opencode-skills-collection 4.0.52 → 4.0.54

package/bundled-skills/fp-async/SKILL.md

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ name: fp-async
 description: Practical async patterns using TaskEither - clean pipelines instead of try/catch hell, with real API examples
 risk: critical
 source: community
+date_added: "2026-09-04"
 version: 1.0.0
 author: kadu
 tags:
@@ -22,6 +23,10 @@ Stop writing nested try/catch blocks. Stop losing error context. Start building
 
 **TaskEither is simply an async operation that tracks success or failure.** That's it. No fancy terminology needed.
 
+## Detailed Guide
+
+Read [the detailed guide](references/detailed-guide.md) before executing this skill. It retains the complete procedure and reference material. Treat its safety, prerequisites, and validation requirements as mandatory. For focused work, load the relevant sections; for end-to-end work, read the guide completely.
+
 ## When to Use
 - You need async error handling in TypeScript with `TaskEither`.
 - The task involves wrapping Promises, composing API calls, or replacing nested `try/catch` flows.
@@ -34,483 +39,6 @@ Stop writing nested try/catch blocks. Stop losing error context. Start building
 
 ---
 
-## 1. Wrapping Promises Safely
-
-### The Problem: Try/Catch Everywhere
-
-```typescript
-// BEFORE: Try/catch hell
-async function getUserData(userId: string) {
-  try {
-    const response = await fetch(`/api/users/${userId}`)
-    if (!response.ok) {
-      throw new Error(`HTTP ${response.status}`)
-    }
-    const user = await response.json()
-
-    try {
-      const posts = await fetch(`/api/users/${userId}/posts`)
-      if (!posts.ok) {
-        throw new Error(`HTTP ${posts.status}`)
-      }
-      const postsData = await posts.json()
-      return { user, posts: postsData }
-    } catch (postsError) {
-      // Now what? Return partial data? Rethrow? Log?
-      console.error('Failed to fetch posts:', postsError)
-      return { user, posts: [] }
-    }
-  } catch (error) {
-    // Lost all context about what failed
-    console.error('Something failed:', error)
-    throw error
-  }
-}
-```
-
-### The Solution: Wrap Once, Handle Cleanly
-
-```typescript
-import * as TE from 'fp-ts/TaskEither'
-import * as E from 'fp-ts/Either'
-import { pipe } from 'fp-ts/function'
-
-// One wrapper function - reuse everywhere
-const fetchJson = <T>(url: string): TE.TaskEither<Error, T> =>
-  TE.tryCatch(
-    async () => {
-      const response = await fetch(url)
-      if (!response.ok) {
-        throw new Error(`HTTP ${response.status}: ${response.statusText}`)
-      }
-      return response.json()
-    },
-    (error) => error instanceof Error ? error : new Error(String(error))
-  )
-
-// AFTER: Clean and composable
-const getUser = (userId: string) => fetchJson<User>(`/api/users/${userId}`)
-const getPosts = (userId: string) => fetchJson<Post[]>(`/api/users/${userId}/posts`)
-```
-
-### tryCatch Explained
-
-`TE.tryCatch` takes two things:
-1. An async function that might throw
-2. A function to convert the thrown value into your error type
-
-```typescript
-TE.tryCatch(
-  () => somePromise,           // The async work
-  (thrown) => toError(thrown)  // Convert failures to your error type
-)
-```
-
-### Creating Success and Failure Values
-
-```typescript
-// Wrap a value as success
-const success = TE.right<Error, number>(42)
-
-// Wrap a value as failure
-const failure = TE.left<Error, number>(new Error('Nope'))
-
-// From a nullable value (null/undefined becomes error)
-const fromNullable = TE.fromNullable(new Error('Value was null'))
-const result = fromNullable(maybeUser) // TaskEither<Error, User>
-
-// From a condition
-const mustBePositive = TE.fromPredicate(
-  (n: number) => n > 0,
-  (n) => new Error(`Expected positive, got ${n}`)
-)
-```
-
----
-
-## 2. Chaining Async Operations
-
-### The Problem: Callback Hell / Nested Awaits
-
-```typescript
-// BEFORE: Deeply nested, hard to follow
-async function processOrder(orderId: string) {
-  try {
-    const order = await fetchOrder(orderId)
-    if (!order) throw new Error('Order not found')
-
-    try {
-      const user = await fetchUser(order.userId)
-      if (!user) throw new Error('User not found')
-
-      try {
-        const inventory = await checkInventory(order.items)
-        if (!inventory.available) throw new Error('Out of stock')
-
-        try {
-          const payment = await chargePayment(user, order.total)
-          if (!payment.success) throw new Error('Payment failed')
-
-          try {
-            const shipment = await createShipment(order, user)
