meerk40t 0.9.3001__py2.py3-none-any.whl → 0.9.7010__py2.py3-none-any.whl

meerk40t/core/elements/offset_mk.py

@@ -1,955 +1,963 @@
-"""
-This adds console commands that deal with the creation of an offset
-"""
-from copy import copy
-from math import atan2, tau
-
-from meerk40t.core.node.node import Linejoin
-from meerk40t.core.units import UNITS_PER_PIXEL, Length
-from meerk40t.svgelements import (
-    Arc,
-    Close,
-    CubicBezier,
-    Line,
-    Move,
-    Path,
-    Point,
-    QuadraticBezier,
-)
-from meerk40t.tools.geomstr import Geomstr
-
-"""
-The following routines deal with the offset of an SVG path at a given distance D.
-An offset or parallel curve can easily be established:
-    - for a line segment by another line parallel and in distance D:
-        Establish the two normals with length D on the end points and
-        create the two new endpoints
-    - for an arc segment: elongate rx and ry by D
-To establish an offset for a quadratic or cubic bezier by another cubic bezier
-is not possible so this requires approximation.
-An acceptable approximation is proposed by Tiller and Hanson:
-    P1 start point
-    P2 end point
-    C1 control point 1
-    C2 control point 2
-    You create the offset version of these 3 lines and look for their intersections:
-        - offset to (P1 C1)  -> helper 1
-        - offset to (C1 C2)  -> helper 2
-        - offset to (P2 C2)  -> helper 3
-        we establish P1-new
-        the intersections between helper 1 and helper 2 is our new control point C1-new
-        the intersections between helper 2 and helper 3 is our new control point C2-new
-
-
-
-A good visual representation can be seen here:
-https://feirell.github.io/offset-bezier/
-
-The algorithm deals with the challenge as follows:
-a) It walks through the subpaths of a given path so that we have a continuous curve
-b) It looks at the different segment typs and deals with them,
-generating a new offseted segement
-c) Finally it stitches those segments together, treating for the simplifaction
-"""
-
-
-def norm_vector(p1, p2, target_len):
-    line_vector = p2 - p1
-    # if line_vector.x == 0 and line_vector.y == 0:
-    #     return Point(target_len, 0)
-    factor = target_len
-    normal_vector = Point(-1 * line_vector.y, line_vector.x)
-    normlen = abs(normal_vector)
-    if normlen != 0:
-        factor = target_len / normlen
-    normal_vector *= factor
-    return normal_vector
-
-
-def is_clockwise(path, start=0):
-    def poly_clockwise(poly):
-        """
-        returns True if the polygon is clockwise ordered, false if not
-        """
-
-        total = (
-            poly[-1].x * poly[0].y - poly[0].x * poly[-1].y
-        )  # last point to first point
-        for i in range(len(poly) - 1):
-            total += poly[i].x * poly[i + 1].y - poly[i + 1].x * poly[i].y
-
-        if total <= 0:
-            return True
-        else:
-            return False
-
-    poly = []
-    idx = start
-    while idx < len(path._segments):
-        seg = path._segments[idx]
-        if isinstance(seg, (Arc, Line, QuadraticBezier, CubicBezier)):
-            if len(poly) == 0:
-                poly.append(seg.start)
-            poly.append(seg.end)
-        else:
-            if len(poly) > 0:
-                break
-        idx += 1
-    if len(poly) == 0:
-        res = True
-    else:
-        res = poly_clockwise(poly)
-    return res
-
-
-def linearize_segment(segment, interpolation=500, reduce=True):
-    slope_tolerance = 0.001
-    s = []
-    delta = 1.0 / interpolation
-    lastpt = None
-    t = 0
-    last_slope = None
-    while t <= 1:
-        appendit = True
-        np = segment.point(t)
-        if lastpt is not None:
-            dx = lastpt.x - np.x
-            dy = lastpt.y - np.y
-            if abs(dx) < 1e-6 and abs(dy) < 1e-6:
-                appendit = False
-                # identical points!
-            else:
-                this_slope = atan2(dy, dx)
-                if last_slope is not None:
-                    if abs(last_slope - this_slope) < slope_tolerance:
-                        # Combine segments, ie get rid of mid point
-                        this_slope = last_slope
-                        appendit = False
-                last_slope = this_slope
-
-        if appendit or not reduce:
-            s.append(np)
-        else:
-            s[-1] = np
-        t += delta
-        lastpt = np
-    if s[-1] != segment.end:
-        np = Point(segment.end)
-        s.append(np)
-    # print (f"linearize: {type(segment).__name__}")
-    # print (f"Start: ({segment.start.x:.0f}, {segment.start.y:.0f}) - ({s[0].x:.0f}, {s[0].y:.0f})")
-    # print (f"End: ({segment.end.x:.0f}, {segment.end.y:.0f}) - ({s[-1].x:.0f}, {s[-1].y:.0f})")
-    return s
-
-
-def offset_point_array(points, offset):
-    result = list()
-    p0 = None
-    for idx, p1 in enumerate(points):
-        if idx > 0:
-            nv = norm_vector(p0, p1, offset)
-            result.append(p0 + nv)
-            result.append(p1 + nv)
-        p0 = Point(p1)
-    for idx in range(3, len(result)):
-        w = result[idx - 3]
-        z = result[idx - 2]
-        x = result[idx - 1]
-        y = result[idx]
-        p_i, s, t = intersect_line_segments(w, z, x, y)
-        if p_i is None:
-            continue
-        result[idx - 2] = Point(p_i)
-        result[idx - 1] = Point(p_i)
-    return result
-
-
-def offset_arc(segment, offset=0, linearize=False, interpolation=500):
-    if not isinstance(segment, Arc):
-        return None
-    newsegments = list()
-    if linearize:
-        s = linearize_segment(segment, interpolation=interpolation, reduce=True)
-        s = offset_point_array(s, offset)
-        for idx in range(1, len(s)):
-            seg = Line(
-                start=Point(s[idx - 1][0], s[idx - 1][1]),
-                end=Point(s[idx][0], s[idx][1]),
-            )
-            newsegments.append(seg)
-    else:
-        centerpt = Point(segment.center)
-        startpt = centerpt.polar_to(
-            angle=centerpt.angle_to(segment.start),
-            distance=centerpt.distance_to(segment.start) + offset,
-        )
-        endpt = centerpt.polar_to(
-            angle=centerpt.angle_to(segment.end),
-            distance=centerpt.distance_to(segment.end) + offset,
-        )
-        newseg = Arc(
-            startpt,
-            endpt,
-            centerpt,
-            #         ccw=ccw,
-        )
-        newsegments.append(newseg)
-    return newsegments
-
-
-def offset_line(segment, offset=0):
-    if not isinstance(segment, Line):
-        return None
-    newseg = copy(segment)
-    normal_vector = norm_vector(segment.start, segment.end, offset)
-    newseg.start += normal_vector
-    newseg.end += normal_vector
-    # print (f"Old= ({segment.start.x:.0f}, {segment.start.y:.0f})-({segment.end.x:.0f}, {segment.end.y:.0f})")
-    # print (f"New= ({newsegment.start.x:.0f}, {newsegment.start.y:.0f})-({newsegment.end.x:.0f}, {newsegment.end.y:.0f})")
-    return [newseg]
-
-
-def offset_quad(segment, offset=0, linearize=False, interpolation=500):
-    if not isinstance(segment, QuadraticBezier):
-        return None
-    cubic = CubicBezier(
-        start=segment.start,
-        control1=segment.start + 2 / 3 * (segment.control - segment.start),
-        control2=segment.end + 2 / 3 * (segment.control - segment.end),
-        end=segment.end,
-    )
-    newsegments = offset_cubic(cubic, offset, linearize, interpolation)
-
-    return newsegments
-
-
-def offset_cubic(segment, offset=0, linearize=False, interpolation=500):
-    """
-    To establish an offset for a quadratic or cubic bezier by another cubic bezier
-    is not possible so this requires approximation.
