@syllst/th 0.1.0

package/src/syllabi/travel/lessons/lesson-07.mdx

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+---
+type: lesson
+id: thai-travel-lesson-07
+title: "บทที่ 7 — เหตุฉุกเฉิน"
+description: "Emergencies: Getting help when things go wrong"
+order: 7
+parentId: thai-vocab-travel
+difficulty: beginner
+cefrLevel: A2
+categories:
+  - travel
+  - emergency
+  - safety
+metadata:
+  estimatedTime: 25
+  prerequisites:
+    - thai-travel-lesson-06
+  objectives:
+    - "Call for help in emergencies"
+    - "Report lost items"
+    - "Communicate with police"
+    - "Handle medical situations"
+---
+
+# บทที่ 7 (Lesson 7) — Emergencies
+
+## Introduction
+
+Hopefully you'll never need these words, but knowing emergency vocabulary gives you peace of mind and could be crucial when things go wrong.
+
+## Emergency Calls
+
+:::vocabulary-set{id="thai-emergency-calls" title="Emergency Words"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="chuay-duay" word="ช่วยด้วย" pronunciation="chûay dûay" meaning="help!"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="het-chuk-chen" word="เหตุฉุกเฉิน" pronunciation="hèet chùk-chěen" meaning="emergency"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="tho-riak" word="โทรเรียก" pronunciation="thoo rîak" meaning="call (someone)"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="tam-ruat" word="ตำรวจ" pronunciation="dtam-rùat" meaning="police"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="rot-pha-ya-baan" word="รถพยาบาล" pronunciation="rót pha-yaa-baan" meaning="ambulance"}
+
+:::
+
+## Lost & Found
+
+:::vocabulary-set{id="thai-lost-found" title="Lost & Found"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="haai" word="หาย" pronunciation="hǎai" meaning="lost/missing"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="tham-hai" word="ทำหาย" pronunciation="tham hǎai" meaning="to lose (something)"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ngoen" word="เงิน" pronunciation="ngəən" meaning="money"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="passport" word="พาสปอร์ต" pronunciation="phâat-sà-pɔ̀ɔt" meaning="passport"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="kra-bpao" word="กระเป๋า" pronunciation="grà-bpǎo" meaning="bag/wallet"}
+
+:::
+
+## Medical Emergencies
+
+| Thai | Meaning |
+|------|---------|
+| เจ็บ | hurt/pain |
+| ป่วย | sick |
+| แพ้ | allergic |
+| หมอ | doctor |
+| ยา | medicine |
+| โรงพยาบาล | hospital |
+
+## Emergency Numbers
+
+| Number | Service |
+|--------|---------|
+| 191 | Police |
+| 1669 | Medical Emergency |
+| 1155 | Tourist Police |
+| 199 | Fire |
+
+## Emergency Phrases
+
+| Thai | Meaning |
+|------|---------|
+| ช่วยด้วย! | Help! |
+| เรียกตำรวจ | Call the police |
+| เรียกรถพยาบาล | Call an ambulance |
+| พาสปอร์ตหาย | My passport is lost |
+| กระเป๋าหาย | My bag is lost |
+| โดนขโมย | I was robbed |
+| ต้องไปโรงพยาบาล | I need to go to the hospital |
+| พูดภาษาอังกฤษได้ไหม | Can you speak English? |
+
+## Sample Conversations
+
+**Reporting theft:**
+- คุณ: ช่วยด้วยครับ! กระเป๋าหายครับ! (Help! My bag is lost!)
+- ตำรวจ: หายที่ไหนครับ (Where did you lose it?)
+- คุณ: ที่ตลาดครับ โดนขโมยครับ (At the market. I was robbed)
+- ตำรวจ: มีอะไรในกระเป๋าครับ (What was in the bag?)
+- คุณ: เงิน พาสปอร์ต และโทรศัพท์ครับ (Money, passport, and phone)
+
+**Medical emergency:**
+- คุณ: ต้องไปโรงพยาบาลครับ เพื่อนป่วยมาก (I need to go to the hospital. My friend is very sick)
+- คนไทย: โรงพยาบาลใกล้ๆ อยู่ตรงนั้นครับ (The nearest hospital is over there)
+
+## Key Points
+
+1. **ช่วยด้วย = help!**: Memorize this first
+2. **1155 = Tourist Police**: They often speak English
+3. **หาย = lost**: ทำ...หาย = I lost my...
