ibm_db 5.6.1-arm64-darwin-24

data/test/cases/dirty_test.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,959 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "cases/helper"
+require "models/topic"    # For booleans
+require "models/pirate"   # For timestamps
+require "models/parrot"
+require "models/person"   # For optimistic locking
+require "models/aircraft"
+require "models/numeric_data"
+
+class DirtyTest < ActiveRecord::TestCase
+  include InTimeZone
+
+  # Dummy to force column loads so query counts are clean.
+  def setup
+    Person.create first_name: "foo"
+  end
+
+  def teardown
+    Person.delete_by(first_name: "foo")
+  end
+
+  def test_attribute_changes
+    # New record - no changes.
+    pirate = Pirate.new
+    assert_equal false, pirate.catchphrase_changed?
+    assert_equal false, pirate.non_validated_parrot_id_changed?
+
+    # Change catchphrase.
+    pirate.catchphrase = "arrr"
+    assert_predicate pirate, :catchphrase_changed?
+    assert_nil pirate.catchphrase_was
+    assert_equal [nil, "arrr"], pirate.catchphrase_change
+
+    # Saved - no changes.
+    pirate.save!
+    assert_not_predicate pirate, :catchphrase_changed?
+    assert_nil pirate.catchphrase_change
+
+    # Same value - no changes.
+    pirate.catchphrase = "arrr"
+    assert_not_predicate pirate, :catchphrase_changed?
+    assert_nil pirate.catchphrase_change
+  end
+
+  def test_time_attributes_changes_with_time_zone
+    in_time_zone "Paris" do
+      target = Class.new(ActiveRecord::Base)
+      target.table_name = "pirates"
+
+      # New record - no changes.
+      pirate = target.new
+      assert_not_predicate pirate, :created_on_changed?
+      assert_nil pirate.created_on_change
+
+      # Saved - no changes.
+      pirate.catchphrase = "arrrr, time zone!!"
+      pirate.save!
+      assert_not_predicate pirate, :created_on_changed?
+      assert_nil pirate.created_on_change
+
+      # Change created_on.
+      old_created_on = pirate.created_on
+      pirate.created_on = Time.now - 1.day
+      assert_predicate pirate, :created_on_changed?
+      assert_kind_of ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone, pirate.created_on_was
+      assert_equal old_created_on, pirate.created_on_was
+      pirate.created_on = old_created_on
+      assert_not_predicate pirate, :created_on_changed?
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_setting_time_attributes_with_time_zone_field_to_itself_should_not_be_marked_as_a_change
+    in_time_zone "Paris" do
+      target = Class.new(ActiveRecord::Base)
+      target.table_name = "pirates"
+
+      pirate = target.create!
+      pirate.created_on = pirate.created_on
+      assert_not_predicate pirate, :created_on_changed?
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_time_attributes_changes_without_time_zone_by_skip
+    in_time_zone "Paris" do
+      target = Class.new(ActiveRecord::Base)
+      target.table_name = "pirates"
+
+      target.skip_time_zone_conversion_for_attributes = [:created_on]
+
+      # New record - no changes.
+      pirate = target.new
+      assert_not_predicate pirate, :created_on_changed?
+      assert_nil pirate.created_on_change
+
+      # Saved - no changes.
+      pirate.catchphrase = "arrrr, time zone!!"
+      pirate.save!
+      assert_not_predicate pirate, :created_on_changed?
+      assert_nil pirate.created_on_change
+
+      # Change created_on.
+      old_created_on = pirate.created_on
+      pirate.created_on = Time.now + 1.day
+      assert_predicate pirate, :created_on_changed?
+      # kind_of does not work because
+      # ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.name == 'Time'
+      assert_instance_of Time, pirate.created_on_was
+      assert_equal old_created_on, pirate.created_on_was
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_time_attributes_changes_without_time_zone
+    with_timezone_config aware_attributes: false do
+      target = Class.new(ActiveRecord::Base)
+      target.table_name = "pirates"
+
+      # New record - no changes.
+      pirate = target.new
+      assert_not_predicate pirate, :created_on_changed?
+      assert_nil pirate.created_on_change
+
+      # Saved - no changes.
+      pirate.catchphrase = "arrrr, time zone!!"
+      pirate.save!