-    An acceptable approximation is proposed by Tiller and Hanson:
-        P1 start point
-        P2 end point
-        C1 control point 1
-        C2 control point 2
-        You create the offset version of these 3 lines and look for their intersections:
-        - offset to (P1 C1)  -> helper 1
-        - offset to (C1 C2)  -> helper 2
-        - offset to (P2 C2)  -> helper 3
-        we establish P1-new
-        the intersections between helper 1 and helper 2 is our new control point C1-new
-        the intersections between helper 2 and helper 3 is our new control point C2-new
-
-        Beware, this has limitations! It's not dealing well with curves that have cusps
-    """
-
-    if not isinstance(segment, CubicBezier):
-        return None
-    newsegments = list()
-    if linearize:
-        s = linearize_segment(segment, interpolation=interpolation, reduce=True)
-        s = offset_point_array(s, offset)
-        for idx in range(1, len(s)):
-            seg = Line(
-                start=Point(s[idx - 1][0], s[idx - 1][1]),
-                end=Point(s[idx][0], s[idx][1]),
-            )
-            newsegments.append(seg)
-    else:
-        newseg = copy(segment)
-        if segment.control1 == segment.start:
-            p1 = segment.control2
-        else:
-            p1 = segment.control1
-        normal_vector1 = norm_vector(segment.start, p1, offset)
-        if segment.control2 == segment.end:
-            p1 = segment.control1
-        else:
-            p1 = segment.control2
-        normal_vector2 = norm_vector(p1, segment.end, offset)
-        normal_vector3 = norm_vector(segment.control1, segment.control2, offset)
-
-        newseg.start += normal_vector1
-        newseg.end += normal_vector2
-
-        v = segment.start + normal_vector1
-        w = segment.control1 + normal_vector1
-        x = segment.control1 + normal_vector3
-        y = segment.control2 + normal_vector3
-        intersect, s, t = intersect_line_segments(v, w, x, y)
-        if intersect is None:
-            # Fallback
-            intersect = segment.control1 + 0.5 * (normal_vector1 + normal_vector3)
-        newseg.control1 = intersect
-
-        x = segment.control2 + normal_vector2
-        y = segment.end + normal_vector2
-        v = segment.control1 + normal_vector3
-        w = segment.control2 + normal_vector3
-        intersect, s, t = intersect_line_segments(v, w, x, y)
-        if intersect is None:
-            # Fallback
-            intersect = segment.control2 + 0.5 * (normal_vector2 + normal_vector3)
-        newseg.control2 = intersect
-        # print (f"Old: start=({segment.start.x:.0f}, {segment.start.y:.0f}), c1=({segment.control1.x:.0f}, {segment.control1.y:.0f}), c2=({segment.control2.x:.0f}, {segment.control2.y:.0f}), end=({segment.end.x:.0f}, {segment.end.y:.0f})")
-        # print (f"New: start=({newsegment.start.x:.0f}, {newsegment.start.y:.0f}), c1=({newsegment.control1.x:.0f}, {newsegment.control1.y:.0f}), c2=({newsegment.control2.x:.0f}, {newsegment.control2.y:.0f}), end=({newsegment.end.x:.0f}, {newsegment.end.y:.0f})")
-        newsegments.append(newseg)
-    return newsegments
-
-
-def intersect_line_segments(w, z, x, y):
-    """
-    We establish the intersection between two lines given by
-    line1 = (w, z), line2 = (x, y)
-    We define the first line by the equation w + s * (z - w)
-    We define the second line by the equation x + t * (y - x)
-    We give back the intersection and the values for s and t
-    out of these two equations at the intersection point.
-    Notabene: if the intersection is on the two line segments
-    then s and t need to be between 0 and 1.
-
-    Args:
-        w (Point): Start point of the first line segment
-        z (Point): End point of the second line segment
-        x (Point): Start point of the first line segment
-        y (Point): End point of the second line segment
-    Returns three values: P, s, t
-        P: Point of intersection, None if the two lines have no intersection
-        S: Value for s in P = w + s * (z - w)
-        T: Value for t in P = x + t * (y - x)
-
-        ( w1 )     ( z1 - w1 )    ( x1 )     ( y1 - x1 )
-        (    ) + t (         )  = (    ) + s (         )
-        ( w2 )     ( z2 - w2 )    ( y1 )     ( y2 - x2 )
-
-        ( w1 - x1 )     ( y1 - x1 )     ( z1 - w1 )
-        (         ) = s (         ) - t (         )
-        ( w2 - x2 )     ( y2 - x2 )     ( z2 - w2 )
-
-        ( w1 - x1 )    ( y1 - x1   -z1 + w1 ) ( s )
-        (         ) =  (                    ) (   )
-        ( w2 - x2 )    ( y2 - x2   -z2 + w2 ) ( t )
-
-    """
-    a = y.x - x.x
-    b = -z.x + w.x
-    c = y.y - x.y
-    d = -z.y + w.y
-    """
-    The inverse matrix of
-    (a  b)        1       (d  -b)
-            = -------- *  (     )
-    (c  d)     ad - bc    (-c  a)
-    """
-    deter = a * d - b * c
-    if abs(deter) < 1.0e-8:
-        # They don't have an interference
-        return None, None, None
-
-    s = 1 / deter * (d * (w.x - x.x) + -b * (w.y - x.y))
-    t = 1 / deter * (-c * (w.x - x.x) + a * (w.y - x.y))
-    p1 = w + t * (z - w)
-    p2 = x + s * (y - x)
-    # print (f"p1 = ({p1.x:.3f}, {p1.y:.3f})")
-    # print (f"p2 = ({p2.x:.3f}, {p2.y:.3f})")
-    p = p1
-    return p, s, t
-
-
-def offset_path(self, path, offset_value=0):
-    # As this oveloading a regular method in a class
-    # it needs to have the very same definition (including the class
-    # reference self)
-    p = path_offset(
-        path,
-        offset_value=-offset_value,
-        radial_connector=True,
-        linearize=True,
-        interpolation=500,
-    )
-    if p is None:
-        p = path
-    return p
-
-
-def path_offset(
-    path, offset_value=0, radial_connector=False, linearize=True, interpolation=500
-):
-    MINIMAL_LEN = 5
-
-    def stitch_segments_at_index(
-        offset, stitchpath, seg1_end, orgintersect, radial=False, closed=False
-    ):
-        point_added = 0
-        left_end = seg1_end
-        lp = len(stitchpath)
-        right_start = left_end + 1
-        if right_start >= lp:
-            if not closed:
-                return point_added
-            # Look for the first segment
-            right_start = right_start % lp
-            while not isinstance(
-                stitchpath._segments[right_start],
-                (Arc, Line, QuadraticBezier, CubicBezier),
-            ):
-                right_start += 1
-        seg1 = stitchpath._segments[left_end]
-        seg2 = stitchpath._segments[right_start]
-
-        #  print (f"Stitch {left_end}: {type(seg1).__name__}, {right_start}: {type(seg2).__name__} - max={len(stitchpath._segments)}")
-        needs_connector = False
-        if isinstance(seg1, Close):
-            # Close will be dealt with differently...
-            return point_added
-        if isinstance(seg1, Move):
-            seg1.end = Point(seg2.start)
-            return point_added
-
-        if isinstance(seg1, Line):
-            needs_connector = True
-            if isinstance(seg2, Line):
-                p, s, t = intersect_line_segments(
-                    Point(seg1.start),
-                    Point(seg1.end),
-                    Point(seg2.start),
-                    Point(seg2.end),
-                )
-                if p is not None:
-                    # We have an intersection
-                    if 0 <= abs(s) <= 1 and 0 <= abs(t) <= 1:
-                        # We shorten the segments accordingly.
-                        seg1.end = Point(p)
-                        seg2.start = Point(p)
-                        if right_start > 0 and isinstance(
-                            stitchpath._segments[right_start - 1], Move
-                        ):
-                            stitchpath._segments[right_start - 1].end = Point(p)
-                        needs_connector = False
-                        # print ("Used internal intersect")
-                    elif not radial:
-                        # is the intersect too far away for our purposes?
-                        odist = orgintersect.distance_to(p)
-                        if odist > abs(offset):
-                            angle = orgintersect.angle_to(p)
-                            p = orgintersect.polar_to(angle, abs(offset))
-
-                            newseg1 = Line(seg1.end, p)
-                            newseg2 = Line(p, seg2.start)
-                            stitchpath._segments.insert(left_end + 1, newseg2)
-                            stitchpath._segments.insert(left_end + 1, newseg1)
-                            point_added = 2
-                            needs_connector = False
-                            # print ("Used shortened external intersect")
-                        else:
-                            seg1.end = Point(p)
-                            seg2.start = Point(p)
-                            if right_start > 0 and isinstance(
-                                stitchpath._segments[right_start - 1], Move
-                            ):
-                                stitchpath._segments[right_start - 1].end = Point(p)
-                            needs_connector = False
-                            # print ("Used external intersect")
-            elif isinstance(seg1, Move):
-                needs_connector = False
-        else:  # Arc, Quad and Cubic Bezier
-            needs_connector = True
-            if isinstance(seg2, Line):
-                needs_connector = True
-            elif isinstance(seg2, Move):
-                needs_connector = False
-
-        if needs_connector and seg1.end != seg2.start:
-            """
-            There is a fundamental challenge to this naiive implementation:
-            if the offset gets bigger you will get intersections of previous segments
-            which will effectively defeat it. You will end up with connection lines
-            reaching back creating a loop. Right now there's no real good way
-            to deal with it:
-            a) if it would be just the effort to create an offset of your path you
-            can apply an intersection algorithm like Bentley-Ottman to identify
-            intersections and remove them (or even simpler just use the
-            Point.convex_hull method in svgelements).
