matrice-analytics 0.1.60__py3-none-any.whl

matrice_analytics/post_processing/usecases/parking.py

@@ -0,0 +1,787 @@
+"""
+Parking space Monitoring Use Case for Post-Processing
+
+This module provides parking space monitoring functionality with congestion detection,
+zone analysis, and alert generation.
+
+"""
+
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional
+from dataclasses import asdict
+import time
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
+
+from ..core.base import BaseProcessor, ProcessingContext, ProcessingResult, ConfigProtocol, ResultFormat
+from ..utils import (
+    filter_by_confidence,
+    filter_by_categories,
+    apply_category_mapping,
+    count_objects_by_category,
+    count_objects_in_zones,
+    calculate_counting_summary,
+    match_results_structure,
+    bbox_smoothing,
+    BBoxSmoothingConfig,
+    BBoxSmoothingTracker
+)
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from ..core.config import BaseConfig, AlertConfig, ZoneConfig
+
+
+@dataclass
+class ParkingConfig(BaseConfig):
+    """Configuration for parking space detection use case in parking monitoring."""
+    # Smoothing configuration
+    enable_smoothing: bool = True
+    smoothing_algorithm: str = "observability"  # "window" or "observability"
+    smoothing_window_size: int = 20
+    smoothing_cooldown_frames: int = 5
+    smoothing_confidence_range_factor: float = 0.5
+
+    #confidence thresholds
+    confidence_threshold: float = 0.6
+
+    usecase_categories: List[str] = field(
+        default_factory=lambda: ['occupied', 'empty']
+    )
+
+    target_categories: List[str] = field(
+        default_factory=lambda: ['occupied', 'empty']
+    )
+
+    alert_config: Optional[AlertConfig] = None
+
+    index_to_category: Optional[Dict[int, str]] = field(
+        default_factory=lambda: {
+           0: "occupied",
+           1: "empty"
+        }
+    )
+
+
+class ParkingUseCase(BaseProcessor):
+    def _get_track_ids_info(self, detections: list) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """
+        Get detailed information about track IDs (per frame).
+        """
+        # Collect all track_ids in this frame
+        frame_track_ids = set()
+        for det in detections:
+            tid = det.get('track_id')
+            if tid is not None:
+                frame_track_ids.add(tid)
+        # Use persistent total set for unique counting
+        total_track_ids = set()
+        for s in getattr(self, '_per_category_total_track_ids', {}).values():
+            total_track_ids.update(s)
+        return {
+            "total_count": len(total_track_ids),
+            "current_frame_count": len(frame_track_ids),
+            "total_unique_track_ids": len(total_track_ids),
+            "current_frame_track_ids": list(frame_track_ids),
+            "last_update_time": time.time(),
+            "total_frames_processed": getattr(self, '_total_frame_counter', 0)
+        }
+
+
+
+
+
+    def _update_tracking_state(self, detections: list):
+        """
+        Track unique categories track_ids per category for total count after tracking.
+        Applies canonical ID merging to avoid duplicate counting when the underlying
+        tracker loses an object temporarily and assigns a new ID.
+        """
+        # Lazily initialise storage dicts
+        if not hasattr(self, "_per_category_total_track_ids"):
+            self._per_category_total_track_ids = {cat: set() for cat in self.target_categories}
+        self._current_frame_track_ids = {cat: set() for cat in self.target_categories}
+
+        for det in detections:
+            cat = det.get("category")
+            raw_track_id = det.get("track_id")
+            if cat not in self.target_categories or raw_track_id is None:
+                continue
+            bbox = det.get("bounding_box", det.get("bbox"))
+            canonical_id = self._merge_or_register_track(raw_track_id, bbox)
+            # Propagate canonical ID back to detection so downstream logic uses it
+            det["track_id"] = canonical_id
+
+            self._per_category_total_track_ids.setdefault(cat, set()).add(canonical_id)
+            self._current_frame_track_ids[cat].add(canonical_id)
+
+    def get_total_counts(self):
+        """
+        Return total unique track_id count for each category.
