@downdraft/engine 0.1.0 → 0.1.2-alpha.5

package/dist/libraries/models/src/gltf.js

@@ -0,0 +1,724 @@
+import { assertBounds, assertCount, MAX_VERTEX_COUNT, sanitizeUri } from "@downdraft/engine";
+import { createLogger } from "@downdraft/engine/util/logger";
+import { strFromU8 } from "fflate";
+import { getDefaultCodecRegistry } from "./codecs/registry.js";
+import { extractTextureTransform, processMaterialExtensions } from "./gltf-extensions.js";
+const log = createLogger("info");
+const GLTF_COMPONENT_SIZES = {
+    5120: 1, 5121: 1, 5122: 2, 5123: 2, 5125: 4, 5126: 4,
+};
+const GLTF_TYPE_COMPONENTS = {
+    SCALAR: 1, VEC2: 2, VEC3: 3, VEC4: 4, MAT2: 4, MAT3: 9, MAT4: 16,
+};
+// Normalized accessor divisors per glTF spec (KHR_mesh_quantization).
+const NORMALIZED_DIVISORS = {
+    5120: 127.0, // BYTE
+    5121: 255.0, // UNSIGNED_BYTE
+    5122: 32767.0, // SHORT
+    5123: 65535.0, // UNSIGNED_SHORT
+    5125: 4294967295.0, // UNSIGNED_INT
+};
+/**
+ * Read an accessor's data as a number array. Consults the codec registry:
+ *  - EXT_meshopt_compression on the bufferView → decode (cached) then read.
+ *  - Normalized integer accessors → divide by the correct divisor.
+ *
+ * Draco is handled at the primitive level (see parsePrimitive), not here,
+ * because Draco decodes all attributes of a primitive at once.
+ */
+async function readAccessorData(accessorIdx, ctx) {
+    const { json, bd, registry, meshoptCache } = ctx;
+    const accessor = json.accessors[accessorIdx];
+    if (!Number.isInteger(accessor.bufferView) ||
+        accessor.bufferView < 0 ||
+        accessor.bufferView >= bd.bufferViews.length) {
+        throw new RangeError(`gltf: accessor ${accessorIdx} references invalid bufferView index ${accessor.bufferView}`);
+    }
+    const bufferView = bd.bufferViews[accessor.bufferView];
+    const componentSize = GLTF_COMPONENT_SIZES[accessor.componentType] ?? 4;
+    const numComponents = GLTF_TYPE_COMPONENTS[accessor.type] ?? 1;
+    const byteStride = bufferView.byteStride ?? (numComponents * componentSize);
+    const offset = (bufferView.byteOffset ?? 0) + (accessor.byteOffset ?? 0);
+    // Validate bufferView bounds against its source buffer (non-meshopt path).
+    const meshoptExt2 = bufferView.extensions?.["EXT_meshopt_compression"];
+    if (!meshoptExt2 || !registry.hasBufferViewCodec("EXT_meshopt_compression")) {
+        const srcBuffer = bd.buffers[bufferView.buffer];
+        if (srcBuffer) {
+            assertBounds(`gltf bufferView ${accessor.bufferView}`, bufferView.byteOffset ?? 0, bufferView.byteLength, srcBuffer.byteLength);
+        }
+    }
+    // Resolve the source buffer: either the raw buffer, or a meshopt-decoded
+    // bufferView (decoded once and cached).
