therubyracer 0.8.1.pre2 → 0.8.1

data/ext/v8/upstream/3.1.8/src/heap.h

@@ -0,0 +1,2218 @@
+// Copyright 2010 the V8 project authors. All rights reserved.
+// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+// met:
+//
+//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+//       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+//       copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following
+//       disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided
+//       with the distribution.
+//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+//       contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
+//       from this software without specific prior written permission.
+//
+// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+#ifndef V8_HEAP_H_
+#define V8_HEAP_H_
+
+#include <math.h>
+
+#include "globals.h"
+#include "list.h"
+#include "spaces.h"
+#include "splay-tree-inl.h"
+#include "v8-counters.h"
+
+namespace v8 {
+namespace internal {
+
+
+// Defines all the roots in Heap.
+#define UNCONDITIONAL_STRONG_ROOT_LIST(V)                                      \
+  /* Put the byte array map early.  We need it to be in place by the time   */ \
+  /* the deserializer hits the next page, since it wants to put a byte      */ \
+  /* array in the unused space at the end of the page.                      */ \
+  V(Map, byte_array_map, ByteArrayMap)                                         \
+  V(Map, one_pointer_filler_map, OnePointerFillerMap)                          \
+  V(Map, two_pointer_filler_map, TwoPointerFillerMap)                          \
+  /* Cluster the most popular ones in a few cache lines here at the top.    */ \
+  V(Smi, stack_limit, StackLimit)                                              \
+  V(Object, undefined_value, UndefinedValue)                                   \
+  V(Object, the_hole_value, TheHoleValue)                                      \
+  V(Object, null_value, NullValue)                                             \
+  V(Object, true_value, TrueValue)                                             \
+  V(Object, false_value, FalseValue)                                           \
+  V(Object, arguments_marker, ArgumentsMarker)                                 \
+  V(Map, heap_number_map, HeapNumberMap)                                       \
+  V(Map, global_context_map, GlobalContextMap)                                 \
+  V(Map, fixed_array_map, FixedArrayMap)                                       \
+  V(Map, fixed_cow_array_map, FixedCOWArrayMap)                                \
+  V(Object, no_interceptor_result_sentinel, NoInterceptorResultSentinel)       \
+  V(Map, meta_map, MetaMap)                                                    \
+  V(Object, termination_exception, TerminationException)                       \
+  V(Map, hash_table_map, HashTableMap)                                         \
+  V(FixedArray, empty_fixed_array, EmptyFixedArray)                            \
+  V(ByteArray, empty_byte_array, EmptyByteArray)                               \
+  V(Map, string_map, StringMap)                                                \
+  V(Map, ascii_string_map, AsciiStringMap)                                     \
+  V(Map, symbol_map, SymbolMap)                                                \
+  V(Map, ascii_symbol_map, AsciiSymbolMap)                                     \
+  V(Map, cons_symbol_map, ConsSymbolMap)                                       \
+  V(Map, cons_ascii_symbol_map, ConsAsciiSymbolMap)                            \
+  V(Map, external_symbol_map, ExternalSymbolMap)                               \
+  V(Map, external_symbol_with_ascii_data_map, ExternalSymbolWithAsciiDataMap)  \
+  V(Map, external_ascii_symbol_map, ExternalAsciiSymbolMap)                    \
+  V(Map, cons_string_map, ConsStringMap)                                       \
+  V(Map, cons_ascii_string_map, ConsAsciiStringMap)                            \
+  V(Map, external_string_map, ExternalStringMap)                               \
+  V(Map, external_string_with_ascii_data_map, ExternalStringWithAsciiDataMap)  \
+  V(Map, external_ascii_string_map, ExternalAsciiStringMap)                    \
+  V(Map, undetectable_string_map, UndetectableStringMap)                       \
+  V(Map, undetectable_ascii_string_map, UndetectableAsciiStringMap)            \
+  V(Map, pixel_array_map, PixelArrayMap)                                       \
+  V(Map, external_byte_array_map, ExternalByteArrayMap)                        \
+  V(Map, external_unsigned_byte_array_map, ExternalUnsignedByteArrayMap)       \
+  V(Map, external_short_array_map, ExternalShortArrayMap)                      \
+  V(Map, external_unsigned_short_array_map, ExternalUnsignedShortArrayMap)     \
+  V(Map, external_int_array_map, ExternalIntArrayMap)                          \
+  V(Map, external_unsigned_int_array_map, ExternalUnsignedIntArrayMap)         \
+  V(Map, external_float_array_map, ExternalFloatArrayMap)                      \
+  V(Map, context_map, ContextMap)                                              \
+  V(Map, catch_context_map, CatchContextMap)                                   \
+  V(Map, code_map, CodeMap)                                                    \
+  V(Map, oddball_map, OddballMap)                                              \
+  V(Map, global_property_cell_map, GlobalPropertyCellMap)                      \
+  V(Map, shared_function_info_map, SharedFunctionInfoMap)                      \
+  V(Map, message_object_map, JSMessageObjectMap)                               \
+  V(Map, proxy_map, ProxyMap)                                                  \
+  V(Object, nan_value, NanValue)                                               \
+  V(Object, minus_zero_value, MinusZeroValue)                                  \
+  V(Object, instanceof_cache_function, InstanceofCacheFunction)                \
+  V(Object, instanceof_cache_map, InstanceofCacheMap)                          \
+  V(Object, instanceof_cache_answer, InstanceofCacheAnswer)                    \
+  V(String, empty_string, EmptyString)                                         \
+  V(DescriptorArray, empty_descriptor_array, EmptyDescriptorArray)             \
+  V(Map, neander_map, NeanderMap)                                              \
+  V(JSObject, message_listeners, MessageListeners)                             \
+  V(Proxy, prototype_accessors, PrototypeAccessors)                            \
+  V(NumberDictionary, code_stubs, CodeStubs)                                   \
+  V(NumberDictionary, non_monomorphic_cache, NonMonomorphicCache)              \
+  V(Code, js_entry_code, JsEntryCode)                                          \
+  V(Code, js_construct_entry_code, JsConstructEntryCode)                       \
+  V(Code, c_entry_code, CEntryCode)                                            \
+  V(FixedArray, number_string_cache, NumberStringCache)                        \
+  V(FixedArray, single_character_string_cache, SingleCharacterStringCache)     \
+  V(FixedArray, natives_source_cache, NativesSourceCache)                      \
+  V(Object, last_script_id, LastScriptId)                                      \
+  V(Script, empty_script, EmptyScript)                                         \
+  V(Smi, real_stack_limit, RealStackLimit)                                     \
+  V(StringDictionary, intrinsic_function_names, IntrinsicFunctionNames)        \
+
+#if V8_TARGET_ARCH_ARM && !V8_INTERPRETED_REGEXP
+#define STRONG_ROOT_LIST(V)                                                    \
+  UNCONDITIONAL_STRONG_ROOT_LIST(V)                                            \
+  V(Code, re_c_entry_code, RegExpCEntryCode)                                   \
+  V(Code, direct_c_entry_code, DirectCEntryCode)
+#elif V8_TARGET_ARCH_ARM
+#define STRONG_ROOT_LIST(V)                                                    \
+  UNCONDITIONAL_STRONG_ROOT_LIST(V)                                            \
+  V(Code, direct_c_entry_code, DirectCEntryCode)
+#else
+#define STRONG_ROOT_LIST(V) UNCONDITIONAL_STRONG_ROOT_LIST(V)
+#endif
+
+#define ROOT_LIST(V)                                  \
+  STRONG_ROOT_LIST(V)                                 \
+  V(SymbolTable, symbol_table, SymbolTable)
+
+#define SYMBOL_LIST(V)                                                   \
+  V(Array_symbol, "Array")                                               \
+  V(Object_symbol, "Object")                                             \
+  V(Proto_symbol, "__proto__")                                           \
+  V(StringImpl_symbol, "StringImpl")                                     \
+  V(arguments_symbol, "arguments")                                       \
+  V(Arguments_symbol, "Arguments")                                       \
+  V(arguments_shadow_symbol, ".arguments")                               \
+  V(call_symbol, "call")                                                 \
+  V(apply_symbol, "apply")                                               \
+  V(caller_symbol, "caller")                                             \
+  V(boolean_symbol, "boolean")                                           \
+  V(Boolean_symbol, "Boolean")                                           \
+  V(callee_symbol, "callee")                                             \
+  V(constructor_symbol, "constructor")                                   \
+  V(code_symbol, ".code")                                                \
+  V(result_symbol, ".result")                                            \
+  V(catch_var_symbol, ".catch-var")                                      \
+  V(empty_symbol, "")                                                    \
+  V(eval_symbol, "eval")                                                 \
+  V(function_symbol, "function")                                         \
+  V(length_symbol, "length")                                             \
+  V(name_symbol, "name")                                                 \
+  V(number_symbol, "number")                                             \
+  V(Number_symbol, "Number")                                             \
+  V(RegExp_symbol, "RegExp")                                             \
+  V(source_symbol, "source")                                             \
+  V(global_symbol, "global")                                             \
+  V(ignore_case_symbol, "ignoreCase")                                    \
+  V(multiline_symbol, "multiline")                                       \
+  V(input_symbol, "input")                                               \
+  V(index_symbol, "index")                                               \
+  V(last_index_symbol, "lastIndex")                                      \
+  V(object_symbol, "object")                                             \
+  V(prototype_symbol, "prototype")                                       \
+  V(string_symbol, "string")                                             \
+  V(String_symbol, "String")                                             \
+  V(Date_symbol, "Date")                                                 \
+  V(this_symbol, "this")                                                 \
+  V(to_string_symbol, "toString")                                        \
+  V(char_at_symbol, "CharAt")                                            \
+  V(undefined_symbol, "undefined")                                       \
+  V(value_of_symbol, "valueOf")                                          \
+  V(InitializeVarGlobal_symbol, "InitializeVarGlobal")                   \
+  V(InitializeConstGlobal_symbol, "InitializeConstGlobal")               \
+  V(KeyedLoadSpecialized_symbol, "KeyedLoadSpecialized")                 \
+  V(KeyedStoreSpecialized_symbol, "KeyedStoreSpecialized")               \
+  V(KeyedLoadPixelArray_symbol, "KeyedLoadPixelArray")                   \
+  V(KeyedStorePixelArray_symbol, "KeyedStorePixelArray")                 \
+  V(stack_overflow_symbol, "kStackOverflowBoilerplate")                  \
+  V(illegal_access_symbol, "illegal access")                             \
+  V(out_of_memory_symbol, "out-of-memory")                               \
+  V(illegal_execution_state_symbol, "illegal execution state")           \
+  V(get_symbol, "get")                                                   \
+  V(set_symbol, "set")                                                   \
+  V(function_class_symbol, "Function")                                   \
+  V(illegal_argument_symbol, "illegal argument")                         \
+  V(MakeReferenceError_symbol, "MakeReferenceError")                     \
+  V(MakeSyntaxError_symbol, "MakeSyntaxError")                           \
+  V(MakeTypeError_symbol, "MakeTypeError")                               \
+  V(invalid_lhs_in_assignment_symbol, "invalid_lhs_in_assignment")       \
+  V(invalid_lhs_in_for_in_symbol, "invalid_lhs_in_for_in")               \
+  V(invalid_lhs_in_postfix_op_symbol, "invalid_lhs_in_postfix_op")       \
+  V(invalid_lhs_in_prefix_op_symbol, "invalid_lhs_in_prefix_op")         \
+  V(illegal_return_symbol, "illegal_return")                             \
+  V(illegal_break_symbol, "illegal_break")                               \
+  V(illegal_continue_symbol, "illegal_continue")                         \
+  V(unknown_label_symbol, "unknown_label")                               \
+  V(redeclaration_symbol, "redeclaration")                               \
+  V(failure_symbol, "<failure>")                                         \
+  V(space_symbol, " ")                                                   \
+  V(exec_symbol, "exec")                                                 \
+  V(zero_symbol, "0")                                                    \
+  V(global_eval_symbol, "GlobalEval")                                    \
+  V(identity_hash_symbol, "v8::IdentityHash")                            \
+  V(closure_symbol, "(closure)")                                         \
+  V(use_strict, "use strict")                                            \
+  V(KeyedLoadExternalArray_symbol, "KeyedLoadExternalArray")             \
+  V(KeyedStoreExternalArray_symbol, "KeyedStoreExternalArray")
+
+
+// Forward declarations.