+        """
+        return {cat: len(ids) for cat, ids in getattr(self, '_per_category_total_track_ids', {}).items()}
+
+    def _format_timestamp_for_video(self, timestamp: float) -> str:
+        """Format timestamp for video chunks (HH:MM:SS.ms format)."""
+        hours = int(timestamp // 3600)
+        minutes = int((timestamp % 3600) // 60)
+        seconds = timestamp % 60
+        return f"{hours:02d}:{minutes:02d}:{seconds:06.2f}"
+
+    def _format_timestamp_for_stream(self, timestamp: float) -> str:
+        """Format timestamp for streams (YYYY:MM:DD HH:MM:SS format)."""
+        dt = datetime.fromtimestamp(timestamp, tz=timezone.utc)
+        return dt.strftime('%Y:%m:%d %H:%M:%S')
+
+    def _get_current_timestamp_str(self, stream_info: Optional[Dict[str, Any]]) -> str:
+        """Get formatted current timestamp based on stream type."""
+        if not stream_info:
+            return "00:00:00.00"
+
+        is_video_chunk = stream_info.get("input_settings", {}).get("is_video_chunk", False)
+
+        # if is_video_chunk:
+        #     # For video chunks, use video_timestamp from stream_info
+        #     video_timestamp = stream_info.get("video_timestamp", 0.0)
+        #     return self._format_timestamp_for_video(video_timestamp)
+        if stream_info.get("input_settings", {}).get("stream_type", "video_file") == "video_file":
+            # If video format, return video timestamp
+            stream_time_str = stream_info.get("video_timestamp", "")
+            return stream_time_str[:8]
+        else:
+            # For streams, use stream_time from stream_info
+            stream_time_str = stream_info.get("stream_time", "")
+            if stream_time_str:
+                # Parse the high precision timestamp string to get timestamp
+                try:
+                    # Remove " UTC" suffix and parse
+                    timestamp_str = stream_time_str.replace(" UTC", "")
+                    dt = datetime.strptime(timestamp_str, "%Y-%m-%d-%H:%M:%S.%f")
+                    timestamp = dt.replace(tzinfo=timezone.utc).timestamp()
+                    return self._format_timestamp_for_stream(timestamp)
+                except:
+                    # Fallback to current time if parsing fails
+                    return self._format_timestamp_for_stream(time.time())
+            else:
+                return self._format_timestamp_for_stream(time.time())
+
+    def _get_start_timestamp_str(self, stream_info: Optional[Dict[str, Any]]) -> str:
+        """Get formatted start timestamp for 'TOTAL SINCE' based on stream type."""
+        if not stream_info:
+            return "00:00:00"
+
+        is_video_chunk = stream_info.get("input_settings", {}).get("is_video_chunk", False)
+
+        if is_video_chunk:
+            # For video chunks, start from 00:00:00
+            return "00:00:00"
+        elif stream_info.get("input_settings", {}).get("stream_type", "video_file") == "video_file":
+            # If video format, start from 00:00:00
+            return "00:00:00"
+        else:
+            # For streams, use tracking start time or current time with minutes/seconds reset
+            if self._tracking_start_time is None:
+                # Try to extract timestamp from stream_time string
+                stream_time_str = stream_info.get("stream_time", "")
+                if stream_time_str:
+                    try:
+                        # Remove " UTC" suffix and parse
+                        timestamp_str = stream_time_str.replace(" UTC", "")
+                        dt = datetime.strptime(timestamp_str, "%Y-%m-%d-%H:%M:%S.%f")
+                        self._tracking_start_time = dt.replace(tzinfo=timezone.utc).timestamp()
+                    except:
+                        # Fallback to current time if parsing fails
+                        self._tracking_start_time = time.time()
+                else:
+                    self._tracking_start_time = time.time()
+
+            dt = datetime.fromtimestamp(self._tracking_start_time, tz=timezone.utc)
+            # Reset minutes and seconds to 00:00 for "TOTAL SINCE" format
+            dt = dt.replace(minute=0, second=0, microsecond=0)
+            return dt.strftime('%Y:%m:%d %H:%M:%S')
+
+    """ Monitoring use case with smoothing and alerting."""
