@syllst/th 0.1.0
This diff represents the content of publicly available package versions that have been released to one of the supported registries. The information contained in this diff is provided for informational purposes only and reflects changes between package versions as they appear in their respective public registries.
- package/dist/index.d.ts +45 -0
- package/dist/index.d.ts.map +1 -0
- package/dist/index.js +68 -0
- package/dist/index.js.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/alphabet/index.d.ts +10 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/alphabet/index.d.ts.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/alphabet/index.js +38 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/alphabet/index.js.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/dialogue/index.d.ts +10 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/dialogue/index.d.ts.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/dialogue/index.js +34 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/dialogue/index.js.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/essentials/index.d.ts +10 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/essentials/index.d.ts.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/essentials/index.js +32 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/essentials/index.js.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/food/index.d.ts +10 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/food/index.d.ts.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/food/index.js +34 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/food/index.js.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/grammar/index.d.ts +10 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/grammar/index.d.ts.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/grammar/index.js +34 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/grammar/index.js.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/numbers/index.d.ts +10 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/numbers/index.d.ts.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/numbers/index.js +31 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/numbers/index.js.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/reading/index.d.ts +10 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/reading/index.d.ts.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/reading/index.js +36 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/reading/index.js.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/travel/index.d.ts +10 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/travel/index.d.ts.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/travel/index.js +33 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/travel/index.js.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/vowels-tones/index.d.ts +10 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/vowels-tones/index.d.ts.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/vowels-tones/index.js +34 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/vowels-tones/index.js.map +1 -0
- package/package.json +85 -0
- package/src/syllabi/alphabet/lessons/lesson-01.mdx +142 -0
- package/src/syllabi/alphabet/lessons/lesson-02.mdx +186 -0
- package/src/syllabi/alphabet/lessons/lesson-03.mdx +140 -0
- package/src/syllabi/alphabet/lessons/lesson-04.mdx +202 -0
- package/src/syllabi/alphabet/lessons/lesson-05.mdx +186 -0
- package/src/syllabi/alphabet/lessons/lesson-06.mdx +217 -0
- package/src/syllabi/alphabet/lessons/lesson-07.mdx +219 -0
- package/src/syllabi/alphabet/lessons/lesson-08.mdx +210 -0
- package/src/syllabi/alphabet/lessons/lesson-09.mdx +204 -0
- package/src/syllabi/alphabet/lessons/lesson-10.mdx +216 -0
- package/src/syllabi/alphabet/lessons/lesson-11.mdx +243 -0
- package/src/syllabi/alphabet/lessons/lesson-12.mdx +260 -0
- package/src/syllabi/alphabet/meta.mdx +106 -0
- package/src/syllabi/dialogue/lessons/lesson-01.mdx +98 -0
- package/src/syllabi/dialogue/lessons/lesson-02.mdx +107 -0
- package/src/syllabi/dialogue/lessons/lesson-03.mdx +111 -0
- package/src/syllabi/dialogue/lessons/lesson-04.mdx +159 -0
- package/src/syllabi/dialogue/lessons/lesson-05.mdx +176 -0
- package/src/syllabi/dialogue/lessons/lesson-06.mdx +159 -0
- package/src/syllabi/dialogue/lessons/lesson-07.mdx +184 -0
- package/src/syllabi/dialogue/lessons/lesson-08.mdx +192 -0
- package/src/syllabi/dialogue/meta.mdx +58 -0
- package/src/syllabi/essentials/lessons/lesson-01.mdx +125 -0
- package/src/syllabi/essentials/lessons/lesson-02.mdx +191 -0
- package/src/syllabi/essentials/lessons/lesson-03.mdx +212 -0
- package/src/syllabi/essentials/lessons/lesson-04.mdx +220 -0
- package/src/syllabi/essentials/lessons/lesson-05.mdx +231 -0
- package/src/syllabi/essentials/lessons/lesson-06.mdx +260 -0
- package/src/syllabi/essentials/meta.mdx +99 -0
- package/src/syllabi/food/lessons/lesson-01.mdx +140 -0
- package/src/syllabi/food/lessons/lesson-02.mdx +209 -0
- package/src/syllabi/food/lessons/lesson-03.mdx +224 -0
- package/src/syllabi/food/lessons/lesson-04.mdx +217 -0
