grpc-flamingo 1.11.0

data/src/core/lib/iomgr/ev_poll_posix.cc

@@ -0,0 +1,1758 @@
+/*
+ *
+ * Copyright 2016 gRPC authors.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include <grpc/support/port_platform.h>
+
+#include "src/core/lib/iomgr/port.h"
+
+#ifdef GRPC_POSIX_SOCKET
+
+#include "src/core/lib/iomgr/ev_poll_posix.h"
+
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <poll.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <sys/socket.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#include <grpc/support/alloc.h>
+#include <grpc/support/log.h>
+#include <grpc/support/string_util.h>
+
+#include "src/core/lib/debug/stats.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/gpr/murmur_hash.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/gpr/tls.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/gpr/useful.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/gprpp/thd.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/iomgr/block_annotate.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/iomgr/iomgr_internal.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/iomgr/wakeup_fd_cv.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/iomgr/wakeup_fd_posix.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/profiling/timers.h"
+
+#define GRPC_POLLSET_KICK_BROADCAST ((grpc_pollset_worker*)1)
+
+/*******************************************************************************
+ * FD declarations
+ */
+typedef struct grpc_fd_watcher {
+  struct grpc_fd_watcher* next;
+  struct grpc_fd_watcher* prev;
+  grpc_pollset* pollset;
+  grpc_pollset_worker* worker;
+  grpc_fd* fd;
+} grpc_fd_watcher;
+
+struct grpc_fd {
+  int fd;
+  /* refst format:
+     bit0:   1=active/0=orphaned
+     bit1-n: refcount
+     meaning that mostly we ref by two to avoid altering the orphaned bit,
+     and just unref by 1 when we're ready to flag the object as orphaned */
+  gpr_atm refst;
+
+  gpr_mu mu;
+  int shutdown;
+  int closed;
+  int released;
+  gpr_atm pollhup;
+  grpc_error* shutdown_error;
+
+  /* The watcher list.
+
+     The following watcher related fields are protected by watcher_mu.
+
+     An fd_watcher is an ephemeral object created when an fd wants to
+     begin polling, and destroyed after the poll.
+
+     It denotes the fd's interest in whether to read poll or write poll
+     or both or neither on this fd.
+
+     If a watcher is asked to poll for reads or writes, the read_watcher
+     or write_watcher fields are set respectively. A watcher may be asked
+     to poll for both, in which case both fields will be set.
+
+     read_watcher and write_watcher may be NULL if no watcher has been
+     asked to poll for reads or writes.
+
+     If an fd_watcher is not asked to poll for reads or writes, it's added
+     to a linked list of inactive watchers, rooted at inactive_watcher_root.
+     If at a later time there becomes need of a poller to poll, one of
+     the inactive pollers may be kicked out of their poll loops to take
+     that responsibility. */
+  grpc_fd_watcher inactive_watcher_root;
+  grpc_fd_watcher* read_watcher;
+  grpc_fd_watcher* write_watcher;
+
+  grpc_closure* read_closure;
+  grpc_closure* write_closure;
+
+  grpc_closure* on_done_closure;
+
+  grpc_iomgr_object iomgr_object;
+
+  /* The pollset that last noticed and notified that the fd is readable */
+  grpc_pollset* read_notifier_pollset;
+};
+
+/* Begin polling on an fd.
+   Registers that the given pollset is interested in this fd - so that if read
+   or writability interest changes, the pollset can be kicked to pick up that
+   new interest.
+   Return value is:
+     (fd_needs_read? read_mask : 0) | (fd_needs_write? write_mask : 0)
+   i.e. a combination of read_mask and write_mask determined by the fd's current
+   interest in said events.
+   Polling strategies that do not need to alter their behavior depending on the
+   fd's current interest (such as epoll) do not need to call this function.
+   MUST NOT be called with a pollset lock taken */
+static uint32_t fd_begin_poll(grpc_fd* fd, grpc_pollset* pollset,
+                              grpc_pollset_worker* worker, uint32_t read_mask,
+                              uint32_t write_mask, grpc_fd_watcher* rec);
+/* Complete polling previously started with fd_begin_poll
+   MUST NOT be called with a pollset lock taken
+   if got_read or got_write are 1, also does the become_{readable,writable} as
+   appropriate. */
+static void fd_end_poll(grpc_fd_watcher* rec, int got_read, int got_write,
+                        grpc_pollset* read_notifier_pollset);
+
+/* Return 1 if this fd is orphaned, 0 otherwise */
+static bool fd_is_orphaned(grpc_fd* fd);
+
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+static void fd_ref(grpc_fd* fd, const char* reason, const char* file, int line);
+static void fd_unref(grpc_fd* fd, const char* reason, const char* file,
+                     int line);
+#define GRPC_FD_REF(fd, reason) fd_ref(fd, reason, __FILE__, __LINE__)
+#define GRPC_FD_UNREF(fd, reason) fd_unref(fd, reason, __FILE__, __LINE__)
+#else
+static void fd_ref(grpc_fd* fd);
+static void fd_unref(grpc_fd* fd);
+#define GRPC_FD_REF(fd, reason) fd_ref(fd)
+#define GRPC_FD_UNREF(fd, reason) fd_unref(fd)
+#endif
+
+#define CLOSURE_NOT_READY ((grpc_closure*)0)
+#define CLOSURE_READY ((grpc_closure*)1)
+
+/*******************************************************************************
+ * pollset declarations
+ */
+
+typedef struct grpc_cached_wakeup_fd {
+  grpc_wakeup_fd fd;
+  struct grpc_cached_wakeup_fd* next;
+} grpc_cached_wakeup_fd;
+
+struct grpc_pollset_worker {
+  grpc_cached_wakeup_fd* wakeup_fd;
+  int reevaluate_polling_on_wakeup;
+  int kicked_specifically;
+  struct grpc_pollset_worker* next;
+  struct grpc_pollset_worker* prev;
+};
+
+struct grpc_pollset {
+  gpr_mu mu;
+  grpc_pollset_worker root_worker;
+  int shutting_down;
+  int called_shutdown;
+  int kicked_without_pollers;
+  grpc_closure* shutdown_done;
+  int pollset_set_count;
+  /* all polled fds */
+  size_t fd_count;
+  size_t fd_capacity;
+  grpc_fd** fds;
+  /* Local cache of eventfds for workers */
+  grpc_cached_wakeup_fd* local_wakeup_cache;
+};
+
+/* Add an fd to a pollset */
+static void pollset_add_fd(grpc_pollset* pollset, struct grpc_fd* fd);
+
+static void pollset_set_add_fd(grpc_pollset_set* pollset_set, grpc_fd* fd);
+
+/* Convert a timespec to milliseconds:
+   - very small or negative poll times are clamped to zero to do a
+     non-blocking poll (which becomes spin polling)
+   - other small values are rounded up to one millisecond
+   - longer than a millisecond polls are rounded up to the next nearest
+     millisecond to avoid spinning
+   - infinite timeouts are converted to -1 */
+static int poll_deadline_to_millis_timeout(grpc_millis deadline);
+
+/* Allow kick to wakeup the currently polling worker */
+#define GRPC_POLLSET_CAN_KICK_SELF 1
+/* Force the wakee to repoll when awoken */
+#define GRPC_POLLSET_REEVALUATE_POLLING_ON_WAKEUP 2
+/* As per pollset_kick, with an extended set of flags (defined above)
+   -- mostly for fd_posix's use. */
+static grpc_error* pollset_kick_ext(grpc_pollset* p,
+                                    grpc_pollset_worker* specific_worker,
+                                    uint32_t flags) GRPC_MUST_USE_RESULT;
+
+/* Return 1 if the pollset has active threads in pollset_work (pollset must
+ * be locked) */
+static bool pollset_has_workers(grpc_pollset* pollset);
+
+/*******************************************************************************
+ * pollset_set definitions
+ */
+
+struct grpc_pollset_set {
+  gpr_mu mu;
+
+  size_t pollset_count;
+  size_t pollset_capacity;
+  grpc_pollset** pollsets;
+
+  size_t pollset_set_count;
+  size_t pollset_set_capacity;
+  struct grpc_pollset_set** pollset_sets;
+
+  size_t fd_count;
+  size_t fd_capacity;
+  grpc_fd** fds;
+};
+
+/*******************************************************************************
+ * condition variable polling definitions
+ */
+
+#define POLLCV_THREAD_GRACE_MS 1000
+#define CV_POLL_PERIOD_MS 1000
+#define CV_DEFAULT_TABLE_SIZE 16
+
+typedef struct poll_result {
+  gpr_refcount refcount;
+  grpc_cv_node* watchers;
+  int watchcount;
+  struct pollfd* fds;
+  nfds_t nfds;
+  int retval;
+  int err;
+  int completed;
+} poll_result;
+
+typedef struct poll_args {
+  grpc_core::Thread poller_thd;
+  gpr_cv trigger;
+  int trigger_set;
+  bool harvestable;
+  gpr_cv harvest;
+  bool joinable;
+  gpr_cv join;
+  struct pollfd* fds;
+  nfds_t nfds;
+  poll_result* result;
+  struct poll_args* next;
+  struct poll_args* prev;
+} poll_args;
+
+// This is a 2-tiered cache, we mantain a hash table
+// of active poll calls, so we can wait on the result
+// of that call.  We also maintain freelists of inactive
+// poll args and of dead poller threads.