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        super().__init__("parking_det")
+        self.category = "general"
+
+        # List of  categories to track
+        self.target_categories = ["occupied", "empty"]
+
+
+
+        # Initialize smoothing tracker
+        self.smoothing_tracker = None
+
+        # Initialize advanced tracker (will be created on first use)
+        self.tracker = None
+
+        # Initialize tracking state variables
+        self._total_frame_counter = 0
+        self._global_frame_offset = 0
+
+        # Track start time for "TOTAL SINCE" calculation
+        self._tracking_start_time = None
+
+        # ------------------------------------------------------------------ #
+        # Canonical tracking aliasing to avoid duplicate counts              #
+        # ------------------------------------------------------------------ #
+        # Maps raw tracker-generated IDs to stable canonical IDs that persist
+        # even if the underlying tracker re-assigns a new ID after a short
+        # interruption. This mirrors the logic used in people_counting to
+        # provide accurate unique counting.
+        self._track_aliases: Dict[Any, Any] = {}
+        self._canonical_tracks: Dict[Any, Dict[str, Any]] = {}
+        # Tunable parameters – adjust if necessary for specific scenarios
+        self._track_merge_iou_threshold: float = 0.05  # IoU ≥ 0.05 →
+        self._track_merge_time_window: float = 7.0  # seconds within which to merge
+
+    def process(self, data: Any, config: ConfigProtocol, context: Optional[ProcessingContext] = None,
+                stream_info: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None) -> ProcessingResult:
+        """
+        Main entry point for  post-processing.
+        Applies category mapping, smoothing, counting, alerting, and summary generation.
+        Returns a ProcessingResult with all relevant outputs.
+        """
+        start_time = time.time()
+        # Ensure config is correct type
+        if not isinstance(config, ParkingConfig):
+            return self.create_error_result("Invalid config type", usecase=self.name, category=self.category,
+                                            context=context)
+        if context is None:
+            context = ProcessingContext()
+
+        # Detect input format and store in context
+        input_format = match_results_structure(data)
+        context.input_format = input_format
+        context.confidence_threshold = config.confidence_threshold
+
+        if config.confidence_threshold is not None:
+            processed_data = filter_by_confidence(data, config.confidence_threshold)
+            self.logger.debug(f"Applied confidence filtering with threshold {config.confidence_threshold}")
+        else:
+            processed_data = data
+            self.logger.debug(f"Did not apply confidence filtering with threshold since nothing was provided")
+
+        # Step 2: Apply category mapping if provided
+        if config.index_to_category:
+            processed_data = apply_category_mapping(processed_data, config.index_to_category)
+            self.logger.debug("Applied category mapping")
+
+        if config.target_categories:
+            processed_data = [d for d in processed_data if d.get('category') in self.target_categories]
+            self.logger.debug(f"Applied  category filtering")
+
+        # Apply bbox smoothing if enabled
+        if config.enable_smoothing:
+            if self.smoothing_tracker is None:
+                smoothing_config = BBoxSmoothingConfig(
+                    smoothing_algorithm=config.smoothing_algorithm,
+                    window_size=config.smoothing_window_size,
+                    cooldown_frames=config.smoothing_cooldown_frames,
+                    confidence_threshold=config.confidence_threshold,  # Use  threshold as default
+                    confidence_range_factor=config.smoothing_confidence_range_factor,
+                    enable_smoothing=True
+                )
+                self.smoothing_tracker = BBoxSmoothingTracker(smoothing_config)
