keras-hub-nightly 0.15.0.dev20240823171555__py3-none-any.whl

keras_hub/src/models/gpt2/gpt2_causal_lm.py

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+# Copyright 2024 The KerasHub Authors
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+
+import keras
+from keras import ops
+
+from keras_hub.src.api_export import keras_hub_export
+from keras_hub.src.models.causal_lm import CausalLM
+from keras_hub.src.models.gpt2.gpt2_backbone import GPT2Backbone
+from keras_hub.src.models.gpt2.gpt2_causal_lm_preprocessor import (
+    GPT2CausalLMPreprocessor,
+)
+from keras_hub.src.utils.tensor_utils import any_equal
+
+
+@keras_hub_export("keras_hub.models.GPT2CausalLM")
+class GPT2CausalLM(CausalLM):
+    """An end-to-end GPT2 model for causal language modeling.
+
+    A causal language model (LM) predicts the next token based on previous
+    tokens. This task setup can be used to train the model unsupervised on
+    plain text input, or to autoregressively generate plain text similar to
+    the data used for training. This task can be used for pre-training or
+    fine-tuning a GPT-2 model, simply by calling `fit()`.
+
+    This model has a `generate()` method, which generates text based on a
+    prompt. The generation strategy used is controlled by an additional
+    `sampler` argument on `compile()`. You can recompile the model with
+    different `keras_hub.samplers` objects to control the generation. By
+    default, `"top_k"` sampling will be used.
+
+    This model can optionally be configured with a `preprocessor` layer, in
+    which case it will automatically apply preprocessing to string inputs during
+    `fit()`, `predict()`, `evaluate()` and `generate()`. This is done by default
+    when creating the model with `from_preset()`.
+
+    Disclaimer: Pre-trained models are provided on an "as is" basis, without
+    warranties or conditions of any kind. The underlying model is provided by a
+    third party and subject to a separate license, available
+    [here](https://github.com/openai/gpt-2).
+
+    Args:
+        backbone: A `keras_hub.models.GPT2Backbone` instance.
+        preprocessor: A `keras_hub.models.GPT2CausalLMPreprocessor` or `None`.
+            If `None`, this model will not apply preprocessing, and inputs
+            should be preprocessed before calling the model.
+
+    Examples:
+
+    Use `generate()` to do text generation.
+    ```python
+    gpt2_lm = keras_hub.models.GPT2CausalLM.from_preset("gpt2_base_en")
+    gpt2_lm.generate("I want to say", max_length=30)
+
+    # Generate with batched prompts.
+    gpt2_lm.generate(["This is a", "Where are you"], max_length=30)
+    ```
+
+    Compile the `generate()` function with a custom sampler.
+    ```python
+    gpt2_lm = keras_hub.models.GPT2CausalLM.from_preset("gpt2_base_en")
+    gpt2_lm.compile(sampler="greedy")
+    gpt2_lm.generate("I want to say", max_length=30)
+
+    gpt2_lm.compile(sampler=keras_hub.samplers.BeamSampler(num_beams=2))
+    gpt2_lm.generate("I want to say", max_length=30)
+    ```
+
+    Use `generate()` without preprocessing.
+    ```python
+    # Prompt the model with `5338, 318` (the token ids for `"Who is"`).
+    # Use `"padding_mask"` to indicate values that should not be overridden.
+    prompt = {
+        "token_ids": np.array([[5338, 318, 0, 0, 0]] * 2),
+        "padding_mask": np.array([[1, 1, 0, 0, 0]] * 2),
+    }
+
+    gpt2_lm = keras_hub.models.GPT2CausalLM.from_preset(
+        "gpt2_base_en",
+        preprocessor=None,
+    )
+    gpt2_lm.generate(prompt)
+    ```
+
+    Call `fit()` on a single batch.
+    ```python
+    features = ["The quick brown fox jumped.", "I forgot my homework."]
+    gpt2_lm = keras_hub.models.GPT2CausalLM.from_preset("gpt2_base_en")
+    gpt2_lm.fit(x=features, batch_size=2)
+    ```
+
+    Call `fit()` without preprocessing.
+    ```python
+    x = {
+        "token_ids": np.array([[50256, 1, 2, 3, 4]] * 2),
+        "padding_mask": np.array([[1, 1, 1, 1, 1]] * 2),
+    }
+    y = np.array([[1, 2, 3, 4, 50256]] * 2)
+    sw = np.array([[1, 1, 1, 1, 1]] * 2)
+
+    gpt2_lm = keras_hub.models.GPT2CausalLM.from_preset(
+        "gpt2_base_en",
+        preprocessor=None,
+    )
+    gpt2_lm.fit(x=x, y=y, sample_weight=sw, batch_size=2)
+    ```
+
+    Custom backbone and vocabulary.
