casadi 3.7.2__cp314-none-manylinux2014_i686.whl

casadi/include/eigen3/Eigen/src/Core/MathFunctions.h

@@ -0,0 +1,2057 @@
+// This file is part of Eigen, a lightweight C++ template library
+// for linear algebra.
+//
+// Copyright (C) 2006-2010 Benoit Jacob <jacob.benoit.1@gmail.com>
+// Copyright (c) 2021, NVIDIA CORPORATION. All rights reserved.
+//
+// This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla
+// Public License v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed
+// with this file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+
+#ifndef EIGEN_MATHFUNCTIONS_H
+#define EIGEN_MATHFUNCTIONS_H
+
+// TODO this should better be moved to NumTraits
+// Source: WolframAlpha
+#define EIGEN_PI    3.141592653589793238462643383279502884197169399375105820974944592307816406L
+#define EIGEN_LOG2E 1.442695040888963407359924681001892137426645954152985934135449406931109219L
+#define EIGEN_LN2   0.693147180559945309417232121458176568075500134360255254120680009493393621L
+
+namespace Eigen {
+
+// On WINCE, std::abs is defined for int only, so let's defined our own overloads:
+// This issue has been confirmed with MSVC 2008 only, but the issue might exist for more recent versions too.
+#if EIGEN_OS_WINCE && EIGEN_COMP_MSVC && EIGEN_COMP_MSVC<=1500
+long        abs(long        x) { return (labs(x));  }
+double      abs(double      x) { return (fabs(x));  }
+float       abs(float       x) { return (fabsf(x)); }
+long double abs(long double x) { return (fabsl(x)); }
+#endif
+
+namespace internal {
+
+/** \internal \class global_math_functions_filtering_base
+  *
+  * What it does:
+  * Defines a typedef 'type' as follows:
+  * - if type T has a member typedef Eigen_BaseClassForSpecializationOfGlobalMathFuncImpl, then
+  *   global_math_functions_filtering_base<T>::type is a typedef for it.
+  * - otherwise, global_math_functions_filtering_base<T>::type is a typedef for T.
+  *
+  * How it's used:
+  * To allow to defined the global math functions (like sin...) in certain cases, like the Array expressions.
+  * When you do sin(array1+array2), the object array1+array2 has a complicated expression type, all what you want to know
+  * is that it inherits ArrayBase. So we implement a partial specialization of sin_impl for ArrayBase<Derived>.
+  * So we must make sure to use sin_impl<ArrayBase<Derived> > and not sin_impl<Derived>, otherwise our partial specialization
+  * won't be used. How does sin know that? That's exactly what global_math_functions_filtering_base tells it.
+  *
+  * How it's implemented:
+  * SFINAE in the style of enable_if. Highly susceptible of breaking compilers. With GCC, it sure does work, but if you replace
+  * the typename dummy by an integer template parameter, it doesn't work anymore!
+  */
+
+template<typename T, typename dummy = void>
+struct global_math_functions_filtering_base
+{
+  typedef T type;
+};
+
+template<typename T> struct always_void { typedef void type; };
+
+template<typename T>
+struct global_math_functions_filtering_base
+  <T,
+   typename always_void<typename T::Eigen_BaseClassForSpecializationOfGlobalMathFuncImpl>::type
+  >
+{
+  typedef typename T::Eigen_BaseClassForSpecializationOfGlobalMathFuncImpl type;
+};
+
+#define EIGEN_MATHFUNC_IMPL(func, scalar) Eigen::internal::func##_impl<typename Eigen::internal::global_math_functions_filtering_base<scalar>::type>
+#define EIGEN_MATHFUNC_RETVAL(func, scalar) typename Eigen::internal::func##_retval<typename Eigen::internal::global_math_functions_filtering_base<scalar>::type>::type
+
+/****************************************************************************
+* Implementation of real                                                 *
+****************************************************************************/
+
+template<typename Scalar, bool IsComplex = NumTraits<Scalar>::IsComplex>
+struct real_default_impl
+{
+  typedef typename NumTraits<Scalar>::Real RealScalar;
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+  static inline RealScalar run(const Scalar& x)
+  {
+    return x;
+  }
+};
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+struct real_default_impl<Scalar,true>
+{
+  typedef typename NumTraits<Scalar>::Real RealScalar;
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+  static inline RealScalar run(const Scalar& x)
+  {
+    using std::real;
+    return real(x);
+  }
+};
+
+template<typename Scalar> struct real_impl : real_default_impl<Scalar> {};
+
+#if defined(EIGEN_GPU_COMPILE_PHASE)
+template<typename T>
+struct real_impl<std::complex<T> >
+{
+  typedef T RealScalar;
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+  static inline T run(const std::complex<T>& x)
+  {
+    return x.real();
+  }
+};
+#endif
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+struct real_retval
+{
+  typedef typename NumTraits<Scalar>::Real type;
+};
+
+/****************************************************************************
+* Implementation of imag                                                 *
+****************************************************************************/
+
+template<typename Scalar, bool IsComplex = NumTraits<Scalar>::IsComplex>
+struct imag_default_impl
+{
+  typedef typename NumTraits<Scalar>::Real RealScalar;
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+  static inline RealScalar run(const Scalar&)
+  {
+    return RealScalar(0);
+  }
+};
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+struct imag_default_impl<Scalar,true>
+{
+  typedef typename NumTraits<Scalar>::Real RealScalar;
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+  static inline RealScalar run(const Scalar& x)
+  {
+    using std::imag;
+    return imag(x);
+  }
+};
+
+template<typename Scalar> struct imag_impl : imag_default_impl<Scalar> {};
+
+#if defined(EIGEN_GPU_COMPILE_PHASE)
+template<typename T>
+struct imag_impl<std::complex<T> >
+{
+  typedef T RealScalar;
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+  static inline T run(const std::complex<T>& x)
+  {
+    return x.imag();
+  }
+};
+#endif
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+struct imag_retval
+{
+  typedef typename NumTraits<Scalar>::Real type;
+};
+
+/****************************************************************************
+* Implementation of real_ref                                             *
+****************************************************************************/
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+struct real_ref_impl
+{
+  typedef typename NumTraits<Scalar>::Real RealScalar;
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+  static inline RealScalar& run(Scalar& x)
+  {
+    return reinterpret_cast<RealScalar*>(&x)[0];
+  }
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+  static inline const RealScalar& run(const Scalar& x)
+  {
+    return reinterpret_cast<const RealScalar*>(&x)[0];
+  }
+};
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+struct real_ref_retval
+{
+  typedef typename NumTraits<Scalar>::Real & type;
+};
+
+/****************************************************************************
+* Implementation of imag_ref                                             *
+****************************************************************************/
+
+template<typename Scalar, bool IsComplex>
+struct imag_ref_default_impl
+{
+  typedef typename NumTraits<Scalar>::Real RealScalar;
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+  static inline RealScalar& run(Scalar& x)
+  {
+    return reinterpret_cast<RealScalar*>(&x)[1];
+  }
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+  static inline const RealScalar& run(const Scalar& x)
+  {
+    return reinterpret_cast<RealScalar*>(&x)[1];
+  }
+};
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+struct imag_ref_default_impl<Scalar, false>
+{
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_CONSTEXPR
+  static inline Scalar run(Scalar&)
+  {
+    return Scalar(0);
+  }
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_CONSTEXPR
+  static inline const Scalar run(const Scalar&)
+  {
+    return Scalar(0);
+  }
+};
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+struct imag_ref_impl : imag_ref_default_impl<Scalar, NumTraits<Scalar>::IsComplex> {};
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+struct imag_ref_retval
+{
+  typedef typename NumTraits<Scalar>::Real & type;
+};
+
+/****************************************************************************
+* Implementation of conj                                                 *
+****************************************************************************/
+
+template<typename Scalar, bool IsComplex = NumTraits<Scalar>::IsComplex>
+struct conj_default_impl
+{
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+  static inline Scalar run(const Scalar& x)
+  {
+    return x;
+  }
+};
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+struct conj_default_impl<Scalar,true>
+{
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+  static inline Scalar run(const Scalar& x)
+  {
+    using std::conj;
+    return conj(x);
+  }
+};
+
+template<typename Scalar, bool IsComplex = NumTraits<Scalar>::IsComplex>
+struct conj_impl : conj_default_impl<Scalar, IsComplex> {};
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+struct conj_retval
+{
+  typedef Scalar type;
+};
+
+/****************************************************************************
+* Implementation of abs2                                                 *
+****************************************************************************/
+
+template<typename Scalar,bool IsComplex>
+struct abs2_impl_default
+{
+  typedef typename NumTraits<Scalar>::Real RealScalar;
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+  static inline RealScalar run(const Scalar& x)
+  {
+    return x*x;
+  }
+};
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+struct abs2_impl_default<Scalar, true> // IsComplex
+{
+  typedef typename NumTraits<Scalar>::Real RealScalar;
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+  static inline RealScalar run(const Scalar& x)
+  {
+    return x.real()*x.real() + x.imag()*x.imag();
+  }
+};
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+struct abs2_impl
+{
+  typedef typename NumTraits<Scalar>::Real RealScalar;
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+  static inline RealScalar run(const Scalar& x)
+  {
+    return abs2_impl_default<Scalar,NumTraits<Scalar>::IsComplex>::run(x);
+  }
+};
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+struct abs2_retval
+{
+  typedef typename NumTraits<Scalar>::Real type;
+};
+
+/****************************************************************************
+* Implementation of sqrt/rsqrt                                             *
+****************************************************************************/
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+struct sqrt_impl
+{
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+  static EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE Scalar run(const Scalar& x)
+  {
+    EIGEN_USING_STD(sqrt);
+    return sqrt(x);
+  }
+};
+
+// Complex sqrt defined in MathFunctionsImpl.h.
