@syllst/th 0.1.0
This diff represents the content of publicly available package versions that have been released to one of the supported registries. The information contained in this diff is provided for informational purposes only and reflects changes between package versions as they appear in their respective public registries.
- package/dist/index.d.ts +45 -0
- package/dist/index.d.ts.map +1 -0
- package/dist/index.js +68 -0
- package/dist/index.js.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/alphabet/index.d.ts +10 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/alphabet/index.d.ts.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/alphabet/index.js +38 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/alphabet/index.js.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/dialogue/index.d.ts +10 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/dialogue/index.d.ts.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/dialogue/index.js +34 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/dialogue/index.js.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/essentials/index.d.ts +10 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/essentials/index.d.ts.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/essentials/index.js +32 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/essentials/index.js.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/food/index.d.ts +10 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/food/index.d.ts.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/food/index.js +34 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/food/index.js.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/grammar/index.d.ts +10 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/grammar/index.d.ts.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/grammar/index.js +34 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/grammar/index.js.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/numbers/index.d.ts +10 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/numbers/index.d.ts.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/numbers/index.js +31 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/numbers/index.js.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/reading/index.d.ts +10 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/reading/index.d.ts.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/reading/index.js +36 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/reading/index.js.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/travel/index.d.ts +10 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/travel/index.d.ts.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/travel/index.js +33 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/travel/index.js.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/vowels-tones/index.d.ts +10 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/vowels-tones/index.d.ts.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/vowels-tones/index.js +34 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/vowels-tones/index.js.map +1 -0
- package/package.json +85 -0
- package/src/syllabi/alphabet/lessons/lesson-01.mdx +142 -0
- package/src/syllabi/alphabet/lessons/lesson-02.mdx +186 -0
- package/src/syllabi/alphabet/lessons/lesson-03.mdx +140 -0
- package/src/syllabi/alphabet/lessons/lesson-04.mdx +202 -0
- package/src/syllabi/alphabet/lessons/lesson-05.mdx +186 -0
- package/src/syllabi/alphabet/lessons/lesson-06.mdx +217 -0
- package/src/syllabi/alphabet/lessons/lesson-07.mdx +219 -0
- package/src/syllabi/alphabet/lessons/lesson-08.mdx +210 -0
- package/src/syllabi/alphabet/lessons/lesson-09.mdx +204 -0
- package/src/syllabi/alphabet/lessons/lesson-10.mdx +216 -0
- package/src/syllabi/alphabet/lessons/lesson-11.mdx +243 -0
- package/src/syllabi/alphabet/lessons/lesson-12.mdx +260 -0
- package/src/syllabi/alphabet/meta.mdx +106 -0
- package/src/syllabi/dialogue/lessons/lesson-01.mdx +98 -0
- package/src/syllabi/dialogue/lessons/lesson-02.mdx +107 -0
- package/src/syllabi/dialogue/lessons/lesson-03.mdx +111 -0
- package/src/syllabi/dialogue/lessons/lesson-04.mdx +159 -0
- package/src/syllabi/dialogue/lessons/lesson-05.mdx +176 -0
- package/src/syllabi/dialogue/lessons/lesson-06.mdx +159 -0
- package/src/syllabi/dialogue/lessons/lesson-07.mdx +184 -0
- package/src/syllabi/dialogue/lessons/lesson-08.mdx +192 -0
- package/src/syllabi/dialogue/meta.mdx +58 -0
- package/src/syllabi/essentials/lessons/lesson-01.mdx +125 -0
- package/src/syllabi/essentials/lessons/lesson-02.mdx +191 -0
- package/src/syllabi/essentials/lessons/lesson-03.mdx +212 -0
- package/src/syllabi/essentials/lessons/lesson-04.mdx +220 -0
- package/src/syllabi/essentials/lessons/lesson-05.mdx +231 -0
- package/src/syllabi/essentials/lessons/lesson-06.mdx +260 -0
- package/src/syllabi/essentials/meta.mdx +99 -0
- package/src/syllabi/food/lessons/lesson-01.mdx +140 -0
- package/src/syllabi/food/lessons/lesson-02.mdx +209 -0
- package/src/syllabi/food/lessons/lesson-03.mdx +224 -0
- package/src/syllabi/food/lessons/lesson-04.mdx +217 -0
- package/src/syllabi/food/lessons/lesson-05.mdx +231 -0
- package/src/syllabi/food/lessons/lesson-06.mdx +225 -0
- package/src/syllabi/food/lessons/lesson-07.mdx +235 -0
- package/src/syllabi/food/lessons/lesson-08.mdx +274 -0
- package/src/syllabi/food/meta.mdx +102 -0
- package/src/syllabi/grammar/lessons/lesson-01.mdx +86 -0
- package/src/syllabi/grammar/lessons/lesson-02.mdx +105 -0
- package/src/syllabi/grammar/lessons/lesson-03.mdx +170 -0
- package/src/syllabi/grammar/lessons/lesson-04.mdx +179 -0
- package/src/syllabi/grammar/lessons/lesson-05.mdx +170 -0
- package/src/syllabi/grammar/lessons/lesson-06.mdx +191 -0
- package/src/syllabi/grammar/lessons/lesson-07.mdx +195 -0
- package/src/syllabi/grammar/lessons/lesson-08.mdx +209 -0
- package/src/syllabi/grammar/meta.mdx +57 -0
- package/src/syllabi/numbers/lessons/lesson-01.mdx +115 -0
- package/src/syllabi/numbers/lessons/lesson-02.mdx +186 -0
- package/src/syllabi/numbers/lessons/lesson-03.mdx +179 -0
- package/src/syllabi/numbers/lessons/lesson-04.mdx +201 -0
- package/src/syllabi/numbers/lessons/lesson-05.mdx +203 -0
- package/src/syllabi/numbers/meta.mdx +93 -0
- package/src/syllabi/reading/lessons/lesson-01.mdx +125 -0
- package/src/syllabi/reading/lessons/lesson-02.mdx +134 -0
- package/src/syllabi/reading/lessons/lesson-03.mdx +127 -0
- package/src/syllabi/reading/lessons/lesson-04.mdx +130 -0
- package/src/syllabi/reading/lessons/lesson-05.mdx +132 -0
- package/src/syllabi/reading/lessons/lesson-06.mdx +130 -0
- package/src/syllabi/reading/lessons/lesson-07.mdx +131 -0