+typedef struct poll_hash_table {
+  poll_args* free_pollers;
+  poll_args** active_pollers;
+  poll_args* dead_pollers;
+  unsigned int size;
+  unsigned int count;
+} poll_hash_table;
+
+// TODO(kpayson64): Eliminate use of global non-POD variables
+poll_hash_table poll_cache;
+grpc_cv_fd_table g_cvfds;
+
+/*******************************************************************************
+ * fd_posix.c
+ */
+
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+#define REF_BY(fd, n, reason) ref_by(fd, n, reason, __FILE__, __LINE__)
+#define UNREF_BY(fd, n, reason) unref_by(fd, n, reason, __FILE__, __LINE__)
+static void ref_by(grpc_fd* fd, int n, const char* reason, const char* file,
+                   int line) {
+  if (grpc_trace_fd_refcount.enabled()) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG,
+            "FD %d %p   ref %d %" PRIdPTR " -> %" PRIdPTR " [%s; %s:%d]",
+            fd->fd, fd, n, gpr_atm_no_barrier_load(&fd->refst),
+            gpr_atm_no_barrier_load(&fd->refst) + n, reason, file, line);
+  }
+#else
+#define REF_BY(fd, n, reason) ref_by(fd, n)
+#define UNREF_BY(fd, n, reason) unref_by(fd, n)
+static void ref_by(grpc_fd* fd, int n) {
+#endif
+  GPR_ASSERT(gpr_atm_no_barrier_fetch_add(&fd->refst, n) > 0);
+}
+
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+static void unref_by(grpc_fd* fd, int n, const char* reason, const char* file,
+                     int line) {
+  if (grpc_trace_fd_refcount.enabled()) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG,
+            "FD %d %p unref %d %" PRIdPTR " -> %" PRIdPTR " [%s; %s:%d]",
+            fd->fd, fd, n, gpr_atm_no_barrier_load(&fd->refst),
+            gpr_atm_no_barrier_load(&fd->refst) - n, reason, file, line);
+  }
+#else
+static void unref_by(grpc_fd* fd, int n) {
+#endif
+  gpr_atm old = gpr_atm_full_fetch_add(&fd->refst, -n);
+  if (old == n) {
+    gpr_mu_destroy(&fd->mu);
+    grpc_iomgr_unregister_object(&fd->iomgr_object);
+    if (fd->shutdown) GRPC_ERROR_UNREF(fd->shutdown_error);
+    gpr_free(fd);
+  } else {
+    GPR_ASSERT(old > n);
+  }
+}
+
+static grpc_fd* fd_create(int fd, const char* name) {
+  grpc_fd* r = static_cast<grpc_fd*>(gpr_malloc(sizeof(*r)));
+  gpr_mu_init(&r->mu);
+  gpr_atm_rel_store(&r->refst, 1);
+  r->shutdown = 0;
+  r->read_closure = CLOSURE_NOT_READY;
+  r->write_closure = CLOSURE_NOT_READY;
+  r->fd = fd;
+  r->inactive_watcher_root.next = r->inactive_watcher_root.prev =
+      &r->inactive_watcher_root;
+  r->read_watcher = r->write_watcher = nullptr;
+  r->on_done_closure = nullptr;
+  r->closed = 0;
+  r->released = 0;
+  gpr_atm_no_barrier_store(&r->pollhup, 0);
+  r->read_notifier_pollset = nullptr;
+
+  char* name2;
+  gpr_asprintf(&name2, "%s fd=%d", name, fd);
+  grpc_iomgr_register_object(&r->iomgr_object, name2);
+  gpr_free(name2);
+  return r;
+}
+
+static bool fd_is_orphaned(grpc_fd* fd) {
+  return (gpr_atm_acq_load(&fd->refst) & 1) == 0;
+}
+
+/* Return the read-notifier pollset */
+static grpc_pollset* fd_get_read_notifier_pollset(grpc_fd* fd) {
+  grpc_pollset* notifier = nullptr;
+
+  gpr_mu_lock(&fd->mu);
+  notifier = fd->read_notifier_pollset;
+  gpr_mu_unlock(&fd->mu);
+
+  return notifier;
+}
+
+static grpc_error* pollset_kick_locked(grpc_fd_watcher* watcher) {
+  gpr_mu_lock(&watcher->pollset->mu);
+  GPR_ASSERT(watcher->worker);
+  grpc_error* err = pollset_kick_ext(watcher->pollset, watcher->worker,
+                                     GRPC_POLLSET_REEVALUATE_POLLING_ON_WAKEUP);
+  gpr_mu_unlock(&watcher->pollset->mu);
+  return err;
+}
+
+static void maybe_wake_one_watcher_locked(grpc_fd* fd) {
+  if (fd->inactive_watcher_root.next != &fd->inactive_watcher_root) {
+    pollset_kick_locked(fd->inactive_watcher_root.next);
+  } else if (fd->read_watcher) {
+    pollset_kick_locked(fd->read_watcher);
+  } else if (fd->write_watcher) {
+    pollset_kick_locked(fd->write_watcher);
+  }
+}
+
+static void wake_all_watchers_locked(grpc_fd* fd) {
+  grpc_fd_watcher* watcher;
+  for (watcher = fd->inactive_watcher_root.next;
+       watcher != &fd->inactive_watcher_root; watcher = watcher->next) {
+    pollset_kick_locked(watcher);
+  }
+  if (fd->read_watcher) {
+    pollset_kick_locked(fd->read_watcher);
+  }
+  if (fd->write_watcher && fd->write_watcher != fd->read_watcher) {
+    pollset_kick_locked(fd->write_watcher);
+  }
+}
+
+static int has_watchers(grpc_fd* fd) {
+  return fd->read_watcher != nullptr || fd->write_watcher != nullptr ||
+         fd->inactive_watcher_root.next != &fd->inactive_watcher_root;
+}
+
+static void close_fd_locked(grpc_fd* fd) {
+  fd->closed = 1;
+  if (!fd->released) {
+    close(fd->fd);
+  }
+  GRPC_CLOSURE_SCHED(fd->on_done_closure, GRPC_ERROR_NONE);
+}
+
+static int fd_wrapped_fd(grpc_fd* fd) {
+  if (fd->released || fd->closed) {
+    return -1;
+  } else {
+    return fd->fd;
+  }
+}
+
+static void fd_orphan(grpc_fd* fd, grpc_closure* on_done, int* release_fd,
+                      bool already_closed, const char* reason) {
+  fd->on_done_closure = on_done;
+  fd->released = release_fd != nullptr;
+  if (release_fd != nullptr) {
+    *release_fd = fd->fd;
+    fd->released = true;
+  } else if (already_closed) {
+    fd->released = true;
+  }
+  gpr_mu_lock(&fd->mu);
+  REF_BY(fd, 1, reason); /* remove active status, but keep referenced */
+  if (!has_watchers(fd)) {
+    close_fd_locked(fd);
+  } else {
+    wake_all_watchers_locked(fd);
+  }
+  gpr_mu_unlock(&fd->mu);
+  UNREF_BY(fd, 2, reason); /* drop the reference */
+}
+
+/* increment refcount by two to avoid changing the orphan bit */
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+static void fd_ref(grpc_fd* fd, const char* reason, const char* file,
+                   int line) {
+  ref_by(fd, 2, reason, file, line);
+}
+
+static void fd_unref(grpc_fd* fd, const char* reason, const char* file,
+                     int line) {
+  unref_by(fd, 2, reason, file, line);
+}
+#else
+static void fd_ref(grpc_fd* fd) { ref_by(fd, 2); }
+
+static void fd_unref(grpc_fd* fd) { unref_by(fd, 2); }
+#endif
+
+static grpc_error* fd_shutdown_error(grpc_fd* fd) {
+  if (!fd->shutdown) {
+    return GRPC_ERROR_NONE;
+  } else {
+    return grpc_error_set_int(GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_REFERENCING_FROM_STATIC_STRING(
+                                  "FD shutdown", &fd->shutdown_error, 1),
+                              GRPC_ERROR_INT_GRPC_STATUS,
+                              GRPC_STATUS_UNAVAILABLE);
+  }
+}
+
+static void notify_on_locked(grpc_fd* fd, grpc_closure** st,
+                             grpc_closure* closure) {
+  if (fd->shutdown || gpr_atm_no_barrier_load(&fd->pollhup)) {
+    GRPC_CLOSURE_SCHED(
+        closure, grpc_error_set_int(
+                     GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_STATIC_STRING("FD shutdown"),
+                     GRPC_ERROR_INT_GRPC_STATUS, GRPC_STATUS_UNAVAILABLE));
+  } else if (*st == CLOSURE_NOT_READY) {
+    /* not ready ==> switch to a waiting state by setting the closure */
+    *st = closure;
+  } else if (*st == CLOSURE_READY) {