+template<typename T> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC std::complex<T> complex_sqrt(const std::complex<T>& a_x);
+
+// Custom implementation is faster than `std::sqrt`, works on
+// GPU, and correctly handles special cases (unlike MSVC).
+template<typename T>
+struct sqrt_impl<std::complex<T> >
+{
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+  static EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE std::complex<T> run(const std::complex<T>& x)
+  {
+    return complex_sqrt<T>(x);
+  }
+};
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+struct sqrt_retval
+{
+  typedef Scalar type;
+};
+
+// Default implementation relies on numext::sqrt, at bottom of file.
+template<typename T>
+struct rsqrt_impl;
+
+// Complex rsqrt defined in MathFunctionsImpl.h.
+template<typename T> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC std::complex<T> complex_rsqrt(const std::complex<T>& a_x);
+
+template<typename T>
+struct rsqrt_impl<std::complex<T> >
+{
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+  static EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE std::complex<T> run(const std::complex<T>& x)
+  {
+    return complex_rsqrt<T>(x);
+  }
+};
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+struct rsqrt_retval
+{
+  typedef Scalar type;
+};
+
+/****************************************************************************
+* Implementation of norm1                                                *
+****************************************************************************/
+
+template<typename Scalar, bool IsComplex>
+struct norm1_default_impl;
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+struct norm1_default_impl<Scalar,true>
+{
+  typedef typename NumTraits<Scalar>::Real RealScalar;
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+  static inline RealScalar run(const Scalar& x)
+  {
+    EIGEN_USING_STD(abs);
+    return abs(x.real()) + abs(x.imag());
+  }
+};
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+struct norm1_default_impl<Scalar, false>
+{
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+  static inline Scalar run(const Scalar& x)
+  {
+    EIGEN_USING_STD(abs);
+    return abs(x);
+  }
+};
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+struct norm1_impl : norm1_default_impl<Scalar, NumTraits<Scalar>::IsComplex> {};
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+struct norm1_retval
+{
+  typedef typename NumTraits<Scalar>::Real type;
+};
+
+/****************************************************************************
+* Implementation of hypot                                                *
+****************************************************************************/
+
+template<typename Scalar> struct hypot_impl;
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+struct hypot_retval
+{
+  typedef typename NumTraits<Scalar>::Real type;
+};
+
+/****************************************************************************
+* Implementation of cast                                                 *
+****************************************************************************/
+
+template<typename OldType, typename NewType, typename EnableIf = void>
+struct cast_impl
+{
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+  static inline NewType run(const OldType& x)
+  {
+    return static_cast<NewType>(x);
+  }
+};
+
+// Casting from S -> Complex<T> leads to an implicit conversion from S to T,
+// generating warnings on clang.  Here we explicitly cast the real component.
+template<typename OldType, typename NewType>
+struct cast_impl<OldType, NewType,
+  typename internal::enable_if<
+    !NumTraits<OldType>::IsComplex && NumTraits<NewType>::IsComplex
+  >::type>
+{
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+  static inline NewType run(const OldType& x)
+  {
+    typedef typename NumTraits<NewType>::Real NewReal;
+    return static_cast<NewType>(static_cast<NewReal>(x));
+  }
+};
+
+// here, for once, we're plainly returning NewType: we don't want cast to do weird things.
+
+template<typename OldType, typename NewType>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+inline NewType cast(const OldType& x)
+{
+  return cast_impl<OldType, NewType>::run(x);
+}
+
+/****************************************************************************
+* Implementation of round                                                   *
+****************************************************************************/
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+struct round_impl
+{
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+  static inline Scalar run(const Scalar& x)
+  {
+    EIGEN_STATIC_ASSERT((!NumTraits<Scalar>::IsComplex), NUMERIC_TYPE_MUST_BE_REAL)
+#if EIGEN_HAS_CXX11_MATH
+    EIGEN_USING_STD(round);
+#endif
+    return Scalar(round(x));
+  }
+};
+
+#if !EIGEN_HAS_CXX11_MATH
+#if EIGEN_HAS_C99_MATH
+// Use ::roundf for float.
+template<>
+struct round_impl<float> {
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+  static inline float run(const float& x)
+  {
+    return ::roundf(x);
+  }
+};
+#else
+template<typename Scalar>
+struct round_using_floor_ceil_impl
+{
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+  static inline Scalar run(const Scalar& x)
+  {
+    EIGEN_STATIC_ASSERT((!NumTraits<Scalar>::IsComplex), NUMERIC_TYPE_MUST_BE_REAL)
+    // Without C99 round/roundf, resort to floor/ceil.
+    EIGEN_USING_STD(floor);
+    EIGEN_USING_STD(ceil);
+    // If not enough precision to resolve a decimal at all, return the input.
+    // Otherwise, adding 0.5 can trigger an increment by 1.
+    const Scalar limit = Scalar(1ull << (NumTraits<Scalar>::digits() - 1));
+    if (x >= limit || x <= -limit) {
+      return x;
+    }
+    return (x > Scalar(0)) ? Scalar(floor(x + Scalar(0.5))) : Scalar(ceil(x - Scalar(0.5)));
+  }
+};
+
+template<>
+struct round_impl<float> : round_using_floor_ceil_impl<float> {};
+
+template<>
+struct round_impl<double> : round_using_floor_ceil_impl<double> {};
+#endif // EIGEN_HAS_C99_MATH
+#endif // !EIGEN_HAS_CXX11_MATH
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+struct round_retval
+{
+  typedef Scalar type;
+};
+
+/****************************************************************************
+* Implementation of rint                                                    *
+****************************************************************************/
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+struct rint_impl {
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+  static inline Scalar run(const Scalar& x)
+  {
+    EIGEN_STATIC_ASSERT((!NumTraits<Scalar>::IsComplex), NUMERIC_TYPE_MUST_BE_REAL)
+#if EIGEN_HAS_CXX11_MATH
+      EIGEN_USING_STD(rint);
+#endif
+    return rint(x);
+  }
+};
+
+#if !EIGEN_HAS_CXX11_MATH
+template<>
+struct rint_impl<double> {
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+  static inline double run(const double& x)
+  {
+    return ::rint(x);
+  }
+};
+template<>
+struct rint_impl<float> {
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+  static inline float run(const float& x)
+  {
+    return ::rintf(x);
+  }
+};
+#endif
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+struct rint_retval
+{
+  typedef Scalar type;
+};
+
+/****************************************************************************
+* Implementation of arg                                                     *
+****************************************************************************/
+
+// Visual Studio 2017 has a bug where arg(float) returns 0 for negative inputs.
+// This seems to be fixed in VS 2019.
+#if EIGEN_HAS_CXX11_MATH && (!EIGEN_COMP_MSVC || EIGEN_COMP_MSVC >= 1920)
+// std::arg is only defined for types of std::complex, or integer types or float/double/long double
+template<typename Scalar,
+          bool HasStdImpl = NumTraits<Scalar>::IsComplex || is_integral<Scalar>::value
+                            || is_same<Scalar, float>::value || is_same<Scalar, double>::value
+                            || is_same<Scalar, long double>::value >
+struct arg_default_impl;
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+struct arg_default_impl<Scalar, true> {
+  typedef typename NumTraits<Scalar>::Real RealScalar;
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+  static inline RealScalar run(const Scalar& x)
+  {
+    #if defined(EIGEN_HIP_DEVICE_COMPILE)
+    // HIP does not seem to have a native device side implementation for the math routine "arg"
+    using std::arg;
+    #else
+    EIGEN_USING_STD(arg);
+    #endif
+    return static_cast<RealScalar>(arg(x));
+  }
+};
+
+// Must be non-complex floating-point type (e.g. half/bfloat16).
