grpc-flamingo 1.11.0

data/src/core/lib/security/credentials/jwt/jwt_verifier.cc

@@ -0,0 +1,934 @@
+/*
+ *
+ * Copyright 2015 gRPC authors.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include <grpc/support/port_platform.h>
+
+#include "src/core/lib/security/credentials/jwt/jwt_verifier.h"
+
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include <grpc/support/alloc.h>
+#include <grpc/support/log.h>
+#include <grpc/support/string_util.h>
+#include <grpc/support/sync.h>
+
+extern "C" {
+#include <openssl/pem.h>
+}
+
+#include "src/core/lib/gpr/string.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/http/httpcli.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/iomgr/polling_entity.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/slice/b64.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/slice/slice_internal.h"
+#include "src/core/tsi/ssl_types.h"
+
+/* --- Utils. --- */
+
+const char* grpc_jwt_verifier_status_to_string(
+    grpc_jwt_verifier_status status) {
+  switch (status) {
+    case GRPC_JWT_VERIFIER_OK:
+      return "OK";
+    case GRPC_JWT_VERIFIER_BAD_SIGNATURE:
+      return "BAD_SIGNATURE";
+    case GRPC_JWT_VERIFIER_BAD_FORMAT:
+      return "BAD_FORMAT";
+    case GRPC_JWT_VERIFIER_BAD_AUDIENCE:
+      return "BAD_AUDIENCE";
+    case GRPC_JWT_VERIFIER_KEY_RETRIEVAL_ERROR:
+      return "KEY_RETRIEVAL_ERROR";
+    case GRPC_JWT_VERIFIER_TIME_CONSTRAINT_FAILURE:
+      return "TIME_CONSTRAINT_FAILURE";
+    case GRPC_JWT_VERIFIER_GENERIC_ERROR:
+      return "GENERIC_ERROR";
+    default:
+      return "UNKNOWN";
+  }
+}
+
+static const EVP_MD* evp_md_from_alg(const char* alg) {
+  if (strcmp(alg, "RS256") == 0) {
+    return EVP_sha256();
+  } else if (strcmp(alg, "RS384") == 0) {
+    return EVP_sha384();
+  } else if (strcmp(alg, "RS512") == 0) {
+    return EVP_sha512();
+  } else {
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+}
+
+static grpc_json* parse_json_part_from_jwt(const char* str, size_t len,
+                                           grpc_slice* buffer) {
+  grpc_json* json;
+
+  *buffer = grpc_base64_decode_with_len(str, len, 1);
+  if (GRPC_SLICE_IS_EMPTY(*buffer)) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "Invalid base64.");
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+  json = grpc_json_parse_string_with_len(
+      reinterpret_cast<char*> GRPC_SLICE_START_PTR(*buffer),
+      GRPC_SLICE_LENGTH(*buffer));
+  if (json == nullptr) {
+    grpc_slice_unref_internal(*buffer);
+    gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "JSON parsing error.");
+  }
+  return json;
+}
+
+static const char* validate_string_field(const grpc_json* json,
+                                         const char* key) {
+  if (json->type != GRPC_JSON_STRING) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "Invalid %s field [%s]", key, json->value);
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+  return json->value;
+}
+
+static gpr_timespec validate_time_field(const grpc_json* json,
+                                        const char* key) {
+  gpr_timespec result = gpr_time_0(GPR_CLOCK_REALTIME);
+  if (json->type != GRPC_JSON_NUMBER) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "Invalid %s field [%s]", key, json->value);
+    return result;
+  }
+  result.tv_sec = strtol(json->value, nullptr, 10);
+  return result;
+}
+
+/* --- JOSE header. see http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7515#section-4 --- */
+
+typedef struct {
+  const char* alg;
+  const char* kid;
+  const char* typ;
+  /* TODO(jboeuf): Add others as needed (jku, jwk, x5u, x5c and so on...). */
+  grpc_slice buffer;
+} jose_header;
+
+static void jose_header_destroy(jose_header* h) {
+  grpc_slice_unref_internal(h->buffer);
+  gpr_free(h);
+}
+
+/* Takes ownership of json and buffer. */
+static jose_header* jose_header_from_json(grpc_json* json, grpc_slice buffer) {
+  grpc_json* cur;
+  jose_header* h = static_cast<jose_header*>(gpr_zalloc(sizeof(jose_header)));
+  h->buffer = buffer;
+  for (cur = json->child; cur != nullptr; cur = cur->next) {
+    if (strcmp(cur->key, "alg") == 0) {
+      /* We only support RSA-1.5 signatures for now.