+4. **โดนขโมย = was robbed**: Report to police immediately
+
+## Practice Exercises
+
+:::exercise{id="travel-7-emergency-numbers" type="matching" title="Emergency Numbers"}
+
+**Question:** Match each emergency number to its service
+
+- 191
+- 1669
+- 1155
+- 199
+
+**Answer:**
+
+- 191 → Police
+- 1669 → Medical Emergency
+- 1155 → Tourist Police (often speak English)
+- 199 → Fire Department
+
+**Explanation:** Memorize these numbers! 1155 (Tourist Police) is especially useful as they often speak English and can help with tourist-specific issues.
+
+:::
+
+:::exercise{id="travel-7-lost-items" type="fill-in-blank" title="Reporting Lost Items"}
+
+**Question:** How do you report these lost items?
+
+- My bag is lost
+- My passport is lost
+- I was robbed
+
+**Answer:**
+
+- กระเป๋าหาย (bag lost)
+- พาสปอร์ตหาย (passport lost)
+- โดนขโมย (was robbed)
+
+**Explanation:** หาย means "lost/missing". โดนขโมย means "was robbed" and is more serious - report to police immediately. Always keep copies of important documents!
+
+:::
+
+:::exercise{id="travel-7-medical-emergency" type="multiple-choice" title="Medical Emergencies"}
+
+**Question:** What should you say if you need to go to the hospital urgently?
+
+**Options:**
+- ไม่สบาย (not feeling well)
+- ต้องไปโรงพยาบาล (need to go to hospital)
+- เรียกรถพยาบาล (call ambulance)
+- All of the above depending on severity
+
+**Answer:** 4
+
+**Explanation:** Use ไม่สบาย for minor issues, ต้องไปโรงพยาบาล for serious but not immediate, and เรียกรถพยาบาล for emergencies requiring immediate medical transport.
+
+:::
+
+## Course Complete!
+
+Congratulations! You've completed the Thai Travel course. You can now:
+- Navigate transportation in Thailand
+- Ask for and understand directions
+- Book accommodation and shop at markets
+- Handle schedules and emergencies
+- Travel with confidence!
+
+เดินทางปลอดภัยนะครับ! (Safe travels!)

package/src/syllabi/travel/meta.mdx

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+---
+type: syllabus
+id: thai-vocab-travel
+title: "การเดินทาง (Travel & Directions)"
+description: "Navigate cities, use transport, and ask for directions"
+language: th
+cefrLevel: A2
+totalLessons: 7
+totalKubits: 70
+kubitPrefix: "th:vocab:travel:"
+categories:
+  - travel
+  - transport
+  - directions
+  - shopping
+metadata:
+  version: 1.0.0
+  lastUpdated: 2025-01-14
+  targetAudience: tourists, expats, language learners
+  prerequisites:
+    - thai-essentials
+---
+
+# การเดินทาง — Travel & Directions
+
+Master the vocabulary you need to explore Thailand confidently. From hailing a taxi to finding your hotel, this syllabus covers all the essential travel phrases.
+
+## What You'll Learn
+
+- **Getting Around**: Taxis, buses, BTS, boats, and motorbikes
+- **Asking Directions**: Navigate streets, landmarks, and neighborhoods
+- **Key Places**: Hotels, airports, temples, markets, and beaches
+- **Accommodation**: Booking rooms and understanding amenities
+- **Shopping**: Bargaining, prices, and payment
+- **Time & Schedules**: Departure times, durations, and planning
+- **Emergencies**: Getting help when things go wrong
+
+## Course Structure
+
+| Lesson | Topic | Items |
+|--------|-------|-------|
+| 1 | Getting Around | 10 |
+| 2 | Directions | 10 |
+| 3 | Key Places | 10 |
+| 4 | Accommodation | 10 |
+| 5 | Shopping | 10 |
+| 6 | Time & Schedules | 10 |
+| 7 | Emergencies | 10 |
+
+## Prerequisites
+
+Complete "Essential Phrases" first to know basic polite particles (ครับ/ค่ะ) and common expressions.