+template<typename Scalar>
+struct arg_default_impl<Scalar, false> {
+  typedef typename NumTraits<Scalar>::Real RealScalar;
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+  static inline RealScalar run(const Scalar& x)
+  {
+    return (x < Scalar(0)) ? RealScalar(EIGEN_PI) : RealScalar(0);
+  }
+};
+#else
+template<typename Scalar, bool IsComplex = NumTraits<Scalar>::IsComplex>
+struct arg_default_impl
+{
+  typedef typename NumTraits<Scalar>::Real RealScalar;
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+  static inline RealScalar run(const Scalar& x)
+  {
+    return (x < RealScalar(0)) ? RealScalar(EIGEN_PI) : RealScalar(0);
+  }
+};
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+struct arg_default_impl<Scalar,true>
+{
+  typedef typename NumTraits<Scalar>::Real RealScalar;
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+  static inline RealScalar run(const Scalar& x)
+  {
+    EIGEN_USING_STD(arg);
+    return arg(x);
+  }
+};
+#endif
+template<typename Scalar> struct arg_impl : arg_default_impl<Scalar> {};
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+struct arg_retval
+{
+  typedef typename NumTraits<Scalar>::Real type;
+};
+
+/****************************************************************************
+* Implementation of expm1                                                   *
+****************************************************************************/
+
+// This implementation is based on GSL Math's expm1.
+namespace std_fallback {
+  // fallback expm1 implementation in case there is no expm1(Scalar) function in namespace of Scalar,
+  // or that there is no suitable std::expm1 function available. Implementation
+  // attributed to Kahan. See: http://www.plunk.org/~hatch/rightway.php.
+  template<typename Scalar>
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC inline Scalar expm1(const Scalar& x) {
+    EIGEN_STATIC_ASSERT_NON_INTEGER(Scalar)
+    typedef typename NumTraits<Scalar>::Real RealScalar;
+
+    EIGEN_USING_STD(exp);
+    Scalar u = exp(x);
+    if (numext::equal_strict(u, Scalar(1))) {
+      return x;
+    }
+    Scalar um1 = u - RealScalar(1);
+    if (numext::equal_strict(um1, Scalar(-1))) {
+      return RealScalar(-1);
+    }
+
+    EIGEN_USING_STD(log);
+    Scalar logu = log(u);
+    return numext::equal_strict(u, logu) ? u : (u - RealScalar(1)) * x / logu;
+  }
+}
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+struct expm1_impl {
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC static inline Scalar run(const Scalar& x)
+  {
+    EIGEN_STATIC_ASSERT_NON_INTEGER(Scalar)
+    #if EIGEN_HAS_CXX11_MATH
+    using std::expm1;
+    #else
+    using std_fallback::expm1;
+    #endif
+    return expm1(x);
+  }
+};
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+struct expm1_retval
+{
+  typedef Scalar type;
+};
+
+/****************************************************************************
+* Implementation of log                                                     *
+****************************************************************************/
+
+// Complex log defined in MathFunctionsImpl.h.
+template<typename T> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC std::complex<T> complex_log(const std::complex<T>& z);
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+struct log_impl {
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC static inline Scalar run(const Scalar& x)
+  {
+    EIGEN_USING_STD(log);
+    return static_cast<Scalar>(log(x));
+  }
+};
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+struct log_impl<std::complex<Scalar> > {
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC static inline std::complex<Scalar> run(const std::complex<Scalar>& z)
+  {
+    return complex_log(z);
+  }
+};
+
+/****************************************************************************
+* Implementation of log1p                                                   *
+****************************************************************************/
+
+namespace std_fallback {
+  // fallback log1p implementation in case there is no log1p(Scalar) function in namespace of Scalar,
+  // or that there is no suitable std::log1p function available
+  template<typename Scalar>
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC inline Scalar log1p(const Scalar& x) {
+    EIGEN_STATIC_ASSERT_NON_INTEGER(Scalar)
+    typedef typename NumTraits<Scalar>::Real RealScalar;
+    EIGEN_USING_STD(log);
+    Scalar x1p = RealScalar(1) + x;
+    Scalar log_1p = log_impl<Scalar>::run(x1p);
+    const bool is_small = numext::equal_strict(x1p, Scalar(1));
+    const bool is_inf = numext::equal_strict(x1p, log_1p);
+    return (is_small || is_inf) ? x : x * (log_1p / (x1p - RealScalar(1)));
+  }
+}
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+struct log1p_impl {
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC static inline Scalar run(const Scalar& x)
+  {
+    EIGEN_STATIC_ASSERT_NON_INTEGER(Scalar)
+    #if EIGEN_HAS_CXX11_MATH
+    using std::log1p;
+    #else
+    using std_fallback::log1p;
+    #endif
+    return log1p(x);
+  }
+};
+
+// Specialization for complex types that are not supported by std::log1p.
+template <typename RealScalar>
+struct log1p_impl<std::complex<RealScalar> > {
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC static inline std::complex<RealScalar> run(
+      const std::complex<RealScalar>& x) {
+    EIGEN_STATIC_ASSERT_NON_INTEGER(RealScalar)
+    return std_fallback::log1p(x);
+  }
+};
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+struct log1p_retval
+{
+  typedef Scalar type;
+};
+
+/****************************************************************************
+* Implementation of pow                                                  *
+****************************************************************************/
+
+template<typename ScalarX,typename ScalarY, bool IsInteger = NumTraits<ScalarX>::IsInteger&&NumTraits<ScalarY>::IsInteger>
+struct pow_impl
+{
+  //typedef Scalar retval;
+  typedef typename ScalarBinaryOpTraits<ScalarX,ScalarY,internal::scalar_pow_op<ScalarX,ScalarY> >::ReturnType result_type;
+  static EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC inline result_type run(const ScalarX& x, const ScalarY& y)
+  {
+    EIGEN_USING_STD(pow);
+    return pow(x, y);
+  }
+};
+
+template<typename ScalarX,typename ScalarY>
+struct pow_impl<ScalarX,ScalarY, true>
+{
+  typedef ScalarX result_type;
+  static EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC inline ScalarX run(ScalarX x, ScalarY y)
+  {
+    ScalarX res(1);
+    eigen_assert(!NumTraits<ScalarY>::IsSigned || y >= 0);
+    if(y & 1) res *= x;
+    y >>= 1;
+    while(y)
+    {
+      x *= x;
+      if(y&1) res *= x;
+      y >>= 1;
+    }
+    return res;
+  }
+};
+
+/****************************************************************************
+* Implementation of random                                               *
+****************************************************************************/
+
+template<typename Scalar,
+         bool IsComplex,
+         bool IsInteger>
+struct random_default_impl {};
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+struct random_impl : random_default_impl<Scalar, NumTraits<Scalar>::IsComplex, NumTraits<Scalar>::IsInteger> {};
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+struct random_retval
+{
+  typedef Scalar type;
+};
+
+template<typename Scalar> inline EIGEN_MATHFUNC_RETVAL(random, Scalar) random(const Scalar& x, const Scalar& y);
+template<typename Scalar> inline EIGEN_MATHFUNC_RETVAL(random, Scalar) random();
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+struct random_default_impl<Scalar, false, false>
+{
+  static inline Scalar run(const Scalar& x, const Scalar& y)
+  {
+    return x + (y-x) * Scalar(std::rand()) / Scalar(RAND_MAX);
+  }
+  static inline Scalar run()
+  {
+    return run(Scalar(NumTraits<Scalar>::IsSigned ? -1 : 0), Scalar(1));
+  }
+};
+
+enum {
+  meta_floor_log2_terminate,
+  meta_floor_log2_move_up,
+  meta_floor_log2_move_down,
+  meta_floor_log2_bogus
+};
+
+template<unsigned int n, int lower, int upper> struct meta_floor_log2_selector
+{
+  enum { middle = (lower + upper) / 2,
+         value = (upper <= lower + 1) ? int(meta_floor_log2_terminate)
+               : (n < (1 << middle)) ? int(meta_floor_log2_move_down)
+               : (n==0) ? int(meta_floor_log2_bogus)
+               : int(meta_floor_log2_move_up)
+  };
+};
+
+template<unsigned int n,
+         int lower = 0,
+         int upper = sizeof(unsigned int) * CHAR_BIT - 1,
+         int selector = meta_floor_log2_selector<n, lower, upper>::value>
+struct meta_floor_log2 {};
+
+template<unsigned int n, int lower, int upper>
+struct meta_floor_log2<n, lower, upper, meta_floor_log2_move_down>
+{
+  enum { value = meta_floor_log2<n, lower, meta_floor_log2_selector<n, lower, upper>::middle>::value };
+};
+
+template<unsigned int n, int lower, int upper>
+struct meta_floor_log2<n, lower, upper, meta_floor_log2_move_up>
+{
+  enum { value = meta_floor_log2<n, meta_floor_log2_selector<n, lower, upper>::middle, upper>::value };
+};
+
+template<unsigned int n, int lower, int upper>
+struct meta_floor_log2<n, lower, upper, meta_floor_log2_terminate>
+{
+  enum { value = (n >= ((unsigned int)(1) << (lower+1))) ? lower+1 : lower };
+};
+
+template<unsigned int n, int lower, int upper>
+struct meta_floor_log2<n, lower, upper, meta_floor_log2_bogus>
+{
+  // no value, error at compile time
+};
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+struct random_default_impl<Scalar, false, true>
+{
+  static inline Scalar run(const Scalar& x, const Scalar& y)
+  {
+    if (y <= x)
+      return x;
+    // ScalarU is the unsigned counterpart of Scalar, possibly Scalar itself.