+            processed_data = bbox_smoothing(processed_data, self.smoothing_tracker.config, self.smoothing_tracker)
+
+
+        # Advanced tracking (BYTETracker-like)
+        try:
+            from ..advanced_tracker import AdvancedTracker
+            from ..advanced_tracker.config import TrackerConfig
+
+            # Create tracker instance if it doesn't exist (preserves state across frames)
+            if self.tracker is None:
+                tracker_config = TrackerConfig()
+                self.tracker = AdvancedTracker(tracker_config)
+                self.logger.info("Initialized AdvancedTracker for  Monitoring and tracking")
+
+            # The tracker expects the data in the same format as input
+            # It will add track_id and frame_id to each detection
+            processed_data = self.tracker.update(processed_data)
+
+        except Exception as e:
+            # If advanced tracker fails, fallback to unsmoothed detections
+            self.logger.warning(f"AdvancedTracker failed: {e}")
+
+
+
+
+        # Update  tracking state for total count per label
+        self._update_tracking_state(processed_data)
+
+        # Update frame counter
+        self._total_frame_counter += 1
+
+        # Extract frame information from stream_info
+        frame_number = None
+        if stream_info:
+            input_settings = stream_info.get("input_settings", {})
+            start_frame = input_settings.get("start_frame")
+            end_frame = input_settings.get("end_frame")
+            # If start and end frame are the same, it's a single frame
+            if start_frame is not None and end_frame is not None and start_frame == end_frame:
+                frame_number = start_frame
+
+        # Compute summaries and alerts
+        general_counting_summary = calculate_counting_summary(data) #done
+        counting_summary = self._count_categories(processed_data, config) #done
+        # Add total unique  counts after tracking using only local state
+        total_counts = self.get_total_counts() #done
+        counting_summary['total_counts'] = total_counts #done
+        insights = self._generate_insights(counting_summary, config)#done
+        alerts = self._check_alerts(counting_summary, config)#done
+        predictions = self._extract_predictions(processed_data)#done
+        summary = self._generate_summary(counting_summary, alerts)#done
+
+        # Step: Generate structured events and tracking stats with frame-based keys
+        events_list = self._generate_events(counting_summary, alerts, config, frame_number, stream_info)#done
+        tracking_stats_list = self._generate_tracking_stats(counting_summary, insights, summary, config, frame_number,
+                                                            stream_info)
+
+        # Extract frame-based dictionaries from the lists
+        events = events_list[0] if events_list else {}
+        tracking_stats = tracking_stats_list[0] if tracking_stats_list else {}
+
+        context.mark_completed()
+
+        # Build result object
+        result = self.create_result(
+            data={
+                "counting_summary": counting_summary,
+                "general_counting_summary": general_counting_summary,
+                "alerts": alerts,
+                "total_detections": counting_summary.get("total_count", 0),
+                "events": events,
+                "tracking_stats": tracking_stats,
+            },
+            usecase=self.name,
+            category=self.category,
+            context=context
+        )
+        result.summary = summary
+        result.insights = insights
+        result.predictions = predictions
+        return result
+
+
+
+    def _generate_events(self, counting_summary: Dict, alerts: List, config: ParkingConfig,
+                         frame_number: Optional[int] = None, stream_info: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None) -> List[
+        Dict]:
+        """Generate structured events for the output format with frame-based keys."""
