@oriro/orirocli 0.1.11 → 0.1.12

package/skills/communication/comm-cross-cultural/SKILL.md

@@ -1,88 +1,88 @@
----
-watermark: ORIRO
-disable-model-invocation: true
-name: comm-cross-cultural
-provider: ORIRO.ai
-copyright: Copyright (c) 2026 ORIRO.ai
-description: >
-
-
-  Cross-cultural communication — cultural dimensions, global business etiquette, and communicating across cultures.
-
-
-  Sources: Toastmasters, Strunk & White, Purdue OWL, IFJ journalism ethics.
----
-
-# Cross-Cultural Communication
-
-## Hofstede's cultural dimensions
-
-Most widely used framework for understanding cultural differences.
-
-**Power Distance:** Extent to which less powerful accept unequal power distribution.
-High PD (Philippines, Malaysia, Arab countries): Hierarchical, authority respected, formality expected.
-Low PD (Denmark, Austria, Israel): Flat structures, direct access to bosses, informality.
-
-**Individualism vs. Collectivism:**
-Individualist (US, Australia, UK): Personal goals over group, direct communication, "I" identity.
-Collectivist (China, Latin America, Middle East): Group harmony, indirect communication, "We" identity, relationship before business.
-
-**Uncertainty Avoidance:** Discomfort with ambiguity.
-High UA (Japan, Greece, Portugal): Need for rules, structure, planning.
-Low UA (Singapore, Jamaica, Denmark): Comfort with ambiguity, flexible, entrepreneurial.
-
-**Masculinity vs. Femininity:**
-Masculine (Japan, Germany, US): Assertiveness, competition, material success, achievement.
-Feminine (Sweden, Norway, Netherlands): Caring, quality of life, relationships, cooperation.
-
-**Long-term vs. Short-term Orientation:**
-Long-term (China, Japan): Persistence, saving, adapting traditions to modern context.
-Short-term (US, UK, many Western): Quick results, respect for tradition, fulfilling obligations.
-
-## Communication styles
-
-### High-context vs. Low-context (Hall)
-
-**High-context:** Meaning in the context — relationships, position, non-verbal. What's not said is important. Japan, China, Arab world, Latin America, Mediterranean.
-Communication: Implicit, indirect, relationship-dependent.
-"No" may be expressed as "that would be difficult" or silence.
-
-**Low-context:** Meaning in the explicit message. Direct, clear, literal. Germany, Scandinavia, US, Australia.
-Communication: Explicit, direct, task-focused.
-"Yes" means yes. "No" means no.
-
-**Common misunderstandings:**
-High-context person sees low-context as rude, aggressive.
-Low-context person sees high-context as evasive, unclear, untrustworthy.
-
-## Business etiquette essentials
-
-### Meeting and greeting
-
-**Japan/Korea:** Bow. Business cards presented with both hands and a slight bow. Receive with both hands. Never write on a card. Study it before putting it away.
-**Middle East/South Asia:** Handshake for same gender. Wait for women to initiate.
-**France/Southern Europe:** Cheek kisses among acquaintances; handshake in formal/new business.
-**Business cards:** In most of Asia, they are a serious matter. Western countries increasingly casual.
-
-### Time orientation
-
-**Monochronic cultures (Germany, Switzerland, US, Scandinavia):** Time is linear. Punctuality is respect. One thing at a time.
-**Polychronic cultures (Latin America, Middle East, South Asia, Mediterranean):** Multiple activities simultaneously. Relationships take priority over schedules. "The meeting starts when everyone is there."
-
-### Decision-making across cultures
-
-**US:** Decentralized. Person in the room may be empowered to decide.
-**Japan:** Nemawashi — consensus-building before the meeting. The meeting is not where decisions are made.
-**France:** Hierarchical. Senior person decides.
-**China:** Top-down. Meeting with junior staff first may be insulting.
-
-## Navigating cultural differences
-
-**Suspend judgment.** Different is not wrong.
-**Observe before reacting.** Behavior that seems rude may have cultural logic.
-**Ask genuinely curious questions.** "How does this typically work here?"
-**Adapt your communication style,** not your values.
-**Take the other culture's perspective.** What is the intent behind this behavior?
-**Never mock cultural differences** — even in private. Word travels.
-
-Sources: Hofstede Insights (hofstede-insights.com — free data), Hall high-context/low-context theory, Meyer "The Culture Map" (principles), GLOBE Study of cross-cultural leadership
+---
+watermark: ORIRO
+disable-model-invocation: true
+name: comm-cross-cultural
+provider: ORIRO.ai
+copyright: Copyright (c) 2026 ORIRO.ai
+description: >
+
+
+  Cross-cultural communication — cultural dimensions, global business etiquette, and communicating across cultures.