+    typedef typename make_unsigned<Scalar>::type ScalarU;
+    // ScalarX is the widest of ScalarU and unsigned int.
+    // We'll deal only with ScalarX and unsigned int below thus avoiding signed
+    // types and arithmetic and signed overflows (which are undefined behavior).
+    typedef typename conditional<(ScalarU(-1) > unsigned(-1)), ScalarU, unsigned>::type ScalarX;
+    // The following difference doesn't overflow, provided our integer types are two's
+    // complement and have the same number of padding bits in signed and unsigned variants.
+    // This is the case in most modern implementations of C++.
+    ScalarX range = ScalarX(y) - ScalarX(x);
+    ScalarX offset = 0;
+    ScalarX divisor = 1;
+    ScalarX multiplier = 1;
+    const unsigned rand_max = RAND_MAX;
+    if (range <= rand_max) divisor = (rand_max + 1) / (range + 1);
+    else                   multiplier = 1 + range / (rand_max + 1);
+    // Rejection sampling.
+    do {
+      offset = (unsigned(std::rand()) * multiplier) / divisor;
+    } while (offset > range);
+    return Scalar(ScalarX(x) + offset);
+  }
+
+  static inline Scalar run()
+  {
+#ifdef EIGEN_MAKING_DOCS
+    return run(Scalar(NumTraits<Scalar>::IsSigned ? -10 : 0), Scalar(10));
+#else
+    enum { rand_bits = meta_floor_log2<(unsigned int)(RAND_MAX)+1>::value,
+           scalar_bits = sizeof(Scalar) * CHAR_BIT,
+           shift = EIGEN_PLAIN_ENUM_MAX(0, int(rand_bits) - int(scalar_bits)),
+           offset = NumTraits<Scalar>::IsSigned ? (1 << (EIGEN_PLAIN_ENUM_MIN(rand_bits,scalar_bits)-1)) : 0
+    };
+    return Scalar((std::rand() >> shift) - offset);
+#endif
+  }
+};
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+struct random_default_impl<Scalar, true, false>
+{
+  static inline Scalar run(const Scalar& x, const Scalar& y)
+  {
+    return Scalar(random(x.real(), y.real()),
+                  random(x.imag(), y.imag()));
+  }
+  static inline Scalar run()
+  {
+    typedef typename NumTraits<Scalar>::Real RealScalar;
+    return Scalar(random<RealScalar>(), random<RealScalar>());
+  }
+};
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+inline EIGEN_MATHFUNC_RETVAL(random, Scalar) random(const Scalar& x, const Scalar& y)
+{
+  return EIGEN_MATHFUNC_IMPL(random, Scalar)::run(x, y);
+}
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+inline EIGEN_MATHFUNC_RETVAL(random, Scalar) random()
+{
+  return EIGEN_MATHFUNC_IMPL(random, Scalar)::run();
+}
+
+// Implementation of is* functions
+
+// std::is* do not work with fast-math and gcc, std::is* are available on MSVC 2013 and newer, as well as in clang.
+#if (EIGEN_HAS_CXX11_MATH && !(EIGEN_COMP_GNUC_STRICT && __FINITE_MATH_ONLY__)) || (EIGEN_COMP_MSVC>=1800) || (EIGEN_COMP_CLANG)
+#define EIGEN_USE_STD_FPCLASSIFY 1
+#else
+#define EIGEN_USE_STD_FPCLASSIFY 0
+#endif
+
+template<typename T>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+typename internal::enable_if<internal::is_integral<T>::value,bool>::type
+isnan_impl(const T&) { return false; }
+
+template<typename T>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+typename internal::enable_if<internal::is_integral<T>::value,bool>::type
+isinf_impl(const T&) { return false; }
+
+template<typename T>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+typename internal::enable_if<internal::is_integral<T>::value,bool>::type
+isfinite_impl(const T&) { return true; }
+
+template<typename T>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+typename internal::enable_if<(!internal::is_integral<T>::value)&&(!NumTraits<T>::IsComplex),bool>::type
+isfinite_impl(const T& x)
+{
+  #if defined(EIGEN_GPU_COMPILE_PHASE)
+    return (::isfinite)(x);
+  #elif EIGEN_USE_STD_FPCLASSIFY
+    using std::isfinite;
+    return isfinite EIGEN_NOT_A_MACRO (x);
+  #else
+    return x<=NumTraits<T>::highest() && x>=NumTraits<T>::lowest();
+  #endif
+}
+
+template<typename T>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+typename internal::enable_if<(!internal::is_integral<T>::value)&&(!NumTraits<T>::IsComplex),bool>::type
+isinf_impl(const T& x)
+{
+  #if defined(EIGEN_GPU_COMPILE_PHASE)
+    return (::isinf)(x);
+  #elif EIGEN_USE_STD_FPCLASSIFY
+    using std::isinf;
+    return isinf EIGEN_NOT_A_MACRO (x);
+  #else
+    return x>NumTraits<T>::highest() || x<NumTraits<T>::lowest();
+  #endif
+}
+
+template<typename T>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+typename internal::enable_if<(!internal::is_integral<T>::value)&&(!NumTraits<T>::IsComplex),bool>::type
+isnan_impl(const T& x)
+{
+  #if defined(EIGEN_GPU_COMPILE_PHASE)
+    return (::isnan)(x);
+  #elif EIGEN_USE_STD_FPCLASSIFY
+    using std::isnan;
+    return isnan EIGEN_NOT_A_MACRO (x);
+  #else
+    return x != x;
+  #endif
+}
+
+#if (!EIGEN_USE_STD_FPCLASSIFY)
+
+#if EIGEN_COMP_MSVC
+
+template<typename T> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC bool isinf_msvc_helper(T x)
+{
+  return _fpclass(x)==_FPCLASS_NINF || _fpclass(x)==_FPCLASS_PINF;
+}
+
+//MSVC defines a _isnan builtin function, but for double only
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC inline bool isnan_impl(const long double& x) { return _isnan(x)!=0; }
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC inline bool isnan_impl(const double& x)      { return _isnan(x)!=0; }
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC inline bool isnan_impl(const float& x)       { return _isnan(x)!=0; }
+
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC inline bool isinf_impl(const long double& x) { return isinf_msvc_helper(x); }
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC inline bool isinf_impl(const double& x)      { return isinf_msvc_helper(x); }
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC inline bool isinf_impl(const float& x)       { return isinf_msvc_helper(x); }
+
+#elif (defined __FINITE_MATH_ONLY__ && __FINITE_MATH_ONLY__ && EIGEN_COMP_GNUC)
+
+#if EIGEN_GNUC_AT_LEAST(5,0)
+  #define EIGEN_TMP_NOOPT_ATTRIB EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC inline __attribute__((optimize("no-finite-math-only")))
+#else
+  // NOTE the inline qualifier and noinline attribute are both needed: the former is to avoid linking issue (duplicate symbol),
+  //      while the second prevent too aggressive optimizations in fast-math mode:
+  #define EIGEN_TMP_NOOPT_ATTRIB EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC inline __attribute__((noinline,optimize("no-finite-math-only")))
+#endif
+
+template<> EIGEN_TMP_NOOPT_ATTRIB bool isnan_impl(const long double& x) { return __builtin_isnan(x); }
+template<> EIGEN_TMP_NOOPT_ATTRIB bool isnan_impl(const double& x)      { return __builtin_isnan(x); }
+template<> EIGEN_TMP_NOOPT_ATTRIB bool isnan_impl(const float& x)       { return __builtin_isnan(x); }
+template<> EIGEN_TMP_NOOPT_ATTRIB bool isinf_impl(const double& x)      { return __builtin_isinf(x); }
+template<> EIGEN_TMP_NOOPT_ATTRIB bool isinf_impl(const float& x)       { return __builtin_isinf(x); }
+template<> EIGEN_TMP_NOOPT_ATTRIB bool isinf_impl(const long double& x) { return __builtin_isinf(x); }
+
+#undef EIGEN_TMP_NOOPT_ATTRIB
+
+#endif
+
+#endif
+
+// The following overload are defined at the end of this file
+template<typename T> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC bool isfinite_impl(const std::complex<T>& x);
+template<typename T> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC bool isnan_impl(const std::complex<T>& x);
+template<typename T> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC bool isinf_impl(const std::complex<T>& x);
+
+template<typename T> T generic_fast_tanh_float(const T& a_x);
+} // end namespace internal
+
+/****************************************************************************
+* Generic math functions                                                    *
+****************************************************************************/
+