- package/src/syllabi/food/lessons/lesson-05.mdx +231 -0
- package/src/syllabi/food/lessons/lesson-06.mdx +225 -0
- package/src/syllabi/food/lessons/lesson-07.mdx +235 -0
- package/src/syllabi/food/lessons/lesson-08.mdx +274 -0
- package/src/syllabi/food/meta.mdx +102 -0
- package/src/syllabi/grammar/lessons/lesson-01.mdx +86 -0
- package/src/syllabi/grammar/lessons/lesson-02.mdx +105 -0
- package/src/syllabi/grammar/lessons/lesson-03.mdx +170 -0
- package/src/syllabi/grammar/lessons/lesson-04.mdx +179 -0
- package/src/syllabi/grammar/lessons/lesson-05.mdx +170 -0
- package/src/syllabi/grammar/lessons/lesson-06.mdx +191 -0
- package/src/syllabi/grammar/lessons/lesson-07.mdx +195 -0
- package/src/syllabi/grammar/lessons/lesson-08.mdx +209 -0
- package/src/syllabi/grammar/meta.mdx +57 -0
- package/src/syllabi/numbers/lessons/lesson-01.mdx +115 -0
- package/src/syllabi/numbers/lessons/lesson-02.mdx +186 -0
- package/src/syllabi/numbers/lessons/lesson-03.mdx +179 -0
- package/src/syllabi/numbers/lessons/lesson-04.mdx +201 -0
- package/src/syllabi/numbers/lessons/lesson-05.mdx +203 -0
- package/src/syllabi/numbers/meta.mdx +93 -0
- package/src/syllabi/reading/lessons/lesson-01.mdx +125 -0
- package/src/syllabi/reading/lessons/lesson-02.mdx +134 -0
- package/src/syllabi/reading/lessons/lesson-03.mdx +127 -0
- package/src/syllabi/reading/lessons/lesson-04.mdx +130 -0
- package/src/syllabi/reading/lessons/lesson-05.mdx +132 -0
- package/src/syllabi/reading/lessons/lesson-06.mdx +130 -0
- package/src/syllabi/reading/lessons/lesson-07.mdx +131 -0
- package/src/syllabi/reading/lessons/lesson-08.mdx +135 -0
- package/src/syllabi/reading/lessons/lesson-09.mdx +132 -0
- package/src/syllabi/reading/lessons/lesson-10.mdx +145 -0
- package/src/syllabi/reading/meta.mdx +46 -0
- package/src/syllabi/travel/lessons/lesson-01.mdx +142 -0
- package/src/syllabi/travel/lessons/lesson-02.mdx +156 -0
- package/src/syllabi/travel/lessons/lesson-03.mdx +158 -0
- package/src/syllabi/travel/lessons/lesson-04.mdx +165 -0
- package/src/syllabi/travel/lessons/lesson-05.mdx +167 -0
- package/src/syllabi/travel/lessons/lesson-06.mdx +177 -0
- package/src/syllabi/travel/lessons/lesson-07.mdx +181 -0
- package/src/syllabi/travel/meta.mdx +58 -0
- package/src/syllabi/vowels-tones/lessons/lesson-01.mdx +101 -0
- package/src/syllabi/vowels-tones/lessons/lesson-02.mdx +163 -0
- package/src/syllabi/vowels-tones/lessons/lesson-03.mdx +168 -0
- package/src/syllabi/vowels-tones/lessons/lesson-04.mdx +170 -0
- package/src/syllabi/vowels-tones/lessons/lesson-05.mdx +189 -0
- package/src/syllabi/vowels-tones/lessons/lesson-06.mdx +187 -0
- package/src/syllabi/vowels-tones/lessons/lesson-07.mdx +217 -0
- package/src/syllabi/vowels-tones/lessons/lesson-08.mdx +260 -0
- package/src/syllabi/vowels-tones/meta.mdx +89 -0
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---
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type: lesson
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id: thai-dialogue-lesson-08
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title: "บทที่ 8 — นัดหมาย"
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description: "Making Plans: Suggesting, agreeing, and declining"
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order: 8
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parentId: thai-dialogue
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difficulty: intermediate
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cefrLevel: B1
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categories:
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- dialogue
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- social
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- plans
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metadata:
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estimatedTime: 30
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prerequisites:
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- thai-dialogue-lesson-07
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objectives:
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- "Suggest activities"
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- "Accept and decline invitations politely"
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- "Set times and places to meet"
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- "Reschedule plans"
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---
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# บทที่ 8 (Lesson 8) — Making Plans
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## Situation
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You're making plans with a Thai friend.
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## Dialogue
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:::dialogue{id="plans-dialogue-1" title="Weekend Plans"}
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**เพื่อน (Friend):** วันเสาร์นี้ว่างไหมครับ/คะ?
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*wan-sǎo níi wâang mái khráp/khá?*
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Are you free this Saturday?
