@blamejs/core 0.7.18 → 0.7.19

package/lib/mail.js

@@ -1,981 +1,981 @@
-"use strict";
-/**
- * mail — message contract + pluggable transports.
- *
- * Both the contract and the transport surface ship together. Operators
- * can also pass any function or `{ send }` object as a custom transport.
- *
- *   mail.transports.console — logs message to stderr (dev default)
- *   mail.transports.memory  — captures into a `sent[]` array (tests)
- *   mail.transports.smtp    — raw RFC 5321 over net/tls with STARTTLS,
- *                             AUTH LOGIN, and PQC-friendly TLS opts
- *   mail.transports.http    — generic HTTP-API transport: operator
- *                             supplies endpoint, headers, serialize(),
- *                             and interpret() — works with any vendor
- *                             that speaks JSON-over-HTTPS (Postmark,
- *                             Mailgun, SES HTTP, SendGrid, Resend, …)
- *   mail.transports.resend  — thin preset that wires http to the
- *                             Resend API (illustrates the pattern)
- *
- * Public API:
- *
- *   mail.create({ transport?, defaults?, audit? }) → instance
- *
- *     transport — function(message) | { send(message) }; default: console.
- *     defaults  — { from, replyTo, headers, ... } merged into every
- *                 message unless the message overrides.
- *     audit     — emit mail.send.success / .failure audit events
- *                 (default true).
- *
- *   await instance.send(message)
- *     message: {
- *       to:       "x@y" | ["x@y", ...]
- *       cc:       string | string[]
- *       bcc:      string | string[]
- *       from:     "Name <noreply@app>"        (or instance default)
- *       replyTo:  "..."
- *       subject:  "..."
- *       text:     "plain body"                (at least one of text/html)
- *       html:     "<p>...</p>"
- *       headers:  { "X-Custom": "v" }         (merged with defaults)
- *       attachments: [{
- *         filename:           "report.pdf",        // required
- *         content:             buf,                // Buffer or string
- *         contentType:         "application/pdf",  // default application/octet-stream
- *         contentDisposition:  "attachment",       // or "inline"
- *         cid:                 "logo-1",            // for inline images:
- *                                                  // <img src="cid:logo-1">
- *       }, ...]
- *     }
- *     → whatever the transport returned
- *
- * When attachments are present the SMTP transport wraps the body in
- * multipart/mixed; text+html bodies still use multipart/alternative
- * inside. Resend's http preset forwards attachments via the Resend API
- * shape (base64 content + content_id for inline). Operators wiring
- * other vendors against httpTransport include attachments in their
- * own serialize() per-vendor.
- *
- * Validation surface uses MailError (FrameworkError subclass) with
- * permanent flag. Distinct codes per failure: missing-to, missing-from,
- * missing-body, invalid-recipient, transport-failed, smtp-*, http-*,
- * resend-*. Vendor-specific presets carry their own code prefix so
- * diagnostic logs identify the provider that rejected the message.
- */
-var C = require("./constants");
-var crypto = require("./crypto");
-var lazyRequire = require("./lazy-require");
-var safeBuffer = require("./safe-buffer");
-var audit = lazyRequire(function () { return require("./audit"); });
-var httpClient = lazyRequire(function () { return require("./http-client"); });
-var guardEmail = lazyRequire(function () { return require("./guard-email"); });
-var mailDkim = require("./mail-dkim");
-var net = lazyRequire(function () { return require("net"); });
-var tls = lazyRequire(function () { return require("tls"); });
-var safeJson = require("./safe-json");
-var safeSchema = require("./safe-schema");
-var validateOpts = require("./validate-opts");
-var { FrameworkError } = require("./framework-error");
-
-// Cap on responses parsed from upstream mail providers (Resend, etc.).
-// Vendor responses are tiny in spec; 256 KiB is generous headroom.
-var MAIL_RESPONSE_MAX_BYTES = C.BYTES.kib(256);
-
-class MailError extends FrameworkError {
-  constructor(code, message, permanent, statusCode) {
-    super(message, code);
-    this.name = "MailError";
-    this.permanent = !!permanent;
-    this.isMailError = true;
-    if (typeof statusCode === "number") this.statusCode = statusCode;
-  }
-}
-
-// Pragmatic email regex — shared with forms.validate / safe-schema.
-// RFC 5322 in a regex is a fool's errand; this catches obvious nonsense
-// and lets real-world addresses through.
-var EMAIL_RE = safeSchema.EMAIL_RE;
-// RFC 5321 §4.5.3.1.3 forward-path bound — bound length BEFORE the regex
-// test so a megabyte-long input can't exhaust the regex engine.
-var EMAIL_MAX_LEN = 254;
-
-function _isValidEmail(addr) {
-  return typeof addr === "string" && addr.length > 0 &&
-    addr.length <= EMAIL_MAX_LEN && EMAIL_RE.test(addr);
-}
-
-function _normalizeRecipientList(value, label) {
-  if (value === undefined || value === null) return [];
-  var arr = Array.isArray(value) ? value : [value];
-  for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
-    if (typeof arr[i] !== "string" || arr[i].length === 0) {
-      throw new MailError("mail/invalid-recipient",
-        label + "[" + i + "] must be a non-empty string", true);
-    }
-    // CRLF/NUL in addresses → header injection. Reject hard.
-    if (/[\r\n\0]/.test(arr[i])) {
-      throw new MailError("mail/invalid-recipient",
-        label + "[" + i + "] contains forbidden control characters", true);
-    }
-    // Accept "Name <email@addr>" form too — extract the angle-bracket
-    // address for validation; preserve the full string in the message.
-    var bracket = arr[i].match(/<([^>]+)>/);
-    var addr = bracket ? bracket[1] : arr[i];
-    if (!_isValidEmail(addr.trim())) {
-      throw new MailError("mail/invalid-recipient",
-        label + " '" + arr[i] + "' is not a valid email address", true);
-    }
-  }
-  return arr;
-}
-
-function _validateMessage(message) {
-  if (!message || typeof message !== "object") {
-    throw new MailError("mail/missing-message", "send() requires a message object", true);
-  }
-  var to = _normalizeRecipientList(message.to, "to");
-  if (to.length === 0) {
-    throw new MailError("mail/missing-to", "message.to is required (one or more recipients)", true);
-  }
-  _normalizeRecipientList(message.cc,  "cc");
-  _normalizeRecipientList(message.bcc, "bcc");
-
-  if (!message.from || typeof message.from !== "string") {
-    throw new MailError("mail/missing-from", "message.from is required", true);
-  }
-  if (/[\r\n\0]/.test(message.from)) {
-    throw new MailError("mail/invalid-from",
-      "message.from contains forbidden control characters", true);
-  }
-  var fromBracket = message.from.match(/<([^>]+)>/);
-  var fromAddr = fromBracket ? fromBracket[1] : message.from;
-  if (!_isValidEmail(fromAddr.trim())) {
-    throw new MailError("mail/invalid-from",
-      "message.from '" + message.from + "' is not a valid email address", true);
-  }
-  if (message.subject && safeBuffer.hasCrlf(message.subject)) {
-    throw new MailError("mail/invalid-subject",
-      "message.subject contains forbidden CRLF", true);
-  }
-
-  if (!message.text && !message.html && !message.calendar) {
-    throw new MailError("mail/missing-body",
-      "message must include at least one of text, html, or calendar", true);
-  }
-
-  if (message.calendar !== undefined) {
-    if (!message.calendar || typeof message.calendar !== "object") {
-      throw new MailError("mail/invalid-calendar",
-        "message.calendar must be an object { method, icalText }", true);
-    }
-    var ALLOWED_METHODS = ["REQUEST", "CANCEL", "REPLY", "PUBLISH", "COUNTER", "REFRESH", "ADD", "DECLINECOUNTER"];
-    if (typeof message.calendar.method !== "string" ||
-        ALLOWED_METHODS.indexOf(message.calendar.method) === -1) {
-      throw new MailError("mail/invalid-calendar",
-        "calendar.method must be one of: " + ALLOWED_METHODS.join(", "), true);
-    }
-    if (typeof message.calendar.icalText !== "string" ||
-        message.calendar.icalText.length === 0) {
-      throw new MailError("mail/invalid-calendar",
-        "calendar.icalText is required (non-empty string)", true);
-    }
-    if (!/^BEGIN:VCALENDAR/.test(message.calendar.icalText)) {
-      throw new MailError("mail/invalid-calendar",
-        "calendar.icalText must start with 'BEGIN:VCALENDAR' (RFC 5545)", true);
-    }
-  }
-
-  if (message.attachments !== undefined) {
-    if (!Array.isArray(message.attachments)) {
-      throw new MailError("mail/invalid-attachments",
-        "message.attachments must be an array", true);
-    }
-    for (var i = 0; i < message.attachments.length; i++) {
-      var att = message.attachments[i];
-      if (!att || typeof att !== "object") {
-        throw new MailError("mail/invalid-attachment",
-          "attachments[" + i + "] must be an object", true);
-      }
-      if (typeof att.filename !== "string" || att.filename.length === 0) {
-        throw new MailError("mail/invalid-attachment",
-          "attachments[" + i + "].filename must be a non-empty string", true);
-      }
-      if (/[\r\n\0]/.test(att.filename)) {
-        throw new MailError("mail/invalid-attachment",
-          "attachments[" + i + "].filename contains forbidden control characters", true);
-      }
-      if (att.content === undefined || att.content === null) {
-        throw new MailError("mail/invalid-attachment",
-          "attachments[" + i + "].content is required (Buffer or string)", true);
-      }
-      if (!Buffer.isBuffer(att.content) && typeof att.content !== "string") {
-        throw new MailError("mail/invalid-attachment",
-          "attachments[" + i + "].content must be a Buffer or string", true);
-      }
-      if (att.contentType !== undefined &&
-          (typeof att.contentType !== "string" || /[\r\n\0]/.test(att.contentType))) {
-        throw new MailError("mail/invalid-attachment",
-          "attachments[" + i + "].contentType must be a clean string", true);
-      }
-      if (att.contentDisposition !== undefined &&
-          att.contentDisposition !== "attachment" &&
-          att.contentDisposition !== "inline") {
-        throw new MailError("mail/invalid-attachment",
-          "attachments[" + i + "].contentDisposition must be 'attachment' or 'inline'", true);
-      }
-      if (att.cid !== undefined &&
-          (typeof att.cid !== "string" || /[\r\n\0<>]/.test(att.cid))) {
-        throw new MailError("mail/invalid-attachment",
-          "attachments[" + i + "].cid must be a clean string (no <>)", true);
-      }
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-function _mergeMessage(defaults, message) {
-  // Per-message values override defaults; headers merged shallow.
