vllm-cpu-avx512bf16 0.9.0.post2__cp310-cp310-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.whl

vllm/core/scheduler.py

@@ -0,0 +1,2092 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+import enum
+import os
+import random
+import time
+from collections import deque
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from typing import Callable, Deque, Dict, Iterable, List, Optional
+from typing import Sequence as GenericSequence
+from typing import Set, Tuple, Union
+
+from vllm.config import CacheConfig, LoRAConfig, SchedulerConfig
+from vllm.core.interfaces import AllocStatus, BlockSpaceManager
+from vllm.logger import init_logger
+from vllm.lora.request import LoRARequest
+from vllm.prompt_adapter.request import PromptAdapterRequest
+from vllm.sequence import (Sequence, SequenceData, SequenceGroup,
+                           SequenceGroupBase, SequenceGroupMetadata,
+                           SequenceGroupMetadataDelta, SequenceStage,
+                           SequenceStatus)
+from vllm.utils import Device, PyObjectCache
+
+logger = init_logger(__name__)
+
+# Test-only. If configured, decode is preempted with
+# ARTIFICIAL_PREEMPTION_PROB% probability.
+ENABLE_ARTIFICIAL_PREEMPT = bool(
+    os.getenv("VLLM_TEST_ENABLE_ARTIFICIAL_PREEMPT", False))  # noqa
+ARTIFICIAL_PREEMPTION_PROB = 0.5
+ARTIFICIAL_PREEMPTION_MAX_CNT = 500
+
+
+class PreemptionMode(enum.Enum):
+    """Preemption modes.
+
+    1. Swapping: Swap out the blocks of the preempted sequences to CPU memory
+    and swap them back in when the sequences are resumed.
+    2. Recomputation: Discard the blocks of the preempted sequences and
+    recompute them when the sequences are resumed, treating the sequences as
+    new prompts.
+    """
+
+    SWAP = enum.auto()
+    RECOMPUTE = enum.auto()
+
+
+@dataclass
+class SchedulingBudget:
+    """The available slots for scheduling.
+
+    TODO(sang): Right now, the budget is request_id-aware meaning it can ignore
+    budget update from the same request_id. It is because in normal scheduling
+    path, we update RUNNING num_seqs ahead of time, meaning it could be
+    updated more than once when scheduling RUNNING requests. Since this won't
+    happen if we only have chunked prefill scheduling, we can remove this
+    feature from the API when chunked prefill is enabled by default.
+    """
+
+    token_budget: int
+    max_num_seqs: int
+    _request_ids_num_batched_tokens: Set[str] = field(default_factory=set)
+    _request_ids_num_curr_seqs: Set[str] = field(default_factory=set)
+    # Number of cached tokens in the batch.
+    _num_cached_tokens: int = 0
+    # Number of actual non-cached tokens in the batch.
+    _num_batched_tokens: int = 0
+    _num_curr_seqs: int = 0
+
+    def can_schedule(self, *, num_new_tokens: int, num_new_seqs: int):
+        # We allow num_new_tokens to be 0 when the entire sequence has
+        # been cached.
+        assert num_new_tokens >= 0
+        assert num_new_seqs != 0
+        return (self.num_batched_tokens + num_new_tokens <= self.token_budget
+                and self.num_curr_seqs + num_new_seqs <= self.max_num_seqs)
+
+    def remaining_token_budget(self):
+        return self.token_budget - self.num_batched_tokens
+
+    def add_num_batched_tokens(self,
+                               req_id: str,
+                               num_batched_tokens: int,
+                               num_cached_tokens: int = 0):
+        if req_id in self._request_ids_num_batched_tokens:
+            return
+        assert num_cached_tokens >= 0
+        assert num_batched_tokens >= 0
+
+        self._request_ids_num_batched_tokens.add(req_id)
+        self._num_batched_tokens += num_batched_tokens
+        self._num_cached_tokens += num_cached_tokens
+
+    def subtract_num_batched_tokens(self, req_id: str,
+                                    num_batched_tokens: int):
+        if req_id in self._request_ids_num_batched_tokens:
+            self._request_ids_num_batched_tokens.remove(req_id)
+            self._num_batched_tokens -= num_batched_tokens
+
+    def add_num_seqs(self, req_id: str, num_curr_seqs: int):
+        if req_id in self._request_ids_num_curr_seqs:
+            return
+
+        self._request_ids_num_curr_seqs.add(req_id)
+        self._num_curr_seqs += num_curr_seqs
+
+    def subtract_num_seqs(self, req_id: str, num_curr_seqs: int):
+        if req_id in self._request_ids_num_curr_seqs:
+            self._request_ids_num_curr_seqs.remove(req_id)
+            self._num_curr_seqs -= num_curr_seqs
+
+    @property
+    def num_batched_tokens(self):
+        return self._num_batched_tokens
+
+    @property
+    def num_curr_seqs(self):
+        return self._num_curr_seqs
+
+    @property
+    def num_cached_tokens(self):
+        return self._num_cached_tokens
+
+
+@dataclass
+class ScheduledSequenceGroup:
+    # A sequence group that's scheduled.
+    seq_group: SequenceGroup
+    # The total chunk size (number of tokens) to process for next iteration.
+    # 1 for decoding. Same as prompt tokens for prefill, but if prefill is
+    # chunked, it can be smaller than that.
+    token_chunk_size: int
+
+
+@dataclass
+class SchedulerOutputs:
+    """The scheduling decision made from a scheduler."""