+    let buffer;
+    const meshoptExt = bufferView.extensions?.["EXT_meshopt_compression"];
+    if (meshoptExt && registry.hasBufferViewCodec("EXT_meshopt_compression")) {
+        let decoded = meshoptCache.get(accessor.bufferView);
+        if (!decoded) {
+            const codec = registry.getBufferViewCodec("EXT_meshopt_compression");
+            const ext = meshoptExt;
+            const compressedBuf = bd.buffers[ext.buffer ?? bufferView.buffer];
+            const compressedOffset = ext.byteOffset ?? 0;
+            const compressedLength = ext.byteLength ?? bufferView.byteLength;
+            const compressedData = new Uint8Array(compressedBuf, compressedOffset, compressedLength);
+            const result = await codec.decode({
+                compressedData,
+                extension: ext,
+                accessor: {
+                    bufferView: accessor.bufferView,
+                    byteOffset: accessor.byteOffset,
+                    componentType: accessor.componentType,
+                    count: accessor.count,
+                    type: accessor.type,
+                    normalized: accessor.normalized,
+                },
+                byteStride,
+            });
+            decoded = result;
+            // Bound the meshopt cache to prevent unbounded memory growth on large files.
+            if (meshoptCache.size >= 64) {
+                const firstKey = meshoptCache.keys().next().value;
+                if (firstKey !== undefined)
+                    meshoptCache.delete(firstKey);
+            }
+            meshoptCache.set(accessor.bufferView, decoded);
+        }
+        // The decoded buffer is a flat byte array; accessor.byteOffset applies
+        // within it (the bufferView's byteOffset is 0 in the decoded space).
+        buffer = decoded.buffer.slice(decoded.byteOffset, decoded.byteOffset + decoded.byteLength);
+    }
+    else {
+        buffer = bd.buffers[bufferView.buffer];
+    }
+    const result = [];
+    const count = accessor.count;
+    assertCount("gltf accessor", count, MAX_VERTEX_COUNT);
+    assertBounds("gltf accessor", offset, count * byteStride, buffer.byteLength);
+    const view = new DataView(buffer, offset);
+    const divisor = accessor.normalized ? NORMALIZED_DIVISORS[accessor.componentType] : undefined;
+    for (let i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+        const elementOffset = i * byteStride;
+        for (let c = 0; c < numComponents; c++) {
+            const byteOffset = elementOffset + c * componentSize;
+            switch (accessor.componentType) {
+                case 5126:
+                    result.push(view.getFloat32(byteOffset, true));
+                    break;
+                case 5123:
+                    result.push(divisor ? view.getUint16(byteOffset, true) / divisor : view.getUint16(byteOffset, true));
+                    break;
+                case 5125:
+                    result.push(divisor ? view.getUint32(byteOffset, true) / divisor : view.getUint32(byteOffset, true));
+                    break;
+                case 5122:
+                    result.push(divisor ? view.getInt16(byteOffset, true) / divisor : view.getInt16(byteOffset, true));
+                    break;
+                case 5121: {
+                    const v = view.getUint8(byteOffset);
+                    result.push(divisor ? v / divisor : v);
+                    break;
+                }
+                case 5120: {
+                    const v = view.getInt8(byteOffset);
+                    result.push(divisor ? Math.max(v / divisor, -1) : v);
+                    break;
+                }
+                default: result.push(view.getFloat32(byteOffset, true));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return { data: result, components: numComponents, count };
+}
+async function readAccessorTypedArray(accessorIdx, ctx) {
+    const { data, components, count } = await readAccessorData(accessorIdx, ctx);
+    return { array: new Float32Array(data), components, count };
+}
+// --- Draco per-primitive decode ----------------------------------------------
+/**
+ * Decode a Draco-compressed primitive and return per-attribute typed arrays.
+ * The Draco codec decodes all attributes at once; we cache the result per
+ * primitive so repeated accessor reads reuse one decode.
+ */
+async function decodeDracoPrimitive(primitive, ctx) {
+    const dracoExt = primitive.extensions?.["KHR_draco_mesh_compression"];
+    if (!dracoExt)
+        return null;
+    const codec = ctx.registry.getMeshCodec("KHR_draco_mesh_compression");
+    if (!codec) {
+        throw new Error("KHR_draco_mesh_compression: Draco codec not registered — cannot decode compressed primitive");
+    }
+    const ext = dracoExt;
+    const bufferViewIdx = ext.bufferView;
+    const bv = ctx.bd.bufferViews[bufferViewIdx];
+    const buf = ctx.bd.buffers[bv.buffer];
+    const start = (bv.byteOffset ?? 0);
+    const bufferViewData = new Uint8Array(buf, start, bv.byteLength);
+    // Build accessor metadata map for the codec.