- package/src/syllabi/reading/lessons/lesson-08.mdx +135 -0
- package/src/syllabi/reading/lessons/lesson-09.mdx +132 -0
- package/src/syllabi/reading/lessons/lesson-10.mdx +145 -0
- package/src/syllabi/reading/meta.mdx +46 -0
- package/src/syllabi/travel/lessons/lesson-01.mdx +142 -0
- package/src/syllabi/travel/lessons/lesson-02.mdx +156 -0
- package/src/syllabi/travel/lessons/lesson-03.mdx +158 -0
- package/src/syllabi/travel/lessons/lesson-04.mdx +165 -0
- package/src/syllabi/travel/lessons/lesson-05.mdx +167 -0
- package/src/syllabi/travel/lessons/lesson-06.mdx +177 -0
- package/src/syllabi/travel/lessons/lesson-07.mdx +181 -0
- package/src/syllabi/travel/meta.mdx +58 -0
- package/src/syllabi/vowels-tones/lessons/lesson-01.mdx +101 -0
- package/src/syllabi/vowels-tones/lessons/lesson-02.mdx +163 -0
- package/src/syllabi/vowels-tones/lessons/lesson-03.mdx +168 -0
- package/src/syllabi/vowels-tones/lessons/lesson-04.mdx +170 -0
- package/src/syllabi/vowels-tones/lessons/lesson-05.mdx +189 -0
- package/src/syllabi/vowels-tones/lessons/lesson-06.mdx +187 -0
- package/src/syllabi/vowels-tones/lessons/lesson-07.mdx +217 -0
- package/src/syllabi/vowels-tones/lessons/lesson-08.mdx +260 -0
- package/src/syllabi/vowels-tones/meta.mdx +89 -0
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---
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type: lesson
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id: thai-script-lesson-12
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title: "บทที่ 12 — ตัวเลขและสัญลักษณ์"
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description: "Numbers & Symbols: ๐-๙ ฯ ๆ — Thai numerals and special characters"
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order: 12
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parentId: thai-script-alphabet
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difficulty: advanced
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cefrLevel: B1
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categories:
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- numbers
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- symbols
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- punctuation
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- advanced-characters
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metadata:
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estimatedTime: 20
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prerequisites:
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- thai-script-lesson-11
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objectives:
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- "Learn Thai numerals 0-9"
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- "Understand Thai punctuation marks"
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- "Master the repetition mark ๆ"
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- "Complete your Thai script literacy"
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---
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# บทที่ 12 (Lesson 12) — Numbers & Symbols
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## Introduction
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Thai has its own numeral system dating back centuries. While Arabic numerals (0-9) are common in modern Thailand, Thai numerals still appear on official documents, temples, traditional contexts, and formal writing. This lesson also covers essential Thai punctuation.
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## Thai Numerals
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:::character-set{id="thai-numbers" title="Thai Numerals"}
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::character{id="th-zero" char="๐" name="ศูนย์ (sǔun)" nativeName="ศูนย์" transliteration="0" charType="number"}
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::character{id="th-one" char="๑" name="หนึ่ง (nʉ̀ng)" nativeName="หนึ่ง" transliteration="1" charType="number"}
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::character{id="th-two" char="๒" name="สอง (sɔ̌ɔng)" nativeName="สอง" transliteration="2" charType="number"}
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::character{id="th-three" char="๓" name="สาม (sǎam)" nativeName="สาม" transliteration="3" charType="number"}
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::character{id="th-four" char="๔" name="สี่ (sìi)" nativeName="สี่" transliteration="4" charType="number"}
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::character{id="th-five" char="๕" name="ห้า (hâa)" nativeName="ห้า" transliteration="5" charType="number"}
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::character{id="th-six" char="๖" name="หก (hòk)" nativeName="หก" transliteration="6" charType="number"}
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::character{id="th-seven" char="๗" name="เจ็ด (jèt)" nativeName="เจ็ด" transliteration="7" charType="number"}
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::character{id="th-eight" char="๘" name="แปด (bpàaet)" nativeName="แปด" transliteration="8" charType="number"}
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::character{id="th-nine" char="๙" name="เก้า (gâo)" nativeName="เก้า" transliteration="9" charType="number"}
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:::
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## Shape Recognition for Numbers
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Thai numerals have distinctive shapes:
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| Numeral | Shape Hint |
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|---------|------------|
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| ๐ | Circle (like 0) |
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| ๑ | Simple hook |
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| ๒ | Like ๑ with extra curve |
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| ๓ | Three loops/curves |
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| ๔ | Complex with descender |
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| ๕ | Curved shape |
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| ๖ | Has a "tail" going down |
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| ๗ | Curves at top |
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| ๘ | Complex with loops |
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| ๙ | Almost like a "9" reversed |
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**Memory tip**: ๐ (zero) looks like a circle, ๓ (three) has three connected parts.
