@blamejs/core 0.7.18 → 0.7.19

package/lib/storage.js

@@ -1,471 +1,471 @@
-"use strict";
-/**
- * Storage abstraction — multi-backend, classification-routed, residency-
- * enforced file storage with per-file vault-sealed encryption.
- *
- * Two configuration shapes (both supported, internally normalized to
- * the multi-backend form):
- *
- *   1. Single-backend (legacy shape — preserved):
- *        storage.init({ backend: 'local', uploadDir: './data/uploads' })
- *
- *   2. Multi-backend:
- *        storage.init({
- *          backends: {
- *            'eu-private': { protocol: 'http-put', baseUrl: '...',
- *                            classifications: ['personal'], residencyTag: 'EU' },
- *            'us-ops':     { protocol: 'local', rootDir: '/data/ops',
- *                            classifications: ['operational', 'public'],
- *                            residencyTag: 'US' },
- *          },
- *          defaultClassification: 'personal',
- *          refuseUnclassified:    true,
- *        });
- *
- * Classification routing (per-call):
- *   storage.saveFile(buf, 'invoice.pdf', { classification: 'personal' })
- *     → routes to a backend whose `classifications` includes 'personal'.
- *   storage.saveFile(buf, 'logo.png', { backend: 'us-ops' })
- *     → explicit backend; framework still validates the backend serves
- *        the classification.
- *
- * Residency enforcement (boot-time):
- *   - If db.getDataResidency() declares a region, every backend serving the
- *     'personal' classification must have residencyTag === region (or be
- *     listed in dataResidency.allowedStorageRegions).
- *   - Refuses to boot otherwise — catches operator misconfiguration where
- *     a US-region backend was configured for personal data in an EU app.
- *
- * Audit hooks:
- *   - Every saveFile records a 'system.storage.write' event with metadata
- *     { backend, classification, residencyTag, sizeBytes }.
- *   - getFile records 'system.storage.read'.
- *   - delete records 'system.storage.delete'.
- *
- * Public API (sync entry, async ops since backends may be remote):
- *   storage.init(opts)                                            (sync)
- *   storage.saveFile(buffer, key, opts?)        async →  { storedPath, encryptionKey, backend, classification }
- *   storage.getFileBuffer(storedPath, sealedKey, opts?) async → Buffer
- *   storage.getFileStream(storedPath, sealedKey, opts?) async → Readable
- *   storage.saveRaw(buffer, key, opts?)         async → { storedPath, backend }
- *   storage.getRawBuffer(storedPath, opts?)     async → Buffer
- *   storage.deleteFile(storedPath, opts?)       async → boolean
- *   storage.exists(storedPath, opts?)           async → boolean
- *   storage.presignedUploadUrl(key, opts?)              → { url, method, headers, expiresAt }
- *   storage.presignedDownloadUrl(key, opts?)            → { url, method, headers, expiresAt }
- *   storage.presignedUploadPolicy(key, opts)            → { url, method, fields, expiresAt, maxBytes, enforcement }
- *   storage.listBackends()                              → [{ name, protocol, classifications, residencyTag }]
- *   storage.getBackend(name)                            → backend instance (or null)
- */
-var C = require("./constants");
-var { generateBytes, encryptPacked, decryptPacked } = require("./crypto");
-var objectStore = require("./object-store");
-var lazyRequire = require("./lazy-require");
-var { StorageError } = require("./framework-error");
-
-var vault = lazyRequire(function () { return require("./vault"); });
-var audit = lazyRequire(function () { return require("./audit"); });
-var db    = lazyRequire(function () { return require("./db"); });
-
-var initialized = false;
-var backends = {};                    // name → backend instance from object-store
-var defaultClassification = null;
-var refuseUnclassified = false;
-
-var _err = StorageError.factory;
-
-// ---- Init ----
-
-function init(opts) {
-  if (initialized) return;
-  if (!opts) throw _err("INVALID_CONFIG", "storage.init() requires options", true);
-
-  // Normalize single-backend config into multi-backend form
-  var normalized = _normalizeConfig(opts);
-
