+ <p>上面的代码，如果在浏览器环境中运行，那么结果就是 Hello,YvetteLau</p>
55
+ <p>但是如果在node环境中运行，结果就是 Hello,undefined.这是因为node中name并不是挂在全局对象上的。</p>
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+ <p>本文中，如不特殊说明，默认为浏览器环境执行结果。</p>
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+ <h3 id="隐式绑定"><a href="#隐式绑定" class="headerlink" title="隐式绑定"></a>隐式绑定</h3><p>函数的调用是在某个对象上触发的，即调用位置上存在上下文对象。典型的形式为 XXX.fun().我们来看一段代码：</p>
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+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">function</span> <span class="title function_">sayHi</span>(<span class="params"></span>)&#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;Hello,&#x27;</span>, <span class="variable language_">this</span>.<span class="property">name</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> person = &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">name</span>: <span class="string">&#x27;YvetteLau&#x27;</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">sayHi</span>: sayHi</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> name = <span class="string">&#x27;Wiliam&#x27;</span>;</span><br><span class="line">person.<span class="title function_">sayHi</span>();</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
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+
60
+ <p>打印的结果是 Hello,YvetteLau.</p>
61
+ <p>sayHi函数声明在外部，严格来说并不属于person，但是在调用sayHi时,调用位置会使用person的上下文来引用函数，隐式绑定会把函数调用中的this(即此例sayHi函数中的this)绑定到这个上下文对象（即此例中的person）</p>
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+ <p>需要注意的是：对象属性链中只有最后一层会影响到调用位置。</p>
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+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">function</span> <span class="title function_">sayHi</span>(<span class="params"></span>)&#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;Hello,&#x27;</span>, <span class="variable language_">this</span>.<span class="property">name</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> person2 = &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">name</span>: <span class="string">&#x27;Christina&#x27;</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">sayHi</span>: sayHi</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> person1 = &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">name</span>: <span class="string">&#x27;YvetteLau&#x27;</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">friend</span>: person2</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line">person1.<span class="property">friend</span>.<span class="title function_">sayHi</span>();</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
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+
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+ <p>结果是：Hello, Christina.</p>
66
+ <p>因为只有最后一层会确定this指向的是什么，不管有多少层，在判断this的时候，我们只关注最后一层，即此处的friend。</p>
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+ <p>隐式绑定有一个大陷阱，绑定很容易丢失(或者说容易给我们造成误导，我们以为this指向的是什么，但是实际上并非如此).</p>
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+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="title function_">functionsayHi</span>()&#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;Hello,&#x27;</span>, <span class="variable language_">this</span>.<span class="property">name</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> person = &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">name</span>:<span class="string">&#x27;YvetteLau&#x27;</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">sayHi</span>: sayHi</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> name =<span class="string">&#x27;Wiliam&#x27;</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> <span class="title class_">Hi</span> =person.<span class="property">sayHi</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="title class_">Hi</span>();</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
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+
70
+ <p>结果是: Hello,Wiliam.</p>
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+ <p>这是为什么呢，Hi直接指向了sayHi的引用，在调用的时候，跟person没有半毛钱的关系，针对此类问题，我建议大家只需牢牢继续这个格式:XXX.fn();fn()前如果什么都没有，那么肯定不是隐式绑定，但是也不一定就是默认绑定，这里有点小疑问，我们后来会说到。</p>
72
+ <p>除了上面这种丢失之外，隐式绑定的丢失是发生在回调函数中(事件回调也是其中一种)，我们来看下面一个例子:</p>
73