+        from datetime import datetime, timezone
+
+        # Use frame number as key, fallback to 'current_frame' if not available
+        frame_key = str(frame_number) if frame_number is not None else "current_frame"
+        events = [{frame_key: []}]
+        frame_events = events[0][frame_key]
+        total_detections = counting_summary.get("total_count", 0)
+
+        if total_detections > 0:
+            # Determine event level based on thresholds
+            level = "info"
+            intensity = 5.0
+            if config.alert_config and config.alert_config.count_thresholds:
+                threshold = config.alert_config.count_thresholds.get("all", 15)
+                intensity = min(10.0, (total_detections / threshold) * 10)
+
+                if intensity >= 7:
+                    level = "critical"
+                elif intensity >= 5:
+                    level = "warning"
+                else:
+                    level = "info"
+            else:
+                if total_detections > 25:
+                    level = "critical"
+                    intensity = 9.0
+                elif total_detections > 15:
+                    level = "warning"
+                    intensity = 7.0
+                else:
+                    level = "info"
+                    intensity = min(10.0, total_detections / 3.0)
+
+            # Generate human text in new format
+            human_text_lines = ["EVENTS DETECTED:"]
+            human_text_lines.append(f"    - {total_detections}  detected [INFO]")
+            human_text = "\n".join(human_text_lines)
+
+            event = {
+                "type": "parking_det",
+                "stream_time": datetime.now(timezone.utc).strftime("%Y-%m-%d-%H:%M:%S UTC"),
+                "level": level,
+                "intensity": round(intensity, 1),
+                "config": {
+                    "min_value": 0,
+                    "max_value": 10,
+                    "level_settings": {"info": 2, "warning": 5, "critical": 7}
+                },
+                "application_name": "parking space detection System",
+                "application_version": "1.2",
+                "location_info": None,
+                "human_text": human_text
+            }
+            frame_events.append(event)
+
+        # Add alert events
+        for alert in alerts:
+            total_detections = counting_summary.get("total_count", 0)
+            intensity_message = "ALERT: Low congestion in the scene"
+            if config.alert_config and config.alert_config.count_thresholds:
+                threshold = config.alert_config.count_thresholds.get("all", 15)
+                percentage = (total_detections / threshold) * 100 if threshold > 0 else 0
+                if percentage < 20:
+                    intensity_message = "ALERT: Low congestion in the scene"
+                elif percentage <= 50:
+                    intensity_message = "ALERT: Moderate congestion in the scene"
+                elif percentage <= 70:
+                    intensity_message = "ALERT: Heavy congestion in the scene"
+                else:
+                    intensity_message = "ALERT: Severe congestion in the scene"
+            else:
+                if total_detections > 15:
+                    intensity_message = "ALERT: Heavy congestion in the scene"
+                elif total_detections == 1:
+                    intensity_message = "ALERT: Low congestion in the scene"
+                else:
+                    intensity_message = "ALERT: Moderate congestion in the scene"
+
+            alert_event = {
+                "type": alert.get("type", "congestion_alert"),
+                "stream_time": datetime.now(timezone.utc).strftime("%Y-%m-%d-%H:%M:%S UTC"),
+                "level": alert.get("severity", "warning"),
+                "intensity": 8.0,
+                "config": {
+                    "min_value": 0,
+                    "max_value": 10,
+                    "level_settings": {"info": 2, "warning": 5, "critical": 7}
+                },
+                "application_name": "Congestion Alert System",
+                "application_version": "1.2",
+                "location_info": alert.get("zone"),
+                "human_text": f"{datetime.now(timezone.utc).strftime('%Y-%m-%d-%H:%M:%S UTC')} : {intensity_message}"
+            }
+            frame_events.append(alert_event)
+
+        return events
+
+    def _generate_tracking_stats(
+            self,
+            counting_summary: Dict,
+            insights: List[str],
+            summary: str,
+            config: ParkingConfig,
+            frame_number: Optional[int] = None,
+            stream_info: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None
+    ) -> List[Dict]:
+        """Generate structured tracking stats for the output format with frame-based keys, including track_ids_info."""