+namespace numext {
+
+#if (!defined(EIGEN_GPUCC) || defined(EIGEN_CONSTEXPR_ARE_DEVICE_FUNC))
+template<typename T>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE T mini(const T& x, const T& y)
+{
+  EIGEN_USING_STD(min)
+  return min EIGEN_NOT_A_MACRO (x,y);
+}
+
+template<typename T>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE T maxi(const T& x, const T& y)
+{
+  EIGEN_USING_STD(max)
+  return max EIGEN_NOT_A_MACRO (x,y);
+}
+#else
+template<typename T>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE T mini(const T& x, const T& y)
+{
+  return y < x ? y : x;
+}
+template<>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE float mini(const float& x, const float& y)
+{
+  return fminf(x, y);
+}
+template<>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE double mini(const double& x, const double& y)
+{
+  return fmin(x, y);
+}
+template<>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE long double mini(const long double& x, const long double& y)
+{
+#if defined(EIGEN_HIPCC)
+  // no "fminl" on HIP yet
+  return (x < y) ? x : y;
+#else
+  return fminl(x, y);
+#endif
+}
+
+template<typename T>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE T maxi(const T& x, const T& y)
+{
+  return x < y ? y : x;
+}
+template<>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE float maxi(const float& x, const float& y)
+{
+  return fmaxf(x, y);
+}
+template<>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE double maxi(const double& x, const double& y)
+{
+  return fmax(x, y);
+}
+template<>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE long double maxi(const long double& x, const long double& y)
+{
+#if defined(EIGEN_HIPCC)
+  // no "fmaxl" on HIP yet
+  return (x > y) ? x : y;
+#else
+  return fmaxl(x, y);
+#endif
+}
+#endif
+
+#if defined(SYCL_DEVICE_ONLY)
+
+
+#define SYCL_SPECIALIZE_SIGNED_INTEGER_TYPES_BINARY(NAME, FUNC) \
+  SYCL_SPECIALIZE_BINARY_FUNC(NAME, FUNC, cl::sycl::cl_char)   \
+  SYCL_SPECIALIZE_BINARY_FUNC(NAME, FUNC, cl::sycl::cl_short)  \
+  SYCL_SPECIALIZE_BINARY_FUNC(NAME, FUNC, cl::sycl::cl_int)    \
+  SYCL_SPECIALIZE_BINARY_FUNC(NAME, FUNC, cl::sycl::cl_long)
+#define SYCL_SPECIALIZE_SIGNED_INTEGER_TYPES_UNARY(NAME, FUNC) \
+  SYCL_SPECIALIZE_UNARY_FUNC(NAME, FUNC, cl::sycl::cl_char)   \
+  SYCL_SPECIALIZE_UNARY_FUNC(NAME, FUNC, cl::sycl::cl_short)  \
+  SYCL_SPECIALIZE_UNARY_FUNC(NAME, FUNC, cl::sycl::cl_int)    \
+  SYCL_SPECIALIZE_UNARY_FUNC(NAME, FUNC, cl::sycl::cl_long)
+#define SYCL_SPECIALIZE_UNSIGNED_INTEGER_TYPES_BINARY(NAME, FUNC) \
+  SYCL_SPECIALIZE_BINARY_FUNC(NAME, FUNC, cl::sycl::cl_uchar)  \
+  SYCL_SPECIALIZE_BINARY_FUNC(NAME, FUNC, cl::sycl::cl_ushort) \
+  SYCL_SPECIALIZE_BINARY_FUNC(NAME, FUNC, cl::sycl::cl_uint)   \
+  SYCL_SPECIALIZE_BINARY_FUNC(NAME, FUNC, cl::sycl::cl_ulong)
+#define SYCL_SPECIALIZE_UNSIGNED_INTEGER_TYPES_UNARY(NAME, FUNC) \
+  SYCL_SPECIALIZE_UNARY_FUNC(NAME, FUNC, cl::sycl::cl_uchar)  \
+  SYCL_SPECIALIZE_UNARY_FUNC(NAME, FUNC, cl::sycl::cl_ushort) \
+  SYCL_SPECIALIZE_UNARY_FUNC(NAME, FUNC, cl::sycl::cl_uint)   \
+  SYCL_SPECIALIZE_UNARY_FUNC(NAME, FUNC, cl::sycl::cl_ulong)
+#define SYCL_SPECIALIZE_INTEGER_TYPES_BINARY(NAME, FUNC) \
+  SYCL_SPECIALIZE_SIGNED_INTEGER_TYPES_BINARY(NAME, FUNC) \
+  SYCL_SPECIALIZE_UNSIGNED_INTEGER_TYPES_BINARY(NAME, FUNC)
+#define SYCL_SPECIALIZE_INTEGER_TYPES_UNARY(NAME, FUNC) \
+  SYCL_SPECIALIZE_SIGNED_INTEGER_TYPES_UNARY(NAME, FUNC) \
+  SYCL_SPECIALIZE_UNSIGNED_INTEGER_TYPES_UNARY(NAME, FUNC)
+#define SYCL_SPECIALIZE_FLOATING_TYPES_BINARY(NAME, FUNC) \
+  SYCL_SPECIALIZE_BINARY_FUNC(NAME, FUNC, cl::sycl::cl_float) \
+  SYCL_SPECIALIZE_BINARY_FUNC(NAME, FUNC,cl::sycl::cl_double)
+#define SYCL_SPECIALIZE_FLOATING_TYPES_UNARY(NAME, FUNC) \
+  SYCL_SPECIALIZE_UNARY_FUNC(NAME, FUNC, cl::sycl::cl_float) \
+  SYCL_SPECIALIZE_UNARY_FUNC(NAME, FUNC,cl::sycl::cl_double)
+#define SYCL_SPECIALIZE_FLOATING_TYPES_UNARY_FUNC_RET_TYPE(NAME, FUNC, RET_TYPE) \
+  SYCL_SPECIALIZE_GEN_UNARY_FUNC(NAME, FUNC, RET_TYPE, cl::sycl::cl_float) \
+  SYCL_SPECIALIZE_GEN_UNARY_FUNC(NAME, FUNC, RET_TYPE, cl::sycl::cl_double)
+
+#define SYCL_SPECIALIZE_GEN_UNARY_FUNC(NAME, FUNC, RET_TYPE, ARG_TYPE) \
+template<>                                               \
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC                                      \
+  EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE RET_TYPE NAME(const ARG_TYPE& x) { \
+    return cl::sycl::FUNC(x);                            \
+  }
+
+#define SYCL_SPECIALIZE_UNARY_FUNC(NAME, FUNC, TYPE) \
+  SYCL_SPECIALIZE_GEN_UNARY_FUNC(NAME, FUNC, TYPE, TYPE)
+
+#define SYCL_SPECIALIZE_GEN1_BINARY_FUNC(NAME, FUNC, RET_TYPE, ARG_TYPE1, ARG_TYPE2) \
+  template<>                                                                  \
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC                                                           \
+  EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE RET_TYPE NAME(const ARG_TYPE1& x, const ARG_TYPE2& y) { \
+    return cl::sycl::FUNC(x, y);                                              \
+  }
+
+#define SYCL_SPECIALIZE_GEN2_BINARY_FUNC(NAME, FUNC, RET_TYPE, ARG_TYPE) \
+  SYCL_SPECIALIZE_GEN1_BINARY_FUNC(NAME, FUNC, RET_TYPE, ARG_TYPE, ARG_TYPE)
+
+#define SYCL_SPECIALIZE_BINARY_FUNC(NAME, FUNC, TYPE) \
+  SYCL_SPECIALIZE_GEN2_BINARY_FUNC(NAME, FUNC, TYPE, TYPE)
+
+SYCL_SPECIALIZE_INTEGER_TYPES_BINARY(mini, min)
+SYCL_SPECIALIZE_FLOATING_TYPES_BINARY(mini, fmin)
+SYCL_SPECIALIZE_INTEGER_TYPES_BINARY(maxi, max)
+SYCL_SPECIALIZE_FLOATING_TYPES_BINARY(maxi, fmax)
+
+#endif
+
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+inline EIGEN_MATHFUNC_RETVAL(real, Scalar) real(const Scalar& x)
+{
+  return EIGEN_MATHFUNC_IMPL(real, Scalar)::run(x);
+}
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+inline typename internal::add_const_on_value_type< EIGEN_MATHFUNC_RETVAL(real_ref, Scalar) >::type real_ref(const Scalar& x)
+{
+  return internal::real_ref_impl<Scalar>::run(x);
+}
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+inline EIGEN_MATHFUNC_RETVAL(real_ref, Scalar) real_ref(Scalar& x)
+{
+  return EIGEN_MATHFUNC_IMPL(real_ref, Scalar)::run(x);
+}
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+inline EIGEN_MATHFUNC_RETVAL(imag, Scalar) imag(const Scalar& x)
+{
+  return EIGEN_MATHFUNC_IMPL(imag, Scalar)::run(x);
+}
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+inline EIGEN_MATHFUNC_RETVAL(arg, Scalar) arg(const Scalar& x)
+{
+  return EIGEN_MATHFUNC_IMPL(arg, Scalar)::run(x);
+}
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+inline typename internal::add_const_on_value_type< EIGEN_MATHFUNC_RETVAL(imag_ref, Scalar) >::type imag_ref(const Scalar& x)
+{
+  return internal::imag_ref_impl<Scalar>::run(x);
+}
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+inline EIGEN_MATHFUNC_RETVAL(imag_ref, Scalar) imag_ref(Scalar& x)
+{
+  return EIGEN_MATHFUNC_IMPL(imag_ref, Scalar)::run(x);
+}
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+inline EIGEN_MATHFUNC_RETVAL(conj, Scalar) conj(const Scalar& x)
+{
+  return EIGEN_MATHFUNC_IMPL(conj, Scalar)::run(x);
+}
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+inline EIGEN_MATHFUNC_RETVAL(abs2, Scalar) abs2(const Scalar& x)
+{
+  return EIGEN_MATHFUNC_IMPL(abs2, Scalar)::run(x);
+}
+
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+inline bool abs2(bool x) { return x; }
+
+template<typename T>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE T absdiff(const T& x, const T& y)
+{
+  return x > y ? x - y : y - x;
+}
+template<>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE float absdiff(const float& x, const float& y)
+{
+  return fabsf(x - y);
+}
+template<>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE double absdiff(const double& x, const double& y)
+{
+  return fabs(x - y);
+}
+
+#if !defined(EIGEN_GPUCC)
+// HIP and CUDA do not support long double.