+         Beware of this if we add HMAC support:
+         https://auth0.com/blog/2015/03/31/critical-vulnerabilities-in-json-web-token-libraries/
+       */
+      if (cur->type != GRPC_JSON_STRING || strncmp(cur->value, "RS", 2) ||
+          evp_md_from_alg(cur->value) == nullptr) {
+        gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "Invalid alg field [%s]", cur->value);
+        goto error;
+      }
+      h->alg = cur->value;
+    } else if (strcmp(cur->key, "typ") == 0) {
+      h->typ = validate_string_field(cur, "typ");
+      if (h->typ == nullptr) goto error;
+    } else if (strcmp(cur->key, "kid") == 0) {
+      h->kid = validate_string_field(cur, "kid");
+      if (h->kid == nullptr) goto error;
+    }
+  }
+  if (h->alg == nullptr) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "Missing alg field.");
+    goto error;
+  }
+  grpc_json_destroy(json);
+  h->buffer = buffer;
+  return h;
+
+error:
+  grpc_json_destroy(json);
+  jose_header_destroy(h);
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
+/* --- JWT claims. see http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7519#section-4.1 */
+
+struct grpc_jwt_claims {
+  /* Well known properties already parsed. */
+  const char* sub;
+  const char* iss;
+  const char* aud;
+  const char* jti;
+  gpr_timespec iat;
+  gpr_timespec exp;
+  gpr_timespec nbf;
+
+  grpc_json* json;
+  grpc_slice buffer;
+};
+
+void grpc_jwt_claims_destroy(grpc_jwt_claims* claims) {
+  grpc_json_destroy(claims->json);
+  grpc_slice_unref_internal(claims->buffer);
+  gpr_free(claims);
+}
+
+const grpc_json* grpc_jwt_claims_json(const grpc_jwt_claims* claims) {
+  if (claims == nullptr) return nullptr;
+  return claims->json;
+}
+
+const char* grpc_jwt_claims_subject(const grpc_jwt_claims* claims) {
+  if (claims == nullptr) return nullptr;
+  return claims->sub;
+}
+
+const char* grpc_jwt_claims_issuer(const grpc_jwt_claims* claims) {
+  if (claims == nullptr) return nullptr;
+  return claims->iss;
+}
+
+const char* grpc_jwt_claims_id(const grpc_jwt_claims* claims) {
+  if (claims == nullptr) return nullptr;
+  return claims->jti;
+}
+
+const char* grpc_jwt_claims_audience(const grpc_jwt_claims* claims) {
+  if (claims == nullptr) return nullptr;
+  return claims->aud;
+}
+
+gpr_timespec grpc_jwt_claims_issued_at(const grpc_jwt_claims* claims) {
+  if (claims == nullptr) return gpr_inf_past(GPR_CLOCK_REALTIME);
+  return claims->iat;
+}
+
+gpr_timespec grpc_jwt_claims_expires_at(const grpc_jwt_claims* claims) {
+  if (claims == nullptr) return gpr_inf_future(GPR_CLOCK_REALTIME);
+  return claims->exp;
+}
+
+gpr_timespec grpc_jwt_claims_not_before(const grpc_jwt_claims* claims) {
+  if (claims == nullptr) return gpr_inf_past(GPR_CLOCK_REALTIME);
+  return claims->nbf;
+}
+
+/* Takes ownership of json and buffer even in case of failure. */
+grpc_jwt_claims* grpc_jwt_claims_from_json(grpc_json* json, grpc_slice buffer) {
+  grpc_json* cur;
+  grpc_jwt_claims* claims =
+      static_cast<grpc_jwt_claims*>(gpr_malloc(sizeof(grpc_jwt_claims)));
+  memset(claims, 0, sizeof(grpc_jwt_claims));
+  claims->json = json;
+  claims->buffer = buffer;
+  claims->iat = gpr_inf_past(GPR_CLOCK_REALTIME);
+  claims->nbf = gpr_inf_past(GPR_CLOCK_REALTIME);
+  claims->exp = gpr_inf_future(GPR_CLOCK_REALTIME);
+
+  /* Per the spec, all fields are optional. */
+  for (cur = json->child; cur != nullptr; cur = cur->next) {
+    if (strcmp(cur->key, "sub") == 0) {
+      claims->sub = validate_string_field(cur, "sub");
+      if (claims->sub == nullptr) goto error;
+    } else if (strcmp(cur->key, "iss") == 0) {
+      claims->iss = validate_string_field(cur, "iss");
+      if (claims->iss == nullptr) goto error;
+    } else if (strcmp(cur->key, "aud") == 0) {
+      claims->aud = validate_string_field(cur, "aud");
+      if (claims->aud == nullptr) goto error;
+    } else if (strcmp(cur->key, "jti") == 0) {