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## Where You'll See Thai Numerals
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1. **Temple dates**: Buddhist Era years (พ.ศ. ๒๕๖๗)
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2. **Official documents**: Government forms, IDs
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3. **Royal contexts**: Anything related to monarchy
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4. **Traditional signs**: Old buildings, historical markers
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5. **Lottery tickets**: Thai lottery uses Thai numerals
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6. **Clock faces**: Traditional-style clocks
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## The Buddhist Era Calendar
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Thailand uses the **Buddhist Era (พ.ศ.)**, which is 543 years ahead of the Gregorian calendar:
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- 2024 CE = พ.ศ. ๒๕๖๗
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- 2025 CE = พ.ศ. ๒๕๖๘
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When you see dates in Thai numerals, they're likely Buddhist Era!
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## Special Symbols
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:::character-set{id="thai-symbols" title="Thai Symbols"}
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::character{id="th-paiyannoi" char="ฯ" name="ไปยาลน้อย (bpai-yaan-nói)" nativeName="ไปยาลน้อย" transliteration="abbrev." charType="symbol"}
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::character{id="th-maiyamok" char="ๆ" name="ไม้ยมก (mái-yá-mók)" nativeName="ไม้ยมก" transliteration="repeat" charType="symbol"}
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:::
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### ฯ Paiyannoi (Abbreviation Mark)
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Used to indicate abbreviation, similar to a period in abbreviations:
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- กรุงเทพฯ (Krung Thep...) — Bangkok (full: กรุงเทพมหานคร)
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- ฯลฯ — etc. (literally "and so on")
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You'll see ฯ in:
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- Place name abbreviations
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- Title abbreviations
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- Lists ending with "etc."
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### ๆ Maiyamok (Repetition Mark)
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Indicates that the previous word should be repeated:
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- ช้า ๆ (cháa cháa) — slowly (literally "slow slow")
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- เด็ก ๆ (dèk dèk) — children (plural marker)
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- บาง ๆ (baang baang) — somewhat thin
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**Usage patterns**:
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1. **Emphasis/intensity**: ดี ๆ (really good)
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2. **Plurality**: คน ๆ (people, multiple)
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3. **Reduplication for meaning change**: Various idiomatic uses
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Without ๆ, you'd have to write the word twice. This mark saves space and is very common in everyday Thai.
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## Other Symbols You May Encounter
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| Symbol | Name | Use |
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|--------|------|-----|
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| ๆ | Maiyamok | Repetition |
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| ฯ | Paiyannoi | Abbreviation |
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| ๏ | Fongman | Old paragraph marker (rare) |
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| ฯลฯ | (etc.) | Et cetera |
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| ฯพณฯ | (title) | Royal/noble title prefix |
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## Punctuation in Thai
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Traditional Thai used **no punctuation** — no spaces between words, no periods, no commas. Modern Thai has adopted:
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| Punctuation | Usage |
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|-------------|-------|
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| (space) | Between clauses, not words |
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| . | Rarely used; sometimes in abbreviations |
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| , | Borrowed from English, used sparingly |
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| ? | Used in informal writing |
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| ! | Used in informal writing |
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| " " | Quotation marks (borrowed) |
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**Important**: Thai traditionally has no spaces between words. Word boundaries are learned through experience. Spaces appear between phrases or clauses, not individual words.
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## Complete Script Summary
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You've now learned the complete Thai script:
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| Category | Count | Examples |
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|----------|-------|----------|
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| Consonants | 44 | ก ข ค... |
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| Vowels | 32+ | ◌า ◌ิ เ◌... |
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| Tone Marks | 4 | ◌่ ◌้ ◌๊ ◌๋ |
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| Numerals | 10 | ๐-๙ |
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| Symbols | 2+ | ฯ ๆ |
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## Key Points
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1. **Thai numerals exist**: Used in traditional/formal contexts
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2. **Buddhist Era**: Add 543 to get Thai year
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3. **ๆ means repeat**: Common in everyday writing
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4. **ฯ means abbreviated**: Like "..." or abbreviation periods
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5. **No word spaces**: Thai doesn't space between words
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6. **Modern punctuation**: Borrowed from English, used sparingly
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## Practice Exercises
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:::exercise{id="numbers-1-numeral-conversion" type="fill-in-blank" title="Numeral Conversion"}
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**Question:** Convert these Thai numerals to Arabic numerals:
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- ๒๕๖๗
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182
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- ๑๒๓
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183
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+
- ๕๐
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184
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+
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185
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+
**Answer:**
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186
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+
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187
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- ๒๕๖๗ = 2567 (Buddhist Era year, equivalent to 2024 CE)
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188
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- ๑๒๓ = 123
|
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189
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- ๕๐ = 50
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190
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+
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191
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+
**Explanation:** Thai numerals work exactly like Arabic numerals — position determines value. ๒๕๖๗ is a Buddhist Era year (add 543 to get Gregorian year).
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192
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+
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193
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:::
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194
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195
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:::exercise{id="numbers-1-symbol-usage" type="matching" title="Symbol Usage"}
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196
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197
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+
**Question:** Match each symbol to its correct usage
|
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198
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+
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199
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+
- ๆ (mái yamok)
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200
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+
- ฯ (paiyannoi)
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201
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+
- ฯลฯ
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202
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+
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203
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+
**Answer:**
|
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204
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+
|
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205
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+
- ๆ → Repetition mark (repeat the previous word)
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206
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- ฯ → Abbreviation mark (indicates shortened form)
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207
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+
- ฯลฯ → Et cetera (and so on)
|
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208
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+
|
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209
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+
**Explanation:** ๆ is very common in Thai writing for emphasis and plurality. ฯ indicates abbreviations, especially in place names. ฯลฯ means "etc."
|
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210
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+
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211
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:::
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212
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+
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213
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:::exercise{id="numbers-1-reading-practice" type="fill-in-blank" title="Reading Practice with Symbols"}
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214
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+
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215
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+
**Question:** What do these phrases mean?
|
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216
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+
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217
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- กรุงเทพฯ
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218
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+
- ช้า ๆ
|
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219
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+
- เด็ก ๆ
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220
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+
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221
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+
**Answer:**
|
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222
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+
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223
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+
- กรุงเทพฯ = Bangkok (abbreviated from กรุงเทพมหานคร)
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224
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- ช้า ๆ = slowly (reduplication for emphasis)
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225
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+
- เด็ก ๆ = children (plural marker)
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226
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+
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227
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+
**Explanation:** ฯ abbreviates long place names. ๆ creates reduplication for emphasis (ช้า = slow, ช้า ๆ = slowly) or plurality (เด็ก = child, เด็ก ๆ = children).