+
+    # Scheduled sequence groups.
+    scheduled_seq_groups: GenericSequence[ScheduledSequenceGroup]
+    # Number of prefill groups scheduled.
+    num_prefill_groups: int
+    # Total number of batched tokens.
+    num_batched_tokens: int
+    # Blocks to swap in. List of CPU -> GPU block number.
+    blocks_to_swap_in: List[Tuple[int, int]]
+    # Blocks to swap out. List of GPU -> CPU block number.
+    blocks_to_swap_out: List[Tuple[int, int]]
+    # Blocks to copy. Source to dest block.
+    blocks_to_copy: List[Tuple[int, int]]
+    # Sequence groups that are going to be ignored.
+    ignored_seq_groups: List[SequenceGroup]
+    # The number of slots for lookahead decoding.
+    num_lookahead_slots: int
+    # The number of requests in the running queue
+    running_queue_size: int
+    preempted: int
+
+    def __post_init__(self):
+        # Swap in and swap out should never happen at the same time.
+        assert not (self.blocks_to_swap_in and self.blocks_to_swap_out)
+
+        self.num_loras: int = len(self.lora_requests)
+        if self.num_loras > 0:
+            self._sort_by_lora_ids()
+
+        self.num_prompt_adapters: int = len(self.prompt_adapter_requests)
+
+    def is_empty(self) -> bool:
+        # NOTE: We do not consider the ignored sequence groups.
+        return (not self.scheduled_seq_groups and not self.blocks_to_swap_in
+                and not self.blocks_to_swap_out and not self.blocks_to_copy)
+
+    def _sort_by_lora_ids(self):
+        assert 0 <= self.num_prefill_groups <= len(self.scheduled_seq_groups)
+
+        def key_fn(group: ScheduledSequenceGroup):
+            key = (group.seq_group.lora_int_id, group.seq_group.request_id)
+            if 0 < self.num_prefill_groups < len(self.scheduled_seq_groups):
+                # Sort sequence groups so that all prefills come before all
+                # decodes as required by chunked prefill.
+                return (not group.seq_group.is_prefill(), *key)
+            return key
+
+        self.scheduled_seq_groups = sorted(self.scheduled_seq_groups,
+                                           key=key_fn)
+
+    @property
+    def lora_requests(self) -> Set[LoRARequest]:
+        return {
+            g.seq_group.lora_request
+            for g in self.scheduled_seq_groups
+            if g.seq_group.lora_request is not None
+        }
+
+    @property
+    def prompt_adapter_requests(self) -> Set[PromptAdapterRequest]:
+        return {
+            g.seq_group.prompt_adapter_request
+            for g in self.scheduled_seq_groups
+            if g.seq_group.prompt_adapter_request is not None
+        }
+
+
+@dataclass
+class SchedulerRunningOutputs:
+    """The requests that are scheduled from a running queue.
+
+    Could contain prefill (prefill that's chunked) or decodes. If there's not
+    enough memory, it can be preempted (for recompute) or swapped out.
+    """
+
+    # Selected sequences that are running and in a decoding phase.
+    decode_seq_groups: List[ScheduledSequenceGroup]
+    # Selected sequences that are running and in a prefill phase.
+    # I.e., it means the prefill has been chunked.
+    prefill_seq_groups: List[ScheduledSequenceGroup]
+    # The preempted sequences.
+    preempted: List[SequenceGroup]
+    # Sequences that are swapped out.
+    swapped_out: List[SequenceGroup]
+    # The blocks to swap out.
+    blocks_to_swap_out: List[Tuple[int, int]]
+    # The blocks to copy.
+    blocks_to_copy: List[Tuple[int, int]]
+    # The number of slots for lookahead decoding.
+    num_lookahead_slots: int
+
+    # Optimization for fast-access to seq_group lists
+    decode_seq_groups_list: List[SequenceGroup]
+    prefill_seq_groups_list: List[SequenceGroup]
+
+    @classmethod
+    def create_empty(cls) -> "SchedulerRunningOutputs":
+        return SchedulerRunningOutputs(
+            decode_seq_groups=[],
+            prefill_seq_groups=[],
+            preempted=[],
+            swapped_out=[],
+            blocks_to_swap_out=[],
+            blocks_to_copy=[],
+            num_lookahead_slots=0,
+            decode_seq_groups_list=[],
+            prefill_seq_groups_list=[],
+        )
+
+
+@dataclass
+class SchedulerSwappedInOutputs:
+    """The requests that are scheduled from a swap queue.
+
+    Could contain prefill (prefill that's chunked) or decodes.
+    """
+
+    # Selected sequences that are going to be swapped in and is in a
+    # decoding phase.
+    decode_seq_groups: List[ScheduledSequenceGroup]
+    # Selected sequences that are going to be swapped in and in a prefill
+    # phase. I.e., it means the prefill has been chunked.
+    prefill_seq_groups: List[ScheduledSequenceGroup]
+    # The blocks to swap in.
+    blocks_to_swap_in: List[Tuple[int, int]]
+    # The blocks to copy.
+    blocks_to_copy: List[Tuple[int, int]]
+    # The number of slots for lookahead decoding.
+    num_lookahead_slots: int
+    # Infeasible sequence groups.
