@syllst/th 0.1.1 → 0.1.2

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+ const n = `---
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+ type: lesson
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+ id: thai-numbers-lesson-05
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+ title: "บทที่ 5 — เงินและตัวเลขในชีวิตจริง"
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+ description: "Money & Practical Numbers: Prices, phone numbers, and real-world usage"
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+ order: 5
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+ parentId: thai-numbers
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+ difficulty: beginner
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+ cefrLevel: A1
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+ categories:
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+ - numbers
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+ - money
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+ - practical
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+ metadata:
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+ estimatedTime: 25
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+ prerequisites:
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+ - thai-numbers-lesson-04
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+ objectives:
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+ - "Handle money and prices confidently"
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+ - "Say and understand phone numbers"
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+ - "Use numbers in shopping situations"
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+ - "Ask about prices and quantities"
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+ ---
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+
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+ # บทที่ 5 (Lesson 5) — Money & Practical Numbers
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+
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+ ## Introduction
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+
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+ Numbers are everywhere in daily life — prices, phone numbers, addresses, quantities. This lesson focuses on practical situations where you'll use Thai numbers every day.
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+
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+ ## Thai Currency
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+
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+ Thailand uses the **Baht** (บาท, bàat) with **Satang** (สตางค์, sà-dtaang) as the smaller unit.
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+
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+ - 1 Baht = 100 Satang
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+ - Coins: 1, 2, 5, 10 Baht; 25, 50 Satang
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+ - Notes: 20, 50, 100, 500, 1000 Baht
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+
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+ ## Saying Prices
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+
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+ **Structure**: [number] + บาท + (สตางค์)
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+
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+ | Price | Thai |
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+ |-------|------|
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+ | ฿50 | ห้าสิบบาท |
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+ | ฿199 | หนึ่งร้อยเก้าสิบเก้าบาท |
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+ | ฿2,500 | สองพันห้าร้อยบาท |
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+ | ฿35.50 | สามสิบห้าบาทห้าสิบสตางค์ |
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+
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+ ## Asking About Prices
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+
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+ | Thai | Meaning |
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+ |------|---------|
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+ | เท่าไหร่ (thâo-rài) | How much? |
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+ | ราคาเท่าไหร่ (raa-khaa thâo-rài) | What's the price? |
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+ | อันนี้เท่าไหร่ (an-níi thâo-rài) | How much is this? |
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+ | แพงไป (phaeng bpai) | Too expensive |
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+ | ลดได้ไหม (lót dâi mǎi) | Can you reduce? |
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+
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+ ## Phone Numbers
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+
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+ Thai phone numbers are said digit by digit:
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+
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+ | Format | Example | How to Say |
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+ |--------|---------|------------|
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+ | Mobile | 081-234-5678 | ศูนย์แปดหนึ่ง-สองสามสี่-ห้าหกเจ็ดแปด |
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+ | Landline | 02-123-4567 | ศูนย์สอง-หนึ่งสองสาม-สี่ห้าหกเจ็ด |
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+
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+ **Tip**: Zero is often said as ศูนย์ (sǒon) in phone numbers, not โอ.
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+
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+ ## Quantities & Classifiers
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+
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+ When counting things, Thai uses classifiers:
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+
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+ **Structure**: [noun] + [number] + [classifier]
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+
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+ | Classifier | Used For | Example |
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+ |------------|----------|---------|
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+ | คน (khon) | people | คน ๓ คน (3 people) |
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+ | ตัว (dtua) | animals | หมา ๒ ตัว (2 dogs) |
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+ | อัน (an) | small objects | ปากกา ๕ อัน (5 pens) |
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+ | ใบ (bai) | flat things | กระดาษ ๑๐ ใบ (10 papers) |
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+ | เล่ม (lêm) | books | หนังสือ ๓ เล่ม (3 books) |
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+ | ขวด (khùat) | bottles | น้ำ ๒ ขวด (2 bottles) |
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+ | ถุง (thǔng) | bags | ข้าว ๑ ถุง (1 bag of rice) |
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+ | จาน (jaan) | plates/dishes | ข้าวผัด ๒ จาน (2 fried rice) |
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+
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+ ## Shopping Phrases
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+
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+ | Thai | Meaning |
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+ |------|---------|
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+ | ขอ...หนึ่ง (khǎw ... nʉ̀ng) | I'd like one... |
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+ | เอา...สอง (ao ... sǒng) | I'll take two... |
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+ | ขอดูหน่อย (khǎw duu nòi) | Can I see? |
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+ | มีไหม (mii mǎi) | Do you have? |
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+ | หมดแล้ว (mòt láew) | Sold out |
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+
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+ ## Ordinal Numbers
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+
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+ To make ordinal numbers, add ที่ (thîi) before the number:
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+
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+ | Ordinal | Thai |
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+ |---------|------|
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+ | 1st | ที่หนึ่ง (thîi nʉ̀ng) |
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+ | 2nd | ที่สอง (thîi sǒng) |
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+ | 3rd | ที่สาม (thîi sǎam) |
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+ | first floor | ชั้นที่หนึ่ง |
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+ | second place | อันดับที่สอง |
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+
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+ ## Fractions & Decimals
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+
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+ | Concept | Thai |
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+ |---------|------|
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+ | half | ครึ่ง (khrʉ̂ng) |
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+ | quarter | หนึ่งส่วนสี่ (nʉ̀ng sùan sìi) |
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+ | 2.5 | สองจุดห้า (sǒng jùt hâa) |
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+ | percent | เปอร์เซ็นต์ (bpəə-sen) |
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+
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+ ## Real Conversations
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+
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+ **At a market:**
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+ - คุณ: อันนี้เท่าไหร่ครับ/คะ (How much is this?)
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+ - ขาย: สามร้อยห้าสิบบาท (350 baht)
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+ - คุณ: ลดได้ไหม (Can you reduce?)
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+ - ขาย: สามร้อยได้ (300 is okay)
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+
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+ **At a restaurant:**
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+ - คุณ: ขอข้าวผัดสองจานครับ/ค่ะ (Two fried rice please)
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+ - พนักงาน: รับอะไรดื่มไหม (Any drinks?)
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+ - คุณ: น้ำเปล่าสองขวด (Two water bottles)
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+
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+ ## Key Points
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+
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+ 1. **บาท for currency**: Always add บาท after the amount
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+ 2. **Classifiers required**: Can't just say "3 dogs" — need ตัว
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+ 3. **Digit by digit**: Phone numbers are said one digit at a time
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+ 4. **ที่ for ordinals**: Prefix for 1st, 2nd, 3rd, etc.