+class GCTracer;
+class HeapStats;
+class WeakObjectRetainer;
+
+
+typedef String* (*ExternalStringTableUpdaterCallback)(Object** pointer);
+
+typedef bool (*DirtyRegionCallback)(Address start,
+                                    Address end,
+                                    ObjectSlotCallback copy_object_func);
+
+
+// The all static Heap captures the interface to the global object heap.
+// All JavaScript contexts by this process share the same object heap.
+
+class Heap : public AllStatic {
+ public:
+  // Configure heap size before setup. Return false if the heap has been
+  // setup already.
+  static bool ConfigureHeap(int max_semispace_size,
+                            int max_old_gen_size,
+                            int max_executable_size);
+  static bool ConfigureHeapDefault();
+
+  // Initializes the global object heap. If create_heap_objects is true,
+  // also creates the basic non-mutable objects.
+  // Returns whether it succeeded.
+  static bool Setup(bool create_heap_objects);
+
+  // Destroys all memory allocated by the heap.
+  static void TearDown();
+
+  // Set the stack limit in the roots_ array.  Some architectures generate
+  // code that looks here, because it is faster than loading from the static
+  // jslimit_/real_jslimit_ variable in the StackGuard.
+  static void SetStackLimits();
+
+  // Returns whether Setup has been called.
+  static bool HasBeenSetup();
+
+  // Returns the maximum amount of memory reserved for the heap.  For
+  // the young generation, we reserve 4 times the amount needed for a
+  // semi space.  The young generation consists of two semi spaces and
+  // we reserve twice the amount needed for those in order to ensure
+  // that new space can be aligned to its size.
+  static intptr_t MaxReserved() {
+    return 4 * reserved_semispace_size_ + max_old_generation_size_;
+  }
+  static int MaxSemiSpaceSize() { return max_semispace_size_; }
+  static int ReservedSemiSpaceSize() { return reserved_semispace_size_; }
+  static int InitialSemiSpaceSize() { return initial_semispace_size_; }
+  static intptr_t MaxOldGenerationSize() { return max_old_generation_size_; }
+  static intptr_t MaxExecutableSize() { return max_executable_size_; }
+
+  // Returns the capacity of the heap in bytes w/o growing. Heap grows when
+  // more spaces are needed until it reaches the limit.
+  static intptr_t Capacity();
+
+  // Returns the amount of memory currently committed for the heap.
+  static intptr_t CommittedMemory();
+
+  // Returns the amount of executable memory currently committed for the heap.
+  static intptr_t CommittedMemoryExecutable();
+
+  // Returns the available bytes in space w/o growing.
+  // Heap doesn't guarantee that it can allocate an object that requires
+  // all available bytes. Check MaxHeapObjectSize() instead.
+  static intptr_t Available();
+
+  // Returns the maximum object size in paged space.
+  static inline int MaxObjectSizeInPagedSpace();
+
+  // Returns of size of all objects residing in the heap.
+  static intptr_t SizeOfObjects();
+
+  // Return the starting address and a mask for the new space.  And-masking an
+  // address with the mask will result in the start address of the new space
+  // for all addresses in either semispace.
+  static Address NewSpaceStart() { return new_space_.start(); }
+  static uintptr_t NewSpaceMask() { return new_space_.mask(); }
+  static Address NewSpaceTop() { return new_space_.top(); }
+
+  static NewSpace* new_space() { return &new_space_; }
+  static OldSpace* old_pointer_space() { return old_pointer_space_; }
+  static OldSpace* old_data_space() { return old_data_space_; }
+  static OldSpace* code_space() { return code_space_; }
+  static MapSpace* map_space() { return map_space_; }
+  static CellSpace* cell_space() { return cell_space_; }
+  static LargeObjectSpace* lo_space() { return lo_space_; }
+
+  static bool always_allocate() { return always_allocate_scope_depth_ != 0; }
+  static Address always_allocate_scope_depth_address() {
+    return reinterpret_cast<Address>(&always_allocate_scope_depth_);
+  }
+  static bool linear_allocation() {
+    return linear_allocation_scope_depth_ != 0;
+  }
+
+  static Address* NewSpaceAllocationTopAddress() {
+    return new_space_.allocation_top_address();
+  }
+  static Address* NewSpaceAllocationLimitAddress() {
+    return new_space_.allocation_limit_address();
+  }
+
+  // Uncommit unused semi space.
+  static bool UncommitFromSpace() { return new_space_.UncommitFromSpace(); }
+
+#ifdef ENABLE_HEAP_PROTECTION
+  // Protect/unprotect the heap by marking all spaces read-only/writable.
+  static void Protect();
+  static void Unprotect();
+#endif
+
+  // Allocates and initializes a new JavaScript object based on a
+  // constructor.
+  // Returns Failure::RetryAfterGC(requested_bytes, space) if the allocation
+  // failed.
+  // Please note this does not perform a garbage collection.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* AllocateJSObject(
+      JSFunction* constructor, PretenureFlag pretenure = NOT_TENURED);
+
+  // Allocates and initializes a new global object based on a constructor.
+  // Returns Failure::RetryAfterGC(requested_bytes, space) if the allocation
+  // failed.
+  // Please note this does not perform a garbage collection.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* AllocateGlobalObject(
+      JSFunction* constructor);
+
+  // Returns a deep copy of the JavaScript object.
+  // Properties and elements are copied too.
+  // Returns failure if allocation failed.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* CopyJSObject(JSObject* source);
+
+  // Allocates the function prototype.
+  // Returns Failure::RetryAfterGC(requested_bytes, space) if the allocation
+  // failed.
+  // Please note this does not perform a garbage collection.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* AllocateFunctionPrototype(
+      JSFunction* function);
+
+  // Reinitialize an JSGlobalProxy based on a constructor.  The object
+  // must have the same size as objects allocated using the
+  // constructor.  The object is reinitialized and behaves as an
+  // object that has been freshly allocated using the constructor.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* ReinitializeJSGlobalProxy(
+      JSFunction* constructor,
+      JSGlobalProxy* global);
+
+  // Allocates and initializes a new JavaScript object based on a map.
+  // Returns Failure::RetryAfterGC(requested_bytes, space) if the allocation
+  // failed.
+  // Please note this does not perform a garbage collection.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* AllocateJSObjectFromMap(
+      Map* map, PretenureFlag pretenure = NOT_TENURED);
+
+  // Allocates a heap object based on the map.
+  // Returns Failure::RetryAfterGC(requested_bytes, space) if the allocation
+  // failed.
+  // Please note this function does not perform a garbage collection.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* Allocate(Map* map, AllocationSpace space);
+
+  // Allocates a JS Map in the heap.
+  // Returns Failure::RetryAfterGC(requested_bytes, space) if the allocation
+  // failed.
+  // Please note this function does not perform a garbage collection.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* AllocateMap(InstanceType instance_type,
+                                             int instance_size);
+
+  // Allocates a partial map for bootstrapping.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* AllocatePartialMap(
+      InstanceType instance_type,
+      int instance_size);
+
+  // Allocate a map for the specified function
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* AllocateInitialMap(JSFunction* fun);
+
+  // Allocates an empty code cache.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* AllocateCodeCache();
+
+  // Clear the Instanceof cache (used when a prototype changes).
+  static void ClearInstanceofCache() {
+    set_instanceof_cache_function(the_hole_value());
+  }
+
+  // Allocates and fully initializes a String.  There are two String
+  // encodings: ASCII and two byte. One should choose between the three string
+  // allocation functions based on the encoding of the string buffer used to
+  // initialized the string.
+  //   - ...FromAscii initializes the string from a buffer that is ASCII
+  //     encoded (it does not check that the buffer is ASCII encoded) and the
+  //     result will be ASCII encoded.
+  //   - ...FromUTF8 initializes the string from a buffer that is UTF-8
+  //     encoded.  If the characters are all single-byte characters, the
+  //     result will be ASCII encoded, otherwise it will converted to two
+  //     byte.
+  //   - ...FromTwoByte initializes the string from a buffer that is two-byte
+  //     encoded.  If the characters are all single-byte characters, the
+  //     result will be converted to ASCII, otherwise it will be left as
+  //     two-byte.
+  // Returns Failure::RetryAfterGC(requested_bytes, space) if the allocation
+  // failed.
+  // Please note this does not perform a garbage collection.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* AllocateStringFromAscii(
+      Vector<const char> str,
+      PretenureFlag pretenure = NOT_TENURED);
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static inline MaybeObject* AllocateStringFromUtf8(
+      Vector<const char> str,
+      PretenureFlag pretenure = NOT_TENURED);
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* AllocateStringFromUtf8Slow(
+      Vector<const char> str,
+      PretenureFlag pretenure = NOT_TENURED);
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* AllocateStringFromTwoByte(
+      Vector<const uc16> str,
+      PretenureFlag pretenure = NOT_TENURED);
+
+  // Allocates a symbol in old space based on the character stream.