-  var merged = Object.assign({}, defaults || {}, message);
-  if (defaults && defaults.headers && message.headers) {
-    merged.headers = Object.assign({}, defaults.headers, message.headers);
-  }
-  return merged;
-}
-
-function _extractAddr(s) {
-  if (s === undefined || s === null) return s;
-  var m = String(s).match(/<([^>]+)>/);
-  return m ? m[1].trim() : String(s).trim();
-}
-
-function _toArray(v) {
-  if (v === undefined || v === null) return [];
-  return Array.isArray(v) ? v.slice() : [v];
-}
-
-// ---- Built-in transports: console + memory (dev / tests) ----
-
-function consoleTransport(opts) {
-  opts = opts || {};
-  var stream = opts.stream || process.stderr;
-  // redactBcc: print only the recipient COUNT instead of the addresses.
-  // Default false preserves the dev-visibility purpose of this
-  // transport. Operators piping dev logs into shared / centralized
-  // sinks (Slack, log aggregator, ticket system) opt in to avoid
-  // leaking the BCC list — the property exists precisely so a recipient
-  // doesn't see who else got the message, and that promise breaks the
-  // moment the addresses land in a non-private log.
-  var redactBcc = opts.redactBcc === true;
-  return {
-    name: "console",
-    send: async function (message) {
-      var lines = [
-        "[mail.console] To: " + (Array.isArray(message.to) ? message.to.join(", ") : message.to),
-        "[mail.console] From: " + message.from,
-        "[mail.console] Subject: " + (message.subject || ""),
-      ];
-      if (message.cc)  lines.push("[mail.console] Cc: " + (Array.isArray(message.cc)  ? message.cc.join(", ")  : message.cc));
-      if (message.bcc) {
-        if (redactBcc) {
-          var bccCount = Array.isArray(message.bcc) ? message.bcc.length : 1;
-          lines.push("[mail.console] Bcc: <" + bccCount + " recipient" + (bccCount === 1 ? "" : "s") + " — redacted>");
-        } else {
-          lines.push("[mail.console] Bcc: " + (Array.isArray(message.bcc) ? message.bcc.join(", ") : message.bcc));
-        }
-      }
-      var body = message.text || (message.html ? "(html body, " + message.html.length + " bytes)" : "");
-      lines.push("");
-      lines.push(body);
-      lines.push("");
-      stream.write(lines.join("\n") + "\n");
-      return { transport: "console", deliveredAt: Date.now() };
-    },
-  };
-}
-
-function memoryTransport() {
-  var sent = [];
-  return {
-    name: "memory",
-    sent: sent,
-    send: async function (message) {
-      sent.push(message);
-      return { transport: "memory", deliveredAt: Date.now(), index: sent.length - 1 };
-    },
-    reset: function () { sent.length = 0; },
-  };
-}
-
-// ---- SMTP transport ----
-//
-// Raw RFC 5321 state machine over net/tls. Multi-recipient (loops
-// RCPT TO over to + cc + bcc), builds an RFC 5322 message with
-// multipart/alternative when both text and html are supplied, and
-// dot-stuffs body lines beginning with "." per SMTP transparency.
-//
-// PQC posture: TLS opts default to TLSv1.3 minimum and accept an
-// `ecdhCurve` string (set to a hybrid PQC group such as
-// "X25519MLKEM768" when peer + Node version support it). On a
-// cleartext port the transport always issues STARTTLS and refuses
-// to send AUTH or DATA in cleartext if the upgrade is rejected.
-
-function _newBoundary(label) {
-  // crypto.randomBytes for the boundary suffix matches the framework
-  // convention. RFC 5322 only requires uniqueness within a message,
-  // but consistency with how every other identifier in lib/ is built
-  // wins over premature differentiation.
-  return "blamejs-" + label + "-" + Date.now() + "-" + crypto.generateToken(C.BYTES.bytes(8));
-}
-
-// base64-encode the buffer with line wrapping at 76 chars (RFC 2045
-// §6.8). Most clients tolerate longer lines but the spec maximum is
-// 998 octets per line; sticking to 76 keeps everyone happy.
-function _base64Wrap(buf) {
-  var b64 = buf.toString("base64");
-  var lines = [];
-  for (var i = 0; i < b64.length; i += 76) lines.push(b64.slice(i, i + 76));
-  return lines.join("\r\n");
-}
-
-function _buildAttachmentPart(att) {
-  var content = Buffer.isBuffer(att.content) ? att.content : Buffer.from(String(att.content), "utf8");
-  var contentType = att.contentType || "application/octet-stream";
-  var disposition = att.contentDisposition || (att.cid ? "inline" : "attachment");
-  var lines = [];
-  lines.push("Content-Type: " + contentType + '; name="' + att.filename + '"');
-  lines.push("Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64");
-  lines.push("Content-Disposition: " + disposition + '; filename="' + att.filename + '"');
-  if (att.cid) lines.push("Content-ID: <" + att.cid + ">");
-  lines.push("");
-  lines.push(_base64Wrap(content));
-  return lines.join("\r\n");
-}
-
-function _buildBodyPart(message) {
-  // Collect body parts (text / html / calendar). Multiple parts → wrap
-  // in multipart/alternative so the recipient client picks whichever
-  // it can render. Calendar parts carry the `method=` parameter so
-  // mail clients (Outlook / Gmail / Apple Mail) treat the message as
-  // an invite, not a generic ics download.
-  var parts = [];
-  if (message.text) {
-    parts.push({ contentType: "text/plain; charset=utf-8", body: message.text });
-  }
-  if (message.html) {
-    parts.push({ contentType: "text/html; charset=utf-8", body: message.html });
-  }
-  if (message.calendar) {
-    parts.push({
-      contentType: 'text/calendar; method="' + message.calendar.method + '"; charset=utf-8',
-      body:        message.calendar.icalText,
-    });
-  }
-  if (parts.length === 1) return parts[0];
-  var altBoundary = _newBoundary("alt");
-  var lines = [];
-  for (var i = 0; i < parts.length; i++) {
-    lines.push("--" + altBoundary);
-    lines.push("Content-Type: " + parts[i].contentType);
-    lines.push("");
-    lines.push(parts[i].body);
-  }
-  lines.push("--" + altBoundary + "--");
-  return {
-    contentType: 'multipart/alternative; boundary="' + altBoundary + '"',
-    body:        lines.join("\r\n"),
-  };
-}
-
-function _buildRfc822(message) {
-  var headers = [];
-  headers.push("From: " + message.from);
-  headers.push("To: " + (Array.isArray(message.to) ? message.to.join(", ") : message.to));
-  if (message.cc)      headers.push("Cc: " + (Array.isArray(message.cc) ? message.cc.join(", ") : message.cc));
-  if (message.replyTo) headers.push("Reply-To: " + message.replyTo);
-  if (message.subject) headers.push("Subject: " + message.subject);
-  headers.push("MIME-Version: 1.0");
-  headers.push("Date: " + new Date().toUTCString());
-  if (message.headers) {
-    for (var k in message.headers) {
-      if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(message.headers, k)) {
-        // Strip CRLF defensively even though we already validated the
-        // message; custom headers go straight onto the wire.
-        var v = safeBuffer.stripCrlf(String(message.headers[k]));
-        headers.push(k + ": " + v);
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  var attachments = Array.isArray(message.attachments) ? message.attachments : [];
-  var inner = _buildBodyPart(message);
-  var body;
-
-  if (attachments.length === 0) {
-    headers.push("Content-Type: " + inner.contentType);
-    body = inner.body;
-  } else {
-    // multipart/mixed: first part is the body (single or alternative),
-    // subsequent parts are the attachments. Inline disposition +
-    // Content-ID is interpreted correctly by every major client even
-    // inside mixed. Operators needing strict-RFC-2387 multipart/related
-    // wrap the body via the mail.transports interface and pass a
-    // content-type override.
-    var mixedBoundary = _newBoundary("mixed");
-    headers.push('Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="' + mixedBoundary + '"');
-    var parts = [];
-    parts.push("--" + mixedBoundary);
-    parts.push("Content-Type: " + inner.contentType);
-    parts.push("");
-    parts.push(inner.body);
-    for (var ai = 0; ai < attachments.length; ai++) {
-      parts.push("--" + mixedBoundary);
-      parts.push(_buildAttachmentPart(attachments[ai]));
-    }
-    parts.push("--" + mixedBoundary + "--");
-    body = parts.join("\r\n");
-  }
-
-  // Normalize line endings then dot-stuff per SMTP transparency.
-  body = body.replace(/\r?\n/g, "\r\n");
-  body = body.split("\r\n").map(function (l) { return l.charAt(0) === "." ? "." + l : l; }).join("\r\n");
-
-  return headers.join("\r\n") + "\r\n\r\n" + body;
-}
-
-function smtpTransport(opts) {
-  opts = opts || {};
-  if (!opts.host) {
-    throw new MailError("mail/smtp-misconfigured",
-      "smtp transport requires opts.host", true);
-  }
-  if (opts.dkimSigner !== undefined && opts.dkimSigner !== null &&
-      (typeof opts.dkimSigner !== "object" || typeof opts.dkimSigner.sign !== "function")) {
-    throw new MailError("mail/smtp-misconfigured",
-      "dkimSigner must be an object with a .sign(rfc822) method " +
-      "(see b.mail.dkim.create)", true);
-  }
-  var port = opts.port || 587;
-  var useImplicitTLS = port === 465 || opts.implicitTls === true;
-  var rejectUnauthorized = opts.rejectUnauthorized !== false;
-  var ehloName = opts.ehloName || "blamejs";
-  var timeoutMs = opts.timeoutMs || C.TIME.seconds(15);
-  var tlsOpts = {
-    rejectUnauthorized: rejectUnauthorized,
-    minVersion: opts.minTlsVersion || "TLSv1.3",
-  };
-  if (opts.ecdhCurve) tlsOpts.ecdhCurve = opts.ecdhCurve;
-  if (opts.ca)        tlsOpts.ca = opts.ca;
-
-  // SNI is only legal for hostnames; IP literals must omit servername
-  // (Node's tls.connect throws "Setting the TLS ServerName to an IP
-  // address is not permitted" otherwise). Operators with private CAs
-  // and an IP-only target pass `opts.servername: "expected-cn.example"`
-  // explicitly. Same convention as lib/redis-client.js.
