@syllst/ja 0.1.1 → 0.1.2
This diff represents the content of publicly available package versions that have been released to one of the supported registries. The information contained in this diff is provided for informational purposes only and reflects changes between package versions as they appear in their respective public registries.
- package/dist/index.js +49 -14
- package/dist/syllabi/dialogue/index.d.ts +7 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/dialogue/index.js +43 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/dialogue/lessons/lesson-01.mdx.js +181 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/dialogue/lessons/lesson-02.mdx.js +193 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/dialogue/lessons/lesson-03.mdx.js +169 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/dialogue/lessons/lesson-04.mdx.js +182 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/dialogue/lessons/lesson-05.mdx.js +176 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/dialogue/lessons/lesson-06.mdx.js +167 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/dialogue/lessons/lesson-07.mdx.js +168 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/dialogue/lessons/lesson-08.mdx.js +200 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/essentials/index.d.ts +7 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/essentials/index.js +39 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/essentials/lessons/lesson-01.mdx.js +207 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/essentials/lessons/lesson-02.mdx.js +205 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/essentials/lessons/lesson-03.mdx.js +212 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/essentials/lessons/lesson-04.mdx.js +192 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/essentials/lessons/lesson-05.mdx.js +213 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/essentials/lessons/lesson-06.mdx.js +241 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/food/index.d.ts +7 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/food/index.js +43 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/food/lessons/lesson-01.mdx.js +170 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/food/lessons/lesson-02.mdx.js +178 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/food/lessons/lesson-03.mdx.js +189 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/food/lessons/lesson-04.mdx.js +180 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/food/lessons/lesson-05.mdx.js +164 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/food/lessons/lesson-06.mdx.js +179 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/food/lessons/lesson-07.mdx.js +193 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/food/lessons/lesson-08.mdx.js +188 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/katakana/index.d.ts +7 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/numbers/index.d.ts +7 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/numbers/index.js +37 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/numbers/lessons/lesson-01.mdx.js +190 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/numbers/lessons/lesson-02.mdx.js +194 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/numbers/lessons/lesson-03.mdx.js +197 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/numbers/lessons/lesson-04.mdx.js +215 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/numbers/lessons/lesson-05.mdx.js +227 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/travel/index.d.ts +7 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/travel/index.js +41 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/travel/lessons/lesson-01.mdx.js +156 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/travel/lessons/lesson-02.mdx.js +175 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/travel/lessons/lesson-03.mdx.js +177 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/travel/lessons/lesson-04.mdx.js +181 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/travel/lessons/lesson-05.mdx.js +162 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/travel/lessons/lesson-06.mdx.js +179 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/travel/lessons/lesson-07.mdx.js +194 -0
- package/package.json +31 -6
- package/src/syllabi/dialogue/lessons/lesson-01.mdx +177 -0
- package/src/syllabi/dialogue/lessons/lesson-02.mdx +189 -0
- package/src/syllabi/dialogue/lessons/lesson-03.mdx +165 -0
- package/src/syllabi/dialogue/lessons/lesson-04.mdx +178 -0
- package/src/syllabi/dialogue/lessons/lesson-05.mdx +172 -0
- package/src/syllabi/dialogue/lessons/lesson-06.mdx +163 -0
- package/src/syllabi/dialogue/lessons/lesson-07.mdx +164 -0
- package/src/syllabi/dialogue/lessons/lesson-08.mdx +196 -0
- package/src/syllabi/essentials/lessons/lesson-01.mdx +203 -0
- package/src/syllabi/essentials/lessons/lesson-02.mdx +201 -0
- package/src/syllabi/essentials/lessons/lesson-03.mdx +208 -0
- package/src/syllabi/essentials/lessons/lesson-04.mdx +188 -0
- package/src/syllabi/essentials/lessons/lesson-05.mdx +209 -0
- package/src/syllabi/essentials/lessons/lesson-06.mdx +237 -0
- package/src/syllabi/food/lessons/lesson-01.mdx +166 -0
- package/src/syllabi/food/lessons/lesson-02.mdx +174 -0
- package/src/syllabi/food/lessons/lesson-03.mdx +185 -0
- package/src/syllabi/food/lessons/lesson-04.mdx +176 -0
- package/src/syllabi/food/lessons/lesson-05.mdx +160 -0
- package/src/syllabi/food/lessons/lesson-06.mdx +175 -0
- package/src/syllabi/food/lessons/lesson-07.mdx +189 -0
- package/src/syllabi/food/lessons/lesson-08.mdx +184 -0
- package/src/syllabi/numbers/lessons/lesson-01.mdx +186 -0
- package/src/syllabi/numbers/lessons/lesson-02.mdx +190 -0
- package/src/syllabi/numbers/lessons/lesson-03.mdx +193 -0
- package/src/syllabi/numbers/lessons/lesson-04.mdx +211 -0
- package/src/syllabi/numbers/lessons/lesson-05.mdx +223 -0
- package/src/syllabi/travel/lessons/lesson-01.mdx +152 -0
- package/src/syllabi/travel/lessons/lesson-02.mdx +171 -0
- package/src/syllabi/travel/lessons/lesson-03.mdx +173 -0
- package/src/syllabi/travel/lessons/lesson-04.mdx +177 -0
- package/src/syllabi/travel/lessons/lesson-05.mdx +158 -0
- package/src/syllabi/travel/lessons/lesson-06.mdx +175 -0
- package/src/syllabi/travel/lessons/lesson-07.mdx +190 -0
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const e = `---
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type: lesson
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id: japanese-food-lesson-08
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title: "だい 8 か — しょくたくの マナー"
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description: "Food Etiquette: chopstick rules, dining customs, and respectful table manners"
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order: 8
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parentId: japanese-food
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difficulty: beginner
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cefrLevel: A1
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categories:
