@syllst/th 0.1.0
This diff represents the content of publicly available package versions that have been released to one of the supported registries. The information contained in this diff is provided for informational purposes only and reflects changes between package versions as they appear in their respective public registries.
- package/dist/index.d.ts +45 -0
- package/dist/index.d.ts.map +1 -0
- package/dist/index.js +68 -0
- package/dist/index.js.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/alphabet/index.d.ts +10 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/alphabet/index.d.ts.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/alphabet/index.js +38 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/alphabet/index.js.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/dialogue/index.d.ts +10 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/dialogue/index.d.ts.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/dialogue/index.js +34 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/dialogue/index.js.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/essentials/index.d.ts +10 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/essentials/index.d.ts.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/essentials/index.js +32 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/essentials/index.js.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/food/index.d.ts +10 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/food/index.d.ts.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/food/index.js +34 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/food/index.js.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/grammar/index.d.ts +10 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/grammar/index.d.ts.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/grammar/index.js +34 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/grammar/index.js.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/numbers/index.d.ts +10 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/numbers/index.d.ts.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/numbers/index.js +31 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/numbers/index.js.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/reading/index.d.ts +10 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/reading/index.d.ts.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/reading/index.js +36 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/reading/index.js.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/travel/index.d.ts +10 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/travel/index.d.ts.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/travel/index.js +33 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/travel/index.js.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/vowels-tones/index.d.ts +10 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/vowels-tones/index.d.ts.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/vowels-tones/index.js +34 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/vowels-tones/index.js.map +1 -0
- package/package.json +85 -0
- package/src/syllabi/alphabet/lessons/lesson-01.mdx +142 -0
- package/src/syllabi/alphabet/lessons/lesson-02.mdx +186 -0
- package/src/syllabi/alphabet/lessons/lesson-03.mdx +140 -0
- package/src/syllabi/alphabet/lessons/lesson-04.mdx +202 -0
- package/src/syllabi/alphabet/lessons/lesson-05.mdx +186 -0
- package/src/syllabi/alphabet/lessons/lesson-06.mdx +217 -0
- package/src/syllabi/alphabet/lessons/lesson-07.mdx +219 -0
- package/src/syllabi/alphabet/lessons/lesson-08.mdx +210 -0
- package/src/syllabi/alphabet/lessons/lesson-09.mdx +204 -0
- package/src/syllabi/alphabet/lessons/lesson-10.mdx +216 -0
- package/src/syllabi/alphabet/lessons/lesson-11.mdx +243 -0
- package/src/syllabi/alphabet/lessons/lesson-12.mdx +260 -0
- package/src/syllabi/alphabet/meta.mdx +106 -0
- package/src/syllabi/dialogue/lessons/lesson-01.mdx +98 -0
- package/src/syllabi/dialogue/lessons/lesson-02.mdx +107 -0
- package/src/syllabi/dialogue/lessons/lesson-03.mdx +111 -0
- package/src/syllabi/dialogue/lessons/lesson-04.mdx +159 -0
- package/src/syllabi/dialogue/lessons/lesson-05.mdx +176 -0
- package/src/syllabi/dialogue/lessons/lesson-06.mdx +159 -0
- package/src/syllabi/dialogue/lessons/lesson-07.mdx +184 -0
- package/src/syllabi/dialogue/lessons/lesson-08.mdx +192 -0
- package/src/syllabi/dialogue/meta.mdx +58 -0
- package/src/syllabi/essentials/lessons/lesson-01.mdx +125 -0
- package/src/syllabi/essentials/lessons/lesson-02.mdx +191 -0
- package/src/syllabi/essentials/lessons/lesson-03.mdx +212 -0
- package/src/syllabi/essentials/lessons/lesson-04.mdx +220 -0
- package/src/syllabi/essentials/lessons/lesson-05.mdx +231 -0
- package/src/syllabi/essentials/lessons/lesson-06.mdx +260 -0
- package/src/syllabi/essentials/meta.mdx +99 -0
- package/src/syllabi/food/lessons/lesson-01.mdx +140 -0
- package/src/syllabi/food/lessons/lesson-02.mdx +209 -0
- package/src/syllabi/food/lessons/lesson-03.mdx +224 -0