+      claims->jti = validate_string_field(cur, "jti");
+      if (claims->jti == nullptr) goto error;
+    } else if (strcmp(cur->key, "iat") == 0) {
+      claims->iat = validate_time_field(cur, "iat");
+      if (gpr_time_cmp(claims->iat, gpr_time_0(GPR_CLOCK_REALTIME)) == 0)
+        goto error;
+    } else if (strcmp(cur->key, "exp") == 0) {
+      claims->exp = validate_time_field(cur, "exp");
+      if (gpr_time_cmp(claims->exp, gpr_time_0(GPR_CLOCK_REALTIME)) == 0)
+        goto error;
+    } else if (strcmp(cur->key, "nbf") == 0) {
+      claims->nbf = validate_time_field(cur, "nbf");
+      if (gpr_time_cmp(claims->nbf, gpr_time_0(GPR_CLOCK_REALTIME)) == 0)
+        goto error;
+    }
+  }
+  return claims;
+
+error:
+  grpc_jwt_claims_destroy(claims);
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
+grpc_jwt_verifier_status grpc_jwt_claims_check(const grpc_jwt_claims* claims,
+                                               const char* audience) {
+  gpr_timespec skewed_now;
+  int audience_ok;
+
+  GPR_ASSERT(claims != nullptr);
+
+  skewed_now =
+      gpr_time_add(gpr_now(GPR_CLOCK_REALTIME), grpc_jwt_verifier_clock_skew);
+  if (gpr_time_cmp(skewed_now, claims->nbf) < 0) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "JWT is not valid yet.");
+    return GRPC_JWT_VERIFIER_TIME_CONSTRAINT_FAILURE;
+  }
+  skewed_now =
+      gpr_time_sub(gpr_now(GPR_CLOCK_REALTIME), grpc_jwt_verifier_clock_skew);
+  if (gpr_time_cmp(skewed_now, claims->exp) > 0) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "JWT is expired.");
+    return GRPC_JWT_VERIFIER_TIME_CONSTRAINT_FAILURE;
+  }
+
+  /* This should be probably up to the upper layer to decide but let's harcode
+     the 99% use case here for email issuers, where the JWT must be self
+     issued. */
+  if (grpc_jwt_issuer_email_domain(claims->iss) != nullptr &&
+      claims->sub != nullptr && strcmp(claims->iss, claims->sub) != 0) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_ERROR,
+            "Email issuer (%s) cannot assert another subject (%s) than itself.",
+            claims->iss, claims->sub);
+    return GRPC_JWT_VERIFIER_BAD_SUBJECT;
+  }
+
+  if (audience == nullptr) {
+    audience_ok = claims->aud == nullptr;
+  } else {
+    audience_ok = claims->aud != nullptr && strcmp(audience, claims->aud) == 0;
+  }
+  if (!audience_ok) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "Audience mismatch: expected %s and found %s.",
+            audience == nullptr ? "NULL" : audience,
+            claims->aud == nullptr ? "NULL" : claims->aud);
+    return GRPC_JWT_VERIFIER_BAD_AUDIENCE;
+  }
+  return GRPC_JWT_VERIFIER_OK;
+}
+
+/* --- verifier_cb_ctx object. --- */
+
+typedef enum {
+  HTTP_RESPONSE_OPENID = 0,
+  HTTP_RESPONSE_KEYS,
+  HTTP_RESPONSE_COUNT /* must be last */
+} http_response_index;
+
+typedef struct {
+  grpc_jwt_verifier* verifier;
+  grpc_polling_entity pollent;
+  jose_header* header;
+  grpc_jwt_claims* claims;
+  char* audience;
+  grpc_slice signature;
+  grpc_slice signed_data;
+  void* user_data;
+  grpc_jwt_verification_done_cb user_cb;
+  grpc_http_response responses[HTTP_RESPONSE_COUNT];
+} verifier_cb_ctx;
+
+/* Takes ownership of the header, claims and signature. */
+static verifier_cb_ctx* verifier_cb_ctx_create(
+    grpc_jwt_verifier* verifier, grpc_pollset* pollset, jose_header* header,
+    grpc_jwt_claims* claims, const char* audience, grpc_slice signature,
+    const char* signed_jwt, size_t signed_jwt_len, void* user_data,
+    grpc_jwt_verification_done_cb cb) {
+  grpc_core::ExecCtx exec_ctx;
+  verifier_cb_ctx* ctx =
+      static_cast<verifier_cb_ctx*>(gpr_zalloc(sizeof(verifier_cb_ctx)));
+  ctx->verifier = verifier;
+  ctx->pollent = grpc_polling_entity_create_from_pollset(pollset);
+  ctx->header = header;
+  ctx->audience = gpr_strdup(audience);
+  ctx->claims = claims;