+    /* already ready ==> queue the closure to run immediately */
+    *st = CLOSURE_NOT_READY;
+    GRPC_CLOSURE_SCHED(closure, fd_shutdown_error(fd));
+    maybe_wake_one_watcher_locked(fd);
+  } else {
+    /* upcallptr was set to a different closure.  This is an error! */
+    gpr_log(GPR_ERROR,
+            "User called a notify_on function with a previous callback still "
+            "pending");
+    abort();
+  }
+}
+
+/* returns 1 if state becomes not ready */
+static int set_ready_locked(grpc_fd* fd, grpc_closure** st) {
+  if (*st == CLOSURE_READY) {
+    /* duplicate ready ==> ignore */
+    return 0;
+  } else if (*st == CLOSURE_NOT_READY) {
+    /* not ready, and not waiting ==> flag ready */
+    *st = CLOSURE_READY;
+    return 0;
+  } else {
+    /* waiting ==> queue closure */
+    GRPC_CLOSURE_SCHED(*st, fd_shutdown_error(fd));
+    *st = CLOSURE_NOT_READY;
+    return 1;
+  }
+}
+
+static void set_read_notifier_pollset_locked(
+    grpc_fd* fd, grpc_pollset* read_notifier_pollset) {
+  fd->read_notifier_pollset = read_notifier_pollset;
+}
+
+static void fd_shutdown(grpc_fd* fd, grpc_error* why) {
+  gpr_mu_lock(&fd->mu);
+  /* only shutdown once */
+  if (!fd->shutdown) {
+    fd->shutdown = 1;
+    fd->shutdown_error = why;
+    /* signal read/write closed to OS so that future operations fail */
+    shutdown(fd->fd, SHUT_RDWR);
+    set_ready_locked(fd, &fd->read_closure);
+    set_ready_locked(fd, &fd->write_closure);
+  } else {
+    GRPC_ERROR_UNREF(why);
+  }
+  gpr_mu_unlock(&fd->mu);
+}
+
+static bool fd_is_shutdown(grpc_fd* fd) {
+  gpr_mu_lock(&fd->mu);
+  bool r = fd->shutdown;
+  gpr_mu_unlock(&fd->mu);
+  return r;
+}
+
+static void fd_notify_on_read(grpc_fd* fd, grpc_closure* closure) {
+  gpr_mu_lock(&fd->mu);
+  notify_on_locked(fd, &fd->read_closure, closure);
+  gpr_mu_unlock(&fd->mu);
+}
+
+static void fd_notify_on_write(grpc_fd* fd, grpc_closure* closure) {
+  gpr_mu_lock(&fd->mu);
+  notify_on_locked(fd, &fd->write_closure, closure);
+  gpr_mu_unlock(&fd->mu);
+}
+
+static uint32_t fd_begin_poll(grpc_fd* fd, grpc_pollset* pollset,
+                              grpc_pollset_worker* worker, uint32_t read_mask,
+                              uint32_t write_mask, grpc_fd_watcher* watcher) {
+  uint32_t mask = 0;
+  grpc_closure* cur;
+  int requested;
+  /* keep track of pollers that have requested our events, in case they change
+   */
+  GRPC_FD_REF(fd, "poll");
+
+  gpr_mu_lock(&fd->mu);
+
+  /* if we are shutdown, then don't add to the watcher set */
+  if (fd->shutdown) {
+    watcher->fd = nullptr;
+    watcher->pollset = nullptr;
+    watcher->worker = nullptr;
+    gpr_mu_unlock(&fd->mu);
+    GRPC_FD_UNREF(fd, "poll");
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  /* if there is nobody polling for read, but we need to, then start doing so */
+  cur = fd->read_closure;
+  requested = cur != CLOSURE_READY;
+  if (read_mask && fd->read_watcher == nullptr && requested) {
+    fd->read_watcher = watcher;
+    mask |= read_mask;
+  }
+  /* if there is nobody polling for write, but we need to, then start doing so
+   */
+  cur = fd->write_closure;
+  requested = cur != CLOSURE_READY;
+  if (write_mask && fd->write_watcher == nullptr && requested) {
+    fd->write_watcher = watcher;
+    mask |= write_mask;
+  }
+  /* if not polling, remember this watcher in case we need someone to later */
+  if (mask == 0 && worker != nullptr) {
+    watcher->next = &fd->inactive_watcher_root;
+    watcher->prev = watcher->next->prev;
+    watcher->next->prev = watcher->prev->next = watcher;
+  }
+  watcher->pollset = pollset;
+  watcher->worker = worker;
+  watcher->fd = fd;
+  gpr_mu_unlock(&fd->mu);
+
+  return mask;
+}
+
+static void fd_end_poll(grpc_fd_watcher* watcher, int got_read, int got_write,
+                        grpc_pollset* read_notifier_pollset) {
+  int was_polling = 0;
+  int kick = 0;
+  grpc_fd* fd = watcher->fd;
+
+  if (fd == nullptr) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  gpr_mu_lock(&fd->mu);
+
+  if (watcher == fd->read_watcher) {
+    /* remove read watcher, kick if we still need a read */
+    was_polling = 1;
+    if (!got_read) {
+      kick = 1;
+    }
+    fd->read_watcher = nullptr;
+  }
+  if (watcher == fd->write_watcher) {
+    /* remove write watcher, kick if we still need a write */
+    was_polling = 1;
+    if (!got_write) {
+      kick = 1;
+    }
+    fd->write_watcher = nullptr;
+  }
+  if (!was_polling && watcher->worker != nullptr) {
+    /* remove from inactive list */
+    watcher->next->prev = watcher->prev;
+    watcher->prev->next = watcher->next;
+  }
+  if (got_read) {
+    if (set_ready_locked(fd, &fd->read_closure)) {
+      kick = 1;
+    }
+    if (read_notifier_pollset != nullptr) {
+      set_read_notifier_pollset_locked(fd, read_notifier_pollset);
+    }
+  }
+  if (got_write) {
+    if (set_ready_locked(fd, &fd->write_closure)) {
+      kick = 1;
+    }
+  }
+  if (kick) {
+    maybe_wake_one_watcher_locked(fd);
+  }
+  if (fd_is_orphaned(fd) && !has_watchers(fd) && !fd->closed) {
+    close_fd_locked(fd);
+  }
+  gpr_mu_unlock(&fd->mu);
+
+  GRPC_FD_UNREF(fd, "poll");
+}
+
+/*******************************************************************************
+ * pollset_posix.c
+ */
+
+GPR_TLS_DECL(g_current_thread_poller);
+GPR_TLS_DECL(g_current_thread_worker);
+
+static void remove_worker(grpc_pollset* p, grpc_pollset_worker* worker) {
+  worker->prev->next = worker->next;
+  worker->next->prev = worker->prev;
+}
+
+static bool pollset_has_workers(grpc_pollset* p) {
+  return p->root_worker.next != &p->root_worker;
+}
+
+static bool pollset_in_pollset_sets(grpc_pollset* p) {
+  return p->pollset_set_count;
+}
+
+static bool pollset_has_observers(grpc_pollset* p) {
+  return pollset_has_workers(p) || pollset_in_pollset_sets(p);
+}
+
+static grpc_pollset_worker* pop_front_worker(grpc_pollset* p) {
+  if (pollset_has_workers(p)) {
+    grpc_pollset_worker* w = p->root_worker.next;
+    remove_worker(p, w);
+    return w;
+  } else {
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+}
+
+static void push_back_worker(grpc_pollset* p, grpc_pollset_worker* worker) {
+  worker->next = &p->root_worker;
+  worker->prev = worker->next->prev;
+  worker->prev->next = worker->next->prev = worker;
+}
+
+static void push_front_worker(grpc_pollset* p, grpc_pollset_worker* worker) {
+  worker->prev = &p->root_worker;
+  worker->next = worker->prev->next;
+  worker->prev->next = worker->next->prev = worker;
+}
+
+static void kick_append_error(grpc_error** composite, grpc_error* error) {
+  if (error == GRPC_ERROR_NONE) return;
+  if (*composite == GRPC_ERROR_NONE) {
+    *composite = GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_STATIC_STRING("Kick Failure");
+  }
+  *composite = grpc_error_add_child(*composite, error);
+}
+
+static grpc_error* pollset_kick_ext(grpc_pollset* p,
+                                    grpc_pollset_worker* specific_worker,
+                                    uint32_t flags) {
+  GPR_TIMER_SCOPE("pollset_kick_ext", 0);
+  grpc_error* error = GRPC_ERROR_NONE;