-            return { order, shipment, payment }
-          } catch (e) {
-            // Refund payment? Log? What's the state now?
-            await refundPayment(payment.id)
-            throw e
-          }
-        } catch (e) {
-          throw e
-        }
-      } catch (e) {
-        throw e
-      }
-    } catch (e) {
-      throw e
-    }
-  } catch (e) {
-    console.error('Order processing failed', e)
-    throw e
-  }
-}
-```
-
-### The Solution: Clean Pipelines with chain
-
-```typescript
-// AFTER: Flat, readable pipeline
-const processOrder = (orderId: string) =>
-  pipe(
-    fetchOrder(orderId),
-    TE.chain(order => fetchUser(order.userId)),
-    TE.chain(user =>
-      pipe(
-        checkInventory(order.items),
-        TE.chain(inventory => chargePayment(user, order.total))
-      )
-    ),
-    TE.chain(payment => createShipment(order, user, payment))
-  )
-```
-
-### chain vs map
-
-Use `map` when your transformation is synchronous and can't fail:
-
-```typescript
-pipe(
-  fetchUser(userId),
-  TE.map(user => user.name.toUpperCase())  // Just transforms the value
-)
-```
-
-Use `chain` (or `flatMap`) when your transformation is async or can fail:
-
-```typescript
-pipe(
-  fetchUser(userId),
-  TE.chain(user => fetchOrders(user.id))  // Returns another TaskEither
-)
-```
-
-### Building Context with Do Notation
-
-When you need values from multiple steps:
-
-```typescript
-// BEFORE: Have to thread values through manually
-const processOrderManual = (orderId: string) =>
-  pipe(
-    fetchOrder(orderId),
-    TE.chain(order =>
-      pipe(
-        fetchUser(order.userId),
-        TE.chain(user =>
-          pipe(
-            chargePayment(user, order.total),
-            TE.map(payment => ({ order, user, payment }))
-          )
-        )
-      )
-    )
-  )
-
-// AFTER: Do notation keeps everything accessible
-const processOrder = (orderId: string) =>
-  pipe(
-    TE.Do,
-    TE.bind('order', () => fetchOrder(orderId)),
-    TE.bind('user', ({ order }) => fetchUser(order.userId)),
-    TE.bind('payment', ({ user, order }) => chargePayment(user, order.total)),
-    TE.bind('shipment', ({ order, user }) => createShipment(order, user)),
-    TE.map(({ order, payment, shipment }) => ({
-      orderId: order.id,
-      paymentId: payment.id,
-      trackingNumber: shipment.tracking
-    }))
-  )
-```
-
----
-
-## 3. Parallel vs Sequential Execution
-
-### When to Use Each
-
-**Sequential** (one after another):
-- When each operation depends on the previous result
-- When you need to respect rate limits
-- When order matters
-
-**Parallel** (all at once):
-- When operations are independent
-- When you want speed
-- When fetching multiple resources by ID
-
-### Sequential Chaining
-
-```typescript
-// Operations depend on each other - must be sequential
-const getUserWithOrg = (userId: string) =>
-  pipe(
-    fetchUser(userId),                              // First: get user
-    TE.chain(user => fetchTeam(user.teamId)),      // Then: get their team
-    TE.chain(team => fetchOrganization(team.orgId)) // Finally: get org
-  )
-```
-
-### Parallel Execution
-
-```typescript
-import { sequenceT } from 'fp-ts/Apply'
-
-// Independent operations - run in parallel
-const getDashboardData = (userId: string) =>
-  sequenceT(TE.ApplyPar)(
-    fetchUser(userId),
-    fetchNotifications(userId),
-    fetchRecentActivity(userId)
-  ) // Returns TaskEither<Error, [User, Notification[], Activity[]]>
-
-// With destructuring:
-const getDashboard = (userId: string) =>
-  pipe(
-    sequenceT(TE.ApplyPar)(
-      fetchUser(userId),
-      fetchNotifications(userId),
-      fetchRecentActivity(userId)
-    ),
-    TE.map(([user, notifications, activities]) => ({
-      user,
-      notifications,
-      activities,
-      unreadCount: notifications.filter(n => !n.read).length
-    }))
-  )
-```
-
-### Parallel Array Operations
-
-```typescript
-// Fetch multiple users in parallel
-const userIds = ['1', '2', '3', '4', '5']
-
-// TE.traverseArray runs all fetches in parallel
-const fetchAllUsers = pipe(
-  userIds,
-  TE.traverseArray(fetchUser)
-) // TaskEither<Error, readonly User[]>
-
-// Note: Fails fast - if ANY request fails, the whole thing fails
-// All errors after the first are lost
-```
-
-### Parallel with Batch Control
-
-When you need to limit concurrent requests:
-
-```typescript
-const chunk = <T>(arr: T[], size: number): T[][] => {
-  const chunks: T[][] = []
-  for (let i = 0; i < arr.length; i += size) {
-    chunks.push(arr.slice(i, i + size))
-  }
-  return chunks
-}
-