+  ctx->signature = signature;
+  ctx->signed_data = grpc_slice_from_copied_buffer(signed_jwt, signed_jwt_len);
+  ctx->user_data = user_data;
+  ctx->user_cb = cb;
+
+  return ctx;
+}
+
+void verifier_cb_ctx_destroy(verifier_cb_ctx* ctx) {
+  if (ctx->audience != nullptr) gpr_free(ctx->audience);
+  if (ctx->claims != nullptr) grpc_jwt_claims_destroy(ctx->claims);
+  grpc_slice_unref_internal(ctx->signature);
+  grpc_slice_unref_internal(ctx->signed_data);
+  jose_header_destroy(ctx->header);
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < HTTP_RESPONSE_COUNT; i++) {
+    grpc_http_response_destroy(&ctx->responses[i]);
+  }
+  /* TODO: see what to do with claims... */
+  gpr_free(ctx);
+}
+
+/* --- grpc_jwt_verifier object. --- */
+
+/* Clock skew defaults to one minute. */
+gpr_timespec grpc_jwt_verifier_clock_skew = {60, 0, GPR_TIMESPAN};
+
+/* Max delay defaults to one minute. */
+grpc_millis grpc_jwt_verifier_max_delay = 60 * GPR_MS_PER_SEC;
+
+typedef struct {
+  char* email_domain;
+  char* key_url_prefix;
+} email_key_mapping;
+
+struct grpc_jwt_verifier {
+  email_key_mapping* mappings;
+  size_t num_mappings; /* Should be very few, linear search ok. */
+  size_t allocated_mappings;
+  grpc_httpcli_context http_ctx;
+};
+
+static grpc_json* json_from_http(const grpc_httpcli_response* response) {
+  grpc_json* json = nullptr;
+
+  if (response == nullptr) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "HTTP response is NULL.");
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+  if (response->status != 200) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "Call to http server failed with error %d.",
+            response->status);
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  json = grpc_json_parse_string_with_len(response->body, response->body_length);
+  if (json == nullptr) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "Invalid JSON found in response.");
+  }
+  return json;
+}
+
+static const grpc_json* find_property_by_name(const grpc_json* json,
+                                              const char* name) {
+  const grpc_json* cur;
+  for (cur = json->child; cur != nullptr; cur = cur->next) {
+    if (strcmp(cur->key, name) == 0) return cur;
+  }
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
+static EVP_PKEY* extract_pkey_from_x509(const char* x509_str) {
+  X509* x509 = nullptr;
+  EVP_PKEY* result = nullptr;
+  BIO* bio = BIO_new(BIO_s_mem());
+  size_t len = strlen(x509_str);
+  GPR_ASSERT(len < INT_MAX);
+  BIO_write(bio, x509_str, static_cast<int>(len));
+  x509 = PEM_read_bio_X509(bio, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr);
+  if (x509 == nullptr) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "Unable to parse x509 cert.");
+    goto end;
+  }
+  result = X509_get_pubkey(x509);
+  if (result == nullptr) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "Cannot find public key in X509 cert.");
+  }
+
+end:
+  BIO_free(bio);
+  X509_free(x509);
+  return result;
+}
+
+static BIGNUM* bignum_from_base64(const char* b64) {
+  BIGNUM* result = nullptr;
+  grpc_slice bin;
+
+  if (b64 == nullptr) return nullptr;
+  bin = grpc_base64_decode(b64, 1);
+  if (GRPC_SLICE_IS_EMPTY(bin)) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "Invalid base64 for big num.");
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+  result = BN_bin2bn(GRPC_SLICE_START_PTR(bin),
+                     TSI_SIZE_AS_SIZE(GRPC_SLICE_LENGTH(bin)), nullptr);
+  grpc_slice_unref_internal(bin);
+  return result;
+}
+
+#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x10100000L
+
+// Provide compatibility across OpenSSL 1.02 and 1.1.
+static int RSA_set0_key(RSA* r, BIGNUM* n, BIGNUM* e, BIGNUM* d) {
+  /* If the fields n and e in r are NULL, the corresponding input
+   * parameters MUST be non-NULL for n and e.  d may be
+   * left NULL (in case only the public key is used).