+
+## Practical Tips
+
+- Thais often give directions using landmarks rather than street names
+- "ไกลไหม" (Is it far?) is one of your most useful questions
+- Have your hotel's Thai name ready to show taxi drivers

package/src/syllabi/vowels-tones/lessons/lesson-01.mdx

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+---
+type: lesson
+id: thai-vowels-lesson-01
+title: "บทที่ 1 — สระเสียงสั้น I"
+description: "Short Vowels Part 1: Above and below the consonant"
+order: 1
+parentId: thai-vowels-tones
+difficulty: beginner
+cefrLevel: A1
+categories:
+  - vowels
+  - short-vowels
+  - basic-vowels
+metadata:
+  estimatedTime: 30
+  prerequisites:
+    - thai-alphabet
+  objectives:
+    - "Recognize vowels written above consonants"
+    - "Recognize vowels written below consonants"
+    - "Understand the short vowel duration concept"
+    - "Practice combining vowels with familiar consonants"
+---
+
+# บทที่ 1 (Lesson 1) — Short Vowels I
+
+## Introduction
+
+Welcome to Thai vowels! Unlike English where vowels are standalone letters (a, e, i, o, u), Thai vowels are **diacritical marks** that attach to consonants in various positions. In this first lesson, you'll learn vowels that appear **above** and **below** the consonant.
+
+## Why Position Matters
+
+Thai vowels can appear in four locations relative to a consonant:
+- **Above** (◌ิ ◌ี) — like hats on the consonant
+- **Below** (◌ุ ◌ู) — like shoes under the consonant
+- **Before** (เ◌ แ◌) — written first, pronounced after
+- **After** (◌า) — written and pronounced after
+
+Today we focus on **above** and **below** positions.
+
+## Characters
+
+:::character-set{id="thai-short-vowels-above" title="Short Vowels Above Consonant"}
+
+::character{id="th-vowel-i" char="ิ" name="สระอิ (sara i)" nativeName="สระอิ" transliteration="i" charType="vowel"}
+
+::character{id="th-vowel-ue" char="ึ" name="สระอึ (sara ue)" nativeName="สระอึ" transliteration="ue" charType="vowel"}
+
+:::
+
+:::character-set{id="thai-short-vowels-below" title="Short Vowels Below Consonant"}
+
+::character{id="th-vowel-u" char="ุ" name="สระอุ (sara u)" nativeName="สระอุ" transliteration="u" charType="vowel"}
+
+:::
+
+## How They Combine
+
+When you add these vowels to a consonant, watch the position:
+
+| Consonant + Vowel | Result | Pronunciation |
+|-------------------|--------|---------------|
+| ก + ิ | กิ | gi |
+| ม + ิ | มิ | mi |
+| ก + ึ | กึ | gue |
+| ก + ุ | กุ | gu |
+| ม + ุ | มุ | mu |
+
+## Short vs Long: A Preview
+
+These are **short** vowels — they have a clipped, brief sound:
+- **ิ (i)** is short — like the "i" in English "bit"
+- **ี (ii)** is long — like the "ee" in English "bee"
+
+You'll learn the long versions in Lesson 3. For now, focus on the brief, snappy quality of short vowels.
+
+## The "ue" Sound
+
+The vowel **ึ** (sara ue) has no direct English equivalent. It's like:
+- Saying "ee" but with unrounded lips
+- Similar to the German "ü" but shorter
+- Position your tongue for "ee" but spread your lips
+
+## Key Points
+
+1. **Position above**: ิ and ึ sit above the consonant like small marks
+2. **Position below**: ุ sits below the consonant
+3. **Short duration**: These vowels are brief — don't drag them out
+4. **No standalone form**: These vowels must attach to a consonant
+
+## Practice Recognition
+
+With consonants you know, try reading these syllables:
+- กิ (gi) — like "gee" but shorter
+- มิ (mi) — like "me" but shorter
+- กุ (gu) — like "goo" but shorter
+- มุ (mu) — like "moo" but shorter
+
+## What's Next
+
+In Lesson 2, you'll learn more short vowels, including those that appear **before** and **around** consonants — Thai's unique feature where you write one thing but pronounce another!