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+
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+
:::
|
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230
|
+
|
|
231
|
+
## Congratulations!
|
|
232
|
+
|
|
233
|
+
You've completed the Thai Script course! You now know:
|
|
234
|
+
- All 44 consonants and their classes
|
|
235
|
+
- The tone mark system
|
|
236
|
+
- Thai numerals and symbols
|
|
237
|
+
|
|
238
|
+
**What's next?**
|
|
239
|
+
- Practice reading real Thai text
|
|
240
|
+
- Learn Thai vowels in depth
|
|
241
|
+
- Build vocabulary
|
|
242
|
+
- Study grammar patterns
|
|
243
|
+
|
|
244
|
+
Remember: Reading Thai is a skill that improves with practice. The patterns you've learned will become automatic as you read more Thai text.
|
|
245
|
+
|
|
246
|
+
## Final Practice Challenge
|
|
247
|
+
|
|
248
|
+
Try reading this sentence:
|
|
249
|
+
|
|
250
|
+
**กรุงเทพฯ เป็นเมืองหลวงของประเทศไทย**
|
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251
|
+
|
|
252
|
+
- กรุงเทพฯ (Krung Thep...) — Bangkok
|
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253
|
+
- เป็น (bpen) — is
|
|
254
|
+
- เมืองหลวง (mʉang-lǔang) — capital city
|
|
255
|
+
- ของ (khɔ̌ɔng) — of
|
|
256
|
+
- ประเทศไทย (bprà-thêet-thai) — Thailand
|
|
257
|
+
|
|
258
|
+
"Bangkok is the capital city of Thailand."
|
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259
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+
|
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260
|
+
You can read Thai!
|
|
@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
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|
|
1
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+
---
|
|
2
|
+
type: syllabusRoot
|
|
3
|
+
id: thai-script-alphabet
|
|
4
|
+
title: "อักษรไทย (Thai Script) - The Thai Alphabet"
|
|
5
|
+
language: th
|
|
6
|
+
version: "1.0.0"
|
|
7
|
+
extractedAt: "2026-01-14T00:00:00Z"
|
|
8
|
+
source:
|
|
9
|
+
title: "Thai Script Alphabet Course"
|
|
10
|
+
authors:
|
|
11
|
+
- "Lalia Team"
|
|
12
|
+
publisher: "Lalia"
|
|
13
|
+
year: 2026
|
|
14
|
+
---
|
|
15
|
+
|
|
16
|
+
# อักษรไทย (Thai Script) - The Thai Alphabet
|
|
17
|
+
|
|
18
|
+
## Syllabus Overview
|
|
19
|
+
|
|
20
|
+
This syllabus covers the complete Thai alphabet, organized into 12 progressive lessons that take you from zero to reading Thai script.
|
|
21
|
+
|
|
22
|
+
Thai script is an abugida derived from the Khmer script, which itself descends from the Brahmi script of ancient India. Created in 1283 by King Ramkhamhaeng the Great, Thai script has been continuously used for over 700 years.
|
|
23
|
+
|
|
24
|
+
## Why Consonant Classes Matter
|
|
25
|
+
|
|
26
|
+
Unlike most alphabets, **Thai consonants are divided into three classes**: Middle (กลาง), High (สูง), and Low (ต่ำ). This isn't just historical trivia—it's essential for correct pronunciation because **consonant class determines tone**.
|
|
27
|
+
|
|
28
|
+
Understanding the class system from day one will make tones intuitive rather than arbitrary. This is why we teach middle-class consonants first.
|
|
29
|
+
|
|
30
|
+
## Structure
|
|
31
|
+
|
|
32
|
+
The Thai alphabet consists of:
|
|
33
|
+
- **44 consonants** (พยัญชนะ) in three classes
|
|
34
|
+
- **32 vowel forms** (สระ) written above, below, before, or after consonants
|
|
35
|
+
- **4 tone marks** (วรรณยุกต์) that modify pitch
|
|
36
|
+
- **10 Thai numerals** (เลขไทย)
|
|
37
|
+
|
|
38
|
+
## The Three Consonant Classes
|
|
39
|
+
|
|
40
|
+
| Class | Thai | Count | Inherent Tone | Example |
|
|
41
|
+
|-------|------|-------|---------------|---------|
|
|
42
|
+
| Middle | กลาง | 9 | Mid | ก (chicken) |
|
|
43
|
+
| High | สูง | 11 | Rising | ข (egg) |
|
|
44
|
+
| Low | ต่ำ | 24 | Mid/Low | ค (buffalo) |
|
|
45
|
+
|
|
46
|
+
## Course Structure
|
|
47
|
+
|
|
48
|
+
### Chapter 1: Foundation (Lessons 1-4) — A1 Level
|
|
49
|
+
|
|
50
|
+
**Goal**: Master the most common consonants and basic vowels
|
|
51
|
+
|
|
52
|
+