+    ```python
+    features = ["a quick fox.", "a fox quick."]
+    vocab = {"<|endoftext|>": 0, "a": 4, "Ġquick": 5, "Ġfox": 6}
+    merges = ["Ġ q", "u i", "c k", "ui ck", "Ġq uick"]
+    merges += ["Ġ f", "o x", "Ġf ox"]
+
+    tokenizer = keras_hub.models.GPT2Tokenizer(
+        vocabulary=vocab,
+        merges=merges,
+    )
+    preprocessor = keras_hub.models.GPT2CausalLMPreprocessor(
+        tokenizer=tokenizer,
+        sequence_length=128,
+    )
+    backbone = keras_hub.models.GPT2Backbone(
+        vocabulary_size=30552,
+        num_layers=4,
+        num_heads=4,
+        hidden_dim=256,
+        intermediate_dim=512,
+        max_sequence_length=128,
+    )
+    gpt2_lm = keras_hub.models.GPT2CausalLM(
+        backbone=backbone,
+        preprocessor=preprocessor,
+    )
+    gpt2_lm.fit(x=features, batch_size=2)
+    ```
+    """
+
+    backbone_cls = GPT2Backbone
+    preprocessor_cls = GPT2CausalLMPreprocessor
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        backbone,
+        preprocessor=None,
+        **kwargs,
+    ):
+        # === Layers ===
+        self.backbone = backbone
+        self.preprocessor = preprocessor
+
+        # === Functional Model ===
+        inputs = backbone.input
+        hidden_states = backbone(inputs)
+        outputs = backbone.token_embedding(hidden_states, reverse=True)
+        super().__init__(
+            inputs=inputs,
+            outputs=outputs,
+            **kwargs,
+        )
+
+    def call_with_cache(
+        self,
+        token_ids,
+        cache,
+        cache_update_index,
+    ):
+        """Forward pass of `GPT2CausalLM` with cache.
+
+        `call_with_cache` adds an additional forward pass for the model for
+        autoregressive inference. Unlike calling the model directly, this method
+        allows caching previous key/value Tensors in multi-head attention layer,
+        and avoids recomputing the outputs of seen tokens.
+
+        Args:
+            token_ids: a dense int Tensor with shape `(batch_size, max_length)`.
+            cache: a dense float Tensor, the cache of key and value.
+            cache_update_index: int, or int Tensor. The index of current inputs in the
+                whole sequence.
+
+        Returns:
+            A (logits, hidden_states, cache) tuple. Where `logits` is the
+            language model logits for the input token_ids, `hidden_states` is
+            the final hidden representation of the input tokens, and `cache` is
+            the decoding cache.
+        """
+        tokens = self.backbone.token_embedding(token_ids)
+        positions = self.backbone.position_embedding(
+            tokens, start_index=cache_update_index
+        )
+        x = self.backbone.embeddings_add((tokens, positions))
+        x = self.backbone.embeddings_dropout(x)
+        # Each decoder layer has a cache; we update them separately.
+        caches = []
+        for i, transformer_layer in enumerate(self.backbone.transformer_layers):
+            current_cache = cache[:, i, ...]
+            x, next_cache = transformer_layer(
+                x,
+                self_attention_cache=current_cache,
+                self_attention_cache_update_index=cache_update_index,
+            )
+            caches.append(next_cache)
+        cache = ops.stack(caches, axis=1)
+        hidden_states = x = self.backbone.layer_norm(x)
+        logits = self.backbone.token_embedding(x, reverse=True)
+        return logits, hidden_states, cache
+
+    def _build_cache(self, token_ids):
+        """Build an empty cache for use with `call_with_cache()`."""
+        batch_size = ops.shape(token_ids)[0]
+        max_length = ops.shape(token_ids)[1]
+        num_layers = self.backbone.num_layers
+        num_heads = self.backbone.num_heads
+        head_dim = self.backbone.hidden_dim // self.backbone.num_heads
+        shape = [batch_size, num_layers, 2, max_length, num_heads, head_dim]
+        cache = ops.zeros(shape, dtype=self.compute_dtype)
+        # Seed the cache.
+        _, hidden_states, cache = self.call_with_cache(token_ids, cache, 0)
+        return hidden_states, cache
+
+    def generate_step(
+        self,
+        inputs,
+        stop_token_ids=None,
+    ):
+        """A compilable generation function for a single batch of inputs.
