ibm_db 5.6.1-arm64-darwin-24

data/test/cases/associations/eager_test.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,1658 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "cases/helper"
+require "models/post"
+require "models/tagging"
+require "models/tag"
+require "models/rating"
+require "models/comment"
+require "models/author"
+require "models/essay"
+require "models/category"
+require "models/company"
+require "models/person"
+require "models/reader"
+require "models/owner"
+require "models/pet"
+require "models/reference"
+require "models/job"
+require "models/subscriber"
+require "models/subscription"
+require "models/book"
+require "models/citation"
+require "models/developer"
+require "models/computer"
+require "models/project"
+require "models/member"
+require "models/membership"
+require "models/club"
+require "models/categorization"
+require "models/sponsor"
+require "models/mentor"
+require "models/contract"
+
+class EagerLoadingTooManyIdsTest < ActiveRecord::TestCase
+  fixtures :citations
+
+  def test_preloading_too_many_ids
+    assert_equal Citation.count, Citation.preload(:reference_of).to_a.size
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_loading_too_many_ids
+    assert_equal Citation.count, Citation.eager_load(:citations).offset(0).size
+  end
+end
+
+class EagerAssociationTest < ActiveRecord::TestCase
+  fixtures :posts, :comments, :authors, :essays, :author_addresses, :categories, :categories_posts,
+            :companies, :accounts, :tags, :taggings, :ratings, :people, :readers, :categorizations,
+            :owners, :pets, :author_favorites, :jobs, :references, :subscribers, :subscriptions, :books,
+            :developers, :projects, :developers_projects, :members, :memberships, :clubs, :sponsors
+
+  def test_eager_with_has_one_through_join_model_with_conditions_on_the_through
+    member = Member.all.merge!(includes: :favourite_club).find(members(:some_other_guy).id)
+    assert_nil member.favourite_club
+  end
+
+  def test_should_work_inverse_of_with_eager_load
+    author = authors(:david)
+    assert_same author, author.posts.first.author
+    assert_same author, author.posts.eager_load(:comments).first.author
+  end
+
+  def test_loading_with_one_association
+    posts = Post.all.merge!(includes: :comments).to_a
+    post = posts.find { |p| p.id == 1 }
+    assert_equal 2, post.comments.size
+    assert_includes post.comments, comments(:greetings)
+
+    post = Post.all.merge!(includes: :comments, where: "posts.title = 'Welcome to the weblog'").first
+    assert_equal 2, post.comments.size
+    assert_includes post.comments, comments(:greetings)
+
+    posts = Post.all.merge!(includes: :last_comment).to_a
+    post = posts.find { |p| p.id == 1 }
+    assert_equal Post.find(1).last_comment, post.last_comment
+  end
+
+  def test_loading_with_one_association_with_non_preload
+    posts = Post.all.merge!(includes: :last_comment, order: "comments.id DESC").to_a
+    post = posts.find { |p| p.id == 1 }
+    assert_equal Post.find(1).last_comment, post.last_comment
+  end
+
+  def test_loading_conditions_with_or
+    posts = authors(:david).posts.references(:comments).merge(
+      includes: :comments,
+      where: "comments.body like 'Normal%' OR comments.#{QUOTED_TYPE} = 'SpecialComment'"
+    ).to_a
+    assert_nil posts.detect { |p| p.author_id != authors(:david).id },
+      "expected to find only david's posts"
+  end
+
+  def test_loading_polymorphic_association_with_mixed_table_conditions
+    rating = Rating.first
+    assert_equal [taggings(:normal_comment_rating)], rating.taggings_without_tag
+
+    rating = Rating.preload(:taggings_without_tag).first
+    assert_equal [taggings(:normal_comment_rating)], rating.taggings_without_tag
+
+    rating = Rating.eager_load(:taggings_without_tag).first
+    assert_equal [taggings(:normal_comment_rating)], rating.taggings_without_tag
+  end
+
+  def test_loading_association_with_string_joins
+    rating = Rating.first
+    assert_equal [taggings(:normal_comment_rating)], rating.taggings_with_no_tag
+
+    rating = Rating.preload(:taggings_with_no_tag).first
+    assert_equal [taggings(:normal_comment_rating)], rating.taggings_with_no_tag
+
+    rating = Rating.eager_load(:taggings_with_no_tag).first
+    assert_equal [taggings(:normal_comment_rating)], rating.taggings_with_no_tag
+  end
+
+  def test_loading_with_scope_including_joins
+    member = Member.first
+    assert_equal members(:groucho), member
+    assert_equal clubs(:boring_club), member.general_club
+
+    member = Member.preload(:general_club).first
+    assert_equal members(:groucho), member
+    assert_equal clubs(:boring_club), member.general_club
+
+    member = Member.eager_load(:general_club).first
+    assert_equal members(:groucho), member
+    assert_equal clubs(:boring_club), member.general_club
+  end
+
+  def test_loading_association_with_same_table_joins
+    super_memberships = [memberships(:super_membership_of_boring_club)]
+
+    member = Member.joins(:favourite_memberships).first
+    assert_equal members(:groucho), member
+    assert_equal super_memberships, member.super_memberships
+
+    member = Member.joins(:favourite_memberships).preload(:super_memberships).first
+    assert_equal members(:groucho), member
+    assert_equal super_memberships, member.super_memberships
+
+    member = Member.joins(:favourite_memberships).eager_load(:super_memberships).first
+    assert_equal members(:groucho), member
+    assert_equal super_memberships, member.super_memberships
+  end
+
+  def test_loading_association_with_intersection_joins
+    member = Member.joins(:current_membership).first
+    assert_equal members(:groucho), member
+    assert_equal clubs(:boring_club), member.club
+    assert_equal memberships(:membership_of_boring_club), member.current_membership
+
+    member = Member.joins(:current_membership).preload(:club, :current_membership).first
+    assert_equal members(:groucho), member
+    assert_equal clubs(:boring_club), member.club
+    assert_equal memberships(:membership_of_boring_club), member.current_membership
+
+    member = Member.joins(:current_membership).eager_load(:club, :current_membership).first
+    assert_equal members(:groucho), member
+    assert_equal clubs(:boring_club), member.club
+    assert_equal memberships(:membership_of_boring_club), member.current_membership
+  end
+
+  def test_loading_associations_dont_leak_instance_state
+    assertions = ->(firm) {
+      assert_equal companies(:first_firm), firm
+
+      assert_predicate firm.association(:readonly_account), :loaded?
+      assert_predicate firm.association(:accounts), :loaded?
+
+      assert_equal accounts(:signals37), firm.readonly_account
+      assert_equal [accounts(:signals37)], firm.accounts
+
+      assert_predicate firm.readonly_account, :readonly?
+      assert firm.accounts.none?(&:readonly?)
+    }
+
+    assertions.call(Firm.preload(:readonly_account, :accounts).first)
+    assertions.call(Firm.eager_load(:readonly_account, :accounts).first)
+  end
+
+  def test_with_ordering
+    list = Post.all.merge!(includes: :comments, order: "posts.id DESC").to_a
+    [:other_by_mary, :other_by_bob, :misc_by_mary, :misc_by_bob, :eager_other,
+     :sti_habtm, :sti_post_and_comments, :sti_comments, :authorless, :thinking, :welcome
+    ].each_with_index do |post, index|
+      assert_equal posts(post), list[index]
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_has_many_through_with_order
+    authors = Author.includes(:favorite_authors).to_a
+    assert authors.count > 0
+    assert_no_queries { authors.map(&:favorite_authors) }
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_loaded_has_one_association_with_references_does_not_run_additional_queries
+    Post.update_all(author_id: nil)
+    authors = Author.includes(:post).references(:post).to_a
+    assert authors.count > 0
+    assert_no_queries { authors.map(&:post) }
+  end
+
+  def test_type_cast_in_where_references_association_name
+    parent = comments(:greetings)
+    child = parent.children.create!(label: "child", body: "hi", post_id: parent.post_id)
+
+    comment = Comment.includes(:children).where("children.label": "child").last
+
+    assert_equal parent, comment
+    assert_equal [child], comment.children
+  end
+
+  def test_attribute_alias_in_where_references_association_name
+    firm = Firm.includes(:clients).where("clients.new_name": "Summit").last
+    assert_equal companies(:first_firm), firm
+    assert_equal [companies(:first_client)], firm.clients
+  end
+
+  def test_calculate_with_string_in_from_and_eager_loading
+    assert_equal 10, Post.from("authors, posts").eager_load(:comments).where("posts.author_id = authors.id").count
+  end
+
+  def test_with_two_tables_in_from_without_getting_double_quoted
+    posts = Post.select("posts.*").from("authors, posts").eager_load(:comments).where("posts.author_id = authors.id").order("posts.id").to_a
+    assert_equal 2, posts.first.comments.size
+  end
+
+  def test_loading_with_multiple_associations
+    posts = Post.all.merge!(includes: [ :comments, :author, :categories ], order: "posts.id").to_a
+    assert_equal 2, posts.first.comments.size
+    assert_equal 2, posts.first.categories.size
+    assert_includes posts.first.comments, comments(:greetings)
+  end
+
+  def test_duplicate_middle_objects
+    comments = Comment.all.merge!(where: "post_id = 1", includes: [post: :author]).to_a
+    assert_no_queries do
+      comments.each { |comment| comment.post.author.name }
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_including_duplicate_objects_from_belongs_to
+    popular_post = Post.create!(title: "foo", body: "I like cars!")