+template<>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE long double absdiff(const long double& x, const long double& y) {
+  return fabsl(x - y);
+}
+#endif
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+inline EIGEN_MATHFUNC_RETVAL(norm1, Scalar) norm1(const Scalar& x)
+{
+  return EIGEN_MATHFUNC_IMPL(norm1, Scalar)::run(x);
+}
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+inline EIGEN_MATHFUNC_RETVAL(hypot, Scalar) hypot(const Scalar& x, const Scalar& y)
+{
+  return EIGEN_MATHFUNC_IMPL(hypot, Scalar)::run(x, y);
+}
+
+#if defined(SYCL_DEVICE_ONLY)
+  SYCL_SPECIALIZE_FLOATING_TYPES_BINARY(hypot, hypot)
+#endif
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+inline EIGEN_MATHFUNC_RETVAL(log1p, Scalar) log1p(const Scalar& x)
+{
+  return EIGEN_MATHFUNC_IMPL(log1p, Scalar)::run(x);
+}
+
+#if defined(SYCL_DEVICE_ONLY)
+SYCL_SPECIALIZE_FLOATING_TYPES_UNARY(log1p, log1p)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(EIGEN_GPUCC)
+template<> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+float log1p(const float &x) { return ::log1pf(x); }
+
+template<> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+double log1p(const double &x) { return ::log1p(x); }
+#endif
+
+template<typename ScalarX,typename ScalarY>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+inline typename internal::pow_impl<ScalarX,ScalarY>::result_type pow(const ScalarX& x, const ScalarY& y)
+{
+  return internal::pow_impl<ScalarX,ScalarY>::run(x, y);
+}
+
+#if defined(SYCL_DEVICE_ONLY)
+SYCL_SPECIALIZE_FLOATING_TYPES_BINARY(pow, pow)
+#endif
+
+template<typename T> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC bool (isnan)   (const T &x) { return internal::isnan_impl(x); }
+template<typename T> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC bool (isinf)   (const T &x) { return internal::isinf_impl(x); }
+template<typename T> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC bool (isfinite)(const T &x) { return internal::isfinite_impl(x); }
+
+#if defined(SYCL_DEVICE_ONLY)
+SYCL_SPECIALIZE_FLOATING_TYPES_UNARY_FUNC_RET_TYPE(isnan, isnan, bool)
+SYCL_SPECIALIZE_FLOATING_TYPES_UNARY_FUNC_RET_TYPE(isinf, isinf, bool)
+SYCL_SPECIALIZE_FLOATING_TYPES_UNARY_FUNC_RET_TYPE(isfinite, isfinite, bool)
+#endif
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+inline EIGEN_MATHFUNC_RETVAL(rint, Scalar) rint(const Scalar& x)
+{
+  return EIGEN_MATHFUNC_IMPL(rint, Scalar)::run(x);
+}
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+inline EIGEN_MATHFUNC_RETVAL(round, Scalar) round(const Scalar& x)
+{
+  return EIGEN_MATHFUNC_IMPL(round, Scalar)::run(x);
+}
+
+#if defined(SYCL_DEVICE_ONLY)
+SYCL_SPECIALIZE_FLOATING_TYPES_UNARY(round, round)
+#endif
+
+template<typename T>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+T (floor)(const T& x)
+{
+  EIGEN_USING_STD(floor)
+  return floor(x);
+}
+
+#if defined(SYCL_DEVICE_ONLY)
+SYCL_SPECIALIZE_FLOATING_TYPES_UNARY(floor, floor)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(EIGEN_GPUCC)
+template<> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+float floor(const float &x) { return ::floorf(x); }
+
+template<> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+double floor(const double &x) { return ::floor(x); }
+#endif
+
+template<typename T>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+T (ceil)(const T& x)
+{
+  EIGEN_USING_STD(ceil);
+  return ceil(x);
+}
+
+#if defined(SYCL_DEVICE_ONLY)
+SYCL_SPECIALIZE_FLOATING_TYPES_UNARY(ceil, ceil)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(EIGEN_GPUCC)
+template<> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+float ceil(const float &x) { return ::ceilf(x); }
+
+template<> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+double ceil(const double &x) { return ::ceil(x); }
+#endif
+
+
+/** Log base 2 for 32 bits positive integers.
+  * Conveniently returns 0 for x==0. */
+inline int log2(int x)
+{
+  eigen_assert(x>=0);
+  unsigned int v(x);
+  static const int table[32] = { 0, 9, 1, 10, 13, 21, 2, 29, 11, 14, 16, 18, 22, 25, 3, 30, 8, 12, 20, 28, 15, 17, 24, 7, 19, 27, 23, 6, 26, 5, 4, 31 };
+  v |= v >> 1;
+  v |= v >> 2;
+  v |= v >> 4;
+  v |= v >> 8;
+  v |= v >> 16;
+  return table[(v * 0x07C4ACDDU) >> 27];
+}
+
+/** \returns the square root of \a x.
+  *
+  * It is essentially equivalent to
+  * \code using std::sqrt; return sqrt(x); \endcode
+  * but slightly faster for float/double and some compilers (e.g., gcc), thanks to
+  * specializations when SSE is enabled.
+  *
+  * It's usage is justified in performance critical functions, like norm/normalize.
+  */
+template<typename Scalar>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE EIGEN_MATHFUNC_RETVAL(sqrt, Scalar) sqrt(const Scalar& x)
+{
+  return EIGEN_MATHFUNC_IMPL(sqrt, Scalar)::run(x);
+}
+
+// Boolean specialization, avoids implicit float to bool conversion (-Wimplicit-conversion-floating-point-to-bool).