-            *BUT*
-            b) this might defeat the initial purpose of the routine to get some kerf
-            compensation. So you are effectively eliminating cutlines from your design
-            which may not be what you want.
-
-            So we try to avoid that by just looking at two consecutive path segments
-            as these were by definition continuous.
-            """
-
-            if radial:
-                # print ("Inserted an arc")
-                # Let's check whether the distance of these points is smaller
-                # than the radius
-
-                angle = seg1.end.angle_to(seg1.start) - seg1.end.angle_to(seg2.start)
-                while angle < 0:
-                    angle += tau
-                while angle > tau:
-                    angle -= tau
-                # print (f"Angle: {angle:.2f} ({angle / tau * 360.0:.1f})")
-                startpt = Point(seg1.end)
-                endpt = Point(seg2.start)
-
-                if angle >= tau / 2:
-                    ccw = True
-                else:
-                    ccw = False
-                # print ("Generate connect-arc")
-                connect_seg = Arc(
-                    start=startpt, end=endpt, center=Point(orgintersect), ccw=ccw
-                )
-                clen = connect_seg.length(error=1e-2)
-                # print (f"Ratio: {clen / abs(tau * offset):.2f}")
-                if clen > abs(tau * offset / 2):
-                    # That seems strange...
-                    connect_seg = Line(startpt, endpt)
-            else:
-                # print ("Inserted a Line")
-                connect_seg = Line(Point(seg1.end), Point(seg2.start))
-            stitchpath._segments.insert(left_end + 1, connect_seg)
-            point_added = 1
-        elif needs_connector:
-            # print ("Need connector but end points were identical")
-            pass
-        else:
-            # print ("No connector needed")
-            pass
-        return point_added
-
-    def close_subpath(radial, sub_path, firstidx, lastidx, offset, orgintersect):
-        # from time import perf_counter
-        seg1 = None
-        seg2 = None
-        very_first = None
-        very_last = None
-        # t_start = perf_counter()
-        idx = firstidx
-        while idx < len(sub_path._segments) and very_first is None:
-            seg = sub_path._segments[idx]
-            if seg.start is not None:
-                very_first = Point(seg.start)
-                seg1 = seg
-                break
-            idx += 1
-        idx = lastidx
-        while idx >= 0 and very_last is None:
-            seg = sub_path._segments[idx]
-            if seg.end is not None:
-                seg2 = seg
-                very_last = Point(seg.end)
-                break
-            idx -= 1
-        if very_first is None or very_last is None:
-            return
-        # print (f"{perf_counter()-t_start:.3f} Found first and last")
-        seglen = very_first.distance_to(very_last)
-        if seglen > MINIMAL_LEN:
-            p, s, t = intersect_line_segments(
-                Point(seg1.start),
-                Point(seg1.end),
-                Point(seg2.start),
-                Point(seg2.end),
-            )
-            if p is not None:
-                # We have an intersection and shorten the segments accordingly.
-                d = orgintersect.distance_to(p)
-                if 0 <= abs(s) <= 1 and 0 <= abs(t) <= 1:
-                    seg1.start = Point(p)
-                    seg2.end = Point(p)
-                    # print (f"{perf_counter()-t_start:.3f} Close subpath by adjusting inner lines, d={d:.2f} vs. offs={offset:.2f}")
-                elif d >= abs(offset):
-                    if radial:
-                        # print (f"{perf_counter()-t_start:.3f} Insert an arc")
-                        # Let's check whether the distance of these points is smaller
-                        # than the radius
-
-                        angle = seg1.end.angle_to(seg1.start) - seg1.end.angle_to(
-                            seg2.start
-                        )
-                        while angle < 0:
-                            angle += tau
-                        while angle > tau:
-                            angle -= tau
-                        # print (f"{perf_counter()-t_start:.3f} Angle: {angle:.2f} ({angle / tau * 360.0:.1f})")
-                        startpt = Point(seg2.end)
-                        endpt = Point(seg1.start)
-
-                        if angle >= tau / 2:
-                            ccw = True
-                        else:
-                            ccw = False
-                        # print (f"{perf_counter()-t_start:.3f} Generate connect-arc")
-                        # print (f"{perf_counter()-t_start:.3f} s={startpt}, e={endpt}, c={orgintersect}, ccw={ccw}")
-                        segment = Arc(
-                            start=startpt,
-                            end=endpt,
-                            center=Point(orgintersect),
-                            ccw=ccw,
-                        )
-                        # print (f"{perf_counter()-t_start:.3f} Now calculating length")
-                        clen = segment.length(error=1e-2)
-                        # print (f"{perf_counter()-t_start:.3f} Ratio: {clen / abs(tau * offset):.2f}")
-                        if clen > abs(tau * offset / 2):
-                            # That seems strange...
-                            segment = Line(startpt, endpt)
-                        # print(f"{perf_counter()-t_start:.3f} Inserting segment at {lastidx + 1}...")
-                        sub_path._segments.insert(lastidx + 1, segment)
-                        # print(f"{perf_counter()-t_start:.3f} Done.")
-
-                    else:
-                        p = orgintersect.polar_to(
-                            angle=orgintersect.angle_to(p),
-                            distance=abs(offset),
-                        )
-                        segment = Line(p, seg1.start)
-                        sub_path._segments.insert(lastidx + 1, segment)
-                        segment = Line(seg2.end, p)
-                        sub_path._segments.insert(lastidx + 1, segment)
-                        # sub_path._segments.insert(firstidx, segment)
-                        # print (f"Close subpath with interim pt, d={d:.2f} vs. offs={offset:.2f}")
-                else:
-                    seg1.start = Point(p)
-                    seg2.end = Point(p)
-                    # print (f"Close subpath by adjusting lines, d={d:.2f} vs. offs={offset:.2f}")
-            else:
-                segment = Line(very_last, very_first)
-                sub_path._segments.insert(lastidx + 1, segment)
-                # print ("Fallback case, just create  line")
-
-    def dis(pt):
-        if pt is None:
-            return "None"
-        else:
-            return f"({pt.x:.0f}, {pt.y:.0f})"
-
-    results = []
-    # This needs to be a continuous path
-    spct = 0
-    for subpath in path.as_subpaths():
-        spct += 1
-        # print (f"Subpath {spct}")
-        p = Path(subpath)
-        if not linearize:
-            # p.approximate_arcs_with_cubics()
-            pass
-        offset = offset_value
-        # # No offset bigger than half the path size, otherwise stuff will get crazy
-        # if offset > 0:
-        #     bb = p.bbox()
-        #     offset = min(offset, bb[2] - bb[0])
-        #     offset = min(offset, bb[3] - bb[1])
-        is_closed = False
-        # Lets check the first and last valid point. If they are identical
-        # we consider this to be a closed path even if it has no closed indicator.
-        firstp_start = None
-        lastp = None
-        idx = 0
-        while (idx < len(p)) and not isinstance(
-            p._segments[idx], (Arc, Line, QuadraticBezier, CubicBezier)
-        ):
-            idx += 1
-        firstp_start = Point(p._segments[idx].start)
-        idx = len(p._segments) - 1
-        while idx >= 0 and not isinstance(
-            p._segments[idx], (Arc, Line, QuadraticBezier, CubicBezier)
-        ):
-            idx -= 1
-        lastp = Point(p._segments[idx].end)
-        if firstp_start.distance_to(lastp) < 1e-3:
-            is_closed = True
-            # print ("Seems to be closed!")