+      assert_not_predicate pirate, :created_on_changed?
+      assert_nil pirate.created_on_change
+
+      # Change created_on.
+      old_created_on = pirate.created_on
+      pirate.created_on = Time.now + 1.day
+      assert_predicate pirate, :created_on_changed?
+      # kind_of does not work because
+      # ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.name == 'Time'
+      assert_instance_of Time, pirate.created_on_was
+      assert_equal old_created_on, pirate.created_on_was
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_aliased_attribute_changes
+    # the actual attribute here is name, title is an
+    # alias setup via alias_attribute
+    parrot = Parrot.new
+    assert_not_predicate parrot, :title_changed?
+    assert_nil parrot.title_change
+
+    parrot.name = "Sam"
+    assert_predicate parrot, :title_changed?
+    assert_nil parrot.title_was
+    assert_equal parrot.name_change, parrot.title_change
+  end
+
+  def test_restore_attribute!
+    pirate = Pirate.create!(catchphrase: "Yar!")
+    pirate.catchphrase = "Ahoy!"
+
+    assert_equal "Ahoy!", pirate.catchphrase
+    assert_equal ["Yar!", "Ahoy!"], pirate.catchphrase_change
+
+    pirate.restore_catchphrase!
+
+    assert_nil pirate.catchphrase_change
+    assert_equal "Yar!", pirate.catchphrase
+    assert_equal Hash.new, pirate.changes
+    assert_not_predicate pirate, :catchphrase_changed?
+  end
+
+  def test_clear_attribute_change
+    pirate = Pirate.create!(catchphrase: "Yar!")
+    pirate.catchphrase = "Ahoy!"
+
+    assert_equal "Ahoy!", pirate.catchphrase
+    assert_equal ["Yar!", "Ahoy!"], pirate.catchphrase_change
+
+    pirate.clear_catchphrase_change
+
+    assert_nil pirate.catchphrase_change
+    assert_equal "Ahoy!", pirate.catchphrase
+    assert_equal Hash.new, pirate.changes
+    assert_not_predicate pirate, :catchphrase_changed?
+  end
+
+  def test_nullable_number_not_marked_as_changed_if_new_value_is_blank
+    pirate = Pirate.new
+
+    ["", nil].each do |value|
+      pirate.parrot_id = value
+      assert_not_predicate pirate, :parrot_id_changed?
+      assert_nil pirate.parrot_id_change
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_nullable_decimal_not_marked_as_changed_if_new_value_is_blank
+    numeric_data = NumericData.new
+
+    ["", nil].each do |value|
+      numeric_data.bank_balance = value
+      assert_not_predicate numeric_data, :bank_balance_changed?
+      assert_nil numeric_data.bank_balance_change
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_nullable_float_not_marked_as_changed_if_new_value_is_blank
+    numeric_data = NumericData.new
+
+    ["", nil].each do |value|
+      numeric_data.temperature = value
+      assert_not_predicate numeric_data, :temperature_changed?
+      assert_nil numeric_data.temperature_change
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_nullable_datetime_not_marked_as_changed_if_new_value_is_blank
+    in_time_zone "Edinburgh" do
+      target = Class.new(ActiveRecord::Base)
+      target.table_name = "topics"
+
+      topic = target.create
+      assert_nil topic.written_on
+
+      ["", nil].each do |value|
+        topic.written_on = value
+        assert_nil topic.written_on
+        assert_not_predicate topic, :written_on_changed?
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_integer_zero_to_string_zero_not_marked_as_changed
+    pirate = Pirate.new
+    pirate.parrot_id = 0
+    pirate.catchphrase = "arrr"
+    assert pirate.save!
+
+    assert_not_predicate pirate, :changed?
+
+    pirate.parrot_id = "0"
+    assert_not_predicate pirate, :changed?
+  end
+
+  def test_integer_zero_to_integer_zero_not_marked_as_changed
+    pirate = Pirate.new
+    pirate.parrot_id = 0
+    pirate.catchphrase = "arrr"
+    assert pirate.save!
+
+    assert_not_predicate pirate, :changed?
+
+    pirate.parrot_id = 0
+    assert_not_predicate pirate, :changed?
+  end
+
+  def test_float_zero_to_string_zero_not_marked_as_changed
+    data = NumericData.new temperature: 0.0
+    data.save!