1. [Lesson 1: Middle-Class Consonants I](./lessons/lesson-01.mdx) - ก จ ด ต ป บ
|
|
53
|
+
2. [Lesson 2: Middle-Class Consonants II](./lessons/lesson-02.mdx) - ม ย ร ล อ
|
|
54
|
+
3. [Lesson 3: High-Class Consonants I](./lessons/lesson-03.mdx) - ข ค ส ห
|
|
55
|
+
4. [Lesson 4: High-Class Consonants II](./lessons/lesson-04.mdx) - ถ ท ฉ ผ พ ฝ
|
|
56
|
+
|
|
57
|
+
### Chapter 2: Expansion (Lessons 5-8) — A2 Level
|
|
58
|
+
|
|
59
|
+
**Goal**: Learn low-class consonants and build reading fluency
|
|
60
|
+
|
|
61
|
+
5. [Lesson 5: Low-Class Consonants I](./lessons/lesson-05.mdx) - น ง ว
|
|
62
|
+
6. [Lesson 6: Low-Class Consonants II](./lessons/lesson-06.mdx) - ช ซ ฮ
|
|
63
|
+
7. [Lesson 7: Low-Class Paired](./lessons/lesson-07.mdx) - ท ธ ภ ฟ
|
|
64
|
+
8. [Lesson 8: Rare Consonants](./lessons/lesson-08.mdx) - ญ ณ ศ ษ
|
|
65
|
+
|
|
66
|
+
### Chapter 3: Completion (Lessons 9-12) — B1 Level
|
|
67
|
+
|
|
68
|
+
**Goal**: Complete the alphabet with archaic characters, tones, and numbers
|
|
69
|
+
|
|
70
|
+
9. [Lesson 9: Archaic Consonants](./lessons/lesson-09.mdx) - ฃ ฅ ฆ ฌ ฎ ฏ
|
|
71
|
+
10. [Lesson 10: Final Rare Consonants](./lessons/lesson-10.mdx) - ฐ ฑ ฒ ฬ
|
|
72
|
+
11. [Lesson 11: Tone Marks](./lessons/lesson-11.mdx) - ◌่ ◌้ ◌๊ ◌๋
|
|
73
|
+
12. [Lesson 12: Numbers & Symbols](./lessons/lesson-12.mdx) - ๐-๙ ฯ ๆ
|
|
74
|
+
|
|
75
|
+
## The Mnemonic System
|
|
76
|
+
|
|
77
|
+
Every Thai consonant has a traditional mnemonic word—usually an animal or common object. For example:
|
|
78
|
+
- **ก** = **ก**ไก่ (gɔɔ gài) - "G as in Chicken"
|
|
79
|
+
- **ข** = **ข**ไข่ (khɔ̌ɔ khài) - "KH as in Egg"
|
|
80
|
+
|
|
81
|
+
These aren't just teaching aids; they're the official names used when spelling Thai words aloud. Learning the mnemonics is essential.
|
|
82
|
+
|
|
83
|
+
## Learning Approach
|
|
84
|
+
|
|
85
|
+
1. **Recognition**: Identify consonants by shape and class
|
|
86
|
+
2. **Pronunciation**: Master initial and final sounds (they differ!)
|
|
87
|
+
3. **Mnemonics**: Learn the animal/object names
|
|
88
|
+
4. **Combinations**: Read consonant + vowel syllables
|
|
89
|
+
5. **Tones**: Apply tone rules based on class
|
|
90
|
+
|
|
91
|
+
## Skill Tracks
|
|
92
|
+
|
|
93
|
+
This syllabus supports multiple skill tracks:
|
|
94
|
+
- **Recognition** (`th:character:*`) - Identify consonants
|
|
95
|
+
- **Typing** (`th:typing:*`) - Type on Thai keyboard
|
|
96
|
+
|
|
97
|
+
## Notes
|
|
98
|
+
|
|
99
|
+
- Thai is written left-to-right without spaces between words
|
|
100
|
+
- Vowels can appear before, after, above, or below consonants
|
|
101
|
+
- The same consonant can have different sounds in initial vs final position
|
|
102
|
+
- Tone is determined by: consonant class + vowel length + tone mark + final consonant
|
|
103
|
+
|
|
104
|
+
---
|
|
105
|
+
|
|
106
|
+
*This meta file orchestrates all lesson files for the Thai Script syllabus.*
|
|
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
|
|
|
1
|
+
---
|
|
2
|
+
type: lesson
|
|
3
|
+
id: thai-dialogue-lesson-01
|
|
4
|
+
title: "บทที่ 1 — ที่ตลาด"
|
|
5
|
+
description: "At the Market: Buying fruits, bargaining, and asking prices"
|
|
6
|
+
order: 1
|
|
7
|
+
parentId: thai-dialogue
|
|
8
|
+
difficulty: intermediate
|
|
9
|
+
cefrLevel: A2
|
|
10
|
+
categories:
|
|
11
|
+
- dialogue
|
|
12
|
+
- market
|
|
13
|
+
- shopping
|
|
14
|
+
metadata:
|
|
15
|
+
estimatedTime: 30
|
|
16
|
+
objectives:
|
|
17
|
+
- "Ask prices at the market"
|
|
18
|
+
- "Bargain politely"
|
|
19
|
+
- "Buy fruits and vegetables"
|
|
20
|
+
- "Handle basic transactions"
|
|
21
|
+
---
|
|
22
|
+
|
|
23
|
+
# บทที่ 1 (Lesson 1) — At the Market
|
|
24
|
+
|
|
25
|
+
## Situation
|
|
26
|
+
|
|
27
|
+
You're at a fresh market (ตลาดสด) buying mangoes from a vendor.
|
|
28
|
+
|
|
29
|
+
## Dialogue
|
|
30
|
+
|
|
31
|
+
:::dialogue{id="market-dialogue-1" title="Buying Mangoes"}
|
|
32
|
+
|
|
33
|
+
**ผู้ขาย (Vendor):** สวัสดีค่ะ รับอะไรดีคะ?
|
|
34
|
+
*sà-wàt-dii khâ, ráp à-rai dii khá?*
|
|
35
|
+
Hello! What would you like?