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**คุณ (You):** ว่างครับ/ค่ะ มีอะไรครับ/คะ?
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*wâang khráp/khâ, mii à-rai khráp/khá?*
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Yes, I'm free. What's up?
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**เพื่อน:** ไปกินข้าวด้วยกันไหมครับ/คะ?
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*bpai gin khâao dûuay-gan mái khráp/khá?*
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Want to go eat together?
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**คุณ:** ได้เลยครับ/ค่ะ ไปกินที่ไหนดีครับ/คะ?
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*dâai ləəi khráp/khâ, bpai gin thîi-nǎi dii khráp/khá?*
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Sure! Where should we go?
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**เพื่อน:** รู้จักร้านอาหารไทยอร่อยๆ อยู่แถวสยามครับ/ค่ะ
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*rúu-jàk ráan aa-hǎan thai à-ràwy à-ràwy yùu thǎew sà-yǎam khráp/khâ*
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I know a delicious Thai restaurant near Siam.
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**คุณ:** ดีเลยครับ/ค่ะ เจอกันกี่โมงดีครับ/คะ?
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*dii ləəi khráp/khâ, jəə gan gìi moong dii khráp/khá?*
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Sounds good! What time should we meet?
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**เพื่อน:** 6 โมงเย็นได้ไหมครับ/คะ?
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*hòk moong yen dâai mái khráp/khá?*
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How about 6 PM?
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**คุณ:** ได้ครับ/ค่ะ เจอกันที่หน้าร้านเลยนะครับ/คะ
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*dâai khráp/khâ, jəə gan thîi nâa ráan ləəi ná khráp/khâ*
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OK. Let's meet in front of the restaurant.
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**เพื่อน:** ตกลงครับ/ค่ะ แล้วเจอกันครับ/ค่ะ!
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*dtòk-long khráp/khâ, láew jəə gan khráp/khâ!*
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Deal! See you then!
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:::
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## Key Phrases
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| Thai | Romanization | Meaning |
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|------|--------------|---------|
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| ว่างไหม? | wâang mái? | Are you free? |
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| ว่าง | wâang | free (available) |
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| ไม่ว่าง | mâi wâang | not free (busy) |
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| ...ด้วยกันไหม? | ...dûuay-gan mái? | Want to...together? |
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| ได้เลย | dâai ləəi | Sure!/Absolutely! |
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| เจอกันกี่โมง? | jəə gan gìi moong? | What time shall we meet? |
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| ตกลง | dtòk-long | Deal/Agreed |
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| แล้วเจอกัน | láew jəə gan | See you later |
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## Suggesting Activities
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| Thai | Meaning |
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|------|---------|
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| ไปกินข้าวไหม? | Want to eat? |
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| ไปดูหนังไหม? | Want to watch a movie? |
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| ไปเที่ยวไหม? | Want to go out? |
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| มากินข้าวบ้านไหม? | Want to come eat at my house? |
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| ไปออกกำลังกายไหม? | Want to exercise? |
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## Accepting
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| Thai | Meaning |
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|------|---------|
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| ได้เลย | Sure! |
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| ดีเลย | Sounds good! |
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| ยินดีเลย | I'd love to! |
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| ไปเลย! | Let's go! |
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## Declining Politely
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| Thai | Meaning |
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|------|---------|
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| ขอโทษนะ ไม่ว่าง | Sorry, I'm busy |
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| วันนี้ไม่สะดวก | Today isn't convenient |
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| ไว้โอกาสหน้านะ | Maybe next time |
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| ขอเลื่อนได้ไหม? | Can we reschedule? |
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## Time Expressions
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| Thai | Meaning |
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|------|---------|
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| วันนี้ | today |
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| พรุ่งนี้ | tomorrow |
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| มะรืน | day after tomorrow |
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| วันเสาร์นี้ | this Saturday |
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| สัปดาห์หน้า | next week |
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| เดือนหน้า | next month |
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## Cultural Note
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Thais often make plans somewhat loosely and last-minute changes are common. Don't be surprised if plans get adjusted. The phrase "ไว้โอกาสหน้า" (next time) is a polite way to decline without committing - it doesn't always mean there will be a next time! Also, "ตกลง" (agreed/deal) is commonly used to confirm plans, similar to "deal" in English.
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## Practice Exercises
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:::exercise{id="dialogue-8-making-plans" type="matching" title="Planning Phrases"}
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**Question:** Match each phrase to its meaning
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- ว่างไหม
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- ...ด้วยกันไหม
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- ได้เลย
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- ตกลง
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**Answer:**
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- ว่างไหม → Are you free? (asking availability)
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- ...ด้วยกันไหม → Want to...together? (suggesting joint activity)
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- ได้เลย → Sure!/Absolutely! (enthusiastic acceptance)
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- ตกลง → Deal/Agreed (confirming plans)
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**Explanation:** These phrases are essential for making plans. ว่าง means "free/available". ด้วยกัน means "together". ได้เลย is enthusiastic agreement. ตกลง confirms the plan.