+   */
+  if ((r->n == nullptr && n == nullptr) || (r->e == nullptr && e == nullptr)) {
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  if (n != nullptr) {
+    BN_free(r->n);
+    r->n = n;
+  }
+  if (e != nullptr) {
+    BN_free(r->e);
+    r->e = e;
+  }
+  if (d != nullptr) {
+    BN_free(r->d);
+    r->d = d;
+  }
+
+  return 1;
+}
+#endif  // OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x10100000L
+
+static EVP_PKEY* pkey_from_jwk(const grpc_json* json, const char* kty) {
+  const grpc_json* key_prop;
+  RSA* rsa = nullptr;
+  EVP_PKEY* result = nullptr;
+  BIGNUM* tmp_n = nullptr;
+  BIGNUM* tmp_e = nullptr;
+
+  GPR_ASSERT(kty != nullptr && json != nullptr);
+  if (strcmp(kty, "RSA") != 0) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "Unsupported key type %s.", kty);
+    goto end;
+  }
+  rsa = RSA_new();
+  if (rsa == nullptr) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "Could not create rsa key.");
+    goto end;
+  }
+  for (key_prop = json->child; key_prop != nullptr; key_prop = key_prop->next) {
+    if (strcmp(key_prop->key, "n") == 0) {
+      tmp_n = bignum_from_base64(validate_string_field(key_prop, "n"));
+      if (tmp_n == nullptr) goto end;
+    } else if (strcmp(key_prop->key, "e") == 0) {
+      tmp_e = bignum_from_base64(validate_string_field(key_prop, "e"));
+      if (tmp_e == nullptr) goto end;
+    }
+  }
+  if (tmp_e == nullptr || tmp_n == nullptr) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "Missing RSA public key field.");
+    goto end;
+  }
+  if (!RSA_set0_key(rsa, tmp_n, tmp_e, nullptr)) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "Cannot set RSA key from inputs.");
+    goto end;
+  }
+  /* RSA_set0_key takes ownership on success. */
+  tmp_n = nullptr;
+  tmp_e = nullptr;
+  result = EVP_PKEY_new();
+  EVP_PKEY_set1_RSA(result, rsa); /* uprefs rsa. */
+
+end:
+  RSA_free(rsa);
+  BN_free(tmp_n);
+  BN_free(tmp_e);
+  return result;
+}
+
+static EVP_PKEY* find_verification_key(const grpc_json* json,
+                                       const char* header_alg,
+                                       const char* header_kid) {
+  const grpc_json* jkey;
+  const grpc_json* jwk_keys;
+  /* Try to parse the json as a JWK set:
+     https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7517#section-5. */
+  jwk_keys = find_property_by_name(json, "keys");
+  if (jwk_keys == nullptr) {
+    /* Use the google proprietary format which is:
+       { <kid1>: <x5091>, <kid2>: <x5092>, ... } */
+    const grpc_json* cur = find_property_by_name(json, header_kid);
+    if (cur == nullptr) return nullptr;
+    return extract_pkey_from_x509(cur->value);
+  }
+
+  if (jwk_keys->type != GRPC_JSON_ARRAY) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_ERROR,
+            "Unexpected value type of keys property in jwks key set.");
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+  /* Key format is specified in:
+     https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7518#section-6. */
+  for (jkey = jwk_keys->child; jkey != nullptr; jkey = jkey->next) {
+    grpc_json* key_prop;
+    const char* alg = nullptr;
+    const char* kid = nullptr;
+    const char* kty = nullptr;
+
+    if (jkey->type != GRPC_JSON_OBJECT) continue;
+    for (key_prop = jkey->child; key_prop != nullptr;
+         key_prop = key_prop->next) {
+      if (strcmp(key_prop->key, "alg") == 0 &&
+          key_prop->type == GRPC_JSON_STRING) {
+        alg = key_prop->value;
+      } else if (strcmp(key_prop->key, "kid") == 0 &&
+                 key_prop->type == GRPC_JSON_STRING) {
+        kid = key_prop->value;
+      } else if (strcmp(key_prop->key, "kty") == 0 &&
+                 key_prop->type == GRPC_JSON_STRING) {
+        kty = key_prop->value;
+      }
+    }
+    if (alg != nullptr && kid != nullptr && kty != nullptr &&
+        strcmp(kid, header_kid) == 0 && strcmp(alg, header_alg) == 0) {
+      return pkey_from_jwk(jkey, kty);
+    }
+  }
+  gpr_log(GPR_ERROR,
+          "Could not find matching key in key set for kid=%s and alg=%s",
+          header_kid, header_alg);
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
+static int verify_jwt_signature(EVP_PKEY* key, const char* alg,
