@syllst/ja 0.1.1 → 0.1.2

package/src/syllabi/essentials/lessons/lesson-06.mdx

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+---
+type: lesson
+id: japanese-essentials-lesson-06
+title: "だい 6 か — にちじょう かいわ"
+description: "Daily Conversations: weather, time, simple questions and responses"
+order: 6
+parentId: japanese-essentials
+difficulty: beginner
+cefrLevel: A1
+categories:
+  - conversation
+  - daily-life
+  - basics
+metadata:
+  estimatedTime: 35
+  prerequisites:
+    - japanese-essentials-lesson-05
+  learningObjectives:
+    - id: obj-ja-ess-06-weather
+      description: "Talk about the weather using basic vocabulary"
+      skill: word-production
+    - id: obj-ja-ess-06-time
+      description: "Ask and tell the time"
+      skill: word-recognition
+    - id: obj-ja-ess-06-small-talk
+      description: "Carry out simple small talk exchanges"
+      skill: dialogue-comprehension
+---
+
+# だい 6 か (Lesson 6) — Daily Conversations
+
+## Introduction
+
+Daily conversation in Japanese often revolves around a small set of topics — the weather, how you are feeling, what time it is. These are the small exchanges that build relationships and make you feel at home in Japan. Mastering these patterns gives you the foundation for longer conversations.
+
+## Asking How Someone Is
+
+:::vocabulary-set{id="ja-how-are-you" title="How Are You Expressions"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ogenki-desu-ka" word="おげんきですか" pronunciation="o-genki desu ka" meaning="How are you? (Are you well?)"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="genki-desu" word="げんきです" pronunciation="genki desu" meaning="I am fine / I am well"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="maamaa-desu" word="まあまあです" pronunciation="maamaa desu" meaning="So-so / Not bad"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="sukoshi-tsukaremashita" word="すこしつかれました" pronunciation="sukoshi tsukaremashita" meaning="I am a little tired"}
+
+:::
+
+## Weather Vocabulary
+
+:::vocabulary-set{id="ja-weather" title="Weather Words"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="hare" word="はれ (晴れ)" pronunciation="hare" meaning="sunny / clear sky"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="kumori" word="くもり (曇り)" pronunciation="kumori" meaning="cloudy"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ame" word="あめ (雨)" pronunciation="ame" meaning="rain"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="yuki" word="ゆき (雪)" pronunciation="yuki" meaning="snow"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="kaze" word="かぜ (風)" pronunciation="kaze" meaning="wind"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="atsui" word="あつい (暑い)" pronunciation="atsui" meaning="hot"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="samui" word="さむい (寒い)" pronunciation="samui" meaning="cold"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="suzushii" word="すずしい (涼しい)" pronunciation="suzushii" meaning="cool / refreshing"}
+
+:::
+
+## Weather Phrases
+
+| Japanese | Pronunciation | Meaning |
+|----------|---------------|---------|
+| きょうはいいてんきですね | kyou wa ii tenki desu ne | Nice weather today, isn't it? |
+| あめがふっています | ame ga futte imasu | It is raining |
+| さむいですね | samui desu ne | It's cold, isn't it? |
+| あついですね | atsui desu ne | It's hot, isn't it? |
+| てんきよほうは？ | tenki yohou wa? | What's the weather forecast? |
+
+## Telling Time
+
+| Japanese | Pronunciation | Meaning |
+|----------|---------------|---------|
+| いまなんじですか | ima nanji desu ka | What time is it now? |
+| 〜じです | ~ ji desu | It is ~ o'clock |
+| いちじです | ichi ji desu | It is 1 o'clock |
+| ごじはんです | go ji han desu | It is 5:30 |
+| ごぜん | gozen | AM / morning |
+| ごご | gogo | PM / afternoon |
+
+### Hours and Half Hours
+
+| Time | Japanese | Pronunciation |
+|------|----------|---------------|
+| 1:00 | いちじ | ichi ji |
+| 2:00 | にじ | ni ji |
+| 3:00 | さんじ | san ji |
+| 6:30 | ろくじはん | roku ji han |
+| 9:15 | きゅうじじゅうごふん | kyuu ji juu go fun |
+| 12:00 | じゅうにじ | juuni ji |
+
+## Simple Small Talk Patterns