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- food
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- etiquette
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- culture
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metadata:
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estimatedTime: 25
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prerequisites:
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- japanese-food-lesson-01
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- japanese-food-lesson-03
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learningObjectives:
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- id: obj-ja-food-08-chopstick
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description: "State at least 5 chopstick rules and taboos"
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skill: word-recognition
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- id: obj-ja-food-08-mealtime
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description: "Use correct mealtime expressions before and after eating"
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skill: polite-register
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- id: obj-ja-food-08-manners
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description: "Describe appropriate table manners for Japanese dining"
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skill: situational-response
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---
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# だい 8 か (Lesson 8) — Food Etiquette
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## Introduction
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Japanese dining has a rich set of customs and rules. Many are about showing respect — for the food, the cook, and fellow diners. Learning these customs will make you a welcome guest at any Japanese table.
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## Essential Mealtime Expressions
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:::vocabulary-set{id="ja-food-08-expressions" title="Mealtime Expressions"}
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::vocab-item{id="itadakimasu" word="いただきます" pronunciation="itadakimasu" meaning="I humbly receive — said before eating, with hands together"}
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::vocab-item{id="gochisousama" word="ごちそうさまでした" pronunciation="gochisousama deshita" meaning="It was a feast — said after finishing, thanking for the meal"}
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::vocab-item{id="oishikatta" word="おいしかったです" pronunciation="oishikatta desu" meaning="It was delicious — polite compliment after eating"}
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::vocab-item{id="okawari" word="おかわりしてもいいですか" pronunciation="okawari shite mo ii desu ka" meaning="May I have a refill / second helping?"}
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::vocab-item{id="mou-ippon" word="もういっぱい いかがですか" pronunciation="mou ippai ikaga desu ka" meaning="Would you like another drink?"}
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:::
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## Chopstick Vocabulary
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:::vocabulary-set{id="ja-food-08-chopstick" title="Chopstick Words"}
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::vocab-item{id="hashi" word="はし" pronunciation="hashi" meaning="Chopsticks"}
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::vocab-item{id="waribashi" word="わりばし" pronunciation="waribashi" meaning="Disposable chopsticks (split apart)"}
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::vocab-item{id="hashioki" word="はしおき" pronunciation="hashioki" meaning="Chopstick rest"}
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::vocab-item{id="hashi-taboo" word="まよいばし" pronunciation="mayoibashi" meaning="Hovering chopsticks — a taboo (can't decide what to pick)"}
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:::
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## Chopstick Rules
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### What NOT to Do (タブー)
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| Taboo | Japanese | Reason |
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|-------|----------|--------|
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| Sticking chopsticks upright in rice | たてばし | Resembles funeral offerings |
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| Passing food chopstick to chopstick | わたしばし | Resembles funeral bone ceremony |
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| Spearing food | さしばし | Rude, using chopsticks as a fork |
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| Pointing with chopsticks | さしばし | Considered rude |
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| Licking chopsticks | なめばし | Unsanitary and impolite |
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| Hovering over dishes | まよいばし | Indecisive, frustrating for others |
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### What to Do
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- Place chopsticks on the はしおき (chopstick rest) when not in use
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- Hold your bowl up near your mouth when eating rice
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- Use the reverse end of chopsticks when taking from shared dishes (unless serving yourself first)
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## General Table Manners
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| Custom | Explanation |
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|--------|-------------|
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| Wait for the eldest to start | Do not begin eating before the eldest person |
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| Slurping noodles | Acceptable — it shows enjoyment and cools the noodles |
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| Lifting bowls | Polite to hold small bowls up while eating |
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| Waste not | It is rude to leave rice in your bowl — finish it all |
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| No elbows on the table | Same as in many cultures |
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## Cultural Note: おもてなし
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おもてなし (omotenashi) is the Japanese concept of hospitality — anticipating guests' needs without being asked. At a Japanese dinner, the host will:
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- Continuously refill your drinks
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- Serve you portions before themselves
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- Apologize if they feel the food is inadequate (even if it is excellent)
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Responding with おいしいです! or おいしかったです is the best way to show appreciation.
