cainiaoblog 23.2.171

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+ </script><script type="text/javascript" src="//cdn.staticaly.com/gh/npljy/npljy.github.io/main/js/fixedPage.min.js"></script><meta name="generator" content="Hexo 6.3.0"></head><body><div class="body_container"><div id="header"><div class="site-name"><a id="logo" href="/.">前端壹菜鸟</a><p class="description">关注前端知识，收集精彩博文，做技术的搬运工</p></div><div id="nav-menu"><a class="current" href="/." target="_self"><i class="fa fa-home"> 首页</i></a><a href="/archives/" target="_self"><i class="fa fa-archive"> 归档</i></a><a href="/guestbook/" target="_self"><i class="fa fa-comments"> 留言</i></a><a href="/about/" target="_self"><i class="fa fa-user"> 关于</i></a><a href="https://laonongmin.online/" target="_target"><i class="fa fa-group"> 看看</i></a><a href="https://love.xuehuayu.cn/" target="_target"><i class="fa fa-heart"> LOVE</i></a></div></div><div class="pure-g" id="layout"><div class="pure-u-1 pure-u-md-3-4"><div class="content_container"><div class="post"><h1 class="post-title c-post">Node新版本13.2.0正式支持ES Modules特性</h1><div class="post-meta"><span class="date">2019-12-02</span><span> | </span><span class="tag"><a href="/tags/%E8%BD%AC%E8%BD%BD/">转载 </a></span><span> | </span><span class="category"><a href="/categories/%E5%89%8D%E7%AB%AF/">前端 </a></span><span id="busuanzi_container_page_pv"> | <span id="busuanzi_value_page_pv"><i class="fa fa-spinner"></i></span><span> 阅读</span></span><span class="post-time"><span class="post-meta-item-text"> | </span><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="fa fa-keyboard-o"></i><span class="post-count"> 896</span><span class="post-meta-item-text"> 字</span></span></span><span class="post-time"> | <span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="fa fa-hourglass-half"></i><span class="post-count"> 3</span><span class="post-meta-item-text"> 分钟</span></span></span></div><a class="disqus-comment-count" href="/article/34431.html#vcomment"><span class="waline-comment-count" data-path="/article/34431.html"></span><span> 条评论</span></a><div class="post-content"><p><code>原文地址：https://juejin.im/post/5ddb2e2d6fb9a07ab12c7546</code></p>
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+ <span id="more"></span>
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+ <p>在本月 21 日，即2019.11.21，Node.js 发布了 13.2.0 版本，更新了一些特性。其中最令人兴奋的莫过于正式取消了 <code>--experimental-modules</code> 启动参数。这说明Node.js 正式支持 ES modules。我们一起来看看。</p>
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+ <h3 id="Stability-Index说明"><a href="#Stability-Index说明" class="headerlink" title="Stability Index说明"></a>Stability Index说明</h3><p>Stability Index，即 Api 的稳定指数说明。它包括3个值：</p>
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+ <ol>
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+ <li>Stability: 0 ,不推荐使用。表示该Api官方不推荐使用，该功能可能会发出警告。不能保证向后兼容。</li>
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+ <li>Stability: 1，实验性的。表示该Api已经支持使用性使用。但是在将来的任何发行版中都可能发生非向后兼容的更改或删除。不建议在生产环境中使用该功能。</li>
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+ </ol>
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+ <ul>
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+ <li>Stability: 2，稳定版。表示已经试验完成，基本不会再发生改动，可以再生产环境中使用。</li>
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+ </ul>
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+ <h3 id="Unflag-–experimental-modules"><a href="#Unflag-–experimental-modules" class="headerlink" title="Unflag –experimental-modules"></a>Unflag –experimental-modules</h3><p>在 13.2.0的版本中，node 默认情况下会启用对ECMAScript模块的实验支持，也就是不需要启动参数了。那么nodejs是如何区分 esm 和 commonjs 的呢？这里翻译一下官方文档。</p>
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+ <p>Node.js会将把以下内容视为ES模块：</p>
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+ <ul>
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+ <li>文件后缀为<code>.mjs</code></li>
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+ <li>当文件后缀为<code>.js</code>，或者无文件后缀时，看其package.json文件，<code>package.json 中 type 字段值为 &quot;module&quot;</code></li>
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+ <li>启动参数添加 —-input-type&#x3D;module</li>
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+ <li>使用传递字符参数给<code>--eval</code>，如<code>$ node --eval &#39;import(&quot;http&quot;);</code></li>
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+ </ul>