+
+    assert_not_predicate data, :changed?
+
+    data.temperature = "0"
+    assert_empty data.changes
+
+    data.temperature = "0.0"
+    assert_empty data.changes
+
+    data.temperature = "0.00"
+    assert_empty data.changes
+  end
+
+  def test_zero_to_blank_marked_as_changed
+    pirate = Pirate.new
+    pirate.catchphrase = "Yarrrr, me hearties"
+    pirate.parrot_id = 1
+    pirate.save
+
+    # check the change from 1 to ''
+    pirate = Pirate.find_by_catchphrase("Yarrrr, me hearties")
+    pirate.parrot_id = ""
+    assert_predicate pirate, :parrot_id_changed?
+    assert_equal([1, nil], pirate.parrot_id_change)
+    pirate.save
+
+    # check the change from nil to 0
+    pirate = Pirate.find_by_catchphrase("Yarrrr, me hearties")
+    pirate.parrot_id = 0
+    assert_predicate pirate, :parrot_id_changed?
+    assert_equal([nil, 0], pirate.parrot_id_change)
+    pirate.save
+
+    # check the change from 0 to ''
+    pirate = Pirate.find_by_catchphrase("Yarrrr, me hearties")
+    pirate.parrot_id = ""
+    assert_predicate pirate, :parrot_id_changed?
+    assert_equal([0, nil], pirate.parrot_id_change)
+  end
+
+  def test_object_should_be_changed_if_any_attribute_is_changed
+    pirate = Pirate.new
+    assert_not_predicate pirate, :changed?
+    assert_equal [], pirate.changed
+    assert_equal Hash.new, pirate.changes
+
+    pirate.catchphrase = "arrr"
+    assert_predicate pirate, :changed?
+    assert_nil pirate.catchphrase_was
+    assert_equal %w(catchphrase), pirate.changed
+    assert_equal({ "catchphrase" => [nil, "arrr"] }, pirate.changes)
+
+    pirate.save
+    assert_not_predicate pirate, :changed?
+    assert_equal [], pirate.changed
+    assert_equal Hash.new, pirate.changes
+  end
+
+  def test_attribute_will_change!
+    pirate = Pirate.create!(catchphrase: "arr")
+
+    assert_not_predicate pirate, :catchphrase_changed?
+    assert pirate.catchphrase_will_change!
+    assert_predicate pirate, :catchphrase_changed?
+    assert_equal ["arr", "arr"], pirate.catchphrase_change
+
+    pirate.catchphrase << " matey!"
+    assert_predicate pirate, :catchphrase_changed?
+    assert_equal ["arr", "arr matey!"], pirate.catchphrase_change
+  end
+
+  def test_virtual_attribute_will_change
+    parrot = Parrot.create!(name: "Ruby")
+    parrot.send(:attribute_will_change!, :cancel_save_from_callback)
+    assert_predicate parrot, :has_changes_to_save?
+  end
+
+  def test_association_assignment_changes_foreign_key
+    pirate = Pirate.create!(catchphrase: "jarl")
+    pirate.parrot = Parrot.create!(name: "Lorre")
+    assert_predicate pirate, :changed?
+    assert_equal %w(parrot_id), pirate.changed
+  end
+
+  def test_attribute_should_be_compared_with_type_cast
+    topic = Topic.new
+    assert_predicate topic, :approved?
+    assert_not_predicate topic, :approved_changed?
+
+    # Coming from web form.
+    params = { topic: { approved: 1 } }
+    # In the controller.
+    topic.attributes = params[:topic]
+    assert_predicate topic, :approved?
+    assert_not_predicate topic, :approved_changed?
+  end
+
+  def test_string_attribute_should_compare_with_typecast_symbol_after_update
+    pirate = Pirate.create!(catchphrase: :foo)
+    pirate.update_column :catchphrase, :foo
+    pirate.catchphrase
+    assert_not_predicate pirate, :catchphrase_changed?