+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="title function_">functionsayHi</span>()&#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;Hello,&#x27;</span>, <span class="variable language_">this</span>.<span class="property">name</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> person1 = &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">name</span>:<span class="string">&#x27;YvetteLau&#x27;</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">sayHi</span>:<span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>)&#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">setTimeout</span>(<span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>)&#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;Hello,&#x27;</span>,<span class="variable language_">this</span>.<span class="property">name</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;)</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> person2 = &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">name</span>:<span class="string">&#x27;Christina&#x27;</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">sayHi</span>: sayHi</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> name=<span class="string">&#x27;Wiliam&#x27;</span>;</span><br><span class="line">person1.<span class="title function_">sayHi</span>();</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">setTimeout</span>(person2.<span class="property">sayHi</span>,<span class="number">100</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">setTimeout</span>(<span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>)&#123;</span><br><span class="line"> person2.<span class="title function_">sayHi</span>();</span><br><span class="line">&#125;,<span class="number">200</span>);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
74
+
75
+ <p>结果为:</p>
76
+ <pre><code>Hello, Wiliam
77
+ Hello, Wiliam
78
+ Hello, Christina
79
+ </code></pre>
80
+ <ul>
81
+ <li><p>第一条输出很容易理解，setTimeout的回调函数中，this使用的是默认绑定，非严格模式下，执行的是全局对象</p>
82
+ </li>
83
+ <li><p>第二条输出是不是有点迷惑了？说好XXX.fun()的时候，fun中的this指向的是XXX呢，为什么这次却不是这样了！Why?</p>
84
+ </li>
85
+ </ul>
86
+ <p>其实这里我们可以这样理解: setTimeout(fn,delay){ fn(); },相当于是将person2.sayHi赋值给了一个变量，最后执行了变量，这个时候，sayHi中的this显然和person2就没有关系了。</p>
87
+ <ul>
88
+ <li>第三条虽然也是在setTimeout的回调中，但是我们可以看出，这是执行的是person2.sayHi()使用的是隐式绑定，因此这是this指向的是person2，跟当前的作用域没有任何关系。</li>
89
+ </ul>
90
+ <p>读到这里，也许你已经有点疲倦了，但是答应我，别放弃，好吗？再坚持一下，就可以掌握这个知识点了。</p>
91
+ <p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://camo.githubusercontent.com/3076f0687819eb9873bd58af411e1f067b4e097c/68747470733a2f2f7373302e62647374617469632e636f6d2f37306346764853685f5131596e78476b706f574b314846366868792f69742f753d323537363435393738352c34373035313334343726666d3d32362667703d302e6a7067"><img src="https://camo.githubusercontent.com/3076f0687819eb9873bd58af411e1f067b4e097c/68747470733a2f2f7373302e62647374617469632e636f6d2f37306346764853685f5131596e78476b706f574b314846366868792f69742f753d323537363435393738352c34373035313334343726666d3d32362667703d302e6a7067" alt="xuehuayu.cn"></a></p>
92
+ <h3 id="显式绑定"><a href="#显式绑定" class="headerlink" title="显式绑定"></a>显式绑定</h3><p>显式绑定比较好理解，就是通过call,apply,bind的方式，显式的指定this所指向的对象。(注意:《你不知道的Javascript》中将bind单独作为了硬绑定讲解了)</p>
93
+ <p>call,apply和bind的第一个参数，就是对应函数的this所指向的对象。call和apply的作用一样，只是传参方式不同。call和apply都会执行对应的函数，而bind方法不会。</p>
94
+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="title function_">functionsayHi</span>()&#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;Hello,&#x27;</span>, <span class="variable language_">this</span>.<span class="property">name</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> person = &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">name</span>:<span class="string">&#x27;YvetteLau&#x27;</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">sayHi</span>: sayHi</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> name =<span class="string">&#x27;Wiliam&#x27;</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> <span class="title class_">Hi</span> =person.<span class="property">sayHi</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="title class_">Hi</span>.<span class="title function_">call</span>(person); <span class="comment">//Hi.apply(person)</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
95
+
96
+ <p>输出的结果为: Hello, YvetteLau. 因为使用硬绑定明确将this绑定在了person上。</p>
97
+ <p>那么，使用了硬绑定，是不是意味着不会出现隐式绑定所遇到的绑定丢失呢？显然不是这样的，不信，继续往下看。</p>
98
+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="title function_">functionsayHi</span>()&#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;Hello,&#x27;</span>, <span class="variable language_">this</span>.<span class="property">name</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> person = &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">name</span>:<span class="string">&#x27;YvetteLau&#x27;</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">sayHi</span>: sayHi</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> name =<span class="string">&#x27;Wiliam&#x27;</span>;</span><br><span class="line">varHi=<span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params">fn</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="title function_">fn</span>();</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="title class_">Hi</span>.<span class="title function_">call</span>(person, person.<span class="property">sayHi</span>); </span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