+
+:::vocabulary-set{id="ja-small-talk" title="Small Talk Phrases"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="nihon-wa-dodesuka" word="にほんはどうですか" pronunciation="nihon wa dou desu ka" meaning="How is Japan (for you)?"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="tanoshii" word="たのしい！" pronunciation="tanoshii" meaning="Fun! / Enjoyable!"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="suki-desu" word="すきです" pronunciation="suki desu" meaning="I like it"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="muzukashii" word="むずかしい" pronunciation="muzukashii" meaning="difficult"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="omoshiroi" word="おもしろい" pronunciation="omoshiroi" meaning="interesting / fun"}
+
+:::
+
+## Common Daily Exchanges
+
+| Situation | Japanese | Meaning |
+|-----------|----------|---------|
+| Passing a neighbor | こんにちは、いいてんきですね | Hello, nice weather |
+| Someone asks おげんきですか | はい、げんきです。あなたは？ | Yes, I'm fine. And you? |
+| Someone offers you food | いただきます！ | I'll have some, thank you! |
+| Leaving work/school | おつかれさまでした | Good work today (to colleagues) |
+| Arriving at someone's home | おじゃまします | Excuse me for intruding |
+
+## Social Phrases
+
+| Japanese | Pronunciation | Meaning |
+|----------|---------------|---------|
+| おつかれさまでした | otsukaresama deshita | Good work / You must be tired (to colleagues) |
+| おじゃまします | ojama shimasu | Excuse me for disturbing / intruding |
+| ただいま | tadaima | I'm home |
+| おかえり | okaeri | Welcome home |
+| いってきます | ittekimasu | I'm heading out (lit. I'll go and come back) |
+| いってらっしゃい | itterasshai | Have a safe trip / See you later |
+
+## Sample Weather Conversation
+
+> Aさん: きょうはいいてんきですね！
+> (A: Nice weather today, isn't it!)
+
+> Bさん: そうですね。でも、あしたはあめだそうです。
+> (B: Yes, it is. But apparently it will rain tomorrow.)
+
+> Aさん: そうですか。さむくなりますね。
+> (A: Is that so? It will get cold then.)
+
+> Bさん: ええ。かさをもってきたほうがいいですよ。
+> (B: Yes. You'd better bring an umbrella.)
+
+## Cultural Note: ね (ne) and よ (yo)
+
+Two small sentence-ending particles make your Japanese sound much more natural:
+
+- **ね (ne)**: Seeks shared agreement. "It's cold, isn't it?" (さむいですね) invites the listener to agree — it is a bonding expression.
+- **よ (yo)**: Asserts information the speaker knows but thinks the listener does not. "It will rain, you know" (あめですよ) is a friendly heads-up.
+
+Using these particles is one of the quickest ways to make your Japanese sound less textbook-stiff.
+
+## Key Points
+
+1. **Weather small talk is universal**: きょうはいいてんきですね starts countless conversations
+2. **ね invites agreement**: Add it to observations to sound natural
+3. **いま なんじですか asks the time**: Reply with [number] じです
+4. **はん = half past**: ごじはん = 5:30, さんじはん = 3:30
+
+## Practice Exercises
+
+:::exercise{id="ja-ess-06-weather-match" type="matching" title="Weather Vocabulary" skill="word-production" objectiveId="obj-ja-ess-06-weather"}
+
+**Question:** Match each weather word to its meaning
+
+- はれ
+- くもり
+- ゆき
+
+**Answer:**
+
+- はれ → sunny / clear
+- くもり → cloudy
+- ゆき → snow
+
+**Explanation:** Japanese weather vocabulary is used extensively in small talk. はれ (sunny) and くもり (cloudy) are the most common, while ゆき (snow) and あめ (rain) describe precipitation.
+
+:::
+
+:::exercise{id="ja-ess-06-time-reading" type="fill-in-blank" title="Telling Time" skill="word-recognition" objectiveId="obj-ja-ess-06-time"}
+
+**Question:** How do you say these times in Japanese?
+
+1. 3 o'clock
+2. 7:30
+3. What time is it now?
+
+**Answer:**
+
+1. **さんじです** (san ji desu)
+2. **しちじはんです** (shichi ji han desu) or **ななじはんです** (nana ji han desu)
+3. **いまなんじですか** (ima nanji desu ka)
+
+**Explanation:** Hours use the number + じ (ji). はん means "half past." なんじ (what o'clock) is the question form for asking the time.
+
+:::
+
+:::exercise{id="ja-ess-06-daily-exchange" type="multiple-choice" title="Daily Exchange" skill="dialogue-comprehension" objectiveId="obj-ja-ess-06-small-talk"}
+
+**Question:** You arrive home and your family says おかえり. What is the natural response?