- package/src/syllabi/food/lessons/lesson-04.mdx +217 -0
- package/src/syllabi/food/lessons/lesson-05.mdx +231 -0
- package/src/syllabi/food/lessons/lesson-06.mdx +225 -0
- package/src/syllabi/food/lessons/lesson-07.mdx +235 -0
- package/src/syllabi/food/lessons/lesson-08.mdx +274 -0
- package/src/syllabi/food/meta.mdx +102 -0
- package/src/syllabi/grammar/lessons/lesson-01.mdx +86 -0
- package/src/syllabi/grammar/lessons/lesson-02.mdx +105 -0
- package/src/syllabi/grammar/lessons/lesson-03.mdx +170 -0
- package/src/syllabi/grammar/lessons/lesson-04.mdx +179 -0
- package/src/syllabi/grammar/lessons/lesson-05.mdx +170 -0
- package/src/syllabi/grammar/lessons/lesson-06.mdx +191 -0
- package/src/syllabi/grammar/lessons/lesson-07.mdx +195 -0
- package/src/syllabi/grammar/lessons/lesson-08.mdx +209 -0
- package/src/syllabi/grammar/meta.mdx +57 -0
- package/src/syllabi/numbers/lessons/lesson-01.mdx +115 -0
- package/src/syllabi/numbers/lessons/lesson-02.mdx +186 -0
- package/src/syllabi/numbers/lessons/lesson-03.mdx +179 -0
- package/src/syllabi/numbers/lessons/lesson-04.mdx +201 -0
- package/src/syllabi/numbers/lessons/lesson-05.mdx +203 -0
- package/src/syllabi/numbers/meta.mdx +93 -0
- package/src/syllabi/reading/lessons/lesson-01.mdx +125 -0
- package/src/syllabi/reading/lessons/lesson-02.mdx +134 -0
- package/src/syllabi/reading/lessons/lesson-03.mdx +127 -0
- package/src/syllabi/reading/lessons/lesson-04.mdx +130 -0
- package/src/syllabi/reading/lessons/lesson-05.mdx +132 -0
- package/src/syllabi/reading/lessons/lesson-06.mdx +130 -0
- package/src/syllabi/reading/lessons/lesson-07.mdx +131 -0
- package/src/syllabi/reading/lessons/lesson-08.mdx +135 -0
- package/src/syllabi/reading/lessons/lesson-09.mdx +132 -0
- package/src/syllabi/reading/lessons/lesson-10.mdx +145 -0
- package/src/syllabi/reading/meta.mdx +46 -0
- package/src/syllabi/travel/lessons/lesson-01.mdx +142 -0
- package/src/syllabi/travel/lessons/lesson-02.mdx +156 -0
- package/src/syllabi/travel/lessons/lesson-03.mdx +158 -0
- package/src/syllabi/travel/lessons/lesson-04.mdx +165 -0
- package/src/syllabi/travel/lessons/lesson-05.mdx +167 -0
- package/src/syllabi/travel/lessons/lesson-06.mdx +177 -0
- package/src/syllabi/travel/lessons/lesson-07.mdx +181 -0
- package/src/syllabi/travel/meta.mdx +58 -0
- package/src/syllabi/vowels-tones/lessons/lesson-01.mdx +101 -0
- package/src/syllabi/vowels-tones/lessons/lesson-02.mdx +163 -0
- package/src/syllabi/vowels-tones/lessons/lesson-03.mdx +168 -0
- package/src/syllabi/vowels-tones/lessons/lesson-04.mdx +170 -0
- package/src/syllabi/vowels-tones/lessons/lesson-05.mdx +189 -0
- package/src/syllabi/vowels-tones/lessons/lesson-06.mdx +187 -0
- package/src/syllabi/vowels-tones/lessons/lesson-07.mdx +217 -0
- package/src/syllabi/vowels-tones/lessons/lesson-08.mdx +260 -0
- package/src/syllabi/vowels-tones/meta.mdx +89 -0
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---
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type: lesson
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id: thai-numbers-lesson-01
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title: "บทที่ 1 — ตัวเลขไทย"
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description: "Thai Numerals: The ten basic digits ๐-๙"
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order: 1
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parentId: thai-numbers
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difficulty: beginner
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cefrLevel: A1
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categories:
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- numbers
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- numerals
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- basic
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metadata:
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estimatedTime: 20
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prerequisites:
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- thai-alphabet
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objectives:
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- "Recognize all 10 Thai numerals (๐-๙)"
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- "Pronounce each number correctly"
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- "Write Thai numerals"
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- "Convert between Thai and Arabic numerals"
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---
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# บทที่ 1 (Lesson 1) — Thai Numerals
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## Introduction
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Thai has its own beautiful numeral system that's been used for centuries. While Arabic numerals (0-9) are common in modern Thailand, Thai numerals still appear on official documents, currency, temple inscriptions, and formal contexts. Learning them connects you to Thai culture and history.