+  end
+
+  def test_partial_update
+    pirate = Pirate.new(catchphrase: "foo")
+    old_updated_on = 1.hour.ago.beginning_of_day
+
+    with_partial_writes Pirate, false do
+      assert_queries(2) { 2.times { pirate.save! } }
+      Pirate.where(id: pirate.id).update_all(updated_on: old_updated_on)
+    end
+
+    with_partial_writes Pirate, true do
+      assert_no_queries { 2.times { pirate.save! } }
+      assert_equal old_updated_on, pirate.reload.updated_on
+
+      assert_queries(1) { pirate.catchphrase = "bar"; pirate.save! }
+      assert_not_equal old_updated_on, pirate.reload.updated_on
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_partial_update_with_optimistic_locking
+    person = Person.new(first_name: "foo")
+
+    with_partial_writes Person, false do
+      assert_queries(2) { 2.times { person.save! } }
+      Person.where(id: person.id).update_all(first_name: "baz")
+    end
+
+    old_lock_version = person.lock_version + 1
+
+    with_partial_writes Person, true do
+      assert_no_queries { 2.times { person.save! } }
+      assert_equal old_lock_version, person.reload.lock_version
+
+      assert_queries(1) { person.first_name = "bar"; person.save! }
+      assert_not_equal old_lock_version, person.reload.lock_version
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_changed_attributes_should_be_preserved_if_save_failure
+    pirate = Pirate.new
+    pirate.parrot_id = 1
+    assert_not pirate.save
+    check_pirate_after_save_failure(pirate)
+
+    pirate = Pirate.new
+    pirate.parrot_id = 1
+    assert_raise(ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid) { pirate.save! }
+    check_pirate_after_save_failure(pirate)
+  end
+
+  def test_reload_should_clear_changed_attributes
+    pirate = Pirate.create!(catchphrase: "shiver me timbers")
+    pirate.catchphrase = "*hic*"
+    assert_predicate pirate, :changed?
+    pirate.reload
+    assert_not_predicate pirate, :changed?
+  end
+
+  def test_dup_objects_should_not_copy_dirty_flag_from_creator
+    pirate = Pirate.create!(catchphrase: "shiver me timbers")
+    pirate_dup = pirate.dup
+    pirate_dup.restore_catchphrase!
+    pirate.catchphrase = "I love Rum"
+    assert_predicate pirate, :catchphrase_changed?
+    assert_not_predicate pirate_dup, :catchphrase_changed?
+  end
+
+  def test_reverted_changes_are_not_dirty
+    phrase = "shiver me timbers"
+    pirate = Pirate.create!(catchphrase: phrase)
+    pirate.catchphrase = "*hic*"
+    assert_predicate pirate, :changed?
+    pirate.catchphrase = phrase
+    assert_not_predicate pirate, :changed?
+  end
+
+  def test_reverted_changes_are_not_dirty_after_multiple_changes
+    phrase = "shiver me timbers"
+    pirate = Pirate.create!(catchphrase: phrase)
+    10.times do |i|
+      pirate.catchphrase = "*hic*" * i
+      assert_predicate pirate, :changed?
+    end
+    assert_predicate pirate, :changed?
+    pirate.catchphrase = phrase
+    assert_not_predicate pirate, :changed?
+  end
+
+  def test_reverted_changes_are_not_dirty_going_from_nil_to_value_and_back
+    pirate = Pirate.create!(catchphrase: "Yar!")
+
+    pirate.parrot_id = 1
+    assert_predicate pirate, :changed?
+    assert_predicate pirate, :parrot_id_changed?
+    assert_not_predicate pirate, :catchphrase_changed?
+
+    pirate.parrot_id = nil
+    assert_not_predicate pirate, :changed?
+    assert_not_predicate pirate, :parrot_id_changed?
+    assert_not_predicate pirate, :catchphrase_changed?
+  end
+
+  def test_save_should_store_serialized_attributes_even_with_partial_writes
+    with_partial_writes(Topic) do
+      topic = Topic.create!(content: { a: "a" })
+
+      assert_not_predicate topic, :changed?
+
+      topic.content[:b] = "b"
+
+      assert_predicate topic, :changed?
+
+      topic.save!
+
+      assert_not_predicate topic, :changed?
+      assert_equal "b", topic.content[:b]
+
+      topic.reload
+
+      assert_equal "b", topic.content[:b]
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_save_always_should_update_timestamps_when_serialized_attributes_are_present
+    with_partial_writes(Topic) do
+      topic = Topic.create!(content: { a: "a" })
+      topic.save!