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## Sample Conversation
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**Host**: どうぞ、めしあがってください!
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(Please, eat!)
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**Guest**: ありがとうございます。いただきます。
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(Thank you. I humbly receive.)
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---
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*(After eating)*
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**Guest**: ごちそうさまでした。とても おいしかったです!
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(Thank you for the meal. It was very delicious!)
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**Host**: おそまつさまでした。
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(It was nothing special — a humble response to thanks.)
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## Practice Exercises
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:::exercise{id="ja-food-08-taboo-match" type="matching" title="Chopstick Taboos" skill="word-recognition" objectiveId="obj-ja-food-08-chopstick"}
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**Question:** Match each taboo name to what it describes
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- たてばし
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- わたしばし
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- まよいばし
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**Answer:**
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- たてばし → Sticking chopsticks upright in rice (funeral association)
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- わたしばし → Passing food chopstick to chopstick (funeral bone ceremony association)
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- まよいばし → Hovering chopsticks over dishes unable to decide
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**Explanation:** These three taboos are among the most important chopstick rules in Japan. たてばし and わたしばし are strictly avoided because they mimic funeral rituals.
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:::
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:::exercise{id="ja-food-08-meal-phrases" type="fill-in-blank" title="Before and After" skill="polite-register" objectiveId="obj-ja-food-08-mealtime"}
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**Question:** Fill in the correct mealtime expression:
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1. Before eating: ___
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2. After eating: ___
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**Answer:**
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1. **いただきます**
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2. **ごちそうさまでした**
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**Explanation:** These two phrases bracket every Japanese meal. いただきます is said before the first bite; ごちそうさまでした when you are finished. Both express gratitude — for the food, the preparation, and all the effort that went into the meal.
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:::
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:::exercise{id="ja-food-08-slurping" type="multiple-choice" title="Slurping Noodles" skill="situational-response" objectiveId="obj-ja-food-08-manners"}
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**Question:** In Japan, is it acceptable to slurp noodles loudly?
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**Options:**
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- No, it is very rude
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- Yes, it shows enjoyment and cools the noodles
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- Only at home, not in restaurants
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- Only for ramen, not for other noodles
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**Answer:** 2
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**Explanation:** In Japan, slurping noodles is acceptable and even considered a sign that you are enjoying your meal. It also aerates the noodles and helps cool them down so you can eat them hot. This is a cultural difference from many Western countries where slurping is considered rude.
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:::
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## Congratulations!
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You have completed the Japanese Food syllabus. You can now:
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- Name iconic Japanese dishes and describe their tastes
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- Order at restaurants and izakayas confidently
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- Navigate convenience stores and understand seasonal food
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- Identify key Japanese pantry ingredients
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- Follow proper dining etiquette and chopstick rules
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Continue your Japanese learning with the Travel and Dialogue syllabi to expand your ability to communicate in Japan.
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`;
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export {
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e as default
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};
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import { SyllabusConfig, ContentLoader } from '../../shared.js';
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export declare const config: SyllabusConfig;
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export declare const loader: ContentLoader;
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export declare const loadLesson: (lessonNumber: number) => Promise<import('../../shared.js').LoadedLesson>;
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export declare const loadAllLessons: () => Promise<import('../../shared.js').LoadedLesson[]>;
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export declare const getAvailableLessons: () => number[];
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//# sourceMappingURL=index.d.ts.map
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import { SyllabusConfig, ContentLoader } from '../../shared.js';
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export declare const config: SyllabusConfig;
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export declare const loader: ContentLoader;
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export declare const loadLesson: (lessonNumber: number) => Promise<import('../../shared.js').LoadedLesson>;
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export declare const loadAllLessons: () => Promise<import('../../shared.js').LoadedLesson[]>;
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export declare const getAvailableLessons: () => number[];
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//# sourceMappingURL=index.d.ts.map
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import { createContentLoader as o } from "../../shared.js";
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const s = {
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id: "ja-numbers",
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title: "すうじ (Japanese Numbers)",
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description: "Learn Japanese numbers, counters, time, dates, and practical counting",
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language: "ja",
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locale: "ja-JP",
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lessonCount: 5,
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difficulty: "beginner",
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cefrLevel: "A1",
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icon: "numbers",
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version: "0.1.0"
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};
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async function t(n) {
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switch (n) {
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case 1:
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return import("./lessons/lesson-01.mdx.js");
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case 2:
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return import("./lessons/lesson-02.mdx.js");
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case 3:
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return import("./lessons/lesson-03.mdx.js");
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case 4:
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return import("./lessons/lesson-04.mdx.js");
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case 5:
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return import("./lessons/lesson-05.mdx.js");
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default:
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throw new Error(`Lesson ${n} not found`);
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}
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}
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const e = o(s, t), a = e.loadLesson.bind(e), i = e.loadAllLessons.bind(e), c = e.getAvailableLessons.bind(e);
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export {
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s as config,
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c as getAvailableLessons,
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i as loadAllLessons,
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a as loadLesson,
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e as loader
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};
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@@ -0,0 +1,190 @@
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const n = `---
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type: lesson
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id: japanese-numbers-lesson-01
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title: "だい 1 か — かず 1 から 10"
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5
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description: "Numbers 1-10: いち, に, さん with kanji (一, 二, 三...)"