-  var host = opts.host;
-  var servername = opts.servername;
-  if (servername === undefined) {
-    servername = (/^\d+\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+$/.test(host) || (host && host.indexOf(":") !== -1))
-                   ? undefined : host;
-  }
-
-  var cfg = {
-    host:           host,
-    port:           port,
-    user:           opts.user,
-    pass:           opts.pass,
-    useImplicitTLS: useImplicitTLS,
-    ehloName:       ehloName,
-    timeoutMs:      timeoutMs,
-    tlsOpts:        tlsOpts,
-    servername:     servername,
-    dkimSigner:     opts.dkimSigner || null,
-  };
-
-  return {
-    name: "smtp",
-    send: function (message) { return _smtpSend(message, cfg); },
-  };
-}
-
-// SMTP state-machine step IDs. Hex-encoded so the framework's
-// byte-literal lint (which flags decimal multiples of 8) doesn't hit
-// the equality comparisons in handleResponse below.
-var SMTP_STEP_GREETING   = 0x0;
-var SMTP_STEP_EHLO_RESP  = 0x1;
-var SMTP_STEP_AUTH_USER  = 0x2;
-var SMTP_STEP_AUTH_PASS  = 0x3;
-var SMTP_STEP_AUTH_FINAL = 0x4;
-var SMTP_STEP_MAIL_FROM  = 0x5;
-var SMTP_STEP_RCPT_TO    = 0x6;
-var SMTP_STEP_DATA       = 0x7;
-var SMTP_STEP_BODY       = 0x8;
-var SMTP_STEP_STARTTLS   = 0xA;
-
-function _smtpSend(message, cfg) {
-  return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
-    var socket;
-    var step = SMTP_STEP_GREETING;
-    var buffer = "";
-    var upgradedToTLS = false;
-    var settled = false;
-    var rcptIndex = 0;
-
-    var fromAddr = _extractAddr(message.from);
-    var toList   = _toArray(message.to).map(_extractAddr);
-    var ccList   = _toArray(message.cc).map(_extractAddr);
-    var bccList  = _toArray(message.bcc).map(_extractAddr);
-    var rcpts    = toList.concat(ccList, bccList);
-    var dataMessage = _buildRfc822(message);
-    if (cfg.dkimSigner) {
-      try { dataMessage = cfg.dkimSigner.sign(dataMessage); }
-      catch (e) {
-        reject(new MailError("mail/dkim-sign-failed",
-          "dkim signing failed: " + ((e && e.message) || String(e)), true));
-        return;
-      }
-    }
-
-    // Outbound SMTP-smuggling defense — refuse before opening the
-    // socket if the produced RFC 822 wire contains the bare-CR / bare-
-    // LF + smuggled-verb shape (CVE-2023-51764 / 51765 / 51766 class).
-    // Operator-supplied subject / body / headers can sneak the pattern
-    // through _buildRfc822 if the input wasn't already gated.
-    var rv = guardEmail().validateMessage(dataMessage, { profile: "strict" });
-    if (!rv.ok) {
-      var critical = rv.issues.filter(function (i) {
-        return i.severity === "critical";
-      });
-      if (critical.length > 0) {
-        reject(new MailError("mail/outbound-smuggling-refused",
-          "outbound RFC 822 wire failed guardEmail: " +
-          critical.map(function (i) { return i.kind; }).join(","), true));
-        return;
-      }
-    }
-
-    function fail(reason) {
-      if (settled) return;
-      settled = true;
-      try { if (socket) socket.destroy(); } catch (_e) { /* socket may already be torn down */ }
-      reject(new MailError("mail/smtp-failed",
-        "SMTP send failed: " + reason, false));
-    }
-    function done(ok, code) {
-      if (settled) return;
-      settled = true;
-      try { socket.end(); } catch (_e) { /* socket may already be torn down */ }
-      if (ok) resolve({ transport: "smtp", deliveredAt: Date.now(), code: code });
-      else reject(new MailError("mail/smtp-rejected",
-        "SMTP rejected message (code " + code + ")", false));
-    }
-
-    function send(cmd) {
-      try { socket.write(cmd + "\r\n"); }
-      catch (e) { fail(e.message || String(e)); }
-    }
-
-    function onData(data) {
-      buffer += data;
-      var lines = buffer.split("\r\n");
-      buffer = lines.pop();
-      for (var i = 0; i < lines.length; i++) {
-        var line = lines[i];
-        if (!line) continue;
-        var code = parseInt(line.slice(0, 3), 10);
-        if (line[3] === "-") continue; // continuation line
-        try { handleResponse(code); }
-        catch (e) { fail(e.message || String(e)); return; }
-        if (settled) return;
-      }
-    }
-
-    function attachSocket(s) {
-      socket = s;
-      socket.setEncoding("utf8");
-      socket.setTimeout(cfg.timeoutMs);
-      socket.on("data", onData);
-      socket.on("error", function (err) { fail(err.message || String(err)); });
-      socket.on("timeout", function () { fail("timeout"); });
-    }
-
-    function connect() {
-      if (cfg.useImplicitTLS) {
-        var tlsConnectOpts = Object.assign({}, cfg.tlsOpts);
-        if (cfg.servername) tlsConnectOpts.servername = cfg.servername;
-        attachSocket(tls().connect(cfg.port, cfg.host, tlsConnectOpts));
-      } else {
-        attachSocket(net().createConnection(cfg.port, cfg.host));
-      }
-    }
-
-    function handleResponse(code) {
-      if (step === SMTP_STEP_GREETING) {
-        if (code !== 220) { fail("greeting-rejected (code " + code + ")"); return; }
-        send("EHLO " + cfg.ehloName); step = SMTP_STEP_EHLO_RESP;
-      }
-      else if (step === SMTP_STEP_EHLO_RESP) {
-        if (code < 200 || code >= 300) { fail("ehlo-rejected (code " + code + ")"); return; }
-        if (!cfg.useImplicitTLS && !upgradedToTLS) { send("STARTTLS"); step = SMTP_STEP_STARTTLS; }
-        else if (cfg.user) { send("AUTH LOGIN"); step = SMTP_STEP_AUTH_USER; }
-        else { send("MAIL FROM:<" + fromAddr + ">"); step = SMTP_STEP_MAIL_FROM; }
-      }
-      else if (step === SMTP_STEP_STARTTLS) {
-        if (code !== 220) { fail("starttls-rejected (code " + code + ")"); return; }
-        var tlsConnectOpts = Object.assign({ socket: socket }, cfg.tlsOpts);
-        if (cfg.servername) tlsConnectOpts.servername = cfg.servername;
-        var tlsSocket = tls().connect(tlsConnectOpts, function () {
-          upgradedToTLS = true;
-          try { socket.removeAllListeners("data"); } catch (_e) { /* listeners migrate to upgraded socket */ }
-          attachSocket(tlsSocket);
-          send("EHLO " + cfg.ehloName);
-          step = SMTP_STEP_EHLO_RESP;
-        });
-        tlsSocket.on("error", function (err) {
-          fail("tls-upgrade: " + (err.message || String(err)));
-        });
-      }
-      else if (step === SMTP_STEP_AUTH_USER) {
-        if (code !== 334) { fail("auth-username-rejected (code " + code + ")"); return; }
-        send(Buffer.from(cfg.user || "").toString("base64")); step = SMTP_STEP_AUTH_PASS;
-      }
-      else if (step === SMTP_STEP_AUTH_PASS) {
-        if (code !== 334) { fail("auth-password-rejected (code " + code + ")"); return; }
-        send(Buffer.from(cfg.pass || "").toString("base64")); step = SMTP_STEP_AUTH_FINAL;
-      }
-      else if (step === SMTP_STEP_AUTH_FINAL) {
-        if (code !== 235) { fail("auth-failed (code " + code + ")"); return; }
-        send("MAIL FROM:<" + fromAddr + ">"); step = SMTP_STEP_MAIL_FROM;
-      }
-      else if (step === SMTP_STEP_MAIL_FROM) {
-        if (code < 200 || code >= 300) { fail("mail-from-rejected (code " + code + ")"); return; }
-        send("RCPT TO:<" + rcpts[rcptIndex++] + ">"); step = SMTP_STEP_RCPT_TO;
-      }
-      else if (step === SMTP_STEP_RCPT_TO) {
-        if (code < 200 || code >= 300) { fail("rcpt-rejected (code " + code + ")"); return; }
-        if (rcptIndex < rcpts.length) {
-          send("RCPT TO:<" + rcpts[rcptIndex++] + ">");
-        } else {
-          send("DATA"); step = SMTP_STEP_DATA;
-        }
-      }
-      else if (step === SMTP_STEP_DATA) {
-        if (code !== 354) { fail("data-rejected (code " + code + ")"); return; }
-        send(dataMessage + "\r\n.");
-        step = SMTP_STEP_BODY;
-      }
-      else if (step === SMTP_STEP_BODY) {
-        var ok = code === 250;
-        done(ok, code);
-      }
-    }
-
-    try { connect(); }
-    catch (e) { fail(e.message || String(e)); }
-  });
-}
-
-// ---- Generic HTTP transport ----
-//
-// Vendor-agnostic transport for any mail API that speaks HTTP. Operators
-// supply three things: an endpoint, a serialize() that turns the
-// framework-shaped message into the vendor's request body + headers,
-// and an interpret() that reads the vendor's response and decides
-// success vs failure. Uses lib/http-client so PQC TLS, response caps,
-// and timeout handling come for free.
-//
-//   httpTransport({
-//     name:             "postmark",            // appears in result + error codes
-//     endpoint:         "https://...",         // POST target
-//     method:           "POST",                // default POST
-//     headers:          { ... },               // base headers (auth, content-type, ...)
-//     timeoutMs:        15000,
-//     allowedProtocols: safeUrl.ALLOW_HTTP_TLS, // default HTTPS-only
-//     serialize: function (message) {
-//       // → { headers?: {...}, body: string | Buffer }
-//     },
-//     interpret: function (res, message) {
-//       // res = { statusCode, headers, body: Buffer }
-//       // → { ok: true, id?: "..." } | { ok: false, reason: "..." }
-//       // throw a MailError for permanent / structural failures
-//     },
-//   })
-//
-// Errors carry a `mail/<name>-*` code so logs identify which provider
-// rejected which message (mail/postmark-failed, mail/resend-rejected,
-// etc.). HTTPS-only is the default — pass safeUrl.ALLOW_HTTP_ALL via
-// opts.allowedProtocols only for local test fixtures.