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+
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+ ## Practice Scenarios
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+
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+ Try these in Thai:
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+ 1. Ask for the price of something
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+ 2. Say your phone number
144
+ 3. Order 3 coffees (กาแฟ, classifier = แก้ว/ถ้วย)
145
+ 4. Say "too expensive, can you reduce?"
146
+
147
+ ## Practice Exercises
148
+
149
+ :::exercise{id="numbers-5-price-practice" type="fill-in-blank" title="Price Practice"}
150
+
151
+ **Question:** How do you say these prices in Thai?
152
+
153
+ - ฿199
154
+ - ฿2,500
155
+ - ฿35.50
156
+
157
+ **Answer:**
158
+
159
+ - ฿199 → หนึ่งร้อยเก้าสิบเก้าบาท
160
+ - ฿2,500 → สองพันห้าร้อยบาท
161
+ - ฿35.50 → สามสิบห้าบาทห้าสิบสตางค์
162
+
163
+ **Explanation:** Always add บาท after the baht amount. For prices with satang (cents), add the satang amount after บาท. Remember to use เอ็ด for numbers ending in 1 in compounds.
164
+
165
+ :::
166
+
167
+ :::exercise{id="numbers-5-phone-numbers" type="matching" title="Phone Number Practice"}
168
+
169
+ **Question:** How do you say this phone number: 081-234-5678?
170
+
171
+ **Answer:**
172
+
173
+ ศูนย์แปดหนึ่ง-สองสามสี่-ห้าหกเจ็ดแปด
174
+
175
+ **Explanation:** Thai phone numbers are said digit by digit. Zero is usually said as ศูนย์ (sǒon), not โอ. Say each digit clearly, pausing at the dashes.
176
+
177
+ :::
178
+
179
+ :::exercise{id="numbers-5-classifiers" type="multiple-choice" title="Using Classifiers"}
180
+
181
+ **Question:** How do you say "3 dogs" in Thai?
182
+
183
+ **Options:**
184
+ - หมา 3
185
+ - 3 หมา
186
+ - หมา 3 ตัว
187
+ - หมา 3 ตัว
188
+
189
+ **Answer:** 3
190
+
191
+ **Explanation:** Thai requires classifiers when counting. The pattern is: [noun] + [number] + [classifier]. For animals, use ตัว. So "3 dogs" is หมา 3 ตัว (or หมา สาม ตัว if using Thai numerals).
192
+
193
+ :::
194
+
195
+ ## Congratulations!
196
+
197
+ You've completed the Thai Numbers course! You can now:
198
+ - Read Thai numerals
199
+ - Count to millions
200
+ - Tell time and read dates
201
+ - Handle money and everyday number situations
202
+
203
+ Keep practicing in real situations — numbers are the foundation for so much of daily communication!
204
+ `;
205
+ export {
206
+ n as default
207
+ };
208
+ //# sourceMappingURL=lesson-05-DusKUtbm.js.map
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
1
+ {"version":3,"file":"lesson-05-DusKUtbm.js","sources":["../src/syllabi/numbers/lessons/lesson-05.mdx?raw"],"sourcesContent":["export default \"---\\ntype: lesson\\nid: thai-numbers-lesson-05\\ntitle: \\\"บทที่ 5 — เงินและตัวเลขในชีวิตจริง\\\"\\ndescription: \\\"Money & Practical Numbers: Prices, phone numbers, and real-world usage\\\"\\norder: 5\\nparentId: thai-numbers\\ndifficulty: beginner\\ncefrLevel: A1\\ncategories:\\n - numbers\\n - money\\n - practical\\nmetadata:\\n estimatedTime: 25\\n prerequisites:\\n - thai-numbers-lesson-04\\n objectives:\\n - \\\"Handle money and prices confidently\\\"\\n - \\\"Say and understand phone numbers\\\"\\n - \\\"Use numbers in shopping situations\\\"\\n - \\\"Ask about prices and quantities\\\"\\n---\\n\\n# บทที่ 5 (Lesson 5) — Money & Practical Numbers\\n\\n## Introduction\\n\\nNumbers are everywhere in daily life — prices, phone numbers, addresses, quantities. This lesson focuses on practical situations where you'll use Thai numbers every day.\\n\\n## Thai Currency\\n\\nThailand uses the **Baht** (บาท, bàat) with **Satang** (สตางค์, sà-dtaang) as the smaller unit.\\n\\n- 1 Baht = 100 Satang\\n- Coins: 1, 2, 5, 10 Baht; 25, 50 Satang\\n- Notes: 20, 50, 100, 500, 1000 Baht\\n\\n## Saying Prices\\n\\n**Structure**: [number] + บาท + (สตางค์)\\n\\n| Price | Thai |\\n|-------|------|\\n| ฿50 | ห้าสิบบาท |\\n| ฿199 | หนึ่งร้อยเก้าสิบเก้าบาท |\\n| ฿2,500 | สองพันห้าร้อยบาท |\\n| ฿35.50 | สามสิบห้าบาทห้าสิบสตางค์ |\\n\\n## Asking About Prices\\n\\n| Thai | Meaning |\\n|------|---------|\\n| เท่าไหร่ (thâo-rài) | How much? |\\n| ราคาเท่าไหร่ (raa-khaa thâo-rài) | What's the price? |\\n| อันนี้เท่าไหร่ (an-níi thâo-rài) | How much is this? |\\n| แพงไป (phaeng bpai) | Too expensive |\\n| ลดได้ไหม (lót dâi mǎi) | Can you reduce? |\\n\\n## Phone Numbers\\n\\nThai phone numbers are said digit by digit:\\n\\n| Format | Example | How to Say |\\n|--------|---------|------------|\\n| Mobile | 081-234-5678 | ศูนย์แปดหนึ่ง-สองสามสี่-ห้าหกเจ็ดแปด |\\n| Landline | 02-123-4567 | ศูนย์สอง-หนึ่งสองสาม-สี่ห้าหกเจ็ด |\\n\\n**Tip**: Zero is often said as ศูนย์ (sǒon) in phone numbers, not โอ.