+        frame_key = str(frame_number) if frame_number is not None else "current_frame"
+        tracking_stats = [{frame_key: []}]
+        frame_tracking_stats = tracking_stats[0][frame_key]
+
+        total_detections = counting_summary.get("total_count", 0)
+        total_counts = counting_summary.get("total_counts", {})
+        cumulative_total = sum(total_counts.values()) if total_counts else 0
+        per_category_count = counting_summary.get("per_category_count", {})
+
+        track_ids_info = self._get_track_ids_info(counting_summary.get("detections", []))
+
+        current_timestamp = self._get_current_timestamp_str(stream_info)
+        start_timestamp = self._get_start_timestamp_str(stream_info)
+
+        human_text_lines = []
+
+        # CURRENT FRAME section
+        human_text_lines.append(f"CURRENT FRAME @ {current_timestamp}:")
+        if total_detections > 0:
+            category_counts = [f"{count} {cat}" for cat, count in per_category_count.items()]
+            if len(category_counts) == 1:
+                detection_text = category_counts[0] + " detected"
+            elif len(category_counts) == 2:
+                detection_text = f"{category_counts[0]} and {category_counts[1]} detected"
+            else:
+                detection_text = f"{', '.join(category_counts[:-1])}, and {category_counts[-1]} detected"
+            human_text_lines.append(f"\t- {detection_text}")
+        else:
+            human_text_lines.append(f"\t- No detections")
+
+        human_text_lines.append("")  # spacing
+
+        # TOTAL SINCE section
+        human_text_lines.append(f"TOTAL SINCE {start_timestamp}:")
+        human_text_lines.append(f"\t- Total  Detected: {cumulative_total}")
+        # Add category-wise counts
+        if total_counts:
+            for cat, count in total_counts.items():
+                if count > 0:  # Only include categories with non-zero counts
+                    human_text_lines.append(f"\t- {cat}: {count}")
+
+        human_text = "\n".join(human_text_lines)
+
+        tracking_stat = {
+            "type": "parking_det",
+            "category": "general",
+            "count": total_detections,
+            "insights": insights,
+            "summary": summary,
+            "timestamp": datetime.now(timezone.utc).strftime('%Y-%m-%d-%H:%M:%S UTC'),
+            "human_text": human_text,
+            "track_ids_info": track_ids_info,
+            "global_frame_offset": getattr(self, '_global_frame_offset', 0),
+            "local_frame_id": frame_key,
+            "detections": counting_summary.get("detections", [])  # Added line to include detections
+        }
+
+        frame_tracking_stats.append(tracking_stat)
+        return tracking_stats
+
+    def _count_categories(self, detections: list, config: ParkingConfig) -> dict:
+        """
+        Count the number of detections per category and return a summary dict.
+        The detections list is expected to have 'track_id' (from tracker), 'category', 'bounding_box', etc.
+        Output structure will include 'track_id' for each detection as per AdvancedTracker output.
+        """
+        counts = {}
+        for det in detections:
+            cat = det.get('category', 'unknown')
+            counts[cat] = counts.get(cat, 0) + 1
+        # Each detection dict will now include 'track_id' (and possibly 'frame_id')
+        return {
+            "total_count": sum(counts.values()),
+            "per_category_count": counts,
+            "detections": [
+                {
+                    "bounding_box": det.get("bounding_box"),
+                    "category": det.get("category"),
+                    "confidence": det.get("confidence"),
+                    "track_id": det.get("track_id"),
+                    "frame_id": det.get("frame_id")
+                }
+                for det in detections
+            ]
+        }
+
+    # Human-friendly display names for  categories
+    CATEGORY_DISPLAY = {
+        "occupied": "occupied",
+        "empty": "empty"
+    }
+
+    def _generate_insights(self, summary: dict, config: ParkingConfig) -> List[str]:
+        """
+        Generate human-readable insights for each category.