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6
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order: 1
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7
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+
parentId: japanese-numbers
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8
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difficulty: beginner
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9
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cefrLevel: A1
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10
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categories:
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11
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+
- numbers
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12
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- basic-counting
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13
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- kanji
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metadata:
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estimatedTime: 25
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prerequisites: []
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learningObjectives:
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- id: obj-ja-num-01-read
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description: "Read and recognize numbers 1-10 in hiragana and kanji"
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skill: word-recognition
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- id: obj-ja-num-01-say
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description: "Say numbers 1-10 correctly with proper pronunciation"
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skill: word-pronunciation
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- id: obj-ja-num-01-write
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description: "Write numbers 1-10 in hiragana"
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skill: word-production
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27
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---
|
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28
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+
|
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29
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# だい 1 か (Lesson 1) — Numbers 1-10
|
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30
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|
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31
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## Introduction
|
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32
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+
|
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33
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+
Japanese numbers from 1 to 10 are the foundation of all counting. Each number has a kanji character and a hiragana reading. Japanese also has two different reading systems for some numbers — it is important to learn which reading fits which context.
|
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34
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+
|
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35
|
+
## Numbers 1 to 10
|
|
36
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+
|
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37
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:::vocabulary-set{id="ja-nums-1-10" title="Numbers 1 to 10"}
|
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38
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+
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::vocab-item{id="ja-num-ichi" word="いち (一)" pronunciation="ichi" meaning="1 — one"}
|
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40
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+
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41
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::vocab-item{id="ja-num-ni" word="に (二)" pronunciation="ni" meaning="2 — two"}
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42
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+
|
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43
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::vocab-item{id="ja-num-san" word="さん (三)" pronunciation="san" meaning="3 — three"}
|
|
44
|
+
|
|
45
|
+
::vocab-item{id="ja-num-shi" word="し・よん (四)" pronunciation="shi / yon" meaning="4 — four (two readings)"}
|
|
46
|
+
|
|
47
|
+
::vocab-item{id="ja-num-go" word="ご (五)" pronunciation="go" meaning="5 — five"}
|
|
48
|
+
|
|
49
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+
::vocab-item{id="ja-num-roku" word="ろく (六)" pronunciation="roku" meaning="6 — six"}
|
|
50
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+
|
|
51
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+
::vocab-item{id="ja-num-shichi" word="しち・なな (七)" pronunciation="shichi / nana" meaning="7 — seven (two readings)"}
|
|
52
|
+
|
|
53
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+
::vocab-item{id="ja-num-hachi" word="はち (八)" pronunciation="hachi" meaning="8 — eight"}
|
|
54
|
+
|
|
55
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+
::vocab-item{id="ja-num-kyuu" word="きゅう・く (九)" pronunciation="kyuu / ku" meaning="9 — nine (two readings)"}
|
|
56
|
+
|
|
57
|
+
::vocab-item{id="ja-num-juu" word="じゅう (十)" pronunciation="juu" meaning="10 — ten"}
|
|
58
|
+
|
|
59
|
+
:::
|
|
60
|
+
|
|
61
|
+
## The Two Counting Systems
|
|
62
|
+
|
|
63
|
+
Japanese has two origins for its number words:
|
|
64
|
+
|
|
65
|
+
| Number | Chinese-origin (おんよみ) | Native Japanese (くんよみ) | Common use |
|
|
66
|
+
|--------|--------------------------|---------------------------|-----------|
|
|
67
|
+
| 4 | し (shi) | よん (yon) | よん preferred for prices, general counting |
|
|
68
|
+
| 7 | しち (shichi) | なな (nana) | なな preferred to avoid confusion with いち |
|
|
69
|
+
| 9 | く (ku) | きゅう (kyuu) | きゅう preferred (く sounds like pain/suffering) |
|
|
70
|
+
|
|
71
|
+
For numbers 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 10 — there is only one standard reading.