+    infeasible_seq_groups: List[SequenceGroup]
+
+    @classmethod
+    def create_empty(cls) -> "SchedulerSwappedInOutputs":
+        return SchedulerSwappedInOutputs(
+            decode_seq_groups=[],
+            prefill_seq_groups=[],
+            blocks_to_swap_in=[],
+            blocks_to_copy=[],
+            num_lookahead_slots=0,
+            infeasible_seq_groups=[],
+        )
+
+
+@dataclass
+class SchedulerPrefillOutputs:
+    """The requests that are scheduled from a waiting queue.
+
+    Could contain a fresh prefill requests or preempted requests that need
+    to be recomputed from scratch.
+    """
+
+    # Selected sequences for prefill.
+    seq_groups: List[ScheduledSequenceGroup]
+    # Ignored sequence groups.
+    ignored_seq_groups: List[SequenceGroup]
+    num_lookahead_slots: int
+
+    @classmethod
+    def create_empty(cls) -> "SchedulerPrefillOutputs":
+        return SchedulerPrefillOutputs(
+            seq_groups=[],
+            ignored_seq_groups=[],
+            num_lookahead_slots=0,
+        )
+
+
+def seq_group_metadata_builder():
+    return SequenceGroupMetadata(request_id="",
+                                 is_prompt=False,
+                                 seq_data={},
+                                 sampling_params=None,
+                                 block_tables={})
+
+
+def scheduler_running_outputs_builder():
+    return SchedulerRunningOutputs(decode_seq_groups=[],
+                                   prefill_seq_groups=[],
+                                   preempted=[],
+                                   swapped_out=[],
+                                   blocks_to_swap_out=[],
+                                   blocks_to_copy=[],
+                                   num_lookahead_slots=0,
+                                   prefill_seq_groups_list=[],
+                                   decode_seq_groups_list=[])
+
+
+def scheduled_seq_group_builder():
+    return ScheduledSequenceGroup(SequenceGroup.__new__(SequenceGroup),
+                                  token_chunk_size=0)
+    # return ScheduledSequenceGroup(seq_group=None, token_chunk_size=0)
+
+
+@dataclass
+class PartialPrefillMetadata:
+    """Holds information about the partial prefills that are currently running
+    during a single iteration of the Scheduler.
+    When chunked prefill is enabled, we allow a certain number of seqs to be
+    partially prefilled during each iteration. Having multiple partial prefills
+    in flight allows us to minimize TTFT and avoid decode starvation in cases
+    where a single sequence group with a very large prompt blocks the queue for
+    too many iterations.
+    The number of long prefill requests is limited so that smaller
+    requests may jump the queue in front of them and get to the decode
+    phase faster.
+    """
+
+    # A minimum bound on the total number of prefills to be scheduled during
+    # this iteration
+    schedulable_prefills: int
+
+    # The number of long prefill requests currently running
+    long_prefills: int
+
+    scheduler_config: SchedulerConfig
+
+    def can_schedule(self, seq_group: SequenceGroup) -> bool:
+        """When concurrent partial prefills are enabled,
+        we limit the number of long requests and only accept
+        shorter requests from the queue while running them
+        concurrently"""
+        return not (seq_group.first_seq.get_num_new_tokens()
+                    > self.scheduler_config.long_prefill_token_threshold
+                    and self.long_prefills
+                    >= self.scheduler_config.max_long_partial_prefills
+                    and self.scheduler_config.max_num_partial_prefills > 1)
+
+    def maybe_increment_partial_prefills(self,
+                                         seq_group: SequenceGroup) -> None:
+        # When a new prefill is scheduled, we need to know if it is a
+        # long request
+        if (seq_group.first_seq.get_num_new_tokens()
+                > self.scheduler_config.long_prefill_token_threshold):
+            self.long_prefills += 1
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_queues(
+        cls,
+        running: Deque[SequenceGroup],
+        waiting: Deque[SequenceGroup],
+        scheduler_config: SchedulerConfig,
+    ) -> "PartialPrefillMetadata":
+        """Create a PartialPrefillMetadata object from the current state of
+        the scheduler's queues.
+        This accounts for the currently running prefill requests, and peeks into
+        the waiting queue to see if there are more prefills to potentially be
+        scheduled during this iteration."""
+        prefills = 0
+        long_prefills = 0
+
+        waiting_long_prefills = 0
+
+        for sg in running:
+            if sg.first_seq.data.stage == SequenceStage.PREFILL:
+                prefills += 1
+                if (sg.first_seq.get_num_new_tokens()
+                        > scheduler_config.long_prefill_token_threshold):
+                    long_prefills += 1
+
+        for sg in waiting:
+            # Don't bother looping through the rest of the queue if we know
+            # there are already at
+            # least max_partial_prefills requests to fill
+            if prefills >= scheduler_config.max_num_partial_prefills:
+                break
+
+            # Don't count long requests from the waiting queue if we aren't
+            # going to schedule them anyway
+            if (sg.first_seq.get_num_new_tokens()
+                    > scheduler_config.long_prefill_token_threshold):
+                if (long_prefills + waiting_long_prefills
+                        >= scheduler_config.max_long_partial_prefills):
+                    continue
+                waiting_long_prefills += 1
+            prefills += 1
+
+        # NB: long_prefills and waiting_long_prefills are tracked separately.
+        # We don't account for the waiting requests here because we need to use
+        # this metadata to track how many have actually been scheduled.