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_POLLSET_KICK();
+
+  /* pollset->mu already held */
+  if (specific_worker != nullptr) {
+    if (specific_worker == GRPC_POLLSET_KICK_BROADCAST) {
+      GPR_TIMER_SCOPE("pollset_kick_ext.broadcast", 0);
+      GPR_ASSERT((flags & GRPC_POLLSET_REEVALUATE_POLLING_ON_WAKEUP) == 0);
+      for (specific_worker = p->root_worker.next;
+           specific_worker != &p->root_worker;
+           specific_worker = specific_worker->next) {
+        kick_append_error(
+            &error, grpc_wakeup_fd_wakeup(&specific_worker->wakeup_fd->fd));
+      }
+      p->kicked_without_pollers = true;
+    } else if (gpr_tls_get(&g_current_thread_worker) !=
+               (intptr_t)specific_worker) {
+      GPR_TIMER_MARK("different_thread_worker", 0);
+      if ((flags & GRPC_POLLSET_REEVALUATE_POLLING_ON_WAKEUP) != 0) {
+        specific_worker->reevaluate_polling_on_wakeup = true;
+      }
+      specific_worker->kicked_specifically = true;
+      kick_append_error(&error,
+                        grpc_wakeup_fd_wakeup(&specific_worker->wakeup_fd->fd));
+    } else if ((flags & GRPC_POLLSET_CAN_KICK_SELF) != 0) {
+      GPR_TIMER_MARK("kick_yoself", 0);
+      if ((flags & GRPC_POLLSET_REEVALUATE_POLLING_ON_WAKEUP) != 0) {
+        specific_worker->reevaluate_polling_on_wakeup = true;
+      }
+      specific_worker->kicked_specifically = true;
+      kick_append_error(&error,
+                        grpc_wakeup_fd_wakeup(&specific_worker->wakeup_fd->fd));
+    }
+  } else if (gpr_tls_get(&g_current_thread_poller) != (intptr_t)p) {
+    GPR_ASSERT((flags & GRPC_POLLSET_REEVALUATE_POLLING_ON_WAKEUP) == 0);
+    GPR_TIMER_MARK("kick_anonymous", 0);
+    specific_worker = pop_front_worker(p);
+    if (specific_worker != nullptr) {
+      if (gpr_tls_get(&g_current_thread_worker) == (intptr_t)specific_worker) {
+        GPR_TIMER_MARK("kick_anonymous_not_self", 0);
+        push_back_worker(p, specific_worker);
+        specific_worker = pop_front_worker(p);
+        if ((flags & GRPC_POLLSET_CAN_KICK_SELF) == 0 &&
+            gpr_tls_get(&g_current_thread_worker) ==
+                (intptr_t)specific_worker) {
+          push_back_worker(p, specific_worker);
+          specific_worker = nullptr;
+        }
+      }
+      if (specific_worker != nullptr) {
+        GPR_TIMER_MARK("finally_kick", 0);
+        push_back_worker(p, specific_worker);
+        kick_append_error(
+            &error, grpc_wakeup_fd_wakeup(&specific_worker->wakeup_fd->fd));
+      }
+    } else {
+      GPR_TIMER_MARK("kicked_no_pollers", 0);
+      p->kicked_without_pollers = true;
+    }
+  }
+
+  GRPC_LOG_IF_ERROR("pollset_kick_ext", GRPC_ERROR_REF(error));
+  return error;
+}
+
+static grpc_error* pollset_kick(grpc_pollset* p,
+                                grpc_pollset_worker* specific_worker) {
+  return pollset_kick_ext(p, specific_worker, 0);
+}
+
+/* global state management */
+
+static grpc_error* pollset_global_init(void) {
+  gpr_tls_init(&g_current_thread_poller);
+  gpr_tls_init(&g_current_thread_worker);
+  return GRPC_ERROR_NONE;
+}
+
+static void pollset_global_shutdown(void) {
+  gpr_tls_destroy(&g_current_thread_poller);
+  gpr_tls_destroy(&g_current_thread_worker);
+}
+
+/* main interface */
+
+static void pollset_init(grpc_pollset* pollset, gpr_mu** mu) {
+  gpr_mu_init(&pollset->mu);
+  *mu = &pollset->mu;
+  pollset->root_worker.next = pollset->root_worker.prev = &pollset->root_worker;
+  pollset->shutting_down = 0;
+  pollset->called_shutdown = 0;
+  pollset->kicked_without_pollers = 0;
+  pollset->local_wakeup_cache = nullptr;
+  pollset->kicked_without_pollers = 0;
+  pollset->fd_count = 0;
+  pollset->fd_capacity = 0;
+  pollset->fds = nullptr;
+  pollset->pollset_set_count = 0;
+}
+
+static void pollset_destroy(grpc_pollset* pollset) {
+  GPR_ASSERT(!pollset_has_workers(pollset));
+  while (pollset->local_wakeup_cache) {
+    grpc_cached_wakeup_fd* next = pollset->local_wakeup_cache->next;
+    grpc_wakeup_fd_destroy(&pollset->local_wakeup_cache->fd);
+    gpr_free(pollset->local_wakeup_cache);
+    pollset->local_wakeup_cache = next;
+  }
+  gpr_free(pollset->fds);
+  gpr_mu_destroy(&pollset->mu);
+}
+
+static void pollset_add_fd(grpc_pollset* pollset, grpc_fd* fd) {
+  gpr_mu_lock(&pollset->mu);
+  size_t i;
+  /* TODO(ctiller): this is O(num_fds^2); maybe switch to a hash set here */
+  for (i = 0; i < pollset->fd_count; i++) {
+    if (pollset->fds[i] == fd) goto exit;
+  }
+  if (pollset->fd_count == pollset->fd_capacity) {
+    pollset->fd_capacity =
+        GPR_MAX(pollset->fd_capacity + 8, pollset->fd_count * 3 / 2);
+    pollset->fds = static_cast<grpc_fd**>(
+        gpr_realloc(pollset->fds, sizeof(grpc_fd*) * pollset->fd_capacity));
+  }
+  pollset->fds[pollset->fd_count++] = fd;
+  GRPC_FD_REF(fd, "multipoller");
+  pollset_kick(pollset, nullptr);
+exit:
+  gpr_mu_unlock(&pollset->mu);
+}
+
+static void finish_shutdown(grpc_pollset* pollset) {
+  size_t i;
+  for (i = 0; i < pollset->fd_count; i++) {
+    GRPC_FD_UNREF(pollset->fds[i], "multipoller");
+  }
+  pollset->fd_count = 0;
+  GRPC_CLOSURE_SCHED(pollset->shutdown_done, GRPC_ERROR_NONE);
+}
+
+static void work_combine_error(grpc_error** composite, grpc_error* error) {
+  if (error == GRPC_ERROR_NONE) return;
+  if (*composite == GRPC_ERROR_NONE) {
+    *composite = GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_STATIC_STRING("pollset_work");
+  }
+  *composite = grpc_error_add_child(*composite, error);
+}
+
+static grpc_error* pollset_work(grpc_pollset* pollset,
+                                grpc_pollset_worker** worker_hdl,
+                                grpc_millis deadline) {
+  GPR_TIMER_SCOPE("pollset_work", 0);
+  grpc_pollset_worker worker;
+  if (worker_hdl) *worker_hdl = &worker;
+  grpc_error* error = GRPC_ERROR_NONE;
+
+  /* Avoid malloc for small number of elements. */
+  enum { inline_elements = 96 };
+  struct pollfd pollfd_space[inline_elements];
+  struct grpc_fd_watcher watcher_space[inline_elements];
+
+  /* pollset->mu already held */
+  int added_worker = 0;
+  int locked = 1;
+  int queued_work = 0;
+  int keep_polling = 0;
+  /* this must happen before we (potentially) drop pollset->mu */
+  worker.next = worker.prev = nullptr;
+  worker.reevaluate_polling_on_wakeup = 0;
+  if (pollset->local_wakeup_cache != nullptr) {
+    worker.wakeup_fd = pollset->local_wakeup_cache;
+    pollset->local_wakeup_cache = worker.wakeup_fd->next;
+  } else {
+    worker.wakeup_fd = static_cast<grpc_cached_wakeup_fd*>(
+        gpr_malloc(sizeof(*worker.wakeup_fd)));
+    error = grpc_wakeup_fd_init(&worker.wakeup_fd->fd);
+    if (error != GRPC_ERROR_NONE) {
+      GRPC_LOG_IF_ERROR("pollset_work", GRPC_ERROR_REF(error));
+      return error;
+    }
+  }
+  worker.kicked_specifically = 0;
+  /* If we're shutting down then we don't execute any extended work */
+  if (pollset->shutting_down) {
+    GPR_TIMER_MARK("pollset_work.shutting_down", 0);
+    goto done;
+  }
+  /* Start polling, and keep doing so while we're being asked to
+     re-evaluate our pollers (this allows poll() based pollers to