99
+
100
+ <p>输出的结果是 Hello, Wiliam. 原因很简单，Hi.call(person, person.sayHi)的确是将this绑定到Hi中的this了。但是在执行fn的时候，相当于直接调用了sayHi方法(记住: person.sayHi已经被赋值给fn了，隐式绑定也丢了)，没有指定this的值，对应的是默认绑定。</p>
101
+ <p>现在，我们希望绑定不会丢失，要怎么做？很简单，调用fn的时候，也给它硬绑定。</p>
102
+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="title function_">functionsayHi</span>()&#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;Hello,&#x27;</span>, <span class="variable language_">this</span>.<span class="property">name</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> person = &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">name</span>:<span class="string">&#x27;YvetteLau&#x27;</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">sayHi</span>: sayHi</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> name =<span class="string">&#x27;Wiliam&#x27;</span>;</span><br><span class="line">varHi=<span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params">fn</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> fn.<span class="title function_">call</span>(<span class="variable language_">this</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="title class_">Hi</span>.<span class="title function_">call</span>(person, person.<span class="property">sayHi</span>);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
103
+
104
+ <p>此时，输出的结果为: Hello, YvetteLau，因为person被绑定到Hi函数中的this上，fn又将这个对象绑定给了sayHi的函数。这时，sayHi中的this指向的就是person对象。</p>
105
+ <p>至此，革命已经快胜利了，我们来看最后一种绑定规则: new 绑定。</p>
106
+ <h3 id="new-绑定"><a href="#new-绑定" class="headerlink" title="new 绑定"></a>new 绑定</h3><p>javaScript和Ｃ＋＋不一样，并没有类，在javaScript中，构造函数只是使用new操作符时被调用的函数，这些函数和普通的函数并没有什么不同，它不属于某个类，也不可能实例化出一个类。任何一个函数都可以使用new来调用，因此其实并不存在构造函数，而只有对于函数的“构造调用”。</p>
107
+ <blockquote>
108
+ <p>使用new来调用函数，会自动执行下面的操作：</p>
109
+ </blockquote>
110
+ <ol>
111
+ <li>创建一个新对象</li>
112
+ <li>将构造函数的作用域赋值给新对象，即this指向这个新对象</li>
113
+ <li>执行构造函数中的代码</li>
114
+ <li>返回新对象</li>
115
+ </ol>
116
+ <p>因此，我们使用new来调用函数的时候，就会新对象绑定到这个函数的this上。</p>
117
+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="title function_">functionsayHi</span>(name)&#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">this</span>.<span class="property">name</span>= name;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> <span class="title class_">Hi</span> =<span class="title function_">newsayHi</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;Yevtte&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;Hello,&#x27;</span>, <span class="title class_">Hi</span>.<span class="property">name</span>);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
118
+
119
+ <p>输出结果为 Hello, Yevtte, 原因是因为在var Hi &#x3D; new sayHi(‘Yevtte’);这一步，会将sayHi中的this绑定到Hi对象上。</p>
120
+ <h3 id="绑定优先级"><a href="#绑定优先级" class="headerlink" title="绑定优先级"></a>绑定优先级</h3><p>我们知道了this有四种绑定规则，但是如果同时应用了多种规则，怎么办？</p>
121
+ <p>显然，我们需要了解哪一种绑定方式的优先级更高，这四种绑定的优先级为:</p>
122
+ <p>new绑定 &gt; 显式绑定 &gt; 隐式绑定 &gt; 默认绑定</p>
123
+ <p>这个规则时如何得到的，大家如果有兴趣，可以自己写个demo去测试，或者记住上面的结论即可。</p>
124
+ <h3 id="绑定例外"><a href="#绑定例外" class="headerlink" title="绑定例外"></a>绑定例外</h3><p>凡事都有例外，this的规则也是这样。</p>
125
+ <p>如果我们将null或者是undefined作为this的绑定对象传入call、apply或者是bind,这些值在调用时会被忽略，实际应用的是默认绑定规则。</p>
126
+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> foo = &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">name</span>:<span class="string">&#x27;Selina&#x27;</span></span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> name =<span class="string">&#x27;Chirs&#x27;</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="title function_">functionbar</span>() &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="variable language_">this</span>.<span class="property">name</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line">bar.<span class="title function_">call</span>(<span class="literal">null</span>); <span class="comment">//Chirs </span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
127
+
128
+ <p>输出的结果是 Chirs，因为这时实际应用的是默认绑定规则。</p>
129
+ <h3 id="箭头函数"><a href="#箭头函数" class="headerlink" title="箭头函数"></a>箭头函数</h3><p>箭头函数是ES6中新增的，它和普通函数有一些区别，箭头函数没有自己的this，它的this继承于外层代码库中的this。箭头函数在使用时，需要注意以下几点:</p>
130
+ <p>（1）函数体内的this对象，继承的是外层代码块的this。</p>
131
+ <p>（2）不可以当作构造函数，也就是说，不可以使用new命令，否则会抛出一个错误。</p>
132
+ <p>（3）不可以使用arguments对象，该对象在函数体内不存在。如果要用，可以用 rest 参数代替。</p>
133
+ <p>（4）不可以使用yield命令，因此箭头函数不能用作 Generator 函数。</p>
134
+ <p>（5）箭头函数没有自己的this，所以不能用call()、apply()、bind()这些方法去改变this的指向.</p>
135
+ <p>OK，我们来看看箭头函数的this是什么？</p>
136