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## The Ten Digits
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:::character-set{id="thai-numerals" title="Thai Numerals ๐-๙"}
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::character{id="th-num-zero" char="๐" name="ศูนย์ (sǒon)" transliteration="0" charType="number"}
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::character{id="th-num-one" char="๑" name="หนึ่ง (nʉ̀ng)" transliteration="1" charType="number"}
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::character{id="th-num-two" char="๒" name="สอง (sǒng)" transliteration="2" charType="number"}
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::character{id="th-num-three" char="๓" name="สาม (sǎam)" transliteration="3" charType="number"}
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::character{id="th-num-four" char="๔" name="สี่ (sìi)" transliteration="4" charType="number"}
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::character{id="th-num-five" char="๕" name="ห้า (hâa)" transliteration="5" charType="number"}
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::character{id="th-num-six" char="๖" name="หก (hòk)" transliteration="6" charType="number"}
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::character{id="th-num-seven" char="๗" name="เจ็ด (jèt)" transliteration="7" charType="number"}
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::character{id="th-num-eight" char="๘" name="แปด (bpàet)" transliteration="8" charType="number"}
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::character{id="th-num-nine" char="๙" name="เก้า (gâo)" transliteration="9" charType="number"}
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:::
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## Recognizing the Shapes
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Thai numerals have distinctive shapes. Here are some memory tips:
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| Numeral | Memory Tip |
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|---------|------------|
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| ๐ | Looks like a curly zero |
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| ๑ | A simple hook — the first, simplest number |
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| ๒ | Has two bumps on top |
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| ๓ | Looks like a sideways 3 with curves |
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| ๔ | Four strokes to write |
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| ๕ | Looks like a squiggly 5 |
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| ๖ | Has a loop like a 6 |
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| ๗ | Looks like a 7 with a hat |
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| ๘ | Has curves like an 8 |
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| ๙ | A curly 9 shape |
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## Pronunciation Guide
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| Number | Thai | Romanization | Similar English Sound |
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|--------|------|--------------|----------------------|
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| 0 | ศูนย์ | sǒon | "soon" with rising tone |
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| 1 | หนึ่ง | nʉ̀ng | "nung" (low tone) |
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| 2 | สอง | sǒng | "song" with rising tone |
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| 3 | สาม | sǎam | "saam" with rising tone |
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| 4 | สี่ | sìi | "see" with low tone |
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| 5 | ห้า | hâa | "haa" with falling tone |
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| 6 | หก | hòk | "hok" with low tone |
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| 7 | เจ็ด | jèt | "jet" with low tone |
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| 8 | แปด | bpàet | "bpaet" with low tone |
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| 9 | เก้า | gâo | "gow" with falling tone |
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## Where You'll See Thai Numerals
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- **Currency**: Thai banknotes show amounts in Thai numerals
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- **Official documents**: ID cards, government papers
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- **Temples**: Dates on Buddhist inscriptions
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- **Royal contexts**: Formal announcements
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- **Traditional calendars**: Buddhist Era dates
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## Key Points
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1. **10 digits**: Thai numerals work just like Arabic — position determines value
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2. **Same math**: ๑๒๓ = 123 — the system is identical, just different symbols
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3. **Tones matter**: Each number word has a specific tone
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4. **Cultural value**: Knowing Thai numerals shows respect for Thai heritage
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## Practice
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Convert these Thai numbers to Arabic:
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- ๕๗ = ?
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- ๒๔ = ?
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- ๑๐๐ = ?
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(Answers: 57, 24, 100)
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## What's Next
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In Lesson 2, you'll learn how to count from 1 to 100, including the special rules for teens and the unique word for 20.
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---
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type: lesson
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id: thai-numbers-lesson-02
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title: "บทที่ 2 — นับ ๑-๑๐๐"
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description: "Counting 1-100: Teens, tens, and special rules"
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order: 2
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parentId: thai-numbers
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difficulty: beginner
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cefrLevel: A1
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categories:
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- numbers
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- counting
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- basics
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metadata:
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estimatedTime: 25
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prerequisites:
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- thai-numbers-lesson-01
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objectives:
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- "Count from 1 to 100 fluently"
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- "Understand the special rule for 11-19"
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- "Know why 20 uses ยี่ instead of สอง"
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- "Form any two-digit number correctly"
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---
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# บทที่ 2 (Lesson 2) — Counting 1-100
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## Introduction
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Thai counting follows a logical pattern, but with a few important exceptions that every learner must know. The rules for teens (11-19) and the word for 20 are different from what you might expect.
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## The Basic Pattern
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Thai numbers follow a place-value system like English:
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- **Tens place** + สิบ (sìp) = "ten"
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- **Ones place** = the digit
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Example: 35 = สาม (3) + สิบ (10) + ห้า (5) = สามสิบห้า (sǎam-sìp-hâa)
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## The Teens (11-19): Special Rule #1
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For 11-19, Thai uses สิบ (sìp) first, then adds the ones digit. But there's a catch:
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**หนึ่ง becomes เอ็ด (èt) when it's not alone.**
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| Number | Wrong | Correct | Pronunciation |
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|--------|-------|---------|---------------|
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| 10 | — | สิบ | sìp |
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| 11 | ~~สิบหนึ่ง~~ | สิบเอ็ด | sìp-èt |
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| 12 | — | สิบสอง | sìp-sǒng |
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| 13 | — | สิบสาม | sìp-sǎam |
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| 14 | — | สิบสี่ | sìp-sìi |
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| 15 | — | สิบห้า | sìp-hâa |
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| 16 | — | สิบหก | sìp-hòk |
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| 17 | — | สิบเจ็ด | sìp-jèt |
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| 18 | — | สิบแปด | sìp-bpàet |
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| 19 | — | สิบเก้า | sìp-gâo |
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**Key rule**: หนึ่ง (nʉ̀ng) is only used when it stands alone. In compounds, it becomes เอ็ด (èt).
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## Twenty: Special Rule #2
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Here's the second exception: 20 is NOT สองสิบ!