+     ensure they don't miss wakeups) */
+  keep_polling = 1;
+  gpr_tls_set(&g_current_thread_poller, (intptr_t)pollset);
+  while (keep_polling) {
+    keep_polling = 0;
+    if (!pollset->kicked_without_pollers ||
+        deadline <= grpc_core::ExecCtx::Get()->Now()) {
+      if (!added_worker) {
+        push_front_worker(pollset, &worker);
+        added_worker = 1;
+        gpr_tls_set(&g_current_thread_worker, (intptr_t)&worker);
+      }
+      GPR_TIMER_SCOPE("maybe_work_and_unlock", 0);
+#define POLLOUT_CHECK (POLLOUT | POLLHUP | POLLERR)
+#define POLLIN_CHECK (POLLIN | POLLHUP | POLLERR)
+
+      int timeout;
+      int r;
+      size_t i, fd_count;
+      nfds_t pfd_count;
+      grpc_fd_watcher* watchers;
+      struct pollfd* pfds;
+
+      timeout = poll_deadline_to_millis_timeout(deadline);
+
+      if (pollset->fd_count + 2 <= inline_elements) {
+        pfds = pollfd_space;
+        watchers = watcher_space;
+      } else {
+        /* Allocate one buffer to hold both pfds and watchers arrays */
+        const size_t pfd_size = sizeof(*pfds) * (pollset->fd_count + 2);
+        const size_t watch_size = sizeof(*watchers) * (pollset->fd_count + 2);
+        void* buf = gpr_malloc(pfd_size + watch_size);
+        pfds = static_cast<struct pollfd*>(buf);
+        watchers = static_cast<grpc_fd_watcher*>(
+            (void*)(static_cast<char*>(buf) + pfd_size));
+      }
+
+      fd_count = 0;
+      pfd_count = 1;
+      pfds[0].fd = GRPC_WAKEUP_FD_GET_READ_FD(&worker.wakeup_fd->fd);
+      pfds[0].events = POLLIN;
+      pfds[0].revents = 0;
+      for (i = 0; i < pollset->fd_count; i++) {
+        if (fd_is_orphaned(pollset->fds[i]) ||
+            gpr_atm_no_barrier_load(&pollset->fds[i]->pollhup) == 1) {
+          GRPC_FD_UNREF(pollset->fds[i], "multipoller");
+        } else {
+          pollset->fds[fd_count++] = pollset->fds[i];
+          watchers[pfd_count].fd = pollset->fds[i];
+          GRPC_FD_REF(watchers[pfd_count].fd, "multipoller_start");
+          pfds[pfd_count].fd = pollset->fds[i]->fd;
+          pfds[pfd_count].revents = 0;
+          pfd_count++;
+        }
+      }
+      pollset->fd_count = fd_count;
+      gpr_mu_unlock(&pollset->mu);
+
+      for (i = 1; i < pfd_count; i++) {
+        grpc_fd* fd = watchers[i].fd;
+        pfds[i].events = static_cast<short>(
+            fd_begin_poll(fd, pollset, &worker, POLLIN, POLLOUT, &watchers[i]));
+        GRPC_FD_UNREF(fd, "multipoller_start");
+      }
+
+      /* TODO(vpai): Consider first doing a 0 timeout poll here to avoid
+         even going into the blocking annotation if possible */
+      GRPC_SCHEDULING_START_BLOCKING_REGION;
+      GRPC_STATS_INC_SYSCALL_POLL();
+      r = grpc_poll_function(pfds, pfd_count, timeout);
+      GRPC_SCHEDULING_END_BLOCKING_REGION;
+
+      if (grpc_polling_trace.enabled()) {
+        gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "%p poll=%d", pollset, r);
+      }
+
+      if (r < 0) {
+        if (errno != EINTR) {
+          work_combine_error(&error, GRPC_OS_ERROR(errno, "poll"));
+        }
+
+        for (i = 1; i < pfd_count; i++) {
+          if (watchers[i].fd == nullptr) {
+            fd_end_poll(&watchers[i], 0, 0, nullptr);
+          } else {
+            // Wake up all the file descriptors, if we have an invalid one
+            // we can identify it on the next pollset_work()
+            fd_end_poll(&watchers[i], 1, 1, pollset);
+          }
+        }
+      } else if (r == 0) {
+        for (i = 1; i < pfd_count; i++) {
+          fd_end_poll(&watchers[i], 0, 0, nullptr);
+        }
+      } else {
+        if (pfds[0].revents & POLLIN_CHECK) {
+          if (grpc_polling_trace.enabled()) {
+            gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "%p: got_wakeup", pollset);
+          }
+          work_combine_error(
+              &error, grpc_wakeup_fd_consume_wakeup(&worker.wakeup_fd->fd));
+        }
+        for (i = 1; i < pfd_count; i++) {
+          if (watchers[i].fd == nullptr) {
+            fd_end_poll(&watchers[i], 0, 0, nullptr);
+          } else {
+            if (grpc_polling_trace.enabled()) {
+              gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG, "%p got_event: %d r:%d w:%d [%d]", pollset,
+                      pfds[i].fd, (pfds[i].revents & POLLIN_CHECK) != 0,
+                      (pfds[i].revents & POLLOUT_CHECK) != 0, pfds[i].revents);
+            }
+            /* This is a mitigation to prevent poll() from spinning on a
+             ** POLLHUP https://github.com/grpc/grpc/pull/13665
+             */
+            if (pfds[i].revents & POLLHUP) {
+              gpr_atm_no_barrier_store(&watchers[i].fd->pollhup, 1);
+            }
+            fd_end_poll(&watchers[i], pfds[i].revents & POLLIN_CHECK,
+                        pfds[i].revents & POLLOUT_CHECK, pollset);
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      if (pfds != pollfd_space) {
+        /* pfds and watchers are in the same memory block pointed to by pfds */
+        gpr_free(pfds);
+      }
+
+      locked = 0;
+    } else {
+      GPR_TIMER_MARK("pollset_work.kicked_without_pollers", 0);
+      pollset->kicked_without_pollers = 0;
+    }
+  /* Finished execution - start cleaning up.
+     Note that we may arrive here from outside the enclosing while() loop.
+     In that case we won't loop though as we haven't added worker to the
+     worker list, which means nobody could ask us to re-evaluate polling). */
+  done:
+    if (!locked) {
+      queued_work |= grpc_core::ExecCtx::Get()->Flush();
+      gpr_mu_lock(&pollset->mu);
+      locked = 1;
+    }
+    /* If we're forced to re-evaluate polling (via pollset_kick with
+       GRPC_POLLSET_REEVALUATE_POLLING_ON_WAKEUP) then we land here and force
+       a loop */
+    if (worker.reevaluate_polling_on_wakeup && error == GRPC_ERROR_NONE) {
+      worker.reevaluate_polling_on_wakeup = 0;
+      pollset->kicked_without_pollers = 0;
+      if (queued_work || worker.kicked_specifically) {
+        /* If there's queued work on the list, then set the deadline to be
+           immediate so we get back out of the polling loop quickly */
+        deadline = 0;
+      }
+      keep_polling = 1;
+    }
+  }
+  gpr_tls_set(&g_current_thread_poller, 0);
+  if (added_worker) {
+    remove_worker(pollset, &worker);
+    gpr_tls_set(&g_current_thread_worker, 0);
+  }
+  /* release wakeup fd to the local pool */
+  worker.wakeup_fd->next = pollset->local_wakeup_cache;
+  pollset->local_wakeup_cache = worker.wakeup_fd;
+  /* check shutdown conditions */
+  if (pollset->shutting_down) {
+    if (pollset_has_workers(pollset)) {
+      pollset_kick(pollset, nullptr);
+    } else if (!pollset->called_shutdown && !pollset_has_observers(pollset)) {
+      pollset->called_shutdown = 1;
+      gpr_mu_unlock(&pollset->mu);
+      finish_shutdown(pollset);
+      grpc_core::ExecCtx::Get()->Flush();
+      /* Continuing to access pollset here is safe -- it is the caller's
+       * responsibility to not destroy when it has outstanding calls to
+       * pollset_work.