|
|
36
|
+
|
|
37
|
+
**คุณ (You):** มะม่วงกิโลละเท่าไหร่ครับ/ค่ะ?
|
|
38
|
+
*má-mûang gì-loh lá thâo-rài khráp/khâ?*
|
|
39
|
+
How much are the mangoes per kilo?
|
|
40
|
+
|
|
41
|
+
**ผู้ขาย:** กิโลละ 60 บาทค่ะ
|
|
42
|
+
*gì-loh lá hòk-sìp bàat khâ*
|
|
43
|
+
60 baht per kilo.
|
|
44
|
+
|
|
45
|
+
**คุณ:** ลดได้ไหมครับ/ค่ะ? 50 บาทได้ไหม?
|
|
46
|
+
*lót dâai mái khráp/khâ? hâa-sìp bàat dâai mái?*
|
|
47
|
+
Can you reduce it? How about 50 baht?
|
|
48
|
+
|
|
49
|
+
**ผู้ขาย:** ไม่ได้ค่ะ แต่ซื้อ 2 กิโล 100 บาทนะคะ
|
|
50
|
+
*mâi dâai khâ, dtàe súue sǎawng gì-loh nùeng-rói bàat ná khá*
|
|
51
|
+
No, but 2 kilos for 100 baht.
|
|
52
|
+
|
|
53
|
+
**คุณ:** ได้ครับ/ค่ะ เอา 2 กิโล
|
|
54
|
+
*dâai khráp/khâ, ao sǎawng gì-loh*
|
|
55
|
+
OK, I'll take 2 kilos.
|
|
56
|
+
|
|
57
|
+
**ผู้ขาย:** ค่ะ นี่ค่ะ ขอบคุณค่ะ
|
|
58
|
+
*khâ, nîi khâ, khàawp-khun khâ*
|
|
59
|
+
Here you go. Thank you!
|
|
60
|
+
|
|
61
|
+
:::
|
|
62
|
+
|
|
63
|
+
## Key Phrases
|
|
64
|
+
|
|
65
|
+
| Thai | Romanization | Meaning |
|
|
66
|
+
|------|--------------|---------|
|
|
67
|
+
| รับอะไรดีคะ? | ráp à-rai dii khá? | What would you like? |
|
|
68
|
+
| ...เท่าไหร่? | ...thâo-rài? | How much is...? |
|
|
69
|
+
| กิโลละ... | gì-loh lá... | ...per kilo |
|
|
70
|
+
| ลดได้ไหม? | lót dâai mái? | Can you reduce it? |
|
|
71
|
+
| ไม่ได้ค่ะ | mâi dâai khâ | No, (I) can't |
|
|
72
|
+
| เอา... | ao... | I'll take... |
|
|
73
|
+
|
|
74
|
+
## Bargaining Tips
|
|
75
|
+
|
|
76
|
+
1. **Be friendly** - Smile and be polite
|
|
77
|
+
2. **Start lower** - Offer 20-30% less than asking price
|
|
78
|
+
3. **Walk away** - If they don't budge, start walking; they may call you back
|
|
79
|
+
4. **Bundle** - Ask for discounts on larger quantities
|
|
80
|
+
5. **Don't bargain at supermarkets** - Only at markets and small shops
|
|
81
|
+
|
|
82
|
+
## Cultural Note
|
|
83
|
+
|
|
84
|
+
Bargaining (ต่อราคา, dtàaw raa-khaa) is expected at fresh markets but not at supermarkets or convenience stores. Always bargain with a smile!
|
|
85
|
+
|
|
86
|
+
## Variations
|
|
87
|
+
|
|
88
|
+
**Asking about ripeness:**
|
|
89
|
+
- สุกแล้วหรือยัง? (sùk láew rǔue yang?) - Is it ripe yet?
|
|
90
|
+
- มีสุกๆ ไหม? (mii sùk sùk mái?) - Do you have ripe ones?
|
|
91
|
+
|
|
92
|
+
**Other quantities:**
|
|
93
|
+
- ขีดละเท่าไหร่? (khìit lá thâo-rài?) - How much per 100g?
|
|
94
|
+
- ลูกละเท่าไหร่? (lûuk lá thâo-rài?) - How much each?
|
|
95
|
+
|
|
96
|
+
## What's Next
|
|
97
|
+
|
|
98
|
+
In Lesson 2, you'll learn restaurant dialogues — ordering food, making special requests, and handling the bill at Thai restaurants.
|
|
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
|
|
|
1
|
+
---
|
|
2
|
+
type: lesson
|
|
3
|
+
id: thai-dialogue-lesson-02
|
|
4
|
+
title: "บทที่ 2 — ที่ร้านอาหาร"
|
|
5
|
+
description: "At the Restaurant: Ordering food and making special requests"
|
|
6
|
+
order: 2
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7
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parentId: thai-dialogue
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8
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+
difficulty: intermediate
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9
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cefrLevel: A2
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10
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+
categories:
|
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11
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+
- dialogue
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12
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- restaurant
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13
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- food
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14
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+
metadata:
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15
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+
estimatedTime: 30
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16
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+
prerequisites:
|
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17
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+
- thai-dialogue-lesson-01
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|
18
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+
objectives:
|
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19
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+
- "Order food at a restaurant"
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20
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+
- "Make special dietary requests"
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21
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- "Ask for the bill"
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22
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- "Handle common restaurant situations"
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23
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+
---
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24
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+
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25
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# บทที่ 2 (Lesson 2) — At the Restaurant
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26
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+
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27
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## Situation
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28
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+
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29
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You're at a Thai restaurant ordering lunch.
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30
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+
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31
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## Dialogue
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32
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+
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33
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:::dialogue{id="restaurant-dialogue-1" title="Ordering Lunch"}
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34
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+
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35
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**พนักงาน (Server):** สวัสดีค่ะ สั่งอะไรดีคะ?