+
+        This function represents the inner, XLA-compilable, generation function
+        for a single batch of inputs. Inputs should have the same structure as
+        model inputs, a dictionary with keys `"token_ids"` and `"padding_mask"`.
+
+        Args:
+            inputs: A dictionary with two keys `"token_ids"` and
+                `"padding_mask"` and batched tensor values.
+            stop_token_ids: List of id's of end token's to stop on. If all
+                sequences have produced a new stop token, generation
+                will stop.
+        """
+        token_ids, padding_mask = inputs["token_ids"], inputs["padding_mask"]
+        # Create and seed cache with a single forward pass.
+        hidden_states, cache = self._build_cache(token_ids)
+        # Compute the lengths of all user inputted tokens ids.
+        row_lengths = ops.sum(ops.cast(padding_mask, "int32"), axis=-1)
+        # Start at the first index that has no user inputted id.
+        index = ops.min(row_lengths)
+
+        def next(prompt, cache, index):
+            # The cache index is the index of our previous token.
+            cache_update_index = index - 1
+            batch_size = ops.shape(prompt)[0]
+            prompt = ops.slice(prompt, [0, cache_update_index], [batch_size, 1])
+            logits, hidden_states, cache = self.call_with_cache(
+                prompt,
+                cache,
+                cache_update_index,
+            )
+            return (
+                ops.squeeze(logits, axis=1),
+                ops.squeeze(hidden_states, axis=1),
+                cache,
+            )
+
+        token_ids = self.sampler(
+            next=next,
+            prompt=token_ids,
+            cache=cache,
+            index=index,
+            mask=padding_mask,
+            stop_token_ids=stop_token_ids,
+            hidden_states=hidden_states,
+            model=self,
+        )
+
+        # Compute an output padding mask with the token ids we updated.
+        if stop_token_ids is not None:
+            # Build a mask of stop tokens locations not in the original
+            # prompt (not in locations where `padding_mask` is True).
+            end_locations = any_equal(
+                token_ids, stop_token_ids, ops.logical_not(padding_mask)
+            )
+
+            end_locations = ops.cast(end_locations, "int32")
+            # Use cumsum to get ones in all locations after end_locations.
+            cumsum = ops.cast(ops.cumsum(end_locations, axis=-1), "int32")
+            overflow = cumsum - end_locations
+            # Our padding mask is the inverse of these overflow locations.
+            padding_mask = ops.logical_not(ops.cast(overflow, "bool"))
+        else:
+            # Without early stopping, all locations will have been updated.
+            padding_mask = ops.ones_like(token_ids, dtype="bool")
+        return {
+            "token_ids": token_ids,
+            "padding_mask": padding_mask,
+        }
+
+    def score(
+        self,
+        token_ids,
+        padding_mask=None,
+        scoring_mode="logits",
+        layer_intercept_fn=None,
+        target_ids=None,
+    ):
+        """Score a generation represented by the provided token ids.
+
+        Args:
+            token_ids: A <int>[batch_size, num_tokens] tensor containing tokens
+                to score. Typically, this tensor captures the output from a call
+                to `GPT2CausalLM.generate()`, i.e., tokens for both the input
+                text and the model-generated text.
+            padding_mask: A <bool>[batch_size, num_tokens] tensor indicating the
+                tokens that should be preserved during generation. This is an
+                artifact required by the `GPT2Backbone` and isn't influential on
+                the computation of this function. If omitted, this function uses
+                `keras.ops.ones()` to create a tensor of the appropriate shape.
+            scoring_mode: The type of scores to return, either "logits" or
+                "loss", both will be per input token.
+            layer_intercept_fn: An optional function for augmenting activations
+                with additional computation, for example, as part of
+                interpretability research. This function will be passed the
+                activations as its first parameter and a numeric index
+                associated with that backbone layer. This index is not an index
+                into `self.backbone.layers`. The index -1 accompanies the
+                embeddings returned by calling `self.backbone.token_embedding()`
+                on `token_ids` in the forward direction. All subsequent indexes
+                will be 0-based indices for the activations returned by each of
+                the Transformers layers in the backbone. This function must
+                return a <float>[batch_size, num_tokens, hidden_dims] tensor
+                that can be passed as an input to the next layer in the model.
+            target_ids: An <bool>[batch_size, num_tokens] tensor containing the
+                predicted tokens against which the loss should be computed. If a
+                span of tokens is provided (sequential truthy values along
+                axis=1 in the tensor), the loss will be computed as the
+                aggregate across those tokens.
+
+        Raises:
+            ValueError: If an unsupported scoring_mode is provided, or if the
+                target_ids are not provided when using ScoringMode.LOSS.