\\n\\n## Quantities & Classifiers\\n\\nWhen counting things, Thai uses classifiers:\\n\\n**Structure**: [noun] + [number] + [classifier]\\n\\n| Classifier | Used For | Example |\\n|------------|----------|---------|\\n| คน (khon) | people | คน ๓ คน (3 people) |\\n| ตัว (dtua) | animals | หมา ๒ ตัว (2 dogs) |\\n| อัน (an) | small objects | ปากกา ๕ อัน (5 pens) |\\n| ใบ (bai) | flat things | กระดาษ ๑๐ ใบ (10 papers) |\\n| เล่ม (lêm) | books | หนังสือ ๓ เล่ม (3 books) |\\n| ขวด (khùat) | bottles | น้ำ ๒ ขวด (2 bottles) |\\n| ถุง (thǔng) | bags | ข้าว ๑ ถุง (1 bag of rice) |\\n| จาน (jaan) | plates/dishes | ข้าวผัด ๒ จาน (2 fried rice) |\\n\\n## Shopping Phrases\\n\\n| Thai | Meaning |\\n|------|---------|\\n| ขอ...หนึ่ง (khǎw ... nʉ̀ng) | I'd like one... |\\n| เอา...สอง (ao ... sǒng) | I'll take two... |\\n| ขอดูหน่อย (khǎw duu nòi) | Can I see? |\\n| มีไหม (mii mǎi) | Do you have? |\\n| หมดแล้ว (mòt láew) | Sold out |\\n\\n## Ordinal Numbers\\n\\nTo make ordinal numbers, add ที่ (thîi) before the number:\\n\\n| Ordinal | Thai |\\n|---------|------|\\n| 1st | ที่หนึ่ง (thîi nʉ̀ng) |\\n| 2nd | ที่สอง (thîi sǒng) |\\n| 3rd | ที่สาม (thîi sǎam) |\\n| first floor | ชั้นที่หนึ่ง |\\n| second place | อันดับที่สอง |\\n\\n## Fractions & Decimals\\n\\n| Concept | Thai |\\n|---------|------|\\n| half | ครึ่ง (khrʉ̂ng) |\\n| quarter | หนึ่งส่วนสี่ (nʉ̀ng sùan sìi) |\\n| 2.5 | สองจุดห้า (sǒng jùt hâa) |\\n| percent | เปอร์เซ็นต์ (bpəə-sen) |\\n\\n## Real Conversations\\n\\n**At a market:**\\n- คุณ: อันนี้เท่าไหร่ครับ/คะ (How much is this?)\\n- ขาย: สามร้อยห้าสิบบาท (350 baht)\\n- คุณ: ลดได้ไหม (Can you reduce?)\\n- ขาย: สามร้อยได้ (300 is okay)\\n\\n**At a restaurant:**\\n- คุณ: ขอข้าวผัดสองจานครับ/ค่ะ (Two fried rice please)\\n- พนักงาน: รับอะไรดื่มไหม (Any drinks?)\\n- คุณ: น้ำเปล่าสองขวด (Two water bottles)\\n\\n## Key Points\\n\\n1. **บาท for currency**: Always add บาท after the amount\\n2. **Classifiers required**: Can't just say \\\"3 dogs\\\" — need ตัว\\n3. **Digit by digit**: Phone numbers are said one digit at a time\\n4. **ที่ for ordinals**: Prefix for 1st, 2nd, 3rd, etc.\\n\\n## Practice Scenarios\\n\\nTry these in Thai:\\n1. Ask for the price of something\\n2. Say your phone number\\n3. Order 3 coffees (กาแฟ, classifier = แก้ว/ถ้วย)\\n4. Say \\\"too expensive, can you reduce?\\\"\\n\\n## Practice Exercises\\n\\n:::exercise{id=\\\"numbers-5-price-practice\\\" type=\\\"fill-in-blank\\\" title=\\\"Price Practice\\\"}\\n\\n**Question:** How do you say these prices in Thai?\\n\\n- ฿199\\n- ฿2,500\\n- ฿35.50\\n\\n**Answer:**\\n\\n- ฿199 → หนึ่งร้อยเก้าสิบเก้าบาท\\n- ฿2,500 → สองพันห้าร้อยบาท\\n- ฿35.50 → สามสิบห้าบาทห้าสิบสตางค์\\n\\n**Explanation:** Always add บาท after the baht amount. For prices with satang (cents), add the satang amount after บาท. Remember to use เอ็ด for numbers ending in 1 in compounds.\\n\\n:::\\n\\n:::exercise{id=\\\"numbers-5-phone-numbers\\\" type=\\\"matching\\\" title=\\\"Phone Number Practice\\\"}\\n\\n**Question:** How do you say this phone number: 081-234-5678?\\n\\n**Answer:**\\n\\nศูนย์แปดหนึ่ง-สองสามสี่-ห้าหกเจ็ดแปด\\n\\n**Explanation:** Thai phone numbers are said digit by digit. Zero is usually said as ศูนย์ (sǒon), not โอ. Say each digit clearly, pausing at the dashes.\\n\\n:::\\n\\n:::exercise{id=\\\"numbers-5-classifiers\\\" type=\\\"multiple-choice\\\" title=\\\"Using Classifiers\\\"}\\n\\n**Question:** How do you say \\\"3 dogs\\\" in Thai?\\n\\n**Options:**\\n- หมา 3\\n- 3 หมา\\n- หมา 3 ตัว\\n- หมา 3 ตัว\\n\\n**Answer:** 3\\n\\n**Explanation:** Thai requires classifiers when counting. The pattern is: [noun] + [number] + [classifier]. For animals, use ตัว. So \\\"3 dogs\\\" is หมา 3 ตัว (or หมา สาม ตัว if using Thai numerals).\\n\\n:::\\n\\n## Congratulations!\\n\\nYou've completed the Thai Numbers course! You can now:\\n- Read Thai numerals\\n- Count to millions\\n- Tell time and read dates\\n- Handle money and everyday number situations\\n\\nKeep practicing in real situations — numbers are the foundation for so much of daily communication!\\n\""],"names":["lesson05"],"mappings":"AAAA,MAAAA,IAAe;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;"}
@@ -0,0 +1,194 @@
1
+ const n = `---
2
+ type: lesson
3
+ id: thai-vowels-lesson-05
4
+ title: "บทที่ 5 — สระประสม I"
5
+ description: "Compound Vowels Part 1: Diphthongs with 'i' and 'u' endings"
6
+ order: 5
7
+ parentId: thai-vowels-tones
8
+ difficulty: beginner
9
+ cefrLevel: A1
10
+ categories:
11
+ - vowels
12
+ - compound-vowels
13
+ - diphthongs
14
+ metadata:
15
+ estimatedTime: 30
16
+ prerequisites:
17
+ - thai-vowels-lesson-04
18
+ objectives:
19
+ - "Understand what diphthongs are"
20
+ - "Master vowels ending in -i sound"
21
+ - "Master vowels ending in -u sound"
22
+ - "Practice smooth vowel transitions"
23
+ ---
24
+
25
+ # บทที่ 5 (Lesson 5) — Compound Vowels I
26
+
27
+ ## Introduction
28
+
29
+ Thai has many **compound vowels** (สระประสม) — vowel sounds that glide smoothly from one quality to another. These are called **diphthongs**. In this lesson, you'll learn diphthongs that end with an "i" or "u" sound.
30
+
31
+ ## What Are Diphthongs?