|
|
72
|
+
|
|
73
|
+
## Kanji Overview
|
|
74
|
+
|
|
75
|
+
| Kanji | Hiragana | Number |
|
|
76
|
+
|-------|----------|--------|
|
|
77
|
+
| 一 | いち | 1 |
|
|
78
|
+
| 二 | に | 2 |
|
|
79
|
+
| 三 | さん | 3 |
|
|
80
|
+
| 四 | し / よん | 4 |
|
|
81
|
+
| 五 | ご | 5 |
|
|
82
|
+
| 六 | ろく | 6 |
|
|
83
|
+
| 七 | しち / なな | 7 |
|
|
84
|
+
| 八 | はち | 8 |
|
|
85
|
+
| 九 | きゅう / く | 9 |
|
|
86
|
+
| 十 | じゅう | 10 |
|
|
87
|
+
|
|
88
|
+
## Pronunciation Notes
|
|
89
|
+
|
|
90
|
+
| Number | Watch Out For |
|
|
91
|
+
|--------|--------------|
|
|
92
|
+
| に (2) | Short vowel — not "nee," just "ni" |
|
|
93
|
+
| さん (3) | The ん is a syllable on its own: sa-n |
|
|
94
|
+
| ろく (6) | Two short syllables: ro-ku |
|
|
95
|
+
| はち (8) | The chi is like "ch" in "cheese": ha-chi |
|
|
96
|
+
| じゅう (10) | Long vowel: juu (hold the u sound) |
|
|
97
|
+
|
|
98
|
+
## Numbers in Japanese Script
|
|
99
|
+
|
|
100
|
+
Here are the numbers written large so you can study them:
|
|
101
|
+
|
|
102
|
+
| 一 | 二 | 三 | 四 | 五 |
|
|
103
|
+
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
104
|
+
| いち | に | さん | よん | ご |
|
|
105
|
+
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
|
|
106
|
+
|
|
107
|
+
| 六 | 七 | 八 | 九 | 十 |
|
|
108
|
+
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
109
|
+
| ろく | なな | はち | きゅう | じゅう |
|
|
110
|
+
| 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
|
|
111
|
+
|
|
112
|
+
## Counting on Fingers
|
|
113
|
+
|
|
114
|
+
Japanese people often hold up fingers differently from Western customs when counting:
|
|
115
|
+
- Start with your palm open (fingers extended), not closed
|
|
116
|
+
- Fold fingers down one at a time to count 1 through 5
|
|
117
|
+
- On the second hand, extend fingers from a closed fist to count 6 through 10
|
|
118
|
+
|
|
119
|
+
## Key Points
|
|
120
|
+
|
|
121
|
+
1. **Learn all ten**: Every number 11-99 is built from these ten
|
|
122
|
+
2. **よん, なな, きゅう in daily use**: Safer for prices, times, and general counting
|
|
123
|
+
3. **Kanji are everywhere**: Train station displays, signs, and menus all use number kanji
|
|
124
|
+
4. **Short vowels matter**: に is not ニー, ろく is not ろく (long)
|
|
125
|
+
|
|
126
|
+
## Practice Exercises
|
|
127
|
+
|
|
128
|
+
:::exercise{id="ja-num-01-read-nums" type="matching" title="Match Number to Reading" skill="word-recognition" objectiveId="obj-ja-num-01-read"}
|
|
129
|
+
|
|
130
|
+
**Question:** Match each kanji to its hiragana reading
|
|
131
|
+
|
|
132
|
+
- 三
|
|
133
|
+
- 六
|
|
134
|
+
- 八
|
|
135
|
+
- 十
|
|
136
|
+
|
|
137
|
+
**Answer:**
|
|
138
|
+
|
|
139
|
+
- 三 → さん (san)
|
|
140
|
+
- 六 → ろく (roku)
|
|
141
|
+
- 八 → はち (hachi)
|
|
142
|
+
- 十 → じゅう (juu)
|
|
143
|
+
|
|
144
|
+
**Explanation:** These four have only one reading each (unlike 4, 7, and 9). Recognizing these kanji is essential because they appear everywhere — signs, menus, prices, train platforms.
|
|
145
|
+
|
|
146
|
+
:::
|
|
147
|
+
|
|
148
|
+
:::exercise{id="ja-num-01-alt-readings" type="fill-in-blank" title="Alternate Readings" skill="word-pronunciation" objectiveId="obj-ja-num-01-say"}
|
|
149
|
+
|
|
150
|
+
**Question:** For each number, give the preferred reading for everyday use:
|
|
151
|
+
|
|
152
|
+
1. 4 → ___ (preferred)
|
|
153
|
+
2. 7 → ___ (preferred)
|
|
154
|
+
3. 9 → ___ (preferred)
|
|
155
|
+
|
|
156
|
+
**Answer:**
|
|
157
|
+
|
|
158
|
+
1. 4 → **よん** (yon)
|
|
159
|
+
2. 7 → **なな** (nana)
|
|
160
|
+
3. 9 → **きゅう** (kyuu)
|
|
161
|
+
|
|
162
|
+
**Explanation:** よん, なな, and きゅう are preferred in daily contexts because し sounds like death (死), しち can be confused with いち (1), and く sounds like pain (苦). Using the alternate readings avoids these associations.