-  defaultClassification = normalized.defaultClassification;
-  refuseUnclassified    = !!normalized.refuseUnclassified;
-
-  backends = {};
-  for (var name in normalized.backends) {
-    var cfg = Object.assign({}, normalized.backends[name], { name: name });
-    backends[name] = objectStore.buildBackend(cfg);
-  }
-
-  // Boot-time residency validation
-  _validateResidency();
-
-  initialized = true;
-}
-
-function _normalizeConfig(opts) {
-  if (opts.backends) {
-    return {
-      backends:              opts.backends,
-      defaultClassification: opts.defaultClassification || null,
-      refuseUnclassified:    !!opts.refuseUnclassified,
-    };
-  }
-  // Single-backend syntax: { backend, uploadDir, ... }
-  if (opts.backend) {
-    if (opts.backend === "s3") {
-      throw _err("INVALID_CONFIG",
-        "storage backend 's3' is now spelled 'sigv4' (covers AWS S3, R2, B2, " +
-        "MinIO, Wasabi, Tigris, DO Spaces, IDrive e2, Storj, Linode). " +
-        "Use { backend: 'sigv4', endpoint, region, bucket, accessKeyId, secretAccessKey }.",
-        true);
-    }
-    if (opts.backend === "local") {
-      return {
-        backends: {
-          "default": {
-            protocol:        "local",
-            rootDir:         opts.uploadDir,
-            classifications: ["*"],
-            residencyTag:    "unrestricted",
-          },
-        },
-        defaultClassification: null,
-        refuseUnclassified:    false,
-      };
-    }
-    if (opts.backend === "http-put" || opts.backend === "sigv4" || opts.backend === "gcs" || opts.backend === "azure-blob") {
-      // Forward as-is; user provided a single-backend spec for a remote protocol
-      return {
-        backends: { "default": Object.assign({}, opts, { name: undefined }) },
-        defaultClassification: null,
-        refuseUnclassified:    false,
-      };
-    }
-    throw _err("INVALID_CONFIG",
-      "storage.init: unknown backend '" + opts.backend + "'", true);
-  }
-  throw _err("INVALID_CONFIG",
-    "storage.init: must provide either { backend } or { backends }", true);
-}
-
-function _validateResidency() {
-  var residency;
-  try { residency = db().getDataResidency(); } catch (_e) { residency = null; }
-  if (!residency || !residency.region) return;
-
-  var allowed = [residency.region].concat(residency.allowedStorageRegions || []);
-
-  for (var name in backends) {
-    var b = backends[name];
-    var serves = b.classifications.indexOf("*") !== -1 || b.classifications.indexOf("personal") !== -1;
-    if (!serves) continue;
-    if (allowed.indexOf(b.residencyTag) === -1) {
-      throw _err(
-        "RESIDENCY_VIOLATION",
-        "backend '" + name + "' serves 'personal' data with residencyTag '" + b.residencyTag +
-        "' but app's dataResidency.region is '" + residency.region + "' (allowed: " + allowed.join(", ") + ")",
-        true
-      );
-    }
-  }
-
-  // If defaultClassification is 'personal', confirm at least one backend serves it
-  if (defaultClassification === "personal") {
-    var found = false;
-    for (var n in backends) {
-      if (backends[n].servesClassification("personal")) { found = true; break; }
-    }
-    if (!found) {
-      throw _err("NO_PERSONAL_BACKEND",
-        "defaultClassification='personal' but no backend declares 'personal' in classifications", true);
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-// ---- Backend selection ----
-
-function _pickBackend(opts) {
-  opts = opts || {};
-  if (opts.backend) {
-    var b = backends[opts.backend];
-    if (!b) throw _err("UNKNOWN_BACKEND", "no backend named '" + opts.backend + "'", true);
-    if (opts.classification && !b.servesClassification(opts.classification)) {
-      throw _err("CLASSIFICATION_MISMATCH",
-        "backend '" + opts.backend + "' does not serve classification '" + opts.classification + "'", true);
-    }
-    return { backend: b, classification: opts.classification || null };
-  }
-
-  // refuseUnclassified forces every call to declare classification explicitly,
-  // even when defaultClassification is configured. The default is for
-  // convenience; refuseUnclassified is for explicit boundary enforcement.