-        # We need to establish if this is a closed path and if the first segment goes counterclockwise
-        cw = False
-        if not is_closed:
-            for idx in range(len(p._segments) - 1, -1, -1):
-                if isinstance(p._segments[idx], Close):
-                    is_closed = True
-                    break
-        if is_closed:
-            cw = is_clockwise(p, 0)
-            if cw:
-                offset = -1 * offset_value
-        # print (f"Subpath: closed={is_closed}, clockwise={cw}")
-        # Remember the complete subshape (could be multiple segements due to linearization)
-        last_point = None
-        first_point = None
-        is_closed = False
-        helper1 = None
-        helper2 = None
-        for idx in range(len(p._segments) - 1, -1, -1):
-            segment = p._segments[idx]
-            # print (f"Deal with seg {idx}: {type(segment).__name__} - {first_point}, {last_point}, {is_closed}")
-            if isinstance(segment, Close):
-                # Lets add an additional line and replace the closed segment by this new segment
-                # Look for the last two valid segments
-                last_point = None
-                first_point = None
-                pt_last = None
-                pt_first = None
-                idx1 = idx - 1
-                while idx1 >= 0:
-                    if isinstance(
-                        p._segments[idx1], (Arc, Line, QuadraticBezier, CubicBezier)
-                    ):
-                        pt_last = Point(p._segments[idx1].end)
-                        break
-                    idx1 -= 1
-                idx1 -= 1
-                while idx1 >= 0:
-                    if isinstance(
-                        p._segments[idx1], (Arc, Line, QuadraticBezier, CubicBezier)
-                    ):
-                        pt_first = Point(p._segments[idx1].start)
-                    else:
-                        break
-                    idx1 -= 1
-                if pt_last is not None and pt_first is not None:
-                    segment = Line(pt_last, pt_first)
-                    p._segments[idx] = segment
-                    last_point = idx
-                    is_closed = True
-                    cw = is_clockwise(p, max(0, idx1))
-                    if cw:
-                        offset = -1 * offset_value
-                else:
-                    # Invalid close?! Remove it
-                    p._segments.pop(idx)
-                    if last_point is not None:
-                        last_point -= 1
-                    continue
-            elif isinstance(segment, Move):
-                if last_point is not None and first_point is not None and is_closed:
-                    seglen = p._segments[first_point].start.distance_to(
-                        p._segments[last_point].end
-                    )
-                    if seglen > MINIMAL_LEN:
-                        close_subpath(
-                            radial_connector,
-                            p,
-                            first_point,
-                            last_point,
-                            offset,
-                            helper2,
-                        )
-                last_point = None
-                first_point = None
-            if segment.start is not None and segment.end is not None:
-                seglen = segment.start.distance_to(segment.end)
-                if seglen < MINIMAL_LEN:
-                    # print (f"Skipped: {seglen}")
-                    p._segments.pop(idx)
-                    if last_point is not None:
-                        last_point -= 1
-                    continue
-                first_point = idx
-                if last_point is None:
-                    last_point = idx
-                    is_closed = False
-                    offset = offset_value
-                    # We need to establish if this is a closed path and if it goes counterclockwise
-                    # Let establish the range and check whether this is closed
-                    idx1 = last_point - 1
-                    fpt = None
-                    while idx1 >= 0:
-                        seg = p._segments[idx1]
-                        if isinstance(seg, (Line, Arc, QuadraticBezier, CubicBezier)):
-                            fpt = seg.start
-                        idx1 -= 1
-                    if fpt is not None and segment.end.distance_to(fpt) < MINIMAL_LEN:
-                        is_closed = True
-                        cw = is_clockwise(p, max(0, idx1))
-                        if cw:
-                            offset = -1 * offset_value
-                        # print ("Seems to be closed!")
-                # print (f"Regular point: {idx}, {type(segment).__name__}, {first_point}, {last_point}, {is_closed}")
-            helper1 = Point(p._segments[idx].end)
-            helper2 = Point(p._segments[idx].start)
-            left_end = idx
-            #  print (f"Segment to deal with: {type(segment).__name__}")
-            if isinstance(segment, Arc):
-                arclinearize = linearize
-                # Arc is not working, so we always linearize
-                arclinearize = True
-                newsegment = offset_arc(segment, offset, arclinearize, interpolation)
-                if newsegment is None or len(newsegment) == 0:
-                    continue
-                left_end = idx - 1 + len(newsegment)
-                last_point += len(newsegment) - 1
-                p._segments[idx] = newsegment[0]
-                for nidx in range(len(newsegment) - 1, 0, -1):  # All but the first
-                    p._segments.insert(idx + 1, newsegment[nidx])
-            elif isinstance(segment, QuadraticBezier):
-                newsegment = offset_quad(segment, offset, linearize, interpolation)
-                if newsegment is None or len(newsegment) == 0:
-                    continue
-                left_end = idx - 1 + len(newsegment)
-                last_point += len(newsegment) - 1
-                p._segments[idx] = newsegment[0]
-                for nidx in range(len(newsegment) - 1, 0, -1):  # All but the first
-                    p._segments.insert(idx + 1, newsegment[nidx])
-            elif isinstance(segment, CubicBezier):
-                newsegment = offset_cubic(segment, offset, linearize, interpolation)
-                if newsegment is None or len(newsegment) == 0:
-                    continue
-                left_end = idx - 1 + len(newsegment)
-                last_point += len(newsegment) - 1
-                p._segments[idx] = newsegment[0]
-                for nidx in range(len(newsegment) - 1, 0, -1):  # All but the first
-                    p._segments.insert(idx + 1, newsegment[nidx])
-            elif isinstance(segment, Line):
-                newsegment = offset_line(segment, offset)
-                if newsegment is None or len(newsegment) == 0:
-                    continue
-                left_end = idx - 1 + len(newsegment)
-                last_point += len(newsegment) - 1
-                p._segments[idx] = newsegment[0]
-                for nidx in range(len(newsegment) - 1, 0, -1):  # All but the first
-                    p._segments.insert(idx + 1, newsegment[nidx])
-            stitched = stitch_segments_at_index(
-                offset, p, left_end, helper1, radial=radial_connector
-            )
-            if last_point is not None:
-                last_point += stitched
-        if last_point is not None and first_point is not None and is_closed:
-            seglen = p._segments[first_point].start.distance_to(
-                p._segments[last_point].end
-            )
-            if seglen > MINIMAL_LEN:
-                close_subpath(
-                    radial_connector, p, first_point, last_point, offset, helper2
-                )
-
-        results.append(p)
-
-    if len(results) == 0:
-        # Strange, should never happen
-        return path
-    result = results[0]
-    for idx in range(1, len(results)):
-        result += results[idx]
-    # result.approximate_arcs_with_cubics()
-    return result
-
-
-def plugin(kernel, lifecycle=None):
-    _ = kernel.translation
-    if lifecycle == "postboot":
-        init_commands(kernel)
-
-
-def init_commands(kernel):
-    self = kernel.elements
-
-    _ = kernel.translation
-
-    classify_new = self.post_classify
-    # We are patching the class responsible for Cut nodes in general,
-    # so that any new instance of this class will be able to use the
-    # new functionality.
-    # Notabene: this may be overloaded by another routine (like from pyclipr)
-    # at a later time.
-    from meerk40t.core.node.op_cut import CutOpNode
-
-    CutOpNode.offset_routine = offset_path
-
-    @self.console_argument(
-        "offset",
-        type=str,
-        help=_(
-            "offset to line mm (positive values to left/outside, negative values to right/inside)"
-        ),
-    )
-    @self.console_option(
-        "radial", "r", action="store_true", type=bool, help=_("radial connector")
-    )
-    @self.console_option(
-        "native",
-        "n",
-        action="store_true",
-        type=bool,
-        help=_("native path offset (use at you own risk)"),
-    )
-    @self.console_option(
-        "interpolation", "i", type=int, help=_("interpolation points per segment")
-    )
-    @self.console_command(
-        ("offset2", "offset"),
-        help=_("create an offset path for any of the given elements, old algorithm"),
-        input_type=(None, "elements"),
-        output_type="elements",
-    )
-    def element_offset_path(
-        command,
-        channel,
-        _,
-        offset=None,
-        radial=None,
-        native=False,
-        interpolation=None,
-        data=None,
-        post=None,
-        **kwargs,
-    ):
-        if data is None:
-            data = list(self.elems(emphasized=True))
-        if len(data) == 0:
-            channel(_("No elements selected"))
-            return "elements", data
-        if native:
-            linearize = False
-        else:
-            linearize = True
-        if interpolation is None:
-            interpolation = 500
-        if offset is None:
-            offset = 0
-        else:
-            try:
-                ll = Length(offset)
-                # Invert for right behaviour
-                offset = -1.0 * float(ll)
-            except ValueError:
-                offset = 0
-        if radial is None:
-            radial = False
-        data_out = list()
-        for node in data:
-            if hasattr(node, "as_path"):
-                p = abs(node.as_path())
-            else:
-                bb = node.bounds
-                if bb is None:
-                    # Node has no bounds or space, therefore no offset outline.
-                    return "elements", data_out
-                p = Geomstr.rect(
-                    x=bb[0], y=bb[1], width=bb[2] - bb[0], height=bb[3] - bb[1]
-                ).as_path()
-
-            node_path = path_offset(
-                p,
-                offset,
-                radial_connector=radial,
-                linearize=linearize,
-                interpolation=interpolation,
-            )
-            if node_path is None or len(node_path) == 0:
-                continue
-            node_path.validate_connections()
-            newnode = self.elem_branch.add(
-                path=node_path, type="elem path", stroke=node.stroke
-            )
-            newnode.stroke_width = UNITS_PER_PIXEL
-            newnode.linejoin = Linejoin.JOIN_ROUND
-            newnode.label = f"Offset of {node.id if node.label is None else node.label}"
-            data_out.append(newnode)
-
-        # Newly created! Classification needed?