+  // Returns Failure::RetryAfterGC(requested_bytes, space) if the allocation
+  // failed.
+  // Please note this function does not perform a garbage collection.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static inline MaybeObject* AllocateSymbol(
+      Vector<const char> str,
+      int chars,
+      uint32_t hash_field);
+
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static inline MaybeObject* AllocateAsciiSymbol(
+        Vector<const char> str,
+        uint32_t hash_field);
+
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static inline MaybeObject* AllocateTwoByteSymbol(
+        Vector<const uc16> str,
+        uint32_t hash_field);
+
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* AllocateInternalSymbol(
+      unibrow::CharacterStream* buffer, int chars, uint32_t hash_field);
+
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* AllocateExternalSymbol(
+      Vector<const char> str,
+      int chars);
+
+
+  // Allocates and partially initializes a String.  There are two String
+  // encodings: ASCII and two byte.  These functions allocate a string of the
+  // given length and set its map and length fields.  The characters of the
+  // string are uninitialized.
+  // Returns Failure::RetryAfterGC(requested_bytes, space) if the allocation
+  // failed.
+  // Please note this does not perform a garbage collection.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* AllocateRawAsciiString(
+      int length,
+      PretenureFlag pretenure = NOT_TENURED);
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* AllocateRawTwoByteString(
+      int length,
+      PretenureFlag pretenure = NOT_TENURED);
+
+  // Computes a single character string where the character has code.
+  // A cache is used for ascii codes.
+  // Returns Failure::RetryAfterGC(requested_bytes, space) if the allocation
+  // failed. Please note this does not perform a garbage collection.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* LookupSingleCharacterStringFromCode(
+      uint16_t code);
+
+  // Allocate a byte array of the specified length
+  // Returns Failure::RetryAfterGC(requested_bytes, space) if the allocation
+  // failed.
+  // Please note this does not perform a garbage collection.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* AllocateByteArray(int length,
+                                                   PretenureFlag pretenure);
+
+  // Allocate a non-tenured byte array of the specified length
+  // Returns Failure::RetryAfterGC(requested_bytes, space) if the allocation
+  // failed.
+  // Please note this does not perform a garbage collection.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* AllocateByteArray(int length);
+
+  // Allocate a pixel array of the specified length
+  // Returns Failure::RetryAfterGC(requested_bytes, space) if the allocation
+  // failed.
+  // Please note this does not perform a garbage collection.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* AllocatePixelArray(int length,
+                                                    uint8_t* external_pointer,
+                                                    PretenureFlag pretenure);
+
+  // Allocates an external array of the specified length and type.
+  // Returns Failure::RetryAfterGC(requested_bytes, space) if the allocation
+  // failed.
+  // Please note this does not perform a garbage collection.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* AllocateExternalArray(
+      int length,
+      ExternalArrayType array_type,
+      void* external_pointer,
+      PretenureFlag pretenure);
+
+  // Allocate a tenured JS global property cell.
+  // Returns Failure::RetryAfterGC(requested_bytes, space) if the allocation
+  // failed.
+  // Please note this does not perform a garbage collection.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* AllocateJSGlobalPropertyCell(
+      Object* value);
+
+  // Allocates a fixed array initialized with undefined values
+  // Returns Failure::RetryAfterGC(requested_bytes, space) if the allocation
+  // failed.
+  // Please note this does not perform a garbage collection.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* AllocateFixedArray(
+      int length,
+      PretenureFlag pretenure);
+  // Allocates a fixed array initialized with undefined values
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* AllocateFixedArray(int length);
+
+  // Allocates an uninitialized fixed array. It must be filled by the caller.
+  //
+  // Returns Failure::RetryAfterGC(requested_bytes, space) if the allocation
+  // failed.
+  // Please note this does not perform a garbage collection.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* AllocateUninitializedFixedArray(
+      int length);
+
+  // Make a copy of src and return it. Returns
+  // Failure::RetryAfterGC(requested_bytes, space) if the allocation failed.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static inline MaybeObject* CopyFixedArray(FixedArray* src);
+
+  // Make a copy of src, set the map, and return the copy. Returns
+  // Failure::RetryAfterGC(requested_bytes, space) if the allocation failed.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* CopyFixedArrayWithMap(FixedArray* src,
+                                                            Map* map);
+
+  // Allocates a fixed array initialized with the hole values.
+  // Returns Failure::RetryAfterGC(requested_bytes, space) if the allocation
+  // failed.
+  // Please note this does not perform a garbage collection.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* AllocateFixedArrayWithHoles(
+      int length,
+      PretenureFlag pretenure = NOT_TENURED);
+
+  // AllocateHashTable is identical to AllocateFixedArray except
+  // that the resulting object has hash_table_map as map.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* AllocateHashTable(
+      int length, PretenureFlag pretenure = NOT_TENURED);
+
+  // Allocate a global (but otherwise uninitialized) context.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* AllocateGlobalContext();
+
+  // Allocate a function context.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* AllocateFunctionContext(
+      int length,
+      JSFunction* closure);
+
+  // Allocate a 'with' context.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* AllocateWithContext(
+      Context* previous,
+      JSObject* extension,
+      bool is_catch_context);
+
+  // Allocates a new utility object in the old generation.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* AllocateStruct(InstanceType type);
+
+  // Allocates a function initialized with a shared part.
+  // Returns Failure::RetryAfterGC(requested_bytes, space) if the allocation
+  // failed.
+  // Please note this does not perform a garbage collection.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* AllocateFunction(
+      Map* function_map,
+      SharedFunctionInfo* shared,
+      Object* prototype,
+      PretenureFlag pretenure = TENURED);
+
+  // Indicies for direct access into argument objects.
+  static const int kArgumentsObjectSize =
+      JSObject::kHeaderSize + 2 * kPointerSize;
+  static const int arguments_callee_index = 0;
+  static const int arguments_length_index = 1;
+
+  // Allocates an arguments object - optionally with an elements array.
+  // Returns Failure::RetryAfterGC(requested_bytes, space) if the allocation
+  // failed.
+  // Please note this does not perform a garbage collection.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* AllocateArgumentsObject(Object* callee,
+                                                              int length);
+
+  // Same as NewNumberFromDouble, but may return a preallocated/immutable
+  // number object (e.g., minus_zero_value_, nan_value_)
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* NumberFromDouble(
+      double value, PretenureFlag pretenure = NOT_TENURED);
+
+  // Allocated a HeapNumber from value.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* AllocateHeapNumber(
+      double value,
+      PretenureFlag pretenure);
+  // pretenure = NOT_TENURED.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* AllocateHeapNumber(double value);
+
+  // Converts an int into either a Smi or a HeapNumber object.
+  // Returns Failure::RetryAfterGC(requested_bytes, space) if the allocation
+  // failed.
+  // Please note this does not perform a garbage collection.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static inline MaybeObject* NumberFromInt32(int32_t value);
+
+  // Converts an int into either a Smi or a HeapNumber object.
+  // Returns Failure::RetryAfterGC(requested_bytes, space) if the allocation
+  // failed.
+  // Please note this does not perform a garbage collection.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static inline MaybeObject* NumberFromUint32(uint32_t value);
+
+  // Allocates a new proxy object.
+  // Returns Failure::RetryAfterGC(requested_bytes, space) if the allocation
+  // failed.
+  // Please note this does not perform a garbage collection.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* AllocateProxy(
+      Address proxy,
+      PretenureFlag pretenure = NOT_TENURED);
+
+  // Allocates a new SharedFunctionInfo object.
+  // Returns Failure::RetryAfterGC(requested_bytes, space) if the allocation
+  // failed.
+  // Please note this does not perform a garbage collection.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* AllocateSharedFunctionInfo(Object* name);
+
+  // Allocates a new JSMessageObject object.
+  // Returns Failure::RetryAfterGC(requested_bytes, space) if the allocation
+  // failed.
+  // Please note that this does not perform a garbage collection.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* AllocateJSMessageObject(
+      String* type,
+      JSArray* arguments,
+      int start_position,
+      int end_position,
+      Object* script,
+      Object* stack_trace,
+      Object* stack_frames);
+
+  // Allocates a new cons string object.
+  // Returns Failure::RetryAfterGC(requested_bytes, space) if the allocation
+  // failed.
+  // Please note this does not perform a garbage collection.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* AllocateConsString(String* first,
+                                                         String* second);
+
+  // Allocates a new sub string object which is a substring of an underlying
+  // string buffer stretching from the index start (inclusive) to the index
+  // end (exclusive).
+  // Returns Failure::RetryAfterGC(requested_bytes, space) if the allocation
+  // failed.
+  // Please note this does not perform a garbage collection.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* AllocateSubString(
+      String* buffer,
+      int start,
+      int end,
+      PretenureFlag pretenure = NOT_TENURED);
+
+  // Allocate a new external string object, which is backed by a string
+  // resource that resides outside the V8 heap.
+  // Returns Failure::RetryAfterGC(requested_bytes, space) if the allocation
+  // failed.
+  // Please note this does not perform a garbage collection.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* AllocateExternalStringFromAscii(
+      ExternalAsciiString::Resource* resource);
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* AllocateExternalStringFromTwoByte(
+      ExternalTwoByteString::Resource* resource);
+
+  // Finalizes an external string by deleting the associated external
+  // data and clearing the resource pointer.
+  static inline void FinalizeExternalString(String* string);
+
+  // Allocates an uninitialized object.  The memory is non-executable if the
+  // hardware and OS allow.
+  // Returns Failure::RetryAfterGC(requested_bytes, space) if the allocation
+  // failed.
+  // Please note this function does not perform a garbage collection.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static inline MaybeObject* AllocateRaw(
+      int size_in_bytes,
+      AllocationSpace space,
+      AllocationSpace retry_space);
+
+  // Initialize a filler object to keep the ability to iterate over the heap
+  // when shortening objects.
+  static void CreateFillerObjectAt(Address addr, int size);
+
+  // Makes a new native code object
+  // Returns Failure::RetryAfterGC(requested_bytes, space) if the allocation
+  // failed. On success, the pointer to the Code object is stored in the
+  // self_reference. This allows generated code to reference its own Code
+  // object by containing this pointer.