-  if (refuseUnclassified && !opts.classification) {
-    throw _err("UNCLASSIFIED",
-      "saveFile requires { classification } (or set { backend } explicitly); " +
-      "framework is configured with refuseUnclassified: true", true);
-  }
-  var classification = opts.classification || defaultClassification;
-  if (!classification) {
-    // No classification + no refusal → pick any backend
-    for (var n in backends) return { backend: backends[n], classification: null };
-    throw _err("NO_BACKENDS", "no backends configured", true);
-  }
-
-  for (var name in backends) {
-    if (backends[name].servesClassification(classification)) {
-      return { backend: backends[name], classification: classification };
-    }
-  }
-  throw _err("NO_BACKEND_FOR_CLASSIFICATION",
-    "no backend serves classification '" + classification + "'", true);
-}
-
-// ---- File encryption helpers ----
-
-function _encryptBuffer(buffer) {
-  var key = generateBytes(C.BYTES.bytes(32));
-  var packed = encryptPacked(buffer, key);
-  var sealedKey = vault().seal(key.toString("base64"));
-  return { data: packed, encryptionKey: sealedKey };
-}
-
-function _decryptBuffer(packed, sealedKey) {
-  if (!sealedKey) {
-    throw _err("KEY_REQUIRED", "encryptionKey is required (no legacy plaintext support)", true);
-  }
-  var key = Buffer.from(vault().unseal(sealedKey), "base64");
-  return decryptPacked(packed, key);
-}
-
-// ---- Audit emission ----
-
-function _emit(action, info) {
-  // safeEmit handles default-fill + try/catch. Audit must never block
-  // storage operations — if it fails the missing entry shows up at the
-  // next chain verify.
-  audit().safeEmit({ action: action, ...(info || {}) });
-}
-
-// ---- Public API ----
-
-async function saveFile(buffer, key, opts) {
-  _requireInit();
-  if (!Buffer.isBuffer(buffer)) throw _err("INVALID_BODY", "saveFile body must be a Buffer", true);
-  opts = opts || {};
-  var picked = _pickBackend(opts);
-  var enc = _encryptBuffer(buffer);
-  var result = await picked.backend.put(key, enc.data, opts);
-  _emit("system.storage.write", {
-    metadata: {
-      backend:        picked.backend.name,
-      classification: picked.classification,
-      residencyTag:   picked.backend.residencyTag,
-      key:            key,
-      sizeBytes:      result.size != null ? result.size : enc.data.length,
-    },
-  });
-  return {
-    storedPath:    key,
-    encryptionKey: enc.encryptionKey,
-    backend:       picked.backend.name,
-    classification: picked.classification,
-  };
-}
-
-async function getFileBuffer(key, sealedKey, opts) {
-  _requireInit();
-  opts = opts || {};
-  var picked = _pickBackend(opts);
-  var packed = await picked.backend.get(key);
-  var decrypted = _decryptBuffer(packed, sealedKey);
-  _emit("system.storage.read", {
-    metadata: {
-      backend: picked.backend.name,
-      key:     key,
-      sizeBytes: decrypted.length,
-    },
-  });
-  return decrypted;
-}
-
-async function getFileStream(key, sealedKey, opts) {
-  // Buffer-then-stream: per-file XChaCha20 encryption needs the whole
-  // ciphertext to verify the AEAD tag before any plaintext can be released
-  // to the consumer. Chunked-encryption with per-chunk AEAD would let us
-  // stream end-to-end, but at the cost of finer-grained tampering windows.
-  var buf = await getFileBuffer(key, sealedKey, opts);
-  return require("stream").Readable.from(buf);
-}
-
-async function saveRaw(buffer, key, opts) {
-  _requireInit();
-  if (!Buffer.isBuffer(buffer)) throw _err("INVALID_BODY", "saveRaw body must be a Buffer", true);
-  opts = opts || {};
-  var picked = _pickBackend(opts);
-  var result = await picked.backend.put(key, buffer, opts);
-  _emit("system.storage.write", {
-    metadata: {
-      backend:        picked.backend.name,
-      classification: picked.classification,
-      residencyTag:   picked.backend.residencyTag,
-      key:            key,
-      sizeBytes:      result.size != null ? result.size : buffer.length,
-      raw:            true,
-    },
-  });
-  return { storedPath: key, backend: picked.backend.name };
-}
-
-async function getRawBuffer(key, opts) {
-  _requireInit();
-  opts = opts || {};
-  var picked = _pickBackend(opts);
-  return picked.backend.get(key);
-}
-
-async function deleteFile(key, opts) {
-  _requireInit();
-  opts = opts || {};
-  var picked = _pickBackend(opts);
-  var result = await picked.backend.delete(key);
-  _emit("system.storage.delete", {
-    metadata: {
-      backend: picked.backend.name,
-      key:     key,
-      existed: result,
-    },
-  });
-  return result;
-}
-
-async function exists(key, opts) {
-  _requireInit();
-  opts = opts || {};
-  var picked = _pickBackend(opts);