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:::
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:::exercise{id="dialogue-8-declining" type="fill-in-blank" title="Politely Declining"}
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**Question:** How do you politely decline an invitation in Thai?
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**Answer:**
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You can say:
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- ขอโทษนะ ไม่ว่าง (Sorry, I'm busy)
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- วันนี้ไม่สะดวก (Today isn't convenient)
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- ไว้โอกาสหน้านะ (Maybe next time)
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**Explanation:** Thai culture values politeness, so always decline gently. ไว้โอกาสหน้า (next time) is a polite way to decline without being too direct. It doesn't necessarily mean you'll meet next time - it's just a polite refusal.
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:::
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:::exercise{id="dialogue-8-time-expressions" type="multiple-choice" title="Time Expressions"}
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**Question:** How do you say "this Saturday" in Thai?
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**Options:**
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- วันเสาร์
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- วันเสาร์นี้
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- วันเสาร์หน้า
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- วันเสาร์ที่แล้ว
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**Answer:** 2
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**Explanation:** นี้ means "this" and is added after the day name. So วันเสาร์นี้ means "this Saturday". หน้า means "next" (วันเสาร์หน้า = next Saturday), and ที่แล้ว means "last" (วันเสาร์ที่แล้ว = last Saturday).
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:::
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## Course Complete!
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ยินดีด้วย! (Congratulations!)
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You've completed the Thai Dialogues course! You can now handle conversations in:
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- Markets and restaurants
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- Hotels and transportation
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- Social situations and shopping
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- Making plans with friends
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Keep practicing these dialogues, and don't be afraid to make mistakes - Thais appreciate the effort! โชคดี! (Good luck!)
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---
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type: syllabus
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id: thai-dialogue
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title: "บทสนทนา (Thai Dialogues)"
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description: "Real conversations for everyday situations in Thailand"
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language: th
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version: "1.0.0"
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totalLessons: 8
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totalItems: 80
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cefrLevel: A2-B1
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categories:
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- dialogue
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- conversation
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- practical
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metadata:
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16
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estimatedTime: 240
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objectives:
|
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18
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- "Hold conversations in common Thai situations"
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19
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- "Understand and respond to native speakers"
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- "Use appropriate politeness levels"
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- "Handle unexpected responses gracefully"
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---
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24
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# บทสนทนา (Thai Dialogues)
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## Overview
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Move beyond isolated vocabulary to real conversations! This course teaches you dialogues for 8 essential situations you'll encounter in Thailand.
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30
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## Course Structure
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| Lesson | Situation | Key Phrases |
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|--------|-----------|-------------|
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| 1 | At the Market | Bargaining, asking price |
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| 2 | At the Restaurant | Ordering, special requests |
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36
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| 3 | Asking Directions | Where is...?, How do I get to...? |
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| 4 | At the Hotel | Check-in, room requests |
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| 5 | Taking Transportation | Taxi, BTS, fares |
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| 6 | Meeting People | Introductions, small talk |
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| 7 | Shopping | Sizes, colors, trying on |
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| 8 | Making Plans | Suggesting, agreeing, declining |
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+
|
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## Dialogue Format
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+
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Each lesson includes:
|
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- **Situation context** - Where and when
|
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47
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- **Full dialogue** - Complete conversation with translations
|
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48
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- **Key phrases** - Most useful expressions to memorize
|
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49
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- **Cultural notes** - Thai social customs and politeness
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- **Variations** - Alternative responses and follow-ups
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|
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## Politeness Levels
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Thai conversations use different endings based on gender:
|
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- **ครับ (khráp)** - Male speaker (polite)
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- **ค่ะ/คะ (khâ/khá)** - Female speaker (polite statement/question)
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Dialogues show both forms where appropriate.