+
+
+  Sources: Toastmasters, Strunk & White, Purdue OWL, IFJ journalism ethics.
+---
+
+# Cross-Cultural Communication
+
+## Hofstede's cultural dimensions
+
+Most widely used framework for understanding cultural differences.
+
+**Power Distance:** Extent to which less powerful accept unequal power distribution.
+High PD (Philippines, Malaysia, Arab countries): Hierarchical, authority respected, formality expected.
+Low PD (Denmark, Austria, Israel): Flat structures, direct access to bosses, informality.
+
+**Individualism vs. Collectivism:**
+Individualist (US, Australia, UK): Personal goals over group, direct communication, "I" identity.
+Collectivist (China, Latin America, Middle East): Group harmony, indirect communication, "We" identity, relationship before business.
+
+**Uncertainty Avoidance:** Discomfort with ambiguity.
+High UA (Japan, Greece, Portugal): Need for rules, structure, planning.
+Low UA (Singapore, Jamaica, Denmark): Comfort with ambiguity, flexible, entrepreneurial.
+
+**Masculinity vs. Femininity:**
+Masculine (Japan, Germany, US): Assertiveness, competition, material success, achievement.
+Feminine (Sweden, Norway, Netherlands): Caring, quality of life, relationships, cooperation.
+
+**Long-term vs. Short-term Orientation:**
+Long-term (China, Japan): Persistence, saving, adapting traditions to modern context.
+Short-term (US, UK, many Western): Quick results, respect for tradition, fulfilling obligations.
+
+## Communication styles
+
+### High-context vs. Low-context (Hall)
+
+**High-context:** Meaning in the context — relationships, position, non-verbal. What's not said is important. Japan, China, Arab world, Latin America, Mediterranean.
+Communication: Implicit, indirect, relationship-dependent.
+"No" may be expressed as "that would be difficult" or silence.
+
+**Low-context:** Meaning in the explicit message. Direct, clear, literal. Germany, Scandinavia, US, Australia.
+Communication: Explicit, direct, task-focused.
+"Yes" means yes. "No" means no.
+
+**Common misunderstandings:**
+High-context person sees low-context as rude, aggressive.
+Low-context person sees high-context as evasive, unclear, untrustworthy.
+
+## Business etiquette essentials
+
+### Meeting and greeting
+
+**Japan/Korea:** Bow. Business cards presented with both hands and a slight bow. Receive with both hands. Never write on a card. Study it before putting it away.
+**Middle East/South Asia:** Handshake for same gender. Wait for women to initiate.
+**France/Southern Europe:** Cheek kisses among acquaintances; handshake in formal/new business.
+**Business cards:** In most of Asia, they are a serious matter. Western countries increasingly casual.
+
+### Time orientation
+
+**Monochronic cultures (Germany, Switzerland, US, Scandinavia):** Time is linear. Punctuality is respect. One thing at a time.
+**Polychronic cultures (Latin America, Middle East, South Asia, Mediterranean):** Multiple activities simultaneously. Relationships take priority over schedules. "The meeting starts when everyone is there."
+
+### Decision-making across cultures
+
+**US:** Decentralized. Person in the room may be empowered to decide.
+**Japan:** Nemawashi — consensus-building before the meeting. The meeting is not where decisions are made.
+**France:** Hierarchical. Senior person decides.
+**China:** Top-down. Meeting with junior staff first may be insulting.
+
+## Navigating cultural differences
+
+**Suspend judgment.** Different is not wrong.
+**Observe before reacting.** Behavior that seems rude may have cultural logic.
+**Ask genuinely curious questions.** "How does this typically work here?"
+**Adapt your communication style,** not your values.
+**Take the other culture's perspective.** What is the intent behind this behavior?
+**Never mock cultural differences** — even in private. Word travels.
+
+Sources: Hofstede Insights (hofstede-insights.com — free data), Hall high-context/low-context theory, Meyer "The Culture Map" (principles), GLOBE Study of cross-cultural leadership

package/skills/communication/comm-journalism/LICENSE

@@ -1,21 +1,21 @@
-MIT License
-
-Copyright (c) 2026 ORIRO.ai
-
-Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
-of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
-in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
-to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
-copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
-copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
-OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
-SOFTWARE.
+MIT License
+
+Copyright (c) 2026 ORIRO.ai
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.