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+ <p>其他情况下，都会被识别为 commonjs。现在node已经支持esm和commonjs了，我们在使用的时候，最好还是指定一下模块。</p>
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+ <h3 id="举个例子🌰"><a href="#举个例子🌰" class="headerlink" title="举个例子🌰"></a>举个例子🌰</h3><pre><code>import&#39;./legacy-file.cjs&#39;;
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+ // Loaded as CommonJS since .cjs is always loaded as CommonJS.import&#39;commonjs-package/src/index.mjs&#39;;
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+ // Loaded as ES module since .mjs is always loaded as ES module.复制代码
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+ </code></pre>
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+ <p>这种情况，根据文件后缀按不同模块处理。</p>
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+ <pre><code>// package.json
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+ &#123;
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+ &quot;type&quot;: &quot;module&quot;
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+ &#125;
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+ 复制代码
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+ </code></pre>
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+ <p>当前目录下，或者上级目录中的<code>package.json</code>含有<code>&quot;type&quot;: &quot;module&quot;</code>时，该模块会被当作ES Module。</p>
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+ <pre><code>// my-app.js, in an ES module package scope because there is a package.json// file in the same folder with &quot;type&quot;: &quot;module&quot;.import&#39;./startup/init.js&#39;;
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+ // Loaded as ES module since ./startup contains no package.json file,// and therefore inherits the ES module package scope from one level up.import&#39;commonjs-package&#39;;
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+ // Loaded as CommonJS since ./node_modules/commonjs-package/package.json// lacks a &quot;type&quot; field or contains &quot;type&quot;: &quot;commonjs&quot;.import&#39;./node_modules/commonjs-package/index.js&#39;;
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+ // Loaded as CommonJS since ./node_modules/commonjs-package/package.json// lacks a &quot;type&quot; field or contains &quot;type&quot;: &quot;commonjs&quot;.复制代码
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+ </code></pre>
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+ <p>如上图注释所示，如果当前文件目录不包含<code>package.json</code>，则会看其父级目录的<code>package.json</code>文件，然后判断type类型。</p>
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+ <pre><code>node --input-type=module --eval&quot;import &#123; sep &#125; from &#39;path&#39;; console.log(sep);&quot;
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+ echo &quot;import &#123; sep &#125; from &#39;path&#39;; console.log(sep);&quot; | node --input-type=module复制代码
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+ </code></pre>
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+ <p>这里就是使用传递字符参数给<code>--eval</code>，添加 <code>--input-type</code>启动参数的情况。</p>
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+ <h3 id="快速体验"><a href="#快速体验" class="headerlink" title="快速体验"></a>快速体验</h3><p>目前13.2.0版本的官方文档对ES Module的标记是 <code>Stability: 1</code>，你已经可以安装新版本来试验啦。相信在社区的共同努力下，很快就会进入 <code>Stability: 2</code> 正式稳定版了。</p>
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+ <p>本地开发的时候，经常需要快速更新或切换不同的node版本。可以使用 nvm、n 等方案，还有一个跨平台的本地管理方案就是 nvs。都可以选择使用，这里我举的例子，就是使用 nvs：</p>
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+ <pre><code>$ nvs add node/13.2.0
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+ $ nvs use 13.2.0
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+ $ node -v
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+ 13.2.0复制代码
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+ </code></pre>
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+ <p>赶紧尝试一下吧～</p>