+
+        Returns:
+            The per-token scores as a tensor of size
+            <float>[batch_size, num_tokens, vocab_size] in "logits" mode, or
+            <float>[batch_size, num_tokens] in "loss" mode.
+
+        Example:
+
+        Compute gradients between embeddings and loss scores with TensorFlow:
+        ```python
+        gpt2_lm = keras_hub.models.GPT2CausalLM.from_preset("gpt2_base_en")
+        generations = gpt2_lm.generate(
+            ["This is a", "Where are you"],
+            max_length=30
+        )
+        preprocessed = gpt2_lm.preprocessor.generate_preprocess(generations)
+        generation_ids = preprocessed["token_ids"]
+        padding_mask = preprocessed["padding_mask"]
+        target_ids = keras.ops.roll(generation_ids, shift=-1, axis=1)
+
+        embeddings = None
+        with tf.GradientTape(watch_accessed_variables=True) as tape:
+            def layer_intercept_fn(x, i):
+                if i == -1:
+                    nonlocal embeddings, tape
+                    embeddings = x
+                    tape.watch(embeddings)
+                return x
+
+            losses = gpt2_lm.score(
+                token_ids=generation_ids,
+                padding_mask=padding_mask,
+                scoring_mode="loss",
+                layer_intercept_fn=layer_intercept_fn,
+                target_ids=target_ids,
+            )
+
+        grads = tape.gradient(losses, embeddings)
+        ```
+        """
+
+        if scoring_mode not in ("logits", "loss"):
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Unsupported scoring_mode. Must be one of 'logits' or 'loss'."
+            )
+
+        if scoring_mode == "loss" and target_ids is None:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Cannot compute loss without targets. Please provide target "
+                "token ids via the target_ids parameter."
+            )
+
+        batch_shape = ops.shape(token_ids)[:2]
+        assert len(batch_shape) == 2
+
+        if padding_mask is None:
+            padding_mask = ops.ones(shape=batch_shape)
+
+        if layer_intercept_fn is None:
+
+            def default_layer_intercept_fn(x, unused_i):
+                return x
+
+            layer_intercept_fn = default_layer_intercept_fn
+
+        token_embeddings = self.backbone.token_embedding(token_ids)
+        position_embeddings = self.backbone.position_embedding(token_embeddings)
+        summed_embeddings = self.backbone.embeddings_add(
+            (token_embeddings, position_embeddings)
+        )
+        x = layer_intercept_fn(summed_embeddings, -1)
+        x = self.backbone.embeddings_dropout(x)
+
+        for i, transformer_layer in enumerate(self.backbone.transformer_layers):
+            x = transformer_layer(x, decoder_padding_mask=padding_mask)
+            x = layer_intercept_fn(x, i)
+        x = self.backbone.layer_norm(x)
+        logits = self.backbone.token_embedding(x, reverse=True)
+
+        if scoring_mode == "logits":
+            return logits
+
+        per_token_loss_fn = keras.losses.SparseCategoricalCrossentropy(
+            from_logits=True, reduction="none"
+        )
+        per_token_loss = per_token_loss_fn(target_ids, logits)
+        return per_token_loss

keras_hub/src/models/gpt2/gpt2_causal_lm_preprocessor.py

@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+# Copyright 2024 The KerasHub Authors
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+import keras
+from absl import logging
+
+from keras_hub.src.api_export import keras_hub_export
+from keras_hub.src.models.gpt2.gpt2_preprocessor import GPT2Preprocessor
+from keras_hub.src.utils.keras_utils import (
+    convert_inputs_to_list_of_tensor_segments,
+)
+from keras_hub.src.utils.tensor_utils import strip_to_ragged
+
+
+@keras_hub_export("keras_hub.models.GPT2CausalLMPreprocessor")
+class GPT2CausalLMPreprocessor(GPT2Preprocessor):
+    """GPT2 Causal LM preprocessor.
+
+    This preprocessing layer is meant for use with
+    `keras_hub.models.GPT2CausalLM`. By default, it will take in batches of
+    strings, and return outputs in a `(x, y, sample_weight)` format, where the
+    `y` label is the next token id in the `x` sequence.
+
+    For use with generation, the layer also exposes two methods
+    `generate_preprocess()` and `generate_postprocess()`. When this preprocessor
+    is attached to a `keras_hub.models.GPT2CausalLM` instance, these methods
+    will be called implicitly in `generate()`. They can also be called
+    standalone (e.g. to precompute preprocessing inputs for generation in a
+    separate process).
+
+    Args:
+        tokenizer: A `keras_hub.models.GPT2Tokenizer` instance.
+        sequence_length: The length of the packed inputs.