package/src/syllabi/vowels-tones/lessons/lesson-02.mdx

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+---
+type: lesson
+id: thai-vowels-lesson-02
+title: "บทที่ 2 — สระเสียงสั้น II"
+description: "Short Vowels Part 2: Before, after, and around consonants"
+order: 2
+parentId: thai-vowels-tones
+difficulty: beginner
+cefrLevel: A1
+categories:
+  - vowels
+  - short-vowels
+  - basic-vowels
+metadata:
+  estimatedTime: 35
+  prerequisites:
+    - thai-vowels-lesson-01
+  objectives:
+    - "Recognize vowels written before consonants"
+    - "Recognize vowels written after consonants"
+    - "Understand 'write left, read right' principle"
+    - "Master the short 'a' vowel forms"
+---
+
+# บทที่ 2 (Lesson 2) — Short Vowels II
+
+## Introduction
+
+In this lesson, you'll encounter Thai's most unique vowel feature: vowels that appear **before** the consonant in writing but are pronounced **after** it. This "write left, read right" pattern is essential for reading Thai fluently.
+
+## The Glottal Stop Vowel: ะ
+
+The vowel **ะ** (sara a) is special — it creates a short "a" sound followed by a **glottal stop** (a brief catch in the throat, like the pause in "uh-oh").
+
+:::character-set{id="thai-short-vowel-a" title="Short 'a' Vowel"}
+
+::character{id="th-vowel-a" char="ะ" name="สระอะ (sara a)" nativeName="สระอะ" transliteration="a" charType="vowel"}
+
+:::
+
+## Leading Vowels: Write First, Pronounce After
+
+These vowels are written **before** the consonant but pronounced **after** it:
+
+:::character-set{id="thai-leading-short-vowels" title="Leading Short Vowels"}
+
+::character{id="th-vowel-e" char="เ-ะ" name="สระเอะ (sara e)" nativeName="สระเอะ" transliteration="e" charType="vowel"}
+
+::character{id="th-vowel-ae" char="แ-ะ" name="สระแอะ (sara ae)" nativeName="สระแอะ" transliteration="ae" charType="vowel"}
+
+::character{id="th-vowel-o" char="โ-ะ" name="สระโอะ (sara o)" nativeName="สระโอะ" transliteration="o" charType="vowel"}
+
+::character{id="th-vowel-oe" char="เ-อะ" name="สระเออะ (sara oe)" nativeName="สระเออะ" transliteration="oe" charType="vowel"}
+
+:::
+
+## The Wrap-Around Vowel: เ-า
+
+This vowel "wraps around" the consonant:
+
+:::character-set{id="thai-wraparound-vowel" title="Wrap-Around Vowel"}
+
+::character{id="th-vowel-ao" char="เ-า" name="สระเอา (sara ao)" nativeName="สระเอา" transliteration="ao" charType="vowel"}
+
+:::
+
+## Understanding "Write Left, Read Right"
+
+In Thai, when you see: **เ** + ก → **เก**
+
+You **write** เ first (to the left), but you **read** it as "gee" — the consonant ก comes first in pronunciation.
+
+| Written Form | How to Read | Pronunciation |
+|--------------|-------------|---------------|
+| เกะ | ก + เ-ะ | ge (short) |
+| แกะ | ก + แ-ะ | gae (short) |
+| โกะ | ก + โ-ะ | go (short) |
+| เกา | ก + เ-า | gao |
+
+## Short Vowel Pairs
+
+Each short vowel has a long counterpart:
+
+| Short | Long | Sound Comparison |
+|-------|------|------------------|
+| ะ (a) | า (aa) | "cut" vs "car" |
+| เ-ะ (e) | เ (ee) | "pet" vs "pay" |
+| แ-ะ (ae) | แ (aae) | "bat" vs "bad" (longer) |
+| โ-ะ (o) | โ (oo) | "pot" vs "boat" |
+
+## Key Points
+
+1. **Write left, read right**: Leading vowels are written first but pronounced after the consonant
+2. **ะ marks shortness**: When you see ะ at the end, the vowel is short
+3. **Glottal stop**: Short vowels often end with a brief throat catch
+4. **Two-part vowels**: Some vowels wrap around the consonant (เ-า)
+
+## Common Words Practice
+
+Try reading these common words:
+- เตะ (dte) — to kick
+- แมะ (mae) — informal "mom" (some dialects)
+- เกา (gao) — to scratch
+
+## Practice Exercises
+
+:::exercise{id="short-vowels-2-direction" type="multiple-choice" title="Write Left, Read Right"}
+
+**Question:** When you see เก (written as เ + ก), how do you read it?