+                                grpc_slice signature, grpc_slice signed_data) {
+  EVP_MD_CTX* md_ctx = EVP_MD_CTX_create();
+  const EVP_MD* md = evp_md_from_alg(alg);
+  int result = 0;
+
+  GPR_ASSERT(md != nullptr); /* Checked before. */
+  if (md_ctx == nullptr) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "Could not create EVP_MD_CTX.");
+    goto end;
+  }
+  if (EVP_DigestVerifyInit(md_ctx, nullptr, md, nullptr, key) != 1) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "EVP_DigestVerifyInit failed.");
+    goto end;
+  }
+  if (EVP_DigestVerifyUpdate(md_ctx, GRPC_SLICE_START_PTR(signed_data),
+                             GRPC_SLICE_LENGTH(signed_data)) != 1) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "EVP_DigestVerifyUpdate failed.");
+    goto end;
+  }
+  if (EVP_DigestVerifyFinal(md_ctx, GRPC_SLICE_START_PTR(signature),
+                            GRPC_SLICE_LENGTH(signature)) != 1) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "JWT signature verification failed.");
+    goto end;
+  }
+  result = 1;
+
+end:
+  EVP_MD_CTX_destroy(md_ctx);
+  return result;
+}
+
+static void on_keys_retrieved(void* user_data, grpc_error* error) {
+  verifier_cb_ctx* ctx = static_cast<verifier_cb_ctx*>(user_data);
+  grpc_json* json = json_from_http(&ctx->responses[HTTP_RESPONSE_KEYS]);
+  EVP_PKEY* verification_key = nullptr;
+  grpc_jwt_verifier_status status = GRPC_JWT_VERIFIER_GENERIC_ERROR;
+  grpc_jwt_claims* claims = nullptr;
+
+  if (json == nullptr) {
+    status = GRPC_JWT_VERIFIER_KEY_RETRIEVAL_ERROR;
+    goto end;
+  }
+  verification_key =
+      find_verification_key(json, ctx->header->alg, ctx->header->kid);
+  if (verification_key == nullptr) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "Could not find verification key with kid %s.",
+            ctx->header->kid);
+    status = GRPC_JWT_VERIFIER_KEY_RETRIEVAL_ERROR;
+    goto end;
+  }
+
+  if (!verify_jwt_signature(verification_key, ctx->header->alg, ctx->signature,
+                            ctx->signed_data)) {
+    status = GRPC_JWT_VERIFIER_BAD_SIGNATURE;
+    goto end;
+  }
+
+  status = grpc_jwt_claims_check(ctx->claims, ctx->audience);
+  if (status == GRPC_JWT_VERIFIER_OK) {
+    /* Pass ownership. */
+    claims = ctx->claims;
+    ctx->claims = nullptr;
+  }
+
+end:
+  if (json != nullptr) grpc_json_destroy(json);
+  EVP_PKEY_free(verification_key);
+  ctx->user_cb(ctx->user_data, status, claims);
+  verifier_cb_ctx_destroy(ctx);
+}
+
+static void on_openid_config_retrieved(void* user_data, grpc_error* error) {
+  const grpc_json* cur;
+  verifier_cb_ctx* ctx = static_cast<verifier_cb_ctx*>(user_data);
+  const grpc_http_response* response = &ctx->responses[HTTP_RESPONSE_OPENID];
+  grpc_json* json = json_from_http(response);
+  grpc_httpcli_request req;
+  const char* jwks_uri;
+  grpc_resource_quota* resource_quota = nullptr;
+
+  /* TODO(jboeuf): Cache the jwks_uri in order to avoid this hop next time. */
+  if (json == nullptr) goto error;
+  cur = find_property_by_name(json, "jwks_uri");
+  if (cur == nullptr) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "Could not find jwks_uri in openid config.");
+    goto error;
+  }
+  jwks_uri = validate_string_field(cur, "jwks_uri");
+  if (jwks_uri == nullptr) goto error;
+  if (strstr(jwks_uri, "https://") != jwks_uri) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "Invalid non https jwks_uri: %s.", jwks_uri);
+    goto error;
+  }
+  jwks_uri += 8;
+  req.handshaker = &grpc_httpcli_ssl;
+  req.host = gpr_strdup(jwks_uri);
+  req.http.path = const_cast<char*>(strchr(jwks_uri, '/'));
+  if (req.http.path == nullptr) {
+    req.http.path = (char*)"";
+  } else {
+    *(req.host + (req.http.path - jwks_uri)) = '\0';
+  }
+
+  /* TODO(ctiller): Carry the resource_quota in ctx and share it with the host
+     channel. This would allow us to cancel an authentication query when under
+     extreme memory pressure. */
+  resource_quota = grpc_resource_quota_create("jwt_verifier");
+  grpc_httpcli_get(
+      &ctx->verifier->http_ctx, &ctx->pollent, resource_quota, &req,
+      grpc_core::ExecCtx::Get()->Now() + grpc_jwt_verifier_max_delay,
+      GRPC_CLOSURE_CREATE(on_keys_retrieved, ctx, grpc_schedule_on_exec_ctx),