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+ <!DOCTYPE html><html lang="zh-CN" data-dark><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=0" name="viewport"><meta content="yes" name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable"><meta content="black-translucent" name="apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style"><meta content="telephone=no" name="format-detection"><meta name="description" content="前端壹菜鸟，记录工作难题，关注前端知识，收集精彩博文，做技术的搬运工"><meta name="msvalidate.01" content="0FE4D8B3381D3D87088996B886E1E2BD"><title>解决Code 98: Valine 初始化失败，请检查 av-min.js 版本 | 前端壹菜鸟</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="//cdn.staticaly.com/gh/npljy/npljy.github.io/main/css/style.min.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="//cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/normalize.css@latest/normalize.min.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="//cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/purecss@latest/build/pure-min.min.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="//cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/purecss@latest/build/grids-responsive-min.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="//cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/font-awesome@4.7.0/css/font-awesome.min.css"><link rel="icon" mask="" sizes="any" href="//cdn.staticaly.com/gh/npljy/npljy.github.io/main/img/blog.ico"><link rel="Shortcut Icon" type="image/x-icon" href="//cdn.staticaly.com/gh/npljy/npljy.github.io/main/img/blog.ico"><link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="//cdn.staticaly.com/gh/npljy/npljy.github.io/main/img/blog.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" href="//cdn.staticaly.com/gh/npljy/npljy.github.io/main/img/blog.png"><link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" href="/atom.xml"><script type="text/javascript" src="//cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/jquery@latest/dist/jquery.min.js"></script><script async src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-8385136408348258"></script><script src="https://busuanzi.ibruce.info/busuanzi/2.3/busuanzi.pure.mini.js" async></script><script>(function(){
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+ <span id="more"></span>
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+ <p>，有啥问题欢迎留言一起讨论</p>
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+ <ol>
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+ <li>script引用：使用cdn引入最新版本，方法是 @^1 这样就会引用1版本的最新版本<br> <code>//cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/valine@^1/dist/Valine.min.js</code></li>
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+ <li>npm 同理安装最新版<br> <code>npm i -S valine@^1</code></li>
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+ </ol>
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+ </div><iframe src="/donate/?AliPayQR=https://store.xuehuayu.cn/store/public/alipay_qr.jpg&amp;WeChatQR=https://store.xuehuayu.cn/store/public/wechat_qr.png&amp;UnionPayQR=null&amp;GitHub=null&amp;BTCQR=null&amp;BTCKEY=null&amp;PayPal=https://www.paypal.com/paypalme/OrdinaryPerson" style="overflow-x:hidden; overflow-y:hidden; border:0xp none #fff; min-height:240px; width:100%;" frameborder="0" scrolling="no"></iframe><div><ul class="post-copyright"><li class="post-copyright-author"><strong>本文作者：</strong>雪花雨</li><li class="post-copyright-link"><strong>本文链接：</strong><a href="/article/3447.html">https://xuehuayu.cn/article/3447.html</a></li><li class="post-copyright-license"><strong>版权声明：</strong>① 标为原创的文章为博主原创，遵循 CC 4.0 BY-SA 版权协议，转载请附上原文出处链接。② 转载文章来自网络，已标明出处，<a href="mailto:cainiaoblog@126.com">侵删</a>。</li></ul></div><br><div class="tags"><a href="/tags/%E5%8E%9F%E5%88%9B/">原创</a></div><div class="post-nav"><a class="pre" href="/article/61319.html">react+electron受控组件自定义右键菜单复制粘贴</a><a class="next" href="/article/64869.html">react+electron检测网络断开和重新连接</a></div><div id="vcomment"></div><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@waline/client@v2/dist/waline.min.css"><script src="//cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@waline/client@v2/dist/waline.js"></script><script>const origin = window.location.origin
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+ const serverURL = origin.includes('cainiaoblog') ? 'https://cmts.cainiaoblog.cn' : 'https://cmts.xuehuayu.cn'
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+ const locale = {
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+ placeholder: '请正确填写昵称和邮箱，方便接收回复通知~',
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+ sofa: '沙发空缺中，还不快抢~',
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+ };
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+ Waline.init({