+       * TODO(dklempner): Can we refactor the shutdown logic to avoid this? */
+      gpr_mu_lock(&pollset->mu);
+    }
+  }
+  if (worker_hdl) *worker_hdl = nullptr;
+  GRPC_LOG_IF_ERROR("pollset_work", GRPC_ERROR_REF(error));
+  return error;
+}
+
+static void pollset_shutdown(grpc_pollset* pollset, grpc_closure* closure) {
+  GPR_ASSERT(!pollset->shutting_down);
+  pollset->shutting_down = 1;
+  pollset->shutdown_done = closure;
+  pollset_kick(pollset, GRPC_POLLSET_KICK_BROADCAST);
+  if (!pollset->called_shutdown && !pollset_has_observers(pollset)) {
+    pollset->called_shutdown = 1;
+    finish_shutdown(pollset);
+  }
+}
+
+static int poll_deadline_to_millis_timeout(grpc_millis deadline) {
+  if (deadline == GRPC_MILLIS_INF_FUTURE) return -1;
+  if (deadline == 0) return 0;
+  grpc_millis n = deadline - grpc_core::ExecCtx::Get()->Now();
+  if (n < 0) return 0;
+  if (n > INT_MAX) return -1;
+  return static_cast<int>(n);
+}
+
+/*******************************************************************************
+ * pollset_set_posix.c
+ */
+
+static grpc_pollset_set* pollset_set_create(void) {
+  grpc_pollset_set* pollset_set =
+      static_cast<grpc_pollset_set*>(gpr_zalloc(sizeof(*pollset_set)));
+  gpr_mu_init(&pollset_set->mu);
+  return pollset_set;
+}
+
+static void pollset_set_destroy(grpc_pollset_set* pollset_set) {
+  size_t i;
+  gpr_mu_destroy(&pollset_set->mu);
+  for (i = 0; i < pollset_set->fd_count; i++) {
+    GRPC_FD_UNREF(pollset_set->fds[i], "pollset_set");
+  }
+  for (i = 0; i < pollset_set->pollset_count; i++) {
+    grpc_pollset* pollset = pollset_set->pollsets[i];
+    gpr_mu_lock(&pollset->mu);
+    pollset->pollset_set_count--;
+    /* check shutdown */
+    if (pollset->shutting_down && !pollset->called_shutdown &&
+        !pollset_has_observers(pollset)) {
+      pollset->called_shutdown = 1;
+      gpr_mu_unlock(&pollset->mu);
+      finish_shutdown(pollset);
+    } else {
+      gpr_mu_unlock(&pollset->mu);
+    }
+  }
+  gpr_free(pollset_set->pollsets);
+  gpr_free(pollset_set->pollset_sets);
+  gpr_free(pollset_set->fds);
+  gpr_free(pollset_set);
+}
+
+static void pollset_set_add_pollset(grpc_pollset_set* pollset_set,
+                                    grpc_pollset* pollset) {
+  size_t i, j;
+  gpr_mu_lock(&pollset->mu);
+  pollset->pollset_set_count++;
+  gpr_mu_unlock(&pollset->mu);
+  gpr_mu_lock(&pollset_set->mu);
+  if (pollset_set->pollset_count == pollset_set->pollset_capacity) {
+    pollset_set->pollset_capacity =
+        GPR_MAX(8, 2 * pollset_set->pollset_capacity);
+    pollset_set->pollsets = static_cast<grpc_pollset**>(gpr_realloc(
+        pollset_set->pollsets,
+        pollset_set->pollset_capacity * sizeof(*pollset_set->pollsets)));
+  }
+  pollset_set->pollsets[pollset_set->pollset_count++] = pollset;
+  for (i = 0, j = 0; i < pollset_set->fd_count; i++) {
+    if (fd_is_orphaned(pollset_set->fds[i])) {
+      GRPC_FD_UNREF(pollset_set->fds[i], "pollset_set");
+    } else {
+      pollset_add_fd(pollset, pollset_set->fds[i]);
+      pollset_set->fds[j++] = pollset_set->fds[i];
+    }
+  }
+  pollset_set->fd_count = j;
+  gpr_mu_unlock(&pollset_set->mu);
+}
+
+static void pollset_set_del_pollset(grpc_pollset_set* pollset_set,
+                                    grpc_pollset* pollset) {
+  size_t i;
+  gpr_mu_lock(&pollset_set->mu);
+  for (i = 0; i < pollset_set->pollset_count; i++) {
+    if (pollset_set->pollsets[i] == pollset) {
+      pollset_set->pollset_count--;
+      GPR_SWAP(grpc_pollset*, pollset_set->pollsets[i],
+               pollset_set->pollsets[pollset_set->pollset_count]);
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+  gpr_mu_unlock(&pollset_set->mu);
+  gpr_mu_lock(&pollset->mu);
+  pollset->pollset_set_count--;
+  /* check shutdown */
+  if (pollset->shutting_down && !pollset->called_shutdown &&
+      !pollset_has_observers(pollset)) {
+    pollset->called_shutdown = 1;
+    gpr_mu_unlock(&pollset->mu);
+    finish_shutdown(pollset);
+  } else {
+    gpr_mu_unlock(&pollset->mu);
+  }
+}
+
+static void pollset_set_add_pollset_set(grpc_pollset_set* bag,
+                                        grpc_pollset_set* item) {
+  size_t i, j;
+  gpr_mu_lock(&bag->mu);
+  if (bag->pollset_set_count == bag->pollset_set_capacity) {
+    bag->pollset_set_capacity = GPR_MAX(8, 2 * bag->pollset_set_capacity);
+    bag->pollset_sets = static_cast<grpc_pollset_set**>(
+        gpr_realloc(bag->pollset_sets,
+                    bag->pollset_set_capacity * sizeof(*bag->pollset_sets)));
+  }
+  bag->pollset_sets[bag->pollset_set_count++] = item;
+  for (i = 0, j = 0; i < bag->fd_count; i++) {
+    if (fd_is_orphaned(bag->fds[i])) {
+      GRPC_FD_UNREF(bag->fds[i], "pollset_set");
+    } else {
+      pollset_set_add_fd(item, bag->fds[i]);
+      bag->fds[j++] = bag->fds[i];
+    }
+  }
+  bag->fd_count = j;
+  gpr_mu_unlock(&bag->mu);
+}
+
+static void pollset_set_del_pollset_set(grpc_pollset_set* bag,
+                                        grpc_pollset_set* item) {
+  size_t i;
+  gpr_mu_lock(&bag->mu);
+  for (i = 0; i < bag->pollset_set_count; i++) {
+    if (bag->pollset_sets[i] == item) {
+      bag->pollset_set_count--;
+      GPR_SWAP(grpc_pollset_set*, bag->pollset_sets[i],
+               bag->pollset_sets[bag->pollset_set_count]);
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+  gpr_mu_unlock(&bag->mu);
+}
+
+static void pollset_set_add_fd(grpc_pollset_set* pollset_set, grpc_fd* fd) {
+  size_t i;
+  gpr_mu_lock(&pollset_set->mu);
+  if (pollset_set->fd_count == pollset_set->fd_capacity) {
+    pollset_set->fd_capacity = GPR_MAX(8, 2 * pollset_set->fd_capacity);
+    pollset_set->fds = static_cast<grpc_fd**>(
+        gpr_realloc(pollset_set->fds,
+                    pollset_set->fd_capacity * sizeof(*pollset_set->fds)));
+  }
+  GRPC_FD_REF(fd, "pollset_set");
+  pollset_set->fds[pollset_set->fd_count++] = fd;
+  for (i = 0; i < pollset_set->pollset_count; i++) {
+    pollset_add_fd(pollset_set->pollsets[i], fd);
+  }
+  for (i = 0; i < pollset_set->pollset_set_count; i++) {
+    pollset_set_add_fd(pollset_set->pollset_sets[i], fd);
+  }
+  gpr_mu_unlock(&pollset_set->mu);
+}
+
+static void pollset_set_del_fd(grpc_pollset_set* pollset_set, grpc_fd* fd) {
+  size_t i;
+  gpr_mu_lock(&pollset_set->mu);
+  for (i = 0; i < pollset_set->fd_count; i++) {
+    if (pollset_set->fds[i] == fd) {
+      pollset_set->fd_count--;
+      GPR_SWAP(grpc_fd*, pollset_set->fds[i],
+               pollset_set->fds[pollset_set->fd_count]);
+      GRPC_FD_UNREF(fd, "pollset_set");
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+  for (i = 0; i < pollset_set->pollset_set_count; i++) {
+    pollset_set_del_fd(pollset_set->pollset_sets[i], fd);
+  }
+  gpr_mu_unlock(&pollset_set->mu);
+}
+
+/*******************************************************************************
+ * Condition Variable polling extensions
+ */
+
+static void run_poll(void* args);
+static void cache_poller_locked(poll_args* args);
+static void cache_harvest_locked();
+
+static void cache_insert_locked(poll_args* args) {
+  uint32_t key = gpr_murmur_hash3(args->fds, args->nfds * sizeof(struct pollfd),
+                                  0xDEADBEEF);
+  key = key % poll_cache.size;
+  if (poll_cache.active_pollers[key]) {
+    poll_cache.active_pollers[key]->prev = args;
+  }
+  args->next = poll_cache.active_pollers[key];
+  args->prev = nullptr;
+  poll_cache.active_pollers[key] = args;
+  poll_cache.count++;
+}
+
+static void init_result(poll_args* pargs) {
+  pargs->result = static_cast<poll_result*>(gpr_malloc(sizeof(poll_result)));
+  gpr_ref_init(&pargs->result->refcount, 1);
+  pargs->result->watchers = nullptr;
+  pargs->result->watchcount = 0;
+  pargs->result->fds = static_cast<struct pollfd*>(
+      gpr_malloc(sizeof(struct pollfd) * pargs->nfds));
+  memcpy(pargs->result->fds, pargs->fds, sizeof(struct pollfd) * pargs->nfds);
+  pargs->result->nfds = pargs->nfds;
+  pargs->result->retval = 0;
+  pargs->result->err = 0;
+  pargs->result->completed = 0;
+}
+
+// Creates a poll_args object for a given arguments to poll().