+template<>
+EIGEN_DEFINE_FUNCTION_ALLOWING_MULTIPLE_DEFINITIONS EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+bool sqrt<bool>(const bool &x) { return x; }
+
+#if defined(SYCL_DEVICE_ONLY)
+SYCL_SPECIALIZE_FLOATING_TYPES_UNARY(sqrt, sqrt)
+#endif
+
+/** \returns the reciprocal square root of \a x. **/
+template<typename T>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+T rsqrt(const T& x)
+{
+  return internal::rsqrt_impl<T>::run(x);
+}
+
+template<typename T>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+T log(const T &x) {
+  return internal::log_impl<T>::run(x);
+}
+
+#if defined(SYCL_DEVICE_ONLY)
+SYCL_SPECIALIZE_FLOATING_TYPES_UNARY(log, log)
+#endif
+
+
+#if defined(EIGEN_GPUCC)
+template<> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+float log(const float &x) { return ::logf(x); }
+
+template<> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+double log(const double &x) { return ::log(x); }
+#endif
+
+template<typename T>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+typename internal::enable_if<NumTraits<T>::IsSigned || NumTraits<T>::IsComplex,typename NumTraits<T>::Real>::type
+abs(const T &x) {
+  EIGEN_USING_STD(abs);
+  return abs(x);
+}
+
+template<typename T>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+typename internal::enable_if<!(NumTraits<T>::IsSigned || NumTraits<T>::IsComplex),typename NumTraits<T>::Real>::type
+abs(const T &x) {
+  return x;
+}
+
+#if defined(SYCL_DEVICE_ONLY)
+SYCL_SPECIALIZE_INTEGER_TYPES_UNARY(abs, abs)
+SYCL_SPECIALIZE_FLOATING_TYPES_UNARY(abs, fabs)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(EIGEN_GPUCC)
+template<> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+float abs(const float &x) { return ::fabsf(x); }
+
+template<> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+double abs(const double &x) { return ::fabs(x); }
+
+template <> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+float abs(const std::complex<float>& x) {
+  return ::hypotf(x.real(), x.imag());
+}
+
+template <> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+double abs(const std::complex<double>& x) {
+  return ::hypot(x.real(), x.imag());
+}
+#endif
+
+template<typename T>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+T exp(const T &x) {
+  EIGEN_USING_STD(exp);
+  return exp(x);
+}
+
+#if defined(SYCL_DEVICE_ONLY)
+SYCL_SPECIALIZE_FLOATING_TYPES_UNARY(exp, exp)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(EIGEN_GPUCC)
+template<> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+float exp(const float &x) { return ::expf(x); }
+
+template<> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+double exp(const double &x) { return ::exp(x); }
+
+template<> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+std::complex<float> exp(const std::complex<float>& x) {
+  float com = ::expf(x.real());
+  float res_real = com * ::cosf(x.imag());
+  float res_imag = com * ::sinf(x.imag());
+  return std::complex<float>(res_real, res_imag);
+}
+
+template<> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+std::complex<double> exp(const std::complex<double>& x) {
+  double com = ::exp(x.real());
+  double res_real = com * ::cos(x.imag());
+  double res_imag = com * ::sin(x.imag());
+  return std::complex<double>(res_real, res_imag);
+}
+#endif
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+inline EIGEN_MATHFUNC_RETVAL(expm1, Scalar) expm1(const Scalar& x)
+{
+  return EIGEN_MATHFUNC_IMPL(expm1, Scalar)::run(x);
+}
+
+#if defined(SYCL_DEVICE_ONLY)
+SYCL_SPECIALIZE_FLOATING_TYPES_UNARY(expm1, expm1)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(EIGEN_GPUCC)
+template<> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+float expm1(const float &x) { return ::expm1f(x); }
+
+template<> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+double expm1(const double &x) { return ::expm1(x); }
+#endif
+
+template<typename T>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+T cos(const T &x) {
+  EIGEN_USING_STD(cos);
+  return cos(x);
+}
+
+#if defined(SYCL_DEVICE_ONLY)
+SYCL_SPECIALIZE_FLOATING_TYPES_UNARY(cos,cos)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(EIGEN_GPUCC)
+template<> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+float cos(const float &x) { return ::cosf(x); }
+
+template<> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+double cos(const double &x) { return ::cos(x); }
+#endif
+
+template<typename T>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+T sin(const T &x) {
+  EIGEN_USING_STD(sin);
+  return sin(x);
+}
+
+#if defined(SYCL_DEVICE_ONLY)
+SYCL_SPECIALIZE_FLOATING_TYPES_UNARY(sin, sin)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(EIGEN_GPUCC)
+template<> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+float sin(const float &x) { return ::sinf(x); }
+
+template<> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+double sin(const double &x) { return ::sin(x); }
+#endif
+
+template<typename T>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+T tan(const T &x) {
+  EIGEN_USING_STD(tan);
+  return tan(x);
+}
+
+#if defined(SYCL_DEVICE_ONLY)
+SYCL_SPECIALIZE_FLOATING_TYPES_UNARY(tan, tan)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(EIGEN_GPUCC)
+template<> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+float tan(const float &x) { return ::tanf(x); }
+
+template<> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+double tan(const double &x) { return ::tan(x); }
+#endif
+
+template<typename T>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+T acos(const T &x) {
+  EIGEN_USING_STD(acos);
+  return acos(x);
+}
+
+#if EIGEN_HAS_CXX11_MATH
+template<typename T>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+T acosh(const T &x) {
+  EIGEN_USING_STD(acosh);
+  return static_cast<T>(acosh(x));
+}
+#endif
+
+#if defined(SYCL_DEVICE_ONLY)
+SYCL_SPECIALIZE_FLOATING_TYPES_UNARY(acos, acos)
+SYCL_SPECIALIZE_FLOATING_TYPES_UNARY(acosh, acosh)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(EIGEN_GPUCC)
+template<> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+float acos(const float &x) { return ::acosf(x); }
+
+template<> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+double acos(const double &x) { return ::acos(x); }
+#endif
+
+template<typename T>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+T asin(const T &x) {
+  EIGEN_USING_STD(asin);
+  return asin(x);
+}
+
+#if EIGEN_HAS_CXX11_MATH
+template<typename T>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+T asinh(const T &x) {
+  EIGEN_USING_STD(asinh);
+  return static_cast<T>(asinh(x));
+}
+#endif
+
+#if defined(SYCL_DEVICE_ONLY)
+SYCL_SPECIALIZE_FLOATING_TYPES_UNARY(asin, asin)
+SYCL_SPECIALIZE_FLOATING_TYPES_UNARY(asinh, asinh)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(EIGEN_GPUCC)
+template<> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+float asin(const float &x) { return ::asinf(x); }
+
+template<> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+double asin(const double &x) { return ::asin(x); }
+#endif
+
+template<typename T>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+T atan(const T &x) {
+  EIGEN_USING_STD(atan);
+  return static_cast<T>(atan(x));
+}
+
+#if EIGEN_HAS_CXX11_MATH
+template<typename T>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+T atanh(const T &x) {
+  EIGEN_USING_STD(atanh);
+  return static_cast<T>(atanh(x));
+}
+#endif
+
+#if defined(SYCL_DEVICE_ONLY)
+SYCL_SPECIALIZE_FLOATING_TYPES_UNARY(atan, atan)
+SYCL_SPECIALIZE_FLOATING_TYPES_UNARY(atanh, atanh)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(EIGEN_GPUCC)
+template<> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+float atan(const float &x) { return ::atanf(x); }
+
+template<> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+double atan(const double &x) { return ::atan(x); }
+#endif
+
+
+template<typename T>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+T cosh(const T &x) {
+  EIGEN_USING_STD(cosh);
+  return static_cast<T>(cosh(x));
+}
+
+#if defined(SYCL_DEVICE_ONLY)
+SYCL_SPECIALIZE_FLOATING_TYPES_UNARY(cosh, cosh)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(EIGEN_GPUCC)
+template<> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+float cosh(const float &x) { return ::coshf(x); }
+
+template<> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+double cosh(const double &x) { return ::cosh(x); }
+#endif
+
+template<typename T>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+T sinh(const T &x) {
+  EIGEN_USING_STD(sinh);
+  return static_cast<T>(sinh(x));
+}
+
+#if defined(SYCL_DEVICE_ONLY)
+SYCL_SPECIALIZE_FLOATING_TYPES_UNARY(sinh, sinh)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(EIGEN_GPUCC)
+template<> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+float sinh(const float &x) { return ::sinhf(x); }
+
+template<> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+double sinh(const double &x) { return ::sinh(x); }
+#endif
+
+template<typename T>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+T tanh(const T &x) {
+  EIGEN_USING_STD(tanh);
+  return tanh(x);
+}
+
+#if (!defined(EIGEN_GPUCC)) && EIGEN_FAST_MATH && !defined(SYCL_DEVICE_ONLY)