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---
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type: lesson
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3
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id: thai-essentials-lesson-01
|
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4
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title: "บทที่ 1 — ทักทายและแนะนำตัว"
|
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5
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+
description: "Greetings & Introductions: สวัสดี and meeting people"
|
|
6
|
+
order: 1
|
|
7
|
+
parentId: thai-essentials
|
|
8
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+
difficulty: beginner
|
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9
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+
cefrLevel: A1
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10
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+
categories:
|
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11
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+
- greetings
|
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12
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+
- introductions
|
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13
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+
- basics
|
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14
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metadata:
|
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15
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+
estimatedTime: 30
|
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16
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+
prerequisites: []
|
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17
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+
objectives:
|
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18
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+
- "Say hello and goodbye properly"
|
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19
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- "Introduce yourself with name and nationality"
|
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20
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- "Ask someone's name politely"
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- "Understand the wai gesture"
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---
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|
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24
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# บทที่ 1 (Lesson 1) — Greetings & Introductions
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## Introduction
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27
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|
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The first words you'll use in Thai are greetings. Thai has one versatile greeting word — สวัสดี (sà-wàt-dii) — that works for hello, goodbye, and general well-wishing. Combined with the polite particle, it's your key to making a good first impression.
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+
|
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30
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## The Universal Greeting
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31
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|
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32
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:::vocabulary-set{id="thai-greetings" title="Basic Greetings"}
|
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33
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+
|
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34
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+
::vocab-item{id="sawatdee" word="สวัสดี" pronunciation="sà-wàt-dii" meaning="Hello / Goodbye / Greetings"}
|
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35
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+
|
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36
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::vocab-item{id="sawatdee-khrap" word="สวัสดีครับ" pronunciation="sà-wàt-dii khráp" meaning="Hello (male speaker)"}
|
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37
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+
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38
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+
::vocab-item{id="sawatdee-kha" word="สวัสดีค่ะ" pronunciation="sà-wàt-dii khâ" meaning="Hello (female speaker)"}
|
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39
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+
|
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:::
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41
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+
|
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42
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+
## Time-Specific Greetings
|
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43
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+
|
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44
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+