32
+
33
+ A diphthong is a vowel sound that transitions within a single syllable:
34
+ - English "eye" is a diphthong: ah → ee
35
+ - English "cow" is a diphthong: ah → oo
36
+
37
+ Thai has many more diphthongs than English!
38
+
39
+ ## Diphthongs Ending in -i
40
+
41
+ These vowels glide toward an "i" sound:
42
+
43
+ :::character-set{id="thai-diphthongs-i" title="Diphthongs Ending in -i"}
44
+
45
+ ::character{id="th-vowel-ai-mai-muan" char="ใ" name="สระใอ (sara ai mai muan)" nativeName="สระใอ" transliteration="ai" charType="vowel"}
46
+
47
+ ::character{id="th-vowel-ai-mai-malai" char="ไ" name="สระไอ (sara ai mai malai)" nativeName="สระไอ" transliteration="ai" charType="vowel"}
48
+
49
+ ::character{id="th-vowel-ao-i" char="เ-ย" name="สระเอย (sara oei)" nativeName="สระเอย" transliteration="ɤɤi" charType="vowel"}
50
+
51
+ :::
52
+
53
+ ## The Two "ai" Vowels: ใ vs ไ
54
+
55
+ Thai has **two vowels** that both sound like "ai":
56
+ - **ใ (mai muan)**: Used in only 20 common words
57
+ - **ไ (mai malai)**: Used everywhere else
58
+
59
+ | ใ (mai muan) | ไ (mai malai) |
60
+ |--------------|---------------|
61
+ | ใจ (jai) — heart | ไก่ (gài) — chicken |
62
+ | ใน (nai) — in | ไป (bpai) — to go |
63
+ | ให้ (hâi) — to give | ไหม (mǎi) — silk, question particle |
64
+ | ใหม่ (mài) — new | ไม่ (mâi) — not |
65
+ | ใช้ (chái) — to use | ได้ (dâai) — can, able |
66
+
67
+ **Memory tip**: Learn the 20 ใ words; everything else uses ไ.
68
+
69
+ ## Diphthongs Ending in -u/-o
70
+
71
+ These vowels glide toward a "u" or "o" sound:
72
+
73
+ :::character-set{id="thai-diphthongs-u" title="Diphthongs Ending in -u/-o"}
74
+
75
+ ::character{id="th-vowel-ao" char="เ-า" name="สระเอา (sara ao)" nativeName="สระเอา" transliteration="ao" charType="vowel"}
76
+
77
+ ::character{id="th-vowel-iu" char="ิว" name="สระอิว (sara iu)" nativeName="สระอิว" transliteration="iu" charType="vowel"}
78
+
79
+ ::character{id="th-vowel-eo" char="เ-ว" name="สระเอว (sara eo)" nativeName="สระเอว" transliteration="eo" charType="vowel"}
80
+
81
+ ::character{id="th-vowel-aeo" char="แ-ว" name="สระแอว (sara aeo)" nativeName="สระแอว" transliteration="aeo" charType="vowel"}
82
+
83
+ :::
84
+
85
+ ## How to Pronounce Diphthongs
86
+
87
+ The key is to make a **smooth glide** between the two vowel qualities:
88
+
89
+ | Vowel | Start | End | Like English |
90
+ |-------|-------|-----|--------------|
91
+ | ใ/ไ (ai) | "ah" | "ee" | "I" or "eye" |
92
+ | เ-า (ao) | "ah" | "oo" | "ow" in "cow" |
93
+ | ิว (iu) | "ee" | "oo" | "ew" in "few" |
94
+ | เ-ว (eo) | "ay" | "oo" | No equivalent |
95
+
96
+ ## Reading Practice
97
+
98
+ | Written | Breakdown | Pronunciation |
99
+ |---------|-----------|---------------|
100
+ | ไก | ก + ไ | gai |
101
+ | เขา | ข + เ-า | khǎo |
102
+ | กิว | ก + ิว | giu |
103
+ | เมา | ม + เ-า | mao |
104
+
105
+ ## The Famous 20 ใ Words
106
+
107
+ Here are the most common words using ใ:
108
+ - ใจ (jai) — heart, mind
109
+ - ใน (nai) — in, inside
110
+ - ใหญ่ (yài) — big
111
+ - ให้ (hâi) — to give
112
+ - ใหม่ (mài) — new
113
+ - ใช้ (chái) — to use
114
+ - ใส่ (sài) — to put on, wear
115
+ - ใคร (khrai) — who
116
+
117
+ ## Key Points
118
+
119
+ 1. **Diphthongs glide**: Start at one vowel quality, end at another
120
+ 2. **ใ vs ไ**: Both sound like "ai" but are different letters
121
+ 3. **Learn the 20**: Memorize the ใ words; default to ไ otherwise
122
+ 4. **Smooth transition**: Don't pause between the vowel parts
123
+
124
+ ## Common Words
125
+
126
+ - ไป (bpai) — to go
127
+ - เขา (khǎo) — he/she/mountain
128
+ - ได้ (dâai) — can, able
129
+ - ใจ (jai) — heart
130
+
131
+ ## Practice Exercises
132
+
133
+ :::exercise{id="diphthongs-1-ai-recognition" type="multiple-choice" title="The Two AI Vowels"}
134
+
135
+ **Question:** Which vowel (ใ or ไ) is used in the word ใจ (heart)?
136
+
137
+ **Options:**
138
+ - ใ (mai muan) - one of the 20 common words
139
+ - ไ (mai malai) - the default
140
+ - Either one works
141
+ - Depends on the dialect
142
+
143
+ **Answer:** 1
144
+
145
+ **Explanation:** ใจ uses ใ (mai muan), which is one of only 20 common words that use this spelling. Everything else uses ไ (mai malai). Both sound identical, but spelling must be memorized.
146
+
147
+ :::
148
+
149
+ :::exercise{id="diphthongs-1-glide-practice" type="fill-in-blank" title="Diphthong Glide Practice"}
150
+
151
+ **Question:** How do you pronounce these diphthongs? (Describe the glide)
152
+
153
+ - ใ/ไ (ai)
154
+ - เ-า (ao)
155
+ - ิว (iu)
156
+
157
+ **Answer:**
158
+
159
+ - ใ/ไ → Start with "ah" sound, glide to "ee" (like English "I" or "eye")
160
+ - เ-า → Start with "ah" sound, glide to "oo" (like English "ow" in "cow")
161
+ - ิว → Start with "ee" sound, glide to "oo" (like English "ew" in "few")
162
+
163
+ **Explanation:** Diphthongs are smooth glides between two vowel qualities. The key is making a continuous transition without pausing between the sounds.