|
|
163
|
+
|
|
164
|
+
:::
|
|
165
|
+
|
|
166
|
+
:::exercise{id="ja-num-01-write-hiragana" type="fill-in-blank" title="Write Numbers in Hiragana" skill="word-production" objectiveId="obj-ja-num-01-write"}
|
|
167
|
+
|
|
168
|
+
**Question:** Write these numbers in hiragana:
|
|
169
|
+
|
|
170
|
+
1. 5
|
|
171
|
+
2. 8
|
|
172
|
+
3. 2
|
|
173
|
+
|
|
174
|
+
**Answer:**
|
|
175
|
+
|
|
176
|
+
1. **ご**
|
|
177
|
+
2. **はち**
|
|
178
|
+
3. **に**
|
|
179
|
+
|
|
180
|
+
**Explanation:** ご (5), はち (8), and に (2) each have only one reading. Knowing these without hesitation is important because you will use them constantly when counting, telling time, and shopping.
|
|
181
|
+
|
|
182
|
+
:::
|
|
183
|
+
|
|
184
|
+
## What's Next
|
|
185
|
+
|
|
186
|
+
In Lesson 2, you will learn numbers 11-100, built from the ten digits you have just learned.
|
|
187
|
+
`;
|
|
188
|
+
export {
|
|
189
|
+
n as default
|
|
190
|
+
};
|
|
@@ -0,0 +1,194 @@
|
|
|
1
|
+
const n = `---
|
|
2
|
+
type: lesson
|
|
3
|
+
id: japanese-numbers-lesson-02
|
|
4
|
+
title: "だい 2 か — かず 11 から 100"
|
|
5
|
+
description: "Numbers 11-100: compound numbers, special readings for 20, 30, etc."
|
|
6
|
+
order: 2
|
|
7
|
+
parentId: japanese-numbers
|
|
8
|
+
difficulty: beginner
|
|
9
|
+
cefrLevel: A1
|
|
10
|
+
categories:
|
|
11
|
+
- numbers
|
|
12
|
+
- counting
|
|
13
|
+
- compound-numbers
|
|
14
|
+
metadata:
|
|
15
|
+
estimatedTime: 30
|
|
16
|
+
prerequisites:
|
|
17
|
+
- japanese-numbers-lesson-01
|
|
18
|
+
learningObjectives:
|
|
19
|
+
- id: obj-ja-num-02-teens
|
|
20
|
+
description: "Form and read teen numbers (11-19) using じゅう + digit"
|
|
21
|
+
skill: pattern-recognition
|
|
22
|
+
- id: obj-ja-num-02-tens
|
|
23
|
+
description: "Form and read round tens (20, 30, 40...) using digit + じゅう"
|
|
24
|
+
skill: pattern-recognition
|
|
25
|
+
- id: obj-ja-num-02-compound
|
|
26
|
+
description: "Build any number from 11 to 99 by combining tens and ones"
|
|
27
|
+
skill: pattern-application
|
|
28
|
+
---
|
|
29
|
+
|
|
30
|
+
# だい 2 か (Lesson 2) — Numbers 11-100
|
|
31
|
+
|
|
32
|
+
## Introduction
|
|
33
|
+
|
|
34
|
+
Once you know 1-10, building any number up to 99 follows a simple logical rule. Japanese numbers are completely regular — there are no irregular forms like "eleven" or "twelve" in English. Each number is simply a combination of the ones you already know.