package/skills/communication/comm-journalism/SKILL.md

@@ -1,81 +1,81 @@
----
-watermark: ORIRO
-disable-model-invocation: true
-name: comm-journalism
-provider: ORIRO.ai
-copyright: Copyright (c) 2026 ORIRO.ai
-description: >
-
-
-
-  Journalism — news writing, investigation, verification, interviewing, and media ethics.
-
-  Sources: Toastmasters, Strunk & White, Purdue OWL, IFJ journalism ethics.
----
-
-# Journalism
-
-## Core journalistic values
-
-**Truth:** Report accurate facts. Verify before publishing.
-**Independence:** Report without fear or favor. Resist pressure from advertisers, political actors, and even sources.
-**Fairness:** Give voice to all relevant sides. Not "both sides" of factual matters (false equivalence), but fairness when reasonable perspectives exist.
-**Accountability:** Hold power to account. The press as the fourth estate.
-**Minimize harm:** Consider impact on vulnerable people, crime victims, families of accused.
-
-## News writing fundamentals
-
-### Inverted pyramid
-
-Lead → Details → Background → Other information
-
-**Lead paragraph:** Who? What? When? Where? Why? How? — not necessarily all six, but the most newsworthy elements.
-"The City Council voted Tuesday to ban gas-powered leaf blowers in residential areas beginning next spring, citing noise and air pollution concerns."
-
-### News values (what makes something newsworthy)
-
-**Timeliness:** Recent or currently relevant.
-**Proximity:** Local impact on audience.
-**Prominence:** Famous or powerful people.
-**Consequence/Impact:** How many people affected? How significantly?
-**Human interest:** Emotional connection, unusual, surprising.
-**Conflict:** Disagreement, controversy, struggle.
-
-## Verification
-
-**Three-source rule (minimum for key facts):** Verify important facts with at least three independent sources.
-**Primary vs. secondary sources:** Original documents and direct witnesses > summaries and second-hand accounts.
-**Document-based reporting:** Court records, corporate filings, government databases, contracts. Documents don't lie (though they can be wrong or forged — verify).
-**Trust but verify:** Even credible sources can be wrong. Check claims.
-
-**Social media verification:**
-Reverse image search (Google Images, TinEye) to verify photo authenticity.
-Video verification: YouTube DataViewer (Amnesty), Google Maps to verify location.
-Account age, follower patterns, posting history to assess credibility.
-
-## Source relationships
-
-**On the record:** Everything can be quoted with attribution.
-**Background:** Information can be used but not attributed directly. "A senior official said..."
-**Deep background:** Information can be used to guide reporting but cannot be published.
-**Off the record:** Cannot be used at all (clarify this explicitly with source).
-**Confidential sources:** Protect source identity. Only promise this if you will defend it.
-
-## Interview techniques
-
-Prepare: Know the subject before the interview. Don't waste time on easily researched facts.
-Open-ended questions: "Describe what you saw" not "Did you see the car?"
-Follow-up: "Can you say more about that?" "You mentioned X earlier — what did you mean?"
-The pregnant pause: Stay silent after an answer. People fill silences.
-Get the document: Ask for supporting records, data, emails.
-Ask the hard question. "Some critics say you..." — give them a chance to respond.
-
-## Media ethics
-
-**Conflict of interest:** Disclose financial interests; recuse from covering companies/people with personal connections.
-**Corrections:** Publish corrections prominently and promptly. The credibility is in the correction, not in never being wrong.
-**Privacy:** Intersects with public interest. Crime victims, children, medical information warrant special care.
-**Diversity:** Seek diverse sources, voices, perspectives.
-
-Sources: SPJ Code of Ethics (spj.org/ethicscode.asp — free), Reuters Handbook of Journalism (free),
-AP Stylebook (principles), Poynter Institute (poynter.org — free journalism education), IFJ (ifj.org — free)
+---
+watermark: ORIRO
+disable-model-invocation: true
+name: comm-journalism
+provider: ORIRO.ai
+copyright: Copyright (c) 2026 ORIRO.ai
+description: >
+
+
+
+  Journalism — news writing, investigation, verification, interviewing, and media ethics.
+