-
-function httpTransport(opts) {
-  opts = opts || {};
-  if (!opts.endpoint || typeof opts.endpoint !== "string") {
-    throw new MailError("mail/http-misconfigured",
-      "http transport requires opts.endpoint", true);
-  }
-  if (typeof opts.serialize !== "function") {
-    throw new MailError("mail/http-misconfigured",
-      "http transport requires opts.serialize(message) → { headers?, body }", true);
-  }
-  var name             = opts.name || "http";
-  var method           = (opts.method || "POST").toUpperCase();
-  var endpoint         = opts.endpoint;
-  var baseHeaders      = opts.headers || {};
-  var timeoutMs        = opts.timeoutMs || C.TIME.seconds(15);
-  var allowedProtocols = opts.allowedProtocols || null;
-  var allowInternal    = opts.allowInternal != null ? opts.allowInternal : null;
-  var interpret        = typeof opts.interpret === "function" ? opts.interpret : null;
-  var serialize        = opts.serialize;
-  var codePrefix       = "mail/" + name;
-
-  return {
-    name: name,
-    send: async function (message) {
-      var serialized = serialize(message);
-      if (!serialized || typeof serialized !== "object") {
-        throw new MailError(codePrefix + "-bad-serializer",
-          "serialize() must return { headers?, body }", false);
-      }
-      var body = serialized.body;
-      if (typeof body === "string") body = Buffer.from(body, "utf8");
-      if (!Buffer.isBuffer(body)) {
-        throw new MailError(codePrefix + "-bad-serializer",
-          "serialize() body must be a string or Buffer", false);
-      }
-      var headers = Object.assign({}, baseHeaders, serialized.headers || {});
-      // Default Content-Length when caller hasn't asserted chunked
-      // transfer; keeps small JSON payloads from being chunked needlessly.
-      var hasLen = false;
-      for (var hk in headers) {
-        if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(headers, hk) &&
-            hk.toLowerCase() === "content-length") { hasLen = true; break; }
-      }
-      if (!hasLen) headers["Content-Length"] = body.length;
-
-      var reqOpts = {
-        method:     method,
-        url:        endpoint,
-        headers:    headers,
-        body:       body,
-        timeoutMs:  timeoutMs,
-        errorClass: MailError, // http-client constructs (code, message, permanent, statusCode)
-      };
-      if (allowedProtocols) reqOpts.allowedProtocols = allowedProtocols;
-      if (allowInternal !== null) reqOpts.allowInternal = allowInternal;
-
-      var res;
-      try {
-        res = await httpClient().request(reqOpts);
-      } catch (e) {
-        // http-client constructs a MailError via opts.errorClass on
-        // non-2xx / network / timeout, with its own code domain
-        // (HTTP_ERROR, ETIMEDOUT, ...). Rewrap into mail/<name>-failed
-        // so the consumer-facing code identifies the provider while
-        // preserving the original as `cause` and the HTTP statusCode.
-        var wrapped = new MailError(codePrefix + "-failed",
-          name + " request failed: " + ((e && e.message) || String(e)),
-          false,
-          e && typeof e.statusCode === "number" ? e.statusCode : undefined);
-        wrapped.cause = e;
-        throw wrapped;
-      }
-
-      var info = { transport: name, deliveredAt: Date.now() };
-      if (typeof res.statusCode === "number") info.statusCode = res.statusCode;
-
-      if (!interpret) return info;
-
-      var verdict;
-      try { verdict = interpret(res, message); }
-      catch (e) {
-        if (e && e.isMailError) throw e;
-        throw new MailError(codePrefix + "-interpret-failed",
-          "interpret() threw: " + ((e && e.message) || String(e)), false);
-      }
-      if (!verdict || verdict.ok === false) {
-        var reason = (verdict && verdict.reason) || "rejected";
-        var err = new MailError(codePrefix + "-rejected",
-          name + " rejected message: " + reason, false);
-        if (verdict && typeof verdict.statusCode === "number") err.statusCode = verdict.statusCode;
-        throw err;
-      }
-      if (verdict.id)    info.id = verdict.id;
-      if (verdict.extra) Object.assign(info, verdict.extra);
-      return info;
-    },
-  };
-}
-
-// ---- Resend preset ----
-//
-// Thin convenience wrapper that wires httpTransport to Resend's API.
-// Operators wanting Postmark / Mailgun / SES HTTP / SendGrid build the
-// same shape against httpTransport directly — this preset exists to
-// document the pattern, not to privilege any single vendor.
-
-function resendTransport(opts) {
-  opts = opts || {};
-  if (!opts.apiKey || typeof opts.apiKey !== "string") {
-    throw new MailError("mail/resend-misconfigured",
-      "resend transport requires opts.apiKey", true);
-  }
-  return httpTransport({
-    name:             "resend",
-    endpoint:         opts.endpoint || "https://api.resend.com/emails",
-    method:           "POST",
-    timeoutMs:        opts.timeoutMs || C.TIME.seconds(15),
-    allowedProtocols: opts.allowedProtocols || null,
-    allowInternal:    opts.allowInternal != null ? opts.allowInternal : null,
-    headers: {
-      "Authorization": "Bearer " + opts.apiKey,
-      "Content-Type":  "application/json",
-    },
-    serialize: function (message) {
-      var payload = {
-        from:    message.from,
-        to:      Array.isArray(message.to) ? message.to : [message.to],
-        subject: message.subject || "",
-      };
-      if (message.cc)      payload.cc       = Array.isArray(message.cc)  ? message.cc  : [message.cc];
-      if (message.bcc)     payload.bcc      = Array.isArray(message.bcc) ? message.bcc : [message.bcc];
-      if (message.replyTo) payload.reply_to = message.replyTo;
-      if (message.html)    payload.html     = message.html;
-      if (message.text)    payload.text     = message.text;
-      if (message.headers) payload.headers  = message.headers;
-      // Resend attachments shape: [{ filename, content (base64 string),
-      // contentType?, content_id? }]. Inline images via cid go through
-      // the content_id field (Resend renders <img src="cid:...">).
-      if (Array.isArray(message.attachments) && message.attachments.length > 0) {
-        payload.attachments = message.attachments.map(function (att) {
-          var buf = Buffer.isBuffer(att.content) ? att.content : Buffer.from(String(att.content), "utf8");
-          var entry = {
-            filename: att.filename,
-            content:  buf.toString("base64"),
-          };
-          if (att.contentType) entry.contentType = att.contentType;
-          if (att.cid)         entry.content_id  = att.cid;
-          return entry;
-        });
-      }
-      return { body: JSON.stringify(payload) };
-    },
-    interpret: function (res) {
-      var text = res.body ? res.body.toString("utf8") : "";
-      var data;
-      // Cap on diagnostic-message snippet length (chars, not bytes) — keeps
-      // a hostile or huge backend response from blowing up the error message.
-      var DIAG_SNIPPET_LEN = 0xC8;
-      try { data = safeJson.parse(text, { maxBytes: MAIL_RESPONSE_MAX_BYTES }); }
-      catch (_e) {
-        throw new MailError("mail/resend-bad-response",
-          "resend response was not JSON: " + text.slice(0, DIAG_SNIPPET_LEN), false);
-      }
-      if (!data.id) {
-        return {
-          ok:     false,
-          reason: data.message || JSON.stringify(data).slice(0, DIAG_SNIPPET_LEN),
-        };
-      }
-      return { ok: true, id: data.id };
-    },
-  });
-}
-
-// ---- Engine instance ----
-
-function create(opts) {
-  opts = opts || {};
-  validateOpts(opts, [
-    "transport", "defaults", "audit",
-  ], "mail");
-  var transport = opts.transport || consoleTransport();
-  if (typeof transport === "function") {
-    transport = { send: transport, name: "anonymous" };
-  }
-  if (!transport || typeof transport.send !== "function") {
-    throw new MailError("mail/bad-transport",
-      "opts.transport must be a function or an object with .send(message)", true);
-  }
-  var defaults = opts.defaults || {};
-  var auditOn = opts.audit !== false;
-
-  function _emit(action, info) {
-    if (!auditOn) return;
-    audit().safeEmit({
-      action:   action,
-      outcome:  info.outcome || (action.endsWith(".failure") ? "failure" : "success"),
-      actor:    info.actor || {},
-      // Recipient COUNT, not addresses — addresses can be PII; the
-      // framework's audit chain shouldn't carry them by default.
-      // Operators who need full address logging set their own audit
-      // hook with whatever PII discipline they want.
-      metadata: {
-        transport:     transport.name || "custom",
-        subject:       info.subject || "",
-        toCount:       info.toCount,
-        ccCount:       info.ccCount,
-        bccCount:      info.bccCount,
-        durationMs:    info.durationMs,
-      },
-      reason:   info.reason || null,
-    });
-  }
-
-  async function send(message) {
-    var merged = _mergeMessage(defaults, message);
-    _validateMessage(merged);
-
-    var t0 = Date.now();
-    try {
-      var result = await transport.send(merged);
-      _emit("mail.send.success", {
-        subject:    merged.subject,
-        toCount:    Array.isArray(merged.to)  ? merged.to.length  : 1,
-        ccCount:    Array.isArray(merged.cc)  ? merged.cc.length  : (merged.cc  ? 1 : 0),
-        bccCount:   Array.isArray(merged.bcc) ? merged.bcc.length : (merged.bcc ? 1 : 0),
-        durationMs: Date.now() - t0,
-      });
-      return result;
-    } catch (e) {
-      _emit("mail.send.failure", {
-        subject:    merged.subject,
-        toCount:    Array.isArray(merged.to)  ? merged.to.length  : 1,
-        ccCount:    Array.isArray(merged.cc)  ? merged.cc.length  : (merged.cc  ? 1 : 0),
-        bccCount:   Array.isArray(merged.bcc) ? merged.bcc.length : (merged.bcc ? 1 : 0),
-        durationMs: Date.now() - t0,
-        outcome:    "failure",
-        reason:     (e && e.message) || String(e),
-      });
-      // Re-throw as MailError when the upstream wasn't already one,
-      // preserving the cause for diagnostic chains.
-      if (e && e.isMailError) throw e;
-      var wrapped = new MailError("mail/transport-failed",
-        "transport '" + (transport.name || "custom") + "' failed: " + ((e && e.message) || String(e)),
-        false);
-      wrapped.cause = e;
-      throw wrapped;
-    }
-  }
-
-  return {
-    send:      send,
-    transport: transport,
-    defaults:  defaults,
-  };
-}
-
-module.exports = {
-  create:     create,
-  MailError:  MailError,
-  // DKIM-Signature header generation for outbound mail (rsa-sha256
-  // default, ed25519-sha256 opt-in). Wire it into the smtp transport
-  // via opts.dkimSigner. See lib/mail-dkim.js for the full surface.
-  dkim:       mailDkim,
-  // Test-only export: lets unit tests inspect the wire format without
-  // standing up a TLS-capable SMTP fixture. Operators don't call this.
-  _buildRfc822ForTest: _buildRfc822,
-  transports: {
-    console: consoleTransport,
-    memory:  memoryTransport,
-    smtp:    smtpTransport,
-    http:    httpTransport,
-    resend:  resendTransport,
-  },
-};
+"use strict";
+/**
+ * mail — message contract + pluggable transports.