|
|
35
|
+
|
|
36
|
+
## The Pattern: じゅう is the Key
|
|
37
|
+
|
|
38
|
+
The word じゅう (十) means 10. All numbers above 10 use じゅう as their base:
|
|
39
|
+
|
|
40
|
+
| Number | Structure | Japanese | Pronunciation |
|
|
41
|
+
|--------|-----------|----------|---------------|
|
|
42
|
+
| 11 | 10 + 1 | じゅういち | juu-ichi |
|
|
43
|
+
| 12 | 10 + 2 | じゅうに | juu-ni |
|
|
44
|
+
| 13 | 10 + 3 | じゅうさん | juu-san |
|
|
45
|
+
| 14 | 10 + 4 | じゅうよん | juu-yon |
|
|
46
|
+
| 15 | 10 + 5 | じゅうご | juu-go |
|
|
47
|
+
| 16 | 10 + 6 | じゅうろく | juu-roku |
|
|
48
|
+
| 17 | 10 + 7 | じゅうなな | juu-nana |
|
|
49
|
+
| 18 | 10 + 8 | じゅうはち | juu-hachi |
|
|
50
|
+
| 19 | 10 + 9 | じゅうきゅう | juu-kyuu |
|
|
51
|
+
| 20 | 2 x 10 | にじゅう | ni-juu |
|
|
52
|
+
|
|
53
|
+
## Tens: Digit + じゅう
|
|
54
|
+
|
|
55
|
+
The tens are formed by putting the digit before じゅう:
|
|
56
|
+
|
|
57
|
+
:::vocabulary-set{id="ja-tens" title="Round Tens 10-100"}
|
|
58
|
+
|
|
59
|
+
::vocab-item{id="ja-num-juu-ten" word="じゅう (十)" pronunciation="juu" meaning="10 — ten"}
|
|
60
|
+
|
|
61
|
+
::vocab-item{id="ja-num-nijuu" word="にじゅう (二十)" pronunciation="ni-juu" meaning="20 — twenty"}
|
|
62
|
+
|
|
63
|
+
::vocab-item{id="ja-num-sanjuu" word="さんじゅう (三十)" pronunciation="san-juu" meaning="30 — thirty"}
|
|
64
|
+
|
|
65
|
+
::vocab-item{id="ja-num-yonjuu" word="よんじゅう (四十)" pronunciation="yon-juu" meaning="40 — forty"}
|
|
66
|
+
|
|
67
|
+
::vocab-item{id="ja-num-gojuu" word="ごじゅう (五十)" pronunciation="go-juu" meaning="50 — fifty"}
|
|
68
|
+
|
|
69
|
+
::vocab-item{id="ja-num-rokujuu" word="ろくじゅう (六十)" pronunciation="roku-juu" meaning="60 — sixty"}
|
|
70
|
+
|
|
71
|
+
::vocab-item{id="ja-num-nanajuu" word="ななじゅう (七十)" pronunciation="nana-juu" meaning="70 — seventy"}
|
|
72
|
+
|
|
73
|
+
::vocab-item{id="ja-num-hachijuu" word="はちじゅう (八十)" pronunciation="hachi-juu" meaning="80 — eighty"}
|
|
74
|
+
|
|
75
|
+
::vocab-item{id="ja-num-kyuujuu" word="きゅうじゅう (九十)" pronunciation="kyuu-juu" meaning="90 — ninety"}
|
|
76
|
+
|
|
77
|
+
::vocab-item{id="ja-num-hyaku" word="ひゃく (百)" pronunciation="hyaku" meaning="100 — one hundred"}
|
|
78
|
+
|
|
79
|
+
:::
|
|
80
|
+
|
|
81
|
+
## Compound Numbers: Tens + Ones
|
|
82
|
+
|
|
83
|
+
Any number from 21 to 99 is formed as: tens + ones.
|
|
84
|
+
|
|
85
|
+
| Number | Structure | Japanese | Pronunciation |
|
|
86
|
+
|--------|-----------|----------|---------------|
|
|
87
|
+
| 21 | 20 + 1 | にじゅういち | ni-juu-ichi |
|
|
88
|
+
| 35 | 30 + 5 | さんじゅうご | san-juu-go |
|
|
89
|
+
| 47 | 40 + 7 | よんじゅうなな | yon-juu-nana |
|
|
90
|
+
| 58 | 50 + 8 | ごじゅうはち | go-juu-hachi |
|
|
91
|
+
| 62 | 60 + 2 | ろくじゅうに | roku-juu-ni |
|
|
92
|
+
| 79 | 70 + 9 | ななじゅうきゅう | nana-juu-kyuu |
|
|
93
|
+
| 83 | 80 + 3 | はちじゅうさん | hachi-juu-san |
|
|
94
|
+
| 96 | 90 + 6 | きゅうじゅうろく | kyuu-juu-roku |
|
|
95
|
+
|
|
96
|
+
## Completely Regular
|
|
97
|
+
|
|
98
|
+
Unlike English (eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen...) Japanese numbers are completely regular. Once you know the pattern:
|
|
99
|
+
|
|
100
|
+
**[tens digit] + じゅう + [ones digit]**
|
|
101
|
+
|
|
102
|
+
You can say any number from 11 to 99.
|
|
103
|
+
|
|
104
|
+
## Practical Uses of Numbers 11-100
|
|
105
|
+
|
|
106
|
+
| Context | Example | Japanese |
|
|
107
|
+
|---------|---------|----------|
|
|
108
|
+
| Price | 45 yen | よんじゅうごえん |
|
|
109
|
+
| Age | 28 years old | にじゅうはっさい |
|
|
110
|
+
| Minutes | 35 minutes | さんじゅうごふん |
|
|
111
|
+
| Floors | 12th floor | じゅうにかい |
|
|
112
|
+
|
|
113
|
+
## Note on 100: ひゃく
|
|
114
|
+
|
|
115
|
+
100 is a new unit: ひゃく (百). It does not follow the pattern of smaller numbers — you cannot say じゅうじゅう for 100. ひゃく is its own word.