+  Sources: Toastmasters, Strunk & White, Purdue OWL, IFJ journalism ethics.
+---
+
+# Journalism
+
+## Core journalistic values
+
+**Truth:** Report accurate facts. Verify before publishing.
+**Independence:** Report without fear or favor. Resist pressure from advertisers, political actors, and even sources.
+**Fairness:** Give voice to all relevant sides. Not "both sides" of factual matters (false equivalence), but fairness when reasonable perspectives exist.
+**Accountability:** Hold power to account. The press as the fourth estate.
+**Minimize harm:** Consider impact on vulnerable people, crime victims, families of accused.
+
+## News writing fundamentals
+
+### Inverted pyramid
+
+Lead → Details → Background → Other information
+
+**Lead paragraph:** Who? What? When? Where? Why? How? — not necessarily all six, but the most newsworthy elements.
+"The City Council voted Tuesday to ban gas-powered leaf blowers in residential areas beginning next spring, citing noise and air pollution concerns."
+
+### News values (what makes something newsworthy)
+
+**Timeliness:** Recent or currently relevant.
+**Proximity:** Local impact on audience.
+**Prominence:** Famous or powerful people.
+**Consequence/Impact:** How many people affected? How significantly?
+**Human interest:** Emotional connection, unusual, surprising.
+**Conflict:** Disagreement, controversy, struggle.
+
+## Verification
+
+**Three-source rule (minimum for key facts):** Verify important facts with at least three independent sources.
+**Primary vs. secondary sources:** Original documents and direct witnesses > summaries and second-hand accounts.
+**Document-based reporting:** Court records, corporate filings, government databases, contracts. Documents don't lie (though they can be wrong or forged — verify).
+**Trust but verify:** Even credible sources can be wrong. Check claims.
+
+**Social media verification:**
+Reverse image search (Google Images, TinEye) to verify photo authenticity.
+Video verification: YouTube DataViewer (Amnesty), Google Maps to verify location.
+Account age, follower patterns, posting history to assess credibility.
+
+## Source relationships
+
+**On the record:** Everything can be quoted with attribution.
+**Background:** Information can be used but not attributed directly. "A senior official said..."
+**Deep background:** Information can be used to guide reporting but cannot be published.
+**Off the record:** Cannot be used at all (clarify this explicitly with source).
+**Confidential sources:** Protect source identity. Only promise this if you will defend it.
+
+## Interview techniques
+
+Prepare: Know the subject before the interview. Don't waste time on easily researched facts.
+Open-ended questions: "Describe what you saw" not "Did you see the car?"
+Follow-up: "Can you say more about that?" "You mentioned X earlier — what did you mean?"
+The pregnant pause: Stay silent after an answer. People fill silences.
+Get the document: Ask for supporting records, data, emails.
+Ask the hard question. "Some critics say you..." — give them a chance to respond.
+
+## Media ethics
+
+**Conflict of interest:** Disclose financial interests; recuse from covering companies/people with personal connections.
+**Corrections:** Publish corrections prominently and promptly. The credibility is in the correction, not in never being wrong.
+**Privacy:** Intersects with public interest. Crime victims, children, medical information warrant special care.
+**Diversity:** Seek diverse sources, voices, perspectives.
+
+Sources: SPJ Code of Ethics (spj.org/ethicscode.asp — free), Reuters Handbook of Journalism (free),
+AP Stylebook (principles), Poynter Institute (poynter.org — free journalism education), IFJ (ifj.org — free)

package/skills/communication/comm-linguistics/LICENSE

@@ -1,21 +1,21 @@
-MIT License
-
-Copyright (c) 2026 ORIRO.ai
-
-Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
-of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
-in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
-to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
-copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
-copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
-OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
-SOFTWARE.
+MIT License
+
+Copyright (c) 2026 ORIRO.ai
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.