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+ el: '#vcomment',
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+ serverURL: serverURL,
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+ pageSize: '20',
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+ visitor: true, // 阅读量统计
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+ requiredMeta: ['nick', 'mail'],
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+ emoji: [
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+ 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/walinejs/emojis@1.0.0/weibo',
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+ 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/walinejs/emojis@1.0.0/qq',
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+ 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/walinejs/emojis@1.0.0/tw-emoji',
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+ pageview: true
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+ })
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+ var self = '<div class="search-form"><input id="local-search-input" placeholder="站内搜索，首次慢" type="search" name="q" results="0"><input class="search-submit" type="submit" value=""/><div id="local-search-result"></div></div>'
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+
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+ if (val === 'self') {
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+ $('#search').html(self)
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+ var search_path = 'search.xml';
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+ }
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+ var path = 'https://cdn.staticaly.com/gh/npljy/npljy.github.io/main/' + search_path;
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+ searchFunc(path, 'local-search-input', 'local-search-result');
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+ } else if (val === 'baidu') {
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+ $('#search').html(baidu)
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+ } else if (val === 'google') {
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+ $('#search').html(google)
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+ }
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+ </script><script type="text/javascript" src="//cdn.staticaly.com/gh/npljy/npljy.github.io/main/js/fixedPage.min.js"></script><meta name="generator" content="Hexo 6.3.0"></head><body><div class="body_container"><div id="header"><div class="site-name"><a id="logo" href="/.">前端壹菜鸟</a><p class="description">关注前端知识，收集精彩博文，做技术的搬运工</p></div><div id="nav-menu"><a class="current" href="/." target="_self"><i class="fa fa-home"> 首页</i></a><a href="/archives/" target="_self"><i class="fa fa-archive"> 归档</i></a><a href="/guestbook/" target="_self"><i class="fa fa-comments"> 留言</i></a><a href="/about/" target="_self"><i class="fa fa-user"> 关于</i></a><a href="https://laonongmin.online/" target="_target"><i class="fa fa-group"> 看看</i></a><a href="https://love.xuehuayu.cn/" target="_target"><i class="fa fa-heart"> LOVE</i></a></div></div><div class="pure-g" id="layout"><div class="pure-u-1 pure-u-md-3-4"><div class="content_container"><div class="post"><h1 class="post-title c-post">超详细JS的事件循环机制</h1><div class="post-meta"><span class="date">2020-03-28</span><span> | </span><span class="tag"><a href="/tags/%E8%BD%AC%E8%BD%BD/">转载 </a></span><span> | </span><span class="category"><a href="/categories/%E5%89%8D%E7%AB%AF/">前端 </a></span><span id="busuanzi_container_page_pv"> | <span id="busuanzi_value_page_pv"><i class="fa fa-spinner"></i></span><span> 阅读</span></span><span class="post-time"><span class="post-meta-item-text"> | </span><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="fa fa-keyboard-o"></i><span class="post-count"> 1.6k</span><span class="post-meta-item-text"> 字</span></span></span><span class="post-time"> | <span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="fa fa-hourglass-half"></i><span class="post-count"> 6</span><span class="post-meta-item-text"> 分钟</span></span></span></div><a class="disqus-comment-count" href="/article/34474.html#vcomment"><span class="waline-comment-count" data-path="/article/34474.html"></span><span> 条评论</span></a><div class="post-content"><p><code>原文地址：https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/G2L_9kj8ST0_HPG7yxd2lw</code><br>本题是面试常见题目，如果你知道了以下这2点，你可以关闭这个页面了。</p>