+
+**Options:**
+- いってきます
+- いただきます
+- ただいま
+- おやすみなさい
+
+**Answer:** 3
+
+**Explanation:** ただいま is said by the person arriving home, while おかえり (or おかえりなさい) is the response from those already inside. These paired expressions are deeply embedded in Japanese family life and used every day.
+
+:::
+
+## Congratulations!
+
+You have completed the Japanese Essentials syllabus! You now have a survival toolkit for real-life Japanese situations — greetings, polite expressions, shopping, directions, dining, and daily conversation. Keep practicing by using these phrases in real or simulated situations every day.
+
+**Review the 6 lessons:**
+1. Greetings & Introductions
+2. Polite Expressions
+3. Shopping & Numbers
+4. Asking Directions
+5. Restaurant & Food
+6. Daily Conversations
+
+**Next steps:** Try the Japanese Numbers syllabus to build your counting and time-telling skills, or explore Hiragana to start reading the Japanese script.

package/src/syllabi/food/lessons/lesson-01.mdx

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+---
+type: lesson
+id: japanese-food-lesson-01
+title: "だい 1 か — にほんの たべもの"
+description: "Japanese Cuisine Overview: iconic dishes, food categories, and eating culture"
+order: 1
+parentId: japanese-food
+difficulty: beginner
+cefrLevel: A1
+categories:
+  - food
+  - culture
+  - vocabulary
+metadata:
+  estimatedTime: 30
+  prerequisites: []
+  learningObjectives:
+    - id: obj-ja-food-01-dishes
+      description: "Name at least 8 iconic Japanese dishes"
+      skill: word-recognition
+    - id: obj-ja-food-01-categories
+      description: "Categorize Japanese food into main types"
+      skill: word-production
+    - id: obj-ja-food-01-culture
+      description: "Understand basic Japanese food culture and etiquette"
+      skill: situational-response
+---
+
+# だい 1 か (Lesson 1) — Japanese Cuisine Overview
+
+## Introduction
+
+Japanese cuisine (にほんりょうり) is one of the most varied in the world, ranging from delicate raw fish to hearty noodle soups. This lesson introduces the most iconic Japanese dishes you will encounter.
+
+## Iconic Japanese Dishes
+
+:::vocabulary-set{id="ja-food-01-iconic" title="Iconic Japanese Dishes"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="sushi" word="すし" pronunciation="sushi" meaning="Sushi — rice topped with fish or other ingredients"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="sashimi" word="さしみ" pronunciation="sashimi" meaning="Sashimi — thinly sliced raw fish"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ramen" word="ラーメン" pronunciation="raamen" meaning="Ramen — wheat noodles in broth"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="tempura" word="てんぷら" pronunciation="tenpura" meaning="Tempura — lightly battered and deep-fried seafood or vegetables"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="tonkatsu" word="とんかつ" pronunciation="tonkatsu" meaning="Tonkatsu — breaded and fried pork cutlet"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="udon" word="うどん" pronunciation="udon" meaning="Udon — thick wheat noodles in broth"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="soba" word="そば" pronunciation="soba" meaning="Soba — thin buckwheat noodles"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="yakitori" word="やきとり" pronunciation="yakitori" meaning="Yakitori — grilled chicken skewers"}
+
+:::
+
+## Food Categories
+
+:::vocabulary-set{id="ja-food-01-categories" title="Food Category Words"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ryouri" word="りょうり" pronunciation="ryouri" meaning="Cuisine / dish / cooking"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="sakana" word="さかな" pronunciation="sakana" meaning="Fish"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="niku" word="にく" pronunciation="niku" meaning="Meat"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="yasai" word="やさい" pronunciation="yasai" meaning="Vegetables"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="gohan" word="ごはん" pronunciation="gohan" meaning="Cooked rice / a meal"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="menrui" word="めんるい" pronunciation="menrui" meaning="Noodles (general)"}
+
+:::
+
+## Key Food Culture Points
+
+### ごはん (gohan) — Rice and More
+
+The word ごはん literally means "cooked rice" but is also used to mean "a meal" in general:
+
+| Expression | Meaning |
+|------------|---------|
+| あさごはん | Breakfast (morning meal) |
+| ひるごはん | Lunch (noon meal) |
+| ばんごはん | Dinner (evening meal) |
+
+### Eating Etiquette
+
+| Custom | Explanation |
+|--------|-------------|
+| いただきます | Said before eating — "I humbly receive" |
+| ごちそうさまでした | Said after eating — "It was a feast" |
+| はしを つかう | Using chopsticks — the standard utensil |
+| さらに もる | Serving food to others before yourself |
+
+## Sample Conversation
+
+**A**: にほんの たべもので、なにが すきですか？
+(What Japanese food do you like?)