+
+      updated_at = topic.updated_at
+      travel(1.second) do
+        topic.content[:hello] = "world"
+        topic.save!
+      end
+
+      assert_not_equal updated_at, topic.updated_at
+      assert_equal "world", topic.content[:hello]
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_save_should_not_save_serialized_attribute_with_partial_writes_if_not_present
+    with_partial_writes(Topic) do
+      topic = Topic.create!(author_name: "Bill", content: { a: "a" })
+      topic = Topic.select("id, author_name").find(topic.id)
+      topic.update_columns author_name: "John"
+      assert_not_nil topic.reload.content
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_changes_to_save_should_not_mutate_array_of_hashes
+    topic = Topic.new(author_name: "Bill", content: [{ a: "a" }])
+
+    topic.changes_to_save
+
+    assert_equal [{ a: "a" }], topic.content
+  end
+
+  def test_previous_changes
+    # original values should be in previous_changes
+    pirate = Pirate.new
+
+    assert_equal Hash.new, pirate.previous_changes
+    pirate.catchphrase = "arrr"
+    pirate.save!
+
+    assert_equal 4, pirate.previous_changes.size
+    assert_equal [nil, "arrr"], pirate.previous_changes["catchphrase"]
+    assert_nil pirate.catchphrase_previously_was
+    assert_equal [nil, pirate.id], pirate.previous_changes["id"]
+    assert_nil pirate.previous_changes["updated_on"][0]
+    assert_not_nil pirate.previous_changes["updated_on"][1]
+    assert_nil pirate.previous_changes["created_on"][0]
+    assert_not_nil pirate.previous_changes["created_on"][1]
+    assert_not pirate.previous_changes.key?("parrot_id")
+
+    # original values should be in previous_changes
+    pirate = Pirate.new
+
+    assert_equal Hash.new, pirate.previous_changes
+    pirate.catchphrase = "arrr"
+    pirate.save
+
+    assert_equal 4, pirate.previous_changes.size
+    assert_equal [nil, "arrr"], pirate.previous_changes["catchphrase"]
+    assert_nil pirate.catchphrase_previously_was
+    assert_equal [nil, pirate.id], pirate.previous_changes["id"]
+    assert_includes pirate.previous_changes, "updated_on"
+    assert_includes pirate.previous_changes, "created_on"
+    assert_not pirate.previous_changes.key?("parrot_id")
+
+    pirate.catchphrase = "Yar!!"
+    pirate.reload
+    assert_equal Hash.new, pirate.previous_changes
+
+    pirate = Pirate.find_by_catchphrase("arrr")
+
+    travel(1.second)
+
+    pirate.catchphrase = "Me Maties!"
+    pirate.save!
+
+    assert_equal 2, pirate.previous_changes.size
+    assert_equal ["arrr", "Me Maties!"], pirate.previous_changes["catchphrase"]
+    assert_equal "arrr", pirate.catchphrase_previously_was
+    assert_not_nil pirate.previous_changes["updated_on"][0]
+    assert_not_nil pirate.previous_changes["updated_on"][1]
+    assert_not pirate.previous_changes.key?("parrot_id")
+    assert_not pirate.previous_changes.key?("created_on")
+
+    pirate = Pirate.find_by_catchphrase("Me Maties!")
+
+    travel(1.second)
+
+    pirate.catchphrase = "Thar She Blows!"
+    pirate.save
+
+    assert_equal 2, pirate.previous_changes.size
+    assert_equal ["Me Maties!", "Thar She Blows!"], pirate.previous_changes["catchphrase"]
+    assert_equal "Me Maties!", pirate.catchphrase_previously_was
+    assert_not_nil pirate.previous_changes["updated_on"][0]
+    assert_not_nil pirate.previous_changes["updated_on"][1]
+    assert_not pirate.previous_changes.key?("parrot_id")
+    assert_not pirate.previous_changes.key?("created_on")
+
+    travel(1.second)
+
+    pirate = Pirate.find_by_catchphrase("Thar She Blows!")
+    pirate.update(catchphrase: "Ahoy!")