20
+ <ol>
21
+ <li>async&#x2F;await 执行顺序注意点是什么</li>
22
+ <li>事件循环机制整体流程是什么</li>
23
+ </ol>
24
+ <p>JavaScript代码的执行过程中，除了依靠函数调用栈来搞定函数的执行顺序外，还依靠任务队列(task queue)来搞定另外一些代码的执行。整个执行过程，我们称为事件循环过程。一个线程中，事件循环是唯一的，但是任务队列可以拥有多个。任务队列又分为macro-task（宏任务）与micro-task（微任务），在最新标准中，它们被分别称为task与jobs。</p>
25
+ <span id="more"></span>
26
+ <p>macro-task大概包括：</p>
27
+ <ul>
28
+ <li>script(整体代码)</li>
29
+ <li>setTimeout</li>
30
+ <li>setInterval</li>
31
+ <li>setImmediate</li>
32
+ <li>I&#x2F;O</li>
33
+ <li>UI render</li>
34
+ </ul>
35
+ <p>micro-task大概包括:</p>
36
+ <ul>
37
+ <li>process.nextTick</li>
38
+ <li>Promise</li>
39
+ <li>Async&#x2F;Await(实际就是promise)</li>
40
+ <li>MutationObserver(html5新特性)</li>
41
+ </ul>
42
+ <p>整体执行，我画了一个流程图：</p>
43
+ <p><img src="https://store.xuehuayu.cn/store/20200609/1.webp" alt="https://xuehuayu.cn"></p>
44
+ <p>总的结论就是，执行宏任务，然后执行该宏任务产生的微任务，若微任务在执行过程中产生了新的微任务，则继续执行微任务，微任务执行完毕后，再回到宏任务中进行下一轮循环。举个例子：</p>
45
+ <p><img src="https://store.xuehuayu.cn/store/20200609/2.webp" alt="https://xuehuayu.cn"></p>
46
+ <p>结合流程图理解，答案输出为：async2 end &#x3D;&gt; Promise &#x3D;&gt; async1 end &#x3D;&gt; promise1 &#x3D;&gt; promise2 &#x3D;&gt; setTimeout<br>但是，对于async&#x2F;await ，我们有个细节还要处理一下。如下：<br>本题回答亮点</p>
47
+ <p>async&#x2F;await执行顺序注意</p>
48
+ <p>我们知道<code>async</code>隐式返回 Promise 作为结果的函数,那么可以简单理解为，await后面的函数执行完毕时，await会产生一个微任务(Promise.then是微任务)。但是我们要注意这个微任务产生的时机，它是执行完await之后，直接跳出async函数，执行其他代码(此处就是协程的运作，A暂停执行，控制权交给B)。其他代码执行完毕后，再回到async函数去执行剩下的代码，然后把await后面的代码注册到微任务队列当中。我们来看个例子：</p>
49
+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;script start&#x27;</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">async</span> <span class="keyword">function</span> <span class="title function_">async1</span>(<span class="params"></span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">await</span> <span class="title function_">async2</span>()</span><br><span class="line"><span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;async1 end&#x27;</span>)</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">async</span> <span class="keyword">function</span> <span class="title function_">async2</span>(<span class="params"></span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;async2 end&#x27;</span>)</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="title function_">async1</span>()</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">setTimeout</span>(<span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;setTimeout&#x27;</span>)</span><br><span class="line">&#125;, <span class="number">0</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">Promise</span>(<span class="function"><span class="params">resolve</span> =&gt;</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;Promise&#x27;</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="title function_">resolve</span>()</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line">.<span class="title function_">then</span>(<span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;promise1&#x27;</span>)</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line">.<span class="title function_">then</span>(<span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;promise2&#x27;</span>)</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;script end&#x27;</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// script start =&gt; async2 end =&gt; Promise =&gt; script end =&gt; promise1 =&gt; promise2 =&gt; async1 end =&gt; setTimeout</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
50
+
51
+ <p>分析这段代码：</p>
52
+ <ul>
53
+ <li>执行代码，输出<code>script start</code>。</li>
54
+ <li>执行async1(),会调用async2(),然后输出<code>async2 end</code>,此时将会保留async1函数的上下文，然后跳出async1函数。</li>
55
+ <li>遇到setTimeout，产生一个宏任务</li>
56
+ <li>执行Promise，输出<code>Promise</code>。遇到then，产生第一个微任务</li>
57
+ <li>继续执行代码，输出<code>script end</code></li>
58
+ <li>代码逻辑执行完毕(当前宏任务执行完毕)，开始执行当前宏任务产生的微任务队列，输出<code>promise1</code>，该微任务遇到then，产生一个新的微任务</li>
59
+ <li>执行产生的微任务，输出<code>promise2</code>,当前微任务队列执行完毕。执行权回到async1</li>
60
+ <li>执行await,实际上会产生一个promise返回，即</li>
61
+ </ul>
62