-// Process in batches of 5 concurrent requests
-const fetchUsersWithLimit = (userIds: string[]) => {
-  const batches = chunk(userIds, 5)
-
-  return pipe(
-    batches,
-    // Process batches sequentially
-    TE.traverseArray(batch =>
-      // But within each batch, run in parallel
-      pipe(batch, TE.traverseArray(fetchUser))
-    ),
-    TE.map(results => results.flat())
-  )
-}
-```
-
-### Sequential When Parallel Looks Tempting
-
-```typescript
-// WRONG: This looks parallel but order might matter for DB operations
-const createUserAndProfile = (userData: UserData) =>
-  sequenceT(TE.ApplyPar)(
-    createUser(userData),           // Creates user with ID
-    createProfile(userData.profile) // Needs user ID - race condition!
-  )
-
-// RIGHT: Sequential when there's a dependency
-const createUserAndProfile = (userData: UserData) =>
-  pipe(
-    createUser(userData),
-    TE.chain(user =>
-      pipe(
-        createProfile(user.id, userData.profile),
-        TE.map(profile => ({ user, profile }))
-      )
-    )
-  )
-```
-
----
-
-## 4. Error Recovery Patterns
-
-### Fallback to Alternative
-
-```typescript
-// Try primary API, fall back to cache
-const getUserWithFallback = (userId: string) =>
-  pipe(
-    fetchUserFromApi(userId),
-    TE.orElse(() => fetchUserFromCache(userId))
-  )
-
-// Chain multiple fallbacks
-const getConfigRobust = () =>
-  pipe(
-    fetchRemoteConfig(),
-    TE.orElse(() => loadLocalConfig()),
-    TE.orElse(() => TE.right(defaultConfig))
-  )
-```
-
-### Conditional Recovery
-
-```typescript
-// Only recover from specific errors
-const fetchUserOrCreate = (userId: string) =>
-  pipe(
-    fetchUser(userId),
-    TE.orElse(error =>
-      error.message.includes('404') || error.message.includes('not found')
-        ? createDefaultUser(userId)
-        : TE.left(error)  // Re-throw other errors
-    )
-  )
-```
-
-### Typed Error Recovery
-
-```typescript
-type ApiError =
-  | { _tag: 'NotFound'; id: string }
-  | { _tag: 'NetworkError'; cause: Error }
-  | { _tag: 'Unauthorized' }
-
-const fetchUser = (id: string): TE.TaskEither<ApiError, User> =>
-  TE.tryCatch(
-    async () => {
-      const res = await fetch(`/api/users/${id}`)
-      if (res.status === 404) throw { _tag: 'NotFound', id }
-      if (res.status === 401) throw { _tag: 'Unauthorized' }
-      if (!res.ok) throw { _tag: 'NetworkError', cause: new Error(`HTTP ${res.status}`) }
-      return res.json()
-    },
-    (e): ApiError =>
-      typeof e === 'object' && e !== null && '_tag' in e
-        ? e as ApiError
-        : { _tag: 'NetworkError', cause: e instanceof Error ? e : new Error(String(e)) }
-  )
-
-// Handle specific errors differently
-const getUserOrGuest = (userId: string) =>
-  pipe(
-    fetchUser(userId),
-    TE.orElse(error => {
-      switch (error._tag) {
-        case 'NotFound':
-          return TE.right(createGuestUser())
-        case 'Unauthorized':
-          return TE.left(error) // Propagate auth errors
-        case 'NetworkError':
-          return fetchUserFromCache(userId) // Try cache on network issues
-      }
-    })
-  )
-```
-
-### Retry with Exponential Backoff
-
-```typescript
-import * as T from 'fp-ts/Task'
-
-const wait = (ms: number): T.Task<void> =>
-  () => new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, ms))
-
-const retry = <E, A>(
-  operation: TE.TaskEither<E, A>,
-  maxAttempts: number,
-  baseDelayMs: number = 1000
-): TE.TaskEither<E, A> => {
-  const attempt = (remaining: number, delay: number): TE.TaskEither<E, A> =>
-    pipe(
-      operation,
-      TE.orElse(error =>
-        remaining <= 1
-          ? TE.left(error)
-          : pipe(
-              TE.fromTask(wait(delay)),
-              TE.chain(() => attempt(remaining - 1, delay * 2))
-            )
-      )
-    )
-
-  return attempt(maxAttempts, baseDelayMs)
-}
-
-// Usage
-const fetchUserWithRetry = (userId: string) =>
-  retry(fetchUser(userId), 3, 1000)
-  // Attempts: immediate, 1s, 2s delays between retries
-```
-
-### Default Values
-
-```typescript
-// Get value or use default (removes the error channel)
-const getUsernameOrDefault = (userId: string) =>
-  pipe(
-    fetchUser(userId),
-    TE.map(user => user.name),
-    TE.getOrElse(() => T.of('Anonymous'))
-  ) // Task<string> - no more error tracking
-
-// Keep error channel but provide fallback value
-const getUserWithDefault = (userId: string) =>
-  pipe(
-    fetchUser(userId),
-    TE.orElse(() => TE.right(defaultUser))
-  ) // TaskEither<Error, User> - error channel still exists but always succeeds
-```
-
----
-
 ## 5. Real API Examples
 