-  try {
-    await picked.backend.head(key);
-    return true;
-  } catch (e) {
-    if (e && e.code === "NOT_FOUND") return false;
-    throw e;
-  }
-}
-
-function listBackends() {
-  _requireInit();
-  var out = [];
-  for (var name in backends) {
-    out.push({
-      name:            name,
-      protocol:        backends[name].protocol,
-      classifications: backends[name].classifications.slice(),
-      residencyTag:    backends[name].residencyTag,
-      breakerState:    backends[name].breaker.getState(),
-    });
-  }
-  return out;
-}
-
-function _presign(direction, key, opts) {
-  _requireInit();
-  if (typeof key !== "string" || key.length === 0) {
-    throw _err("INVALID_KEY", "presigned" + direction + "Url: key is required", true);
-  }
-  opts = opts || {};
-  var picked = _pickBackend(opts);
-  var fnName = "presigned" + direction + "Url";
-  if (typeof picked.backend[fnName] !== "function") {
-    throw _err("PRESIGN_NOT_SUPPORTED",
-      "backend '" + picked.backend.name + "' (protocol '" + picked.backend.protocol +
-      "') does not support presigned " + direction.toLowerCase() + " URLs", true);
-  }
-  var result = picked.backend[fnName](Object.assign({}, opts, { key: key }));
-  _emit("system.storage.presign", {
-    metadata: {
-      direction:      direction.toLowerCase(),
-      backend:        picked.backend.name,
-      classification: picked.classification,
-      residencyTag:   picked.backend.residencyTag,
-      key:            key,
-      expiresAt:      result.expiresAt,
-    },
-  });
-  return result;
-}
-
-function presignedUploadUrl(key, opts)   { return _presign("Upload", key, opts); }
-function presignedDownloadUrl(key, opts) { return _presign("Download", key, opts); }
-
-// presignedUploadPolicy — issues a POST-form policy (or vendor-equivalent
-// PUT) that the client uses to upload directly to the object store with
-// server-side body-size enforcement. Distinct from presignedUploadUrl
-// because that signs only the URL; this signs a full policy document
-// that includes a content-length-range condition.
-//
-// Vendor enforcement:
-//   sigv4    — content-length-range condition; S3 rejects bodies outside
-//   gcs      — content-length-range condition; GCS rejects bodies outside
-//   azure    — SAS doesn't natively cap body size; returns SAS PUT URL
-//              with enforcement: "client-only" — operator must HEAD the
-//              blob post-upload and reject if oversize
-//   local    — NOT_SUPPORTED (use saveFile directly)
-//   http-put — NOT_SUPPORTED (no signing convention)
-function presignedUploadPolicy(key, opts) {
-  _requireInit();
-  if (typeof key !== "string" || key.length === 0) {
-    throw _err("INVALID_KEY", "presignedUploadPolicy: key is required", true);
-  }
-  opts = opts || {};
-  var picked = _pickBackend(opts);
-  if (typeof picked.backend.presignedUploadPolicy !== "function") {
-    throw _err("PRESIGN_NOT_SUPPORTED",
-      "backend '" + picked.backend.name + "' (protocol '" + picked.backend.protocol +
-      "') does not support presigned upload policies", true);
-  }
-  var result = picked.backend.presignedUploadPolicy(Object.assign({}, opts, { key: key }));
-  _emit("system.storage.presign", {
-    metadata: {
-      direction:      "upload-policy",
-      backend:        picked.backend.name,
-      classification: picked.classification,
-      residencyTag:   picked.backend.residencyTag,
-      key:            key,
-      expiresAt:      result.expiresAt,
-      maxBytes:       result.maxBytes,
-      enforcement:    result.enforcement,
-    },
-  });
-  return result;
-}
-
-function getBackend(name) {
-  _requireInit();
-  return backends[name] || null;
-}
-
-function _requireInit() {
-  if (!initialized) throw _err("NOT_INITIALIZED", "storage.init() must be called before any file operation", true);
-}
-
-function _resetForTest() {
-  initialized = false;
-  backends = {};
-  defaultClassification = null;
-  refuseUnclassified = false;
-  vault.reset();
-  audit.reset();
-  db.reset();
-}
-
-module.exports = {
-  init:           init,
-  saveFile:       saveFile,
-  getFileBuffer:  getFileBuffer,
-  getFileStream:  getFileStream,
-  saveRaw:        saveRaw,
-  getRawBuffer:   getRawBuffer,
-  deleteFile:     deleteFile,
-  exists:         exists,
-  presignedUploadUrl:    presignedUploadUrl,
-  presignedDownloadUrl:  presignedDownloadUrl,
-  presignedUploadPolicy: presignedUploadPolicy,
-  listBackends:   listBackends,
-  getBackend:     getBackend,
-  _resetForTest:  _resetForTest,
-};
+"use strict";
+/**
+ * Storage abstraction — multi-backend, classification-routed, residency-
+ * enforced file storage with per-file vault-sealed encryption.