package/skills/communication/comm-linguistics/SKILL.md

@@ -1,82 +1,82 @@
----
-watermark: ORIRO
-disable-model-invocation: true
-name: comm-linguistics
-provider: ORIRO.ai
-copyright: Copyright (c) 2026 ORIRO.ai
-description: >
-
-
-
-
-  Linguistics — language structure, acquisition, semantics, pragmatics, and how language works.
-  Sources: Toastmasters, Strunk & White, Purdue OWL, IFJ journalism ethics.
----
-
-# Linguistics
-
-## What linguistics is
-
-The scientific study of language: its structure, use, acquisition, and social variation.
-Not prescriptive (what you SHOULD say) — descriptive (what people ACTUALLY say).
-
-## Language structure
-
-### Phonology
-
-Study of sounds in language.
-**Phoneme:** Smallest sound unit that distinguishes meaning. "pin" vs "bin" — /p/ and /b/ are phonemes.
-**Allophone:** Variant of a phoneme that doesn't change meaning. Aspirated /p/ in "pin" vs. unaspirated in "spin."
-**International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA):** Universal notation for speech sounds.
-~6,000-7,000 human languages. Enormous diversity in phonological systems.
-Mandarin: 4 tones. English: ~44 phonemes. Hawaiian: ~13 phonemes.
-
-### Morphology
-
-Study of word structure.
-**Morpheme:** Smallest unit of meaning. "unhappiness" = un + happy + ness (3 morphemes).
-**Free morpheme:** Stands alone. "dog," "run."
-**Bound morpheme:** Attaches to free morpheme. "-ing," "un-," "-ness."
-**Inflection:** Grammatical information (plurality, tense). "walk" → "walks," "walked."
-**Derivation:** New words. "teach" → "teacher" → "unteachable."
-
-### Syntax
-
-Study of sentence structure.
-**Phrase structure rules:** How words combine into phrases and sentences.
-Universal: Subject-Verb-Object is most common order globally (~45% of languages).
-But languages vary: SOV (Japanese, Turkish, Latin), VSO (Arabic, Irish), SVO (English, Mandarin, Spanish).
-
-**Recursion:** Language allows infinite sentences from finite elements. Embedded clauses: "The dog that chased the cat that ate the rat..."
-
-### Semantics
-
-Study of meaning.
-**Sense vs. reference:** "Morning star" and "evening star" have different senses but same reference (Venus).
-**Semantic roles:** Agent (doer), Patient (affected), Theme, Instrument, Experiencer.
-**Entailment:** If "The cat died" is true, "The cat was alive" is entailed as formerly true.
-
-### Pragmatics
-
-Meaning in context. How context shapes interpretation.
-**Speech acts (Austin, Searle):** Utterances as actions. Asserting, questioning, promising, ordering.
-**Grice's maxims:** Conversational cooperation principles.
-Quantity: Say enough, not too much.
-Quality: Be truthful.
-Relation: Be relevant.
-Manner: Be clear, brief, orderly.
-Flouting maxims creates implicature: "Can you pass the salt?" is not a question about physical ability — it's a request.
-
-## Language acquisition
-
-**Universal stages:** Babbling (6-9 mo) → First words (12 mo) → Two-word stage (18-24 mo) → Telegraphic speech → Full grammar (by ~5).
-**Critical period hypothesis:** Language acquisition most natural before puberty. After puberty: can learn languages but never fully native-like for most learners (debate ongoing).
-**Statistical learning:** Infants are extraordinary statistical learners — tracking co-occurrence of sounds/words.
-
-## Language variation
-
-**Dialect:** Systematic variation in a language across regions or social groups. Every speaker has a dialect — including "standard" dialects which are just socially prestigious, not linguistically superior.
-**Register:** Variation based on social context (formal/informal, technical/non-technical).
-**Code-switching:** Moving between languages or dialects. Normal and competent behavior, not a deficit.
-
-Sources: MIT OCW 24.900 Introduction to Linguistics, OpenStax Linguistics (CC-BY), Language Files (Ohio State — widely used free intro text), Linguistics Society of America (linguisticsociety.org — free resources)
+---
+watermark: ORIRO
+disable-model-invocation: true
+name: comm-linguistics
+provider: ORIRO.ai
+copyright: Copyright (c) 2026 ORIRO.ai
+description: >
+
+
+
+
+  Linguistics — language structure, acquisition, semantics, pragmatics, and how language works.