+    const accessors = new Map();
+    for (const [semantic, accessorIdx] of Object.entries(primitive.attributes)) {
+        const a = ctx.json.accessors[accessorIdx];
+        if (a) {
+            accessors.set(accessorIdx, {
+                bufferView: a.bufferView,
+                byteOffset: a.byteOffset,
+                componentType: a.componentType,
+                count: a.count,
+                type: a.type,
+                normalized: a.normalized,
+            });
+        }
+    }
+    const decoded = await codec.decode({
+        bufferViewData,
+        extension: ext,
+        attributes: primitive.attributes,
+        indices: primitive.indices,
+        accessors,
+    });
+    // Map from accessorIdx → typed array for easy lookup by the caller.
+    const result = new Map();
+    for (const [semantic, accessorIdx] of Object.entries(primitive.attributes)) {
+        const arr = decoded.attributes.get(semantic);
+        if (arr)
+            result.set(`${semantic}:${accessorIdx}`, arr);
+    }
+    if (decoded.indices) {
+        result.set("__indices__", decoded.indices);
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+export async function parseGLTF(data, name, isGLB, binData, options) {
+    const registry = options?.registry ?? getDefaultCodecRegistry();
+    let json;
+    let binaryBuffer = null;
+    if (isGLB) {
+        const view = new DataView(data);
+        const magic = view.getUint32(0, true);
+        if (magic !== 0x46546c67)
+            throw new Error("Invalid GLB magic");
+        const jsonLength = view.getUint32(12, true);
+        const jsonChunk = new Uint8Array(data, 20, jsonLength);
+        json = JSON.parse(strFromU8(jsonChunk, true));
+        const binChunkStart = 20 + jsonLength;
+        if (binChunkStart + 8 <= data.byteLength) {
+            // Chunk header is [length: u32][type: u32] — verify it's a BIN chunk.
+            const binLength = view.getUint32(binChunkStart, true);
+            const binType = view.getUint32(binChunkStart + 4, true);
+            if (binType === 0x004e4942) {
+                binaryBuffer = data.slice(binChunkStart + 8, binChunkStart + 8 + binLength);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    else {
+        json = JSON.parse(new TextDecoder().decode(data));
+        if (json.buffers && json.buffers[0] && json.buffers[0].uri) {
+            const uri = json.buffers[0].uri;
+            if (uri.startsWith("data:")) {
+                const base64 = uri.split(",")[1];
+                const binStr = atob(base64);
+                binaryBuffer = new ArrayBuffer(binStr.length);
+                new Uint8Array(binaryBuffer).set(binStr.split("").map((c) => c.charCodeAt(0)));
+            }
+            else if (binData) {
+                // External .bin file loaded by caller
+                binaryBuffer = binData;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if (!binaryBuffer && json.buffers) {
+        binaryBuffer = new ArrayBuffer(json.buffers[0]?.byteLength ?? 0);
+    }
+    const bd = {
+        buffers: [binaryBuffer ?? new ArrayBuffer(0)],
+        bufferViews: (json.bufferViews ?? []).map(bv => ({
+            buffer: bv.buffer,
+            byteOffset: bv.byteOffset ?? 0,
+            byteLength: bv.byteLength,
+            target: bv.target,
+            byteStride: bv.byteStride,
+            extensions: bv.extensions,
+        })),
+    };
+    const ctx = { json, bd, registry, meshoptCache: new Map() };
+    // Parse KHR_lights_punctual (root-level extension)
+    let lights;
+    const lightsExt = json.extensions?.["KHR_lights_punctual"];
+    if (lightsExt?.lights) {
+        lights = lightsExt.lights.map((l) => {
+            const type = l.type ?? "point";
+            const color = l.color;
+            const spot = l.spot;
+            return {
+                type: type,
+                color: color ? [color[0], color[1], color[2]] : undefined,
+                intensity: l.intensity,
+                range: l.range,
+                spot: spot
+                    ? {
+                        innerConeAngle: spot.innerConeAngle ?? 0,
+                        outerConeAngle: spot.outerConeAngle ?? Math.PI / 4,
+                    }
+                    : undefined,
+            };
+        });
+    }
+    // Parse KHR_materials_variants (root-level extension)
+    let materialVariants;
+    const variantsExt = json.extensions?.["KHR_materials_variants"];