+ *
+ * Two configuration shapes (both supported, internally normalized to
+ * the multi-backend form):
+ *
+ *   1. Single-backend (legacy shape — preserved):
+ *        storage.init({ backend: 'local', uploadDir: './data/uploads' })
+ *
+ *   2. Multi-backend:
+ *        storage.init({
+ *          backends: {
+ *            'eu-private': { protocol: 'http-put', baseUrl: '...',
+ *                            classifications: ['personal'], residencyTag: 'EU' },
+ *            'us-ops':     { protocol: 'local', rootDir: '/data/ops',
+ *                            classifications: ['operational', 'public'],
+ *                            residencyTag: 'US' },
+ *          },
+ *          defaultClassification: 'personal',
+ *          refuseUnclassified:    true,
+ *        });
+ *
+ * Classification routing (per-call):
+ *   storage.saveFile(buf, 'invoice.pdf', { classification: 'personal' })
+ *     → routes to a backend whose `classifications` includes 'personal'.
+ *   storage.saveFile(buf, 'logo.png', { backend: 'us-ops' })
+ *     → explicit backend; framework still validates the backend serves
+ *        the classification.
+ *
+ * Residency enforcement (boot-time):
+ *   - If db.getDataResidency() declares a region, every backend serving the
+ *     'personal' classification must have residencyTag === region (or be
+ *     listed in dataResidency.allowedStorageRegions).
+ *   - Refuses to boot otherwise — catches operator misconfiguration where
+ *     a US-region backend was configured for personal data in an EU app.
+ *
+ * Audit hooks:
+ *   - Every saveFile records a 'system.storage.write' event with metadata
+ *     { backend, classification, residencyTag, sizeBytes }.
+ *   - getFile records 'system.storage.read'.
+ *   - delete records 'system.storage.delete'.
+ *
+ * Public API (sync entry, async ops since backends may be remote):
+ *   storage.init(opts)                                            (sync)
+ *   storage.saveFile(buffer, key, opts?)        async →  { storedPath, encryptionKey, backend, classification }
+ *   storage.getFileBuffer(storedPath, sealedKey, opts?) async → Buffer
+ *   storage.getFileStream(storedPath, sealedKey, opts?) async → Readable
+ *   storage.saveRaw(buffer, key, opts?)         async → { storedPath, backend }
+ *   storage.getRawBuffer(storedPath, opts?)     async → Buffer
+ *   storage.deleteFile(storedPath, opts?)       async → boolean
+ *   storage.exists(storedPath, opts?)           async → boolean
+ *   storage.presignedUploadUrl(key, opts?)              → { url, method, headers, expiresAt }
+ *   storage.presignedDownloadUrl(key, opts?)            → { url, method, headers, expiresAt }
+ *   storage.presignedUploadPolicy(key, opts)            → { url, method, fields, expiresAt, maxBytes, enforcement }
+ *   storage.listBackends()                              → [{ name, protocol, classifications, residencyTag }]
+ *   storage.getBackend(name)                            → backend instance (or null)
+ */
+var C = require("./constants");
+var { generateBytes, encryptPacked, decryptPacked } = require("./crypto");
+var objectStore = require("./object-store");
+var lazyRequire = require("./lazy-require");
+var { StorageError } = require("./framework-error");
+
+var vault = lazyRequire(function () { return require("./vault"); });
+var audit = lazyRequire(function () { return require("./audit"); });
+var db    = lazyRequire(function () { return require("./db"); });
+
+var initialized = false;
+var backends = {};                    // name → backend instance from object-store
+var defaultClassification = null;
+var refuseUnclassified = false;
+
+var _err = StorageError.factory;
+
+// ---- Init ----
+
+function init(opts) {
+  if (initialized) return;
+  if (!opts) throw _err("INVALID_CONFIG", "storage.init() requires options", true);
+
+  // Normalize single-backend config into multi-backend form
+  var normalized = _normalizeConfig(opts);
+
+  defaultClassification = normalized.defaultClassification;
+  refuseUnclassified    = !!normalized.refuseUnclassified;