+  // Please note this function does not perform a garbage collection.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* CreateCode(const CodeDesc& desc,
+                                                 Code::Flags flags,
+                                                 Handle<Object> self_reference);
+
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* CopyCode(Code* code);
+
+  // Copy the code and scope info part of the code object, but insert
+  // the provided data as the relocation information.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* CopyCode(Code* code,
+                                               Vector<byte> reloc_info);
+
+  // Finds the symbol for string in the symbol table.
+  // If not found, a new symbol is added to the table and returned.
+  // Returns Failure::RetryAfterGC(requested_bytes, space) if allocation
+  // failed.
+  // Please note this function does not perform a garbage collection.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* LookupSymbol(Vector<const char> str);
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* LookupAsciiSymbol(Vector<const char> str);
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* LookupTwoByteSymbol(
+      Vector<const uc16> str);
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* LookupAsciiSymbol(const char* str) {
+    return LookupSymbol(CStrVector(str));
+  }
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* LookupSymbol(String* str);
+  static bool LookupSymbolIfExists(String* str, String** symbol);
+  static bool LookupTwoCharsSymbolIfExists(String* str, String** symbol);
+
+  // Compute the matching symbol map for a string if possible.
+  // NULL is returned if string is in new space or not flattened.
+  static Map* SymbolMapForString(String* str);
+
+  // Tries to flatten a string before compare operation.
+  //
+  // Returns a failure in case it was decided that flattening was
+  // necessary and failed.  Note, if flattening is not necessary the
+  // string might stay non-flat even when not a failure is returned.
+  //
+  // Please note this function does not perform a garbage collection.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static inline MaybeObject* PrepareForCompare(String* str);
+
+  // Converts the given boolean condition to JavaScript boolean value.
+  static Object* ToBoolean(bool condition) {
+    return condition ? true_value() : false_value();
+  }
+
+  // Code that should be run before and after each GC.  Includes some
+  // reporting/verification activities when compiled with DEBUG set.
+  static void GarbageCollectionPrologue();
+  static void GarbageCollectionEpilogue();
+
+  // Performs garbage collection operation.
+  // Returns whether there is a chance that another major GC could
+  // collect more garbage.
+  static bool CollectGarbage(AllocationSpace space, GarbageCollector collector);
+
+  // Performs garbage collection operation.
+  // Returns whether there is a chance that another major GC could
+  // collect more garbage.
+  inline static bool CollectGarbage(AllocationSpace space);
+
+  // Performs a full garbage collection. Force compaction if the
+  // parameter is true.
+  static void CollectAllGarbage(bool force_compaction);
+
+  // Last hope GC, should try to squeeze as much as possible.
+  static void CollectAllAvailableGarbage();
+
+  // Notify the heap that a context has been disposed.
+  static int NotifyContextDisposed() { return ++contexts_disposed_; }
+
+  // Utility to invoke the scavenger. This is needed in test code to
+  // ensure correct callback for weak global handles.
+  static void PerformScavenge();
+
+#ifdef DEBUG
+  // Utility used with flag gc-greedy.
+  static void GarbageCollectionGreedyCheck();
+#endif
+
+  static void AddGCPrologueCallback(
+      GCEpilogueCallback callback, GCType gc_type_filter);
+  static void RemoveGCPrologueCallback(GCEpilogueCallback callback);
+
+  static void AddGCEpilogueCallback(
+      GCEpilogueCallback callback, GCType gc_type_filter);
+  static void RemoveGCEpilogueCallback(GCEpilogueCallback callback);
+
+  static void SetGlobalGCPrologueCallback(GCCallback callback) {
+    ASSERT((callback == NULL) ^ (global_gc_prologue_callback_ == NULL));
+    global_gc_prologue_callback_ = callback;
+  }
+  static void SetGlobalGCEpilogueCallback(GCCallback callback) {
+    ASSERT((callback == NULL) ^ (global_gc_epilogue_callback_ == NULL));
+    global_gc_epilogue_callback_ = callback;
+  }
+
+  // Heap root getters.  We have versions with and without type::cast() here.
+  // You can't use type::cast during GC because the assert fails.
+#define ROOT_ACCESSOR(type, name, camel_name)                                  \
+  static inline type* name() {                                                 \
+    return type::cast(roots_[k##camel_name##RootIndex]);                       \
+  }                                                                            \
+  static inline type* raw_unchecked_##name() {                                 \
+    return reinterpret_cast<type*>(roots_[k##camel_name##RootIndex]);          \
+  }
+  ROOT_LIST(ROOT_ACCESSOR)
+#undef ROOT_ACCESSOR
+
+// Utility type maps
+#define STRUCT_MAP_ACCESSOR(NAME, Name, name)                                  \
+    static inline Map* name##_map() {                                          \
+      return Map::cast(roots_[k##Name##MapRootIndex]);                         \
+    }
+  STRUCT_LIST(STRUCT_MAP_ACCESSOR)
+#undef STRUCT_MAP_ACCESSOR
+
+#define SYMBOL_ACCESSOR(name, str) static inline String* name() {              \
+    return String::cast(roots_[k##name##RootIndex]);                           \
+  }
+  SYMBOL_LIST(SYMBOL_ACCESSOR)
+#undef SYMBOL_ACCESSOR
+
+  // The hidden_symbol is special because it is the empty string, but does
+  // not match the empty string.
+  static String* hidden_symbol() { return hidden_symbol_; }
+
+  static void set_global_contexts_list(Object* object) {
+    global_contexts_list_ = object;
+  }
+  static Object* global_contexts_list() { return global_contexts_list_; }
+
+  // Iterates over all roots in the heap.
+  static void IterateRoots(ObjectVisitor* v, VisitMode mode);
+  // Iterates over all strong roots in the heap.
+  static void IterateStrongRoots(ObjectVisitor* v, VisitMode mode);
+  // Iterates over all the other roots in the heap.
+  static void IterateWeakRoots(ObjectVisitor* v, VisitMode mode);
+
+  enum ExpectedPageWatermarkState {
+    WATERMARK_SHOULD_BE_VALID,
+    WATERMARK_CAN_BE_INVALID
+  };
+
+  // For each dirty region on a page in use from an old space call
+  // visit_dirty_region callback.
+  // If either visit_dirty_region or callback can cause an allocation
+  // in old space and changes in allocation watermark then
+  // can_preallocate_during_iteration should be set to true.
+  // All pages will be marked as having invalid watermark upon
+  // iteration completion.
+  static void IterateDirtyRegions(
+      PagedSpace* space,
+      DirtyRegionCallback visit_dirty_region,
+      ObjectSlotCallback callback,
+      ExpectedPageWatermarkState expected_page_watermark_state);
+
+  // Interpret marks as a bitvector of dirty marks for regions of size
+  // Page::kRegionSize aligned by Page::kRegionAlignmentMask and covering
+  // memory interval from start to top. For each dirty region call a
+  // visit_dirty_region callback. Return updated bitvector of dirty marks.
+  static uint32_t IterateDirtyRegions(uint32_t marks,
+                                      Address start,
+                                      Address end,
+                                      DirtyRegionCallback visit_dirty_region,
+                                      ObjectSlotCallback callback);
+
+  // Iterate pointers to from semispace of new space found in memory interval
+  // from start to end.
+  // Update dirty marks for page containing start address.
+  static void IterateAndMarkPointersToFromSpace(Address start,
+                                                Address end,
+                                                ObjectSlotCallback callback);
+
+  // Iterate pointers to new space found in memory interval from start to end.
+  // Return true if pointers to new space was found.
+  static bool IteratePointersInDirtyRegion(Address start,
+                                           Address end,
+                                           ObjectSlotCallback callback);
+
+
+  // Iterate pointers to new space found in memory interval from start to end.
+  // This interval is considered to belong to the map space.
+  // Return true if pointers to new space was found.
+  static bool IteratePointersInDirtyMapsRegion(Address start,
+                                               Address end,
+                                               ObjectSlotCallback callback);
+
+
+  // Returns whether the object resides in new space.
+  static inline bool InNewSpace(Object* object);
+  static inline bool InFromSpace(Object* object);
+  static inline bool InToSpace(Object* object);
+
+  // Checks whether an address/object in the heap (including auxiliary
+  // area and unused area).
+  static bool Contains(Address addr);
+  static bool Contains(HeapObject* value);
+
+  // Checks whether an address/object in a space.
+  // Currently used by tests, serialization and heap verification only.
+  static bool InSpace(Address addr, AllocationSpace space);
+  static bool InSpace(HeapObject* value, AllocationSpace space);
+
+  // Finds out which space an object should get promoted to based on its type.
+  static inline OldSpace* TargetSpace(HeapObject* object);
+  static inline AllocationSpace TargetSpaceId(InstanceType type);
+
+  // Sets the stub_cache_ (only used when expanding the dictionary).
+  static void public_set_code_stubs(NumberDictionary* value) {
+    roots_[kCodeStubsRootIndex] = value;
+  }
+
+  // Support for computing object sizes for old objects during GCs. Returns
+  // a function that is guaranteed to be safe for computing object sizes in
+  // the current GC phase.
+  static HeapObjectCallback GcSafeSizeOfOldObjectFunction() {
+    return gc_safe_size_of_old_object_;
+  }
+
+  // Sets the non_monomorphic_cache_ (only used when expanding the dictionary).
+  static void public_set_non_monomorphic_cache(NumberDictionary* value) {
+    roots_[kNonMonomorphicCacheRootIndex] = value;
+  }
+
+  static void public_set_empty_script(Script* script) {
+    roots_[kEmptyScriptRootIndex] = script;
+  }
+
+  // Update the next script id.
+  static inline void SetLastScriptId(Object* last_script_id);
+
+  // Generated code can embed this address to get access to the roots.
+  static Object** roots_address() { return roots_; }
+
+  // Get address of global contexts list for serialization support.
+  static Object** global_contexts_list_address() {
+    return &global_contexts_list_;
+  }
+
+#ifdef DEBUG
+  static void Print();
+  static void PrintHandles();
+
+  // Verify the heap is in its normal state before or after a GC.
+  static void Verify();
+
+  // Report heap statistics.
+  static void ReportHeapStatistics(const char* title);
+  static void ReportCodeStatistics(const char* title);
+
+  // Fill in bogus values in from space
+  static void ZapFromSpace();
+#endif
+
+#if defined(ENABLE_LOGGING_AND_PROFILING)
+  // Print short heap statistics.
+  static void PrintShortHeapStatistics();
+#endif
+
+  // Makes a new symbol object
+  // Returns Failure::RetryAfterGC(requested_bytes, space) if the allocation
+  // failed.