+        return PartialPrefillMetadata(
+            schedulable_prefills=min(
+                prefills, scheduler_config.max_num_partial_prefills),
+            long_prefills=long_prefills,
+            scheduler_config=scheduler_config,
+        )
+
+
+class Scheduler:
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        scheduler_config: SchedulerConfig,
+        cache_config: CacheConfig,
+        lora_config: Optional[LoRAConfig],
+        pipeline_parallel_size: int = 1,
+        output_proc_callback: Optional[Callable] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.scheduler_config = scheduler_config
+        self.cache_config = cache_config
+        # Note for LoRA scheduling: the current policy is extremely
+        # simple and NOT fair. It can lead to starvation of some
+        # LoRAs. This should be improved in the future.
+        self.lora_config = lora_config
+
+        version = "selfattn"
+        if (self.scheduler_config.runner_type == "pooling"
+                or self.cache_config.is_attention_free):
+            version = "placeholder"
+
+        BlockSpaceManagerImpl = BlockSpaceManager.get_block_space_manager_class(
+            version)
+
+        num_gpu_blocks = cache_config.num_gpu_blocks
+        if num_gpu_blocks:
+            num_gpu_blocks //= pipeline_parallel_size
+
+        num_cpu_blocks = cache_config.num_cpu_blocks
+        if num_cpu_blocks:
+            num_cpu_blocks //= pipeline_parallel_size
+
+        # Create the block space manager.
+        self.block_manager = BlockSpaceManagerImpl(
+            block_size=self.cache_config.block_size,
+            num_gpu_blocks=num_gpu_blocks,
+            num_cpu_blocks=num_cpu_blocks,
+            sliding_window=self.cache_config.sliding_window,
+            enable_caching=self.cache_config.enable_prefix_caching,
+        )
+
+        # Sequence groups in the WAITING state.
+        # Contain new prefill or preempted requests.
+        self.waiting: Deque[SequenceGroup] = deque()
+        # Sequence groups in the RUNNING state.
+        # Contain decode requests.
+        self.running: Deque[SequenceGroup] = deque()
+        # Sequence groups in the SWAPPED state.
+        # Contain decode requests that are swapped out.
+        self.swapped: Deque[SequenceGroup] = deque()
+        # Sequence groups finished requests ids since last step iteration.
+        # It lets the model know that any state associated with these requests
+        # can and must be released after the current step.
+        # This is used to evict the finished requests from the Mamba cache.
+        self._finished_requests_ids: List[str] = list()
+        # Time at previous scheduling step
+        self.prev_time = 0.0
+        # Did we schedule a prompt at previous step?
+        self.prev_prompt = False
+        # Latency of the last prompt step
+        self.last_prompt_latency = 0.0
+        # preemption mode, RECOMPUTE or SWAP
+        self.user_specified_preemption_mode = scheduler_config.preemption_mode
+
+        # The following field is test-only. It is used to inject artificial
+        # preemption.
+        self.enable_artificial_preemption = ENABLE_ARTIFICIAL_PREEMPT
+        self.artificial_preempt_cnt = (ARTIFICIAL_PREEMPTION_MAX_CNT
+                                       if self.enable_artificial_preemption
+                                       else 0)
+        self.num_cumulative_preemption: int = 0
+
+        # Used to cache python objects
+        self._seq_group_metadata_cache: List[PyObjectCache] = []
+        self._scheduler_running_outputs_cache: List[PyObjectCache] = []
+        self._scheduled_seq_group_cache: List[PyObjectCache] = []
+
+        # For async output processing, we need to swap cache buffers between
+        # iterations. I.e. since the output processing is lagged one step,
+        # we cannot reuse the cached objects immediately when the schedule()
+        # is called again, but only when schedule() is called the second time.
+        self.output_proc_callback = output_proc_callback
+        self.use_async_output_proc = self.output_proc_callback is not None
+        self.num_cache_iters = 2 if self.use_async_output_proc else 1
+
+        self.cache_id = 0
+        for i in range(self.num_cache_iters):
+            self._seq_group_metadata_cache.append(
+                PyObjectCache(seq_group_metadata_builder))
+            self._scheduler_running_outputs_cache.append(
+                PyObjectCache(scheduler_running_outputs_builder))
+            self._scheduled_seq_group_cache.append(
+                PyObjectCache(scheduled_seq_group_builder))
+
+        # For async postprocessor, the extra decode run cannot be done
+        # when the request reaches max_model_len. In this case, the request
+        # will be stopped during schedule() call and added to this stop list
+        # for processing and deallocation by the free_finished_seq_groups()
+        self._async_stopped: List[SequenceGroup] = []
+
+        # List with the chunk sizes to hand out to each sequence depending
+        # on how many partial prefills are running. This is slightly faster than
+        # running an integer division every time a prefill is scheduled.
+        # This splits the budget evenly among all prefills.
+        self.partial_prefill_budget_lookup_list = [0] * (
+            self.scheduler_config.max_num_partial_prefills + 1)
+        self.partial_prefill_budget_lookup_list[0] = (
+            scheduler_config.max_num_batched_tokens)
+        for i in range(1, self.scheduler_config.max_num_partial_prefills + 1):
+            self.partial_prefill_budget_lookup_list[i] = (
+                scheduler_config.max_num_batched_tokens // i)
+
+    @property
+    def next_cache_id(self):
+        return (self.cache_id + 1) % self.num_cache_iters
+
+    @property
+    def lora_enabled(self) -> bool:
+        return bool(self.lora_config)
+
+    @property
+    def num_decoding_tokens_per_seq(self) -> int:
+        """The number of new tokens."""