164
+
165
+ :::
166
+
167
+ :::exercise{id="diphthongs-1-common-words" type="matching" title="Common Diphthong Words"}
168
+
169
+ **Question:** Match each word to its diphthong type
170
+
171
+ - ไป (to go)
172
+ - เขา (he/she)
173
+ - ได้ (can, able)
174
+ - ใจ (heart)
175
+
176
+ **Answer:**
177
+
178
+ - ไป → ไ (ai diphthong)
179
+ - เขา → เ-า (ao diphthong)
180
+ - ได้ → ไ (ai diphthong)
181
+ - ใจ → ใ (ai diphthong - one of the 20)
182
+
183
+ **Explanation:** These are very common words that demonstrate diphthongs. Notice that ไป and ได้ both use ไ, while ใจ uses ใ (one of the special 20 words).
184
+
185
+ :::
186
+
187
+ ## What's Next
188
+
189
+ In Lesson 6, you'll learn more compound vowels and special vowel combinations that complete your vowel knowledge.
190
+ `;
191
+ export {
192
+ n as default
193
+ };
194
+ //# sourceMappingURL=lesson-05-ip400cxe.js.map
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
1
+ {"version":3,"file":"lesson-05-ip400cxe.js","sources":["../src/syllabi/vowels-tones/lessons/lesson-05.mdx?raw"],"sourcesContent":["export default \"---\\ntype: lesson\\nid: thai-vowels-lesson-05\\ntitle: \\\"บทที่ 5 — สระประสม I\\\"\\ndescription: \\\"Compound Vowels Part 1: Diphthongs with 'i' and 'u' endings\\\"\\norder: 5\\nparentId: thai-vowels-tones\\ndifficulty: beginner\\ncefrLevel: A1\\ncategories:\\n - vowels\\n - compound-vowels\\n - diphthongs\\nmetadata:\\n estimatedTime: 30\\n prerequisites:\\n - thai-vowels-lesson-04\\n objectives:\\n - \\\"Understand what diphthongs are\\\"\\n - \\\"Master vowels ending in -i sound\\\"\\n - \\\"Master vowels ending in -u sound\\\"\\n - \\\"Practice smooth vowel transitions\\\"\\n---\\n\\n# บทที่ 5 (Lesson 5) — Compound Vowels I\\n\\n## Introduction\\n\\nThai has many **compound vowels** (สระประสม) — vowel sounds that glide smoothly from one quality to another. These are called **diphthongs**. In this lesson, you'll learn diphthongs that end with an \\\"i\\\" or \\\"u\\\" sound.\\n\\n## What Are Diphthongs?\\n\\nA diphthong is a vowel sound that transitions within a single syllable:\\n- English \\\"eye\\\" is a diphthong: ah → ee\\n- English \\\"cow\\\" is a diphthong: ah → oo\\n\\nThai has many more diphthongs than English!\\n\\n## Diphthongs Ending in -i\\n\\nThese vowels glide toward an \\\"i\\\" sound:\\n\\n:::character-set{id=\\\"thai-diphthongs-i\\\" title=\\\"Diphthongs Ending in -i\\\"}\\n\\n::character{id=\\\"th-vowel-ai-mai-muan\\\" char=\\\"ใ\\\" name=\\\"สระใอ (sara ai mai muan)\\\" nativeName=\\\"สระใอ\\\" transliteration=\\\"ai\\\" charType=\\\"vowel\\\"}\\n\\n::character{id=\\\"th-vowel-ai-mai-malai\\\" char=\\\"ไ\\\" name=\\\"สระไอ (sara ai mai malai)\\\" nativeName=\\\"สระไอ\\\" transliteration=\\\"ai\\\" charType=\\\"vowel\\\"}\\n\\n::character{id=\\\"th-vowel-ao-i\\\" char=\\\"เ-ย\\\" name=\\\"สระเอย (sara oei)\\\" nativeName=\\\"สระเอย\\\" transliteration=\\\"ɤɤi\\\" charType=\\\"vowel\\\"}\\n\\n:::\\n\\n## The Two \\\"ai\\\" Vowels: ใ vs ไ\\n\\nThai has **two vowels** that both sound like \\\"ai\\\":\\n- **ใ (mai muan)**: Used in only 20 common words\\n- **ไ (mai malai)**: Used everywhere else\\n\\n| ใ (mai muan) | ไ (mai malai) |\\n|--------------|---------------|\\n| ใจ (jai) — heart | ไก่ (gài) — chicken |\\n| ใน (nai) — in | ไป (bpai) — to go |\\n| ให้ (hâi) — to give | ไหม (mǎi) — silk, question particle |\\n| ใหม่ (mài) — new | ไม่ (mâi) — not |\\n| ใช้ (chái) — to use | ได้ (dâai) — can, able |\\n\\n**Memory tip**: Learn the 20 ใ words; everything else uses ไ.\\n\\n## Diphthongs Ending in -u/-o\\n\\nThese vowels glide toward a \\\"u\\\" or \\\"o\\\" sound:\\n\\n:::character-set{id=\\\"thai-diphthongs-u\\\" title=\\\"Diphthongs Ending in -u/-o\\\"}\\n\\n::character{id=\\\"th-vowel-ao\\\" char=\\\"เ-า\\\" name=\\\"สระเอา (sara ao)\\\" nativeName=\\\"สระเอา\\\" transliteration=\\\"ao\\\" charType=\\\"vowel\\\"}\\n\\n::character{id=\\\"th-vowel-iu\\\" char=\\\"ิว\\\" name=\\\"สระอิว (sara iu)\\\" nativeName=\\\"สระอิว\\\" transliteration=\\\"iu\\\" charType=\\\"vowel\\\"}\\n\\n::character{id=\\\"th-vowel-eo\\\" char=\\\"เ-ว\\\" name=\\\"สระเอว (sara eo)\\\" nativeName=\\\"สระเอว\\\" transliteration=\\\"eo\\\" charType=\\\"vowel\\\"}\\n\\n::character{id=\\\"th-vowel-aeo\\\" char=\\\"แ-ว\\\" name=\\\"สระแอว (sara aeo)\\\" nativeName=\\\"สระแอว\\\" transliteration=\\\"aeo\\\" charType=\\\"vowel\\\"}\\n\\n:::\\n\\n## How to Pronounce Diphthongs\\n\\nThe key is to make a **smooth glide** between the two vowel qualities:\\n\\n| Vowel | Start | End | Like English |\\n|-------|-------|-----|--------------|\\n| ใ/ไ (ai) | \\\"ah\\\" | \\\"ee\\\" | \\\"I\\\" or \\\"eye\\\" |\\n| เ-า (ao) | \\\"ah\\\" | \\\"oo\\\" | \\\"ow\\\" in \\\"cow\\\" |\\n| ิว (iu) | \\\"ee\\\" | \\\"oo\\\" | \\\"ew\\\" in \\\"few\\\" |\\n| เ-ว (eo) | \\\"ay\\\" | \\\"oo\\\" | No equivalent |\\n\\n## Reading Practice\\n\\n| Written | Breakdown | Pronunciation |\\n|---------|-----------|---------------|\\n| ไก | ก + ไ | gai |\\n| เขา | ข + เ-า | khǎo |\\n| กิว | ก + ิว | giu |\\n| เมา | ม + เ-า | mao |\\n\\n## The Famous 20 ใ Words\\n\\nHere are the most common words using ใ:\\n- ใจ (jai) — heart, mind\\n- ใน (nai) — in, inside\\n- ใหญ่ (yài) — big\\n- ให้ (hâi) — to give\\n- ใหม่ (mài) — new\\n- ใช้ (chái) — to use\\n- ใส่ (sài) — to put on, wear\\n- ใคร (khrai) — who\\n\\n## Key Points\\n\\n1. **Diphthongs glide**: Start at one vowel quality, end at another\\n2. **ใ vs ไ**: Both sound like \\\"ai\\\" but are different letters\\n3. **Learn the 20**: Memorize the ใ words; default to ไ otherwise\\n4. **Smooth transition**: Don't pause between the vowel parts\\n\\n## Common Words\\n\\n- ไป (bpai) — to go\\n- เขา (khǎo) — he/she/mountain\\n- ได้ (dâai) — can, able\\n- ใจ (jai) — heart\\n\\n## Practice Exercises\\n\\n:::exercise{id=\\\"diphthongs-1-ai-recognition\\\" type=\\\"multiple-choice\\\" title=\\\"The Two AI Vowels\\\"}\\n\\n**Question:** Which vowel (ใ or ไ) is used in the word ใจ (heart)?\\n\\n**Options:**\\n- ใ (mai muan) - one of the 20 common words\\n- ไ (mai malai) - the default\\n- Either one works\\n- Depends on the dialect\\n\\n**Answer:** 1\\n\\n**Explanation:** ใจ uses ใ (mai muan), which is one of only 20 common words that use this spelling. Everything else uses ไ (mai malai). Both sound identical, but spelling must be memorized.\\n\\n:::\\n\\n:::exercise{id=\\\"diphthongs-1-glide-practice\\\" type=\\\"fill-in-blank\\\" title=\\\"Diphthong Glide Practice\\\"}\\n\\n**Question:** How do you pronounce these diphthongs? (Describe the glide)\\n\\n- ใ/ไ (ai)\\n- เ-า (ao)\\n- ิว (iu)\\n\\n**Answer:**\\n\\n- ใ/ไ → Start with \\\"ah\\\" sound, glide to \\\"ee\\\" (like English \\\"I\\\" or \\\"eye\\\")\\n- เ-า → Start with \\\"ah\\\" sound, glide to \\\"oo\\\" (like English \\\"ow\\\" in \\\"cow\\\")\\n- ิว → Start with \\\"ee\\\" sound, glide to \\\"oo\\\" (like English \\\"ew\\\" in \\\"few\\\")\\n\\n**Explanation:** Diphthongs are smooth glides between two vowel qualities. The key is making a continuous transition without pausing between the sounds.\\n\\n:::\\n\\n:::exercise{id=\\\"diphthongs-1-common-words\\\" type=\\\"matching\\\" title=\\\"Common Diphthong Words\\\"}\\n\\n**Question:** Match each word to its diphthong type\\n\\n- ไป (to go)\\n- เขา (he/she)\\n- ได้ (can, able)\\n- ใจ (heart)\\n\\n**Answer:**\\n\\n- ไป → ไ (ai diphthong)\\n- เขา → เ-า (ao diphthong)\\n- ได้ → ไ (ai diphthong)\\n- ใจ → ใ (ai diphthong - one of the 20)\\n\\n**Explanation:** These are very common words that demonstrate diphthongs. Notice that ไป and ได้ both use ไ, while ใจ uses ใ (one of the special 20 words).\\n\\n:::\\n\\n## What's Next\\n\\nIn Lesson 6, you'll learn more compound vowels and special vowel combinations that complete your vowel knowledge.\\n\""],"names":["lesson05"],"mappings":"AAAA,MAAAA,IAAe;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;"}