While สวัสดี works anytime, you can also use:
|
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45
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+
|
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46
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+
| Thai | Pronunciation | Meaning |
|
|
47
|
+
|------|---------------|---------|
|
|
48
|
+
| อรุณสวัสดิ์ | à-run-sà-wàt | Good morning (formal) |
|
|
49
|
+
| สวัสดีตอนเช้า | sà-wàt-dii dtɔɔn-cháo | Good morning |
|
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50
|
+
| สวัสดีตอนบ่าย | sà-wàt-dii dtɔɔn-bàai | Good afternoon |
|
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51
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+
| ราตรีสวัสดิ์ | raa-dtrii-sà-wàt | Good night (formal) |
|
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52
|
+
|
|
53
|
+
## Introducing Yourself
|
|
54
|
+
|
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55
|
+
:::vocabulary-set{id="thai-introductions" title="Self-Introduction"}
|
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56
|
+
|
|
57
|
+
::vocab-item{id="phom" word="ผม" pronunciation="phǒm" meaning="I (male)"}
|
|
58
|
+
|
|
59
|
+
::vocab-item{id="dichan" word="ดิฉัน" pronunciation="dì-chǎn" meaning="I (female, formal)"}
|
|
60
|
+
|
|
61
|
+
::vocab-item{id="chan" word="ฉัน" pronunciation="chǎn" meaning="I (casual)"}
|
|
62
|
+
|
|
63
|
+
::vocab-item{id="chue" word="ชื่อ" pronunciation="chʉ̂ʉ" meaning="name"}
|
|
64
|
+
|
|
65
|
+
::vocab-item{id="khon-thai" word="คนไทย" pronunciation="khon thai" meaning="Thai person"}
|
|
66
|
+
|
|
67
|
+
:::
|
|
68
|
+
|
|
69
|
+
## Key Phrases
|
|
70
|
+
|
|
71
|
+
| Thai | Pronunciation | Meaning |
|
|
72
|
+
|------|---------------|---------|
|
|
73
|
+
| ผม/ดิฉันชื่อ... | phǒm/dì-chǎn chʉ̂ʉ... | My name is... |
|
|
74
|
+
| คุณชื่ออะไร | khun chʉ̂ʉ à-rai | What's your name? |
|
|
75
|
+
| ยินดีที่ได้รู้จัก | yin-dii thîi dâai rúu-jàk | Nice to meet you |
|
|
76
|
+
| คุณเป็นคนที่ไหน | khun bpen khon thîi-nǎi | Where are you from? |
|
|
77
|
+
| ผม/ดิฉันมาจาก... | phǒm/dì-chǎn maa jàak... | I'm from... |
|
|
78
|
+
|
|
79
|
+
## The Wai (ไหว้)
|
|
80
|
+
|
|
81
|
+
The traditional Thai greeting gesture:
|
|
82
|
+
|
|
83
|
+
1. **Press palms together** at chest level, fingers pointing up
|
|
84
|
+
2. **Bow slightly** from the shoulders
|
|
85
|
+
3. **Say สวัสดี** + polite particle
|
|
86
|
+
|
|
87
|
+
**When to wai:**
|
|
88
|
+
- Meeting someone for the first time
|
|
89
|
+
- Greeting elders or superiors
|
|
90
|
+
- Showing respect or gratitude
|
|
91
|
+
- Formal situations
|
|
92
|
+
|
|
93
|
+
**When NOT to wai:**
|
|
94
|
+
- To children younger than you
|
|
95
|
+
- To service workers (a smile is fine)
|
|
96
|
+
- When your hands are full (nod instead)
|
|
97
|
+
|
|
98
|
+
## Countries & Nationalities
|
|
99
|
+
|
|
100
|
+
| Country | Thai | Nationality |
|
|
101
|
+
|---------|------|-------------|
|
|
102
|
+
| Thailand | ประเทศไทย | คนไทย (khon thai) |
|
|
103
|
+
| America | อเมริกา | คนอเมริกัน (khon a-mee-ri-gan) |
|
|
104
|
+
| England | อังกฤษ | คนอังกฤษ (khon ang-grìt) |
|
|
105
|
+
| Japan | ญี่ปุ่น | คนญี่ปุ่น (khon yîi-bpùn) |
|
|
106
|
+
| China | จีน | คนจีน (khon jiin) |
|
|
107
|
+
|
|
108
|
+
## Sample Conversation
|
|
109
|
+
|
|
110
|
+
**A**: สวัสดีครับ/ค่ะ (Hello)
|
|
111
|
+
**B**: สวัสดีครับ/ค่ะ (Hello)
|
|
112
|
+
**A**: ผม/ดิฉันชื่อจอห์น คุณชื่ออะไรครับ/คะ (My name is John. What's your name?)
|
|
113
|
+
**B**: ดิฉันชื่อสมศรีค่ะ ยินดีที่ได้รู้จักค่ะ (My name is Somsri. Nice to meet you.)
|
|
114
|
+
**A**: ยินดีที่ได้รู้จักครับ (Nice to meet you too.)
|
|
115
|
+
|
|
116
|
+
## Key Points
|
|
117
|
+
|
|
118
|
+
1. **สวัสดี works everywhere**: Morning, afternoon, evening, hello, goodbye
|
|
119
|
+
2. **Always add polite particle**: ครับ for men, ค่ะ/คะ for women
|
|
120
|
+
3. **Wai appropriately**: Match the depth to the relationship
|
|
121
|
+
4. **Smile**: It's called the Land of Smiles for a reason!
|
|
122
|
+
|
|
123
|
+
## What's Next
|
|
124
|
+
|
|
125
|
+
In Lesson 2, you'll master the polite particle system — the key to speaking properly in all situations.
|
|
@@ -0,0 +1,191 @@
|
|
|
1
|
+
---
|
|
2
|
+
type: lesson
|
|
3
|
+
id: thai-essentials-lesson-02
|
|
4
|
+
title: "บทที่ 2 — คำลงท้าย"
|
|
5
|
+
description: "Polite Particles: ครับ, ค่ะ, and showing respect"
|
|
6
|
+
order: 2
|
|
7
|
+
parentId: thai-essentials
|
|
8
|
+
difficulty: beginner
|
|
9
|
+
cefrLevel: A1
|
|
10
|
+
categories:
|
|
11
|
+
- particles
|
|
12
|
+
- politeness
|
|
13
|
+
- grammar
|
|
14
|
+
metadata:
|
|
15
|
+
estimatedTime: 25
|
|
16
|
+
prerequisites:
|
|
17
|
+
- thai-essentials-lesson-01
|
|
18
|
+
objectives:
|
|
19
|
+
- "Use ครับ and ค่ะ/คะ correctly"
|
|
20
|
+
- "Understand other common particles"
|
|
21
|
+
- "Know when particles are optional"
|
|
22
|
+
- "Sound polite in any situation"
|
|
23
|
+
---
|
|
24
|
+
|
|
25
|
+
# บทที่ 2 (Lesson 2) — Polite Particles
|
|
26
|
+
|
|
27
|
+
## Introduction
|
|
28
|
+
|
|
29
|
+
In Thai, how you end a sentence is as important as what you say. Polite particles (คำลงท้าย) show respect, indicate your gender, and mark whether you're asking or stating. Missing them makes you sound rude or abrupt.