+// This object may return a poll_args in the cache.
+static poll_args* get_poller_locked(struct pollfd* fds, nfds_t count) {
+  uint32_t key =
+      gpr_murmur_hash3(fds, count * sizeof(struct pollfd), 0xDEADBEEF);
+  key = key % poll_cache.size;
+  poll_args* curr = poll_cache.active_pollers[key];
+  while (curr) {
+    if (curr->nfds == count &&
+        memcmp(curr->fds, fds, count * sizeof(struct pollfd)) == 0) {
+      gpr_free(fds);
+      return curr;
+    }
+    curr = curr->next;
+  }
+
+  if (poll_cache.free_pollers) {
+    poll_args* pargs = poll_cache.free_pollers;
+    poll_cache.free_pollers = pargs->next;
+    if (poll_cache.free_pollers) {
+      poll_cache.free_pollers->prev = nullptr;
+    }
+    pargs->fds = fds;
+    pargs->nfds = count;
+    pargs->next = nullptr;
+    pargs->prev = nullptr;
+    init_result(pargs);
+    cache_poller_locked(pargs);
+    return pargs;
+  }
+
+  poll_args* pargs =
+      static_cast<poll_args*>(gpr_malloc(sizeof(struct poll_args)));
+  gpr_cv_init(&pargs->trigger);
+  gpr_cv_init(&pargs->harvest);
+  gpr_cv_init(&pargs->join);
+  pargs->harvestable = false;
+  pargs->joinable = false;
+  pargs->fds = fds;
+  pargs->nfds = count;
+  pargs->next = nullptr;
+  pargs->prev = nullptr;
+  pargs->trigger_set = 0;
+  init_result(pargs);
+  cache_poller_locked(pargs);
+  gpr_ref(&g_cvfds.pollcount);
+  pargs->poller_thd = grpc_core::Thread("grpc_poller", &run_poll, pargs);
+  pargs->poller_thd.Start();
+  return pargs;
+}
+
+static void cache_delete_locked(poll_args* args) {
+  if (!args->prev) {
+    uint32_t key = gpr_murmur_hash3(
+        args->fds, args->nfds * sizeof(struct pollfd), 0xDEADBEEF);
+    key = key % poll_cache.size;
+    GPR_ASSERT(poll_cache.active_pollers[key] == args);
+    poll_cache.active_pollers[key] = args->next;
+  } else {
+    args->prev->next = args->next;
+  }
+
+  if (args->next) {
+    args->next->prev = args->prev;
+  }
+
+  poll_cache.count--;
+  if (poll_cache.free_pollers) {
+    poll_cache.free_pollers->prev = args;
+  }
+  args->prev = nullptr;
+  args->next = poll_cache.free_pollers;
+  gpr_free(args->fds);
+  poll_cache.free_pollers = args;
+}
+
+static void cache_poller_locked(poll_args* args) {
+  if (poll_cache.count + 1 > poll_cache.size / 2) {
+    poll_args** old_active_pollers = poll_cache.active_pollers;
+    poll_cache.size = poll_cache.size * 2;
+    poll_cache.count = 0;
+    poll_cache.active_pollers =
+        static_cast<poll_args**>(gpr_malloc(sizeof(void*) * poll_cache.size));
+    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < poll_cache.size; i++) {
+      poll_cache.active_pollers[i] = nullptr;
+    }
+    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < poll_cache.size / 2; i++) {
+      poll_args* curr = old_active_pollers[i];
+      poll_args* next = nullptr;
+      while (curr) {
+        next = curr->next;
+        cache_insert_locked(curr);
+        curr = next;
+      }
+    }
+    gpr_free(old_active_pollers);
+  }
+
+  cache_insert_locked(args);
+}
+
+static void cache_destroy_locked(poll_args* args) {
+  if (args->next) {
+    args->next->prev = args->prev;
+  }
+
+  if (args->prev) {
+    args->prev->next = args->next;
+  } else {
+    poll_cache.free_pollers = args->next;
+  }
+
+  // Now move this args to the dead poller list for later join
+  if (poll_cache.dead_pollers != nullptr) {
+    poll_cache.dead_pollers->prev = args;
+  }
+  args->prev = nullptr;
+  args->next = poll_cache.dead_pollers;
+  poll_cache.dead_pollers = args;
+}
+
+static void cache_harvest_locked() {
+  while (poll_cache.dead_pollers) {
+    poll_args* args = poll_cache.dead_pollers;
+    poll_cache.dead_pollers = poll_cache.dead_pollers->next;
+    // Keep the list consistent in case new dead pollers get added when we
+    // release the lock below to wait on joining
+    if (poll_cache.dead_pollers) {
+      poll_cache.dead_pollers->prev = nullptr;
+    }
+    args->harvestable = true;
+    gpr_cv_signal(&args->harvest);
+    while (!args->joinable) {
+      gpr_cv_wait(&args->join, &g_cvfds.mu,
+                  gpr_inf_future(GPR_CLOCK_MONOTONIC));
+    }
+    args->poller_thd.Join();
+    gpr_free(args);
+  }
+}
+
+static void decref_poll_result(poll_result* res) {
+  if (gpr_unref(&res->refcount)) {
+    GPR_ASSERT(!res->watchers);
+    gpr_free(res->fds);
+    gpr_free(res);
+  }
+}
+
+void remove_cvn(grpc_cv_node** head, grpc_cv_node* target) {
+  if (target->next) {
+    target->next->prev = target->prev;
+  }
+
+  if (target->prev) {
+    target->prev->next = target->next;
+  } else {
+    *head = target->next;
+  }
+}
+
+gpr_timespec thread_grace;
+
+// Poll in a background thread
+static void run_poll(void* args) {
+  poll_args* pargs = static_cast<poll_args*>(args);
+  while (1) {
+    poll_result* result = pargs->result;
+    int retval = g_cvfds.poll(result->fds, result->nfds, CV_POLL_PERIOD_MS);
+    gpr_mu_lock(&g_cvfds.mu);
+    cache_harvest_locked();
+    if (retval != 0) {
+      result->completed = 1;
+      result->retval = retval;
+      result->err = errno;
+      grpc_cv_node* watcher = result->watchers;
+      while (watcher) {
+        gpr_cv_signal(watcher->cv);
+        watcher = watcher->next;
+      }
+    }
+    if (result->watchcount == 0 || result->completed) {
+      cache_delete_locked(pargs);
+      decref_poll_result(result);
+      // Leave this polling thread alive for a grace period to do another poll()
+      // op
+      gpr_timespec deadline = gpr_now(GPR_CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
+      deadline = gpr_time_add(deadline, thread_grace);
+      pargs->trigger_set = 0;
+      gpr_cv_wait(&pargs->trigger, &g_cvfds.mu, deadline);
+      cache_harvest_locked();
+      if (!pargs->trigger_set) {
+        cache_destroy_locked(pargs);
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+    gpr_mu_unlock(&g_cvfds.mu);
+  }
+
+  if (gpr_unref(&g_cvfds.pollcount)) {
+    gpr_cv_signal(&g_cvfds.shutdown_cv);
+  }
+  while (!pargs->harvestable) {
+    gpr_cv_wait(&pargs->harvest, &g_cvfds.mu,
+                gpr_inf_future(GPR_CLOCK_MONOTONIC));
+  }
+  pargs->joinable = true;
+  gpr_cv_signal(&pargs->join);
+  gpr_mu_unlock(&g_cvfds.mu);
+}
+
+// This function overrides poll() to handle condition variable wakeup fds
+static int cvfd_poll(struct pollfd* fds, nfds_t nfds, int timeout) {
+  unsigned int i;
+  int res, idx;
+  grpc_cv_node* pollcv;
+  int skip_poll = 0;
+  nfds_t nsockfds = 0;
+  poll_result* result = nullptr;
+  gpr_mu_lock(&g_cvfds.mu);
+  cache_harvest_locked();