 ### Complete Fetch Wrapper
@@ -731,245 +259,6 @@ const loadConfig = () =>
 
 ---
 
-## 6. Handling Results
-
-### Pattern Matching with fold/match
-
-```typescript
-// fold: Handle both success and failure, returns a Task (no more error channel)
-const displayResult = pipe(
-  fetchUser(userId),
-  TE.fold(
-    (error) => T.of(`Error: ${error.message}`),
-    (user) => T.of(`Welcome, ${user.name}!`)
-  )
-) // Task<string>
-
-// Execute and get the string
-const message = await displayResult()
-```
-
-### Getting the Raw Either
-
-```typescript
-// Sometimes you need to work with the Either directly
-const result = await fetchUser(userId)() // Either<Error, User>
-
-if (E.isLeft(result)) {
-  console.error('Failed:', result.left)
-} else {
-  console.log('User:', result.right)
-}
-```
-
-### In Express/Hono Handlers
-
-```typescript
-// Express
-app.get('/users/:id', async (req, res) => {
-  const result = await pipe(
-    fetchUser(req.params.id),
-    TE.fold(
-      (error) => T.of({ status: 500, body: { error: error.message } }),
-      (user) => T.of({ status: 200, body: user })
-    )
-  )()
-
-  res.status(result.status).json(result.body)
-})
-
-// Cleaner with a helper
-const sendResult = <E, A>(
-  res: Response,
-  te: TE.TaskEither<E, A>,
-  errorStatus: number = 500
-) =>
-  pipe(
-    te,
-    TE.fold(
-      (error) => T.of(res.status(errorStatus).json({ error })),
-      (data) => T.of(res.json(data))
-    )
-  )()
-
-app.get('/users/:id', async (req, res) => {
-  await sendResult(res, fetchUser(req.params.id), 404)
-})
-```
-
----
-
-## 7. Common Patterns Reference
-
-### Quick Transformations
-
-```typescript
-// Transform success value
-TE.map(user => user.name)
-
-// Transform error
-TE.mapLeft(error => ({ ...error, timestamp: Date.now() }))
-
-// Transform both at once
-TE.bimap(
-  error => enhanceError(error),
-  user => user.profile
-)
-```
-
-### Filtering
-
-```typescript
-// Fail if condition not met
-pipe(
-  fetchUser(userId),
-  TE.filterOrElse(
-    user => user.isActive,
-    user => new Error(`User ${user.id} is not active`)
-  )
-)
-```
-
-### Side Effects Without Changing Value
-
-```typescript
-// Log on success, keep the value unchanged
-pipe(
-  fetchUser(userId),
-  TE.tap(user => TE.fromIO(() => console.log(`Fetched user: ${user.id}`)))
-)
-
-// Log on error, keep the error unchanged
-pipe(
-  fetchUser(userId),
-  TE.tapError(error => TE.fromIO(() => console.error(`Failed: ${error.message}`)))
-)
-
-// chainFirst is like tap but for operations that return TaskEither
-pipe(
-  createUser(userData),
-  TE.chainFirst(user => sendWelcomeEmail(user.email))
-) // Returns the created user, not the email result
-```
-
-### Converting From Other Types
-
-```typescript
-// From Either
-const fromEither = TE.fromEither(E.right(42))
-
-// From Option
-import * as O from 'fp-ts/Option'