+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> obj = &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">hi</span>:<span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>)&#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="variable language_">this</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="function">()=&gt;</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="variable language_">this</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">sayHi</span>:<span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>)&#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="title function_">returnfunction</span>(<span class="params"></span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="variable language_">this</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="function">()=&gt;</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="variable language_">this</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">say</span>: <span class="function">()=&gt;</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="variable language_">this</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">let</span> hi =obj.<span class="title function_">hi</span>(); <span class="comment">//输出obj对象hi(); //输出obj对象let sayHi =obj.sayHi();</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">let</span> fun1 =<span class="title function_">sayHi</span>(); <span class="comment">//输出windowfun1(); //输出windowobj.say(); //输出window</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
137
+
138
+ <p>那么这是为什么呢？如果大家说箭头函数中的this是定义时所在的对象，这样的结果显示不是大家预期的，按照这个定义，say中的this应该是obj才对。</p>
139
+ <p>我们来分析一下上面的执行结果：</p>
140
+ <ol>
141
+ <li>obj.hi(); 对应了this的隐式绑定规则，this绑定在obj上，所以输出obj，很好理解。</li>
142
+ <li>hi(); 这一步执行的就是箭头函数，箭头函数继承上一个代码库的this，刚刚我们得出上一层的this是obj，显然这里的this就是obj.</li>
143
+ <li>执行sayHi();这一步也很好理解，我们前面说过这种隐式绑定丢失的情况，这个时候this执行的是默认绑定，this指向的是全局对象window.</li>
144
+ <li>fun1(); 这一步执行的是箭头函数，如果按照之前的理解，this指向的是箭头函数定义时所在的对象，那么这儿显然是说不通。OK，按照箭头函数的this是继承于外层代码库的this就很好理解了。外层代码库我们刚刚分析了，this指向的是window，因此这儿的输出结果是window.</li>
145
+ <li>obj.say(); 执行的是箭头函数，当前的代码块obj中是不存在this的，只能往上找，就找到了全局的this，指向的是window.</li>
146
+ </ol>
147
+ <h3 id="你说箭头函数的this是静态的？"><a href="#你说箭头函数的this是静态的？" class="headerlink" title="你说箭头函数的this是静态的？"></a>你说箭头函数的this是静态的？</h3><p>依旧是前面的代码。我们来看看箭头函数中的this真的是静态的吗？</p>
148
+ <p><strong>我要说：非也</strong></p>
149
+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> obj = &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">hi</span>:<span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>)&#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="variable language_">this</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="function">()=&gt;</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="variable language_">this</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">sayHi</span>:<span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>)&#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="title function_">returnfunction</span>(<span class="params"></span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="variable language_">this</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="function">()=&gt;</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="variable language_">this</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">say</span>: <span class="function">()=&gt;</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="variable language_">this</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">let</span> sayHi =obj.<span class="title function_">sayHi</span>();</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">let</span> fun1 =<span class="title function_">sayHi</span>(); <span class="comment">//输出windowfun1(); //输出windowlet fun2 =sayHi.bind(obj)();//输出objfun2(); //输出obj</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
150
+
151
+ <p>可以看出，fun1和fun2对应的是同样的箭头函数，但是this的输出结果是不一样的。</p>
152
+ <p>所以，请大家牢牢记住一点: 箭头函数没有自己的this，箭头函数中的this继承于外层代码库中的this.</p>
153
+ <h2 id="总结"><a href="#总结" class="headerlink" title="总结"></a>总结</h2><p>关于this的规则，至此，就告一段落了，但是想要一眼就能看出this所绑定的对象，还需要不断的训练。</p>
154
+ <p>我们来回顾一下，最初的问题。</p>
155
+ <blockquote>
156
+ <h4 id="1-如何准确判断this指向的是什么？"><a href="#1-如何准确判断this指向的是什么？" class="headerlink" title="1. 如何准确判断this指向的是什么？"></a>1. 如何准确判断this指向的是什么？</h4></blockquote>
157
+ <ol>
158
+ <li>函数是否在new中调用(new绑定)，如果是，那么this绑定的是新创建的对象。</li>
159
+ <li>函数是否通过call,apply调用，或者使用了bind(即硬绑定)，如果是，那么this绑定的就是指定的对象。</li>
160
+ <li>函数是否在某个上下文对象中调用(隐式绑定)，如果是的话，this绑定的是那个上下文对象。一般是obj.foo()</li>
161
+ <li>如果以上都不是，那么使用默认绑定。如果在严格模式下，则绑定到undefined，否则绑定到全局对象。</li>
162
+ <li>如果把Null或者undefined作为this的绑定对象传入call、apply或者bind，这些值在调用时会被忽略，实际应用的是默认绑定规则。</li>
163
+ <li>如果是箭头函数，箭头函数的this继承的是外层代码块的this。</li>
164
+ </ol>
165
+ <blockquote>
166
+ <h4 id="2-执行过程解析"><a href="#2-执行过程解析" class="headerlink" title="2. 执行过程解析"></a>2. 执行过程解析</h4></blockquote>