+        return 1
+
+    def add_seq_group(self, seq_group: SequenceGroup) -> None:
+        # Add sequence groups to the waiting queue.
+        self.waiting.append(seq_group)
+
+    def _add_seq_group_to_running(self, seq_group: SequenceGroup) -> None:
+        # Add sequence groups to the running queue.
+        # Only for testing purposes.
+        self.running.append(seq_group)
+
+    def _add_seq_group_to_swapped(self, seq_group: SequenceGroup) -> None:
+        # Add sequence groups to the swapped queue.
+        # Only for testing purposes.
+        self.swapped.append(seq_group)
+
+    def abort_seq_group(
+        self,
+        request_id: Union[str, Iterable[str]],
+        seq_id_to_seq_group: Optional[Dict[str, SequenceGroupBase]] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Aborts a sequence group with the given ID.
+
+        Check if the sequence group with the given ID
+            is present in any of the state queue.
+        If present, remove the sequence group from the state queue.
+            Also, if any of the sequences in the sequence group is not finished,
+                free the sequence with status `FINISHED_ABORTED`.
+        Otherwise, do nothing.
+
+        Args:
+            request_id: The ID(s) of the sequence group to abort.
+            seq_id_to_seq_group: helper for groups with n>1
+        """
+        if isinstance(request_id, str):
+            request_id = (request_id, )
+        request_ids = set(request_id)
+        seq_id_to_seq_group = seq_id_to_seq_group or {}
+        for state_queue in [self.waiting, self.running, self.swapped]:
+            aborted_groups: List[SequenceGroup] = []
+            for seq_group in state_queue:
+                # When n>1, seq_group.request_id looks like
+                # foo_parallel_sample_0, while request_ids is just foo, and we
+                # should resolve it as real_request_id to match.
+                if seq_group.request_id in seq_id_to_seq_group:
+                    real_request_id = seq_id_to_seq_group[
+                        seq_group.request_id].group_id
+                else:
+                    real_request_id = seq_group.request_id
+                if real_request_id in request_ids:
+                    # Appending aborted group into pending list.
+                    aborted_groups.append(seq_group)
+                    # We can't remove real_request_id in request_ids here,
+                    # because there may be other seq groups sharing the same
+                    # real_request_id
+            for aborted_group in aborted_groups:
+                # Remove the sequence group from the state queue.
+                state_queue.remove(aborted_group)
+                # Remove the aborted request from the Mamba cache.
+                self._finished_requests_ids.append(aborted_group.request_id)
+                for seq in aborted_group.get_seqs():
+                    if seq.is_finished():
+                        continue
+                    seq.status = SequenceStatus.FINISHED_ABORTED
+                    self.free_seq(seq)
+                if aborted_group.request_id in seq_id_to_seq_group:
+                    del seq_id_to_seq_group[aborted_group.request_id]
+
+                self._free_seq_group_cross_attn_blocks(aborted_group)
+
+    def _free_seq_group_cross_attn_blocks(
+        self,
+        seq_group: SequenceGroup,
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        Free a sequence group from a cross-attention block table.
+        Has no effect on decoder-only models.
+        """
+        if seq_group.is_encoder_decoder():
+            self.block_manager.free_cross(seq_group)
+
+    def has_unfinished_seqs(self) -> bool:
+        return (len(self.waiting) != 0 or len(self.running) != 0
+                or len(self.swapped) != 0)
+
+    def get_prefix_cache_hit_rate(self, device: Device) -> float:
+        return self.block_manager.get_prefix_cache_hit_rate(device)
+
+    def reset_prefix_cache(self, device: Optional[Device] = None) -> bool:
+        return self.block_manager.reset_prefix_cache(device)
+
+    def get_num_unfinished_seq_groups(self) -> int:
+        return len(self.waiting) + len(self.running) + len(self.swapped)
+
+    def get_and_reset_finished_requests_ids(self) -> List[str]:
+        """Flushes the list of request ids of previously finished seq_groups."""
+        finished_requests_ids = self._finished_requests_ids
+        self._finished_requests_ids = list()
+        return finished_requests_ids
+
+    def _schedule_running(
+        self,
+        budget: SchedulingBudget,
+        curr_loras: Optional[Set[int]],
+        enable_chunking: bool = False,
+        partial_prefill_metadata: Optional[PartialPrefillMetadata] = None,
+    ) -> SchedulerRunningOutputs:
+        """Schedule sequence groups that are running.
+
+        Running queue should include decode and chunked prefill requests.
+
+        Args:
+            budget: The scheduling budget. The argument is in-place updated
+                when any decodes are preempted.
+            curr_loras: Currently batched lora request ids. The argument is
+                in-place updated when any decodes are preempted.
+            enable_chunking: If True, seq group can be chunked and only a
+                chunked number of tokens are scheduled  if
+                `budget.num_batched_tokens` has not enough capacity to schedule
+                all tokens.
+            partial_prefill_metadata: information about the partial prefills
+            that are currently running
+
+        Returns:
+            SchedulerRunningOutputs.
+        """
+        ret: SchedulerRunningOutputs = self._scheduler_running_outputs_cache[
+            self.cache_id].get_object()
+        ret.blocks_to_swap_out.clear()
+        ret.blocks_to_copy.clear()
+        ret.decode_seq_groups.clear()
+        ret.prefill_seq_groups.clear()
+        ret.preempted.clear()
+        ret.swapped_out.clear()
+
+        ret.num_lookahead_slots = self._get_num_lookahead_slots(
+            is_prefill=False, enable_chunking=enable_chunking)
+
+        ret.decode_seq_groups_list.clear()
+        ret.prefill_seq_groups_list.clear()
+
+        # Blocks that need to be swapped or copied before model execution.