+        """
+        insights = []
+        per_cat = summary.get("per_category_count", {})
+        total_detections = summary.get("total_count", 0)
+
+        if total_detections == 0:
+            insights.append("No detections in the scene")
+            return insights
+        insights.append(f"EVENT: Detected {total_detections}  in the scene")
+        # Intensity calculation based on threshold percentage
+        intensity_threshold = None
+        if (config.alert_config and
+                config.alert_config.count_thresholds and
+                "all" in config.alert_config.count_thresholds):
+            intensity_threshold = config.alert_config.count_thresholds["all"]
+
+        if intensity_threshold is not None:
+            # Calculate percentage relative to threshold
+            percentage = (total_detections / intensity_threshold) * 100
+
+            if percentage < 20:
+                insights.append(f"INTENSITY: Low congestion in the scene ({percentage:.1f}% of capacity)")
+            elif percentage <= 50:
+                insights.append(f"INTENSITY: Moderate congestion in the scene ({percentage:.1f}% of capacity)")
+            elif percentage <= 70:
+                insights.append(f"INTENSITY:  Heavy congestion in the scene ({percentage:.1f}% of capacity)")
+            else:
+                insights.append(f"INTENSITY: Severe congestion in the scene ({percentage:.1f}% of capacity)")
+
+
+        for cat, count in per_cat.items():
+            display = self.CATEGORY_DISPLAY.get(cat, cat)
+            insights.append(f"{display}:{count}")
+        return insights
+
+    def _check_alerts(self, summary: dict, config: ParkingConfig) -> List[Dict]:
+        """
+        Check if any alert thresholds are exceeded and return alert dicts.
+        """
+        alerts = []
+        if not config.alert_config:
+            return alerts
+        total = summary.get("total_count", 0)
+        if config.alert_config.count_thresholds:
+            for category, threshold in config.alert_config.count_thresholds.items():
+                if category == "all" and total >= threshold:
+                    timestamp = datetime.now(timezone.utc).strftime('%Y-%m-%d-%H:%M:%S UTC')
+                    alert_description = f"detections count ({total}) exceeds threshold ({threshold})"
+                    alerts.append({
+                        "type": "count_threshold",
+                        "severity": "warning",
+                        "message": f"Total detections count ({total}) exceeds threshold ({threshold})",
+                        "category": category,
+                        "current_count": total,
+                        "threshold": threshold
+                    })
+                elif category in summary.get("per_category_count", {}):
+                    count = summary.get("per_category_count", {})[category]
+                    if count >= threshold:
+                        alerts.append({
+                            "type": "count_threshold",
+                            "severity": "warning",
+                            "message": f"{category} count ({count}) exceeds threshold ({threshold})",
+                            "category": category,
+                            "current_count": count,
+                            "threshold": threshold
+                        })
+        return alerts
+
+    def _extract_predictions(self, detections: list) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        """
+        Extract prediction details for output (category, confidence, bounding box).
+        """
+        return [
+            {
+                "category": det.get("category", "unknown"),
+                "confidence": det.get("confidence", 0.0),
+                "bounding_box": det.get("bounding_box", {})
+            }
+            for det in detections
+        ]
+
+    def _generate_summary(self, summary: dict, alerts: List) -> str:
+        """
+        Generate a human_text string for the result, including per-category insights if available.
+        Adds a tab before each  label for better formatting.
+        Also always includes the cumulative count so far.
+        """
+        total = summary.get("total_count", 0)
+        per_cat = summary.get("per_category_count", {})
+        cumulative = summary.get("total_counts", {})
+        cumulative_total = sum(cumulative.values()) if cumulative else 0
+        lines = []
+        if total > 0:
+            lines.append(f"{total} detections")
+            if per_cat:
+                lines.append("detections:")
+                for cat, count in per_cat.items():
+                    lines.append(f"\t{cat}:{count}")
+        else:
+            lines.append("No  detections")
+        lines.append(f"Total detections: {cumulative_total}")
+        if alerts:
+            lines.append(f"{len(alerts)} alert(s)")
+        return "\n".join(lines)
+
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------------ #
+    # Canonical ID helpers                                               #
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------------ #
+    def _compute_iou(self, box1: Any, box2: Any) -> float:
+        """Compute IoU between two bounding boxes which may be dicts or lists.
+        Falls back to 0 when insufficient data is available."""