+
+**B**: すしが だいすきです！
+(I love sushi!)
+
+**A**: ラーメンは？
+(What about ramen?)
+
+**B**: ラーメンも すきです。とくに とんこつラーメンが おいしいです。
+(I like ramen too. Especially tonkotsu ramen is delicious.)
+
+## Practice Exercises
+
+:::exercise{id="ja-food-01-match-dish" type="matching" title="Match Dish to Description" skill="word-recognition" objectiveId="obj-ja-food-01-dishes"}
+
+**Question:** Match each dish to its description
+
+- すし
+- ラーメン
+- てんぷら
+
+**Answer:**
+
+- すし → Rice topped with fish or ingredients
+- ラーメン → Wheat noodles in broth
+- てんぷら → Lightly battered deep-fried seafood or vegetables
+
+**Explanation:** すし, ラーメン, and てんぷら are three of the most recognized Japanese dishes worldwide. Each has a distinct preparation method.
+
+:::
+
+:::exercise{id="ja-food-01-gohan" type="fill-in-blank" title="Meal Names" skill="word-production" objectiveId="obj-ja-food-01-categories"}
+
+**Question:** Fill in the blank to complete each meal name:
+
+1. あさ___ (breakfast)
+2. ひる___ (lunch)
+3. ばん___ (dinner)
+
+**Answer:**
+
+1. あさ**ごはん**
+2. ひる**ごはん**
+3. ばん**ごはん**
+
+**Explanation:** ごはん means both "cooked rice" and "meal." Combined with time words, it forms the Japanese words for each daily meal.
+
+:::
+
+:::exercise{id="ja-food-01-etiquette" type="multiple-choice" title="Before or After?" skill="situational-response" objectiveId="obj-ja-food-01-culture"}
+
+**Question:** Which expression do you say BEFORE eating?
+
+**Options:**
+- ごちそうさまでした
+- いただきます
+- すみません
+- よろしくおねがいします
+
+**Answer:** 2
+
+**Explanation:** いただきます is said before eating to express gratitude for the meal. ごちそうさまでした is said after the meal to thank the cook or host.
+
+:::
+
+## What's Next
+
+In Lesson 2, you will learn taste vocabulary — how to describe whether food is delicious, sweet, spicy, or bitter.

package/src/syllabi/food/lessons/lesson-02.mdx

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+---
+type: lesson
+id: japanese-food-lesson-02
+title: "だい 2 か — あじの ひょうげん"
+description: "Taste Adjectives: おいしい, あまい, からい, and describing food"
+order: 2
+parentId: japanese-food
+difficulty: beginner
+cefrLevel: A1
+categories:
+  - food
+  - adjectives
+  - vocabulary
+metadata:
+  estimatedTime: 25
+  prerequisites:
+    - japanese-food-lesson-01
+  learningObjectives:
+    - id: obj-ja-food-02-taste
+      description: "Describe food using at least 6 taste adjectives"
+      skill: word-production
+    - id: obj-ja-food-02-opinion
+      description: "Express whether you like or dislike a food"
+      skill: situational-response
+    - id: obj-ja-food-02-adj-grammar
+      description: "Use い-adjectives to modify food nouns"
+      skill: pattern-application
+---
+
+# だい 2 か (Lesson 2) — Taste Adjectives
+
+## Introduction
+
+Describing food in Japanese relies on a set of い-adjectives (i-adjectives) for taste. These are among the most useful adjectives you will learn, as they apply to almost every eating situation.