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**20 = ยี่สิบ (yîi-sìp)**
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Why? Historical reasons — ยี่ is an older word for "two" that survives only in this context.
|
|
67
|
+
|
|
68
|
+
| Number | Thai | Pronunciation |
|
|
69
|
+
|--------|------|---------------|
|
|
70
|
+
| 20 | ยี่สิบ | yîi-sìp |
|
|
71
|
+
| 21 | ยี่สิบเอ็ด | yîi-sìp-èt |
|
|
72
|
+
| 22 | ยี่สิบสอง | yîi-sìp-sǒng |
|
|
73
|
+
| 29 | ยี่สิบเก้า | yîi-sìp-gâo |
|
|
74
|
+
|
|
75
|
+
## The Regular Tens (30-90)
|
|
76
|
+
|
|
77
|
+
After 20, the pattern is regular:
|
|
78
|
+
|
|
79
|
+
| Number | Thai | Pronunciation |
|
|
80
|
+
|--------|------|---------------|
|
|
81
|
+
| 30 | สามสิบ | sǎam-sìp |
|
|
82
|
+
| 40 | สี่สิบ | sìi-sìp |
|
|
83
|
+
| 50 | ห้าสิบ | hâa-sìp |
|
|
84
|
+
| 60 | หกสิบ | hòk-sìp |
|
|
85
|
+
| 70 | เจ็ดสิบ | jèt-sìp |
|
|
86
|
+
| 80 | แปดสิบ | bpàet-sìp |
|
|
87
|
+
| 90 | เก้าสิบ | gâo-sìp |
|
|
88
|
+
| 100 | ร้อย | rɔ́ɔi |
|
|
89
|
+
|
|
90
|
+
## Building Any Number 1-99
|
|
91
|
+
|
|
92
|
+
Formula: **[tens word] + สิบ + [ones word]**
|
|
93
|
+
|
|
94
|
+
Remember:
|
|
95
|
+
- Use เอ็ด for 1 in compounds (21, 31, 41...)
|
|
96
|
+
- Use ยี่สิบ for 20-29
|
|
97
|
+
- Everything else is regular
|
|
98
|
+
|
|
99
|
+
| Number | Breakdown | Thai |
|
|
100
|
+
|--------|-----------|------|
|
|
101
|
+
| 47 | 4×10 + 7 | สี่สิบเจ็ด |
|
|
102
|
+
| 63 | 6×10 + 3 | หกสิบสาม |
|
|
103
|
+
| 81 | 8×10 + 1 | แปดสิบเอ็ด |
|
|
104
|
+
| 99 | 9×10 + 9 | เก้าสิบเก้า |
|
|
105
|
+
|
|
106
|
+
## Key Points
|
|
107
|
+
|
|
108
|
+
1. **เอ็ด replaces หนึ่ง**: Always in compound numbers (11, 21, 31...)
|
|
109
|
+
2. **ยี่สิบ for 20**: Never สองสิบ
|
|
110
|
+
3. **สิบ = 10**: The building block for all two-digit numbers
|
|
111
|
+
4. **Pattern is logical**: Once you know the exceptions, it's predictable
|
|
112
|
+
|
|
113
|
+
## Common Mistakes
|
|
114
|
+
|
|
115
|
+
- ❌ ยี่สิบหนึ่ง → ✓ ยี่สิบเอ็ด (21)
|
|
116
|
+
- ❌ สองสิบ → ✓ ยี่สิบ (20)
|
|
117
|
+
- ❌ สามสิบหนึ่ง → ✓ สามสิบเอ็ด (31)
|
|
118
|
+
|
|
119
|
+
## Practice Counting
|
|
120
|
+
|
|
121
|
+
Try saying these out loud:
|
|
122
|
+
- 15, 25, 35, 45, 55
|
|
123
|
+
- 11, 22, 33, 44, 55
|
|
124
|
+
- 19, 29, 39, 49, 59
|
|
125
|
+
|
|
126
|
+
## Practice Exercises
|
|
127
|
+
|
|
128
|
+
:::exercise{id="numbers-2-special-rules" type="fill-in-blank" title="Special Rules Practice"}
|
|
129
|
+
|
|
130
|
+
**Question:** Write these numbers in Thai:
|
|
131
|
+
|
|
132
|
+
- 11 (ten + one)
|
|
133
|
+
- 20 (twenty)
|
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134
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+
- 21 (twenty + one)
|
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135
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+
- 31 (thirty + one)
|
|
136
|
+
|
|
137
|
+
**Answer:**
|
|
138
|
+
|
|
139
|
+
- 11 → สิบ**เอ็ด** (not สิบหนึ่ง)
|
|
140
|
+
- 20 → **ยี่**สิบ (not สองสิบ)
|
|
141
|
+
- 21 → ยี่สิบ**เอ็ด** (not ยี่สิบหนึ่ง)
|
|
142
|
+
- 31 → สามสิบ**เอ็ด** (not สามสิบหนึ่ง)
|
|
143
|
+
|
|
144
|
+
**Explanation:** Remember the two special rules: (1) หนึ่ง becomes เอ็ด in compound numbers, and (2) 20 uses ยี่สิบ, not สองสิบ. These are the only exceptions to the regular pattern.
|
|
145
|
+
|
|
146
|
+
:::
|
|
147
|
+
|
|
148
|
+
:::exercise{id="numbers-2-building-numbers" type="matching" title="Building Two-Digit Numbers"}
|
|
149
|
+
|
|
150
|
+
**Question:** Match each number to its Thai form
|
|
151
|
+
|
|
152
|
+
- 47
|
|
153
|
+
- 63
|
|
154
|
+
- 81
|
|
155
|
+
- 99
|
|
156
|
+
|
|
157
|
+
**Answer:**
|
|
158
|
+
|
|
159
|
+
- 47 → สี่สิบเจ็ด (4×10 + 7)
|
|
160
|
+
- 63 → หกสิบสาม (6×10 + 3)
|
|
161
|
+
- 81 → แปดสิบเอ็ด (8×10 + 1, remember เอ็ด!)