+  Sources: Toastmasters, Strunk & White, Purdue OWL, IFJ journalism ethics.
+---
+
+# Linguistics
+
+## What linguistics is
+
+The scientific study of language: its structure, use, acquisition, and social variation.
+Not prescriptive (what you SHOULD say) — descriptive (what people ACTUALLY say).
+
+## Language structure
+
+### Phonology
+
+Study of sounds in language.
+**Phoneme:** Smallest sound unit that distinguishes meaning. "pin" vs "bin" — /p/ and /b/ are phonemes.
+**Allophone:** Variant of a phoneme that doesn't change meaning. Aspirated /p/ in "pin" vs. unaspirated in "spin."
+**International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA):** Universal notation for speech sounds.
+~6,000-7,000 human languages. Enormous diversity in phonological systems.
+Mandarin: 4 tones. English: ~44 phonemes. Hawaiian: ~13 phonemes.
+
+### Morphology
+
+Study of word structure.
+**Morpheme:** Smallest unit of meaning. "unhappiness" = un + happy + ness (3 morphemes).
+**Free morpheme:** Stands alone. "dog," "run."
+**Bound morpheme:** Attaches to free morpheme. "-ing," "un-," "-ness."
+**Inflection:** Grammatical information (plurality, tense). "walk" → "walks," "walked."
+**Derivation:** New words. "teach" → "teacher" → "unteachable."
+
+### Syntax
+
+Study of sentence structure.
+**Phrase structure rules:** How words combine into phrases and sentences.
+Universal: Subject-Verb-Object is most common order globally (~45% of languages).
+But languages vary: SOV (Japanese, Turkish, Latin), VSO (Arabic, Irish), SVO (English, Mandarin, Spanish).
+
+**Recursion:** Language allows infinite sentences from finite elements. Embedded clauses: "The dog that chased the cat that ate the rat..."
+
+### Semantics
+
+Study of meaning.
+**Sense vs. reference:** "Morning star" and "evening star" have different senses but same reference (Venus).
+**Semantic roles:** Agent (doer), Patient (affected), Theme, Instrument, Experiencer.
+**Entailment:** If "The cat died" is true, "The cat was alive" is entailed as formerly true.
+
+### Pragmatics
+
+Meaning in context. How context shapes interpretation.
+**Speech acts (Austin, Searle):** Utterances as actions. Asserting, questioning, promising, ordering.
+**Grice's maxims:** Conversational cooperation principles.
+Quantity: Say enough, not too much.
+Quality: Be truthful.
+Relation: Be relevant.
+Manner: Be clear, brief, orderly.
+Flouting maxims creates implicature: "Can you pass the salt?" is not a question about physical ability — it's a request.
+
+## Language acquisition
+
+**Universal stages:** Babbling (6-9 mo) → First words (12 mo) → Two-word stage (18-24 mo) → Telegraphic speech → Full grammar (by ~5).
+**Critical period hypothesis:** Language acquisition most natural before puberty. After puberty: can learn languages but never fully native-like for most learners (debate ongoing).
+**Statistical learning:** Infants are extraordinary statistical learners — tracking co-occurrence of sounds/words.
+
+## Language variation
+
+**Dialect:** Systematic variation in a language across regions or social groups. Every speaker has a dialect — including "standard" dialects which are just socially prestigious, not linguistically superior.
+**Register:** Variation based on social context (formal/informal, technical/non-technical).
+**Code-switching:** Moving between languages or dialects. Normal and competent behavior, not a deficit.
+
+Sources: MIT OCW 24.900 Introduction to Linguistics, OpenStax Linguistics (CC-BY), Language Files (Ohio State — widely used free intro text), Linguistics Society of America (linguisticsociety.org — free resources)

package/skills/communication/comm-negotiation/LICENSE

@@ -1,21 +1,21 @@
-MIT License
-
-Copyright (c) 2026 ORIRO.ai
-
-Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
-of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
-in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
-to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
-copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
-copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
-OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
-SOFTWARE.
+MIT License
+
+Copyright (c) 2026 ORIRO.ai
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.