+
+**Options:**
+- Read เ first, then ก (like "ay-gor")
+- Read ก first, then เ (like "gor-ay")
+- Read them simultaneously
+- It depends on the word
+
+**Answer:** 2
+
+**Explanation:** Leading vowels follow the "write left, read right" principle. เ is written first (to the left), but you read ก first, then the vowel sound. เก is pronounced "gee" (ก + เ).
+
+:::
+
+:::exercise{id="short-vowels-2-recognition" type="matching" title="Short Vowel Recognition"}
+
+**Question:** Match each written form to its pronunciation
+
+- เกะ (ก + เ-ะ)
+- แกะ (ก + แ-ะ)
+- โกะ (ก + โ-ะ)
+- เกา (ก + เ-า)
+
+**Answer:**
+
+- เกะ → ge (short e)
+- แกะ → gae (short ae)
+- โกะ → go (short o)
+- เกา → gao (ao sound)
+
+**Explanation:** Short vowels are marked with ะ at the end. The wrap-around vowel เ-า creates the "ao" sound. Remember to read the consonant first, then the vowel.
+
+:::
+
+:::exercise{id="short-vowels-2-pairs" type="fill-in-blank" title="Short vs Long Pairs"}
+
+**Question:** What makes a vowel short vs long in these pairs?
+
+- ะ vs า
+- เ-ะ vs เ
+- แ-ะ vs แ
+
+**Answer:**
+
+- ะ is short, า is long (the ะ marks shortness)
+- เ-ะ is short, เ is long (absence of ะ = long)
+- แ-ะ is short, แ is long (same pattern)
+
+**Explanation:** The ะ mark indicates a short vowel. When ะ is absent, the vowel is long. This is a consistent pattern across Thai vowels.
+
+:::
+
+## What's Next
+
+In Lesson 3, you'll learn the **long vowels** — extended sounds that are crucial for proper pronunciation and affect how tones work.

package/src/syllabi/vowels-tones/lessons/lesson-03.mdx

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+---
+type: lesson
+id: thai-vowels-lesson-03
+title: "บทที่ 3 — สระเสียงยาว I"
+description: "Long Vowels Part 1: Above, below, and after consonants"
+order: 3
+parentId: thai-vowels-tones
+difficulty: beginner
+cefrLevel: A1
+categories:
+  - vowels
+  - long-vowels
+metadata:
+  estimatedTime: 30
+  prerequisites:
+    - thai-vowels-lesson-02
+  objectives:
+    - "Recognize long vowels written above consonants"
+    - "Recognize long vowels written below consonants"
+    - "Master the long 'aa' vowel"
+    - "Distinguish long from short vowels by sound"
+---
+
+# บทที่ 3 (Lesson 3) — Long Vowels I
+
+## Introduction
+
+Long vowels are essential to Thai — they're held for about twice the duration of short vowels and often carry the main stress of a word. In this lesson, you'll learn long vowels that appear above, below, and after consonants.
+
+## Why Length Matters
+
+In Thai, vowel length can completely change meaning:
+
+| Short | Meaning | Long | Meaning |
+|-------|---------|------|---------|
+| กิ (gi) | — | กี (gii) | — |
+| จุด (jùt) | point/dot | จูด (jùut) | — |
+
+Beyond meaning, **vowel length affects tone rules** — you'll see this in Lessons 7-8.