+
+    assert_equal 2, pirate.previous_changes.size
+    assert_equal ["Thar She Blows!", "Ahoy!"], pirate.previous_changes["catchphrase"]
+    assert_equal "Thar She Blows!", pirate.catchphrase_previously_was
+    assert_not_nil pirate.previous_changes["updated_on"][0]
+    assert_not_nil pirate.previous_changes["updated_on"][1]
+    assert_not pirate.previous_changes.key?("parrot_id")
+    assert_not pirate.previous_changes.key?("created_on")
+
+    travel(1.second)
+
+    pirate = Pirate.find_by_catchphrase("Ahoy!")
+    pirate.update_attribute(:catchphrase, "Ninjas suck!")
+
+    assert_equal 2, pirate.previous_changes.size
+    assert_equal ["Ahoy!", "Ninjas suck!"], pirate.previous_changes["catchphrase"]
+    assert_equal "Ahoy!", pirate.catchphrase_previously_was
+    assert_not_nil pirate.previous_changes["updated_on"][0]
+    assert_not_nil pirate.previous_changes["updated_on"][1]
+    assert_not pirate.previous_changes.key?("parrot_id")
+    assert_not pirate.previous_changes.key?("created_on")
+  end
+
+  class Testings < ActiveRecord::Base; end
+  def test_field_named_field
+    ActiveRecord::Base.connection.create_table :testings do |t|
+      t.string :field
+    end
+    assert_nothing_raised do
+      Testings.new.attributes
+    end
+  ensure
+    ActiveRecord::Base.connection.drop_table :testings rescue nil
+    ActiveRecord::Base.clear_cache!
+  end
+
+  def test_datetime_attribute_can_be_updated_with_fractional_seconds
+    skip "Fractional seconds are not supported" unless supports_datetime_with_precision?
+    in_time_zone "Paris" do
+      target = Class.new(ActiveRecord::Base)
+      target.table_name = "topics"
+
+      written_on = Time.utc(2012, 12, 1, 12, 0, 0).in_time_zone("Paris")
+
+      topic = target.create(written_on: written_on)
+      topic.written_on += 0.3
+
+      assert topic.written_on_changed?, "Fractional second update not detected"
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_datetime_attribute_doesnt_change_if_zone_is_modified_in_string
+    time_in_paris = Time.utc(2014, 1, 1, 12, 0, 0).in_time_zone("Paris")
+    pirate = Pirate.create!(catchphrase: "rrrr", created_on: time_in_paris)
+
+    pirate.created_on = pirate.created_on.in_time_zone("Tokyo").to_s
+    assert_not_predicate pirate, :created_on_changed?
+  end
+
+  test "partial insert" do
+    with_partial_writes Person do
+      jon = nil
+      assert_sql(/first_name/i) do
+        jon = Person.create! first_name: "Jon"
+      end
+
+      assert ActiveRecord::SQLCounter.log_all.none? { |sql| sql.include?("followers_count") }
+
+      jon.reload
+      assert_equal "Jon", jon.first_name
+      assert_equal 0, jon.followers_count
+      assert_not_nil jon.id
+    end
+  end
+
+  test "partial insert with empty values" do
+    with_partial_writes Aircraft do
+      a = Aircraft.create!
+      a.reload
+      assert_not_nil a.id
+    end
+  end
+
+  test "in place mutation detection" do
+    pirate = Pirate.create!(catchphrase: "arrrr")
+    pirate.catchphrase << " matey!"
+
+    assert_predicate pirate, :catchphrase_changed?
+    expected_changes = {
+      "catchphrase" => ["arrrr", "arrrr matey!"]
+    }
+    assert_equal(expected_changes, pirate.changes)
+    assert_equal("arrrr", pirate.catchphrase_was)
+    assert pirate.catchphrase_changed?(from: "arrrr")
+    assert_not pirate.catchphrase_changed?(from: "anything else")
+    assert_includes pirate.changed_attributes, :catchphrase
+
+    pirate.save!
+    pirate.reload
+
+    assert_equal "arrrr matey!", pirate.catchphrase
+    assert_not_predicate pirate, :changed?
+  end
+
+  test "in place mutation for binary" do
+    klass = Class.new(ActiveRecord::Base) do
+      self.table_name = :binaries
+      serialize :data
+    end
+
+    binary = klass.create!(data: "\\\\foo")
+
+    assert_not_predicate binary, :changed?