|
|
30
|
+
|
|
31
|
+
## The Core System
|
|
32
|
+
|
|
33
|
+
| Speaker | Statement | Question |
|
|
34
|
+
|---------|-----------|----------|
|
|
35
|
+
| Male | ครับ (khráp) | ครับ (khráp) |
|
|
36
|
+
| Female | ค่ะ (khâ) | คะ (khá) |
|
|
37
|
+
|
|
38
|
+
**Key insight**: Men use ครับ for everything. Women change tone: falling (ค่ะ) for statements, rising (คะ) for questions.
|
|
39
|
+
|
|
40
|
+
## Examples in Action
|
|
41
|
+
|
|
42
|
+
**Male speaker:**
|
|
43
|
+
- ขอบคุณครับ (Thank you)
|
|
44
|
+
- ใช่ครับ (Yes)
|
|
45
|
+
- ไม่ใช่ครับ (No, it isn't)
|
|
46
|
+
- อะไรครับ (What?)
|
|
47
|
+
|
|
48
|
+
**Female speaker:**
|
|
49
|
+
- ขอบคุณค่ะ (Thank you)
|
|
50
|
+
- ใช่ค่ะ (Yes)
|
|
51
|
+
- ไม่ใช่ค่ะ (No, it isn't)
|
|
52
|
+
- อะไรคะ (What?)
|
|
53
|
+
|
|
54
|
+
## When to Use Particles
|
|
55
|
+
|
|
56
|
+
**Always use particles with:**
|
|
57
|
+
- Strangers and acquaintances
|
|
58
|
+
- Elders and superiors
|
|
59
|
+
- Service situations (shops, restaurants)
|
|
60
|
+
- Formal settings
|
|
61
|
+
- When in doubt
|
|
62
|
+
|
|
63
|
+
**Particles optional with:**
|
|
64
|
+
- Close friends
|
|
65
|
+
- Family members
|
|
66
|
+
- Children
|
|
67
|
+
- Very casual situations
|
|
68
|
+
|
|
69
|
+
## Other Important Particles
|
|
70
|
+
|
|
71
|
+
:::vocabulary-set{id="thai-particles" title="Common Particles"}
|
|
72
|
+
|
|
73
|
+
::vocab-item{id="na" word="นะ" pronunciation="ná" meaning="softener, seeking agreement"}
|
|
74
|
+
|
|
75
|
+
::vocab-item{id="si" word="สิ" pronunciation="sì" meaning="urging, encouragement"}
|
|
76
|
+
|
|
77
|
+
::vocab-item{id="la" word="ล่ะ" pronunciation="là" meaning="emphasis, 'then/so'"}
|
|
78
|
+
|
|
79
|
+
::vocab-item{id="loei" word="เลย" pronunciation="ləəi" meaning="emphasis, 'at all/really'"}
|
|
80
|
+
|
|
81
|
+
::vocab-item{id="roh" word="หรอ" pronunciation="rɔ̌ɔ" meaning="really? (surprise)"}
|
|
82
|
+
|
|
83
|
+
:::
|
|
84
|
+
|
|
85
|
+
## Using นะ (ná)
|
|
86
|
+
|
|
87
|
+
The particle นะ softens statements and seeks agreement:
|
|
88
|
+
|
|
89
|
+
| Without นะ | With นะ | Effect |
|
|
90
|
+
|------------|---------|--------|
|
|
91
|
+
| ไปเลย (Go!) | ไปเลยนะ | Go, okay? (softer) |
|
|
92
|
+
| อร่อย (Delicious) | อร่อยนะ | It's good, right? |
|
|
93
|
+
| ขอบคุณ (Thanks) | ขอบคุณนะ | Thanks! (warmer) |
|
|
94
|
+
|
|
95
|
+
## Using สิ (sì)
|
|
96
|
+
|
|
97
|
+
The particle สิ encourages or urges:
|
|
98
|
+
|
|
99
|
+
| Thai | Meaning |
|
|
100
|
+
|------|---------|
|
|
101
|
+
| กินสิ | Go ahead and eat! |
|
|
102
|
+
| มาสิ | Come on! |
|
|
103
|
+
| ลองดูสิ | Give it a try! |
|
|
104
|
+
|
|
105
|
+
## Combining Particles
|
|
106
|
+
|
|
107
|
+
Particles can combine. Order: content particle + polite particle
|
|
108
|
+
|
|
109
|
+
| Thai | Meaning |
|
|
110
|
+
|------|---------|
|
|
111
|
+
| ใช่นะครับ | Yes, right? (male) |
|
|
112
|
+
| อร่อยนะคะ | It's delicious, isn't it? (female) |
|
|
113
|
+
| ไปเลยนะค่ะ | Go ahead then, okay? (female) |
|
|
114
|
+
|
|
115
|
+
## Common Mistakes
|
|
116
|
+
|
|
117
|
+
❌ **Forgetting particles with strangers**