167
+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> number = <span class="number">5</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> obj = &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">number</span>: <span class="number">3</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">fn</span>: (<span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params"></span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">var</span> number;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">this</span>.<span class="property">number</span> *= <span class="number">2</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> number = number * <span class="number">2</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> number = <span class="number">3</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params"></span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">var</span> num = <span class="variable language_">this</span>.<span class="property">number</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">this</span>.<span class="property">number</span> *= <span class="number">2</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(num);</span><br><span class="line"> number *= <span class="number">3</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(number);</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;)()</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> myFun = obj.<span class="property">fn</span>;</span><br><span class="line">myFun.<span class="title function_">call</span>(<span class="literal">null</span>);</span><br><span class="line">obj.<span class="title function_">fn</span>();</span><br><span class="line"><span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="variable language_">window</span>.<span class="property">number</span>);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
168
+
169
+ <p>我们来分析一下，这段代码的执行过程。</p>
170
+ <ol>
171
+ <li><p>在定义obj的时候，fn对应的闭包就执行了，返回其中的函数，执行闭包中代码时，显然应用不了new绑定(没有出现new 关键字)，硬绑定也没有(没有出现call,apply,bind关键字),隐式绑定有没有？很显然没有，如果没有XX.fn()，那么可以肯定没有应用隐式绑定，所以这里应用的就是默认绑定了，非严格模式下this绑定到了window上(浏览器执行环境)。【这里很容易被迷惑的就是以为this指向的是obj，一定要注意，除非是箭头函数，否则this跟词法作用域是两回事，一定要牢记在心】</p>
172
+ <p> window.number*&#x3D;2; &#x2F;&#x2F;window.number的值是10(var number定义的全局变量是挂在window上的)</p>
173
+ <p> number &#x3D; number *2; &#x2F;&#x2F;number的值是NaN;注意我们这边定义了一个number，但是没有赋值，number的值是undefined;Number(undefined)-&gt;NaN</p>
174
+ <p> number &#x3D;3; &#x2F;&#x2F;number的值为3</p>
175
+ </li>
176
+ <li><p>myFun.call(null);我们前面说了，call的第一个参数传null，调用的是默认绑定;</p>
177
+ </li>
178
+ </ol>
179
+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="attr">fn</span>:<span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>)&#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">var</span> num =<span class="variable language_">this</span>.<span class="property">number</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">this</span>.<span class="property">number</span>*=<span class="number">2</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(num);</span><br><span class="line"> number *=<span class="number">3</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(number);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
180
+
181
+ <p>执行时:</p>
182
+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> num =<span class="variable language_">this</span>.<span class="property">number</span>; <span class="comment">//num=10; 此时this指向的是windowthis.number*=2; //window.number = 20console.log(num); //输出结果为10</span></span><br><span class="line">number *=<span class="number">3</span>; <span class="comment">//number=9; 这个number对应的闭包中的number;闭包中的number的是3console.log(number); //输出的结果是9</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
183
+
184
+ <ol>
185
+ <li>obj.fn();应用了隐式绑定，fn中的this对应的是obj.</li>
186
+ </ol>
187
+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> num =<span class="variable language_">this</span>.<span class="property">number</span>;<span class="comment">//num = 3;此时this指向的是objthis.number*=2; //obj.number = 6;console.log(num); //输出结果为3;</span></span><br><span class="line">number *=<span class="number">3</span>; <span class="comment">//number=27;这个number对应的闭包中的number;闭包中的number的此时是9console.log(number);//输出的结果是27</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
188
+
189
+ <ol>
190
+ <li>最后一步console.log(window.number);输出的结果是20</li>
191
+ </ol>
192
+ <p>因此组中结果为:</p>
193
+ <figure class="highlight txt"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
194
+
195
+ <p>严格模式下结果，大家根据今天所学，自己分析，巩固一下知识点。</p>
196
+ <p>最后，恭喜坚持读完的小伙伴们，你们成功get到了this这个知识点，但是想要完全掌握，还是要多回顾和练习。如果你有不错的this练习题，欢迎在评论区留言哦，大家一起进步！</p>
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