+      &ctx->responses[HTTP_RESPONSE_KEYS]);
+  grpc_resource_quota_unref_internal(resource_quota);
+  grpc_json_destroy(json);
+  gpr_free(req.host);
+  return;
+
+error:
+  if (json != nullptr) grpc_json_destroy(json);
+  ctx->user_cb(ctx->user_data, GRPC_JWT_VERIFIER_KEY_RETRIEVAL_ERROR, nullptr);
+  verifier_cb_ctx_destroy(ctx);
+}
+
+static email_key_mapping* verifier_get_mapping(grpc_jwt_verifier* v,
+                                               const char* email_domain) {
+  size_t i;
+  if (v->mappings == nullptr) return nullptr;
+  for (i = 0; i < v->num_mappings; i++) {
+    if (strcmp(email_domain, v->mappings[i].email_domain) == 0) {
+      return &v->mappings[i];
+    }
+  }
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
+static void verifier_put_mapping(grpc_jwt_verifier* v, const char* email_domain,
+                                 const char* key_url_prefix) {
+  email_key_mapping* mapping = verifier_get_mapping(v, email_domain);
+  GPR_ASSERT(v->num_mappings < v->allocated_mappings);
+  if (mapping != nullptr) {
+    gpr_free(mapping->key_url_prefix);
+    mapping->key_url_prefix = gpr_strdup(key_url_prefix);
+    return;
+  }
+  v->mappings[v->num_mappings].email_domain = gpr_strdup(email_domain);
+  v->mappings[v->num_mappings].key_url_prefix = gpr_strdup(key_url_prefix);
+  v->num_mappings++;
+  GPR_ASSERT(v->num_mappings <= v->allocated_mappings);
+}
+
+/* Very non-sophisticated way to detect an email address. Should be good
+   enough for now... */
+const char* grpc_jwt_issuer_email_domain(const char* issuer) {
+  const char* at_sign = strchr(issuer, '@');
+  if (at_sign == nullptr) return nullptr;
+  const char* email_domain = at_sign + 1;
+  if (*email_domain == '\0') return nullptr;
+  const char* dot = strrchr(email_domain, '.');
+  if (dot == nullptr || dot == email_domain) return email_domain;
+  GPR_ASSERT(dot > email_domain);
+  /* There may be a subdomain, we just want the domain. */
+  dot = static_cast<const char*>(gpr_memrchr(
+      (void*)email_domain, '.', static_cast<size_t>(dot - email_domain)));
+  if (dot == nullptr) return email_domain;
+  return dot + 1;
+}
+
+/* Takes ownership of ctx. */
+static void retrieve_key_and_verify(verifier_cb_ctx* ctx) {
+  const char* email_domain;
+  grpc_closure* http_cb;
+  char* path_prefix = nullptr;
+  const char* iss;
+  grpc_httpcli_request req;
+  grpc_resource_quota* resource_quota = nullptr;
+  memset(&req, 0, sizeof(grpc_httpcli_request));
+  req.handshaker = &grpc_httpcli_ssl;
+  http_response_index rsp_idx;
+
+  GPR_ASSERT(ctx != nullptr && ctx->header != nullptr &&
+             ctx->claims != nullptr);
+  iss = ctx->claims->iss;
+  if (ctx->header->kid == nullptr) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "Missing kid in jose header.");
+    goto error;
+  }
+  if (iss == nullptr) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "Missing iss in claims.");
+    goto error;
+  }
+
+  /* This code relies on:
+     https://openid.net/specs/openid-connect-discovery-1_0.html
+     Nobody seems to implement the account/email/webfinger part 2. of the spec
+     so we will rely instead on email/url mappings if we detect such an issuer.
+     Part 4, on the other hand is implemented by both google and salesforce. */
+  email_domain = grpc_jwt_issuer_email_domain(iss);
+  if (email_domain != nullptr) {
+    email_key_mapping* mapping;
+    GPR_ASSERT(ctx->verifier != nullptr);
+    mapping = verifier_get_mapping(ctx->verifier, email_domain);
+    if (mapping == nullptr) {
+      gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "Missing mapping for issuer email.");
+      goto error;
+    }
+    req.host = gpr_strdup(mapping->key_url_prefix);
+    path_prefix = strchr(req.host, '/');
+    if (path_prefix == nullptr) {
+      gpr_asprintf(&req.http.path, "/%s", iss);
+    } else {
+      *(path_prefix++) = '\0';
+      gpr_asprintf(&req.http.path, "/%s/%s", path_prefix, iss);
+    }
+    http_cb =
+        GRPC_CLOSURE_CREATE(on_keys_retrieved, ctx, grpc_schedule_on_exec_ctx);
+    rsp_idx = HTTP_RESPONSE_KEYS;
+  } else {
+    req.host = gpr_strdup(strstr(iss, "https://") == iss ? iss + 8 : iss);
+    path_prefix = strchr(req.host, '/');
+    if (path_prefix == nullptr) {