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+float tanh(float x) { return internal::generic_fast_tanh_float(x); }
+#endif
+
+#if defined(SYCL_DEVICE_ONLY)
+SYCL_SPECIALIZE_FLOATING_TYPES_UNARY(tanh, tanh)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(EIGEN_GPUCC)
+template<> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+float tanh(const float &x) { return ::tanhf(x); }
+
+template<> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+double tanh(const double &x) { return ::tanh(x); }
+#endif
+
+template <typename T>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+T fmod(const T& a, const T& b) {
+  EIGEN_USING_STD(fmod);
+  return fmod(a, b);
+}
+
+#if defined(SYCL_DEVICE_ONLY)
+SYCL_SPECIALIZE_FLOATING_TYPES_BINARY(fmod, fmod)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(EIGEN_GPUCC)
+template <>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+float fmod(const float& a, const float& b) {
+  return ::fmodf(a, b);
+}
+
+template <>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE
+double fmod(const double& a, const double& b) {
+  return ::fmod(a, b);
+}
+#endif
+
+#if defined(SYCL_DEVICE_ONLY)
+#undef SYCL_SPECIALIZE_SIGNED_INTEGER_TYPES_BINARY
+#undef SYCL_SPECIALIZE_SIGNED_INTEGER_TYPES_UNARY
+#undef SYCL_SPECIALIZE_UNSIGNED_INTEGER_TYPES_BINARY
+#undef SYCL_SPECIALIZE_UNSIGNED_INTEGER_TYPES_UNARY
+#undef SYCL_SPECIALIZE_INTEGER_TYPES_BINARY
+#undef SYCL_SPECIALIZE_UNSIGNED_INTEGER_TYPES_UNARY
+#undef SYCL_SPECIALIZE_FLOATING_TYPES_BINARY
+#undef SYCL_SPECIALIZE_FLOATING_TYPES_UNARY
+#undef SYCL_SPECIALIZE_FLOATING_TYPES_UNARY_FUNC_RET_TYPE
+#undef SYCL_SPECIALIZE_GEN_UNARY_FUNC
+#undef SYCL_SPECIALIZE_UNARY_FUNC
+#undef SYCL_SPECIALIZE_GEN1_BINARY_FUNC
+#undef SYCL_SPECIALIZE_GEN2_BINARY_FUNC
+#undef SYCL_SPECIALIZE_BINARY_FUNC
+#endif
+
+} // end namespace numext
+
+namespace internal {
+
+template<typename T>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC bool isfinite_impl(const std::complex<T>& x)
+{
+  return (numext::isfinite)(numext::real(x)) && (numext::isfinite)(numext::imag(x));
+}
+
+template<typename T>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC bool isnan_impl(const std::complex<T>& x)
+{
+  return (numext::isnan)(numext::real(x)) || (numext::isnan)(numext::imag(x));
+}
+
+template<typename T>
+EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC bool isinf_impl(const std::complex<T>& x)
+{
+  return ((numext::isinf)(numext::real(x)) || (numext::isinf)(numext::imag(x))) && (!(numext::isnan)(x));
+}
+
+/****************************************************************************
+* Implementation of fuzzy comparisons                                       *
+****************************************************************************/
+
+template<typename Scalar,
+         bool IsComplex,
+         bool IsInteger>
+struct scalar_fuzzy_default_impl {};
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+struct scalar_fuzzy_default_impl<Scalar, false, false>
+{
+  typedef typename NumTraits<Scalar>::Real RealScalar;
+  template<typename OtherScalar> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+  static inline bool isMuchSmallerThan(const Scalar& x, const OtherScalar& y, const RealScalar& prec)
+  {
+    return numext::abs(x) <= numext::abs(y) * prec;
+  }
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+  static inline bool isApprox(const Scalar& x, const Scalar& y, const RealScalar& prec)
+  {
+    return numext::abs(x - y) <= numext::mini(numext::abs(x), numext::abs(y)) * prec;
+  }
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+  static inline bool isApproxOrLessThan(const Scalar& x, const Scalar& y, const RealScalar& prec)
+  {
+    return x <= y || isApprox(x, y, prec);
+  }
+};
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+struct scalar_fuzzy_default_impl<Scalar, false, true>
+{
+  typedef typename NumTraits<Scalar>::Real RealScalar;
+  template<typename OtherScalar> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+  static inline bool isMuchSmallerThan(const Scalar& x, const Scalar&, const RealScalar&)
+  {
+    return x == Scalar(0);
+  }
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+  static inline bool isApprox(const Scalar& x, const Scalar& y, const RealScalar&)
+  {
+    return x == y;
+  }
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+  static inline bool isApproxOrLessThan(const Scalar& x, const Scalar& y, const RealScalar&)
+  {
+    return x <= y;
+  }
+};
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+struct scalar_fuzzy_default_impl<Scalar, true, false>
+{
+  typedef typename NumTraits<Scalar>::Real RealScalar;
+  template<typename OtherScalar> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+  static inline bool isMuchSmallerThan(const Scalar& x, const OtherScalar& y, const RealScalar& prec)
+  {
+    return numext::abs2(x) <= numext::abs2(y) * prec * prec;
+  }
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+  static inline bool isApprox(const Scalar& x, const Scalar& y, const RealScalar& prec)
+  {
+    return numext::abs2(x - y) <= numext::mini(numext::abs2(x), numext::abs2(y)) * prec * prec;
+  }
+};
+
+template<typename Scalar>
+struct scalar_fuzzy_impl : scalar_fuzzy_default_impl<Scalar, NumTraits<Scalar>::IsComplex, NumTraits<Scalar>::IsInteger> {};
+
+template<typename Scalar, typename OtherScalar> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+inline bool isMuchSmallerThan(const Scalar& x, const OtherScalar& y,
+                              const typename NumTraits<Scalar>::Real &precision = NumTraits<Scalar>::dummy_precision())
+{
+  return scalar_fuzzy_impl<Scalar>::template isMuchSmallerThan<OtherScalar>(x, y, precision);
+}
+
+template<typename Scalar> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+inline bool isApprox(const Scalar& x, const Scalar& y,
+                     const typename NumTraits<Scalar>::Real &precision = NumTraits<Scalar>::dummy_precision())
+{
+  return scalar_fuzzy_impl<Scalar>::isApprox(x, y, precision);
+}
+
+template<typename Scalar> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+inline bool isApproxOrLessThan(const Scalar& x, const Scalar& y,
+                               const typename NumTraits<Scalar>::Real &precision = NumTraits<Scalar>::dummy_precision())
+{
+  return scalar_fuzzy_impl<Scalar>::isApproxOrLessThan(x, y, precision);
+}
+
+/******************************************
+***  The special case of the  bool type ***
+******************************************/
+
+template<> struct random_impl<bool>
+{
+  static inline bool run()
+  {
+    return random<int>(0,1)==0 ? false : true;
+  }
+
+  static inline bool run(const bool& a, const bool& b)
+  {
+    return random<int>(a, b)==0 ? false : true;
+  }
+};
+
+template<> struct scalar_fuzzy_impl<bool>
+{
+  typedef bool RealScalar;
+
+  template<typename OtherScalar> EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+  static inline bool isMuchSmallerThan(const bool& x, const bool&, const bool&)
+  {
+    return !x;
+  }
+
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+  static inline bool isApprox(bool x, bool y, bool)
+  {
+    return x == y;
+  }
+
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+  static inline bool isApproxOrLessThan(const bool& x, const bool& y, const bool&)
+  {
+    return (!x) || y;
+  }
+
+};
+
+} // end namespace internal
+
+// Default implementations that rely on other numext implementations
+namespace internal {
+
+// Specialization for complex types that are not supported by std::expm1.
+template <typename RealScalar>
+struct expm1_impl<std::complex<RealScalar> > {
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC static inline std::complex<RealScalar> run(
+      const std::complex<RealScalar>& x) {
+    EIGEN_STATIC_ASSERT_NON_INTEGER(RealScalar)
+    RealScalar xr = x.real();
+    RealScalar xi = x.imag();
+    // expm1(z) = exp(z) - 1
+    //          = exp(x +  i * y) - 1
+    //          = exp(x) * (cos(y) + i * sin(y)) - 1
+    //          = exp(x) * cos(y) - 1 + i * exp(x) * sin(y)
+    // Imag(expm1(z)) = exp(x) * sin(y)
+    // Real(expm1(z)) = exp(x) * cos(y) - 1
+    //          = exp(x) * cos(y) - 1.
+    //          = expm1(x) + exp(x) * (cos(y) - 1)
+    //          = expm1(x) + exp(x) * (2 * sin(y / 2) ** 2)
+    RealScalar erm1 = numext::expm1<RealScalar>(xr);
+    RealScalar er = erm1 + RealScalar(1.);
+    RealScalar sin2 = numext::sin(xi / RealScalar(2.));
+    sin2 = sin2 * sin2;
+    RealScalar s = numext::sin(xi);
+    RealScalar real_part = erm1 - RealScalar(2.) * er * sin2;
+    return std::complex<RealScalar>(real_part, er * s);
+  }
+};
+
+template<typename T>
+struct rsqrt_impl {
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+  static EIGEN_ALWAYS_INLINE T run(const T& x) {
+    return T(1)/numext::sqrt(x);
+  }
+};
+
+#if defined(EIGEN_GPU_COMPILE_PHASE)
+template<typename T>
+struct conj_impl<std::complex<T>, true>
+{
+  EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC
+  static inline std::complex<T> run(const std::complex<T>& x)
+  {
+    return std::complex<T>(numext::real(x), -numext::imag(x));
+  }
+};
+#endif
+
+} // end namespace internal
+
+} // end namespace Eigen
+
+#endif // EIGEN_MATHFUNCTIONS_H