+    comment = popular_post.comments.create!(body: "lol")
+    popular_post.readers.create!(person: people(:michael))
+    popular_post.readers.create!(person: people(:david))
+
+    readers = Reader.all.merge!(where: ["post_id = ?", popular_post.id],
+                                includes: { post: :comments }).to_a
+    readers.each do |reader|
+      assert_equal [comment], reader.post.comments
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_including_duplicate_objects_from_has_many
+    car_post = Post.create!(title: "foo", body: "I like cars!")
+    car_post.categories << categories(:general)
+    car_post.categories << categories(:technology)
+
+    comment = car_post.comments.create!(body: "hmm")
+    categories = Category.all.merge!(where: { "posts.id" => car_post.id },
+                                 includes: { posts: :comments }).to_a
+    categories.each do |category|
+      assert_equal [comment], category.posts[0].comments
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_associations_loaded_for_all_records
+    post = Post.create!(title: "foo", body: "I like cars!")
+    SpecialComment.create!(body: "Come on!", post: post)
+    first_category = Category.create! name: "First!", posts: [post]
+    second_category = Category.create! name: "Second!", posts: [post]
+
+    categories = Category.where(id: [first_category.id, second_category.id]).includes(posts: :special_comments)
+    assert_equal categories.map { |category| category.posts.first.special_comments.loaded? }, [true, true]
+  end
+
+  def test_finding_with_includes_on_has_many_association_with_same_include_includes_only_once
+    author_id = authors(:david).id
+    author = assert_queries(3) { Author.all.merge!(includes: { posts_with_comments: :comments }).find(author_id) } # find the author, then find the posts, then find the comments
+    author.posts_with_comments.each do |post_with_comments|
+      assert_equal post_with_comments.comments.length, post_with_comments.comments.count
+      assert_nil post_with_comments.comments.to_a.uniq!
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_finding_with_includes_on_has_one_association_with_same_include_includes_only_once
+    author = authors(:david)
+    post = author.post_about_thinking_with_last_comment
+    last_comment = post.last_comment
+    author = assert_queries(3) { Author.all.merge!(includes: { post_about_thinking_with_last_comment: :last_comment }).find(author.id) } # find the author, then find the posts, then find the comments
+    assert_no_queries do
+      assert_equal post, author.post_about_thinking_with_last_comment
+      assert_equal last_comment, author.post_about_thinking_with_last_comment.last_comment
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_finding_with_includes_on_belongs_to_association_with_same_include_includes_only_once
+    post = posts(:welcome)
+    author = post.author
+    author_address = author.author_address
+    post = assert_queries(3) { Post.all.merge!(includes: { author_with_address: :author_address }).find(post.id) } # find the post, then find the author, then find the address
+    assert_no_queries do
+      assert_equal author, post.author_with_address
+      assert_equal author_address, post.author_with_address.author_address
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_finding_with_includes_on_null_belongs_to_association_with_same_include_includes_only_once
+    post = posts(:welcome)
+    post.update!(author: nil)
+    post = assert_queries(1) { Post.all.merge!(includes: { author_with_address: :author_address }).find(post.id) }
+    # find the post, then find the author which is null so no query for the author or address
+    assert_no_queries do
+      assert_nil post.author_with_address
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_finding_with_includes_on_null_belongs_to_polymorphic_association
+    sponsor = sponsors(:moustache_club_sponsor_for_groucho)
+    sponsor.update!(sponsorable: nil)
+    sponsor = assert_queries(1) { Sponsor.all.merge!(includes: :sponsorable).find(sponsor.id) }
+    assert_no_queries do
+      assert_nil sponsor.sponsorable
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_finding_with_includes_on_empty_polymorphic_type_column
+    sponsor = sponsors(:moustache_club_sponsor_for_groucho)
+    sponsor.update!(sponsorable_type: "", sponsorable_id: nil) # sponsorable_type column might be declared NOT NULL
+    sponsor = assert_queries(1) do
+      assert_nothing_raised { Sponsor.all.merge!(includes: :sponsorable).find(sponsor.id) }
+    end
+    assert_no_queries do
+      assert_nil sponsor.sponsorable
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_loading_from_an_association
+    posts = authors(:david).posts.merge(includes: :comments, order: "posts.id").to_a
+    assert_equal 2, posts.first.comments.size
+  end
+
+  def test_loading_from_an_association_that_has_a_hash_of_conditions
+    assert_not_empty Author.all.merge!(includes: :hello_posts_with_hash_conditions).find(authors(:david).id).hello_posts
+  end
+
+  def test_loading_with_no_associations
+    assert_nil Post.all.merge!(includes: :author).find(posts(:authorless).id).author
+  end
+
+  # Regression test for 21c75e5
+  def test_nested_loading_does_not_raise_exception_when_association_does_not_exist
+    assert_nothing_raised do
+      Post.all.merge!(includes: { author: :author_addresss }).find(posts(:authorless).id)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_three_level_nested_preloading_does_not_raise_exception_when_association_does_not_exist
+    post_id = Comment.where(author_id: nil).where.not(post_id: nil).first.post_id
+
+    assert_nothing_raised do
+      Post.preload(comments: [{ author: :essays }]).find(post_id)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_nested_loading_through_has_one_association
+    aa = AuthorAddress.all.merge!(includes: { author: :posts }).find(author_addresses(:david_address).id)
+    assert_equal aa.author.posts.count, aa.author.posts.length
+  end
+
+  def test_nested_loading_through_has_one_association_with_order
+    aa = AuthorAddress.all.merge!(includes: { author: :posts }, order: "author_addresses.id").find(author_addresses(:david_address).id)
+    assert_equal aa.author.posts.count, aa.author.posts.length
+  end
+
+  def test_nested_loading_through_has_one_association_with_order_on_association
+    aa = AuthorAddress.all.merge!(includes: { author: :posts }, order: "authors.id").find(author_addresses(:david_address).id)
+    assert_equal aa.author.posts.count, aa.author.posts.length
+  end
+
+  def test_nested_loading_through_has_one_association_with_order_on_nested_association
+    aa = AuthorAddress.all.merge!(includes: { author: :posts }, order: "posts.id").find(author_addresses(:david_address).id)
+    assert_equal aa.author.posts.count, aa.author.posts.length
+  end
+
+  def test_nested_loading_through_has_one_association_with_conditions
+    aa = AuthorAddress.references(:author_addresses).merge(
+      includes: { author: :posts },
+      where: "author_addresses.id > 0"
+    ).find author_addresses(:david_address).id
+    assert_equal aa.author.posts.count, aa.author.posts.length
+  end
+
+  def test_nested_loading_through_has_one_association_with_conditions_on_association
+    aa = AuthorAddress.references(:authors).merge(
+      includes: { author: :posts },
+      where: "authors.id > 0"
+    ).find author_addresses(:david_address).id
+    assert_equal aa.author.posts.count, aa.author.posts.length
+  end
+
+  def test_nested_loading_through_has_one_association_with_conditions_on_nested_association
+    aa = AuthorAddress.references(:posts).merge(
+      includes: { author: :posts },
+      where: "posts.id > 0"
+    ).find author_addresses(:david_address).id
+    assert_equal aa.author.posts.count, aa.author.posts.length
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_association_loading_with_belongs_to_and_foreign_keys
+    pets = Pet.all.merge!(includes: :owner).to_a
+    assert_equal 4, pets.length
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_association_loading_with_belongs_to
+    comments = Comment.all.merge!(includes: :post).to_a
+    assert_equal 12, comments.length
+    titles = comments.map { |c| c.post.title }
+    assert_includes titles, posts(:welcome).title
+    assert_includes titles, posts(:sti_post_and_comments).title
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_association_loading_with_belongs_to_and_limit
+    comments = Comment.all.merge!(includes: :post, limit: 5, order: "comments.id").to_a
+    assert_equal 5, comments.length
+    assert_equal [1, 2, 3, 5, 6], comments.collect(&:id)
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_association_loading_with_belongs_to_and_limit_and_conditions
+    comments = Comment.all.merge!(includes: :post, where: "post_id = 4", limit: 3, order: "comments.id").to_a
+    assert_equal 3, comments.length
+    assert_equal [5, 6, 7], comments.collect(&:id)
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_association_loading_with_belongs_to_and_limit_and_offset
+    comments = Comment.all.merge!(includes: :post, limit: 3, offset: 2, order: "comments.id").to_a
+    assert_equal 3, comments.length
+    assert_equal [3, 5, 6], comments.collect(&:id)
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_association_loading_with_belongs_to_and_limit_and_offset_and_conditions
+    comments = Comment.all.merge!(includes: :post, where: "post_id = 4", limit: 3, offset: 1, order: "comments.id").to_a
+    assert_equal 3, comments.length
+    assert_equal [6, 7, 8], comments.collect(&:id)
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_association_loading_with_belongs_to_and_limit_and_offset_and_conditions_array