+      req.http.path = gpr_strdup(GRPC_OPENID_CONFIG_URL_SUFFIX);
+    } else {
+      *(path_prefix++) = 0;
+      gpr_asprintf(&req.http.path, "/%s%s", path_prefix,
+                   GRPC_OPENID_CONFIG_URL_SUFFIX);
+    }
+    http_cb = GRPC_CLOSURE_CREATE(on_openid_config_retrieved, ctx,
+                                  grpc_schedule_on_exec_ctx);
+    rsp_idx = HTTP_RESPONSE_OPENID;
+  }
+
+  /* TODO(ctiller): Carry the resource_quota in ctx and share it with the host
+     channel. This would allow us to cancel an authentication query when under
+     extreme memory pressure. */
+  resource_quota = grpc_resource_quota_create("jwt_verifier");
+  grpc_httpcli_get(
+      &ctx->verifier->http_ctx, &ctx->pollent, resource_quota, &req,
+      grpc_core::ExecCtx::Get()->Now() + grpc_jwt_verifier_max_delay, http_cb,
+      &ctx->responses[rsp_idx]);
+  grpc_resource_quota_unref_internal(resource_quota);
+  gpr_free(req.host);
+  gpr_free(req.http.path);
+  return;
+
+error:
+  ctx->user_cb(ctx->user_data, GRPC_JWT_VERIFIER_KEY_RETRIEVAL_ERROR, nullptr);
+  verifier_cb_ctx_destroy(ctx);
+}
+
+void grpc_jwt_verifier_verify(grpc_jwt_verifier* verifier,
+                              grpc_pollset* pollset, const char* jwt,
+                              const char* audience,
+                              grpc_jwt_verification_done_cb cb,
+                              void* user_data) {
+  const char* dot = nullptr;
+  grpc_json* json;
+  jose_header* header = nullptr;
+  grpc_jwt_claims* claims = nullptr;
+  grpc_slice header_buffer;
+  grpc_slice claims_buffer;
+  grpc_slice signature;
+  size_t signed_jwt_len;
+  const char* cur = jwt;
+
+  GPR_ASSERT(verifier != nullptr && jwt != nullptr && audience != nullptr &&
+             cb != nullptr);
+  dot = strchr(cur, '.');
+  if (dot == nullptr) goto error;
+  json = parse_json_part_from_jwt(cur, static_cast<size_t>(dot - cur),
+                                  &header_buffer);
+  if (json == nullptr) goto error;
+  header = jose_header_from_json(json, header_buffer);
+  if (header == nullptr) goto error;
+
+  cur = dot + 1;
+  dot = strchr(cur, '.');
+  if (dot == nullptr) goto error;
+  json = parse_json_part_from_jwt(cur, static_cast<size_t>(dot - cur),
+                                  &claims_buffer);
+  if (json == nullptr) goto error;
+  claims = grpc_jwt_claims_from_json(json, claims_buffer);
+  if (claims == nullptr) goto error;
+
+  signed_jwt_len = static_cast<size_t>(dot - jwt);
+  cur = dot + 1;
+  signature = grpc_base64_decode(cur, 1);
+  if (GRPC_SLICE_IS_EMPTY(signature)) goto error;
+  retrieve_key_and_verify(
+      verifier_cb_ctx_create(verifier, pollset, header, claims, audience,
+                             signature, jwt, signed_jwt_len, user_data, cb));
+  return;
+
+error:
+  if (header != nullptr) jose_header_destroy(header);
+  if (claims != nullptr) grpc_jwt_claims_destroy(claims);
+  cb(user_data, GRPC_JWT_VERIFIER_BAD_FORMAT, nullptr);
+}
+
+grpc_jwt_verifier* grpc_jwt_verifier_create(
+    const grpc_jwt_verifier_email_domain_key_url_mapping* mappings,
+    size_t num_mappings) {
+  grpc_jwt_verifier* v =
+      static_cast<grpc_jwt_verifier*>(gpr_zalloc(sizeof(grpc_jwt_verifier)));
+  grpc_httpcli_context_init(&v->http_ctx);
+
+  /* We know at least of one mapping. */
+  v->allocated_mappings = 1 + num_mappings;
+  v->mappings = static_cast<email_key_mapping*>(
+      gpr_malloc(v->allocated_mappings * sizeof(email_key_mapping)));
+  verifier_put_mapping(v, GRPC_GOOGLE_SERVICE_ACCOUNTS_EMAIL_DOMAIN,
+                       GRPC_GOOGLE_SERVICE_ACCOUNTS_KEY_URL_PREFIX);
+  /* User-Provided mappings. */
+  if (mappings != nullptr) {
+    size_t i;
+    for (i = 0; i < num_mappings; i++) {
+      verifier_put_mapping(v, mappings[i].email_domain,
+                           mappings[i].key_url_prefix);
+    }
+  }
+  return v;
+}
+
+void grpc_jwt_verifier_destroy(grpc_jwt_verifier* v) {
+  size_t i;
+  if (v == nullptr) return;
+  grpc_httpcli_context_destroy(&v->http_ctx);
+  if (v->mappings != nullptr) {
+    for (i = 0; i < v->num_mappings; i++) {
+      gpr_free(v->mappings[i].email_domain);
+      gpr_free(v->mappings[i].key_url_prefix);
+    }
+    gpr_free(v->mappings);
+  }
+  gpr_free(v);
+}