-        if len(data_out) > 0:
-            post.append(classify_new(data_out))
-            self.signal("refresh_scene", "Scene")
-        return "elements", data_out
-
-    # --------------------------- END COMMANDS ------------------------------
+"""
+This adds console commands that deal with the creation of an offset
+"""
+from copy import copy
+from math import atan2, tau
+
+from meerk40t.core.node.node import Linejoin
+from meerk40t.core.units import UNITS_PER_PIXEL, Length
+from meerk40t.svgelements import (
+    Arc,
+    Close,
+    CubicBezier,
+    Line,
+    Move,
+    Path,
+    Point,
+    QuadraticBezier,
+)
+from meerk40t.tools.geomstr import Geomstr
+
+"""
+The following routines deal with the offset of an SVG path at a given distance D.
+An offset or parallel curve can easily be established:
+    - for a line segment by another line parallel and in distance D:
+        Establish the two normals with length D on the end points and
+        create the two new endpoints
+    - for an arc segment: elongate rx and ry by D
+To establish an offset for a quadratic or cubic bezier by another cubic bezier
+is not possible so this requires approximation.
+An acceptable approximation is proposed by Tiller and Hanson:
+    P1 start point
+    P2 end point
+    C1 control point 1
+    C2 control point 2
+    You create the offset version of these 3 lines and look for their intersections:
+        - offset to (P1 C1)  -> helper 1
+        - offset to (C1 C2)  -> helper 2
+        - offset to (P2 C2)  -> helper 3
+        we establish P1-new
+        the intersections between helper 1 and helper 2 is our new control point C1-new
+        the intersections between helper 2 and helper 3 is our new control point C2-new
+
+
+
+A good visual representation can be seen here:
+https://feirell.github.io/offset-bezier/
+
+The algorithm deals with the challenge as follows:
+a) It walks through the subpaths of a given path so that we have a continuous curve
+b) It looks at the different segment typs and deals with them,
+generating a new offseted segment
+c) Finally it stitches those segments together, preparing for the simplification
+"""
+
+
+def norm_vector(p1, p2, target_len):
+    line_vector = p2 - p1
+    # if line_vector.x == 0 and line_vector.y == 0:
+    #     return Point(target_len, 0)
+    factor = target_len
+    normal_vector = Point(-1 * line_vector.y, line_vector.x)
+    normlen = abs(normal_vector)
+    if normlen != 0:
+        factor = target_len / normlen
+    normal_vector *= factor
+    return normal_vector
+
+
+def is_clockwise(path, start=0):
+    def poly_clockwise(poly):
+        """
+        returns True if the polygon is clockwise ordered, false if not
+        """
+
+        total = (
+            poly[-1].x * poly[0].y - poly[0].x * poly[-1].y
+        )  # last point to first point
+        for i in range(len(poly) - 1):
+            total += poly[i].x * poly[i + 1].y - poly[i + 1].x * poly[i].y
+
+        if total <= 0:
+            return True
+        else:
+            return False
+
+    poly = []
+    idx = start
+    while idx < len(path._segments):
+        seg = path._segments[idx]
+        if isinstance(seg, (Arc, Line, QuadraticBezier, CubicBezier)):
+            if len(poly) == 0:
+                poly.append(seg.start)
+            poly.append(seg.end)
+        else:
+            if len(poly) > 0:
+                break
+        idx += 1
+    if len(poly) == 0:
+        res = True
+    else:
+        res = poly_clockwise(poly)
+    return res
+
+
+def linearize_segment(segment, interpolation=500, reduce=True):
+    slope_tolerance = 0.001
+    s = []
+    delta = 1.0 / interpolation
+    lastpt = None
+    t = 0
+    last_slope = None
+    while t <= 1:
+        appendit = True
+        np = segment.point(t)
+        if lastpt is not None:
+            dx = lastpt.x - np.x
+            dy = lastpt.y - np.y
+            if abs(dx) < 1e-6 and abs(dy) < 1e-6:
+                appendit = False
+                # identical points!
+            else:
+                this_slope = atan2(dy, dx)
+                if last_slope is not None:
+                    if abs(last_slope - this_slope) < slope_tolerance:
+                        # Combine segments, i.e. get rid of mid point
+                        this_slope = last_slope
+                        appendit = False
+                last_slope = this_slope
+
+        if appendit or not reduce:
+            s.append(np)
+        else:
+            s[-1] = np
+        t += delta
+        lastpt = np
+    if s[-1] != segment.end:
+        np = Point(segment.end)
+        s.append(np)
+    # print (f"linearize: {type(segment).__name__}")
+    # print (f"Start: ({segment.start.x:.0f}, {segment.start.y:.0f}) - ({s[0].x:.0f}, {s[0].y:.0f})")
+    # print (f"End: ({segment.end.x:.0f}, {segment.end.y:.0f}) - ({s[-1].x:.0f}, {s[-1].y:.0f})")
+    return s
+
+
+def offset_point_array(points, offset):
+    result = list()
+    p0 = None
+    for idx, p1 in enumerate(points):
+        if idx > 0:
+            nv = norm_vector(p0, p1, offset)
+            result.append(p0 + nv)
+            result.append(p1 + nv)
+        p0 = Point(p1)
+    for idx in range(3, len(result)):
+        w = result[idx - 3]
+        z = result[idx - 2]
+        x = result[idx - 1]
+        y = result[idx]
+        p_i, s, t = intersect_line_segments(w, z, x, y)
+        if p_i is None:
+            continue
+        result[idx - 2] = Point(p_i)
+        result[idx - 1] = Point(p_i)
+    return result
+
+
+def offset_arc(segment, offset=0, linearize=False, interpolation=500):
+    if not isinstance(segment, Arc):
+        return None
+    newsegments = list()
+    if linearize:
+        s = linearize_segment(segment, interpolation=interpolation, reduce=True)
+        s = offset_point_array(s, offset)
+        for idx in range(1, len(s)):
+            seg = Line(
+                start=Point(s[idx - 1][0], s[idx - 1][1]),
+                end=Point(s[idx][0], s[idx][1]),
+            )
+            newsegments.append(seg)
+    else:
+        centerpt = Point(segment.center)
+        startpt = centerpt.polar_to(
+            angle=centerpt.angle_to(segment.start),
+            distance=centerpt.distance_to(segment.start) + offset,
+        )
+        endpt = centerpt.polar_to(
+            angle=centerpt.angle_to(segment.end),
+            distance=centerpt.distance_to(segment.end) + offset,
+        )
+        newseg = Arc(
+            startpt,
+            endpt,
+            centerpt,
+            #         ccw=ccw,
+        )
+        newsegments.append(newseg)
+    return newsegments
+
+
+def offset_line(segment, offset=0):
+    if not isinstance(segment, Line):
+        return None
+    newseg = copy(segment)
+    normal_vector = norm_vector(segment.start, segment.end, offset)
+    newseg.start += normal_vector
+    newseg.end += normal_vector
+    # print (f"Old= ({segment.start.x:.0f}, {segment.start.y:.0f})-({segment.end.x:.0f}, {segment.end.y:.0f})")
+    # print (f"New= ({newsegment.start.x:.0f}, {newsegment.start.y:.0f})-({newsegment.end.x:.0f}, {newsegment.end.y:.0f})")
+    return [newseg]
+
+
+def offset_quad(segment, offset=0, linearize=False, interpolation=500):
+    if not isinstance(segment, QuadraticBezier):
+        return None
+    cubic = CubicBezier(
+        start=segment.start,
+        control1=segment.start + 2 / 3 * (segment.control - segment.start),
+        control2=segment.end + 2 / 3 * (segment.control - segment.end),
+        end=segment.end,
+    )
+    newsegments = offset_cubic(cubic, offset, linearize, interpolation)
+
+    return newsegments
+
+
+def offset_cubic(segment, offset=0, linearize=False, interpolation=500):
+    """
+    To establish an offset for a quadratic or cubic bezier by another cubic bezier
+    is not possible so this requires approximation.