+
+## Core Taste Adjectives
+
+:::vocabulary-set{id="ja-food-02-taste" title="Taste Adjectives"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="oishii" word="おいしい" pronunciation="oishii" meaning="Delicious / tasty"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="mazui" word="まずい" pronunciation="mazui" meaning="Tastes bad / unpleasant"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="amai" word="あまい" pronunciation="amai" meaning="Sweet"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="karai" word="からい" pronunciation="karai" meaning="Spicy / hot"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="shoppai" word="しょっぱい" pronunciation="shoppai" meaning="Salty"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="suppai" word="すっぱい" pronunciation="suppai" meaning="Sour"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="nigai" word="にがい" pronunciation="nigai" meaning="Bitter"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="umami" word="うまみ" pronunciation="umami" meaning="Savory / umami — the fifth taste, rich and satisfying"}
+
+:::
+
+## Additional Texture and Temperature Words
+
+:::vocabulary-set{id="ja-food-02-texture" title="Texture and Temperature"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="atsui-food" word="あつい" pronunciation="atsui" meaning="Hot (temperature — for food and drinks)"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="tsumetai" word="つめたい" pronunciation="tsumetai" meaning="Cold (for food and drinks)"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="yawarakai" word="やわらかい" pronunciation="yawarakai" meaning="Soft / tender"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="katai" word="かたい" pronunciation="katai" meaning="Hard / tough"}
+
+:::
+
+## Grammar: Using い-Adjectives with Food
+
+Japanese い-adjectives attach directly before nouns:
+
+| Pattern | Example | Translation |
+|---------|---------|-------------|
+| [adj] + [noun] + です | あまいケーキです | It is a sweet cake |
+| [noun] + は + [adj] + です | このりょうりはからいです | This dish is spicy |
+| [adj] + くない + です | あまくないです | It is not sweet |
+
+### Expressing Likes and Dislikes
+
+| Expression | Meaning |
+|------------|---------|
+| 〜が すきです | I like ~ |
+| 〜が だいすきです | I love ~ |
+| 〜が きらいです | I dislike ~ |
+| 〜が にがてです | I am not good with ~ / I find ~ difficult |
+
+## Common Food Descriptions
+
+| Food | Typical Description |
+|------|---------------------|
+| すし | おいしい / うまみがある (umami-rich) |
+| チョコレート | あまい (sweet) |
+| わさび | からい (spicy/hot) |
+| レモン | すっぱい (sour) |
+| コーヒー | にがい (bitter) |
+| しょうゆ | しょっぱい (salty) |
+
+## Sample Conversation
+
+**A**: このラーメン、どうですか？
+(How is this ramen?)
+
+**B**: すごくおいしいです！でも、ちょっとからいです。
+(It's very delicious! But it's a little spicy.)
+
+**A**: からいのが すきじゃないんですか？
+(Don't you like spicy things?)
+
+**B**: からいのは にがてです。
+(I'm not good with spicy things.)
+
+## Practice Exercises
+
+:::exercise{id="ja-food-02-taste-match" type="matching" title="Match Taste to Food" skill="word-production" objectiveId="obj-ja-food-02-taste"}
+
+**Question:** Match each food to its most common taste descriptor
+
+- チョコレート
+- わさび
+- レモン
+- コーヒー
+
+**Answer:**
+
+- チョコレート → あまい (sweet)
+- わさび → からい (spicy)
+- レモン → すっぱい (sour)
+- コーヒー → にがい (bitter)
+
+**Explanation:** Each taste adjective describes the dominant flavor of the food. These are the classic associations used in everyday Japanese conversation.
+
+:::
+
+:::exercise{id="ja-food-02-negation" type="fill-in-blank" title="Negating Adjectives" skill="pattern-application" objectiveId="obj-ja-food-02-adj-grammar"}
+
+**Question:** Change each adjective to its negative form:
+
+1. あまい → ___ (not sweet)
+2. からい → ___ (not spicy)
+3. おいしい → ___ (not delicious)
+
+**Answer:**
+
+1. あまい → **あまくない**
+2. からい → **からくない**
+3. おいしい → **おいしくない**
+
+**Explanation:** い-adjectives are negated by dropping い and adding くない. This is a regular pattern that applies to all い-adjectives.
+
+:::
+
+:::exercise{id="ja-food-02-like-dislike" type="multiple-choice" title="Expressing Preference" skill="situational-response" objectiveId="obj-ja-food-02-opinion"}
+
+**Question:** How do you say "I love sweet things" in Japanese?
+
+**Options:**
+- あまいのがきらいです
+- あまいのがだいすきです
+- あまいのがにがてです
+- あまいのがまずいです
+
+**Answer:** 2
+
+**Explanation:** だいすき means "love" (stronger than すき). あまいの means "sweet things/stuff." Together, あまいのがだいすきです means "I love sweet things."
+
+:::
+
+## What's Next
+
+In Lesson 3, you will learn how to order food at a Japanese restaurant — from reading menus to asking for the bill.