+    if (variantsExt?.variants) {
+        materialVariants = variantsExt.variants.map((v) => v.name);
+    }
+    // Parse materials
+    let materials;
+    if (json.materials) {
+        materials = [];
+        for (let i = 0; i < json.materials.length; i++) {
+            const mat = json.materials[i];
+            const pbr = mat.pbrMetallicRoughness ?? {};
+            const baseColor = pbr.baseColorFactor ?? [1, 1, 1, 1];
+            let textureUri;
+            let textureData = null;
+            let textureTransform;
+            if (pbr.baseColorTexture !== undefined && json.textures && json.images) {
+                const tex = json.textures[pbr.baseColorTexture.index];
+                if (tex) {
+                    // KHR_texture_transform on the textureInfo
+                    textureTransform = extractTextureTransform(pbr.baseColorTexture.extensions);
+                    // KHR_texture_basisu: texture source is KTX2 data
+                    const basisuExt = tex.extensions?.["KHR_texture_basisu"];
+                    if (basisuExt && registry.hasTextureCodec("KHR_texture_basisu")) {
+                        const sourceIdx = basisuExt.source ?? tex.source;
+                        if (sourceIdx !== undefined) {
+                            const img = json.images[sourceIdx];
+                            if (img?.bufferView !== undefined && bd.buffers[0]) {
+                                const bv = bd.bufferViews[img.bufferView];
+                                if (bv) {
+                                    const buf = bd.buffers[bv.buffer];
+                                    const start = bv.byteOffset;
+                                    const end = start + bv.byteLength;
+                                    textureData = buf.slice(start, end);
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    else if (tex.source !== undefined) {
+                        const img = json.images[tex.source];
+                        if (img) {
+                            textureUri = img.uri ?? undefined;
+                            if (textureUri) {
+                                // Reject file://, .., and absolute paths from untrusted glTF
+                                textureUri = sanitizeUri(textureUri);
+                            }
+                            // Handle embedded images via bufferView
+                            if (img.bufferView !== undefined && bd.buffers[0]) {
+                                const bv = bd.bufferViews[img.bufferView];
+                                if (bv) {
+                                    const buf = bd.buffers[bv.buffer];
+                                    const start = bv.byteOffset;
+                                    const end = start + bv.byteLength;
+                                    textureData = buf.slice(start, end);
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            let normalTextureUri;
+            let normalTextureData = null;
+            let normalTextureTransform;
+            if (mat.normalTexture !== undefined && json.textures && json.images) {
+                const tex = json.textures[mat.normalTexture.index];
+                if (tex) {
+                    normalTextureTransform = extractTextureTransform(mat.normalTexture.extensions);
+                    // KHR_texture_basisu: texture source is KTX2 data
+                    const basisuExt = tex.extensions?.["KHR_texture_basisu"];
+                    if (basisuExt && registry.hasTextureCodec("KHR_texture_basisu")) {
+                        const sourceIdx = basisuExt.source ?? tex.source;
+                        if (sourceIdx !== undefined) {
+                            const img = json.images[sourceIdx];
+                            if (img?.bufferView !== undefined && bd.buffers[0]) {
+                                const bv = bd.bufferViews[img.bufferView];
+                                if (bv) {
+                                    const buf = bd.buffers[bv.buffer];
+                                    const start = bv.byteOffset;
+                                    const end = start + bv.byteLength;
+                                    normalTextureData = buf.slice(start, end);
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    else if (tex.source !== undefined) {
+                        const img = json.images[tex.source];