+  // Please note this function does not perform a garbage collection.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* CreateSymbol(const char* str,
+                                                   int length,
+                                                   int hash);
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* CreateSymbol(String* str);
+
+  // Write barrier support for address[offset] = o.
+  static inline void RecordWrite(Address address, int offset);
+
+  // Write barrier support for address[start : start + len[ = o.
+  static inline void RecordWrites(Address address, int start, int len);
+
+  // Given an address occupied by a live code object, return that object.
+  static Object* FindCodeObject(Address a);
+
+  // Invoke Shrink on shrinkable spaces.
+  static void Shrink();
+
+  enum HeapState { NOT_IN_GC, SCAVENGE, MARK_COMPACT };
+  static inline HeapState gc_state() { return gc_state_; }
+
+#ifdef DEBUG
+  static bool IsAllocationAllowed() { return allocation_allowed_; }
+  static inline bool allow_allocation(bool enable);
+
+  static bool disallow_allocation_failure() {
+    return disallow_allocation_failure_;
+  }
+
+  static void TracePathToObject(Object* target);
+  static void TracePathToGlobal();
+#endif
+
+  // Callback function passed to Heap::Iterate etc.  Copies an object if
+  // necessary, the object might be promoted to an old space.  The caller must
+  // ensure the precondition that the object is (a) a heap object and (b) in
+  // the heap's from space.
+  static void ScavengePointer(HeapObject** p);
+  static inline void ScavengeObject(HeapObject** p, HeapObject* object);
+
+  // Commits from space if it is uncommitted.
+  static void EnsureFromSpaceIsCommitted();
+
+  // Support for partial snapshots.  After calling this we can allocate a
+  // certain number of bytes using only linear allocation (with a
+  // LinearAllocationScope and an AlwaysAllocateScope) without using freelists
+  // or causing a GC.  It returns true of space was reserved or false if a GC is
+  // needed.  For paged spaces the space requested must include the space wasted
+  // at the end of each page when allocating linearly.
+  static void ReserveSpace(
+    int new_space_size,
+    int pointer_space_size,
+    int data_space_size,
+    int code_space_size,
+    int map_space_size,
+    int cell_space_size,
+    int large_object_size);
+
+  //
+  // Support for the API.
+  //
+
+  static bool CreateApiObjects();
+
+  // Attempt to find the number in a small cache.  If we finds it, return
+  // the string representation of the number.  Otherwise return undefined.
+  static Object* GetNumberStringCache(Object* number);
+
+  // Update the cache with a new number-string pair.
+  static void SetNumberStringCache(Object* number, String* str);
+
+  // Adjusts the amount of registered external memory.
+  // Returns the adjusted value.
+  static inline int AdjustAmountOfExternalAllocatedMemory(int change_in_bytes);
+
+  // Allocate uninitialized fixed array.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* AllocateRawFixedArray(int length);
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* AllocateRawFixedArray(
+      int length,
+      PretenureFlag pretenure);
+
+  // True if we have reached the allocation limit in the old generation that
+  // should force the next GC (caused normally) to be a full one.
+  static bool OldGenerationPromotionLimitReached() {
+    return (PromotedSpaceSize() + PromotedExternalMemorySize())
+           > old_gen_promotion_limit_;
+  }
+
+  static intptr_t OldGenerationSpaceAvailable() {
+    return old_gen_allocation_limit_ -
+           (PromotedSpaceSize() + PromotedExternalMemorySize());
+  }
+
+  // True if we have reached the allocation limit in the old generation that
+  // should artificially cause a GC right now.
+  static bool OldGenerationAllocationLimitReached() {
+    return OldGenerationSpaceAvailable() < 0;
+  }
+
+  // Can be called when the embedding application is idle.
+  static bool IdleNotification();
+
+  // Declare all the root indices.
+  enum RootListIndex {
+#define ROOT_INDEX_DECLARATION(type, name, camel_name) k##camel_name##RootIndex,
+    STRONG_ROOT_LIST(ROOT_INDEX_DECLARATION)
+#undef ROOT_INDEX_DECLARATION
+
+// Utility type maps
+#define DECLARE_STRUCT_MAP(NAME, Name, name) k##Name##MapRootIndex,
+  STRUCT_LIST(DECLARE_STRUCT_MAP)
+#undef DECLARE_STRUCT_MAP
+
+#define SYMBOL_INDEX_DECLARATION(name, str) k##name##RootIndex,
+    SYMBOL_LIST(SYMBOL_INDEX_DECLARATION)
+#undef SYMBOL_DECLARATION
+
+    kSymbolTableRootIndex,
+    kStrongRootListLength = kSymbolTableRootIndex,
+    kRootListLength
+  };
+
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* NumberToString(
+      Object* number,
+      bool check_number_string_cache = true);
+
+  static Map* MapForExternalArrayType(ExternalArrayType array_type);
+  static RootListIndex RootIndexForExternalArrayType(
+      ExternalArrayType array_type);
+
+  static void RecordStats(HeapStats* stats, bool take_snapshot = false);
+
+  // Copy block of memory from src to dst. Size of block should be aligned
+  // by pointer size.
+  static inline void CopyBlock(Address dst, Address src, int byte_size);
+
+  static inline void CopyBlockToOldSpaceAndUpdateRegionMarks(Address dst,
+                                                             Address src,
+                                                             int byte_size);
+
+  // Optimized version of memmove for blocks with pointer size aligned sizes and
+  // pointer size aligned addresses.
+  static inline void MoveBlock(Address dst, Address src, int byte_size);
+
+  static inline void MoveBlockToOldSpaceAndUpdateRegionMarks(Address dst,
+                                                             Address src,
+                                                             int byte_size);
+
+  // Check new space expansion criteria and expand semispaces if it was hit.
+  static void CheckNewSpaceExpansionCriteria();
+
+  static inline void IncrementYoungSurvivorsCounter(int survived) {
+    young_survivors_after_last_gc_ = survived;
+    survived_since_last_expansion_ += survived;
+  }
+
+  static void UpdateNewSpaceReferencesInExternalStringTable(
+      ExternalStringTableUpdaterCallback updater_func);
+
+  static void ProcessWeakReferences(WeakObjectRetainer* retainer);
+
+  // Helper function that governs the promotion policy from new space to
+  // old.  If the object's old address lies below the new space's age
+  // mark or if we've already filled the bottom 1/16th of the to space,
+  // we try to promote this object.
+  static inline bool ShouldBePromoted(Address old_address, int object_size);
+
+  static int MaxObjectSizeInNewSpace() { return kMaxObjectSizeInNewSpace; }
+
+  static void ClearJSFunctionResultCaches();
+
+  static void ClearNormalizedMapCaches();
+
+  static GCTracer* tracer() { return tracer_; }
+
+ private:
+  static int reserved_semispace_size_;
+  static int max_semispace_size_;
+  static int initial_semispace_size_;
+  static intptr_t max_old_generation_size_;
+  static intptr_t max_executable_size_;
+  static intptr_t code_range_size_;
+
+  // For keeping track of how much data has survived
+  // scavenge since last new space expansion.
+  static int survived_since_last_expansion_;
+
+  static int always_allocate_scope_depth_;
+  static int linear_allocation_scope_depth_;
+
+  // For keeping track of context disposals.
+  static int contexts_disposed_;
+
+#if defined(V8_TARGET_ARCH_X64)
+  static const int kMaxObjectSizeInNewSpace = 1024*KB;
+#else
+  static const int kMaxObjectSizeInNewSpace = 512*KB;
+#endif
+
+  static NewSpace new_space_;
+  static OldSpace* old_pointer_space_;
+  static OldSpace* old_data_space_;
+  static OldSpace* code_space_;
+  static MapSpace* map_space_;
+  static CellSpace* cell_space_;
+  static LargeObjectSpace* lo_space_;
+  static HeapState gc_state_;
+
+  // Returns the size of object residing in non new spaces.
+  static intptr_t PromotedSpaceSize();
+
+  // Returns the amount of external memory registered since last global gc.
+  static int PromotedExternalMemorySize();
+
+  static int mc_count_;  // how many mark-compact collections happened
+  static int ms_count_;  // how many mark-sweep collections happened
+  static unsigned int gc_count_;  // how many gc happened
+
+  // Total length of the strings we failed to flatten since the last GC.
+  static int unflattened_strings_length_;
+
+#define ROOT_ACCESSOR(type, name, camel_name)                                  \
+  static inline void set_##name(type* value) {                                 \
+    roots_[k##camel_name##RootIndex] = value;                                  \
+  }
+  ROOT_LIST(ROOT_ACCESSOR)
+#undef ROOT_ACCESSOR
+
+#ifdef DEBUG
+  static bool allocation_allowed_;
+
+  // If the --gc-interval flag is set to a positive value, this
+  // variable holds the value indicating the number of allocations
+  // remain until the next failure and garbage collection.
+  static int allocation_timeout_;
+
+  // Do we expect to be able to handle allocation failure at this
+  // time?
+  static bool disallow_allocation_failure_;
+#endif  // DEBUG
+
+  // Limit that triggers a global GC on the next (normally caused) GC.  This
+  // is checked when we have already decided to do a GC to help determine
+  // which collector to invoke.
+  static intptr_t old_gen_promotion_limit_;
+
+  // Limit that triggers a global GC as soon as is reasonable.  This is
+  // checked before expanding a paged space in the old generation and on
+  // every allocation in large object space.
+  static intptr_t old_gen_allocation_limit_;
+
+  // Limit on the amount of externally allocated memory allowed
+  // between global GCs. If reached a global GC is forced.
+  static intptr_t external_allocation_limit_;
+
+  // The amount of external memory registered through the API kept alive
+  // by global handles
+  static int amount_of_external_allocated_memory_;
+
+  // Caches the amount of external memory registered at the last global gc.
+  static int amount_of_external_allocated_memory_at_last_global_gc_;
+
+  // Indicates that an allocation has failed in the old generation since the
+  // last GC.
+  static int old_gen_exhausted_;
+
+  static Object* roots_[kRootListLength];
+
+  static Object* global_contexts_list_;
+
+  struct StringTypeTable {
+    InstanceType type;
+    int size;
+    RootListIndex index;
+  };
+
+  struct ConstantSymbolTable {
+    const char* contents;
+    RootListIndex index;
+  };
+
+  struct StructTable {
+    InstanceType type;
+    int size;
+    RootListIndex index;
+  };
+
+  static const StringTypeTable string_type_table[];
+  static const ConstantSymbolTable constant_symbol_table[];
+  static const StructTable struct_table[];
+
+  // The special hidden symbol which is an empty string, but does not match
+  // any string when looked up in properties.