-const fromOption = TE.fromOption(() => new Error('Value was None'))
-const result = fromOption(O.some(42))
-
-// From boolean
-const fromBoolean = TE.fromPredicate(
-  (x: number) => x > 0,
-  () => new Error('Must be positive')
-)
-```
-
----
-
-## Quick Reference Card
-
-| What you want | How to do it |
-|---------------|--------------|
-| Wrap a promise | `TE.tryCatch(() => promise, toError)` |
-| Create success | `TE.right(value)` |
-| Create failure | `TE.left(error)` |
-| Transform value | `TE.map(fn)` |
-| Transform error | `TE.mapLeft(fn)` |
-| Chain async ops | `TE.chain(fn)` or `TE.flatMap(fn)` |
-| Run in parallel | `sequenceT(TE.ApplyPar)(te1, te2, te3)` |
-| Array in parallel | `TE.traverseArray(fn)(items)` |
-| Recover from error | `TE.orElse(fn)` |
-| Use default value | `TE.getOrElse(() => T.of(default))` |
-| Handle both cases | `TE.fold(onError, onSuccess)` |
-| Build up context | `TE.Do` + `TE.bind('name', () => te)` |
-| Log without changing | `TE.tap(fn)` |
-| Filter with error | `TE.filterOrElse(pred, toError)` |
-
----
-
-## Before/After Summary
-
-### Fetching Data
-
-```typescript
-// BEFORE
-async function getUser(id: string) {
-  try {
-    const res = await fetch(`/api/users/${id}`)
-    if (!res.ok) throw new Error('Not found')
-    return await res.json()
-  } catch (e) {
-    console.error(e)
-    return null
-  }
-}
-
-// AFTER
-const getUser = (id: string) =>
-  TE.tryCatch(
-    async () => {
-      const res = await fetch(`/api/users/${id}`)
-      if (!res.ok) throw new Error('Not found')
-      return res.json()
-    },
-    E.toError
-  )
-```
-
-### Chained Operations
-
-```typescript
-// BEFORE
-async function processOrder(orderId: string) {
-  const order = await fetchOrder(orderId)
-  if (!order) throw new Error('No order')
-  const user = await fetchUser(order.userId)
-  if (!user) throw new Error('No user')
-  const result = await chargePayment(user, order.total)
-  return result
-}
-
-// AFTER
-const processOrder = (orderId: string) =>
-  pipe(
-    TE.Do,
-    TE.bind('order', () => fetchOrder(orderId)),
-    TE.bind('user', ({ order }) => fetchUser(order.userId)),
-    TE.chain(({ user, order }) => chargePayment(user, order.total))
-  )
-```
-
-### Error Recovery
-
-```typescript
-// BEFORE
-async function getData(id: string) {
-  try {
-    return await fetchFromApi(id)
-  } catch {
-    try {
-      return await fetchFromCache(id)
-    } catch {
-      return defaultValue
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-// AFTER
-const getData = (id: string) =>
-  pipe(
-    fetchFromApi(id),
-    TE.orElse(() => fetchFromCache(id)),
-    TE.getOrElse(() => T.of(defaultValue))
-  )
-```
-
 ## Limitations
 - Use this skill only when the task clearly matches the scope described above.
 - Do not treat the output as a substitute for environment-specific validation, testing, or expert review.