+
+  backends = {};
+  for (var name in normalized.backends) {
+    var cfg = Object.assign({}, normalized.backends[name], { name: name });
+    backends[name] = objectStore.buildBackend(cfg);
+  }
+
+  // Boot-time residency validation
+  _validateResidency();
+
+  initialized = true;
+}
+
+function _normalizeConfig(opts) {
+  if (opts.backends) {
+    return {
+      backends:              opts.backends,
+      defaultClassification: opts.defaultClassification || null,
+      refuseUnclassified:    !!opts.refuseUnclassified,
+    };
+  }
+  // Single-backend syntax: { backend, uploadDir, ... }
+  if (opts.backend) {
+    if (opts.backend === "s3") {
+      throw _err("INVALID_CONFIG",
+        "storage backend 's3' is now spelled 'sigv4' (covers AWS S3, R2, B2, " +
+        "MinIO, Wasabi, Tigris, DO Spaces, IDrive e2, Storj, Linode). " +
+        "Use { backend: 'sigv4', endpoint, region, bucket, accessKeyId, secretAccessKey }.",
+        true);
+    }
+    if (opts.backend === "local") {
+      return {
+        backends: {
+          "default": {
+            protocol:        "local",
+            rootDir:         opts.uploadDir,
+            classifications: ["*"],
+            residencyTag:    "unrestricted",
+          },
+        },
+        defaultClassification: null,
+        refuseUnclassified:    false,
+      };
+    }
+    if (opts.backend === "http-put" || opts.backend === "sigv4" || opts.backend === "gcs" || opts.backend === "azure-blob") {
+      // Forward as-is; user provided a single-backend spec for a remote protocol
+      return {
+        backends: { "default": Object.assign({}, opts, { name: undefined }) },
+        defaultClassification: null,
+        refuseUnclassified:    false,
+      };
+    }
+    throw _err("INVALID_CONFIG",
+      "storage.init: unknown backend '" + opts.backend + "'", true);
+  }
+  throw _err("INVALID_CONFIG",
+    "storage.init: must provide either { backend } or { backends }", true);
+}
+
+function _validateResidency() {
+  var residency;
+  try { residency = db().getDataResidency(); } catch (_e) { residency = null; }
+  if (!residency || !residency.region) return;
+
+  var allowed = [residency.region].concat(residency.allowedStorageRegions || []);
+
+  for (var name in backends) {
+    var b = backends[name];
+    var serves = b.classifications.indexOf("*") !== -1 || b.classifications.indexOf("personal") !== -1;
+    if (!serves) continue;
+    if (allowed.indexOf(b.residencyTag) === -1) {
+      throw _err(
+        "RESIDENCY_VIOLATION",
+        "backend '" + name + "' serves 'personal' data with residencyTag '" + b.residencyTag +
+        "' but app's dataResidency.region is '" + residency.region + "' (allowed: " + allowed.join(", ") + ")",
+        true
+      );
+    }
+  }
+
+  // If defaultClassification is 'personal', confirm at least one backend serves it
+  if (defaultClassification === "personal") {
+    var found = false;
+    for (var n in backends) {
+      if (backends[n].servesClassification("personal")) { found = true; break; }
+    }
+    if (!found) {
+      throw _err("NO_PERSONAL_BACKEND",
+        "defaultClassification='personal' but no backend declares 'personal' in classifications", true);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+// ---- Backend selection ----
+
+function _pickBackend(opts) {
+  opts = opts || {};
+  if (opts.backend) {
+    var b = backends[opts.backend];
+    if (!b) throw _err("UNKNOWN_BACKEND", "no backend named '" + opts.backend + "'", true);
+    if (opts.classification && !b.servesClassification(opts.classification)) {
+      throw _err("CLASSIFICATION_MISMATCH",
+        "backend '" + opts.backend + "' does not serve classification '" + opts.classification + "'", true);
+    }
+    return { backend: b, classification: opts.classification || null };
+  }
+
+  // refuseUnclassified forces every call to declare classification explicitly,
+  // even when defaultClassification is configured. The default is for
+  // convenience; refuseUnclassified is for explicit boundary enforcement.