+  static String* hidden_symbol_;
+
+  // GC callback function, called before and after mark-compact GC.
+  // Allocations in the callback function are disallowed.
+  struct GCPrologueCallbackPair {
+    GCPrologueCallbackPair(GCPrologueCallback callback, GCType gc_type)
+        : callback(callback), gc_type(gc_type) {
+    }
+    bool operator==(const GCPrologueCallbackPair& pair) const {
+      return pair.callback == callback;
+    }
+    GCPrologueCallback callback;
+    GCType gc_type;
+  };
+  static List<GCPrologueCallbackPair> gc_prologue_callbacks_;
+
+  struct GCEpilogueCallbackPair {
+    GCEpilogueCallbackPair(GCEpilogueCallback callback, GCType gc_type)
+        : callback(callback), gc_type(gc_type) {
+    }
+    bool operator==(const GCEpilogueCallbackPair& pair) const {
+      return pair.callback == callback;
+    }
+    GCEpilogueCallback callback;
+    GCType gc_type;
+  };
+  static List<GCEpilogueCallbackPair> gc_epilogue_callbacks_;
+
+  static GCCallback global_gc_prologue_callback_;
+  static GCCallback global_gc_epilogue_callback_;
+
+  // Support for computing object sizes during GC.
+  static HeapObjectCallback gc_safe_size_of_old_object_;
+  static int GcSafeSizeOfOldObject(HeapObject* object);
+  static int GcSafeSizeOfOldObjectWithEncodedMap(HeapObject* object);
+
+  // Update the GC state. Called from the mark-compact collector.
+  static void MarkMapPointersAsEncoded(bool encoded) {
+    gc_safe_size_of_old_object_ = encoded
+        ? &GcSafeSizeOfOldObjectWithEncodedMap
+        : &GcSafeSizeOfOldObject;
+  }
+
+  // Checks whether a global GC is necessary
+  static GarbageCollector SelectGarbageCollector(AllocationSpace space);
+
+  // Performs garbage collection
+  // Returns whether there is a chance another major GC could
+  // collect more garbage.
+  static bool PerformGarbageCollection(GarbageCollector collector,
+                                       GCTracer* tracer);
+
+  // Allocate an uninitialized object in map space.  The behavior is identical
+  // to Heap::AllocateRaw(size_in_bytes, MAP_SPACE), except that (a) it doesn't
+  // have to test the allocation space argument and (b) can reduce code size
+  // (since both AllocateRaw and AllocateRawMap are inlined).
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static inline MaybeObject* AllocateRawMap();
+
+  // Allocate an uninitialized object in the global property cell space.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static inline MaybeObject* AllocateRawCell();
+
+  // Initializes a JSObject based on its map.
+  static void InitializeJSObjectFromMap(JSObject* obj,
+                                        FixedArray* properties,
+                                        Map* map);
+
+  static bool CreateInitialMaps();
+  static bool CreateInitialObjects();
+
+  // These five Create*EntryStub functions are here and forced to not be inlined
+  // because of a gcc-4.4 bug that assigns wrong vtable entries.
+  NO_INLINE(static void CreateCEntryStub());
+  NO_INLINE(static void CreateJSEntryStub());
+  NO_INLINE(static void CreateJSConstructEntryStub());
+  NO_INLINE(static void CreateRegExpCEntryStub());
+  NO_INLINE(static void CreateDirectCEntryStub());
+
+  static void CreateFixedStubs();
+
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* CreateOddball(const char* to_string,
+                                                    Object* to_number);
+
+  // Allocate empty fixed array.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* AllocateEmptyFixedArray();
+
+  // Performs a minor collection in new generation.
+  static void Scavenge();
+
+  static String* UpdateNewSpaceReferenceInExternalStringTableEntry(
+      Object** pointer);
+
+  static Address DoScavenge(ObjectVisitor* scavenge_visitor,
+                            Address new_space_front);
+
+  // Performs a major collection in the whole heap.
+  static void MarkCompact(GCTracer* tracer);
+
+  // Code to be run before and after mark-compact.
+  static void MarkCompactPrologue(bool is_compacting);
+
+  // Completely clear the Instanceof cache (to stop it keeping objects alive
+  // around a GC).
+  static void CompletelyClearInstanceofCache() {
+    set_instanceof_cache_map(the_hole_value());
+    set_instanceof_cache_function(the_hole_value());
+  }
+
+#if defined(DEBUG) || defined(ENABLE_LOGGING_AND_PROFILING)
+  // Record statistics before and after garbage collection.
+  static void ReportStatisticsBeforeGC();
+  static void ReportStatisticsAfterGC();
+#endif
+
+  // Slow part of scavenge object.
+  static void ScavengeObjectSlow(HeapObject** p, HeapObject* object);
+
+  // Initializes a function with a shared part and prototype.
+  // Returns the function.
+  // Note: this code was factored out of AllocateFunction such that
+  // other parts of the VM could use it. Specifically, a function that creates
+  // instances of type JS_FUNCTION_TYPE benefit from the use of this function.
+  // Please note this does not perform a garbage collection.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static inline MaybeObject* InitializeFunction(
+      JSFunction* function,
+      SharedFunctionInfo* shared,
+      Object* prototype);
+
+  static GCTracer* tracer_;
+
+
+  // Initializes the number to string cache based on the max semispace size.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static MaybeObject* InitializeNumberStringCache();
+  // Flush the number to string cache.
+  static void FlushNumberStringCache();
+
+  static void UpdateSurvivalRateTrend(int start_new_space_size);
+
+  enum SurvivalRateTrend { INCREASING, STABLE, DECREASING, FLUCTUATING };
+
+  static const int kYoungSurvivalRateThreshold = 90;
+  static const int kYoungSurvivalRateAllowedDeviation = 15;
+
+  static int young_survivors_after_last_gc_;
+  static int high_survival_rate_period_length_;
+  static double survival_rate_;
+  static SurvivalRateTrend previous_survival_rate_trend_;
+  static SurvivalRateTrend survival_rate_trend_;
+
+  static void set_survival_rate_trend(SurvivalRateTrend survival_rate_trend) {
+    ASSERT(survival_rate_trend != FLUCTUATING);
+    previous_survival_rate_trend_ = survival_rate_trend_;
+    survival_rate_trend_ = survival_rate_trend;
+  }
+
+  static SurvivalRateTrend survival_rate_trend() {
+    if (survival_rate_trend_ == STABLE) {
+      return STABLE;
+    } else if (previous_survival_rate_trend_ == STABLE) {
+      return survival_rate_trend_;
+    } else if (survival_rate_trend_ != previous_survival_rate_trend_) {
+      return FLUCTUATING;
+    } else {
+      return survival_rate_trend_;
+    }
+  }
+
+  static bool IsStableOrIncreasingSurvivalTrend() {
+    switch (survival_rate_trend()) {
+      case STABLE:
+      case INCREASING:
+        return true;
+      default:
+        return false;
+    }
+  }
+
+  static bool IsIncreasingSurvivalTrend() {
+    return survival_rate_trend() == INCREASING;
+  }
+
+  static bool IsHighSurvivalRate() {
+    return high_survival_rate_period_length_ > 0;
+  }
+
+  static const int kInitialSymbolTableSize = 2048;
+  static const int kInitialEvalCacheSize = 64;
+
+  friend class Factory;
+  friend class DisallowAllocationFailure;
+  friend class AlwaysAllocateScope;
+  friend class LinearAllocationScope;
+  friend class MarkCompactCollector;
+};
+
+
+class HeapStats {
+ public:
+  static const int kStartMarker = 0xDECADE00;
+  static const int kEndMarker = 0xDECADE01;
+
+  int* start_marker;                    //  0
+  int* new_space_size;                  //  1
+  int* new_space_capacity;              //  2
+  intptr_t* old_pointer_space_size;          //  3
+  intptr_t* old_pointer_space_capacity;      //  4
+  intptr_t* old_data_space_size;             //  5
+  intptr_t* old_data_space_capacity;         //  6
+  intptr_t* code_space_size;                 //  7
+  intptr_t* code_space_capacity;             //  8
+  intptr_t* map_space_size;                  //  9
+  intptr_t* map_space_capacity;              // 10
+  intptr_t* cell_space_size;                 // 11
+  intptr_t* cell_space_capacity;             // 12
+  intptr_t* lo_space_size;                   // 13
+  int* global_handle_count;             // 14
+  int* weak_global_handle_count;        // 15
+  int* pending_global_handle_count;     // 16
+  int* near_death_global_handle_count;  // 17
+  int* destroyed_global_handle_count;   // 18
+  intptr_t* memory_allocator_size;           // 19
+  intptr_t* memory_allocator_capacity;       // 20
+  int* objects_per_type;                // 21
+  int* size_per_type;                   // 22
+  int* os_error;                        // 23
+  int* end_marker;                      // 24
+};
+
+
+class AlwaysAllocateScope {
+ public:
+  AlwaysAllocateScope() {
+    // We shouldn't hit any nested scopes, because that requires
+    // non-handle code to call handle code. The code still works but
+    // performance will degrade, so we want to catch this situation
+    // in debug mode.
+    ASSERT(Heap::always_allocate_scope_depth_ == 0);
+    Heap::always_allocate_scope_depth_++;
+  }
+
+  ~AlwaysAllocateScope() {
+    Heap::always_allocate_scope_depth_--;
+    ASSERT(Heap::always_allocate_scope_depth_ == 0);
+  }
+};
+
+
+class LinearAllocationScope {
+ public:
+  LinearAllocationScope() {
+    Heap::linear_allocation_scope_depth_++;
+  }
+
+  ~LinearAllocationScope() {
+    Heap::linear_allocation_scope_depth_--;
+    ASSERT(Heap::linear_allocation_scope_depth_ >= 0);
+  }
+};
+
+
+#ifdef DEBUG
+// Visitor class to verify interior pointers in spaces that do not contain
+// or care about intergenerational references. All heap object pointers have to
+// point into the heap to a location that has a map pointer at its first word.
+// Caveat: Heap::Contains is an approximation because it can return true for
+// objects in a heap space but above the allocation pointer.
+class VerifyPointersVisitor: public ObjectVisitor {
+ public:
+  void VisitPointers(Object** start, Object** end) {
+    for (Object** current = start; current < end; current++) {
+      if ((*current)->IsHeapObject()) {
+        HeapObject* object = HeapObject::cast(*current);
+        ASSERT(Heap::Contains(object));
+        ASSERT(object->map()->IsMap());
+      }
+    }
+  }
+};
+
+
+// Visitor class to verify interior pointers in spaces that use region marks
+// to keep track of intergenerational references.