+    comments = Comment.all.merge!(includes: :post, where: ["post_id = ?", 4], limit: 3, offset: 1, order: "comments.id").to_a
+    assert_equal 3, comments.length
+    assert_equal [6, 7, 8], comments.collect(&:id)
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_association_loading_with_belongs_to_and_conditions_string_with_unquoted_table_name
+    assert_nothing_raised do
+      Comment.includes(:post).references(:posts).where("posts.id = ?", 4)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_association_loading_with_belongs_to_and_conditions_hash
+    comments = []
+    assert_nothing_raised do
+      comments = Comment.all.merge!(includes: :post, where: { posts: { id: 4 } }, limit: 3, order: "comments.id").to_a
+    end
+    assert_equal 3, comments.length
+    assert_equal [5, 6, 7], comments.collect(&:id)
+    assert_no_queries do
+      comments.first.post
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_association_loading_with_belongs_to_and_conditions_string_with_quoted_table_name
+    quoted_posts_id = Comment.connection.quote_table_name("posts") + "." + Comment.connection.quote_column_name("id")
+    assert_nothing_raised do
+      Comment.includes(:post).references(:posts).where("#{quoted_posts_id} = ?", 4)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_association_loading_with_belongs_to_and_order_string_with_unquoted_table_name
+    assert_nothing_raised do
+      Comment.all.merge!(includes: :post, order: "posts.id").to_a
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_association_loading_with_belongs_to_and_order_string_with_quoted_table_name
+    quoted_posts_id = Comment.connection.quote_table_name("posts") + "." + Comment.connection.quote_column_name("id")
+    assert_nothing_raised do
+      Comment.includes(:post).references(:posts).order(quoted_posts_id)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_association_loading_with_belongs_to_and_limit_and_multiple_associations
+    posts = Post.all.merge!(includes: [:author, :very_special_comment], limit: 1, order: "posts.id").to_a
+    assert_equal 1, posts.length
+    assert_equal [1], posts.collect(&:id)
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_association_loading_with_belongs_to_and_limit_and_offset_and_multiple_associations
+    posts = Post.all.merge!(includes: [:author, :very_special_comment], limit: 1, offset: 1, order: "posts.id").to_a
+    assert_equal 1, posts.length
+    assert_equal [2], posts.collect(&:id)
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_association_loading_with_belongs_to_inferred_foreign_key_from_association_name
+    author_favorite = AuthorFavorite.all.merge!(includes: :favorite_author).first
+    assert_equal authors(:mary), assert_no_queries { author_favorite.favorite_author }
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_load_belongs_to_quotes_table_and_column_names
+    job = Job.includes(:ideal_reference).find jobs(:unicyclist).id
+    references(:michael_unicyclist)
+    assert_no_queries { assert_equal references(:michael_unicyclist), job.ideal_reference }
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_load_has_one_quotes_table_and_column_names
+    michael = Person.all.merge!(includes: :favourite_reference).find(people(:michael).id)
+    references(:michael_unicyclist)
+    assert_no_queries { assert_equal references(:michael_unicyclist), michael.favourite_reference }
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_load_has_many_quotes_table_and_column_names
+    michael = Person.all.merge!(includes: :references).find(people(:michael).id)
+    references(:michael_magician, :michael_unicyclist)
+    assert_no_queries { assert_equal references(:michael_magician, :michael_unicyclist), michael.references.sort_by(&:id) }
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_load_has_many_through_quotes_table_and_column_names
+    michael = Person.all.merge!(includes: :jobs).find(people(:michael).id)
+    jobs(:magician, :unicyclist)
+    assert_no_queries { assert_equal jobs(:unicyclist, :magician), michael.jobs.sort_by(&:id) }
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_load_has_many_with_string_keys
+    subscriptions = subscriptions(:webster_awdr, :webster_rfr)
+    subscriber = Subscriber.all.merge!(includes: :subscriptions).find(subscribers(:second).id)
+    assert_equal subscriptions, subscriber.subscriptions.sort_by(&:id)
+  end
+
+  def test_string_id_column_joins
+    s = Subscriber.create! do |c|
+      c.id = "PL"
+    end
+
+    b = Book.create!
+
+    Subscription.create!(subscriber_id: "PL", book_id: b.id)
+    s.reload
+    s.book_ids = s.book_ids
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_load_has_many_through_with_string_keys
+    books = books(:awdr, :rfr)
+    subscriber = Subscriber.all.merge!(includes: :books).find(subscribers(:second).id)
+    assert_equal books, subscriber.books.sort_by(&:id)
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_load_belongs_to_with_string_keys
+    subscriber = subscribers(:second)
+    subscription = Subscription.all.merge!(includes: :subscriber).find(subscriptions(:webster_awdr).id)
+    assert_equal subscriber, subscription.subscriber
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_association_loading_with_explicit_join
+    posts = Post.all.merge!(includes: :comments, joins: "INNER JOIN authors ON posts.author_id = authors.id AND authors.name = 'Mary'", limit: 1, order: "author_id").to_a
+    assert_equal 1, posts.length
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_has_many_through
+    posts_with_comments = people(:michael).posts.merge(includes: :comments, order: "posts.id").to_a
+    posts_with_author = people(:michael).posts.merge(includes: :author, order: "posts.id").to_a
+    posts_with_comments_and_author = people(:michael).posts.merge(includes: [ :comments, :author ], order: "posts.id").to_a
+    assert_equal 2, posts_with_comments.inject(0) { |sum, post| sum + post.comments.size }
+    assert_equal authors(:david), assert_no_queries { posts_with_author.first.author }
+    assert_equal authors(:david), assert_no_queries { posts_with_comments_and_author.first.author }
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_has_many_through_a_belongs_to_association
+    author = authors(:mary)
+    Post.create!(author: author, title: "TITLE", body: "BODY")
+    author.author_favorites.create(favorite_author_id: 1)
+    author.author_favorites.create(favorite_author_id: 2)
+    posts_with_author_favorites = author.posts.merge(includes: :author_favorites).to_a
+    assert_no_queries { posts_with_author_favorites.first.author_favorites.first.author_id }
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_has_many_through_an_sti_join_model
+    author = Author.all.merge!(includes: :special_post_comments, order: "authors.id").first
+    assert_equal [comments(:does_it_hurt)], assert_no_queries { author.special_post_comments }
+  end
+
+  def test_preloading_with_has_one_through_an_sti_with_after_initialize
+    author_a = Author.create!(name: "A")
+    author_b = Author.create!(name: "B")
+    post_a = StiPost.create!(author: author_a, title: "TITLE", body: "BODY")
+    post_b = SpecialPost.create!(author: author_b, title: "TITLE", body: "BODY")
+    comment_a = SpecialComment.create!(post: post_a, body: "TEST")
+    comment_b = SpecialComment.create!(post: post_b, body: "TEST")
+    reset_callbacks(StiPost, :initialize) do
+      StiPost.after_initialize { author }
+      SpecialComment.where(id: [comment_a.id, comment_b.id]).includes(:author).each do |comment|
+        assert comment.author
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_preloading_has_many_through_with_implicit_source
+    authors = Author.includes(:very_special_comments).to_a.sort_by(&:id)
+    assert_no_queries do
+      special_comment_authors = authors.map { |author| [author.name, author.very_special_comments.size] }
+      assert_equal [["David", 1], ["Mary", 0], ["Bob", 0]], special_comment_authors
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_has_many_through_an_sti_join_model_with_conditions_on_both
+    author = Author.all.merge!(includes: :special_nonexistent_post_comments, order: "authors.id").first
+    assert_equal [], author.special_nonexistent_post_comments
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_has_many_through_join_model_with_conditions
+    assert_equal Author.all.merge!(includes: :hello_post_comments,
+                             order: "authors.id").first.hello_post_comments.sort_by(&:id),
+                 Author.all.merge!(order: "authors.id").first.hello_post_comments.sort_by(&:id)
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_has_many_through_join_model_with_conditions_on_top_level
+    assert_equal comments(:more_greetings), Author.all.merge!(includes: :comments_with_order_and_conditions).find(authors(:david).id).comments_with_order_and_conditions.first
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_has_many_through_join_model_with_include
+    author_comments = Author.all.merge!(includes: :comments_with_include).find(authors(:david).id).comments_with_include.to_a
+    assert_no_queries do
+      author_comments.first.post.title
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_has_many_through_with_conditions_join_model_with_include
+    post_tags = Post.find(posts(:welcome).id).misc_tags
+    eager_post_tags = Post.all.merge!(includes: :misc_tags).find(1).misc_tags
+    assert_equal post_tags, eager_post_tags
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_has_many_through_join_model_ignores_default_includes
+    assert_nothing_raised do
+      authors(:david).comments_on_posts_with_default_include.to_a