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+ const n = `---
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+ type: lesson
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+ id: thai-grammar-lesson-06
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+ title: "บทที่ 6 — การบอกเวลา"
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+ description: "Time Expressions: Tense markers and time words"
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+ order: 6
7
+ parentId: thai-grammar
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+ difficulty: intermediate
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+ cefrLevel: A2
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+ categories:
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+ - grammar
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+ - time
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+ - tense
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+ metadata:
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+ estimatedTime: 30
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+ prerequisites:
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+ - thai-grammar-lesson-05
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+ objectives:
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+ - "Express past, present, and future"
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+ - "Use time markers"
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+ - "Understand aspect markers"
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+ ---
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+
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+ # บทที่ 6 (Lesson 6) — Time Expressions
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+
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+ ## Introduction
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+
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+ Thai verbs don't conjugate for tense. Instead, Thai uses **time words** and **aspect markers** to indicate when actions happen.
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+
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+ ## Time Words (Before Subject or Verb)
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+
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+ | Thai | Romanization | Meaning |
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+ |------|--------------|---------|
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+ | เมื่อวาน | mûuea-waan | yesterday |
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+ | วันนี้ | wan-níi | today |
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+ | พรุ่งนี้ | phrûng-níi | tomorrow |
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+ | ตอนนี้ | dtawn-níi | now |
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+ | เดี๋ยว | dǐaw | in a moment |
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+ | แล้ว | láew | already (past) |
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+ | จะ | jà | will (future) |
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+
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+ ## Past: แล้ว (láew) - Already/Completed
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+
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+ Place **แล้ว** after the verb to indicate completion:
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+
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+ | Thai | Meaning |
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+ |------|---------|
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+ | กินแล้ว | already ate |
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+ | ไปแล้ว | already went |
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+ | เสร็จแล้ว | finished already |
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+ | รู้แล้ว | already know |
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+
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+ ## Future: จะ (jà) - Will
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+
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+ Place **จะ** before the verb for future actions:
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+
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+ | Thai | Meaning |
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+ |------|---------|
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+ | จะไป | will go |
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+ | จะกิน | will eat |
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+ | จะทำ | will do |
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+ | จะมา | will come |
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+
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+ ## Present/Ongoing: กำลัง (gam-lang)
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+
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+ Place **กำลัง** before the verb for actions in progress:
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+
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+ | Thai | Meaning |
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+ |------|---------|
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+ | กำลังกิน | eating (right now) |
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+ | กำลังทำงาน | working (right now) |
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+ | กำลังนอน | sleeping (right now) |
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+
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+ ## Completed Action: เสร็จ (sèt)
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+
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+ | Thai | Meaning |
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+ |------|---------|
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+ | กินเสร็จ | finished eating |
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+ | ทำเสร็จ | finished doing |
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+ | พูดเสร็จ | finished speaking |
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+
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+ ## "Ever" and "Not Yet"
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+
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+ | Pattern | Meaning |
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+ |---------|---------|
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+ | เคย + V | have (ever) done |
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+ | ไม่เคย + V | have never done |
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+ | ยัง + V + อยู่ | still doing |
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+ | ยังไม่ + V | not yet done |
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+
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+ Examples:
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+ - เคยไปเมืองไทยไหม? (Have you ever been to Thailand?)