+  if (refuseUnclassified && !opts.classification) {
+    throw _err("UNCLASSIFIED",
+      "saveFile requires { classification } (or set { backend } explicitly); " +
+      "framework is configured with refuseUnclassified: true", true);
+  }
+  var classification = opts.classification || defaultClassification;
+  if (!classification) {
+    // No classification + no refusal → pick any backend
+    for (var n in backends) return { backend: backends[n], classification: null };
+    throw _err("NO_BACKENDS", "no backends configured", true);
+  }
+
+  for (var name in backends) {
+    if (backends[name].servesClassification(classification)) {
+      return { backend: backends[name], classification: classification };
+    }
+  }
+  throw _err("NO_BACKEND_FOR_CLASSIFICATION",
+    "no backend serves classification '" + classification + "'", true);
+}
+
+// ---- File encryption helpers ----
+
+function _encryptBuffer(buffer) {
+  var key = generateBytes(C.BYTES.bytes(32));
+  var packed = encryptPacked(buffer, key);
+  var sealedKey = vault().seal(key.toString("base64"));
+  return { data: packed, encryptionKey: sealedKey };
+}
+
+function _decryptBuffer(packed, sealedKey) {
+  if (!sealedKey) {
+    throw _err("KEY_REQUIRED", "encryptionKey is required (no legacy plaintext support)", true);
+  }
+  var key = Buffer.from(vault().unseal(sealedKey), "base64");
+  return decryptPacked(packed, key);
+}
+
+// ---- Audit emission ----
+
+function _emit(action, info) {
+  // safeEmit handles default-fill + try/catch. Audit must never block
+  // storage operations — if it fails the missing entry shows up at the
+  // next chain verify.
+  audit().safeEmit({ action: action, ...(info || {}) });
+}
+
+// ---- Public API ----
+
+async function saveFile(buffer, key, opts) {
+  _requireInit();
+  if (!Buffer.isBuffer(buffer)) throw _err("INVALID_BODY", "saveFile body must be a Buffer", true);
+  opts = opts || {};
+  var picked = _pickBackend(opts);
+  var enc = _encryptBuffer(buffer);
+  var result = await picked.backend.put(key, enc.data, opts);
+  _emit("system.storage.write", {
+    metadata: {
+      backend:        picked.backend.name,
+      classification: picked.classification,
+      residencyTag:   picked.backend.residencyTag,
+      key:            key,
+      sizeBytes:      result.size != null ? result.size : enc.data.length,
+    },
+  });
+  return {
+    storedPath:    key,
+    encryptionKey: enc.encryptionKey,
+    backend:       picked.backend.name,
+    classification: picked.classification,
+  };
+}
+
+async function getFileBuffer(key, sealedKey, opts) {
+  _requireInit();
+  opts = opts || {};
+  var picked = _pickBackend(opts);
+  var packed = await picked.backend.get(key);
+  var decrypted = _decryptBuffer(packed, sealedKey);
+  _emit("system.storage.read", {
+    metadata: {
+      backend: picked.backend.name,
+      key:     key,
+      sizeBytes: decrypted.length,
+    },
+  });
+  return decrypted;
+}
+
+async function getFileStream(key, sealedKey, opts) {
+  // Buffer-then-stream: per-file XChaCha20 encryption needs the whole
+  // ciphertext to verify the AEAD tag before any plaintext can be released
+  // to the consumer. Chunked-encryption with per-chunk AEAD would let us
+  // stream end-to-end, but at the cost of finer-grained tampering windows.
+  var buf = await getFileBuffer(key, sealedKey, opts);
+  return require("stream").Readable.from(buf);
+}
+
+async function saveRaw(buffer, key, opts) {
+  _requireInit();
+  if (!Buffer.isBuffer(buffer)) throw _err("INVALID_BODY", "saveRaw body must be a Buffer", true);
+  opts = opts || {};
+  var picked = _pickBackend(opts);
+  var result = await picked.backend.put(key, buffer, opts);
+  _emit("system.storage.write", {
+    metadata: {
+      backend:        picked.backend.name,
+      classification: picked.classification,
+      residencyTag:   picked.backend.residencyTag,
+      key:            key,
+      sizeBytes:      result.size != null ? result.size : buffer.length,
+      raw:            true,
+    },
+  });
+  return { storedPath: key, backend: picked.backend.name };
+}
+
+async function getRawBuffer(key, opts) {
+  _requireInit();
+  opts = opts || {};
+  var picked = _pickBackend(opts);
+  return picked.backend.get(key);
+}
+
+async function deleteFile(key, opts) {
+  _requireInit();
+  opts = opts || {};
+  var picked = _pickBackend(opts);
+  var result = await picked.backend.delete(key);
+  _emit("system.storage.delete", {
+    metadata: {
+      backend: picked.backend.name,
+      key:     key,
+      existed: result,
+    },
+  });
+  return result;
+}
+
+async function exists(key, opts) {