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_has_many_and_limit
+    posts = Post.all.merge!(order: "posts.id asc", includes: [ :author, :comments ], limit: 2).to_a
+    assert_equal 2, posts.size
+    assert_equal 3, posts.inject(0) { |sum, post| sum + post.comments.size }
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_has_many_and_limit_and_conditions
+    posts = Post.all.merge!(includes: [ :author, :comments ], limit: 2, where: "posts.body = 'hello'", order: "posts.id").to_a
+    assert_equal 2, posts.size
+    assert_equal [4, 5], posts.collect(&:id)
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_has_many_and_limit_and_conditions_array
+    posts = Post.all.merge!(includes: [ :author, :comments ], limit: 2, where: [ "posts.body = ?", "hello" ], order: "posts.id").to_a
+    assert_equal 2, posts.size
+    assert_equal [4, 5], posts.collect(&:id)
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_has_many_and_limit_and_conditions_array_on_the_eagers
+    posts = Post.includes(:author, :comments).limit(2).references("author").where("authors.name = ?", "David")
+    assert_equal 2, posts.size
+
+    count = Post.includes(:author, :comments).limit(2).references("author").where("authors.name = ?", "David").count
+    assert_equal posts.size, count
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_has_many_and_limit_and_high_offset
+    posts = Post.all.merge!(includes: [ :author, :comments ], limit: 2, offset: 10, where: { "authors.name" => "David" }).to_a
+    assert_equal 0, posts.size
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_has_many_and_limit_and_high_offset_and_multiple_array_conditions
+    assert_queries(1) do
+      posts = Post.references(:authors, :comments).
+        merge(includes: [ :author, :comments ], limit: 2, offset: 10,
+          where: [ "authors.name = ? and comments.body = ?", "David", "go crazy" ]).to_a
+      assert_equal 0, posts.size
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_has_many_and_limit_and_high_offset_and_multiple_hash_conditions
+    assert_queries(1) do
+      posts = Post.all.merge!(includes: [ :author, :comments ], limit: 2, offset: 10,
+        where: { "authors.name" => "David", "comments.body" => "go crazy" }).to_a
+      assert_equal 0, posts.size
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_count_eager_with_has_many_and_limit_and_high_offset
+    posts = Post.all.merge!(includes: [ :author, :comments ], limit: 2, offset: 10, where: { "authors.name" => "David" }).count(:all)
+    assert_equal 0, posts
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_has_many_and_limit_with_no_results
+    posts = Post.all.merge!(includes: [ :author, :comments ], limit: 2, where: "posts.title = 'magic forest'").to_a
+    assert_equal 0, posts.size
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_count_performed_on_a_has_many_association_with_multi_table_conditional
+    author = authors(:david)
+    author_posts_without_comments = author.posts.select { |post| post.comments.blank? }
+    assert_equal author_posts_without_comments.size, author.posts.includes(:comments).where("comments.id is null").references(:comments).count
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_count_performed_on_a_has_many_through_association_with_multi_table_conditional
+    person = people(:michael)
+    person_posts_without_comments = person.posts.select { |post| post.comments.blank? }
+    assert_equal person_posts_without_comments.size, person.posts_with_no_comments.count
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_has_and_belongs_to_many_and_limit
+    posts = Post.all.merge!(includes: :categories, order: "posts.id", limit: 3).to_a
+    assert_equal 3, posts.size
+    assert_equal 2, posts[0].categories.size
+    assert_equal 1, posts[1].categories.size
+    assert_equal 0, posts[2].categories.size
+    assert_includes posts[0].categories, categories(:technology)
+    assert_includes posts[1].categories, categories(:general)
+  end
+
+  # Since the preloader for habtm gets raw row hashes from the database and then
+  # instantiates them, this test ensures that it only instantiates one actual
+  # object per record from the database.
+  def test_has_and_belongs_to_many_should_not_instantiate_same_records_multiple_times
+    welcome    = posts(:welcome)
+    categories = Category.includes(:posts)
+
+    general    = categories.find { |c| c == categories(:general) }
+    technology = categories.find { |c| c == categories(:technology) }
+
+    post1 = general.posts.to_a.find { |p| p == welcome }
+    post2 = technology.posts.to_a.find { |p| p == welcome }
+
+    assert_same post1, post2
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_has_many_and_limit_and_conditions_on_the_eagers
+    posts =
+      authors(:david).posts
+        .includes(:comments)
+        .where("comments.body like 'Normal%' OR comments.#{QUOTED_TYPE}= 'SpecialComment'")
+        .references(:comments)
+        .limit(2)
+        .to_a
+    assert_equal 2, posts.size
+
+    count =
+      Post.includes(:comments, :author)
+        .where("authors.name = 'David' AND (comments.body like 'Normal%' OR comments.#{QUOTED_TYPE}= 'SpecialComment')")
+        .references(:authors, :comments)
+        .limit(2)
+        .count
+    assert_equal count, posts.size
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_has_many_and_limit_and_scoped_conditions_on_the_eagers
+    posts = nil
+    Post.includes(:comments)
+      .where("comments.body like 'Normal%' OR comments.#{QUOTED_TYPE}= 'SpecialComment'")
+      .references(:comments)
+      .scoping do
+      posts = authors(:david).posts.limit(2).to_a
+      assert_equal 2, posts.size
+    end
+
+    Post.includes(:comments, :author)
+      .where("authors.name = 'David' AND (comments.body like 'Normal%' OR comments.#{QUOTED_TYPE}= 'SpecialComment')")
+      .references(:authors, :comments)
+      .scoping do
+      count = Post.limit(2).count
+      assert_equal count, posts.size
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_association_loading_with_habtm
+    posts = Post.all.merge!(includes: :categories, order: "posts.id").to_a
+    assert_equal 2, posts[0].categories.size
+    assert_equal 1, posts[1].categories.size
+    assert_equal 0, posts[2].categories.size
+    assert_includes posts[0].categories, categories(:technology)
+    assert_includes posts[1].categories, categories(:general)
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_inheritance
+    SpecialPost.all.merge!(includes: [ :comments ]).to_a
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_has_one_with_association_inheritance
+    post = Post.all.merge!(includes: [ :very_special_comment ]).find(4)
+    assert_equal "VerySpecialComment", post.very_special_comment.class.to_s
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_has_many_with_association_inheritance
+    post = Post.all.merge!(includes: [ :special_comments ]).find(4)
+    post.special_comments.each do |special_comment|
+      assert special_comment.is_a?(SpecialComment)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_habtm_with_association_inheritance
+    post = Post.all.merge!(includes: [ :special_categories ]).find(6)
+    assert_equal 1, post.special_categories.size
+    post.special_categories.each do |special_category|
+      assert_equal "SpecialCategory", special_category.class.to_s
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_has_one_dependent_does_not_destroy_dependent
+    assert_not_nil companies(:first_firm).account
+    f = Firm.all.merge!(includes: :account,
+            where: ["companies.name = ?", "37signals"]).first
+    assert_not_nil f.account
+    assert_equal companies(:first_firm, :reload).account, f.account
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_multi_table_conditional_properly_counts_the_records_when_using_size
+    author = authors(:david)
+    posts_with_no_comments = author.posts.select { |post| post.comments.blank? }
+    assert_equal posts_with_no_comments.size, author.posts_with_no_comments.size
+    assert_equal posts_with_no_comments, author.posts_with_no_comments
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_invalid_association_reference
+    e = assert_raise(ActiveRecord::AssociationNotFoundError) {
+      Post.all.merge!(includes: :monkeys).find(6)
+    }
+    assert_match(/Association named 'monkeys' was not found on Post; perhaps you misspelled it\?/, e.message)
+
+    e = assert_raise(ActiveRecord::AssociationNotFoundError) {
+      Post.all.merge!(includes: [ :monkeys ]).find(6)
+    }
+    assert_match(/Association named 'monkeys' was not found on Post; perhaps you misspelled it\?/, e.message)
+
+    e = assert_raise(ActiveRecord::AssociationNotFoundError) {
+      Post.all.merge!(includes: [ "monkeys" ]).find(6)
+    }
+    assert_match(/Association named 'monkeys' was not found on Post; perhaps you misspelled it\?/, e.message)
+
+    e = assert_raise(ActiveRecord::AssociationNotFoundError) {
+      Post.all.merge!(includes: [ :monkeys, :elephants ]).find(6)
+    }
+    assert_match(/Association named 'monkeys' was not found on Post; perhaps you misspelled it\?/, e.message)
+  end
+
+  if defined?(DidYouMean) && DidYouMean.respond_to?(:correct_error)
+    test "exceptions have suggestions for fix" do
+      error = assert_raise(ActiveRecord::AssociationNotFoundError) {
+        Post.all.merge!(includes: :monkeys).find(6)
+      }
+      assert_match "Did you mean?", error.message
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_has_many_through_with_order
+    tag = OrderedTag.create(name: "Foo")
+    post1 = Post.create!(title: "Beaches", body: "I like beaches!")