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+ - ยังไม่กิน (Haven't eaten yet)
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+
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+ ## Time Expression Examples
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+
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+ | Thai | Pattern | Meaning |
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+ |------|---------|---------|
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+ | เมื่อวานผมไปตลาด | Time + S + V | I went to the market yesterday |
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+ | พรุ่งนี้จะไปหาหมอ | Time + จะ + V | Tomorrow will see the doctor |
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+ | กำลังกินข้าวอยู่ | กำลัง + V + อยู่ | Currently eating |
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+ | กินข้าวแล้ว | V + แล้ว | Already ate |
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+
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+ ## Duration: มา...แล้ว
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+
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+ To express "have been doing for [time]":
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+
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+ **V + มา + [duration] + แล้ว**
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+
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+ | Thai | Meaning |
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+ |------|---------|
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+ | อยู่ที่นี่มา 2 ปีแล้ว | Have been here for 2 years |
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+ | เรียนภาษาไทยมา 6 เดือนแล้ว | Have been studying Thai for 6 months |
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+
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+ ## Key Points
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+
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+ 1. **จะ** - Future (before verb)
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+ 2. **แล้ว** - Past/completed (after verb)
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+ 3. **กำลัง** - In progress (before verb)
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+ 4. **เคย** - Past experience ("have ever")
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+ 5. **ยัง** - "Still" or "not yet"
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+
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+ ## Time Expression Comparison Table
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+
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+ | Time Marker | Position | Meaning | Example |
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+ |-------------|----------|---------|---------|
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+ | จะ | Before verb | Future/will | จะไป (will go) |
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+ | แล้ว | After verb | Past/completed | ไปแล้ว (already went) |
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+ | กำลัง | Before verb | In progress | กำลังกิน (eating now) |
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+ | เคย | Before verb | Past experience | เคยไป (have been) |
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+ | ยัง | Before verb | Still/not yet | ยังไม่กิน (not eaten yet) |
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+ | เมื่อวาน | Before subject/verb | Yesterday | เมื่อวานไป (went yesterday) |
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+ | พรุ่งนี้ | Before subject/verb | Tomorrow | พรุ่งนี้จะไป (will go tomorrow) |
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+
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+ ## Practice Exercises
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+
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+ :::exercise{id="grammar-6-tense-markers" type="matching" title="Tense Marker Recognition"}
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+
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+ **Question:** Match each time expression to its meaning
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+
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+ - จะไป
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+ - ไปแล้ว
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+ - กำลังกิน
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+ - เคยไป
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+
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+ **Answer:**
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+
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+ - จะไป → Will go (future)
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+ - ไปแล้ว → Already went (past/completed)
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+ - กำลังกิน → Eating now (in progress)
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+ - เคยไป → Have been (past experience)
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+
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+ **Explanation:** Thai uses aspect markers rather than verb conjugation. จะ marks future, แล้ว marks completion, กำลัง marks ongoing action, and เคย marks past experience.
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+
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+ :::
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+
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+ :::exercise{id="grammar-6-time-placement" type="fill-in-blank" title="Time Word Placement"}
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+
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+ **Question:** Where do time words go in Thai sentences?
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+
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+ **Answer:**
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+
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+ Time words can go before the subject or before the verb. Examples:
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+ - **เมื่อวาน** ผมไปตลาด (Yesterday I went to market)
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+ - ผม**เมื่อวาน**ไปตลาด (I yesterday went to market)
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+
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+ Both are correct. Time words are flexible in position, but typically come early in the sentence.
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+
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+ **Explanation:** Unlike English where time words often come at the end, Thai time words usually come at the beginning or right after the subject for clarity.
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+
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+ :::
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+
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+ :::exercise{id="grammar-6-duration" type="multiple-choice" title="Expressing Duration"}
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+
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+ **Question:** How do you say "I have been studying Thai for 6 months"?
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+
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+ **Options:**
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+ - เรียนภาษาไทย 6 เดือน
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+ - เรียนภาษาไทยมา 6 เดือนแล้ว
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+ - กำลังเรียนภาษาไทย 6 เดือน
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+ - จะเรียนภาษาไทย 6 เดือน
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+
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+ **Answer:** 2
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+
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+ **Explanation:** The pattern for duration is: V + มา + [duration] + แล้ว. This means "have been doing for [time]". So "have been studying for 6 months" is เรียนภาษาไทยมา 6 เดือนแล้ว.
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+
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+ :::
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+
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+ ## What's Next
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+
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+ In Lesson 7, you'll learn comparisons — how to say "more than", "most", "same", and "different" in Thai.