+    An acceptable approximation is proposed by Tiller and Hanson:
+        P1 start point
+        P2 end point
+        C1 control point 1
+        C2 control point 2
+        You create the offset version of these 3 lines and look for their intersections:
+        - offset to (P1 C1)  -> helper 1
+        - offset to (C1 C2)  -> helper 2
+        - offset to (P2 C2)  -> helper 3
+        we establish P1-new
+        the intersections between helper 1 and helper 2 is our new control point C1-new
+        the intersections between helper 2 and helper 3 is our new control point C2-new
+
+        Beware, this has limitations! It's not dealing well with curves that have cusps
+    """
+
+    if not isinstance(segment, CubicBezier):
+        return None
+    newsegments = list()
+    if linearize:
+        s = linearize_segment(segment, interpolation=interpolation, reduce=True)
+        s = offset_point_array(s, offset)
+        for idx in range(1, len(s)):
+            seg = Line(
+                start=Point(s[idx - 1][0], s[idx - 1][1]),
+                end=Point(s[idx][0], s[idx][1]),
+            )
+            newsegments.append(seg)
+    else:
+        newseg = copy(segment)
+        if segment.control1 == segment.start:
+            p1 = segment.control2
+        else:
+            p1 = segment.control1
+        normal_vector1 = norm_vector(segment.start, p1, offset)
+        if segment.control2 == segment.end:
+            p1 = segment.control1
+        else:
+            p1 = segment.control2
+        normal_vector2 = norm_vector(p1, segment.end, offset)
+        normal_vector3 = norm_vector(segment.control1, segment.control2, offset)
+
+        newseg.start += normal_vector1
+        newseg.end += normal_vector2
+
+        v = segment.start + normal_vector1
+        w = segment.control1 + normal_vector1
+        x = segment.control1 + normal_vector3
+        y = segment.control2 + normal_vector3
+        intersect, s, t = intersect_line_segments(v, w, x, y)
+        if intersect is None:
+            # Fallback
+            intersect = segment.control1 + 0.5 * (normal_vector1 + normal_vector3)
+        newseg.control1 = intersect
+
+        x = segment.control2 + normal_vector2
+        y = segment.end + normal_vector2
+        v = segment.control1 + normal_vector3
+        w = segment.control2 + normal_vector3
+        intersect, s, t = intersect_line_segments(v, w, x, y)
+        if intersect is None:
+            # Fallback
+            intersect = segment.control2 + 0.5 * (normal_vector2 + normal_vector3)
+        newseg.control2 = intersect
+        # print (f"Old: start=({segment.start.x:.0f}, {segment.start.y:.0f}), c1=({segment.control1.x:.0f}, {segment.control1.y:.0f}), c2=({segment.control2.x:.0f}, {segment.control2.y:.0f}), end=({segment.end.x:.0f}, {segment.end.y:.0f})")
+        # print (f"New: start=({newsegment.start.x:.0f}, {newsegment.start.y:.0f}), c1=({newsegment.control1.x:.0f}, {newsegment.control1.y:.0f}), c2=({newsegment.control2.x:.0f}, {newsegment.control2.y:.0f}), end=({newsegment.end.x:.0f}, {newsegment.end.y:.0f})")
+        newsegments.append(newseg)
+    return newsegments
+
+
+def intersect_line_segments(w, z, x, y):
+    """
+    We establish the intersection between two lines given by
+    line1 = (w, z), line2 = (x, y)
+    We define the first line by the equation w + s * (z - w)
+    We define the second line by the equation x + t * (y - x)
+    We give back the intersection and the values for s and t
+    out of these two equations at the intersection point.
+    Notabene: if the intersection is on the two line segments
+    then s and t need to be between 0 and 1.
+
+    Args:
+        w (Point): Start point of the first line segment
+        z (Point): End point of the second line segment
+        x (Point): Start point of the first line segment
+        y (Point): End point of the second line segment
+    Returns three values: P, s, t
+        P: Point of intersection, None if the two lines have no intersection
+        S: Value for s in P = w + s * (z - w)
+        T: Value for t in P = x + t * (y - x)
+
+        ( w1 )     ( z1 - w1 )    ( x1 )     ( y1 - x1 )
+        (    ) + t (         )  = (    ) + s (         )
+        ( w2 )     ( z2 - w2 )    ( y1 )     ( y2 - x2 )
+
+        ( w1 - x1 )     ( y1 - x1 )     ( z1 - w1 )
+        (         ) = s (         ) - t (         )
+        ( w2 - x2 )     ( y2 - x2 )     ( z2 - w2 )
+
+        ( w1 - x1 )    ( y1 - x1   -z1 + w1 ) ( s )
+        (         ) =  (                    ) (   )
+        ( w2 - x2 )    ( y2 - x2   -z2 + w2 ) ( t )
+
+    """
+    a = y.x - x.x
+    b = -z.x + w.x
+    c = y.y - x.y
+    d = -z.y + w.y
+    """
+    The inverse matrix of
+    (a  b)        1       (d  -b)
+            = -------- *  (     )
+    (c  d)     ad - bc    (-c  a)
+    """
+    deter = a * d - b * c
+    if abs(deter) < 1.0e-8:
+        # They don't have an interference
+        return None, None, None
+
+    s = 1 / deter * (d * (w.x - x.x) + -b * (w.y - x.y))
+    t = 1 / deter * (-c * (w.x - x.x) + a * (w.y - x.y))
+    p1 = w + t * (z - w)
+    # p2 = x + s * (y - x)
+    # print (f"p1 = ({p1.x:.3f}, {p1.y:.3f})")
+    # print (f"p2 = ({p2.x:.3f}, {p2.y:.3f})")
+    p = p1
+    return p, s, t
+
+
+def offset_path(self, path, offset_value=0):
+    # As this oveloading a regular method in a class
+    # it needs to have the very same definition (including the class
+    # reference self)
+    p = path_offset(
+        path,
+        offset_value=-offset_value,
+        radial_connector=True,
+        linearize=True,
+        interpolation=500,
+    )
+    if p is None:
+        return path
+    g = Geomstr.svg(p)
+    if g.index:
+        # We are already at device resolution, so we need to reduce tolerance a lot
+        # Standard is 25 tats, so about 1/3 of a mil
+        p = g.simplify(tolerance=0.1).as_path()
+        p.stroke = path.stroke
+        p.fill = path.fill
+    return p
+
+
+def path_offset(
+    path, offset_value=0, radial_connector=False, linearize=True, interpolation=500
+):
+    MINIMAL_LEN = 5
+
+    def stitch_segments_at_index(
+        offset, stitchpath, seg1_end, orgintersect, radial=False, closed=False
+    ):
+        point_added = 0
+        left_end = seg1_end
+        lp = len(stitchpath)
+        right_start = left_end + 1
+        if right_start >= lp:
+            if not closed:
+                return point_added
+            # Look for the first segment
+            right_start = right_start % lp
+            while not isinstance(
+                stitchpath._segments[right_start],
+                (Arc, Line, QuadraticBezier, CubicBezier),
+            ):
+                right_start += 1
+        seg1 = stitchpath._segments[left_end]
+        seg2 = stitchpath._segments[right_start]
+
+        #  print (f"Stitch {left_end}: {type(seg1).__name__}, {right_start}: {type(seg2).__name__} - max={len(stitchpath._segments)}")
+        if isinstance(seg1, Close):
+            # Close will be dealt with differently...
+            return point_added
+        if isinstance(seg1, Move):
+            seg1.end = Point(seg2.start)
+            return point_added
+
+        if isinstance(seg1, Line):
+            needs_connector = True
+            if isinstance(seg2, Line):
+                p, s, t = intersect_line_segments(
+                    Point(seg1.start),
+                    Point(seg1.end),
+                    Point(seg2.start),
+                    Point(seg2.end),
+                )
+                if p is not None:
+                    # We have an intersection
+                    if 0 <= abs(s) <= 1 and 0 <= abs(t) <= 1:
+                        # We shorten the segments accordingly.
+                        seg1.end = Point(p)
+                        seg2.start = Point(p)
+                        if right_start > 0 and isinstance(
+                            stitchpath._segments[right_start - 1], Move
+                        ):
+                            stitchpath._segments[right_start - 1].end = Point(p)
+                        needs_connector = False
+                        # print ("Used internal intersect")
+                    elif not radial:
+                        # is the intersection too far away for our purposes?
+                        odist = orgintersect.distance_to(p)
+                        if odist > abs(offset):
+                            angle = orgintersect.angle_to(p)
+                            p = orgintersect.polar_to(angle, abs(offset))
+
+                            newseg1 = Line(seg1.end, p)
+                            newseg2 = Line(p, seg2.start)
+                            stitchpath._segments.insert(left_end + 1, newseg2)
+                            stitchpath._segments.insert(left_end + 1, newseg1)
+                            point_added = 2
+                            needs_connector = False
+                            # print ("Used shortened external intersect")
+                        else:
+                            seg1.end = Point(p)
+                            seg2.start = Point(p)
+                            if right_start > 0 and isinstance(
+                                stitchpath._segments[right_start - 1], Move
+                            ):
+                                stitchpath._segments[right_start - 1].end = Point(p)
+                            needs_connector = False
+                            # print ("Used external intersect")
+            elif isinstance(seg1, Move):
+                needs_connector = False
+        else:  # Arc, Quad and Cubic Bezier
+            needs_connector = True
+            if isinstance(seg2, Line):
+                needs_connector = True
+            elif isinstance(seg2, Move):
+                needs_connector = False
+
+        if needs_connector and seg1.end != seg2.start:
+            """
+            There is a fundamental challenge to this naiive implementation:
+            if the offset gets bigger you will get intersections of previous segments
+            which will effectively defeat it. You will end up with connection lines
+            reaching back creating a loop. Right now there's no real good way
+            to deal with it:
+            a) if it would be just the effort to create an offset of your path you
+            can apply an intersection algorithm like Bentley-Ottman to identify
+            intersections and remove them (or even simpler just use the
+            Point.convex_hull method in svgelements).