+    post2 = Post.create!(title: "Pools", body: "I like pools!")
+
+    Tagging.create!(taggable_type: "Post", taggable_id: post1.id, tag: tag)
+    Tagging.create!(taggable_type: "Post", taggable_id: post2.id, tag: tag)
+
+    tag_with_includes = OrderedTag.includes(:tagged_posts).find(tag.id)
+    assert_equal tag_with_includes.ordered_taggings.map(&:taggable).map(&:title), tag_with_includes.tagged_posts.map(&:title)
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_has_many_through_multiple_with_order
+    tag1 = OrderedTag.create!(name: "Bar")
+    tag2 = OrderedTag.create!(name: "Foo")
+
+    post1 = Post.create!(title: "Beaches", body: "I like beaches!")
+    post2 = Post.create!(title: "Pools", body: "I like pools!")
+
+    Tagging.create!(taggable: post1, tag: tag1)
+    Tagging.create!(taggable: post2, tag: tag1)
+    Tagging.create!(taggable: post2, tag: tag2)
+    Tagging.create!(taggable: post1, tag: tag2)
+
+    tags_with_includes = OrderedTag.where(id: [tag1, tag2].map(&:id)).includes(:tagged_posts).order(:id).to_a
+    tag1_with_includes = tags_with_includes.first
+    tag2_with_includes = tags_with_includes.last
+
+    assert_equal([post2, post1].map(&:title), tag1_with_includes.tagged_posts.map(&:title))
+    assert_equal([post1, post2].map(&:title), tag2_with_includes.tagged_posts.map(&:title))
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_default_scope
+    developer = EagerDeveloperWithDefaultScope.where(name: "David").first
+    projects = Project.order(:id).to_a
+    assert_no_queries do
+      assert_equal(projects, developer.projects)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_default_scope_as_class_method
+    developer = EagerDeveloperWithClassMethodDefaultScope.where(name: "David").first
+    projects = Project.order(:id).to_a
+    assert_no_queries do
+      assert_equal(projects, developer.projects)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_default_scope_as_class_method_using_find_method
+    david = developers(:david)
+    developer = EagerDeveloperWithClassMethodDefaultScope.find(david.id)
+    projects = Project.order(:id).to_a
+    assert_no_queries do
+      assert_equal(projects, developer.projects)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_default_scope_as_class_method_using_find_by_method
+    developer = EagerDeveloperWithClassMethodDefaultScope.find_by(name: "David")
+    projects = Project.order(:id).to_a
+    assert_no_queries do
+      assert_equal(projects, developer.projects)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_default_scope_as_lambda
+    developer = EagerDeveloperWithLambdaDefaultScope.where(name: "David").first
+    projects = Project.order(:id).to_a
+    assert_no_queries do
+      assert_equal(projects, developer.projects)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_default_scope_as_block
+    # warm up the habtm cache
+    EagerDeveloperWithBlockDefaultScope.where(name: "David").first.projects
+    developer = EagerDeveloperWithBlockDefaultScope.where(name: "David").first
+    projects = Project.order(:id).to_a
+    assert_no_queries do
+      assert_equal(projects, developer.projects)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_default_scope_as_callable
+    developer = EagerDeveloperWithCallableDefaultScope.where(name: "David").first
+    projects = Project.order(:id).to_a
+    assert_no_queries do
+      assert_equal(projects, developer.projects)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_limited_eager_with_order
+    assert_equal(
+      posts(:thinking, :sti_comments),
+      Post.all.merge!(
+        includes: [:author, :comments], where: { "authors.name" => "David" },
+        order: "UPPER(posts.title)", limit: 2, offset: 1
+      ).to_a
+    )
+    assert_equal(
+      posts(:sti_post_and_comments, :sti_comments),
+      Post.all.merge!(
+        includes: [:author, :comments], where: { "authors.name" => "David" },
+        order: "UPPER(posts.title) DESC", limit: 2, offset: 1
+      ).to_a
+    )
+  end
+
+  def test_limited_eager_with_multiple_order_columns
+    assert_equal(
+      posts(:thinking, :sti_comments),
+      Post.all.merge!(
+        includes: [:author, :comments], where: { "authors.name" => "David" },
+        order: ["UPPER(posts.title)", "posts.id"], limit: 2, offset: 1
+      ).to_a
+    )
+    assert_equal(
+      posts(:sti_post_and_comments, :sti_comments),
+      Post.all.merge!(
+        includes: [:author, :comments], where: { "authors.name" => "David" },
+        order: ["UPPER(posts.title) DESC", "posts.id"], limit: 2, offset: 1
+      ).to_a
+    )
+  end
+
+  def test_limited_eager_with_numeric_in_association
+    assert_equal(
+      people(:david, :susan),
+      Person.references(:number1_fans_people).merge(
+        includes: [:readers, :primary_contact, :number1_fan],
+        where: "number1_fans_people.first_name like 'M%'",
+        order: "people.id", limit: 2, offset: 0
+      ).to_a
+    )
+  end
+
+  def test_polymorphic_type_condition
+    post = Post.all.merge!(includes: :taggings).find(posts(:thinking).id)
+    assert_includes post.taggings, taggings(:thinking_general)
+    post = SpecialPost.all.merge!(includes: :taggings).find(posts(:thinking).id)
+    assert_includes post.taggings, taggings(:thinking_general)
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_multiple_associations_with_same_table_has_many_and_habtm
+    # Eager includes of has many and habtm associations aren't necessarily sorted in the same way
+    def assert_equal_after_sort(item1, item2, item3 = nil)
+      assert_equal(item1.sort { |a, b| a.id <=> b.id }, item2.sort { |a, b| a.id <=> b.id })
+      assert_equal(item3.sort { |a, b| a.id <=> b.id }, item2.sort { |a, b| a.id <=> b.id }) if item3
+    end
+    # Test regular association, association with conditions, association with
+    # STI, and association with conditions assured not to be true
+    post_types = [:posts, :other_posts, :special_posts]
+    # test both has_many and has_and_belongs_to_many
+    [Author, Category].each do |className|
+      d1 = find_all_ordered(className)
+      # test including all post types at once
+      d2 = find_all_ordered(className, post_types)
+      d1.each_index do |i|
+        assert_equal(d1[i], d2[i])
+        assert_equal_after_sort(d1[i].posts, d2[i].posts)
+        post_types[1..-1].each do |post_type|
+          # test including post_types together
+          d3 = find_all_ordered(className, [:posts, post_type])
+          assert_equal(d1[i], d3[i])
+          assert_equal_after_sort(d1[i].posts, d3[i].posts)
+          assert_equal_after_sort(d1[i].public_send(post_type), d2[i].public_send(post_type), d3[i].public_send(post_type))
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_multiple_associations_with_same_table_has_one
+    d1 = find_all_ordered(Firm)
+    d2 = find_all_ordered(Firm, :account)
+    d1.each_index do |i|
+      assert_equal(d1[i], d2[i])
+      if d1[i].account.nil?