+
+## Characters
+
+:::character-set{id="thai-long-vowels-above" title="Long Vowels Above Consonant"}
+
+::character{id="th-vowel-ii" char="ี" name="สระอี (sara ii)" nativeName="สระอี" transliteration="ii" charType="vowel"}
+
+::character{id="th-vowel-uee" char="ื" name="สระอือ (sara uee)" nativeName="สระอือ" transliteration="uee" charType="vowel"}
+
+:::
+
+:::character-set{id="thai-long-vowels-below" title="Long Vowels Below Consonant"}
+
+::character{id="th-vowel-uu" char="ู" name="สระอู (sara uu)" nativeName="สระอู" transliteration="uu" charType="vowel"}
+
+:::
+
+:::character-set{id="thai-long-vowels-after" title="Long Vowels After Consonant"}
+
+::character{id="th-vowel-aa" char="า" name="สระอา (sara aa)" nativeName="สระอา" transliteration="aa" charType="vowel"}
+
+::character{id="th-vowel-aw" char="อ" name="สระออ (sara ɔɔ)" nativeName="สระออ" transliteration="ɔɔ" charType="vowel"}
+
+:::
+
+## Short vs Long Comparison
+
+| Short | Long | Sound Quality |
+|-------|------|---------------|
+| ิ (i) | ี (ii) | "bit" vs "beat" |
+| ึ (ue) | ื (uee) | Brief vs sustained |
+| ุ (u) | ู (uu) | "put" vs "food" |
+| ะ (a) | า (aa) | "cut" vs "car" |
+
+## The "อ" Vowel: Dual Function
+
+The letter **อ** serves two roles:
+1. As a **consonant** (silent carrier for leading vowels)
+2. As a **vowel** representing the "ɔɔ" sound (like "aw" in "law")
+
+When following another consonant, it's a vowel:
+- กอ (gɔɔ) — the sound "gor"
+- บอ (bɔɔ) — the sound "bor"
+
+## How to Pronounce Long Vowels
+
+The key is **duration** — hold the sound longer:
+
+- **ี (ii)**: Like "ee" in "see" — stretch it out
+- **ู (uu)**: Like "oo" in "food" — round your lips and hold
+- **า (aa)**: Like "a" in "father" — open and long
+- **อ (ɔɔ)**: Like "aw" in "saw" — round lips, open sound
+
+## Combining with Consonants
+
+| Consonant + Vowel | Result | Pronunciation |
+|-------------------|--------|---------------|
+| ก + ี | กี | gii |
+| ม + า | มา | maa |
+| ก + ู | กู | guu |
+| ม + อ | มอ | mɔɔ |
+
+## Key Points
+
+1. **Double the duration**: Long vowels are approximately twice as long as short vowels
+2. **Same position, different length**: ิ/ี and ุ/ู look similar but differ in duration
+3. **า is everywhere**: The most common vowel in Thai
+4. **อ has dual function**: Consonant or vowel depending on position
+
+## Common Words
+
+- มา (maa) — to come
+- กู (guu) — informal "I/me" (very casual)
+- ดี (dii) — good
+- หู (hǔu) — ear
+
+## Practice Exercises
+
+:::exercise{id="long-vowels-1-duration" type="fill-in-blank" title="Vowel Duration"}
+
+**Question:** How long should you hold long vowels compared to short vowels?
+
+**Answer:**
+
+Long vowels should be held approximately twice as long as short vowels. The duration is the key difference, not just the sound quality.
+
+**Explanation:** Vowel length is phonemic in Thai — it can change meaning. Long vowels are sustained for about double the duration of short vowels. Practice by saying short "i" (ิ) then long "ii" (ี) and notice how much longer you hold the long version.
+
+:::
+
+:::exercise{id="long-vowels-1-position" type="matching" title="Vowel Position Recognition"}
+
+**Question:** Match each long vowel to its position relative to the consonant
+
+- ี (ii)
+- ู (uu)
+- า (aa)
+- อ (ɔɔ)
+
+**Answer:**
+
+- ี → Above the consonant
+- ู → Below the consonant
+- า → After the consonant
+- อ → After the consonant (when used as vowel)
+
+**Explanation:** Thai vowels can appear in four positions: above (◌ิ, ◌ี), below (◌ุ, ◌ู), before (เ, แ, โ), and after (า, อ). Knowing the position helps you read correctly.
+
+:::
+
+:::exercise{id="long-vowels-1-dual-function" type="multiple-choice" title="The อ Dual Function"}
+
+**Question:** When is อ used as a vowel vs a consonant?
+
+**Options:**
+- Always a vowel
+- Always a consonant
+- Vowel when following another consonant, consonant when starting a syllable
+- Depends on the word
+
+**Answer:** 3
+
+**Explanation:** อ serves dual functions. When it follows another consonant (like in กอ "gɔɔ"), it's a vowel representing /ɔɔ/. When it starts a syllable alone (like in อา "aa"), it's a silent consonant carrier for the vowel.
+
+:::
+
+## What's Next
+
+In Lesson 4, you'll learn the remaining long vowels, including the "leading" vowels that appear before consonants.