+                        if (img) {
+                            normalTextureUri = img.uri ?? undefined;
+                            if (normalTextureUri) {
+                                normalTextureUri = sanitizeUri(normalTextureUri);
+                            }
+                            // Handle embedded images via bufferView
+                            if (img.bufferView !== undefined && bd.buffers[0]) {
+                                const bv = bd.bufferViews[img.bufferView];
+                                if (bv) {
+                                    const buf = bd.buffers[bv.buffer];
+                                    const start = bv.byteOffset;
+                                    const end = start + bv.byteLength;
+                                    normalTextureData = buf.slice(start, end);
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            let emissiveTextureTransform;
+            if (mat.emissiveTexture?.extensions) {
+                emissiveTextureTransform = extractTextureTransform(mat.emissiveTexture.extensions);
+            }
+            const baseMat = {
+                name: mat.name ?? `material_${i}`,
+                baseColor: [baseColor[0], baseColor[1], baseColor[2], baseColor[3] ?? 1],
+                metallic: pbr.metallicFactor ?? 0,
+                roughness: pbr.roughnessFactor ?? 1,
+                textureUri,
+                textureData,
+                normalTextureUri,
+                normalTextureData,
+                emissiveColor: mat.emissiveFactor ? [mat.emissiveFactor[0], mat.emissiveFactor[1], mat.emissiveFactor[2]] : undefined,
+                textureTransform,
+                normalTextureTransform,
+                emissiveTextureTransform,
+            };
+            const extCtx = {
+                textures: json.textures,
+                images: json.images,
+                samplers: json.samplers,
+            };
+            const processedMat = processMaterialExtensions(baseMat, mat.extensions, extCtx);
+            materials.push(processedMat);
+        }
+    }
+    // Parse meshes
+    const meshes = [];
+    const parseWarnings = [];
+    if (json.meshes) {
+        for (let i = 0; i < json.meshes.length; i++) {
+            const mesh = json.meshes[i];
+            for (let p = 0; p < mesh.primitives.length; p++) {
+                const primitive = mesh.primitives[p];
+                const posAccessor = primitive.attributes.POSITION;
+                if (posAccessor === undefined)
+                    continue;
+                try {
+                    const meshData = await parsePrimitive(primitive, ctx, mesh.name ?? `mesh_${i}`);
+                    if (meshData) {
+                        // KHR_materials_variants: per-primitive mappings
+                        const variantsExtPrim = primitive.extensions?.["KHR_materials_variants"];
+                        if (variantsExtPrim?.mappings) {
+                            meshData.variantMappings = variantsExtPrim.mappings.map((m) => ({
+                                variant: m.variant,
+                                material: m.material,
+                            }));
+                        }
+                        meshes.push(meshData);
+                    }
+                }
+                catch (meshErr) {
+                    const msg = `Error parsing mesh "${mesh.name}" (index ${i}, primitive ${p}): ${meshErr instanceof Error ? meshErr.message : String(meshErr)}`;
+                    log.error("gltf", msg);
+                    parseWarnings.push(msg);
+                    continue;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    // Parse nodes
+    let nodes;
+    if (json.nodes) {
+        nodes = [];
+        for (let i = 0; i < json.nodes.length; i++) {
+            const n = json.nodes[i];
+            // KHR_lights_punctual: node references a light by index
+            const lightExt = n.extensions?.["KHR_lights_punctual"];
+            nodes.push({
+                name: n.name ?? `node_${i}`,
+                children: n.children,
+                mesh: n.mesh,
+                nodeIndex: i,
+                translation: n.translation ? [n.translation[0], n.translation[1], n.translation[2]] : undefined,
+                rotation: n.rotation ? [n.rotation[0], n.rotation[1], n.rotation[2], n.rotation[3]] : undefined,
+                scale: n.scale ? [n.scale[0], n.scale[1], n.scale[2]] : undefined,