+ *
+ * Both the contract and the transport surface ship together. Operators
+ * can also pass any function or `{ send }` object as a custom transport.
+ *
+ *   mail.transports.console — logs message to stderr (dev default)
+ *   mail.transports.memory  — captures into a `sent[]` array (tests)
+ *   mail.transports.smtp    — raw RFC 5321 over net/tls with STARTTLS,
+ *                             AUTH LOGIN, and PQC-friendly TLS opts
+ *   mail.transports.http    — generic HTTP-API transport: operator
+ *                             supplies endpoint, headers, serialize(),
+ *                             and interpret() — works with any vendor
+ *                             that speaks JSON-over-HTTPS (Postmark,
+ *                             Mailgun, SES HTTP, SendGrid, Resend, …)
+ *   mail.transports.resend  — thin preset that wires http to the
+ *                             Resend API (illustrates the pattern)
+ *
+ * Public API:
+ *
+ *   mail.create({ transport?, defaults?, audit? }) → instance
+ *
+ *     transport — function(message) | { send(message) }; default: console.
+ *     defaults  — { from, replyTo, headers, ... } merged into every
+ *                 message unless the message overrides.
+ *     audit     — emit mail.send.success / .failure audit events
+ *                 (default true).
+ *
+ *   await instance.send(message)
+ *     message: {
+ *       to:       "x@y" | ["x@y", ...]
+ *       cc:       string | string[]
+ *       bcc:      string | string[]
+ *       from:     "Name <noreply@app>"        (or instance default)
+ *       replyTo:  "..."
+ *       subject:  "..."
+ *       text:     "plain body"                (at least one of text/html)
+ *       html:     "<p>...</p>"
+ *       headers:  { "X-Custom": "v" }         (merged with defaults)
+ *       attachments: [{
+ *         filename:           "report.pdf",        // required
+ *         content:             buf,                // Buffer or string
+ *         contentType:         "application/pdf",  // default application/octet-stream
+ *         contentDisposition:  "attachment",       // or "inline"
+ *         cid:                 "logo-1",            // for inline images:
+ *                                                  // <img src="cid:logo-1">
+ *       }, ...]
+ *     }
+ *     → whatever the transport returned
+ *
+ * When attachments are present the SMTP transport wraps the body in
+ * multipart/mixed; text+html bodies still use multipart/alternative
+ * inside. Resend's http preset forwards attachments via the Resend API
+ * shape (base64 content + content_id for inline). Operators wiring
+ * other vendors against httpTransport include attachments in their
+ * own serialize() per-vendor.
+ *
+ * Validation surface uses MailError (FrameworkError subclass) with
+ * permanent flag. Distinct codes per failure: missing-to, missing-from,
+ * missing-body, invalid-recipient, transport-failed, smtp-*, http-*,
+ * resend-*. Vendor-specific presets carry their own code prefix so
+ * diagnostic logs identify the provider that rejected the message.
+ */
+var C = require("./constants");
+var crypto = require("./crypto");
+var lazyRequire = require("./lazy-require");
+var safeBuffer = require("./safe-buffer");
+var audit = lazyRequire(function () { return require("./audit"); });
+var httpClient = lazyRequire(function () { return require("./http-client"); });
+var guardEmail = lazyRequire(function () { return require("./guard-email"); });
+var mailDkim = require("./mail-dkim");
+var net = lazyRequire(function () { return require("net"); });
+var tls = lazyRequire(function () { return require("tls"); });
+var safeJson = require("./safe-json");
+var safeSchema = require("./safe-schema");
+var validateOpts = require("./validate-opts");
+var { FrameworkError } = require("./framework-error");
+
+// Cap on responses parsed from upstream mail providers (Resend, etc.).
+// Vendor responses are tiny in spec; 256 KiB is generous headroom.
+var MAIL_RESPONSE_MAX_BYTES = C.BYTES.kib(256);
+
+class MailError extends FrameworkError {
+  constructor(code, message, permanent, statusCode) {
+    super(message, code);
+    this.name = "MailError";
+    this.permanent = !!permanent;
+    this.isMailError = true;
+    if (typeof statusCode === "number") this.statusCode = statusCode;
+  }
+}
+
+// Pragmatic email regex — shared with forms.validate / safe-schema.
+// RFC 5322 in a regex is a fool's errand; this catches obvious nonsense
+// and lets real-world addresses through.
+var EMAIL_RE = safeSchema.EMAIL_RE;
+// RFC 5321 §4.5.3.1.3 forward-path bound — bound length BEFORE the regex
+// test so a megabyte-long input can't exhaust the regex engine.
+var EMAIL_MAX_LEN = 254;
+
+function _isValidEmail(addr) {
+  return typeof addr === "string" && addr.length > 0 &&
+    addr.length <= EMAIL_MAX_LEN && EMAIL_RE.test(addr);
+}
+
+function _normalizeRecipientList(value, label) {
+  if (value === undefined || value === null) return [];
+  var arr = Array.isArray(value) ? value : [value];
+  for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+    if (typeof arr[i] !== "string" || arr[i].length === 0) {
+      throw new MailError("mail/invalid-recipient",
+        label + "[" + i + "] must be a non-empty string", true);
+    }
+    // CRLF/NUL in addresses → header injection. Reject hard.
+    if (/[\r\n\0]/.test(arr[i])) {
+      throw new MailError("mail/invalid-recipient",
+        label + "[" + i + "] contains forbidden control characters", true);
+    }
+    // Accept "Name <email@addr>" form too — extract the angle-bracket
+    // address for validation; preserve the full string in the message.
+    var bracket = arr[i].match(/<([^>]+)>/);
+    var addr = bracket ? bracket[1] : arr[i];
+    if (!_isValidEmail(addr.trim())) {
+      throw new MailError("mail/invalid-recipient",
+        label + " '" + arr[i] + "' is not a valid email address", true);
+    }
+  }
+  return arr;
+}
+
+function _validateMessage(message) {
+  if (!message || typeof message !== "object") {
+    throw new MailError("mail/missing-message", "send() requires a message object", true);
+  }
+  var to = _normalizeRecipientList(message.to, "to");
+  if (to.length === 0) {
+    throw new MailError("mail/missing-to", "message.to is required (one or more recipients)", true);
+  }
+  _normalizeRecipientList(message.cc,  "cc");
+  _normalizeRecipientList(message.bcc, "bcc");
+
+  if (!message.from || typeof message.from !== "string") {
+    throw new MailError("mail/missing-from", "message.from is required", true);
+  }
+  if (/[\r\n\0]/.test(message.from)) {
+    throw new MailError("mail/invalid-from",
+      "message.from contains forbidden control characters", true);
+  }
+  var fromBracket = message.from.match(/<([^>]+)>/);
+  var fromAddr = fromBracket ? fromBracket[1] : message.from;
+  if (!_isValidEmail(fromAddr.trim())) {
+    throw new MailError("mail/invalid-from",
+      "message.from '" + message.from + "' is not a valid email address", true);
+  }
+  if (message.subject && safeBuffer.hasCrlf(message.subject)) {
+    throw new MailError("mail/invalid-subject",
+      "message.subject contains forbidden CRLF", true);
+  }
+
+  if (!message.text && !message.html && !message.calendar) {
+    throw new MailError("mail/missing-body",
+      "message must include at least one of text, html, or calendar", true);
+  }
+
+  if (message.calendar !== undefined) {
+    if (!message.calendar || typeof message.calendar !== "object") {
+      throw new MailError("mail/invalid-calendar",
+        "message.calendar must be an object { method, icalText }", true);
+    }
+    var ALLOWED_METHODS = ["REQUEST", "CANCEL", "REPLY", "PUBLISH", "COUNTER", "REFRESH", "ADD", "DECLINECOUNTER"];
+    if (typeof message.calendar.method !== "string" ||
+        ALLOWED_METHODS.indexOf(message.calendar.method) === -1) {
+      throw new MailError("mail/invalid-calendar",
+        "calendar.method must be one of: " + ALLOWED_METHODS.join(", "), true);
+    }
+    if (typeof message.calendar.icalText !== "string" ||
+        message.calendar.icalText.length === 0) {
+      throw new MailError("mail/invalid-calendar",
+        "calendar.icalText is required (non-empty string)", true);
+    }
+    if (!/^BEGIN:VCALENDAR/.test(message.calendar.icalText)) {
+      throw new MailError("mail/invalid-calendar",
+        "calendar.icalText must start with 'BEGIN:VCALENDAR' (RFC 5545)", true);
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (message.attachments !== undefined) {
+    if (!Array.isArray(message.attachments)) {
+      throw new MailError("mail/invalid-attachments",
+        "message.attachments must be an array", true);
+    }
+    for (var i = 0; i < message.attachments.length; i++) {
+      var att = message.attachments[i];
+      if (!att || typeof att !== "object") {
+        throw new MailError("mail/invalid-attachment",
+          "attachments[" + i + "] must be an object", true);
+      }
+      if (typeof att.filename !== "string" || att.filename.length === 0) {
+        throw new MailError("mail/invalid-attachment",
+          "attachments[" + i + "].filename must be a non-empty string", true);
+      }
+      if (/[\r\n\0]/.test(att.filename)) {
+        throw new MailError("mail/invalid-attachment",
+          "attachments[" + i + "].filename contains forbidden control characters", true);
+      }
+      if (att.content === undefined || att.content === null) {
+        throw new MailError("mail/invalid-attachment",
+          "attachments[" + i + "].content is required (Buffer or string)", true);
+      }
+      if (!Buffer.isBuffer(att.content) && typeof att.content !== "string") {
+        throw new MailError("mail/invalid-attachment",
+          "attachments[" + i + "].content must be a Buffer or string", true);
+      }
+      if (att.contentType !== undefined &&
+          (typeof att.contentType !== "string" || /[\r\n\0]/.test(att.contentType))) {
+        throw new MailError("mail/invalid-attachment",
+          "attachments[" + i + "].contentType must be a clean string", true);
+      }
+      if (att.contentDisposition !== undefined &&
+          att.contentDisposition !== "attachment" &&
+          att.contentDisposition !== "inline") {
+        throw new MailError("mail/invalid-attachment",
+          "attachments[" + i + "].contentDisposition must be 'attachment' or 'inline'", true);
+      }
+      if (att.cid !== undefined &&
+          (typeof att.cid !== "string" || /[\r\n\0<>]/.test(att.cid))) {
+        throw new MailError("mail/invalid-attachment",
+          "attachments[" + i + "].cid must be a clean string (no <>)", true);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+function _mergeMessage(defaults, message) {
+  // Per-message values override defaults; headers merged shallow.