+        blocks_to_swap_out: List[Tuple[int, int]] = ret.blocks_to_swap_out
+        blocks_to_copy: List[Tuple[int, int]] = ret.blocks_to_copy
+
+        decode_seq_groups: List[ScheduledSequenceGroup] = ret.decode_seq_groups
+        prefill_seq_groups: List[
+            ScheduledSequenceGroup] = ret.prefill_seq_groups
+        preempted: List[SequenceGroup] = ret.preempted
+        swapped_out: List[SequenceGroup] = ret.swapped_out
+
+        running_queue = self.running
+        assert len(self._async_stopped) == 0
+        while running_queue:
+            seq_group = running_queue[0]
+            # We discard the cached tokens info here because we don't need it
+            # for running sequence:
+            #   1. If a sequence is running with chunked prefill, the cached
+            #      tokens info was already used for the first prefill.
+            #   2. If a sequence is running with non-chunked prefill, then
+            #      there it's a decoding sequence, and the cached tokens info is
+            #      irrelevant.
+            num_uncached_new_tokens, _ = \
+                self._get_num_new_uncached_and_cached_tokens(
+                seq_group,
+                SequenceStatus.RUNNING,
+                enable_chunking,
+                budget,
+                partial_prefill_metadata,
+            )
+
+            num_running_tokens = num_uncached_new_tokens
+            if num_running_tokens == 0:
+                # No budget => Stop
+                break
+
+            running_queue.popleft()
+
+            # With async postprocessor, an extra decode run is done
+            # to process the final tokens. The check below avoids this extra
+            # decode run when the model max len is reached, in order to avoid
+            # a memory overflow.
+            if (self.use_async_output_proc and seq_group.seqs[0].get_len()
+                    > self.scheduler_config.max_model_len):
+                self._async_stopped.append(seq_group)
+                continue
+
+            # NOTE(woosuk): Preemption happens only when there is no available
+            # slot to keep all the sequence groups in the RUNNING state.
+            while not self._can_append_slots(seq_group, enable_chunking):
+                budget.subtract_num_batched_tokens(seq_group.request_id,
+                                                   num_running_tokens)
+                num_running_seqs = seq_group.get_max_num_running_seqs()
+                budget.subtract_num_seqs(seq_group.request_id,
+                                         num_running_seqs)
+
+                if (curr_loras is not None and seq_group.lora_int_id > 0
+                        and seq_group.lora_int_id in curr_loras):
+                    curr_loras.remove(seq_group.lora_int_id)
+
+                # Determine victim sequence
+                cont_loop = True
+                if running_queue:
+                    # Preempt the lowest-priority sequence group.
+                    victim_seq_group = running_queue.pop()
+                else:
+                    # No other sequence group can be preempted.
+                    # Preempt the current sequence group.
+                    # Note: This is also where we stop this loop
+                    # (since there is nothing else to preempt)
+                    victim_seq_group = seq_group
+                    cont_loop = False
+
+                # With async postprocessor, before preempting a sequence
+                # we need to ensure it has no pending async postprocessor
+                do_preempt = True
+                if self.use_async_output_proc:
+                    assert self.output_proc_callback is not None
+                    self.output_proc_callback(
+                        request_id=victim_seq_group.request_id)
+
+                    # It may be that the async pending "victim_seq_group"
+                    # becomes finished, in which case we simply free it.
+                    if victim_seq_group.is_finished():
+                        self._free_finished_seq_group(victim_seq_group)
+                        do_preempt = False
+
+                # Do preemption
+                if do_preempt:
+                    preempted_mode = self._preempt(victim_seq_group,
+                                                   blocks_to_swap_out)
+                    if preempted_mode == PreemptionMode.RECOMPUTE:
+                        preempted.append(victim_seq_group)
+                    else:
+                        swapped_out.append(victim_seq_group)
+
+                if not cont_loop:
+                    break
+            else:
+                self._append_slots(seq_group, blocks_to_copy, enable_chunking)
+                is_prefill = seq_group.is_prefill()
+
+                scheduled_seq_group: ScheduledSequenceGroup = (
+                    self._scheduled_seq_group_cache[
+                        self.cache_id].get_object())
+                scheduled_seq_group.seq_group = seq_group
+                if is_prefill:
+                    scheduled_seq_group.token_chunk_size = num_running_tokens
+                    prefill_seq_groups.append(scheduled_seq_group)
+                    ret.prefill_seq_groups_list.append(seq_group)
+                else:
+                    scheduled_seq_group.token_chunk_size = 1
+                    decode_seq_groups.append(scheduled_seq_group)
+                    ret.decode_seq_groups_list.append(seq_group)
+
+                budget.add_num_batched_tokens(seq_group.request_id,
+                                              num_running_tokens)
+                # OPTIMIZATION:  Note that get_max_num_running_seqs is
+                # expensive. For the default scheduling chase where
+                # enable_chunking is False, num_seqs are updated before running
+                # this method, so we don't have to update it again here.