+
+    binary.data = binary.data.dup
+
+    assert_not_predicate binary, :changed?
+
+    binary = klass.last
+
+    assert_not_predicate binary, :changed?
+
+    binary.data << "bar"
+
+    assert_predicate binary, :changed?
+  end
+
+  test "changes is correct for subclass" do
+    foo = Class.new(Pirate) do
+      def catchphrase
+        super.upcase
+      end
+    end
+
+    pirate = foo.create!(catchphrase: "arrrr")
+
+    new_catchphrase = "arrrr matey!"
+
+    pirate.catchphrase = new_catchphrase
+    assert_predicate pirate, :catchphrase_changed?
+
+    expected_changes = {
+      "catchphrase" => ["arrrr", new_catchphrase]
+    }
+
+    assert_equal new_catchphrase.upcase, pirate.catchphrase
+    assert_equal expected_changes, pirate.changes
+  end
+
+  test "changes is correct if override attribute reader" do
+    pirate = Pirate.create!(catchphrase: "arrrr")
+    def pirate.catchphrase
+      super.upcase
+    end
+
+    new_catchphrase = "arrrr matey!"
+
+    pirate.catchphrase = new_catchphrase
+    assert_predicate pirate, :catchphrase_changed?
+
+    expected_changes = {
+      "catchphrase" => ["arrrr", new_catchphrase]
+    }
+
+    assert_equal new_catchphrase.upcase, pirate.catchphrase
+    assert_equal expected_changes, pirate.changes
+  end
+
+  test "attribute_changed? doesn't compute in-place changes for unrelated attributes" do
+    test_type_class = Class.new(ActiveRecord::Type::Value) do
+      define_method(:changed_in_place?) do |*|
+        raise
+      end
+    end
+    klass = Class.new(ActiveRecord::Base) do
+      self.table_name = "people"
+      attribute :foo, test_type_class.new
+    end
+
+    model = klass.new(first_name: "Jim")
+    assert_predicate model, :first_name_changed?
+  end
+
+  test "attribute_will_change! doesn't try to save non-persistable attributes" do
+    klass = Class.new(ActiveRecord::Base) do
+      self.table_name = "people"
+      attribute :non_persisted_attribute, :string
+    end
+
+    record = klass.new(first_name: "Sean")
+    record.non_persisted_attribute_will_change!
+
+    assert_predicate record, :non_persisted_attribute_changed?
+    assert record.save
+  end
+
+  test "virtual attributes are not written with partial_writes off" do
+    with_partial_writes(ActiveRecord::Base, false) do
+      klass = Class.new(ActiveRecord::Base) do
+        self.table_name = "people"
+        attribute :non_persisted_attribute, :string
+      end
+
+      record = klass.new(first_name: "Sean")
+      record.non_persisted_attribute_will_change!
+
+      assert record.save
+
+      record.non_persisted_attribute_will_change!
+
+      assert record.save
+    end
+  end
+
+  test "mutating and then assigning doesn't remove the change" do
+    pirate = Pirate.create!(catchphrase: "arrrr")
+    pirate.catchphrase << " matey!"
+    pirate.catchphrase = "arrrr matey!"
+
+    assert pirate.catchphrase_changed?(from: "arrrr", to: "arrrr matey!")
+  end
+
+  test "getters with side effects are allowed" do
+    klass = Class.new(Pirate) do
+      def catchphrase
+        if super.blank?
+          update_attribute(:catchphrase, "arr") # what could possibly go wrong?
+        end
+        super
+      end
+    end
+
+    pirate = klass.create!(catchphrase: "lol")
+    pirate.update_attribute(:catchphrase, nil)
+
+    assert_equal "arr", pirate.catchphrase
+  end
+
+  test "attributes assigned but not selected are dirty" do
+    person = Person.select(:id).first
+    assert_not_predicate person, :changed?
+
+    person.first_name = "Sean"
+    assert_predicate person, :changed?
+
+    person.first_name = nil
+    assert_predicate person, :changed?
+  end
+
+  test "attributes not selected are still missing after save" do
+    person = Person.select(:id).first
+    assert_raises(ActiveModel::MissingAttributeError) { person.first_name }
+    assert person.save # calls forget_attribute_assignments
+    assert_raises(ActiveModel::MissingAttributeError) { person.first_name }
+  end
+
+  test "saved_change_to_attribute? returns whether a change occurred in the last save" do
+    person = Person.create!(first_name: "Sean")
+
+    assert_predicate person, :saved_change_to_first_name?