|
|
118
|
+
- ขอบคุณ (too abrupt) → ✓ ขอบคุณครับ/ค่ะ
|
|
119
|
+
|
|
120
|
+
❌ **Wrong tone for questions (women)**
|
|
121
|
+
- อะไรค่ะ (wrong) → ✓ อะไรคะ (rising tone)
|
|
122
|
+
|
|
123
|
+
❌ **Using ครับ as a woman**
|
|
124
|
+
- This sounds masculine; always use ค่ะ/คะ
|
|
125
|
+
|
|
126
|
+
## Key Points
|
|
127
|
+
|
|
128
|
+
1. **Always end politely**: ครับ for men, ค่ะ/คะ for women
|
|
129
|
+
2. **Question vs statement**: Women change tone
|
|
130
|
+
3. **นะ softens**: Makes requests and statements gentler
|
|
131
|
+
4. **When in doubt, use them**: Better to be too polite
|
|
132
|
+
|
|
133
|
+
## Practice Exercises
|
|
134
|
+
|
|
135
|
+
:::exercise{id="particles-1-practice" type="fill-in-blank" title="Particle Practice"}
|
|
136
|
+
|
|
137
|
+
**Question:** Add the correct particle:
|
|
138
|
+
|
|
139
|
+
1. ขอบคุณ___ (male thanking someone)
|
|
140
|
+
2. อะไร___ (female asking "what?")
|
|
141
|
+
3. ใช่___ (female confirming)
|
|
142
|
+
4. ไม่เป็นไร___ (male saying "no problem")
|
|
143
|
+
|
|
144
|
+
**Answer:**
|
|
145
|
+
|
|
146
|
+
1. ขอบคุณ**ครับ** (male statement)
|
|
147
|
+
2. อะไร**คะ** (female question - rising tone)
|
|
148
|
+
3. ใช่**ค่ะ** (female statement - falling tone)
|
|
149
|
+
4. ไม่เป็นไร**ครับ** (male statement)
|
|
150
|
+
|
|
151
|
+
**Explanation:** Men always use ครับ. Women use ค่ะ (falling) for statements and คะ (rising) for questions. This is essential for sounding polite in Thai.
|
|
152
|
+
|
|
153
|
+
:::
|
|
154
|
+
|
|
155
|
+
:::exercise{id="particles-1-combining" type="matching" title="Combining Particles"}
|
|
156
|
+
|
|
157
|
+
**Question:** Match each phrase to its correct particle combination
|
|
158
|
+
|
|
159
|
+
- ใช่นะ (yes, right?)
|
|
160
|
+
- อร่อยนะ (it's delicious, isn't it?)
|
|
161
|
+
- ไปเลยนะ (go ahead, okay?)
|
|
162
|
+
|
|
163
|
+
**Answer:**
|
|
164
|
+
|
|
165
|
+
- ใช่นะ**ครับ** (male, seeking agreement)
|
|
166
|
+
- อร่อยนะ**คะ** (female, question form)
|
|
167
|
+
- ไปเลยนะ**ค่ะ** (female, statement form)
|
|
168
|
+
|
|
169
|
+
**Explanation:** Particles can combine. The order is: content particle (นะ) + polite particle (ครับ/ค่ะ/คะ). นะ softens and seeks agreement, then add the gender-appropriate polite particle.
|
|
170
|
+
|
|
171
|
+
:::
|
|
172
|
+
|
|
173
|
+
:::exercise{id="particles-1-common-mistakes" type="multiple-choice" title="Common Mistakes"}
|
|
174
|
+
|
|
175
|
+
**Question:** What's wrong with this sentence: "ขอบคุณค่ะ" (spoken by a male)?
|
|
176
|
+
|
|
177
|
+
**Options:**
|
|
178
|
+
- Nothing, it's correct
|
|
179
|
+
- Should be ขอบคุณครับ
|
|
180
|
+
- Should be ขอบคุณคะ
|
|
181
|
+
- Particles are optional
|
|
182
|
+
|
|
183
|
+
**Answer:** 2
|
|
184
|
+
|
|
185
|
+
**Explanation:** Men must use ครับ, not ค่ะ. Using ค่ะ as a man sounds feminine. Women use ค่ะ/คะ depending on whether it's a statement or question.
|
|
186
|
+
|
|
187
|
+
:::
|
|
188
|
+
|
|
189
|
+
## What's Next
|
|
190
|
+
|
|
191
|
+
In Lesson 3, you'll learn how to ask basic questions — who, what, where, when, why, how.
|