+        assert_nil(d2[i].account)
+      else
+        assert_equal(d1[i].account, d2[i].account)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_multiple_associations_with_same_table_belongs_to
+    firm_types = [:firm, :firm_with_basic_id, :firm_with_other_name, :firm_with_condition]
+    d1 = find_all_ordered(Client)
+    d2 = find_all_ordered(Client, firm_types)
+    d1.each_index do |i|
+      assert_equal(d1[i], d2[i])
+      firm_types.each do |type|
+        if (expected = d1[i].public_send(type)).nil?
+          assert_nil(d2[i].public_send(type))
+        else
+          assert_equal(expected, d2[i].public_send(type))
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+  def test_eager_with_valid_association_as_string_not_symbol
+    assert_nothing_raised { Post.all.merge!(includes: "comments").to_a }
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_floating_point_numbers
+    assert_queries(2) do
+      # Before changes, the floating point numbers will be interpreted as table names and will cause this to run in one query
+      Comment.all.merge!(where: "123.456 = 123.456", includes: :post).to_a
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_preconfigured_includes_with_belongs_to
+    author = posts(:welcome).author_with_posts
+    assert_no_queries { assert_equal 5, author.posts.size }
+  end
+
+  def test_preconfigured_includes_with_has_one
+    comment = posts(:sti_comments).very_special_comment_with_post
+    assert_no_queries { assert_equal posts(:sti_comments), comment.post }
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_association_with_scope_with_joins
+    assert_nothing_raised do
+      Post.includes(:very_special_comment_with_post_with_joins).to_a
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_preconfigured_includes_with_has_many
+    posts = authors(:david).posts_with_comments
+    one = posts.detect { |p| p.id == 1 }
+    assert_no_queries do
+      assert_equal 5, posts.size
+      assert_equal 2, one.comments.size
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_preconfigured_includes_with_habtm
+    posts = authors(:david).posts_with_categories
+    one = posts.detect { |p| p.id == 1 }
+    assert_no_queries do
+      assert_equal 5, posts.size
+      assert_equal 2, one.categories.size
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_preconfigured_includes_with_has_many_and_habtm
+    posts = authors(:david).posts_with_comments_and_categories
+    one = posts.detect { |p| p.id == 1 }
+    assert_no_queries do
+      assert_equal 5, posts.size
+      assert_equal 2, one.comments.size
+      assert_equal 2, one.categories.size
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_count_with_include
+    assert_equal 3, authors(:david).posts_with_comments.where("length(comments.body) > 15").references(:comments).count
+  end
+
+  def test_association_loading_notification
+    notifications = messages_for("instantiation.active_record") do
+      Developer.all.merge!(includes: "projects", where: { "developers_projects.access_level" => 1 }, limit: 5).to_a.size
+    end
+
+    message = notifications.first
+    payload = message.last
+    count = Developer.all.merge!(includes: "projects", where: { "developers_projects.access_level" => 1 }, limit: 5).to_a.size
+
+    # eagerloaded row count should be greater than just developer count
+    assert_operator payload[:record_count], :>, count
+    assert_equal Developer.name, payload[:class_name]
+  end
+
+  def test_base_messages
+    notifications = messages_for("instantiation.active_record") do
+      Developer.all.to_a
+    end
+    message = notifications.first
+    payload = message.last
+
+    assert_equal Developer.all.to_a.count, payload[:record_count]
+    assert_equal Developer.name, payload[:class_name]
+  end
+
+  def messages_for(name)
+    notifications = []
+    ActiveSupport::Notifications.subscribe(name) do |*args|
+      notifications << args
+    end
+    yield
+    notifications
+  ensure
+    ActiveSupport::Notifications.unsubscribe(name)
+  end
+
+  def test_load_with_sti_sharing_association
+    assert_queries(2) do # should not do 1 query per subclass
+      Comment.includes(:post).to_a
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_conditions_on_join_table_with_include_and_limit
+    assert_equal 3, Developer.all.merge!(includes: "projects", where: { "developers_projects.access_level" => 1 }, limit: 5).to_a.size
+  end
+
+  def test_dont_create_temporary_active_record_instances
+    Developer.instance_count = 0
+    developers = Developer.all.merge!(includes: "projects", where: { "developers_projects.access_level" => 1 }, limit: 5).to_a
+    assert_equal developers.count, Developer.instance_count
+  end
+
+  def test_order_on_join_table_with_include_and_limit
+    assert_equal 5, Developer.all.merge!(includes: "projects", order: "developers_projects.joined_on DESC", limit: 5).to_a.size
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_loading_with_order_on_joined_table_preloads
+    posts = assert_queries(2) do
+      Post.all.merge!(joins: :comments, includes: :author, order: "comments.id DESC").to_a
+    end
+    assert_equal posts(:eager_other), posts[2]
+    assert_equal authors(:mary), assert_no_queries { posts[2].author }
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_loading_with_conditions_on_joined_table_preloads
+    posts = assert_queries(2) do
+      Post.all.merge!(select: "distinct posts.*", includes: :author, joins: [:comments], where: "comments.body like 'Thank you%'", order: "posts.id").to_a
+    end
+    assert_equal [posts(:welcome)], posts
+    assert_equal authors(:david), assert_no_queries { posts[0].author }
+
+    posts = assert_queries(2) do
+      Post.all.merge!(includes: :author, joins: { taggings: :tag }, where: "tags.name = 'General'", order: "posts.id").to_a
+    end
+    assert_equal posts(:welcome, :thinking), posts
+
+    posts = assert_queries(2) do
+      Post.all.merge!(includes: :author, joins: { taggings: { tag: :taggings } }, where: "taggings_tags.super_tag_id=2", order: "posts.id").to_a
+    end
+    assert_equal posts(:welcome, :thinking), posts
+  end
+
+  def test_preload_has_many_with_association_condition_and_default_scope
+    post = Post.create!(title: "Beaches", body: "I like beaches!")