|
|
162
|
+
- 99 → เก้าสิบเก้า (9×10 + 9)
|
|
163
|
+
|
|
164
|
+
**Explanation:** The pattern is [tens word] + สิบ + [ones word]. For numbers ending in 1, use เอ็ด instead of หนึ่ง.
|
|
165
|
+
|
|
166
|
+
:::
|
|
167
|
+
|
|
168
|
+
:::exercise{id="numbers-2-common-mistakes" type="multiple-choice" title="Common Mistakes"}
|
|
169
|
+
|
|
170
|
+
**Question:** Which is the correct way to say 21 in Thai?
|
|
171
|
+
|
|
172
|
+
**Options:**
|
|
173
|
+
- ยี่สิบหนึ่ง
|
|
174
|
+
- ยี่สิบเอ็ด
|
|
175
|
+
- สองสิบเอ็ด
|
|
176
|
+
- ยี่สิบยี่
|
|
177
|
+
|
|
178
|
+
**Answer:** 2
|
|
179
|
+
|
|
180
|
+
**Explanation:** 21 is ยี่สิบเอ็ด. Remember: (1) 20 uses ยี่สิบ (not สองสิบ), and (2) หนึ่ง becomes เอ็ด in compounds. So ยี่สิบ + เอ็ด = ยี่สิบเอ็ด.
|
|
181
|
+
|
|
182
|
+
:::
|
|
183
|
+
|
|
184
|
+
## What's Next
|
|
185
|
+
|
|
186
|
+
In Lesson 3, you'll learn large numbers — hundreds, thousands, and millions — including how Thai groups numbers differently than English.
|
|
@@ -0,0 +1,179 @@
|
|
|
1
|
+
---
|
|
2
|
+
type: lesson
|
|
3
|
+
id: thai-numbers-lesson-03
|
|
4
|
+
title: "บทที่ 3 — ตัวเลขใหญ่"
|
|
5
|
+
description: "Large Numbers: Hundreds, thousands, and millions"
|
|
6
|
+
order: 3
|
|
7
|
+
parentId: thai-numbers
|
|
8
|
+
difficulty: beginner
|
|
9
|
+
cefrLevel: A1
|
|
10
|
+
categories:
|
|
11
|
+
- numbers
|
|
12
|
+
- large-numbers
|
|
13
|
+
metadata:
|
|
14
|
+
estimatedTime: 25
|
|
15
|
+
prerequisites:
|
|
16
|
+
- thai-numbers-lesson-02
|
|
17
|
+
objectives:
|
|
18
|
+
- "Count in hundreds and thousands"
|
|
19
|
+
- "Understand Thai number grouping (หมื่น, แสน)"
|
|
20
|
+
- "Say numbers up to one million"
|
|
21
|
+
- "Read prices and large quantities"
|
|
22
|
+
---
|
|
23
|
+
|
|
24
|
+
# บทที่ 3 (Lesson 3) — Large Numbers
|
|
25
|
+
|
|
26
|
+
## Introduction
|
|
27
|
+
|
|
28
|
+
Thai has specific words for each power of ten, including some that don't exist in English. Understanding these is essential for dealing with prices, populations, distances, and any real-world numbers.
|
|
29
|
+
|
|
30
|
+
## The Number Words
|
|
31
|
+
|
|
32
|
+
| Value | Thai | Romanization | Notes |
|
|
33
|
+
|-------|------|--------------|-------|
|
|
34
|
+
| 100 | ร้อย | rɔ́ɔi | hundred |
|
|
35
|
+
| 1,000 | พัน | phan | thousand |
|
|
36
|
+
| 10,000 | หมื่น | mʉ̀ʉn | ten-thousand (no English equivalent) |
|
|
37
|
+
| 100,000 | แสน | sǎen | hundred-thousand |
|
|
38
|
+
| 1,000,000 | ล้าน | láan | million |
|
|
39
|
+
|
|
40
|
+
## Thai vs English Grouping
|
|
41
|
+
|
|
42
|
+
English groups by thousands (1,000 → 1,000,000 → 1,000,000,000).
|
|
43
|
+
Thai traditionally groups by ten-thousands (หมื่น).