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36
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+
*sà-wàt-dii khâ, sàng à-rai dii khá?*
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37
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+
Hello! What would you like to order?
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38
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+
|
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39
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+
**คุณ (You):** ขอผัดไทยหนึ่งจานครับ/ค่ะ ไม่เผ็ดได้ไหม?
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|
40
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+
*khǎaw phàt-thai nùeng jaan khráp/khâ, mâi phèt dâai mái?*
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41
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+
I'd like one pad thai please. Can it be not spicy?
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42
|
+
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43
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+
**พนักงาน:** ได้ค่ะ ไม่เผ็ดเลยหรือเผ็ดนิดหน่อย?
|
|
44
|
+
*dâai khâ, mâi phèt ləəi rǔue phèt nít-nàwy?*
|
|
45
|
+
Sure. Not spicy at all, or a little bit spicy?
|
|
46
|
+
|
|
47
|
+
**คุณ:** ไม่เผ็ดเลยครับ/ค่ะ
|
|
48
|
+
*mâi phèt ləəi khráp/khâ*
|
|
49
|
+
Not spicy at all.
|
|
50
|
+
|
|
51
|
+
**พนักงาน:** ค่ะ รับเครื่องดื่มอะไรไหมคะ?
|
|
52
|
+
*khâ, ráp khrûueang-dùuem à-rai mái khá?*
|
|
53
|
+
Would you like any drinks?
|
|
54
|
+
|
|
55
|
+
**คุณ:** ขอน้ำเปล่าแก้วหนึ่งครับ/ค่ะ
|
|
56
|
+
*khǎaw náam-bplào gâew nùeng khráp/khâ*
|
|
57
|
+
One glass of water, please.
|
|
58
|
+
|
|
59
|
+
*[After eating]*
|
|
60
|
+
|
|
61
|
+
**คุณ:** เก็บเงินด้วยครับ/ค่ะ
|
|
62
|
+
*gèp ngəən dûuay khráp/khâ*
|
|
63
|
+
Check please.
|
|
64
|
+
|
|
65
|
+
**พนักงาน:** ค่ะ ทั้งหมด 80 บาทค่ะ
|
|
66
|
+
*khâ, tháng-mòt bpàet-sìp bàat khâ*
|
|
67
|
+
That's 80 baht total.
|
|
68
|
+
|
|
69
|
+
:::
|
|
70
|
+
|
|
71
|
+
## Key Phrases
|
|
72
|
+
|
|
73
|
+
| Thai | Romanization | Meaning |
|
|
74
|
+
|------|--------------|---------|
|
|
75
|
+
| ขอ...หนึ่งจาน | khǎaw...nùeng jaan | I'd like one plate of... |
|
|
76
|
+
| สั่งอะไรดี? | sàng à-rai dii? | What would you like to order? |
|
|
77
|
+
| ไม่เผ็ด | mâi phèt | not spicy |
|
|
78
|
+
| เผ็ดนิดหน่อย | phèt nít-nàwy | a little spicy |
|
|
79
|
+
| เผ็ดมาก | phèt mâak | very spicy |
|
|
80
|
+
| เก็บเงินด้วย | gèp ngəən dûuay | Check please |
|
|
81
|
+
| ทั้งหมด | tháng-mòt | total/altogether |
|
|
82
|
+
|
|
83
|
+
## Spice Levels
|
|
84
|
+
|
|
85
|
+
| Thai | Level |
|
|
86
|
+
|------|-------|
|
|
87
|
+
| ไม่เผ็ดเลย | Not spicy at all |
|
|
88
|
+
| เผ็ดนิดหน่อย | A little spicy |
|
|
89
|
+
| เผ็ดปกติ | Normal spicy |
|
|
90
|
+
| เผ็ดมาก | Very spicy |
|
|
91
|
+
|
|
92
|
+
## Special Requests
|
|
93
|
+
|
|
94
|
+
| Request | Thai |
|
|
95
|
+
|---------|------|
|
|
96
|
+
| No MSG | ไม่ใส่ผงชูรส (mâi sài phǒng-chuu-rót) |
|
|
97
|
+
| No peanuts | ไม่ใส่ถั่ว (mâi sài thùa) |
|
|
98
|
+
| No meat | ไม่ใส่เนื้อสัตว์ (mâi sài núea-sàt) |
|
|
99
|
+
| Vegetarian | มังสวิรัติ (mang-sà-wí-rát) or เจ (jay) |
|
|
100
|
+
|
|
101
|
+
## Cultural Note
|
|
102
|
+
|
|
103
|
+
In Thai restaurants, you don't tip at street food stalls, but 10% is appreciated at nicer restaurants. "เก็บเงิน" (check please) is more common than asking for "บิล" (bill).
|
|
104
|
+
|
|
105
|
+
## What's Next
|
|
106
|
+
|
|
107
|
+
In Lesson 3, you'll learn dialogues for shopping — bargaining, asking about products, and handling transactions at markets and stores.
|
|
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
|
|
|
1
|
+
---
|
|
2
|
+
type: lesson
|
|
3
|
+
id: thai-dialogue-lesson-03
|
|
4
|
+
title: "บทที่ 3 — ถามทาง"
|
|
5
|
+
description: "Asking Directions: Finding your way around"
|
|
6
|
+
order: 3
|
|
7
|
+
parentId: thai-dialogue
|
|
8
|
+
difficulty: intermediate
|
|
9
|
+
cefrLevel: A2
|
|
10
|
+
categories:
|
|
11
|
+
- dialogue
|
|
12
|
+
- directions
|
|
13
|
+
- navigation
|
|
14
|
+
metadata:
|
|
15
|
+
estimatedTime: 30
|
|
16
|
+
prerequisites:
|
|
17
|
+
- thai-dialogue-lesson-02
|
|
18
|
+
objectives:
|
|
19
|
+
- "Ask where something is located"
|
|
20
|
+
- "Understand direction instructions"
|
|
21
|
+
- "Ask for clarification"
|
|
22
|
+
- "Thank someone for helping"
|
|
23
|
+
---
|
|
24
|
+
|
|
25
|
+
# บทที่ 3 (Lesson 3) — Asking Directions
|
|
26
|
+
|
|
27
|
+
## Situation
|
|
28
|
+
|
|
29
|
+
You're looking for a temple (Wat Pho) and asking a local for directions.