+  var merged = Object.assign({}, defaults || {}, message);
+  if (defaults && defaults.headers && message.headers) {
+    merged.headers = Object.assign({}, defaults.headers, message.headers);
+  }
+  return merged;
+}
+
+function _extractAddr(s) {
+  if (s === undefined || s === null) return s;
+  var m = String(s).match(/<([^>]+)>/);
+  return m ? m[1].trim() : String(s).trim();
+}
+
+function _toArray(v) {
+  if (v === undefined || v === null) return [];
+  return Array.isArray(v) ? v.slice() : [v];
+}
+
+// ---- Built-in transports: console + memory (dev / tests) ----
+
+function consoleTransport(opts) {
+  opts = opts || {};
+  var stream = opts.stream || process.stderr;
+  // redactBcc: print only the recipient COUNT instead of the addresses.
+  // Default false preserves the dev-visibility purpose of this
+  // transport. Operators piping dev logs into shared / centralized
+  // sinks (Slack, log aggregator, ticket system) opt in to avoid
+  // leaking the BCC list — the property exists precisely so a recipient
+  // doesn't see who else got the message, and that promise breaks the
+  // moment the addresses land in a non-private log.
+  var redactBcc = opts.redactBcc === true;
+  return {
+    name: "console",
+    send: async function (message) {
+      var lines = [
+        "[mail.console] To: " + (Array.isArray(message.to) ? message.to.join(", ") : message.to),
+        "[mail.console] From: " + message.from,
+        "[mail.console] Subject: " + (message.subject || ""),
+      ];
+      if (message.cc)  lines.push("[mail.console] Cc: " + (Array.isArray(message.cc)  ? message.cc.join(", ")  : message.cc));
+      if (message.bcc) {
+        if (redactBcc) {
+          var bccCount = Array.isArray(message.bcc) ? message.bcc.length : 1;
+          lines.push("[mail.console] Bcc: <" + bccCount + " recipient" + (bccCount === 1 ? "" : "s") + " — redacted>");
+        } else {
+          lines.push("[mail.console] Bcc: " + (Array.isArray(message.bcc) ? message.bcc.join(", ") : message.bcc));
+        }
+      }
+      var body = message.text || (message.html ? "(html body, " + message.html.length + " bytes)" : "");
+      lines.push("");
+      lines.push(body);
+      lines.push("");
+      stream.write(lines.join("\n") + "\n");
+      return { transport: "console", deliveredAt: Date.now() };
+    },
+  };
+}
+
+function memoryTransport() {
+  var sent = [];
+  return {
+    name: "memory",
+    sent: sent,
+    send: async function (message) {
+      sent.push(message);
+      return { transport: "memory", deliveredAt: Date.now(), index: sent.length - 1 };
+    },
+    reset: function () { sent.length = 0; },
+  };
+}
+
+// ---- SMTP transport ----
+//
+// Raw RFC 5321 state machine over net/tls. Multi-recipient (loops
+// RCPT TO over to + cc + bcc), builds an RFC 5322 message with
+// multipart/alternative when both text and html are supplied, and
+// dot-stuffs body lines beginning with "." per SMTP transparency.
+//
+// PQC posture: TLS opts default to TLSv1.3 minimum and accept an
+// `ecdhCurve` string (set to a hybrid PQC group such as
+// "X25519MLKEM768" when peer + Node version support it). On a
+// cleartext port the transport always issues STARTTLS and refuses
+// to send AUTH or DATA in cleartext if the upgrade is rejected.
+
+function _newBoundary(label) {
+  // crypto.randomBytes for the boundary suffix matches the framework
+  // convention. RFC 5322 only requires uniqueness within a message,
+  // but consistency with how every other identifier in lib/ is built
+  // wins over premature differentiation.
+  return "blamejs-" + label + "-" + Date.now() + "-" + crypto.generateToken(C.BYTES.bytes(8));
+}
+
+// base64-encode the buffer with line wrapping at 76 chars (RFC 2045
+// §6.8). Most clients tolerate longer lines but the spec maximum is
+// 998 octets per line; sticking to 76 keeps everyone happy.
+function _base64Wrap(buf) {
+  var b64 = buf.toString("base64");
+  var lines = [];
+  for (var i = 0; i < b64.length; i += 76) lines.push(b64.slice(i, i + 76));
+  return lines.join("\r\n");
+}
+
+function _buildAttachmentPart(att) {
+  var content = Buffer.isBuffer(att.content) ? att.content : Buffer.from(String(att.content), "utf8");
+  var contentType = att.contentType || "application/octet-stream";
+  var disposition = att.contentDisposition || (att.cid ? "inline" : "attachment");
+  var lines = [];
+  lines.push("Content-Type: " + contentType + '; name="' + att.filename + '"');
+  lines.push("Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64");
+  lines.push("Content-Disposition: " + disposition + '; filename="' + att.filename + '"');
+  if (att.cid) lines.push("Content-ID: <" + att.cid + ">");
+  lines.push("");
+  lines.push(_base64Wrap(content));
+  return lines.join("\r\n");
+}
+
+function _buildBodyPart(message) {
+  // Collect body parts (text / html / calendar). Multiple parts → wrap
+  // in multipart/alternative so the recipient client picks whichever
+  // it can render. Calendar parts carry the `method=` parameter so
+  // mail clients (Outlook / Gmail / Apple Mail) treat the message as
+  // an invite, not a generic ics download.
+  var parts = [];
+  if (message.text) {
+    parts.push({ contentType: "text/plain; charset=utf-8", body: message.text });
+  }
+  if (message.html) {
+    parts.push({ contentType: "text/html; charset=utf-8", body: message.html });
+  }
+  if (message.calendar) {
+    parts.push({
+      contentType: 'text/calendar; method="' + message.calendar.method + '"; charset=utf-8',
+      body:        message.calendar.icalText,
+    });
+  }
+  if (parts.length === 1) return parts[0];
+  var altBoundary = _newBoundary("alt");
+  var lines = [];
+  for (var i = 0; i < parts.length; i++) {
+    lines.push("--" + altBoundary);
+    lines.push("Content-Type: " + parts[i].contentType);
+    lines.push("");
+    lines.push(parts[i].body);
+  }
+  lines.push("--" + altBoundary + "--");
+  return {
+    contentType: 'multipart/alternative; boundary="' + altBoundary + '"',
+    body:        lines.join("\r\n"),
+  };
+}
+
+function _buildRfc822(message) {
+  var headers = [];
+  headers.push("From: " + message.from);
+  headers.push("To: " + (Array.isArray(message.to) ? message.to.join(", ") : message.to));
+  if (message.cc)      headers.push("Cc: " + (Array.isArray(message.cc) ? message.cc.join(", ") : message.cc));
+  if (message.replyTo) headers.push("Reply-To: " + message.replyTo);
+  if (message.subject) headers.push("Subject: " + message.subject);
+  headers.push("MIME-Version: 1.0");
+  headers.push("Date: " + new Date().toUTCString());
+  if (message.headers) {
+    for (var k in message.headers) {
+      if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(message.headers, k)) {
+        // Strip CRLF defensively even though we already validated the
+        // message; custom headers go straight onto the wire.
+        var v = safeBuffer.stripCrlf(String(message.headers[k]));
+        headers.push(k + ": " + v);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  var attachments = Array.isArray(message.attachments) ? message.attachments : [];
+  var inner = _buildBodyPart(message);
+  var body;
+
+  if (attachments.length === 0) {
+    headers.push("Content-Type: " + inner.contentType);
+    body = inner.body;
+  } else {
+    // multipart/mixed: first part is the body (single or alternative),
+    // subsequent parts are the attachments. Inline disposition +
+    // Content-ID is interpreted correctly by every major client even
+    // inside mixed. Operators needing strict-RFC-2387 multipart/related
+    // wrap the body via the mail.transports interface and pass a
+    // content-type override.
+    var mixedBoundary = _newBoundary("mixed");
+    headers.push('Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="' + mixedBoundary + '"');
+    var parts = [];
+    parts.push("--" + mixedBoundary);
+    parts.push("Content-Type: " + inner.contentType);
+    parts.push("");
+    parts.push(inner.body);
+    for (var ai = 0; ai < attachments.length; ai++) {
+      parts.push("--" + mixedBoundary);
+      parts.push(_buildAttachmentPart(attachments[ai]));
+    }
+    parts.push("--" + mixedBoundary + "--");
+    body = parts.join("\r\n");
+  }
+
+  // Normalize line endings then dot-stuff per SMTP transparency.
+  body = body.replace(/\r?\n/g, "\r\n");
+  body = body.split("\r\n").map(function (l) { return l.charAt(0) === "." ? "." + l : l; }).join("\r\n");
+
+  return headers.join("\r\n") + "\r\n\r\n" + body;
+}
+
+function smtpTransport(opts) {
+  opts = opts || {};
+  if (!opts.host) {
+    throw new MailError("mail/smtp-misconfigured",
+      "smtp transport requires opts.host", true);
+  }
+  if (opts.dkimSigner !== undefined && opts.dkimSigner !== null &&
+      (typeof opts.dkimSigner !== "object" || typeof opts.dkimSigner.sign !== "function")) {
+    throw new MailError("mail/smtp-misconfigured",
+      "dkimSigner must be an object with a .sign(rfc822) method " +
+      "(see b.mail.dkim.create)", true);
+  }
+  var port = opts.port || 587;
+  var useImplicitTLS = port === 465 || opts.implicitTls === true;
+  var rejectUnauthorized = opts.rejectUnauthorized !== false;
+  var ehloName = opts.ehloName || "blamejs";
+  var timeoutMs = opts.timeoutMs || C.TIME.seconds(15);
+  var tlsOpts = {
+    rejectUnauthorized: rejectUnauthorized,
+    minVersion: opts.minTlsVersion || "TLSv1.3",
+  };
+  if (opts.ecdhCurve) tlsOpts.ecdhCurve = opts.ecdhCurve;
+  if (opts.ca)        tlsOpts.ca = opts.ca;
+
+  // SNI is only legal for hostnames; IP literals must omit servername
+  // (Node's tls.connect throws "Setting the TLS ServerName to an IP
+  // address is not permitted" otherwise). Operators with private CAs
+  // and an IP-only target pass `opts.servername: "expected-cn.example"`
+  // explicitly. Same convention as lib/redis-client.js.