+                lightIndex: lightExt?.light,
+            });
+        }
+    }
+    // Parse skins
+    let skin;
+    if (json.skins && json.skins.length > 0 && json.nodes) {
+        const sk = json.skins[0]; // Use first skin
+        const jointIndices = sk.joints;
+        const bones = [];
+        const boneNameToIndex = new Map();
+        // Parse inverse bind matrices if available
+        let inverseBindMatrices = [];
+        if (sk.inverseBindMatrices !== undefined) {
+            const ibmData = await readAccessorData(sk.inverseBindMatrices, ctx);
+            for (let j = 0; j < jointIndices.length; j++) {
+                const ibm = new Float32Array(16);
+                for (let r = 0; r < 16; r++) {
+                    ibm[r] = ibmData.data[j * 16 + r];
+                }
+                inverseBindMatrices.push(ibm);
+            }
+        }
+        else {
+            // No inverse bind matrices — use identity
+            for (let j = 0; j < jointIndices.length; j++) {
+                inverseBindMatrices.push(new Float32Array([1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1]));
+            }
+        }
+        for (let j = 0; j < jointIndices.length; j++) {
+            const nodeIdx = jointIndices[j];
+            const node = json.nodes[nodeIdx];
+            const boneName = node?.name ?? `bone_${j}`;
+            // Find parent bone index by looking up node's parent in the hierarchy
+            let parentBoneIdx = -1;
+            for (let pi = 0; pi < json.nodes.length; pi++) {
+                const pn = json.nodes[pi];
+                if (pn.children && pn.children.includes(nodeIdx)) {
+                    const parentJointIdx = jointIndices.indexOf(pi);
+                    if (parentJointIdx >= 0) {
+                        parentBoneIdx = parentJointIdx;
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            bones.push({
+                name: boneName,
+                nodeIndex: nodeIdx,
+                parentIndex: parentBoneIdx,
+                inverseBindMatrix: inverseBindMatrices[j],
+                restTranslation: node?.translation ? [node.translation[0], node.translation[1], node.translation[2]] : [0, 0, 0],
+                restRotation: node?.rotation ? [node.rotation[0], node.rotation[1], node.rotation[2], node.rotation[3]] : [0, 0, 0, 1],
+                restScale: node?.scale ? [node.scale[0], node.scale[1], node.scale[2]] : [1, 1, 1],
+            });
+            boneNameToIndex.set(boneName, j);
+        }
+        skin = { bones, boneNameToIndex, skeletonUpAxis: "y" };
+        log.info("gltf", `Parsed skin: ${bones.length} bones`);
+    }
+    // Parse animations
+    let animations;
+    if (json.animations) {
+        animations = [];
+        for (let i = 0; i < json.animations.length; i++) {
+            const anim = json.animations[i];
+            const channels = [];
+            let maxTime = 0;
+            for (let c = 0; c < anim.channels.length; c++) {
+                const ch = anim.channels[c];
+                const sampler = anim.samplers[ch.sampler];
+                const timeData = await readAccessorTypedArray(sampler.input, ctx);
+                const valueData = await readAccessorTypedArray(sampler.output, ctx);
+                for (let t = 0; t < timeData.count; t++) {
+                    if (timeData.array[t] > maxTime)
+                        maxTime = timeData.array[t];
+                }
+                const nodeName = (ch.target.node !== undefined && json.nodes) ? (json.nodes[ch.target.node].name ?? `node_${ch.target.node}`) : `node_${ch.target.node}`;
+                channels.push({
+                    targetNode: nodeName,
+                    path: ch.target.path,
+                    keyframeTimes: timeData.array.slice(0, timeData.count),
+                    keyframeValues: valueData.array.slice(0, valueData.count * valueData.components),
+                    interpolation: (sampler.interpolation ?? "LINEAR"),
+                });
+            }
+            animations.push({
+                name: anim.name ?? `animation_${i}`,
+                duration: maxTime,
+                channels,
+            });
+        }
+    }
+    // glTF 2.0 spec is always Y-up and meters. Blender exports may store
+    // glTF2ExportSettings in asset.extras with a YUP flag — if YUP is false,
+    // the source is Z-up.