+// As VerifyPointersVisitor but also checks that dirty marks are set
+// for regions covering intergenerational references.
+class VerifyPointersAndDirtyRegionsVisitor: public ObjectVisitor {
+ public:
+  void VisitPointers(Object** start, Object** end) {
+    for (Object** current = start; current < end; current++) {
+      if ((*current)->IsHeapObject()) {
+        HeapObject* object = HeapObject::cast(*current);
+        ASSERT(Heap::Contains(object));
+        ASSERT(object->map()->IsMap());
+        if (Heap::InNewSpace(object)) {
+          ASSERT(Heap::InToSpace(object));
+          Address addr = reinterpret_cast<Address>(current);
+          ASSERT(Page::FromAddress(addr)->IsRegionDirty(addr));
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+};
+#endif
+
+
+// Space iterator for iterating over all spaces of the heap.
+// Returns each space in turn, and null when it is done.
+class AllSpaces BASE_EMBEDDED {
+ public:
+  Space* next();
+  AllSpaces() { counter_ = FIRST_SPACE; }
+ private:
+  int counter_;
+};
+
+
+// Space iterator for iterating over all old spaces of the heap: Old pointer
+// space, old data space and code space.
+// Returns each space in turn, and null when it is done.
+class OldSpaces BASE_EMBEDDED {
+ public:
+  OldSpace* next();
+  OldSpaces() { counter_ = OLD_POINTER_SPACE; }
+ private:
+  int counter_;
+};
+
+
+// Space iterator for iterating over all the paged spaces of the heap:
+// Map space, old pointer space, old data space, code space and cell space.
+// Returns each space in turn, and null when it is done.
+class PagedSpaces BASE_EMBEDDED {
+ public:
+  PagedSpace* next();
+  PagedSpaces() { counter_ = OLD_POINTER_SPACE; }
+ private:
+  int counter_;
+};
+
+
+// Space iterator for iterating over all spaces of the heap.
+// For each space an object iterator is provided. The deallocation of the
+// returned object iterators is handled by the space iterator.
+class SpaceIterator : public Malloced {
+ public:
+  SpaceIterator();
+  explicit SpaceIterator(HeapObjectCallback size_func);
+  virtual ~SpaceIterator();
+
+  bool has_next();
+  ObjectIterator* next();
+
+ private:
+  ObjectIterator* CreateIterator();
+
+  int current_space_;  // from enum AllocationSpace.
+  ObjectIterator* iterator_;  // object iterator for the current space.
+  HeapObjectCallback size_func_;
+};
+
+
+// A HeapIterator provides iteration over the whole heap. It
+// aggregates the specific iterators for the different spaces as
+// these can only iterate over one space only.
+//
+// HeapIterator can skip free list nodes (that is, de-allocated heap
+// objects that still remain in the heap). As implementation of free
+// nodes filtering uses GC marks, it can't be used during MS/MC GC
+// phases. Also, it is forbidden to interrupt iteration in this mode,
+// as this will leave heap objects marked (and thus, unusable).
+class HeapObjectsFilter;
+
+class HeapIterator BASE_EMBEDDED {
+ public:
+  enum HeapObjectsFiltering {
+    kNoFiltering,
+    kFilterFreeListNodes,
+    kFilterUnreachable
+  };
+
+  HeapIterator();
+  explicit HeapIterator(HeapObjectsFiltering filtering);
+  ~HeapIterator();
+
+  HeapObject* next();
+  void reset();
+
+ private:
+  // Perform the initialization.
+  void Init();
+  // Perform all necessary shutdown (destruction) work.
+  void Shutdown();
+  HeapObject* NextObject();
+
+  HeapObjectsFiltering filtering_;
+  HeapObjectsFilter* filter_;
+  // Space iterator for iterating all the spaces.
+  SpaceIterator* space_iterator_;
+  // Object iterator for the space currently being iterated.
+  ObjectIterator* object_iterator_;
+};
+
+
+// Cache for mapping (map, property name) into field offset.
+// Cleared at startup and prior to mark sweep collection.
+class KeyedLookupCache {
+ public:
+  // Lookup field offset for (map, name). If absent, -1 is returned.
+  static int Lookup(Map* map, String* name);
+
+  // Update an element in the cache.
+  static void Update(Map* map, String* name, int field_offset);
+
+  // Clear the cache.
+  static void Clear();
+
+  static const int kLength = 64;
+  static const int kCapacityMask = kLength - 1;
+  static const int kMapHashShift = 2;
+
+ private:
+  static inline int Hash(Map* map, String* name);
+
+  // Get the address of the keys and field_offsets arrays.  Used in
+  // generated code to perform cache lookups.
+  static Address keys_address() {
+    return reinterpret_cast<Address>(&keys_);
+  }
+
+  static Address field_offsets_address() {
+    return reinterpret_cast<Address>(&field_offsets_);
+  }
+
+  struct Key {
+    Map* map;
+    String* name;
+  };
+  static Key keys_[kLength];
+  static int field_offsets_[kLength];
+
+  friend class ExternalReference;
+};
+
+
+// Cache for mapping (array, property name) into descriptor index.
+// The cache contains both positive and negative results.
+// Descriptor index equals kNotFound means the property is absent.
+// Cleared at startup and prior to any gc.
+class DescriptorLookupCache {
+ public:
+  // Lookup descriptor index for (map, name).
+  // If absent, kAbsent is returned.
+  static int Lookup(DescriptorArray* array, String* name) {
+    if (!StringShape(name).IsSymbol()) return kAbsent;
+    int index = Hash(array, name);
+    Key& key = keys_[index];
+    if ((key.array == array) && (key.name == name)) return results_[index];
+    return kAbsent;
+  }
+
+  // Update an element in the cache.
+  static void Update(DescriptorArray* array, String* name, int result) {
+    ASSERT(result != kAbsent);
+    if (StringShape(name).IsSymbol()) {
+      int index = Hash(array, name);
+      Key& key = keys_[index];
+      key.array = array;
+      key.name = name;
+      results_[index] = result;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Clear the cache.
+  static void Clear();
+
+  static const int kAbsent = -2;
+ private:
+  static int Hash(DescriptorArray* array, String* name) {
+    // Uses only lower 32 bits if pointers are larger.
+    uint32_t array_hash =
+        static_cast<uint32_t>(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(array)) >> 2;
+    uint32_t name_hash =
+        static_cast<uint32_t>(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(name)) >> 2;
+    return (array_hash ^ name_hash) % kLength;
+  }
+
+  static const int kLength = 64;
+  struct Key {
+    DescriptorArray* array;
+    String* name;
+  };
+
+  static Key keys_[kLength];
+  static int results_[kLength];
+};
+
+
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Marking stack for tracing live objects.
+
+class MarkingStack {
+ public:
+  void Initialize(Address low, Address high) {
+    top_ = low_ = reinterpret_cast<HeapObject**>(low);
+    high_ = reinterpret_cast<HeapObject**>(high);
+    overflowed_ = false;
+  }
+
+  bool is_full() { return top_ >= high_; }
+
+  bool is_empty() { return top_ <= low_; }
+
+  bool overflowed() { return overflowed_; }
+
+  void clear_overflowed() { overflowed_ = false; }
+
+  // Push the (marked) object on the marking stack if there is room,
+  // otherwise mark the object as overflowed and wait for a rescan of the
+  // heap.
+  void Push(HeapObject* object) {
+    CHECK(object->IsHeapObject());
+    if (is_full()) {
+      object->SetOverflow();
+      overflowed_ = true;
+    } else {
+      *(top_++) = object;
+    }
+  }
+
+  HeapObject* Pop() {
+    ASSERT(!is_empty());
+    HeapObject* object = *(--top_);
+    CHECK(object->IsHeapObject());
+    return object;
+  }
+
+ private:
+  HeapObject** low_;
+  HeapObject** top_;
+  HeapObject** high_;
+  bool overflowed_;
+};
+
+
+// A helper class to document/test C++ scopes where we do not
+// expect a GC. Usage:
+//
+// /* Allocation not allowed: we cannot handle a GC in this scope. */
+// { AssertNoAllocation nogc;
+//   ...
+// }
+
+#ifdef DEBUG
+
+class DisallowAllocationFailure {
+ public:
+  DisallowAllocationFailure() {
+    old_state_ = Heap::disallow_allocation_failure_;
+    Heap::disallow_allocation_failure_ = true;
+  }
+  ~DisallowAllocationFailure() {
+    Heap::disallow_allocation_failure_ = old_state_;
+  }
+ private:
+  bool old_state_;
+};
+
+class AssertNoAllocation {
+ public:
+  AssertNoAllocation() {
+    old_state_ = Heap::allow_allocation(false);
+  }
+
+  ~AssertNoAllocation() {
+    Heap::allow_allocation(old_state_);
+  }
+
+ private:
+  bool old_state_;
+};
+
+class DisableAssertNoAllocation {
+ public:
+  DisableAssertNoAllocation() {
+    old_state_ = Heap::allow_allocation(true);
+  }
+
+  ~DisableAssertNoAllocation() {
+    Heap::allow_allocation(old_state_);
+  }
+
+ private:
+  bool old_state_;
+};
+
+#else  // ndef DEBUG
+
+class AssertNoAllocation {
+ public:
+  AssertNoAllocation() { }
+  ~AssertNoAllocation() { }
+};
+
+class DisableAssertNoAllocation {
+ public:
+  DisableAssertNoAllocation() { }
+  ~DisableAssertNoAllocation() { }
+};
+
+#endif
+
+// GCTracer collects and prints ONE line after each garbage collector
+// invocation IFF --trace_gc is used.
+
+class GCTracer BASE_EMBEDDED {
+ public:
+  class Scope BASE_EMBEDDED {
+   public:
+    enum ScopeId {
+      EXTERNAL,
+      MC_MARK,
+      MC_SWEEP,
+      MC_SWEEP_NEWSPACE,
+      MC_COMPACT,
+      MC_FLUSH_CODE,
+      kNumberOfScopes
+    };
+
+    Scope(GCTracer* tracer, ScopeId scope)
+        : tracer_(tracer),
+        scope_(scope) {
+      start_time_ = OS::TimeCurrentMillis();
+    }
+
+    ~Scope() {
+      ASSERT(scope_ < kNumberOfScopes);  // scope_ is unsigned.