|
|
44
|
+
|
|
45
|
+
| Number | English Says | Thai Says |
|
|
46
|
+
|--------|--------------|-----------|
|
|
47
|
+
| 50,000 | "fifty thousand" | "five หมื่น" (ห้าหมื่น) |
|
|
48
|
+
| 300,000 | "three hundred thousand" | "three แสน" (สามแสน) |
|
|
49
|
+
|
|
50
|
+
## Building Large Numbers
|
|
51
|
+
|
|
52
|
+
Numbers build from largest to smallest:
|
|
53
|
+
|
|
54
|
+
**543,210 = ห้าแสนสี่หมื่นสามพันสองร้อยสิบ**
|
|
55
|
+
|
|
56
|
+
Breakdown:
|
|
57
|
+
- ห้าแสน (5 × 100,000)
|
|
58
|
+
- สี่หมื่น (4 × 10,000)
|
|
59
|
+
- สามพัน (3 × 1,000)
|
|
60
|
+
- สองร้อย (2 × 100)
|
|
61
|
+
- สิบ (10)
|
|
62
|
+
|
|
63
|
+
## Hundreds (100-999)
|
|
64
|
+
|
|
65
|
+
| Number | Thai | Pronunciation |
|
|
66
|
+
|--------|------|---------------|
|
|
67
|
+
| 100 | หนึ่งร้อย / ร้อย | (nʉ̀ng) rɔ́ɔi |
|
|
68
|
+
| 200 | สองร้อย | sǒng rɔ́ɔi |
|
|
69
|
+
| 500 | ห้าร้อย | hâa rɔ́ɔi |
|
|
70
|
+
| 150 | ร้อยห้าสิบ | rɔ́ɔi hâa-sìp |
|
|
71
|
+
| 275 | สองร้อยเจ็ดสิบห้า | sǒng-rɔ́ɔi jèt-sìp-hâa |
|
|
72
|
+
|
|
73
|
+
**Note**: For 100 alone, หนึ่ง is often dropped (just ร้อย).
|
|
74
|
+
|
|
75
|
+
## Thousands (1,000-9,999)
|
|
76
|
+
|
|
77
|
+
| Number | Thai | Pronunciation |
|
|
78
|
+
|--------|------|---------------|
|
|
79
|
+
| 1,000 | หนึ่งพัน / พัน | (nʉ̀ng) phan |
|
|
80
|
+
| 2,000 | สองพัน | sǒng phan |
|
|
81
|
+
| 5,500 | ห้าพันห้าร้อย | hâa-phan hâa-rɔ́ɔi |
|
|
82
|
+
| 9,999 | เก้าพันเก้าร้อยเก้าสิบเก้า | gâo-phan gâo-rɔ́ɔi gâo-sìp-gâo |
|
|
83
|
+
|
|
84
|
+
## Ten-Thousands & Beyond
|
|
85
|
+
|
|
86
|
+
| Number | Thai |
|
|
87
|
+
|--------|------|
|
|
88
|
+
| 10,000 | หนึ่งหมื่น (nʉ̀ng mʉ̀ʉn) |
|
|
89
|
+
| 50,000 | ห้าหมื่น (hâa mʉ̀ʉn) |
|
|
90
|
+
| 100,000 | หนึ่งแสน (nʉ̀ng sǎen) |
|
|
91
|
+
| 500,000 | ห้าแสน (hâa sǎen) |
|
|
92
|
+
| 1,000,000 | หนึ่งล้าน (nʉ̀ng láan) |
|
|
93
|
+
|
|
94
|
+
## Real-World Examples
|
|
95
|
+
|
|
96
|
+
| Context | Number | Thai |
|
|
97
|
+
|---------|--------|------|
|
|
98
|
+
| Rent | 15,000 baht | หนึ่งหมื่นห้าพันบาท |
|
|
99
|
+
| Salary | 45,000 baht | สี่หมื่นห้าพันบาท |
|
|
100
|
+
| Car price | 800,000 baht | แปดแสนบาท |
|
|
101
|
+
| Population | 10 million | สิบล้านคน |
|
|
102
|
+
|
|
103
|
+
## The เอ็ด Rule Continues
|
|
104
|
+
|
|
105
|
+
Remember: หนึ่ง becomes เอ็ด in compounds:
|
|
106
|
+
- 101 = ร้อยเอ็ด (not ร้อยหนึ่ง)
|
|
107
|
+
- 1,001 = พันเอ็ด
|
|
108
|
+
- 10,001 = หมื่นเอ็ด
|
|
109
|
+
|
|
110
|
+
## Key Points
|
|
111
|
+
|
|
112
|
+
1. **หมื่น (10,000)**: Unique to Thai — no direct English equivalent
|
|
113
|
+
2. **แสน (100,000)**: Another Thai-specific grouping
|
|
114
|
+
3. **Same pattern**: Larger numbers follow the same logic
|
|
115
|
+
4. **เอ็ด still applies**: For any number ending in 1
|
|
116
|
+
|
|
117
|
+
## Practice Reading Prices
|
|
118
|
+
|
|
119
|
+
- ฿250 = สองร้อยห้าสิบบาท
|
|
120
|
+
- ฿1,500 = พันห้าร้อยบาท
|
|
121
|
+
- ฿35,000 = สามหมื่นห้าพันบาท
|
|
122
|
+
|
|
123
|
+
## Practice Exercises
|
|
124
|
+
|
|
125
|
+
:::exercise{id="numbers-3-large-numbers" type="fill-in-blank" title="Large Number Practice"}
|
|
126
|
+
|
|
127
|
+
**Question:** Write these large numbers in Thai:
|
|
128
|
+
|
|
129
|
+
- 543,210
|
|
130
|
+
- 1,000,000
|
|
131
|
+
- 50,000
|
|
132
|
+
|
|
133
|
+
**Answer:**
|
|
134
|
+
|
|
135
|
+
- 543,210 → ห้าแสนสี่หมื่นสามพันสองร้อยสิบ
|
|
136
|
+
- 1,000,000 → หนึ่งล้าน
|
|
137
|
+
- 50,000 → ห้าหมื่น
|
|
138
|
+
|
|
139
|
+
**Explanation:** Thai groups by ten-thousands (หมื่น) and hundred-thousands (แสน). Break down from largest to smallest: แสน → หมื่น → พัน → ร้อย → สิบ → ones.