+                if enable_chunking:
+                    num_running_seqs = seq_group.get_max_num_running_seqs()
+                    budget.add_num_seqs(seq_group.request_id, num_running_seqs)
+                if curr_loras is not None and seq_group.lora_int_id > 0:
+                    curr_loras.add(seq_group.lora_int_id)
+
+        self._scheduler_running_outputs_cache[self.next_cache_id].reset()
+        self._scheduled_seq_group_cache[self.next_cache_id].reset()
+
+        return ret
+
+    def _schedule_swapped(
+        self,
+        budget: SchedulingBudget,
+        curr_loras: Optional[Set[int]],
+        enable_chunking: bool = False,
+    ) -> SchedulerSwappedInOutputs:
+        """Schedule sequence groups that are swapped out.
+
+        It schedules swapped requests as long as it fits `budget` and
+        curr_loras <= max_lora from the scheduling config. The input arguments
+        `budget` and `curr_loras` are updated based on scheduled seq_groups.
+
+        Args:
+            budget: The scheduling budget. The argument is in-place updated
+                when any requests are swapped in.
+            curr_loras: Currently batched lora request ids. The argument is
+                in-place updated when any requests are swapped in.
+            enable_chunking: If True, seq group can be chunked and only a
+                chunked number of tokens are scheduled  if
+                `budget.num_batched_tokens` has not enough capacity to schedule
+                all tokens.
+
+        Returns:
+            SchedulerSwappedInOutputs.
+        """
+        # Blocks that need to be swapped or copied before model execution.
+        blocks_to_swap_in: List[Tuple[int, int]] = []
+        blocks_to_copy: List[Tuple[int, int]] = []
+        decode_seq_groups: List[ScheduledSequenceGroup] = []
+        prefill_seq_groups: List[ScheduledSequenceGroup] = []
+        infeasible_seq_groups: List[SequenceGroup] = []
+
+        swapped_queue = self.swapped
+
+        leftover_swapped: Deque[SequenceGroup] = deque()
+        while swapped_queue:
+            seq_group = swapped_queue[0]
+
+            # If the sequence group cannot be swapped in, stop.
+            is_prefill = seq_group.is_prefill()
+            alloc_status = self.block_manager.can_swap_in(
+                seq_group,
+                self._get_num_lookahead_slots(is_prefill, enable_chunking))
+            if alloc_status == AllocStatus.LATER:
+                break
+            elif alloc_status == AllocStatus.NEVER:
+                logger.warning(
+                    "Failing the request %s because there's not enough kv "
+                    "cache blocks to run the entire sequence.",
+                    seq_group.request_id,
+                )
+                for seq in seq_group.get_seqs():
+                    seq.status = SequenceStatus.FINISHED_IGNORED
+                infeasible_seq_groups.append(seq_group)
+                swapped_queue.popleft()
+                continue
+
+            lora_int_id = 0
+            if self.lora_enabled:
+                lora_int_id = seq_group.lora_int_id
+                assert curr_loras is not None
+                assert self.lora_config is not None
+                if (lora_int_id > 0 and (lora_int_id not in curr_loras)
+                        and len(curr_loras) >= self.lora_config.max_loras):
+                    # We don't have a space for another LoRA, so
+                    # we ignore this request for now.
+                    leftover_swapped.appendleft(seq_group)
+                    swapped_queue.popleft()
+                    continue
+
+            # The total number of sequences in the RUNNING state should not
+            # exceed the maximum number of sequences.
+            num_new_seqs = seq_group.get_max_num_running_seqs()
+            num_new_tokens_uncached, num_new_tokens_cached = (
+                self._get_num_new_uncached_and_cached_tokens(
+                    seq_group, SequenceStatus.SWAPPED, enable_chunking,
+                    budget))
+
+            if num_new_tokens_uncached == 0 or not budget.can_schedule(
+                    num_new_tokens=num_new_tokens_uncached,
+                    num_new_seqs=num_new_seqs,
+            ):
+                break
+
+            if lora_int_id > 0 and curr_loras is not None:
+                curr_loras.add(lora_int_id)
+            swapped_queue.popleft()
+            self._swap_in(seq_group, blocks_to_swap_in)
+            self._append_slots(seq_group, blocks_to_copy, enable_chunking)
+            if is_prefill:
+                prefill_seq_groups.append(
+                    ScheduledSequenceGroup(
+                        seq_group,
+                        token_chunk_size=num_new_tokens_uncached +
+                        num_new_tokens_cached,
+                    ))
+            else:
+                decode_seq_groups.append(
+                    ScheduledSequenceGroup(seq_group, token_chunk_size=1))
+            budget.add_num_batched_tokens(
+                seq_group.request_id,
+                num_batched_tokens=num_new_tokens_uncached,
+                num_cached_tokens=num_new_tokens_cached,
+            )
+            budget.add_num_seqs(seq_group.request_id, num_new_seqs)
+
+        swapped_queue.extendleft(leftover_swapped)
+
+        return SchedulerSwappedInOutputs(
+            decode_seq_groups=decode_seq_groups,
+            prefill_seq_groups=prefill_seq_groups,
+            blocks_to_swap_in=blocks_to_swap_in,
+            blocks_to_copy=blocks_to_copy,
+            num_lookahead_slots=self._get_num_lookahead_slots(
+                is_prefill=False, enable_chunking=enable_chunking),
+            infeasible_seq_groups=infeasible_seq_groups,
+        )
+
+    def _get_prompt_limit(self, seq_group: SequenceGroup) -> int:
+        if (self.scheduler_config.chunked_prefill_enabled
+                and not self.scheduler_config.is_multi_step):
+            prompt_limit = self.scheduler_config.max_model_len
+        else:
+            prompt_limit = min(
+                self.scheduler_config.max_model_len,
+                self.scheduler_config.max_num_batched_tokens,
+            )
+
+        # Model is fine tuned with long context. Return the fine tuned max_len.