+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">let</span> promise_ = <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">Promise</span>((resolve,reject)&#123; <span class="title function_">resolve</span>(<span class="literal">undefined</span>)&#125;)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
63
+
64
+ <p>执行完成，执行await后面的语句，输出<code>async1 end</code></p>
65
+ <ul>
66
+ <li>最后，执行下一个宏任务，即执行setTimeout，输出<code>setTimeout</code></li>
67
+ </ul>
68
+ <h4 id="注意"><a href="#注意" class="headerlink" title="注意"></a>注意</h4><p>新版的chrome浏览器中不是如上打印的，因为chrome优化了,await变得更快了,输出为:</p>
69
+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">// script start =&gt; async2 end =&gt; Promise =&gt; script end =&gt; async1 end =&gt; promise1 =&gt; promise2 =&gt; setTimeout</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
70
+
71
+ <p>但是这种做法其实是违法了规范的，当然规范也是可以更改的，这是 V8 团队的一个 PR ，目前新版打印已经修改。知乎上也有相关讨论,可以看看 <code>https://www.zhihu.com/question/268007969</code></p>
72
+ <p>所以我们可以分2种情况来理解：</p>
73
+ <ol>
74
+ <li><p>如果await 后面直接跟的为一个变量，比如：await 1；这种情况的话相当于直接把await后面的代码注册为一个微任务，可以简单理解为promise.then(await下面的代码)。然后跳出async1函数，执行其他代码，当遇到promise函数的时候，会注册promise.then()函数到微任务队列，注意此时微任务队列里面已经存在await后面的微任务。所以这种情况会先执行await后面的代码（async1 end），再执行async1函数后面注册的微任务代码(promise1,promise2)。</p>
75
+ </li>
76
+ <li><p>如果await后面跟的是一个异步函数的调用，比如上面的代码，将代码改成这样：</p>
77
+ </li>
78
+ </ol>
79
+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;script start&#x27;</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">async</span> <span class="keyword">function</span> <span class="title function_">async1</span>(<span class="params"></span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">await</span> <span class="title function_">async2</span>()</span><br><span class="line"><span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;async1 end&#x27;</span>)</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">async</span> <span class="keyword">function</span> <span class="title function_">async2</span>(<span class="params"></span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;async2 end&#x27;</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="title class_">Promise</span>.<span class="title function_">resolve</span>().<span class="title function_">then</span>(<span class="function">()=&gt;</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;async2 end1&#x27;</span>)</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="title function_">async1</span>()</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">setTimeout</span>(<span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;setTimeout&#x27;</span>)</span><br><span class="line">&#125;, <span class="number">0</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">Promise</span>(<span class="function"><span class="params">resolve</span> =&gt;</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;Promise&#x27;</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="title function_">resolve</span>()</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line">.<span class="title function_">then</span>(<span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;promise1&#x27;</span>)</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line">.<span class="title function_">then</span>(<span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;promise2&#x27;</span>)</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;script end&#x27;</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
80
+
81
+ <p>输出为：</p>
82
+ <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">// script start =&gt; async2 end =&gt; Promise =&gt; script end =&gt; =&gt; promise1 =&gt; promise2 =&gt; async1 end setTimeout</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
83
+
84
+ <p>此时执行完awit并不先把await后面的代码注册到微任务队列中去，而是执行完await之后，直接跳出async1函数，执行其他代码。然后遇到promise的时候，把promise.then注册为微任务。其他代码执行完毕后，需要回到async1函数去执行剩下的代码，然后把await后面的代码注册到微任务队列当中，注意此时微任务队列中是有之前注册的微任务的。所以这种情况会先执行async1函数之外的微任务(promise1,promise2)，然后才执行async1内注册的微任务(async1 end).</p>
85
+ <p>可以理解为，这种情况下，await 后面的代码会在本轮循环的最后被执行.<br>答题技巧总结</p>
86
+ <p><strong>答本题的时候，可以按照以下思路去答：</strong></p>
87
+ <ol>
88
+ <li>先说基本知识点，宏任务、微任务有哪些</li>
89
+ <li>说事件循环机制过程，边说边画图出来</li>
90
+ <li>说async&#x2F;await执行顺序注意，可以把 chrome 的优化，做法其实是违法了规范的，V8 团队的PR这些自信点说出来，显得你很好学，理解得很详细，很透彻。</li>
91
+ <li>把node的事件循环也说一下。(本文由于篇幅限制先不说这部分，下篇会讲，敬请期待)</li>
92
+ </ol>
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