+            *BUT*
+            b) this might defeat the initial purpose of the routine to get some kerf
+            compensation. So you are effectively eliminating cutlines from your design
+            which may not be what you want.
+
+            So we try to avoid that by just looking at two consecutive path segments
+            as these were by definition continuous.
+            """
+
+            if radial:
+                # print ("Inserted an arc")
+                # Let's check whether the distance of these points is smaller
+                # than the radius
+
+                angle = seg1.end.angle_to(seg1.start) - seg1.end.angle_to(seg2.start)
+                while angle < 0:
+                    angle += tau
+                while angle > tau:
+                    angle -= tau
+                # print (f"Angle: {angle:.2f} ({angle / tau * 360.0:.1f})")
+                startpt = Point(seg1.end)
+                endpt = Point(seg2.start)
+
+                if angle >= tau / 2:
+                    ccw = True
+                else:
+                    ccw = False
+                # print ("Generate connect-arc")
+                connect_seg = Arc(
+                    start=startpt, end=endpt, center=Point(orgintersect), ccw=ccw
+                )
+                clen = connect_seg.length(error=1e-2)
+                # print (f"Ratio: {clen / abs(tau * offset):.2f}")
+                if clen > abs(tau * offset / 2):
+                    # That seems strange...
+                    connect_seg = Line(startpt, endpt)
+            else:
+                # print ("Inserted a Line")
+                connect_seg = Line(Point(seg1.end), Point(seg2.start))
+            stitchpath._segments.insert(left_end + 1, connect_seg)
+            point_added = 1
+        elif needs_connector:
+            # print ("Need connector but end points were identical")
+            pass
+        else:
+            # print ("No connector needed")
+            pass
+        return point_added
+
+    def close_subpath(radial, sub_path, firstidx, lastidx, offset, orgintersect):
+        # from time import perf_counter
+        seg1 = None
+        seg2 = None
+        very_first = None
+        very_last = None
+        # t_start = perf_counter()
+        idx = firstidx
+        while idx < len(sub_path._segments) and very_first is None:
+            seg = sub_path._segments[idx]
+            if seg.start is not None:
+                very_first = Point(seg.start)
+                seg1 = seg
+                break
+            idx += 1
+        idx = lastidx
+        while idx >= 0 and very_last is None:
+            seg = sub_path._segments[idx]
+            if seg.end is not None:
+                seg2 = seg
+                very_last = Point(seg.end)
+                break
+            idx -= 1
+        if very_first is None or very_last is None:
+            return
+        # print (f"{perf_counter()-t_start:.3f} Found first and last")
+        seglen = very_first.distance_to(very_last)
+        if seglen > MINIMAL_LEN:
+            p, s, t = intersect_line_segments(
+                Point(seg1.start),
+                Point(seg1.end),
+                Point(seg2.start),
+                Point(seg2.end),
+            )
+            if p is not None:
+                # We have an intersection and shorten the segments accordingly.
+                d = orgintersect.distance_to(p)
+                if 0 <= abs(s) <= 1 and 0 <= abs(t) <= 1:
+                    seg1.start = Point(p)
+                    seg2.end = Point(p)
+                    # print (f"{perf_counter()-t_start:.3f} Close subpath by adjusting inner lines, d={d:.2f} vs. offs={offset:.2f}")
+                elif d >= abs(offset):
+                    if radial:
+                        # print (f"{perf_counter()-t_start:.3f} Insert an arc")
+                        # Let's check whether the distance of these points is smaller
+                        # than the radius
+
+                        angle = seg1.end.angle_to(seg1.start) - seg1.end.angle_to(
+                            seg2.start
+                        )
+                        while angle < 0:
+                            angle += tau
+                        while angle > tau:
+                            angle -= tau
+                        # print (f"{perf_counter()-t_start:.3f} Angle: {angle:.2f} ({angle / tau * 360.0:.1f})")
+                        startpt = Point(seg2.end)
+                        endpt = Point(seg1.start)
+
+                        if angle >= tau / 2:
+                            ccw = True
+                        else:
+                            ccw = False
+                        # print (f"{perf_counter()-t_start:.3f} Generate connect-arc")
+                        # print (f"{perf_counter()-t_start:.3f} s={startpt}, e={endpt}, c={orgintersect}, ccw={ccw}")
+                        segment = Arc(
+                            start=startpt,
+                            end=endpt,
+                            center=Point(orgintersect),
+                            ccw=ccw,
+                        )
+                        # print (f"{perf_counter()-t_start:.3f} Now calculating length")
+                        clen = segment.length(error=1e-2)
+                        # print (f"{perf_counter()-t_start:.3f} Ratio: {clen / abs(tau * offset):.2f}")
+                        if clen > abs(tau * offset / 2):
+                            # That seems strange...
+                            segment = Line(startpt, endpt)
+                        # print(f"{perf_counter()-t_start:.3f} Inserting segment at {lastidx + 1}...")
+                        sub_path._segments.insert(lastidx + 1, segment)
+                        # print(f"{perf_counter()-t_start:.3f} Done.")
+
+                    else:
+                        p = orgintersect.polar_to(
+                            angle=orgintersect.angle_to(p),
+                            distance=abs(offset),
+                        )
+                        segment = Line(p, seg1.start)
+                        sub_path._segments.insert(lastidx + 1, segment)
+                        segment = Line(seg2.end, p)
+                        sub_path._segments.insert(lastidx + 1, segment)
+                        # sub_path._segments.insert(firstidx, segment)
+                        # print (f"Close subpath with interim pt, d={d:.2f} vs. offs={offset:.2f}")
+                else:
+                    seg1.start = Point(p)
+                    seg2.end = Point(p)
+                    # print (f"Close subpath by adjusting lines, d={d:.2f} vs. offs={offset:.2f}")
+            else:
+                segment = Line(very_last, very_first)
+                sub_path._segments.insert(lastidx + 1, segment)
+                # print ("Fallback case, just create  line")
+
+    # def dis(pt):
+    #     if pt is None:
+    #         return "None"
+    #     else:
+    #         return f"({pt.x:.0f}, {pt.y:.0f})"
+
+    results = []
+    # This needs to be a continuous path
+    spct = 0
+    for subpath in path.as_subpaths():
+        spct += 1
+        # print (f"Subpath {spct}")
+        p = Path(subpath)
+        if not linearize:
+            # p.approximate_arcs_with_cubics()
+            pass
+        offset = offset_value
+        # # No offset bigger than half the path size, otherwise stuff will get crazy
+        # if offset > 0:
+        #     bb = p.bbox()
+        #     offset = min(offset, bb[2] - bb[0])
+        #     offset = min(offset, bb[3] - bb[1])
+        is_closed = False
+        # Let's check the first and last valid point. If they are identical
+        # we consider this to be a closed path even if it has no closed indicator.
+        # firstp_start = None
+        # lastp = None
+        idx = 0
+        while (idx < len(p)) and not isinstance(
+            p._segments[idx], (Arc, Line, QuadraticBezier, CubicBezier)
+        ):
+            idx += 1
+        firstp_start = Point(p._segments[idx].start)
+        idx = len(p._segments) - 1
+        while idx >= 0 and not isinstance(
+            p._segments[idx], (Arc, Line, QuadraticBezier, CubicBezier)
+        ):
+            idx -= 1
+        lastp = Point(p._segments[idx].end)
+        if firstp_start.distance_to(lastp) < 1e-3:
+            is_closed = True
+            # print ("Seems to be closed!")