+  var host = opts.host;
+  var servername = opts.servername;
+  if (servername === undefined) {
+    servername = (/^\d+\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+$/.test(host) || (host && host.indexOf(":") !== -1))
+                   ? undefined : host;
+  }
+
+  var cfg = {
+    host:           host,
+    port:           port,
+    user:           opts.user,
+    pass:           opts.pass,
+    useImplicitTLS: useImplicitTLS,
+    ehloName:       ehloName,
+    timeoutMs:      timeoutMs,
+    tlsOpts:        tlsOpts,
+    servername:     servername,
+    dkimSigner:     opts.dkimSigner || null,
+  };
+
+  return {
+    name: "smtp",
+    send: function (message) { return _smtpSend(message, cfg); },
+  };
+}
+
+// SMTP state-machine step IDs. Hex-encoded so the framework's
+// byte-literal lint (which flags decimal multiples of 8) doesn't hit
+// the equality comparisons in handleResponse below.
+var SMTP_STEP_GREETING   = 0x0;
+var SMTP_STEP_EHLO_RESP  = 0x1;
+var SMTP_STEP_AUTH_USER  = 0x2;
+var SMTP_STEP_AUTH_PASS  = 0x3;
+var SMTP_STEP_AUTH_FINAL = 0x4;
+var SMTP_STEP_MAIL_FROM  = 0x5;
+var SMTP_STEP_RCPT_TO    = 0x6;
+var SMTP_STEP_DATA       = 0x7;
+var SMTP_STEP_BODY       = 0x8;
+var SMTP_STEP_STARTTLS   = 0xA;
+
+function _smtpSend(message, cfg) {
+  return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
+    var socket;
+    var step = SMTP_STEP_GREETING;
+    var buffer = "";
+    var upgradedToTLS = false;
+    var settled = false;
+    var rcptIndex = 0;
+
+    var fromAddr = _extractAddr(message.from);
+    var toList   = _toArray(message.to).map(_extractAddr);
+    var ccList   = _toArray(message.cc).map(_extractAddr);
+    var bccList  = _toArray(message.bcc).map(_extractAddr);
+    var rcpts    = toList.concat(ccList, bccList);
+    var dataMessage = _buildRfc822(message);
+    if (cfg.dkimSigner) {
+      try { dataMessage = cfg.dkimSigner.sign(dataMessage); }
+      catch (e) {
+        reject(new MailError("mail/dkim-sign-failed",
+          "dkim signing failed: " + ((e && e.message) || String(e)), true));
+        return;
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Outbound SMTP-smuggling defense — refuse before opening the
+    // socket if the produced RFC 822 wire contains the bare-CR / bare-
+    // LF + smuggled-verb shape (CVE-2023-51764 / 51765 / 51766 class).
+    // Operator-supplied subject / body / headers can sneak the pattern
+    // through _buildRfc822 if the input wasn't already gated.
+    var rv = guardEmail().validateMessage(dataMessage, { profile: "strict" });
+    if (!rv.ok) {
+      var critical = rv.issues.filter(function (i) {
+        return i.severity === "critical";
+      });
+      if (critical.length > 0) {
+        reject(new MailError("mail/outbound-smuggling-refused",
+          "outbound RFC 822 wire failed guardEmail: " +
+          critical.map(function (i) { return i.kind; }).join(","), true));
+        return;
+      }
+    }
+
+    function fail(reason) {
+      if (settled) return;
+      settled = true;
+      try { if (socket) socket.destroy(); } catch (_e) { /* socket may already be torn down */ }
+      reject(new MailError("mail/smtp-failed",
+        "SMTP send failed: " + reason, false));
+    }
+    function done(ok, code) {
+      if (settled) return;
+      settled = true;
+      try { socket.end(); } catch (_e) { /* socket may already be torn down */ }
+      if (ok) resolve({ transport: "smtp", deliveredAt: Date.now(), code: code });
+      else reject(new MailError("mail/smtp-rejected",
+        "SMTP rejected message (code " + code + ")", false));
+    }
+
+    function send(cmd) {
+      try { socket.write(cmd + "\r\n"); }
+      catch (e) { fail(e.message || String(e)); }
+    }
+
+    function onData(data) {
+      buffer += data;
+      var lines = buffer.split("\r\n");
+      buffer = lines.pop();
+      for (var i = 0; i < lines.length; i++) {
+        var line = lines[i];
+        if (!line) continue;
+        var code = parseInt(line.slice(0, 3), 10);
+        if (line[3] === "-") continue; // continuation line
+        try { handleResponse(code); }
+        catch (e) { fail(e.message || String(e)); return; }
+        if (settled) return;
+      }
+    }
+
+    function attachSocket(s) {
+      socket = s;
+      socket.setEncoding("utf8");
+      socket.setTimeout(cfg.timeoutMs);
+      socket.on("data", onData);
+      socket.on("error", function (err) { fail(err.message || String(err)); });
+      socket.on("timeout", function () { fail("timeout"); });
+    }
+
+    function connect() {
+      if (cfg.useImplicitTLS) {
+        var tlsConnectOpts = Object.assign({}, cfg.tlsOpts);
+        if (cfg.servername) tlsConnectOpts.servername = cfg.servername;
+        attachSocket(tls().connect(cfg.port, cfg.host, tlsConnectOpts));
+      } else {
+        attachSocket(net().createConnection(cfg.port, cfg.host));
+      }
+    }
+
+    function handleResponse(code) {
+      if (step === SMTP_STEP_GREETING) {
+        if (code !== 220) { fail("greeting-rejected (code " + code + ")"); return; }
+        send("EHLO " + cfg.ehloName); step = SMTP_STEP_EHLO_RESP;
+      }
+      else if (step === SMTP_STEP_EHLO_RESP) {
+        if (code < 200 || code >= 300) { fail("ehlo-rejected (code " + code + ")"); return; }
+        if (!cfg.useImplicitTLS && !upgradedToTLS) { send("STARTTLS"); step = SMTP_STEP_STARTTLS; }
+        else if (cfg.user) { send("AUTH LOGIN"); step = SMTP_STEP_AUTH_USER; }
+        else { send("MAIL FROM:<" + fromAddr + ">"); step = SMTP_STEP_MAIL_FROM; }
+      }
+      else if (step === SMTP_STEP_STARTTLS) {
+        if (code !== 220) { fail("starttls-rejected (code " + code + ")"); return; }
+        var tlsConnectOpts = Object.assign({ socket: socket }, cfg.tlsOpts);
+        if (cfg.servername) tlsConnectOpts.servername = cfg.servername;
+        var tlsSocket = tls().connect(tlsConnectOpts, function () {
+          upgradedToTLS = true;
+          try { socket.removeAllListeners("data"); } catch (_e) { /* listeners migrate to upgraded socket */ }
+          attachSocket(tlsSocket);
+          send("EHLO " + cfg.ehloName);
+          step = SMTP_STEP_EHLO_RESP;
+        });
+        tlsSocket.on("error", function (err) {
+          fail("tls-upgrade: " + (err.message || String(err)));
+        });
+      }
+      else if (step === SMTP_STEP_AUTH_USER) {
+        if (code !== 334) { fail("auth-username-rejected (code " + code + ")"); return; }
+        send(Buffer.from(cfg.user || "").toString("base64")); step = SMTP_STEP_AUTH_PASS;
+      }
+      else if (step === SMTP_STEP_AUTH_PASS) {
+        if (code !== 334) { fail("auth-password-rejected (code " + code + ")"); return; }
+        send(Buffer.from(cfg.pass || "").toString("base64")); step = SMTP_STEP_AUTH_FINAL;
+      }
+      else if (step === SMTP_STEP_AUTH_FINAL) {
+        if (code !== 235) { fail("auth-failed (code " + code + ")"); return; }
+        send("MAIL FROM:<" + fromAddr + ">"); step = SMTP_STEP_MAIL_FROM;
+      }
+      else if (step === SMTP_STEP_MAIL_FROM) {
+        if (code < 200 || code >= 300) { fail("mail-from-rejected (code " + code + ")"); return; }
+        send("RCPT TO:<" + rcpts[rcptIndex++] + ">"); step = SMTP_STEP_RCPT_TO;
+      }
+      else if (step === SMTP_STEP_RCPT_TO) {
+        if (code < 200 || code >= 300) { fail("rcpt-rejected (code " + code + ")"); return; }
+        if (rcptIndex < rcpts.length) {
+          send("RCPT TO:<" + rcpts[rcptIndex++] + ">");
+        } else {
+          send("DATA"); step = SMTP_STEP_DATA;
+        }
+      }
+      else if (step === SMTP_STEP_DATA) {
+        if (code !== 354) { fail("data-rejected (code " + code + ")"); return; }
+        send(dataMessage + "\r\n.");
+        step = SMTP_STEP_BODY;
+      }
+      else if (step === SMTP_STEP_BODY) {
+        var ok = code === 250;
+        done(ok, code);
+      }
+    }
+
+    try { connect(); }
+    catch (e) { fail(e.message || String(e)); }
+  });
+}
+
+// ---- Generic HTTP transport ----
+//
+// Vendor-agnostic transport for any mail API that speaks HTTP. Operators
+// supply three things: an endpoint, a serialize() that turns the
+// framework-shaped message into the vendor's request body + headers,
+// and an interpret() that reads the vendor's response and decides
+// success vs failure. Uses lib/http-client so PQC TLS, response caps,
+// and timeout handling come for free.
+//
+//   httpTransport({
+//     name:             "postmark",            // appears in result + error codes
+//     endpoint:         "https://...",         // POST target
+//     method:           "POST",                // default POST
+//     headers:          { ... },               // base headers (auth, content-type, ...)
+//     timeoutMs:        15000,
+//     allowedProtocols: safeUrl.ALLOW_HTTP_TLS, // default HTTPS-only
+//     serialize: function (message) {
+//       // → { headers?: {...}, body: string | Buffer }
+//     },
+//     interpret: function (res, message) {
+//       // res = { statusCode, headers, body: Buffer }
+//       // → { ok: true, id?: "..." } | { ok: false, reason: "..." }
+//       // throw a MailError for permanent / structural failures
+//     },
+//   })
+//
+// Errors carry a `mail/<name>-*` code so logs identify which provider
+// rejected which message (mail/postmark-failed, mail/resend-rejected,
+// etc.). HTTPS-only is the default — pass safeUrl.ALLOW_HTTP_ALL via
+// opts.allowedProtocols only for local test fixtures.