+        add_start_token: If `True`, the preprocessor will prepend the tokenizer
+            start token to each input sequence.
+        add_end_token: If `True`, the preprocessor will append the tokenizer
+            end token to each input sequence.
+
+    Call arguments:
+        x: A string, `tf.Tensor` or list of python strings.
+        y: Label data. Should always be `None` as the layer generates labels.
+        sample_weight: Label weights. Should always be `None` as the layer
+            generates label weights.
+        sequence_length: Pass to override the configured `sequence_length` of
+            the layer.
+
+    Examples:
+    ```python
+    # Load the preprocessor from a preset.
+    preprocessor = keras_hub.models.GPT2CausalLMPreprocessor.from_preset(
+        "gpt2_base_en"
+    )
+
+    # Tokenize and pack a single sentence.
+    sentence = tf.constant("League of legends")
+    preprocessor(sentence)
+    # Same output.
+    preprocessor("League of legends")
+
+    # Tokenize a batch of sentences.
+    sentences = tf.constant(["Taco tuesday", "Fish taco please!"])
+    preprocessor(sentences)
+    # Same output.
+    preprocessor(["Taco tuesday", "Fish taco please!"])
+
+    # Map a dataset to preprocess a single sentence.
+    features = tf.constant(
+        [
+            "Avatar 2 is amazing!",
+            "Well, I am not sure.",
+        ]
+    )
+    labels = tf.constant([1, 0])
+    ds = tf.data.Dataset.from_tensor_slices((features, labels))
+    ds = ds.map(preprocessor, num_parallel_calls=tf.data.AUTOTUNE)
+
+    # Map a dataset to preprocess unlabled sentences.
+    ds = tf.data.Dataset.from_tensor_slices(features)
+    ds = ds.map(preprocessor, num_parallel_calls=tf.data.AUTOTUNE)
+    ```
+    """
+
+    def call(
+        self,
+        x,
+        y=None,
+        sample_weight=None,
+        sequence_length=None,
+    ):
+        if y is not None or sample_weight is not None:
+            logging.warning(
+                "`GPT2CausalLMPreprocessor` generates `y` and `sample_weight` "
+                "based on your input data, but your data already contains `y` "
+                "or `sample_weight`. Your `y` and `sample_weight` will be "
+                "ignored."
+            )
+        sequence_length = sequence_length or self.sequence_length
+
+        x = convert_inputs_to_list_of_tensor_segments(x)[0]
+        x = self.tokenizer(x)
+        # Pad with one extra token to account for the truncation below.
+        token_ids, padding_mask = self.packer(
+            x,
+            sequence_length=sequence_length + 1,
+            add_start_value=self.add_start_token,
+            add_end_value=self.add_end_token,
+        )
+        # The last token does not have a next token, so we truncate it out.
+        x = {
+            "token_ids": token_ids[..., :-1],
+            "padding_mask": padding_mask[..., :-1],
+        }
+        # Target `y` will be the next token.
+        y, sample_weight = token_ids[..., 1:], padding_mask[..., 1:]
+        return keras.utils.pack_x_y_sample_weight(x, y, sample_weight)
+
+    def generate_preprocess(
+        self,
+        x,
+        sequence_length=None,
+    ):
+        """Convert strings to integer token input for generation.
+
+        Similar to calling the layer for training, this method takes in strings
+        or tensor strings, tokenizes and packs the input, and computes a padding
+        mask masking all inputs not filled in with a padded value.
+
+        Unlike calling the layer for training, this method does not compute
+        labels and will never append a `tokenizer.end_token_id` to the end of
+        the sequence (as generation is expected to continue at the end of the
+        inputted prompt).
+        """
+        if not self.built:
+            self.build(None)
+
+        x = convert_inputs_to_list_of_tensor_segments(x)[0]
+        x = self.tokenizer(x)
+        token_ids, padding_mask = self.packer(
+            x, sequence_length=sequence_length, add_end_value=False
+        )
+        return {
+            "token_ids": token_ids,
+            "padding_mask": padding_mask,
+        }
+
+    def generate_postprocess(
+        self,
+        x,
+    ):
+        """Convert integer token output to strings for generation.
+
+        This method reverses `generate_preprocess()`, by first removing all
+        padding and start/end tokens, and then converting the integer sequence
+        back to a string.
+        """
+        if not self.built:
+            self.build(None)
+
+        token_ids, padding_mask = x["token_ids"], x["padding_mask"]
+        ids_to_strip = (self.tokenizer.end_token_id,)
+        token_ids = strip_to_ragged(token_ids, padding_mask, ids_to_strip)
+        return self.tokenizer.detokenize(token_ids)