+        # We need to establish if this is a closed path and if the first segment goes counterclockwise
+        cw = False
+        if not is_closed:
+            for idx in range(len(p._segments) - 1, -1, -1):
+                if isinstance(p._segments[idx], Close):
+                    is_closed = True
+                    break
+        if is_closed:
+            cw = is_clockwise(p, 0)
+            if cw:
+                offset = -1 * offset_value
+        # print (f"Subpath: closed={is_closed}, clockwise={cw}")
+        # Remember the complete subshape (could be multiple segements due to linearization)
+        last_point = None
+        first_point = None
+        is_closed = False
+        helper1 = None
+        helper2 = None
+        for idx in range(len(p._segments) - 1, -1, -1):
+            segment = p._segments[idx]
+            # print (f"Deal with seg {idx}: {type(segment).__name__} - {first_point}, {last_point}, {is_closed}")
+            if isinstance(segment, Close):
+                # Let's add a line and replace the closed segment by this new segment
+                # Look for the last two valid segments
+                last_point = None
+                first_point = None
+                pt_last = None
+                pt_first = None
+                idx1 = idx - 1
+                while idx1 >= 0:
+                    if isinstance(
+                        p._segments[idx1], (Arc, Line, QuadraticBezier, CubicBezier)
+                    ):
+                        pt_last = Point(p._segments[idx1].end)
+                        break
+                    idx1 -= 1
+                idx1 -= 1
+                while idx1 >= 0:
+                    if isinstance(
+                        p._segments[idx1], (Arc, Line, QuadraticBezier, CubicBezier)
+                    ):
+                        pt_first = Point(p._segments[idx1].start)
+                    else:
+                        break
+                    idx1 -= 1
+                if pt_last is not None and pt_first is not None:
+                    segment = Line(pt_last, pt_first)
+                    p._segments[idx] = segment
+                    last_point = idx
+                    is_closed = True
+                    cw = is_clockwise(p, max(0, idx1))
+                    if cw:
+                        offset = -1 * offset_value
+                else:
+                    # Invalid close?! Remove it
+                    p._segments.pop(idx)
+                    if last_point is not None:
+                        last_point -= 1
+                    continue
+            elif isinstance(segment, Move):
+                if last_point is not None and first_point is not None and is_closed:
+                    seglen = p._segments[first_point].start.distance_to(
+                        p._segments[last_point].end
+                    )
+                    if seglen > MINIMAL_LEN:
+                        close_subpath(
+                            radial_connector,
+                            p,
+                            first_point,
+                            last_point,
+                            offset,
+                            helper2,
+                        )
+                last_point = None
+                first_point = None
+            if segment.start is not None and segment.end is not None:
+                seglen = segment.start.distance_to(segment.end)
+                if seglen < MINIMAL_LEN:
+                    # print (f"Skipped: {seglen}")
+                    p._segments.pop(idx)
+                    if last_point is not None:
+                        last_point -= 1
+                    continue
+                first_point = idx
+                if last_point is None:
+                    last_point = idx
+                    is_closed = False
+                    offset = offset_value
+                    # We need to establish if this is a closed path and if it goes counterclockwise
+                    # Let establish the range and check whether this is closed
+                    idx1 = last_point - 1
+                    fpt = None
+                    while idx1 >= 0:
+                        seg = p._segments[idx1]
+                        if isinstance(seg, (Line, Arc, QuadraticBezier, CubicBezier)):
+                            fpt = seg.start
+                        idx1 -= 1
+                    if fpt is not None and segment.end.distance_to(fpt) < MINIMAL_LEN:
+                        is_closed = True
+                        cw = is_clockwise(p, max(0, idx1))
+                        if cw:
+                            offset = -1 * offset_value
+                        # print ("Seems to be closed!")
+                # print (f"Regular point: {idx}, {type(segment).__name__}, {first_point}, {last_point}, {is_closed}")
+            helper1 = Point(p._segments[idx].end)
+            helper2 = Point(p._segments[idx].start)
+            left_end = idx
+            #  print (f"Segment to deal with: {type(segment).__name__}")
+            if isinstance(segment, Arc):
+                arclinearize = linearize
+                # Arc is not working, so we always linearize
+                arclinearize = True
+                newsegment = offset_arc(segment, offset, arclinearize, interpolation)
+                if newsegment is None or len(newsegment) == 0:
+                    continue
+                left_end = idx - 1 + len(newsegment)
+                last_point += len(newsegment) - 1
+                p._segments[idx] = newsegment[0]
+                for nidx in range(len(newsegment) - 1, 0, -1):  # All but the first
+                    p._segments.insert(idx + 1, newsegment[nidx])
+            elif isinstance(segment, QuadraticBezier):
+                newsegment = offset_quad(segment, offset, linearize, interpolation)
+                if newsegment is None or len(newsegment) == 0:
+                    continue
+                left_end = idx - 1 + len(newsegment)
+                last_point += len(newsegment) - 1
+                p._segments[idx] = newsegment[0]
+                for nidx in range(len(newsegment) - 1, 0, -1):  # All but the first
+                    p._segments.insert(idx + 1, newsegment[nidx])
+            elif isinstance(segment, CubicBezier):
+                newsegment = offset_cubic(segment, offset, linearize, interpolation)
+                if newsegment is None or len(newsegment) == 0:
+                    continue
+                left_end = idx - 1 + len(newsegment)
+                last_point += len(newsegment) - 1
+                p._segments[idx] = newsegment[0]
+                for nidx in range(len(newsegment) - 1, 0, -1):  # All but the first
+                    p._segments.insert(idx + 1, newsegment[nidx])
+            elif isinstance(segment, Line):
+                newsegment = offset_line(segment, offset)
+                if newsegment is None or len(newsegment) == 0:
+                    continue
+                left_end = idx - 1 + len(newsegment)
+                last_point += len(newsegment) - 1
+                p._segments[idx] = newsegment[0]
+                for nidx in range(len(newsegment) - 1, 0, -1):  # All but the first
+                    p._segments.insert(idx + 1, newsegment[nidx])
+            stitched = stitch_segments_at_index(
+                offset, p, left_end, helper1, radial=radial_connector
+            )
+            if last_point is not None:
+                last_point += stitched
+        if last_point is not None and first_point is not None and is_closed:
+            seglen = p._segments[first_point].start.distance_to(
+                p._segments[last_point].end
+            )
+            if seglen > MINIMAL_LEN:
+                close_subpath(
+                    radial_connector, p, first_point, last_point, offset, helper2
+                )
+
+        results.append(p)
+
+    if len(results) == 0:
+        # Strange, should never happen
+        return path
+    result = results[0]
+    for idx in range(1, len(results)):
+        result += results[idx]
+    # result.approximate_arcs_with_cubics()
+    return result
+
+
+def plugin(kernel, lifecycle=None):
+    _ = kernel.translation
+    if lifecycle == "postboot":
+        init_commands(kernel)
+
+
+def init_commands(kernel):
+    self = kernel.elements
+
+    _ = kernel.translation
+
+    classify_new = self.post_classify
+    # We are patching the class responsible for Cut nodes in general,
+    # so that any new instance of this class will be able to use the
+    # new functionality.
+    # Notabene: this may be overloaded by another routine (like from pyclipr)
+    # at a later time.
+    from meerk40t.core.node.op_cut import CutOpNode
+
+    CutOpNode.offset_routine = offset_path
+
+    @self.console_argument(
+        "offset",
+        type=str,
+        help=_(
+            "offset to line mm (positive values to left/outside, negative values to right/inside)"
+        ),
+    )
+    @self.console_option(
+        "radial", "r", action="store_true", type=bool, help=_("radial connector")
+    )
+    @self.console_option(
+        "native",
+        "n",
+        action="store_true",
+        type=bool,
+        help=_("native path offset (use at you own risk)"),
+    )
+    @self.console_option(
+        "interpolation", "i", type=int, help=_("interpolation points per segment")
+    )
+    @self.console_command(
+        ("offset2", "offset"),
+        help=_("create an offset path for any of the given elements, old algorithm"),
+        input_type=(None, "elements"),
+        output_type="elements",
+    )
+    def element_offset_path(
+        command,
+        channel,
+        _,
+        offset=None,
+        radial=None,
+        native=False,
+        interpolation=None,
+        data=None,
+        post=None,
+        **kwargs,
+    ):
+        if data is None:
+            data = list(self.elems(emphasized=True))
+        if len(data) == 0:
+            channel(_("No elements selected"))
+            return "elements", data
+        if native:
+            linearize = False
+        else:
+            linearize = True
+        if interpolation is None:
+            interpolation = 500
+        if offset is None:
+            offset = 0
+        else:
+            try:
+                ll = Length(offset)
+                # Invert for right behaviour
+                offset = -1.0 * float(ll)
+            except ValueError:
+                offset = 0
+        if radial is None:
+            radial = False
+        data_out = list()
+        for node in data:
+            if hasattr(node, "as_path"):
+                p = abs(node.as_path())
+            else:
+                bb = node.bounds
+                if bb is None:
+                    # Node has no bounds or space, therefore no offset outline.
+                    return "elements", data_out
+                p = Geomstr.rect(
+                    x=bb[0], y=bb[1], width=bb[2] - bb[0], height=bb[3] - bb[1]
+                ).as_path()
+
+            node_path = path_offset(
+                p,
+                offset,
+                radial_connector=radial,
+                linearize=linearize,
+                interpolation=interpolation,
+            )
+            if node_path is None or len(node_path) == 0:
+                continue
+            node_path.validate_connections()
+            newnode = self.elem_branch.add(
+                path=node_path, type="elem path", stroke=node.stroke
+            )
+            newnode.stroke_width = UNITS_PER_PIXEL
+            newnode.linejoin = Linejoin.JOIN_ROUND
+            newnode.label = (
+                f"Offset of {node.id if node.label is None else node.display_label()}"
+            )
+            data_out.append(newnode)
+
+        # Newly created! Classification needed?
+        if len(data_out) > 0:
+            post.append(classify_new(data_out))
+            self.signal("refresh_scene", "Scene")
+        return "elements", data_out
+
+    # --------------------------- END COMMANDS ------------------------------