|
|
140
|
+
|
|
141
|
+
:::
|
|
142
|
+
|
|
143
|
+
:::exercise{id="numbers-3-thai-grouping" type="multiple-choice" title="Thai Number Grouping"}
|
|
144
|
+
|
|
145
|
+
**Question:** How does Thai say 50,000 differently from English?
|
|
146
|
+
|
|
147
|
+
**Options:**
|
|
148
|
+
- Thai says "fifty thousand" like English
|
|
149
|
+
- Thai says "five หมื่น" (five ten-thousands)
|
|
150
|
+
- Thai doesn't have a word for 50,000
|
|
151
|
+
- Thai uses a different number system
|
|
152
|
+
|
|
153
|
+
**Answer:** 2
|
|
154
|
+
|
|
155
|
+
**Explanation:** Thai traditionally groups by ten-thousands (หมื่น), not thousands. So 50,000 is "five หมื่น" (ห้าหมื่น) rather than "fifty thousand". This reflects the traditional counting system.
|
|
156
|
+
|
|
157
|
+
:::
|
|
158
|
+
|
|
159
|
+
:::exercise{id="numbers-3-price-reading" type="matching" title="Reading Prices"}
|
|
160
|
+
|
|
161
|
+
**Question:** Match each price to its Thai form
|
|
162
|
+
|
|
163
|
+
- ฿250
|
|
164
|
+
- ฿1,500
|
|
165
|
+
- ฿35,000
|
|
166
|
+
|
|
167
|
+
**Answer:**
|
|
168
|
+
|
|
169
|
+
- ฿250 → สองร้อยห้าสิบบาท
|
|
170
|
+
- ฿1,500 → พันห้าร้อยบาท
|
|
171
|
+
- ฿35,000 → สามหมื่นห้าพันบาท
|
|
172
|
+
|
|
173
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**Explanation:** Always add บาท after the amount. Break down the number from largest to smallest place value, then add บาท.
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:::
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## What's Next
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In Lesson 4, you'll learn how to tell time and read dates in Thai — essential for daily life!
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---
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type: lesson
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id: thai-numbers-lesson-04
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title: "บทที่ 4 — เวลาและวันที่"
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description: "Time & Dates: The Thai time system and calendar"
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order: 4
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parentId: thai-numbers
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difficulty: beginner
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cefrLevel: A1
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categories:
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- numbers
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- time
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- dates
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metadata:
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estimatedTime: 30
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prerequisites:
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- thai-numbers-lesson-03
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objectives:
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- "Tell time using the Thai 6-hour system"
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- "Use 24-hour time (formal)"
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- "Say days of the week"
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- "Read and say dates"
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---
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# บทที่ 4 (Lesson 4) — Time & Dates
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## Introduction
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Thai has a unique traditional time system that divides the day into four 6-hour periods. While 24-hour time is used formally, the traditional system is essential for everyday conversation.
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## The Thai 6-Hour Time System
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Thai divides the day into four periods:
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| Period | Hours | Thai Term | Literal Meaning |
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|--------|-------|-----------|-----------------|
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| Morning | 6am-12pm | ตอนเช้า | morning time |
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| Afternoon | 1pm-4pm | ตอนบ่าย | afternoon time |
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| Evening | 4pm-6pm | ตอนเย็น | evening time |
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| Night | 7pm-12am | ตอนกลางคืน | night time |
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| Late night | 1am-5am | ตี | "strike" (clock) |
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## Telling Time: Morning (6am-11am)
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Use **โมง** (moong) for hours:
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| Time | Thai | Pronunciation |
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|------|------|---------------|
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| 6:00am | หกโมงเช้า | hòk moong cháo |
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| 7:00am | เจ็ดโมงเช้า | jèt moong cháo |
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| 8:00am | แปดโมงเช้า | bpàet moong cháo |
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| 9:00am | เก้าโมงเช้า | gâo moong cháo |
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| 10:00am | สิบโมงเช้า | sìp moong cháo |
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| 11:00am | สิบเอ็ดโมงเช้า | sìp-èt moong cháo |
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## Telling Time: Noon & Afternoon
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| Time | Thai | Pronunciation |
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|------|------|---------------|
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| 12:00pm | เที่ยง | thîang (noon) |
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| 1:00pm | บ่ายโมง | bàai moong |
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| 2:00pm | บ่ายสองโมง | bàai sǒng moong |
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| 3:00pm | บ่ายสามโมง | bàai sǎam moong |
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| 4:00pm | สี่โมงเย็น | sìi moong yen |
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| 5:00pm | ห้าโมงเย็น | hâa moong yen |
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| 6:00pm | หกโมงเย็น | hòk moong yen |
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## Telling Time: Night
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| Time | Thai | Pronunciation |
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|------|------|---------------|
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| 7:00pm | หนึ่งทุ่ม | nʉ̀ng thûm |
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| 8:00pm | สองทุ่ม | sǒng thûm |
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| 9:00pm | สามทุ่ม | sǎam thûm |
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| 10:00pm | สี่ทุ่ม | sìi thûm |
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| 11:00pm | ห้าทุ่ม | hâa thûm |
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| 12:00am | เที่ยงคืน | thîang khʉʉn (midnight) |
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## Telling Time: Late Night
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| Time | Thai | Pronunciation |
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|------|------|---------------|
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| 1:00am | ตีหนึ่ง | dtii nʉ̀ng |