+    Reader.create! person: people(:david), post: post
+    LazyReader.create! person: people(:susan), post: post
+
+    assert_equal 1, post.lazy_readers.to_a.size
+    assert_equal 2, post.lazy_readers_skimmers_or_not.to_a.size
+
+    post_with_readers = Post.includes(:lazy_readers_skimmers_or_not).find(post.id)
+    assert_equal 2, post_with_readers.lazy_readers_skimmers_or_not.to_a.size
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_loading_with_conditions_on_string_joined_table_preloads
+    posts = assert_queries(2) do
+      Post.all.merge!(select: "distinct posts.*", includes: :author, joins: "INNER JOIN comments on comments.post_id = posts.id", where: "comments.body like 'Thank you%'", order: "posts.id").to_a
+    end
+    assert_equal [posts(:welcome)], posts
+    assert_equal authors(:david), assert_no_queries { posts[0].author }
+
+    posts = assert_queries(2) do
+      Post.all.merge!(select: "distinct posts.*", includes: :author, joins: ["INNER JOIN comments on comments.post_id = posts.id"], where: "comments.body like 'Thank you%'", order: "posts.id").to_a
+    end
+    assert_equal [posts(:welcome)], posts
+    assert_equal authors(:david), assert_no_queries { posts[0].author }
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_loading_with_select_on_joined_table_preloads
+    posts = assert_queries(2) do
+      Post.all.merge!(select: "posts.*, authors.name as author_name", includes: :comments, joins: :author, order: "posts.id").to_a
+    end
+    assert_equal "David", posts[0].author_name
+    assert_equal posts(:welcome).comments.sort_by(&:id), assert_no_queries { posts[0].comments.sort_by(&:id) }
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_loading_with_conditions_on_join_model_preloads
+    authors = assert_queries(2) do
+      Author.all.merge!(includes: :author_address, joins: :comments, where: "posts.title like 'Welcome%'").to_a
+    end
+    assert_equal authors(:david), authors[0]
+    assert_equal author_addresses(:david_address), authors[0].author_address
+  end
+
+  def test_preload_belongs_to_uses_exclusive_scope
+    people = Person.males.includes(:primary_contact).to_a
+    assert_equal 2, people.length
+    people.each do |person|
+      assert_no_queries { assert_not_nil person.primary_contact }
+      assert_equal Person.find(person.id).primary_contact, person.primary_contact
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_preload_has_many_uses_exclusive_scope
+    people = Person.males.includes(:agents).to_a
+    assert_equal 2, people.length
+    people.each do |person|
+      assert_equal Person.find(person.id).agents.sort_by(&:id), person.agents.sort_by(&:id)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_preload_has_many_using_primary_key
+    expected = Firm.first.clients_using_primary_key.sort_by(&:id)
+    firm = Firm.includes(:clients_using_primary_key).first
+    assert_no_queries do
+      assert_equal expected, firm.clients_using_primary_key.sort_by(&:id)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_include_has_many_using_primary_key
+    expected = Firm.find(1).clients_using_primary_key.sort_by(&:name)
+    firm = Firm.all.merge!(includes: :clients_using_primary_key, order: "clients_using_primary_keys_companies.name").find(1)
+    assert_no_queries do
+      assert_equal expected, firm.clients_using_primary_key
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_preload_has_one_using_primary_key
+    expected = accounts(:signals37)
+    firm = Firm.all.merge!(includes: :account_using_primary_key, order: "companies.id").first
+    assert_no_queries do
+      assert_equal expected, firm.account_using_primary_key
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_include_has_one_using_primary_key
+    expected = accounts(:signals37)
+    firm = Firm.all.merge!(includes: :account_using_primary_key, order: "accounts.id").to_a.detect { |f| f.id == 1 }
+    assert_no_queries do
+      assert_equal expected, firm.account_using_primary_key
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_preloading_empty_belongs_to
+    c = Client.create!(name: "Foo", client_of: Company.maximum(:id) + 1)
+
+    client = assert_queries(2) { Client.preload(:firm).find(c.id) }
+    assert_no_queries { assert_nil client.firm }
+    assert_equal c.client_of, client.client_of
+  end
+
+  def test_preloading_empty_belongs_to_polymorphic
+    t = Tagging.create!(taggable_type: "Post", taggable_id: Post.maximum(:id) + 1, tag: tags(:general))
+
+    tagging = assert_queries(2) { Tagging.preload(:taggable).find(t.id) }
+    assert_no_queries { assert_nil tagging.taggable }
+    assert_equal t.taggable_id, tagging.taggable_id
+  end
+
+  def test_preloading_through_empty_belongs_to
+    c = Client.create!(name: "Foo", client_of: Company.maximum(:id) + 1)
+
+    client = assert_queries(2) { Client.preload(:accounts).find(c.id) }
+    assert_no_queries { assert client.accounts.empty? }
+  end
+
+  def test_preloading_has_many_through_with_distinct
+    mary = Author.includes(:unique_categorized_posts).where(id: authors(:mary).id).first
+    assert_equal 1, mary.unique_categorized_posts.length
+    assert_equal 1, mary.unique_categorized_post_ids.length
+  end
+
+  def test_preloading_has_one_using_reorder
+    klass = Class.new(ActiveRecord::Base) do
+      def self.name; "TempAuthor"; end
+      self.table_name = "authors"
+      has_one :post, class_name: "PostWithDefaultScope", foreign_key: :author_id
+      has_one :reorderd_post, -> { reorder(title: :desc) }, class_name: "PostWithDefaultScope", foreign_key: :author_id
+    end
+
+    author = klass.first
+    # PRECONDITION: make sure ordering results in different results
+    assert_not_equal author.post, author.reorderd_post
+
+    preloaded_reorderd_post = klass.preload(:reorderd_post).first.reorderd_post
+
+    assert_equal author.reorderd_post, preloaded_reorderd_post
+    assert_equal Post.order(title: :desc).first.title, preloaded_reorderd_post.title
+  end
+
+  def test_preloading_polymorphic_with_custom_foreign_type
+    sponsor = sponsors(:moustache_club_sponsor_for_groucho)
+    groucho = members(:groucho)
+
+    sponsor = assert_queries(2) {
+      Sponsor.includes(:thing).where(id: sponsor.id).first
+    }
+    assert_no_queries { assert_equal groucho, sponsor.thing }
+  end
+
+  def test_joins_with_includes_should_preload_via_joins
+    post = assert_queries(1) { Post.includes(:comments).joins(:comments).order("posts.id desc").to_a.first }
+
+    assert_no_queries do
+      assert_not_equal 0, post.comments.to_a.count
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_join_eager_with_empty_order_should_generate_valid_sql
+    assert_nothing_raised do
+      Post.includes(:comments).order("").where(comments: { body: "Thank you for the welcome" }).first
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_deep_including_through_habtm
+    # warm up habtm cache
+    posts = Post.all.merge!(includes: { categories: :categorizations }, order: "posts.id").to_a
+    posts[0].categories[0].categorizations.length
+
+    posts = Post.all.merge!(includes: { categories: :categorizations }, order: "posts.id").to_a
+    assert_no_queries { assert_equal 2, posts[0].categories[0].categorizations.length }
+    assert_no_queries { assert_equal 1, posts[0].categories[1].categorizations.length }
+    assert_no_queries { assert_equal 2, posts[1].categories[0].categorizations.length }
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_load_multiple_associations_with_references
+    mentor = Mentor.create!(name: "Barış Can DAYLIK")
+    developer = Developer.create!(name: "Mehmet Emin İNAÇ", mentor: mentor)
+    Contract.create!(developer: developer)
+    project = Project.create!(name: "VNGRS", mentor: mentor)
+    project.developers << developer
+    projects = Project.references(:mentors).includes(mentor: { developers: :contracts }, developers: :contracts)
+    assert_equal projects.last.mentor.developers.first.contracts, projects.last.developers.last.contracts
+  end
+
+  def test_preloading_has_many_through_with_custom_scope
+    project = Project.includes(:developers_named_david_with_hash_conditions).find(projects(:active_record).id)
+    assert_equal [developers(:david)], project.developers_named_david_with_hash_conditions
+  end
+
+  test "scoping with a circular preload" do
+    assert_equal Comment.find(1), Comment.preload(post: :comments).scoping { Comment.find(1) }
+  end
+
+  test "circular preload does not modify unscoped" do
+    expected = FirstPost.unscoped.find(2)
+    FirstPost.preload(comments: :first_post).find(1)
+    assert_equal expected, FirstPost.unscoped.find(2)
+  end
+
+  test "belongs_to association ignores the scoping" do
+    post = Comment.find(1).post
+
+    Post.where("1=0").scoping do
+      assert_equal post, Comment.find(1).post
+      assert_equal post, Comment.preload(:post).find(1).post
+      assert_equal post, Comment.eager_load(:post).find(1).post
+    end
+  end
+
+  test "has_many association ignores the scoping" do
+    comments = Post.find(1).comments.to_a
+
+    Comment.where("1=0").scoping do
+      assert_equal comments, Post.find(1).comments
+      assert_equal comments, Post.preload(:comments).find(1).comments
+      assert_equal comments, Post.eager_load(:comments).find(1).comments
+    end
+  end
+
+  test "deep preload" do
+    post = Post.preload(author: :posts, comments: :post).first
+
+    assert_predicate post.author.association(:posts), :loaded?
+    assert_predicate post.comments.first.association(:post), :loaded?
+  end
+
+  test "preloading does not cache has many association subset when preloaded with a through association" do
+    author = Author.includes(:comments_with_order_and_conditions, :posts).first
+    assert_no_queries { assert_equal 2, author.comments_with_order_and_conditions.size }
+    assert_no_queries { assert_equal 5, author.posts.size, "should not cache a subset of the association" }
+  end
+
+  test "preloading a through association twice does not reset it" do
+    members = Member.includes(current_membership: :club).includes(:club).to_a
+    assert_no_queries {
+      assert_equal 3, members.map(&:current_membership).map(&:club).size
+    }
+  end
+
+  test "works in combination with order(:symbol) and reorder(:symbol)" do
+    author = Author.includes(:posts).references(:posts).order(:name).find_by("posts.title IS NOT NULL")
+    assert_equal authors(:bob), author
+
+    author = Author.includes(:posts).references(:posts).reorder(:name).find_by("posts.title IS NOT NULL")
+    assert_equal authors(:bob), author
+  end
+
+  test "preloading with a polymorphic association and using the existential predicate but also using a select" do
+    assert_equal authors(:david), authors(:david).essays.includes(:writer).first.writer
+
+    assert_nothing_raised do
+      authors(:david).essays.includes(:writer).select(:name).any?