+      tracer_->scopes_[scope_] += OS::TimeCurrentMillis() - start_time_;
+    }
+
+   private:
+    GCTracer* tracer_;
+    ScopeId scope_;
+    double start_time_;
+  };
+
+  GCTracer();
+  ~GCTracer();
+
+  // Sets the collector.
+  void set_collector(GarbageCollector collector) { collector_ = collector; }
+
+  // Sets the GC count.
+  void set_gc_count(unsigned int count) { gc_count_ = count; }
+
+  // Sets the full GC count.
+  void set_full_gc_count(int count) { full_gc_count_ = count; }
+
+  // Sets the flag that this is a compacting full GC.
+  void set_is_compacting() { is_compacting_ = true; }
+  bool is_compacting() const { return is_compacting_; }
+
+  // Increment and decrement the count of marked objects.
+  void increment_marked_count() { ++marked_count_; }
+  void decrement_marked_count() { --marked_count_; }
+
+  int marked_count() { return marked_count_; }
+
+  void increment_promoted_objects_size(int object_size) {
+    promoted_objects_size_ += object_size;
+  }
+
+  // Returns maximum GC pause.
+  static int get_max_gc_pause() { return max_gc_pause_; }
+
+  // Returns maximum size of objects alive after GC.
+  static intptr_t get_max_alive_after_gc() { return max_alive_after_gc_; }
+
+  // Returns minimal interval between two subsequent collections.
+  static int get_min_in_mutator() { return min_in_mutator_; }
+
+ private:
+  // Returns a string matching the collector.
+  const char* CollectorString();
+
+  // Returns size of object in heap (in MB).
+  double SizeOfHeapObjects() {
+    return (static_cast<double>(Heap::SizeOfObjects())) / MB;
+  }
+
+  double start_time_;  // Timestamp set in the constructor.
+  intptr_t start_size_;  // Size of objects in heap set in constructor.
+  GarbageCollector collector_;  // Type of collector.
+
+  // A count (including this one, eg, the first collection is 1) of the
+  // number of garbage collections.
+  unsigned int gc_count_;
+
+  // A count (including this one) of the number of full garbage collections.
+  int full_gc_count_;
+
+  // True if the current GC is a compacting full collection, false
+  // otherwise.
+  bool is_compacting_;
+
+  // True if the *previous* full GC cwas a compacting collection (will be
+  // false if there has not been a previous full GC).
+  bool previous_has_compacted_;
+
+  // On a full GC, a count of the number of marked objects.  Incremented
+  // when an object is marked and decremented when an object's mark bit is
+  // cleared.  Will be zero on a scavenge collection.
+  int marked_count_;
+
+  // The count from the end of the previous full GC.  Will be zero if there
+  // was no previous full GC.
+  int previous_marked_count_;
+
+  // Amounts of time spent in different scopes during GC.
+  double scopes_[Scope::kNumberOfScopes];
+
+  // Total amount of space either wasted or contained in one of free lists
+  // before the current GC.
+  intptr_t in_free_list_or_wasted_before_gc_;
+
+  // Difference between space used in the heap at the beginning of the current
+  // collection and the end of the previous collection.
+  intptr_t allocated_since_last_gc_;
+
+  // Amount of time spent in mutator that is time elapsed between end of the
+  // previous collection and the beginning of the current one.
+  double spent_in_mutator_;
+
+  // Size of objects promoted during the current collection.
+  intptr_t promoted_objects_size_;
+
+  // Maximum GC pause.
+  static int max_gc_pause_;
+
+  // Maximum size of objects alive after GC.
+  static intptr_t max_alive_after_gc_;
+
+  // Minimal interval between two subsequent collections.
+  static int min_in_mutator_;
+
+  // Size of objects alive after last GC.
+  static intptr_t alive_after_last_gc_;
+
+  static double last_gc_end_timestamp_;
+};
+
+
+class TranscendentalCache {
+ public:
+  enum Type {ACOS, ASIN, ATAN, COS, EXP, LOG, SIN, TAN, kNumberOfCaches};
+  static const int kTranscendentalTypeBits = 3;
+  STATIC_ASSERT((1 << kTranscendentalTypeBits) >= kNumberOfCaches);
+
+  explicit TranscendentalCache(Type t);
+
+  // Returns a heap number with f(input), where f is a math function specified
+  // by the 'type' argument.
+  MUST_USE_RESULT static inline MaybeObject* Get(Type type, double input) {
+    TranscendentalCache* cache = caches_[type];
+    if (cache == NULL) {
+      caches_[type] = cache = new TranscendentalCache(type);
+    }
+    return cache->Get(input);
+  }
+
+  // The cache contains raw Object pointers.  This method disposes of
+  // them before a garbage collection.
+  static void Clear();
+
+ private:
+  MUST_USE_RESULT inline MaybeObject* Get(double input) {
+    Converter c;
+    c.dbl = input;
+    int hash = Hash(c);
+    Element e = elements_[hash];
+    if (e.in[0] == c.integers[0] &&
+        e.in[1] == c.integers[1]) {
+      ASSERT(e.output != NULL);
+      Counters::transcendental_cache_hit.Increment();
+      return e.output;
+    }
+    double answer = Calculate(input);
+    Counters::transcendental_cache_miss.Increment();
+    Object* heap_number;
+    { MaybeObject* maybe_heap_number = Heap::AllocateHeapNumber(answer);
+      if (!maybe_heap_number->ToObject(&heap_number)) return maybe_heap_number;
+    }
+    elements_[hash].in[0] = c.integers[0];
+    elements_[hash].in[1] = c.integers[1];
+    elements_[hash].output = heap_number;
+    return heap_number;
+  }
+
+  inline double Calculate(double input) {
+    switch (type_) {
+      case ACOS:
+        return acos(input);
+      case ASIN:
+        return asin(input);
+      case ATAN:
+        return atan(input);
+      case COS:
+        return cos(input);
+      case EXP:
+        return exp(input);
+      case LOG:
+        return log(input);
+      case SIN:
+        return sin(input);
+      case TAN:
+        return tan(input);
+      default:
+        return 0.0;  // Never happens.
+    }
+  }
+  static const int kCacheSize = 512;
+  struct Element {
+    uint32_t in[2];
+    Object* output;
+  };
+  union Converter {
+    double dbl;
+    uint32_t integers[2];
+  };
+  inline static int Hash(const Converter& c) {
+    uint32_t hash = (c.integers[0] ^ c.integers[1]);
+    hash ^= static_cast<int32_t>(hash) >> 16;
+    hash ^= static_cast<int32_t>(hash) >> 8;
+    return (hash & (kCacheSize - 1));
+  }
+
+  static Address cache_array_address() {
+    // Used to create an external reference.
+    return reinterpret_cast<Address>(caches_);
+  }
+
+  // Allow access to the caches_ array as an ExternalReference.
+  friend class ExternalReference;
+  // Inline implementation of the cache.
+  friend class TranscendentalCacheStub;
+
+  static TranscendentalCache* caches_[kNumberOfCaches];
+  Element elements_[kCacheSize];
+  Type type_;
+};
+
+
+// External strings table is a place where all external strings are
+// registered.  We need to keep track of such strings to properly
+// finalize them.
+class ExternalStringTable : public AllStatic {
+ public:
+  // Registers an external string.
+  inline static void AddString(String* string);
+
+  inline static void Iterate(ObjectVisitor* v);
+
+  // Restores internal invariant and gets rid of collected strings.
+  // Must be called after each Iterate() that modified the strings.
+  static void CleanUp();
+
+  // Destroys all allocated memory.
+  static void TearDown();
+
+ private:
+  friend class Heap;
+
+  inline static void Verify();
+
+  inline static void AddOldString(String* string);
+
+  // Notifies the table that only a prefix of the new list is valid.
+  inline static void ShrinkNewStrings(int position);
+
+  // To speed up scavenge collections new space string are kept
+  // separate from old space strings.
+  static List<Object*> new_space_strings_;
+  static List<Object*> old_space_strings_;
+};
+
+
+// Abstract base class for checking whether a weak object should be retained.
+class WeakObjectRetainer {
+ public:
+  virtual ~WeakObjectRetainer() {}
+
+  // Return whether this object should be retained. If NULL is returned the
+  // object has no references. Otherwise the address of the retained object
+  // should be returned as in some GC situations the object has been moved.
+  virtual Object* RetainAs(Object* object) = 0;
+};
+
+
+#if defined(DEBUG) || defined(LIVE_OBJECT_LIST)
+// Helper class for tracing paths to a search target Object from all roots.
+// The TracePathFrom() method can be used to trace paths from a specific
+// object to the search target object.
+class PathTracer : public ObjectVisitor {
+ public:
+  enum WhatToFind {
+    FIND_ALL,   // Will find all matches.
+    FIND_FIRST  // Will stop the search after first match.
+  };
+
+  // For the WhatToFind arg, if FIND_FIRST is specified, tracing will stop
+  // after the first match.  If FIND_ALL is specified, then tracing will be
+  // done for all matches.
+  PathTracer(Object* search_target,
+             WhatToFind what_to_find,
+             VisitMode visit_mode)
+      : search_target_(search_target),
+        found_target_(false),
+        found_target_in_trace_(false),
+        what_to_find_(what_to_find),
+        visit_mode_(visit_mode),
+        object_stack_(20),
+        no_alloc() {}
+
+  virtual void VisitPointers(Object** start, Object** end);
+
+  void Reset();
+  void TracePathFrom(Object** root);
+
+  bool found() const { return found_target_; }
+
+  static Object* const kAnyGlobalObject;
+
+ protected:
+  class MarkVisitor;
+  class UnmarkVisitor;
+
+  void MarkRecursively(Object** p, MarkVisitor* mark_visitor);
+  void UnmarkRecursively(Object** p, UnmarkVisitor* unmark_visitor);
+  virtual void ProcessResults();
+
+  // Tags 0, 1, and 3 are used. Use 2 for marking visited HeapObject.
+  static const int kMarkTag = 2;
+
+  Object* search_target_;
+  bool found_target_;
+  bool found_target_in_trace_;
+  WhatToFind what_to_find_;
+  VisitMode visit_mode_;
+  List<Object*> object_stack_;
+
+  AssertNoAllocation no_alloc;  // i.e. no gc allowed.
+
+  DISALLOW_IMPLICIT_CONSTRUCTORS(PathTracer);
+};
+#endif  // DEBUG || LIVE_OBJECT_LIST
+
+
+} }  // namespace v8::internal
+
+#endif  // V8_HEAP_H_