+  _requireInit();
+  opts = opts || {};
+  var picked = _pickBackend(opts);
+  try {
+    await picked.backend.head(key);
+    return true;
+  } catch (e) {
+    if (e && e.code === "NOT_FOUND") return false;
+    throw e;
+  }
+}
+
+function listBackends() {
+  _requireInit();
+  var out = [];
+  for (var name in backends) {
+    out.push({
+      name:            name,
+      protocol:        backends[name].protocol,
+      classifications: backends[name].classifications.slice(),
+      residencyTag:    backends[name].residencyTag,
+      breakerState:    backends[name].breaker.getState(),
+    });
+  }
+  return out;
+}
+
+function _presign(direction, key, opts) {
+  _requireInit();
+  if (typeof key !== "string" || key.length === 0) {
+    throw _err("INVALID_KEY", "presigned" + direction + "Url: key is required", true);
+  }
+  opts = opts || {};
+  var picked = _pickBackend(opts);
+  var fnName = "presigned" + direction + "Url";
+  if (typeof picked.backend[fnName] !== "function") {
+    throw _err("PRESIGN_NOT_SUPPORTED",
+      "backend '" + picked.backend.name + "' (protocol '" + picked.backend.protocol +
+      "') does not support presigned " + direction.toLowerCase() + " URLs", true);
+  }
+  var result = picked.backend[fnName](Object.assign({}, opts, { key: key }));
+  _emit("system.storage.presign", {
+    metadata: {
+      direction:      direction.toLowerCase(),
+      backend:        picked.backend.name,
+      classification: picked.classification,
+      residencyTag:   picked.backend.residencyTag,
+      key:            key,
+      expiresAt:      result.expiresAt,
+    },
+  });
+  return result;
+}
+
+function presignedUploadUrl(key, opts)   { return _presign("Upload", key, opts); }
+function presignedDownloadUrl(key, opts) { return _presign("Download", key, opts); }
+
+// presignedUploadPolicy — issues a POST-form policy (or vendor-equivalent
+// PUT) that the client uses to upload directly to the object store with
+// server-side body-size enforcement. Distinct from presignedUploadUrl
+// because that signs only the URL; this signs a full policy document
+// that includes a content-length-range condition.
+//
+// Vendor enforcement:
+//   sigv4    — content-length-range condition; S3 rejects bodies outside
+//   gcs      — content-length-range condition; GCS rejects bodies outside
+//   azure    — SAS doesn't natively cap body size; returns SAS PUT URL
+//              with enforcement: "client-only" — operator must HEAD the
+//              blob post-upload and reject if oversize
+//   local    — NOT_SUPPORTED (use saveFile directly)
+//   http-put — NOT_SUPPORTED (no signing convention)
+function presignedUploadPolicy(key, opts) {
+  _requireInit();
+  if (typeof key !== "string" || key.length === 0) {
+    throw _err("INVALID_KEY", "presignedUploadPolicy: key is required", true);
+  }
+  opts = opts || {};
+  var picked = _pickBackend(opts);
+  if (typeof picked.backend.presignedUploadPolicy !== "function") {
+    throw _err("PRESIGN_NOT_SUPPORTED",
+      "backend '" + picked.backend.name + "' (protocol '" + picked.backend.protocol +
+      "') does not support presigned upload policies", true);
+  }
+  var result = picked.backend.presignedUploadPolicy(Object.assign({}, opts, { key: key }));
+  _emit("system.storage.presign", {
+    metadata: {
+      direction:      "upload-policy",
+      backend:        picked.backend.name,
+      classification: picked.classification,
+      residencyTag:   picked.backend.residencyTag,
+      key:            key,
+      expiresAt:      result.expiresAt,
+      maxBytes:       result.maxBytes,
+      enforcement:    result.enforcement,
+    },
+  });
+  return result;
+}
+
+function getBackend(name) {
+  _requireInit();
+  return backends[name] || null;
+}
+
+function _requireInit() {
+  if (!initialized) throw _err("NOT_INITIALIZED", "storage.init() must be called before any file operation", true);
+}
+
+function _resetForTest() {
+  initialized = false;
+  backends = {};
+  defaultClassification = null;
+  refuseUnclassified = false;
+  vault.reset();
+  audit.reset();
+  db.reset();
+}
+
+module.exports = {
+  init:           init,
+  saveFile:       saveFile,
+  getFileBuffer:  getFileBuffer,
+  getFileStream:  getFileStream,
+  saveRaw:        saveRaw,
+  getRawBuffer:   getRawBuffer,
+  deleteFile:     deleteFile,
+  exists:         exists,
+  presignedUploadUrl:    presignedUploadUrl,
+  presignedDownloadUrl:  presignedDownloadUrl,
+  presignedUploadPolicy: presignedUploadPolicy,
+  listBackends:   listBackends,
+  getBackend:     getBackend,
+  _resetForTest:  _resetForTest,
+};