+    assert_not_predicate person, :saved_change_to_gender?
+    assert person.saved_change_to_first_name?(from: nil, to: "Sean")
+    assert person.saved_change_to_first_name?(from: nil)
+    assert person.saved_change_to_first_name?(to: "Sean")
+    assert_not person.saved_change_to_first_name?(from: "Jim", to: "Sean")
+    assert_not person.saved_change_to_first_name?(from: "Jim")
+    assert_not person.saved_change_to_first_name?(to: "Jim")
+  end
+
+  test "saved_change_to_attribute returns the change that occurred in the last save" do
+    person = Person.create!(first_name: "Sean", gender: "M")
+
+    assert_equal [nil, "Sean"], person.saved_change_to_first_name
+    assert_equal [nil, "M"], person.saved_change_to_gender
+
+    person.update(first_name: "Jim")
+
+    assert_equal ["Sean", "Jim"], person.saved_change_to_first_name
+    assert_nil person.saved_change_to_gender
+  end
+
+  test "attribute_before_last_save returns the original value before saving" do
+    person = Person.create!(first_name: "Sean", gender: "M")
+
+    assert_nil person.first_name_before_last_save
+    assert_nil person.gender_before_last_save
+
+    person.first_name = "Jim"
+
+    assert_nil person.first_name_before_last_save
+    assert_nil person.gender_before_last_save
+
+    person.save
+
+    assert_equal "Sean", person.first_name_before_last_save
+    assert_equal "M", person.gender_before_last_save
+  end
+
+  test "saved_changes? returns whether the last call to save changed anything" do
+    person = Person.create!(first_name: "Sean")
+
+    assert_predicate person, :saved_changes?
+
+    person.save
+
+    assert_not_predicate person, :saved_changes?
+  end
+
+  test "saved_changes returns a hash of all the changes that occurred" do
+    person = Person.create!(first_name: "Sean", gender: "M")
+
+    assert_equal [nil, "Sean"], person.saved_changes[:first_name]
+    assert_equal [nil, "M"], person.saved_changes[:gender]
+    assert_equal %w(id first_name gender created_at updated_at).sort, person.saved_changes.keys.sort
+
+    travel(1.second) do
+      person.update(first_name: "Jim")
+    end
+
+    assert_equal ["Sean", "Jim"], person.saved_changes[:first_name]
+    assert_equal %w(first_name lock_version updated_at).sort, person.saved_changes.keys.sort
+  end
+
+  test "changed? in after callbacks returns false" do
+    klass = Class.new(ActiveRecord::Base) do
+      self.table_name = "people"
+
+      after_save do
+        raise "changed? should be false" if changed?
+        raise "has_changes_to_save? should be false" if has_changes_to_save?
+        raise "saved_changes? should be true" unless saved_changes?
+        raise "id_in_database should not be nil" if id_in_database.nil?
+      end
+    end
+
+    person = klass.create!(first_name: "Sean")
+    assert_not_predicate person, :changed?
+  end
+
+  test "changed? in around callbacks after yield returns false" do
+    klass = Class.new(ActiveRecord::Base) do
+      self.table_name = "people"
+
+      around_create :check_around
+
+      def check_around
+        yield
+        raise "changed? should be false" if changed?
+        raise "has_changes_to_save? should be false" if has_changes_to_save?
+        raise "saved_changes? should be true" unless saved_changes?
+        raise "id_in_database should not be nil" if id_in_database.nil?
+      end
+    end
+
+    person = klass.create!(first_name: "Sean")
+    assert_not_predicate person, :changed?
+  end
+
+  private
+    def with_partial_writes(klass, on = true)
+      old = klass.partial_writes?
+      klass.partial_writes = on
+      yield
+    ensure
+      klass.partial_writes = old
+    end
+
+    def check_pirate_after_save_failure(pirate)
+      assert_predicate pirate, :changed?
+      assert_predicate pirate, :parrot_id_changed?
+      assert_equal %w(parrot_id), pirate.changed
+      assert_nil pirate.parrot_id_was
+    end
+end