+    let sourceUpAxis = "y";
+    if (json.asset?.extras) {
+        const exportSettings = json.asset.extras["glTF2ExportSettings"];
+        if (exportSettings && exportSettings["YUP"] === false) {
+            sourceUpAxis = "z";
+        }
+    }
+    return {
+        meshes,
+        name,
+        format: isGLB ? "glb" : "gltf",
+        materials,
+        animations,
+        nodes,
+        skin,
+        materialVariants,
+        lights,
+        warnings: parseWarnings.length > 0 ? parseWarnings : undefined,
+        sourceUpAxis,
+        sourceUnits: "meters", // glTF 2.0 spec mandates meters
+    };
+}
+/** Parse a single primitive, consulting Draco codec if present. */
+async function parsePrimitive(primitive, ctx, meshName) {
+    const { json, bd } = ctx;
+    const posAccessor = primitive.attributes.POSITION;
+    if (posAccessor === undefined)
+        return null;
+    // --- Draco fast path: decode whole primitive via the mesh codec ---
+    const dracoAttrs = await decodeDracoPrimitive(primitive, ctx);
+    // Helper to read an attribute: from Draco cache if available, else readAccessorData.
+    async function readAttr(semantic, accessorIdx) {
+        if (dracoAttrs) {
+            const cached = dracoAttrs.get(`${semantic}:${accessorIdx}`);
+            if (cached) {
+                const numComponents = GLTF_TYPE_COMPONENTS[json.accessors[accessorIdx].type] ?? 1;
+                const count = json.accessors[accessorIdx].count;
+                const data = [];
+                const arr = cached;
+                for (let i = 0; i < arr.length; i++)
+                    data.push(arr[i]);
+                return { data, components: numComponents, count };
+            }
+        }
+        return readAccessorData(accessorIdx, ctx);
+    }
+    const posData = await readAttr("POSITION", posAccessor);
+    if (!posData)
+        return null;
+    const normAccessor = primitive.attributes.NORMAL;
+    const normData = normAccessor !== undefined ? await readAttr("NORMAL", normAccessor) : null;
+    const uvAccessor = primitive.attributes.TEXCOORD_0;
+    const uvData = uvAccessor !== undefined ? await readAttr("TEXCOORD_0", uvAccessor) : null;
+    const colorAccessor = primitive.attributes.COLOR_0;
+    const colorData = colorAccessor !== undefined ? await readAttr("COLOR_0", colorAccessor) : null;
+    const vertexCount = posData.count;
+    const vertices = new Float32Array(vertexCount * 6);
+    for (let v = 0; v < vertexCount; v++) {
+        vertices[v * 6] = posData.data[v * 3];
+        vertices[v * 6 + 1] = posData.data[v * 3 + 1];
+        vertices[v * 6 + 2] = posData.data[v * 3 + 2];
+        if (normData) {
+            vertices[v * 6 + 3] = normData.data[v * 3];
+            vertices[v * 6 + 4] = normData.data[v * 3 + 1];
+            vertices[v * 6 + 5] = normData.data[v * 3 + 2];
+        }
+        else {
+            vertices[v * 6 + 3] = 0;
+            vertices[v * 6 + 4] = 1;
+            vertices[v * 6 + 5] = 0;
+        }
+    }
+    let indices;
+    let indexCount;
+    if (primitive.indices !== undefined) {
+        if (dracoAttrs) {
+            const cachedIndices = dracoAttrs.get("__indices__");
+            if (cachedIndices) {
+                const idxArr = cachedIndices;
+                indexCount = idxArr.length;
+                if (cachedIndices instanceof Uint32Array) {
+                    indices = cachedIndices;
+                }
+                else if (cachedIndices instanceof Uint16Array) {
+                    indices = cachedIndices;
+                }
+                else {
+                    indices = new Uint32Array(idxArr);
+                    for (let i = 0; i < indexCount; i++)