|
|
30
|
+
|
|
31
|
+
## Dialogue
|
|
32
|
+
|
|
33
|
+
:::dialogue{id="directions-dialogue-1" title="Finding Wat Pho"}
|
|
34
|
+
|
|
35
|
+
**คุณ (You):** ขอโทษครับ/ค่ะ วัดโพธิ์อยู่ที่ไหนครับ/คะ?
|
|
36
|
+
*khǎaw-thôot khráp/khâ, wát-phoo yùu thîi-nǎi khráp/khá?*
|
|
37
|
+
Excuse me, where is Wat Pho?
|
|
38
|
+
|
|
39
|
+
**คนไทย (Thai person):** วัดโพธิ์เหรอครับ? ตรงไปแล้วเลี้ยวซ้ายที่สี่แยก
|
|
40
|
+
*wát-phoo rǒe khráp? dtrong bpai láew líaw sáai thîi sìi-yàek*
|
|
41
|
+
Wat Pho? Go straight and turn left at the intersection.
|
|
42
|
+
|
|
43
|
+
**คุณ:** เดินไกลไหมครับ/คะ?
|
|
44
|
+
*dəən glai mái khráp/khá?*
|
|
45
|
+
Is it far to walk?
|
|
46
|
+
|
|
47
|
+
**คนไทย:** ไม่ไกลครับ ประมาณ 5 นาที
|
|
48
|
+
*mâi glai khráp, bprà-maan hâa naa-thii*
|
|
49
|
+
Not far. About 5 minutes.
|
|
50
|
+
|
|
51
|
+
**คุณ:** เลี้ยวซ้ายที่ไหนครับ/คะ?
|
|
52
|
+
*líaw sáai thîi-nǎi khráp/khá?*
|
|
53
|
+
Where do I turn left?
|
|
54
|
+
|
|
55
|
+
**คนไทย:** ที่สี่แยกแรกครับ จะเห็นเซเว่นอยู่มุมถนน
|
|
56
|
+
*thîi sìi-yàek râek khráp, jà hěn seh-wen yùu mum thà-nǒn*
|
|
57
|
+
At the first intersection. You'll see a 7-Eleven on the corner.
|
|
58
|
+
|
|
59
|
+
**คุณ:** ขอบคุณมากครับ/ค่ะ
|
|
60
|
+
*khàawp-khun mâak khráp/khâ*
|
|
61
|
+
Thank you very much!
|
|
62
|
+
|
|
63
|
+
**คนไทย:** ไม่เป็นไรครับ
|
|
64
|
+
*mâi bpen rai khráp*
|
|
65
|
+
You're welcome!
|
|
66
|
+
|
|
67
|
+
:::
|
|
68
|
+
|
|
69
|
+
## Key Phrases
|
|
70
|
+
|
|
71
|
+
| Thai | Romanization | Meaning |
|
|
72
|
+
|------|--------------|---------|
|
|
73
|
+
| ...อยู่ที่ไหน? | ...yùu thîi-nǎi? | Where is...? |
|
|
74
|
+
| ตรงไป | dtrong bpai | go straight |
|
|
75
|
+
| เลี้ยวซ้าย | líaw sáai | turn left |
|
|
76
|
+
| เลี้ยวขวา | líaw kwǎa | turn right |
|
|
77
|
+
| ไกลไหม? | glai mái? | Is it far? |
|
|
78
|
+
| ไม่ไกล | mâi glai | not far |
|
|
79
|
+
| ประมาณ...นาที | bprà-maan...naa-thii | about...minutes |
|
|
80
|
+
|
|
81
|
+
## Direction Words
|
|
82
|
+
|
|
83
|
+
| Thai | Meaning |
|
|
84
|
+
|------|---------|
|
|
85
|
+
| ตรงไป | go straight |
|
|
86
|
+
| เลี้ยวซ้าย | turn left |
|
|
87
|
+
| เลี้ยวขวา | turn right |
|
|
88
|
+
| ตรงข้าม | across from |
|
|
89
|
+
| ข้างๆ | next to |
|
|
90
|
+
| ใกล้ | near |
|
|
91
|
+
| ไกล | far |
|
|
92
|
+
| มุมถนน | street corner |
|
|
93
|
+
|
|
94
|
+
## Landmarks to Look For
|
|
95
|
+
|
|
96
|
+
| Thai | Meaning |
|
|
97
|
+
|------|---------|
|
|
98
|
+
| สี่แยก | intersection |
|
|
99
|
+
| ไฟแดง | traffic light |
|
|
100
|
+
| สะพาน | bridge |
|
|
101
|
+
| ปั๊มน้ำมัน | gas station |
|
|
102
|
+
| เซเว่น | 7-Eleven |
|
|
103
|
+
| ธนาคาร | bank |
|
|
104
|
+
|
|
105
|
+
## Cultural Note
|
|
106
|
+
|
|
107
|
+
Thais often use landmarks rather than street names when giving directions. 7-Elevens (เซเว่น) are especially useful as they're everywhere!
|
|
108
|
+
|
|
109
|
+
## What's Next
|
|
110
|
+
|
|
111
|
+
In Lesson 4, you'll learn dialogues for transportation — taking taxis, tuk-tuks, and public transport in Thailand.
|