+
+        # Helper to convert bbox (dict or list) to [x1, y1, x2, y2]
+        def _bbox_to_list(bbox):
+            if bbox is None:
+                return []
+            if isinstance(bbox, list):
+                return bbox[:4] if len(bbox) >= 4 else []
+            if isinstance(bbox, dict):
+                if "xmin" in bbox:
+                    return [bbox["xmin"], bbox["ymin"], bbox["xmax"], bbox["ymax"]]
+                if "x1" in bbox:
+                    return [bbox["x1"], bbox["y1"], bbox["x2"], bbox["y2"]]
+                # Fallback: first four numeric values
+                values = [v for v in bbox.values() if isinstance(v, (int, float))]
+                return values[:4] if len(values) >= 4 else []
+            return []
+
+        l1 = _bbox_to_list(box1)
+        l2 = _bbox_to_list(box2)
+        if len(l1) < 4 or len(l2) < 4:
+            return 0.0
+        x1_min, y1_min, x1_max, y1_max = l1
+        x2_min, y2_min, x2_max, y2_max = l2
+
+        # Ensure correct order
+        x1_min, x1_max = min(x1_min, x1_max), max(x1_min, x1_max)
+        y1_min, y1_max = min(y1_min, y1_max), max(y1_min, y1_max)
+        x2_min, x2_max = min(x2_min, x2_max), max(x2_min, x2_max)
+        y2_min, y2_max = min(y2_min, y2_max), max(y2_min, y2_max)
+
+        inter_x_min = max(x1_min, x2_min)
+        inter_y_min = max(y1_min, y2_min)
+        inter_x_max = min(x1_max, x2_max)
+        inter_y_max = min(y1_max, y2_max)
+
+        inter_w = max(0.0, inter_x_max - inter_x_min)
+        inter_h = max(0.0, inter_y_max - inter_y_min)
+        inter_area = inter_w * inter_h
+
+        area1 = (x1_max - x1_min) * (y1_max - y1_min)
+        area2 = (x2_max - x2_min) * (y2_max - y2_min)
+        union_area = area1 + area2 - inter_area
+
+        return (inter_area / union_area) if union_area > 0 else 0.0
+
+    def _merge_or_register_track(self, raw_id: Any, bbox: Any) -> Any:
+        """Return a stable canonical ID for a raw tracker ID, merging fragmented
+        tracks when IoU and temporal constraints indicate they represent the
+        same physical."""
+        if raw_id is None or bbox is None:
+            # Nothing to merge
+            return raw_id
+
+        now = time.time()
+
+        # Fast path – raw_id already mapped
+        if raw_id in self._track_aliases:
+            canonical_id = self._track_aliases[raw_id]
+            track_info = self._canonical_tracks.get(canonical_id)
+            if track_info is not None:
+                track_info["last_bbox"] = bbox
+                track_info["last_update"] = now
+                track_info["raw_ids"].add(raw_id)
+            return canonical_id
+
+        # Attempt to merge with an existing canonical track
+        for canonical_id, info in self._canonical_tracks.items():
+            # Only consider recently updated tracks
+            if now - info["last_update"] > self._track_merge_time_window:
+                continue
+            iou = self._compute_iou(bbox, info["last_bbox"])
+            if iou >= self._track_merge_iou_threshold:
+                # Merge
+                self._track_aliases[raw_id] = canonical_id
+                info["last_bbox"] = bbox
+                info["last_update"] = now
+                info["raw_ids"].add(raw_id)
+                return canonical_id
+
+        # No match – register new canonical track
+        canonical_id = raw_id
+        self._track_aliases[raw_id] = canonical_id
+        self._canonical_tracks[canonical_id] = {
+            "last_bbox": bbox,
+            "last_update": now,
+            "raw_ids": {raw_id},
+        }
+        return canonical_id
+
+    def _format_timestamp(self, timestamp: float) -> str:
+        """Format a timestamp for human-readable output."""
+        return datetime.fromtimestamp(timestamp, timezone.utc).strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S UTC')
+
+    def _get_tracking_start_time(self) -> str:
+        """Get the tracking start time, formatted as a string."""
+        if self._tracking_start_time is None:
+            return "N/A"
+        return self._format_timestamp(self._tracking_start_time)
+
+    def _set_tracking_start_time(self) -> None:
+        """Set the tracking start time to the current time."""
+        self._tracking_start_time = time.time()