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| 2:00am | ตีสอง | dtii sǒng |
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| 3:00am | ตีสาม | dtii sǎam |
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| 4:00am | ตีสี่ | dtii sìi |
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| 5:00am | ตีห้า | dtii hâa |
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## Adding Minutes
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Add minutes after the hour:
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- 8:30am = แปดโมงครึ่ง (half past 8) or แปดโมงสามสิบนาที
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- 9:15am = เก้าโมงสิบห้านาที
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- 10:45am = สิบโมงสี่สิบห้านาที
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## Days of the Week
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| Day | Thai | Abbreviation | Color |
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|-----|------|--------------|-------|
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| Monday | วันจันทร์ | จ. | Yellow |
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| Tuesday | วันอังคาร | อ. | Pink |
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| Wednesday | วันพุธ | พ. | Green |
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| Thursday | วันพฤหัสบดี | พฤ. | Orange |
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| Friday | วันศุกร์ | ศ. | Blue |
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| Saturday | วันเสาร์ | ส. | Purple |
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| Sunday | วันอาทิตย์ | อา. | Red |
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**Cultural note**: Each day has an associated lucky color. Many Thais wear their day's color!
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## Dates
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Thai dates use: **วันที่ [day] เดือน [month] พ.ศ. [year]**
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| Month | Thai |
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|-------|------|
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| January | มกราคม (mók-gà-raa-khom) |
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| February | กุมภาพันธ์ (gum-phaa-phan) |
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| March | มีนาคม (mii-naa-khom) |
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| April | เมษายน (mee-sǎa-yon) |
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| May | พฤษภาคม (phrʉ́t-sà-phaa-khom) |
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| June | มิถุนายน (mí-thù-naa-yon) |
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| July | กรกฎาคม (gà-rák-gà-daa-khom) |
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| August | สิงหาคม (sǐng-hǎa-khom) |
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| September | กันยายน (gan-yaa-yon) |
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| October | ตุลาคม (dtù-laa-khom) |
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| November | พฤศจิกายน (phrʉ́t-sà-jì-gaa-yon) |
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| December | ธันวาคม (than-waa-khom) |
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## Buddhist Era (พ.ศ.)
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Thailand uses the Buddhist Era: **พ.ศ. = ค.ศ. + 543**
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- 2024 CE = พ.ศ. 2567
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- 2025 CE = พ.ศ. 2568
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## Key Points
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1. **6-hour system**: Traditional Thai time divides day into four periods
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2. **ทุ่ม for night**: 7pm-11pm uses the ทุ่ม counter
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3. **ตี for late night**: 1am-5am "strikes" of the clock
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4. **Buddhist Era**: Add 543 to Western year
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## Practice Exercises
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:::exercise{id="numbers-4-time-system" type="matching" title="Thai Time System"}
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**Question:** Match each time to its Thai form
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- 8:00am
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- 2:00pm
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- 8:00pm
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- 2:00am
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**Answer:**
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- 8:00am → แปดโมงเช้า (morning period, use โมง)
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- 2:00pm → บ่ายสองโมง (afternoon period, use บ่าย + โมง)
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- 8:00pm → สองทุ่ม (evening/night, use ทุ่ม counter)
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- 2:00am → ตีสอง (late night, use ตี)
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**Explanation:** Thai uses different counters for different times of day: โมง for morning/afternoon, ทุ่ม for evening (7pm-11pm), and ตี for late night (1am-5am).
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:::
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:::exercise{id="numbers-4-buddhist-era" type="fill-in-blank" title="Buddhist Era Conversion"}
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**Question:** Convert these Western years to Buddhist Era (พ.ศ.):
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- 2024 CE
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- 2025 CE
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- 2000 CE
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**Answer:**
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- 2024 CE → พ.ศ. 2567 (2024 + 543)
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- 2025 CE → พ.ศ. 2568 (2025 + 543)
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- 2000 CE → พ.ศ. 2543 (2000 + 543)
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**Explanation:** Buddhist Era (พ.ศ.) is 543 years ahead of the Common Era (ค.ศ.). Simply add 543 to convert Western years to Thai years.
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:::
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:::exercise{id="numbers-4-days-week" type="multiple-choice" title="Days of the Week"}
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**Question:** Which day is associated with the color yellow in Thai culture?
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**Options:**
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- วันจันทร์ (Monday)
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- วันอาทิตย์ (Sunday)
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- วันศุกร์ (Friday)
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- วันเสาร์ (Saturday)
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**Answer:** 1
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**Explanation:** Each day of the week has an associated lucky color. วันจันทร์ (Monday) is yellow. Many Thais wear their day's color for good luck!
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:::
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## What's Next
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In Lesson 5, you'll learn practical number usage — money, phone numbers, and everyday situations.
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