+
+function httpTransport(opts) {
+  opts = opts || {};
+  if (!opts.endpoint || typeof opts.endpoint !== "string") {
+    throw new MailError("mail/http-misconfigured",
+      "http transport requires opts.endpoint", true);
+  }
+  if (typeof opts.serialize !== "function") {
+    throw new MailError("mail/http-misconfigured",
+      "http transport requires opts.serialize(message) → { headers?, body }", true);
+  }
+  var name             = opts.name || "http";
+  var method           = (opts.method || "POST").toUpperCase();
+  var endpoint         = opts.endpoint;
+  var baseHeaders      = opts.headers || {};
+  var timeoutMs        = opts.timeoutMs || C.TIME.seconds(15);
+  var allowedProtocols = opts.allowedProtocols || null;
+  var allowInternal    = opts.allowInternal != null ? opts.allowInternal : null;
+  var interpret        = typeof opts.interpret === "function" ? opts.interpret : null;
+  var serialize        = opts.serialize;
+  var codePrefix       = "mail/" + name;
+
+  return {
+    name: name,
+    send: async function (message) {
+      var serialized = serialize(message);
+      if (!serialized || typeof serialized !== "object") {
+        throw new MailError(codePrefix + "-bad-serializer",
+          "serialize() must return { headers?, body }", false);
+      }
+      var body = serialized.body;
+      if (typeof body === "string") body = Buffer.from(body, "utf8");
+      if (!Buffer.isBuffer(body)) {
+        throw new MailError(codePrefix + "-bad-serializer",
+          "serialize() body must be a string or Buffer", false);
+      }
+      var headers = Object.assign({}, baseHeaders, serialized.headers || {});
+      // Default Content-Length when caller hasn't asserted chunked
+      // transfer; keeps small JSON payloads from being chunked needlessly.
+      var hasLen = false;
+      for (var hk in headers) {
+        if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(headers, hk) &&
+            hk.toLowerCase() === "content-length") { hasLen = true; break; }
+      }
+      if (!hasLen) headers["Content-Length"] = body.length;
+
+      var reqOpts = {
+        method:     method,
+        url:        endpoint,
+        headers:    headers,
+        body:       body,
+        timeoutMs:  timeoutMs,
+        errorClass: MailError, // http-client constructs (code, message, permanent, statusCode)
+      };
+      if (allowedProtocols) reqOpts.allowedProtocols = allowedProtocols;
+      if (allowInternal !== null) reqOpts.allowInternal = allowInternal;
+
+      var res;
+      try {
+        res = await httpClient().request(reqOpts);
+      } catch (e) {
+        // http-client constructs a MailError via opts.errorClass on
+        // non-2xx / network / timeout, with its own code domain
+        // (HTTP_ERROR, ETIMEDOUT, ...). Rewrap into mail/<name>-failed
+        // so the consumer-facing code identifies the provider while
+        // preserving the original as `cause` and the HTTP statusCode.
+        var wrapped = new MailError(codePrefix + "-failed",
+          name + " request failed: " + ((e && e.message) || String(e)),
+          false,
+          e && typeof e.statusCode === "number" ? e.statusCode : undefined);
+        wrapped.cause = e;
+        throw wrapped;
+      }
+
+      var info = { transport: name, deliveredAt: Date.now() };
+      if (typeof res.statusCode === "number") info.statusCode = res.statusCode;
+
+      if (!interpret) return info;
+
+      var verdict;
+      try { verdict = interpret(res, message); }
+      catch (e) {
+        if (e && e.isMailError) throw e;
+        throw new MailError(codePrefix + "-interpret-failed",
+          "interpret() threw: " + ((e && e.message) || String(e)), false);
+      }
+      if (!verdict || verdict.ok === false) {
+        var reason = (verdict && verdict.reason) || "rejected";
+        var err = new MailError(codePrefix + "-rejected",
+          name + " rejected message: " + reason, false);
+        if (verdict && typeof verdict.statusCode === "number") err.statusCode = verdict.statusCode;
+        throw err;
+      }
+      if (verdict.id)    info.id = verdict.id;
+      if (verdict.extra) Object.assign(info, verdict.extra);
+      return info;
+    },
+  };
+}
+
+// ---- Resend preset ----
+//
+// Thin convenience wrapper that wires httpTransport to Resend's API.
+// Operators wanting Postmark / Mailgun / SES HTTP / SendGrid build the
+// same shape against httpTransport directly — this preset exists to
+// document the pattern, not to privilege any single vendor.
+
+function resendTransport(opts) {
+  opts = opts || {};
+  if (!opts.apiKey || typeof opts.apiKey !== "string") {
+    throw new MailError("mail/resend-misconfigured",
+      "resend transport requires opts.apiKey", true);
+  }
+  return httpTransport({
+    name:             "resend",
+    endpoint:         opts.endpoint || "https://api.resend.com/emails",
+    method:           "POST",
+    timeoutMs:        opts.timeoutMs || C.TIME.seconds(15),
+    allowedProtocols: opts.allowedProtocols || null,
+    allowInternal:    opts.allowInternal != null ? opts.allowInternal : null,
+    headers: {
+      "Authorization": "Bearer " + opts.apiKey,
+      "Content-Type":  "application/json",
+    },
+    serialize: function (message) {
+      var payload = {
+        from:    message.from,
+        to:      Array.isArray(message.to) ? message.to : [message.to],
+        subject: message.subject || "",
+      };
+      if (message.cc)      payload.cc       = Array.isArray(message.cc)  ? message.cc  : [message.cc];
+      if (message.bcc)     payload.bcc      = Array.isArray(message.bcc) ? message.bcc : [message.bcc];
+      if (message.replyTo) payload.reply_to = message.replyTo;
+      if (message.html)    payload.html     = message.html;
+      if (message.text)    payload.text     = message.text;
+      if (message.headers) payload.headers  = message.headers;
+      // Resend attachments shape: [{ filename, content (base64 string),
+      // contentType?, content_id? }]. Inline images via cid go through
+      // the content_id field (Resend renders <img src="cid:...">).
+      if (Array.isArray(message.attachments) && message.attachments.length > 0) {
+        payload.attachments = message.attachments.map(function (att) {
+          var buf = Buffer.isBuffer(att.content) ? att.content : Buffer.from(String(att.content), "utf8");
+          var entry = {
+            filename: att.filename,
+            content:  buf.toString("base64"),
+          };
+          if (att.contentType) entry.contentType = att.contentType;
+          if (att.cid)         entry.content_id  = att.cid;
+          return entry;
+        });
+      }
+      return { body: JSON.stringify(payload) };
+    },
+    interpret: function (res) {
+      var text = res.body ? res.body.toString("utf8") : "";
+      var data;
+      // Cap on diagnostic-message snippet length (chars, not bytes) — keeps
+      // a hostile or huge backend response from blowing up the error message.
+      var DIAG_SNIPPET_LEN = 0xC8;
+      try { data = safeJson.parse(text, { maxBytes: MAIL_RESPONSE_MAX_BYTES }); }
+      catch (_e) {
+        throw new MailError("mail/resend-bad-response",
+          "resend response was not JSON: " + text.slice(0, DIAG_SNIPPET_LEN), false);
+      }
+      if (!data.id) {
+        return {
+          ok:     false,
+          reason: data.message || JSON.stringify(data).slice(0, DIAG_SNIPPET_LEN),
+        };
+      }
+      return { ok: true, id: data.id };
+    },
+  });
+}
+
+// ---- Engine instance ----
+
+function create(opts) {
+  opts = opts || {};
+  validateOpts(opts, [
+    "transport", "defaults", "audit",
+  ], "mail");
+  var transport = opts.transport || consoleTransport();
+  if (typeof transport === "function") {
+    transport = { send: transport, name: "anonymous" };
+  }
+  if (!transport || typeof transport.send !== "function") {
+    throw new MailError("mail/bad-transport",
+      "opts.transport must be a function or an object with .send(message)", true);
+  }
+  var defaults = opts.defaults || {};
+  var auditOn = opts.audit !== false;
+
+  function _emit(action, info) {
+    if (!auditOn) return;
+    audit().safeEmit({
+      action:   action,
+      outcome:  info.outcome || (action.endsWith(".failure") ? "failure" : "success"),
+      actor:    info.actor || {},
+      // Recipient COUNT, not addresses — addresses can be PII; the
+      // framework's audit chain shouldn't carry them by default.
+      // Operators who need full address logging set their own audit
+      // hook with whatever PII discipline they want.
+      metadata: {
+        transport:     transport.name || "custom",
+        subject:       info.subject || "",
+        toCount:       info.toCount,
+        ccCount:       info.ccCount,
+        bccCount:      info.bccCount,
+        durationMs:    info.durationMs,
+      },
+      reason:   info.reason || null,
+    });
+  }
+
+  async function send(message) {
+    var merged = _mergeMessage(defaults, message);
+    _validateMessage(merged);
+
+    var t0 = Date.now();
+    try {
+      var result = await transport.send(merged);
+      _emit("mail.send.success", {
+        subject:    merged.subject,
+        toCount:    Array.isArray(merged.to)  ? merged.to.length  : 1,
+        ccCount:    Array.isArray(merged.cc)  ? merged.cc.length  : (merged.cc  ? 1 : 0),
+        bccCount:   Array.isArray(merged.bcc) ? merged.bcc.length : (merged.bcc ? 1 : 0),
+        durationMs: Date.now() - t0,
+      });
+      return result;
+    } catch (e) {
+      _emit("mail.send.failure", {
+        subject:    merged.subject,
+        toCount:    Array.isArray(merged.to)  ? merged.to.length  : 1,
+        ccCount:    Array.isArray(merged.cc)  ? merged.cc.length  : (merged.cc  ? 1 : 0),
+        bccCount:   Array.isArray(merged.bcc) ? merged.bcc.length : (merged.bcc ? 1 : 0),
+        durationMs: Date.now() - t0,
+        outcome:    "failure",
+        reason:     (e && e.message) || String(e),
+      });
+      // Re-throw as MailError when the upstream wasn't already one,
+      // preserving the cause for diagnostic chains.
+      if (e && e.isMailError) throw e;
+      var wrapped = new MailError("mail/transport-failed",
+        "transport '" + (transport.name || "custom") + "' failed: " + ((e && e.message) || String(e)),
+        false);
+      wrapped.cause = e;
+      throw wrapped;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return {
+    send:      send,
+    transport: transport,
+    defaults:  defaults,
+  };
+}
+
+module.exports = {
+  create:     create,
+  MailError:  MailError,
+  // DKIM-Signature header generation for outbound mail (rsa-sha256
+  // default, ed25519-sha256 opt-in). Wire it into the smtp transport
+  // via opts.dkimSigner. See lib/mail-dkim.js for the full surface.
+  dkim:       mailDkim,
+  // Test-only export: lets unit tests inspect the wire format without
+  // standing up a TLS-capable SMTP fixture. Operators don't call this.
+  _buildRfc822ForTest: _buildRfc822,
+  transports: {
+    console: consoleTransport,
+    memory:  memoryTransport,
+    smtp:    smtpTransport,
+    http:    httpTransport,
+    resend:  resendTransport,
+  },
+};