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+ `;
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+ export {
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+ n as default
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+ };
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+ //# sourceMappingURL=lesson-06-1CE05TRX.js.map
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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+ {"version":3,"file":"lesson-06-1CE05TRX.js","sources":["../src/syllabi/grammar/lessons/lesson-06.mdx?raw"],"sourcesContent":["export default \"---\\ntype: lesson\\nid: thai-grammar-lesson-06\\ntitle: \\\"บทที่ 6 — การบอกเวลา\\\"\\ndescription: \\\"Time Expressions: Tense markers and time words\\\"\\norder: 6\\nparentId: thai-grammar\\ndifficulty: intermediate\\ncefrLevel: A2\\ncategories:\\n - grammar\\n - time\\n - tense\\nmetadata:\\n estimatedTime: 30\\n prerequisites:\\n - thai-grammar-lesson-05\\n objectives:\\n - \\\"Express past, present, and future\\\"\\n - \\\"Use time markers\\\"\\n - \\\"Understand aspect markers\\\"\\n---\\n\\n# บทที่ 6 (Lesson 6) — Time Expressions\\n\\n## Introduction\\n\\nThai verbs don't conjugate for tense. Instead, Thai uses **time words** and **aspect markers** to indicate when actions happen.\\n\\n## Time Words (Before Subject or Verb)\\n\\n| Thai | Romanization | Meaning |\\n|------|--------------|---------|\\n| เมื่อวาน | mûuea-waan | yesterday |\\n| วันนี้ | wan-níi | today |\\n| พรุ่งนี้ | phrûng-níi | tomorrow |\\n| ตอนนี้ | dtawn-níi | now |\\n| เดี๋ยว | dǐaw | in a moment |\\n| แล้ว | láew | already (past) |\\n| จะ | jà | will (future) |\\n\\n## Past: แล้ว (láew) - Already/Completed\\n\\nPlace **แล้ว** after the verb to indicate completion:\\n\\n| Thai | Meaning |\\n|------|---------|\\n| กินแล้ว | already ate |\\n| ไปแล้ว | already went |\\n| เสร็จแล้ว | finished already |\\n| รู้แล้ว | already know |\\n\\n## Future: จะ (jà) - Will\\n\\nPlace **จะ** before the verb for future actions:\\n\\n| Thai | Meaning |\\n|------|---------|\\n| จะไป | will go |\\n| จะกิน | will eat |\\n| จะทำ | will do |\\n| จะมา | will come |\\n\\n## Present/Ongoing: กำลัง (gam-lang)\\n\\nPlace **กำลัง** before the verb for actions in progress:\\n\\n| Thai | Meaning |\\n|------|---------|\\n| กำลังกิน | eating (right now) |\\n| กำลังทำงาน | working (right now) |\\n| กำลังนอน | sleeping (right now) |\\n\\n## Completed Action: เสร็จ (sèt)\\n\\n| Thai | Meaning |\\n|------|---------|\\n| กินเสร็จ | finished eating |\\n| ทำเสร็จ | finished doing |\\n| พูดเสร็จ | finished speaking |\\n\\n## \\\"Ever\\\" and \\\"Not Yet\\\"\\n\\n| Pattern | Meaning |\\n|---------|---------|\\n| เคย + V | have (ever) done |\\n| ไม่เคย + V | have never done |\\n| ยัง + V + อยู่ | still doing |\\n| ยังไม่ + V | not yet done |\\n\\nExamples:\\n- เคยไปเมืองไทยไหม? (Have you ever been to Thailand?)\\n- ยังไม่กิน (Haven't eaten yet)\\n\\n## Time Expression Examples\\n\\n| Thai | Pattern | Meaning |\\n|------|---------|---------|\\n| เมื่อวานผมไปตลาด | Time + S + V | I went to the market yesterday |\\n| พรุ่งนี้จะไปหาหมอ | Time + จะ + V | Tomorrow will see the doctor |\\n| กำลังกินข้าวอยู่ | กำลัง + V + อยู่ | Currently eating |\\n| กินข้าวแล้ว | V + แล้ว | Already ate |\\n\\n## Duration: มา...แล้ว\\n\\nTo express \\\"have been doing for [time]\\\":\\n\\n**V + มา + [duration] + แล้ว**\\n\\n| Thai | Meaning |\\n|------|---------|\\n| อยู่ที่นี่มา 2 ปีแล้ว | Have been here for 2 years |\\n| เรียนภาษาไทยมา 6 เดือนแล้ว | Have been studying Thai for 6 months |\\n\\n## Key Points\\n\\n1. **จะ** - Future (before verb)\\n2. **แล้ว** - Past/completed (after verb)\\n3. **กำลัง** - In progress (before verb)\\n4. **เคย** - Past experience (\\\"have ever\\\")\\n5. **ยัง** - \\\"Still\\\" or \\\"not yet\\\"\\n\\n## Time Expression Comparison Table\\n\\n| Time Marker | Position | Meaning | Example |\\n|-------------|----------|---------|---------|\\n| จะ | Before verb | Future/will | จะไป (will go) |\\n| แล้ว | After verb | Past/completed | ไปแล้ว (already went) |\\n| กำลัง | Before verb | In progress | กำลังกิน (eating now) |\\n| เคย | Before verb | Past experience | เคยไป (have been) |\\n| ยัง | Before verb | Still/not yet | ยังไม่กิน (not eaten yet) |\\n| เมื่อวาน | Before subject/verb | Yesterday | เมื่อวานไป (went yesterday) |\\n| พรุ่งนี้ | Before subject/verb | Tomorrow | พรุ่งนี้จะไป (will go tomorrow) |\\n\\n## Practice Exercises\\n\\n:::exercise{id=\\\"grammar-6-tense-markers\\\" type=\\\"matching\\\" title=\\\"Tense Marker Recognition\\\"}\\n\\n**Question:** Match each time expression to its meaning\\n\\n- จะไป\\n- ไปแล้ว\\n- กำลังกิน\\n- เคยไป\\n\\n**Answer:**\\n\\n- จะไป → Will go (future)\\n- ไปแล้ว → Already went (past/completed)\\n- กำลังกิน → Eating now (in progress)\\n- เคยไป → Have been (past experience)\\n\\n**Explanation:** Thai uses aspect markers rather than verb conjugation. จะ marks future, แล้ว marks completion, กำลัง marks ongoing action, and เคย marks past experience.\\n\\n:::\\n\\n:::exercise{id=\\\"grammar-6-time-placement\\\" type=\\\"fill-in-blank\\\" title=\\\"Time Word Placement\\\"}\\n\\n**Question:** Where do time words go in Thai sentences?\\n\\n**Answer:**\\n\\nTime words can go before the subject or before the verb. Examples:\\n- **เมื่อวาน** ผมไปตลาด (Yesterday I went to market)\\n- ผม**เมื่อวาน**ไปตลาด (I yesterday went to market)\\n\\nBoth are correct. Time words are flexible in position, but typically come early in the sentence.\\n\\n**Explanation:** Unlike English where time words often come at the end, Thai time words usually come at the beginning or right after the subject for clarity.\\n\\n:::\\n\\n:::exercise{id=\\\"grammar-6-duration\\\" type=\\\"multiple-choice\\\" title=\\\"Expressing Duration\\\"}\\n\\n**Question:** How do you say \\\"I have been studying Thai for 6 months\\\"?\\n\\n**Options:**\\n- เรียนภาษาไทย 6 เดือน\\n- เรียนภาษาไทยมา 6 เดือนแล้ว\\n- กำลังเรียนภาษาไทย 6 เดือน\\n- จะเรียนภาษาไทย 6 เดือน\\n\\n**Answer:** 2\\n\\n**Explanation:** The pattern for duration is: V + มา + [duration] + แล้ว. This means \\\"have been doing for [time]\\\". So \\\"have been studying for 6 months\\\" is เรียนภาษาไทยมา 6 เดือนแล้ว.\\n\\n:::\\n\\n## What's Next\\n\\nIn Lesson 7, you'll learn comparisons — how to say \\\"more than\\\", \\\"most\\\", \\\"same\\\", and \\\"different\\\" in Thai.\\n\""],"names":["lesson06"],"mappings":"AAAA,MAAAA,IAAe;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;"}