+                        indices[i] = idxArr[i];
+                }
+            }
+            else {
+                const idxData = await readAccessorData(primitive.indices, ctx);
+                indexCount = idxData.data.length;
+                indices = indexCount > 65535 ? new Uint32Array(idxData.data) : new Uint16Array(idxData.data);
+            }
+        }
+        else {
+            const idxData = await readAccessorData(primitive.indices, ctx);
+            indexCount = idxData.data.length;
+            if (indexCount > 65535) {
+                indices = new Uint32Array(idxData.data);
+            }
+            else {
+                indices = new Uint16Array(idxData.data);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    else {
+        indexCount = vertexCount;
+        if (indexCount > 65535) {
+            indices = new Uint32Array(indexCount);
+            for (let v = 0; v < indexCount; v++)
+                indices[v] = v;
+        }
+        else {
+            indices = new Uint16Array(indexCount);
+            for (let v = 0; v < indexCount; v++)
+                indices[v] = v;
+        }
+    }
+    let uvArray = null;
+    if (uvData) {
+        uvArray = new Float32Array(vertexCount * 2);
+        for (let v = 0; v < vertexCount; v++) {
+            uvArray[v * 2] = uvData.data[v * 2];
+            uvArray[v * 2 + 1] = uvData.data[v * 2 + 1];
+        }
+    }
+    let colorArray = null;
+    if (colorData) {
+        const comps = colorData.components;
+        colorArray = new Float32Array(vertexCount * 3);
+        for (let v = 0; v < vertexCount; v++) {
+            if (comps >= 3) {
+                colorArray[v * 3] = colorData.data[v * comps];
+                colorArray[v * 3 + 1] = colorData.data[v * comps + 1];
+                colorArray[v * 3 + 2] = colorData.data[v * comps + 2];
+            }
+            else if (comps === 1) {
+                const c = colorData.data[v];
+                colorArray[v * 3] = c;
+                colorArray[v * 3 + 1] = c;
+                colorArray[v * 3 + 2] = c;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    // Parse skinning attributes (JOINTS_0 and WEIGHTS_0)
+    let jointsArray = null;
+    let weightsArray = null;
+    const jointsAccessor = primitive.attributes.JOINTS_0;
+    const weightsAccessor = primitive.attributes.WEIGHTS_0;
+    if (jointsAccessor !== undefined && weightsAccessor !== undefined) {
+        const jointsData = await readAttr("JOINTS_0", jointsAccessor);
+        const weightsData = await readAttr("WEIGHTS_0", weightsAccessor);
+        if (jointsData && weightsData) {
+            jointsArray = new Uint8Array(vertexCount * 4);
+            weightsArray = new Float32Array(vertexCount * 4);
+            for (let v = 0; v < vertexCount; v++) {
+                jointsArray[v * 4] = jointsData.data[v * 4];
+                jointsArray[v * 4 + 1] = jointsData.data[v * 4 + 1];
+                jointsArray[v * 4 + 2] = jointsData.data[v * 4 + 2];
+                jointsArray[v * 4 + 3] = jointsData.data[v * 4 + 3];
+                weightsArray[v * 4] = weightsData.data[v * 4];
+                weightsArray[v * 4 + 1] = weightsData.data[v * 4 + 1];
+                weightsArray[v * 4 + 2] = weightsData.data[v * 4 + 2];
+                weightsArray[v * 4 + 3] = weightsData.data[v * 4 + 3];
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return {
+        vertices,
+        indices,
+        vertexCount,
+        indexCount,
+        uvs: uvArray,
+        colors: colorArray,
+        joints: jointsArray ?? undefined,
+        weights: weightsArray ?? undefined,
+        materialIndex: primitive.material,
+    };
+}