+    end
+  end
+
+  test "preloading the same association twice works" do
+    Member.create!
+    members = Member.preload(:current_membership).includes(current_membership: :club).all.to_a
+    assert_no_queries {
+      members_with_membership = members.select(&:current_membership)
+      assert_equal 3, members_with_membership.map(&:current_membership).map(&:club).size
+    }
+  end
+
+  test "preloading with a polymorphic association and using the existential predicate" do
+    assert_equal authors(:david), authors(:david).essays.includes(:writer).first.writer
+
+    assert_nothing_raised do
+      authors(:david).essays.includes(:writer).any?
+      authors(:david).essays.includes(:writer).exists?
+      authors(:david).essays.includes(:owner).where("name IS NOT NULL").exists?
+    end
+  end
+
+  test "preloading associations with string joins and order references" do
+    author = assert_queries(2) {
+      Author.includes(:posts).joins("LEFT JOIN posts ON posts.author_id = authors.id").order("posts.title DESC").first
+    }
+    assert_no_queries {
+      assert_equal 5, author.posts.size
+    }
+  end
+
+  test "including associations with where.not adds implicit references" do
+    author = assert_queries(2) {
+      Author.includes(:posts).where.not(posts: { title: "Welcome to the weblog" }).last
+    }
+
+    assert_no_queries {
+      assert_equal 2, author.posts.size
+    }
+  end
+
+  test "including association based on sql condition and no database column" do
+    assert_equal pets(:parrot), Owner.including_last_pet.first.last_pet
+  end
+
+  test "preloading and eager loading of instance dependent associations is not supported" do
+    message = "association scope 'posts_with_signature' is"
+    error = assert_raises(ArgumentError) do
+      Author.includes(:posts_with_signature).to_a
+    end
+    assert_match message, error.message
+
+    error = assert_raises(ArgumentError) do
+      Author.preload(:posts_with_signature).to_a
+    end
+    assert_match message, error.message
+
+    error = assert_raises(ArgumentError) do
+      Author.eager_load(:posts_with_signature).to_a
+    end
+    assert_match message, error.message
+  end
+
+  test "preloading and eager loading of optional instance dependent associations is not supported" do
+    message = "association scope 'posts_mentioning_author' is"
+    error = assert_raises(ArgumentError) do
+      Author.includes(:posts_mentioning_author).to_a
+    end
+    assert_match message, error.message
+
+    error = assert_raises(ArgumentError) do
+      Author.preload(:posts_mentioning_author).to_a
+    end
+    assert_match message, error.message
+
+    error = assert_raises(ArgumentError) do
+      Author.eager_load(:posts_mentioning_author).to_a
+    end
+    assert_match message, error.message
+  end
+
+  test "preload with invalid argument" do
+    exception = assert_raises(ArgumentError) do
+      Author.preload(10).to_a
+    end
+    assert_equal("10 was not recognized for preload", exception.message)
+  end
+
+  test "associations with extensions are not instance dependent" do
+    assert_nothing_raised do
+      Author.includes(:posts_with_extension).to_a
+    end
+  end
+
+  test "including associations with extensions and an instance dependent scope is not supported" do
+    e = assert_raises(ArgumentError) do
+      Author.includes(:posts_with_extension_and_instance).to_a
+    end
+    assert_match(/Preloading instance dependent scopes is not supported/, e.message)
+  end
+
+  test "preloading readonly association" do
+    # has-one
+    firm = Firm.where(id: "1").preload(:readonly_account).first!
+    assert_predicate firm.readonly_account, :readonly?
+
+    # has_and_belongs_to_many
+    project = Project.where(id: "2").preload(:readonly_developers).first!
+    assert_predicate project.readonly_developers.first, :readonly?
+
+    # has-many :through
+    david = Author.where(id: "1").preload(:readonly_comments).first!
+    assert_predicate david.readonly_comments.first, :readonly?
+  end
+
+  test "eager-loading non-readonly association" do
+    # has_one
+    firm = Firm.where(id: "1").eager_load(:account).first!
+    assert_not_predicate firm.account, :readonly?
+
+    # has_and_belongs_to_many
+    project = Project.where(id: "2").eager_load(:developers).first!
+    assert_not_predicate project.developers.first, :readonly?
+
+    # has_many :through
+    david = Author.where(id: "1").eager_load(:comments).first!
+    assert_not_predicate david.comments.first, :readonly?
+
+    # belongs_to
+    post = Post.where(id: "1").eager_load(:author).first!
+    assert_not_predicate post.author, :readonly?
+  end
+
+  test "eager-loading readonly association" do
+    # has-one
+    firm = Firm.where(id: "1").eager_load(:readonly_account).first!
+    assert_predicate firm.readonly_account, :readonly?
+
+    # has_and_belongs_to_many
+    project = Project.where(id: "2").eager_load(:readonly_developers).first!
+    assert_predicate project.readonly_developers.first, :readonly?
+
+    # has-many :through
+    david = Author.where(id: "1").eager_load(:readonly_comments).first!
+    assert_predicate david.readonly_comments.first, :readonly?
+
+    # belongs_to
+    post = Post.where(id: "1").eager_load(:readonly_author).first!
+    assert_predicate post.readonly_author, :readonly?
+  end
+
+  test "preloading a polymorphic association with references to the associated table" do
+    post = Post.includes(:tags).references(:tags).where("tags.name = ?", "General").first
+    assert_equal posts(:welcome), post
+  end
+
+  test "eager-loading a polymorphic association with references to the associated table" do
+    post = Post.eager_load(:tags).where("tags.name = ?", "General").first
+    assert_equal posts(:welcome), post
+  end
+
+  test "eager-loading with a polymorphic association won't work consistently" do
+    assert_raise(ActiveRecord::EagerLoadPolymorphicError) { authors(:david).essays.eager_load(:writer).to_a }
+    assert_raise(ActiveRecord::EagerLoadPolymorphicError) { authors(:david).essays.eager_load(:writer).count }
+    assert_raise(ActiveRecord::EagerLoadPolymorphicError) { authors(:david).essays.eager_load(:writer).exists? }
+  end
+
+  # CollectionProxy#reader is expensive, so the preloader avoids calling it.
+  test "preloading has_many_through association avoids calling association.reader" do
+    assert_not_called_on_instance_of(ActiveRecord::Associations::HasManyAssociation, :reader) do
+      Author.preload(:readonly_comments).first!
+    end
+  end
+
+  test "preloading through a polymorphic association doesn't require the association to exist" do
+    sponsors = []
+    assert_queries 5 do
+      sponsors = Sponsor.where(sponsorable_id: 1).preload(sponsorable: [:post, :membership]).to_a
+    end
+    # check the preload worked
+    assert_queries 0 do
+      sponsors.map(&:sponsorable).map { |s| s.respond_to?(:posts) ? s.post.author : s.membership }
+    end
+  end
+
+  test "preloading a regular association through a polymorphic association doesn't require the association to exist on all types" do
+    sponsors = []
+    assert_queries 6 do
+      sponsors = Sponsor.where(sponsorable_id: 1).preload(sponsorable: [{ post: :first_comment }, :membership]).to_a
+    end
+    # check the preload worked
+    assert_queries 0 do
+      sponsors.map(&:sponsorable).map { |s| s.respond_to?(:posts) ? s.post.author : s.membership }
+    end
+  end
+
+  test "preloading a regular association with a typo through a polymorphic association still raises" do
+    # this test contains an intentional typo of first -> fist
+    assert_raises(ActiveRecord::AssociationNotFoundError) do
+      Sponsor.where(sponsorable_id: 1).preload(sponsorable: [{ post: :fist_comment }, :membership]).to_a
+    end
+  end
+
+  private
+    def find_all_ordered(klass, include = nil)
+      klass.order("#{klass.table_name}.#{klass.primary_key}").includes(include).to_a
+    end
+end