+  pollcv = static_cast<grpc_cv_node*>(gpr_malloc(sizeof(grpc_cv_node)));
+  pollcv->next = nullptr;
+  gpr_cv pollcv_cv;
+  gpr_cv_init(&pollcv_cv);
+  pollcv->cv = &pollcv_cv;
+  grpc_cv_node* fd_cvs =
+      static_cast<grpc_cv_node*>(gpr_malloc(nfds * sizeof(grpc_cv_node)));
+
+  for (i = 0; i < nfds; i++) {
+    fds[i].revents = 0;
+    if (fds[i].fd < 0 && (fds[i].events & POLLIN)) {
+      idx = GRPC_FD_TO_IDX(fds[i].fd);
+      fd_cvs[i].cv = &pollcv_cv;
+      fd_cvs[i].prev = nullptr;
+      fd_cvs[i].next = g_cvfds.cvfds[idx].cvs;
+      if (g_cvfds.cvfds[idx].cvs) {
+        g_cvfds.cvfds[idx].cvs->prev = &(fd_cvs[i]);
+      }
+      g_cvfds.cvfds[idx].cvs = &(fd_cvs[i]);
+      // Don't bother polling if a wakeup fd is ready
+      if (g_cvfds.cvfds[idx].is_set) {
+        skip_poll = 1;
+      }
+    } else if (fds[i].fd >= 0) {
+      nsockfds++;
+    }
+  }
+
+  gpr_timespec deadline = gpr_now(GPR_CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
+  if (timeout < 0) {
+    deadline = gpr_inf_future(GPR_CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
+  } else {
+    deadline =
+        gpr_time_add(deadline, gpr_time_from_millis(timeout, GPR_TIMESPAN));
+  }
+
+  res = 0;
+  if (!skip_poll && nsockfds > 0) {
+    struct pollfd* pollfds = static_cast<struct pollfd*>(
+        gpr_malloc(sizeof(struct pollfd) * nsockfds));
+    idx = 0;
+    for (i = 0; i < nfds; i++) {
+      if (fds[i].fd >= 0) {
+        pollfds[idx].fd = fds[i].fd;
+        pollfds[idx].events = fds[i].events;
+        pollfds[idx].revents = 0;
+        idx++;
+      }
+    }
+    poll_args* pargs = get_poller_locked(pollfds, nsockfds);
+    result = pargs->result;
+    pollcv->next = result->watchers;
+    pollcv->prev = nullptr;
+    if (result->watchers) {
+      result->watchers->prev = pollcv;
+    }
+    result->watchers = pollcv;
+    result->watchcount++;
+    gpr_ref(&result->refcount);
+
+    pargs->trigger_set = 1;
+    gpr_cv_signal(&pargs->trigger);
+    gpr_cv_wait(&pollcv_cv, &g_cvfds.mu, deadline);
+    cache_harvest_locked();
+    res = result->retval;
+    errno = result->err;
+    result->watchcount--;
+    remove_cvn(&result->watchers, pollcv);
+  } else if (!skip_poll) {
+    gpr_cv_wait(&pollcv_cv, &g_cvfds.mu, deadline);
+    cache_harvest_locked();
+  }
+
+  idx = 0;
+  for (i = 0; i < nfds; i++) {
+    if (fds[i].fd < 0 && (fds[i].events & POLLIN)) {
+      remove_cvn(&g_cvfds.cvfds[GRPC_FD_TO_IDX(fds[i].fd)].cvs, &(fd_cvs[i]));
+      if (g_cvfds.cvfds[GRPC_FD_TO_IDX(fds[i].fd)].is_set) {
+        fds[i].revents = POLLIN;
+        if (res >= 0) res++;
+      }
+    } else if (!skip_poll && fds[i].fd >= 0 && result->completed) {
+      fds[i].revents = result->fds[idx].revents;
+      idx++;
+    }
+  }
+
+  gpr_free(fd_cvs);
+  gpr_free(pollcv);
+  if (result) {
+    decref_poll_result(result);
+  }
+
+  gpr_mu_unlock(&g_cvfds.mu);
+
+  return res;
+}
+
+static void global_cv_fd_table_init() {
+  gpr_mu_init(&g_cvfds.mu);
+  gpr_mu_lock(&g_cvfds.mu);
+  gpr_cv_init(&g_cvfds.shutdown_cv);
+  gpr_ref_init(&g_cvfds.pollcount, 1);
+  g_cvfds.size = CV_DEFAULT_TABLE_SIZE;
+  g_cvfds.cvfds = static_cast<grpc_fd_node*>(
+      gpr_malloc(sizeof(grpc_fd_node) * CV_DEFAULT_TABLE_SIZE));
+  g_cvfds.free_fds = nullptr;
+  thread_grace = gpr_time_from_millis(POLLCV_THREAD_GRACE_MS, GPR_TIMESPAN);
+  for (int i = 0; i < CV_DEFAULT_TABLE_SIZE; i++) {
+    g_cvfds.cvfds[i].is_set = 0;
+    g_cvfds.cvfds[i].cvs = nullptr;
+    g_cvfds.cvfds[i].next_free = g_cvfds.free_fds;
+    g_cvfds.free_fds = &g_cvfds.cvfds[i];
+  }
+  // Override the poll function with one that supports cvfds
+  g_cvfds.poll = grpc_poll_function;
+  grpc_poll_function = &cvfd_poll;
+
+  // Initialize the cache
+  poll_cache.size = 32;
+  poll_cache.count = 0;
+  poll_cache.free_pollers = nullptr;
+  poll_cache.active_pollers =
+      static_cast<poll_args**>(gpr_malloc(sizeof(void*) * 32));
+  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < poll_cache.size; i++) {
+    poll_cache.active_pollers[i] = nullptr;
+  }
+  poll_cache.dead_pollers = nullptr;
+
+  gpr_mu_unlock(&g_cvfds.mu);
+}
+
+static void global_cv_fd_table_shutdown() {
+  gpr_mu_lock(&g_cvfds.mu);
+  // Attempt to wait for all abandoned poll() threads to terminate
+  // Not doing so will result in reported memory leaks
+  if (!gpr_unref(&g_cvfds.pollcount)) {
+    int res = gpr_cv_wait(&g_cvfds.shutdown_cv, &g_cvfds.mu,
+                          gpr_time_add(gpr_now(GPR_CLOCK_MONOTONIC),
+                                       gpr_time_from_seconds(3, GPR_TIMESPAN)));
+    GPR_ASSERT(res == 0);
+  }
+  gpr_cv_destroy(&g_cvfds.shutdown_cv);
+  grpc_poll_function = g_cvfds.poll;
+  gpr_free(g_cvfds.cvfds);
+
+  cache_harvest_locked();
+  gpr_free(poll_cache.active_pollers);
+
+  gpr_mu_unlock(&g_cvfds.mu);
+  gpr_mu_destroy(&g_cvfds.mu);
+}
+
+/*******************************************************************************
+ * event engine binding
+ */
+
+static void shutdown_engine(void) {
+  pollset_global_shutdown();
+  if (grpc_cv_wakeup_fds_enabled()) {
+    global_cv_fd_table_shutdown();
+  }
+}
+
+static const grpc_event_engine_vtable vtable = {
+    sizeof(grpc_pollset),
+
+    fd_create,
+    fd_wrapped_fd,
+    fd_orphan,
+    fd_shutdown,
+    fd_notify_on_read,
+    fd_notify_on_write,
+    fd_is_shutdown,
+    fd_get_read_notifier_pollset,
+
+    pollset_init,
+    pollset_shutdown,
+    pollset_destroy,
+    pollset_work,
+    pollset_kick,
+    pollset_add_fd,
+
+    pollset_set_create,
+    pollset_set_destroy,
+    pollset_set_add_pollset,
+    pollset_set_del_pollset,
+    pollset_set_add_pollset_set,
+    pollset_set_del_pollset_set,
+    pollset_set_add_fd,
+    pollset_set_del_fd,
+
+    shutdown_engine,
+};
+
+const grpc_event_engine_vtable* grpc_init_poll_posix(bool explicit_request) {
+  if (!grpc_has_wakeup_fd()) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "Skipping poll because of no wakeup fd.");
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+  if (!GRPC_LOG_IF_ERROR("pollset_global_init", pollset_global_init())) {
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+  return &vtable;
+}
+
+const grpc_event_engine_vtable* grpc_init_poll_cv_posix(bool explicit_request) {
+  global_cv_fd_table_init();
+  grpc_enable_cv_wakeup_fds(1);
+  if (!GRPC_LOG_IF_ERROR("pollset_global_init", pollset_global_init())) {
+    global_cv_fd_table_shutdown();
+    grpc_enable_cv_wakeup_fds(0);
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+  return &vtable;
+}
+
+#endif