|
|
116
|
+
|
|
117
|
+
| Number | Japanese | Pronunciation |
|
|
118
|
+
|--------|----------|---------------|
|
|
119
|
+
| 100 | ひゃく | hyaku |
|
|
120
|
+
| 200 | にひゃく | ni-hyaku |
|
|
121
|
+
| 300 | さんびゃく | san-byaku (note: び sound change) |
|
|
122
|
+
| 500 | ごひゃく | go-hyaku |
|
|
123
|
+
| 800 | はっぴゃく | happyaku (note: っぴ sound change) |
|
|
124
|
+
|
|
125
|
+
## Key Points
|
|
126
|
+
|
|
127
|
+
1. **The pattern is: digit + じゅう + digit**: This covers all numbers 11-99
|
|
128
|
+
2. **No exceptions in the teens or tens**: 20 is にじゅう, 30 is さんじゅう — completely regular
|
|
129
|
+
3. **ひゃく is a new word for 100**: Not derived from じゅう
|
|
130
|
+
4. **よん, なな, きゅう**: Continue to use these preferred forms
|
|
131
|
+
|
|
132
|
+
## Practice Exercises
|
|
133
|
+
|
|
134
|
+
:::exercise{id="ja-num-02-build-teens" type="fill-in-blank" title="Building Teen Numbers" skill="pattern-recognition" objectiveId="obj-ja-num-02-teens"}
|
|
135
|
+
|
|
136
|
+
**Question:** Write these numbers in Japanese (hiragana):
|
|
137
|
+
|
|
138
|
+
1. 14
|
|
139
|
+
2. 17
|
|
140
|
+
3. 19
|
|
141
|
+
|
|
142
|
+
**Answer:**
|
|
143
|
+
|
|
144
|
+
1. **じゅうよん** (juu-yon)
|
|
145
|
+
2. **じゅうなな** (juu-nana)
|
|
146
|
+
3. **じゅうきゅう** (juu-kyuu)
|
|
147
|
+
|
|
148
|
+
**Explanation:** All teen numbers are simply じゅう + the ones digit. There are no irregular forms. Use よん (not し), なな (not しち), and きゅう (not く) for 4, 7, and 9.
|
|
149
|
+
|
|
150
|
+
:::
|
|
151
|
+
|
|
152
|
+
:::exercise{id="ja-num-02-build-tens" type="matching" title="Round Tens" skill="pattern-recognition" objectiveId="obj-ja-num-02-tens"}
|
|
153
|
+
|
|
154
|
+
**Question:** Match each round ten to its Japanese form
|
|
155
|
+
|
|
156
|
+
- 30
|
|
157
|
+
- 60
|
|
158
|
+
- 80
|
|
159
|
+
|
|
160
|
+
**Answer:**
|
|
161
|
+
|
|
162
|
+
- 30 → さんじゅう (san-juu)
|
|
163
|
+
- 60 → ろくじゅう (roku-juu)
|
|
164
|
+
- 80 → はちじゅう (hachi-juu)
|
|
165
|
+
|
|
166
|
+
**Explanation:** Round tens are formed by placing the tens digit before じゅう. さん + じゅう = さんじゅう (30). ろく + じゅう = ろくじゅう (60). はち + じゅう = はちじゅう (80).
|
|
167
|
+
|
|
168
|
+
:::
|
|
169
|
+
|
|
170
|
+
:::exercise{id="ja-num-02-compound-nums" type="fill-in-blank" title="Compound Numbers" skill="pattern-application" objectiveId="obj-ja-num-02-compound"}
|
|
171
|
+
|
|
172
|
+
**Question:** Say these compound numbers in Japanese:
|
|
173
|
+
|
|
174
|
+
1. 42
|
|
175
|
+
2. 78
|
|
176
|
+
3. 95
|
|
177
|
+
|
|
178
|
+
**Answer:**
|
|
179
|
+
|
|
180
|
+
1. **よんじゅうに** (yon-juu-ni)
|
|
181
|
+
2. **ななじゅうはち** (nana-juu-hachi)
|
|
182
|
+
3. **きゅうじゅうご** (kyuu-juu-go)
|
|
183
|
+
|
|
184
|
+
**Explanation:** Compound numbers follow the pattern: [tens digit] + じゅう + [ones digit]. 42 = よん (4) + じゅう (10) + に (2). The structure is completely regular across all numbers 11-99.
|
|
185
|
+
|
|
186
|
+
:::
|
|
187
|
+
|
|
188
|
+
## What's Next
|
|
189
|
+
|
|
190
|
+
In Lesson 3, you will learn Japanese counters — special words used when counting objects, people, and flat things.
|
|
191
|
+
`;
|
|
192
|
+
export {
|
|
193
|
+
n as default
|
|
194
|
+
};
|