+        if seq_group.lora_request and seq_group.lora_request.long_lora_max_len:
+            assert prompt_limit <= seq_group.lora_request.long_lora_max_len
+            return seq_group.lora_request.long_lora_max_len
+        else:
+            return prompt_limit
+
+    def _get_priority(self,
+                      seq_group: SequenceGroup) -> Tuple[Optional[int], float]:
+        """Get the priority of the sequence group.
+        Highest preference to user-defined priority, followed by arrival time.
+        Args:
+            seq_group: The sequence group input.
+        Returns:
+            The priority of the sequence group.
+        """
+        return seq_group.priority, seq_group.arrival_time
+
+    def _schedule_priority_preemption(
+        self,
+        budget: SchedulingBudget,
+    ) -> int:
+        """Sorts waiting and running queue. Also, force preempt requests
+        from the running queue if their priority is lower.
+        Priority-based preemption is used with the priority policy.
+        Args:
+            budget: The scheduling budget. The argument is in-place updated
+                when any requests are scheduled.
+        Returns:
+            A count of priority-based preemptions.
+        """
+
+        waiting_queue = self.waiting
+
+        running_queue = deque(sorted(self.running, key=self._get_priority))
+
+        blocks_to_swap_out: List[Tuple[int, int]] = []
+        force_preemption_count = 0
+
+        if waiting_queue:
+            seq_group = waiting_queue.popleft()
+            num_new_seqs = seq_group.get_max_num_running_seqs()
+            num_new_tokens_uncached, _ = \
+                self._get_num_new_uncached_and_cached_tokens(
+                seq_group, SequenceStatus.WAITING, False, budget)
+
+            # Only preempt if priority inversion exists
+            while running_queue and self._get_priority(
+                    running_queue[-1]) > self._get_priority(seq_group):
+                # Only preempt if waiting sequence cannot be allocated
+                can_allocate = self.block_manager.can_allocate(seq_group)
+                if (num_new_tokens_uncached > 0
+                        and can_allocate == AllocStatus.OK
+                        and budget.can_schedule(
+                            num_new_tokens=num_new_tokens_uncached,
+                            num_new_seqs=num_new_seqs,
+                        )):
+                    break
+
+                # Adjust budget to remove the victim sequence group
+                vseq_group = running_queue.pop()
+                num_running_tokens_uncached, _ = (
+                    self._get_num_new_uncached_and_cached_tokens(
+                        vseq_group, SequenceStatus.RUNNING, False, budget))
+                budget.subtract_num_batched_tokens(
+                    vseq_group.request_id, num_running_tokens_uncached)
+                num_running_seqs = vseq_group.get_max_num_running_seqs()
+                budget.subtract_num_seqs(vseq_group.request_id,
+                                         num_running_seqs)
+
+                # Preempt out the victim sequence group
+                self._preempt(vseq_group, blocks_to_swap_out)
+                waiting_queue.appendleft(vseq_group)
+                force_preemption_count += 1
+            # Put the sequence back into the waiting queue
+            waiting_queue.appendleft(seq_group)
+
+        waiting_queue = deque(sorted(waiting_queue, key=self._get_priority))
+
+        self.waiting = waiting_queue
+        self.running = running_queue
+        return force_preemption_count
+
+    def _schedule_prefills(
+        self,
+        budget: SchedulingBudget,
+        curr_loras: Optional[Set[int]],
+        enable_chunking: bool = False,
+        partial_prefill_metadata: Optional[PartialPrefillMetadata] = None,
+    ) -> SchedulerPrefillOutputs:
+        """Schedule sequence groups that are in prefill stage.
+
+        Note that the current scheduler treats PREEMPTED_FOR_RECOMPUTE
+        as a new prefill (that starts from beginning -> most recently generated
+        tokens).
+
+        It schedules waiting requests as long as it fits `budget` and
+        curr_loras <= max_lora from the scheduling config. The input arguments
+        `budget` and `curr_loras` are updated based on scheduled seq_groups.
+
+        Args:
+            budget: The scheduling budget. The argument is in-place updated
+                when any requests are scheduled.
+            curr_loras: Currently batched lora request ids. The argument is
+                in-place updated when any requests are scheduled.
+            enable_chunking: If True, seq group can be chunked and only a
+                chunked number of tokens are scheduled  if
+                `budget.num_batched_tokens` has not enough capacity to schedule
+                all tokens.
+            partial_prefill_metadata: information about the partial prefills
+                that are currently running
+
+        Returns:
+            SchedulerPrefillOutputs.
+        """
+        if budget.remaining_token_budget() == 0:
+            # Do nothing: Can't add any more prefill anyway
+            return SchedulerPrefillOutputs(
+                seq_groups=[],
+                ignored_seq_groups=[],
+                num_lookahead_slots=self._get_num_lookahead_slots(
+                    is_prefill=True, enable_chunking=enable_chunking),
+            )
+        ignored_seq_groups: List[SequenceGroup] = []
+        seq_groups: List[ScheduledSequenceGroup] = []
+        using_prompt_embeds: bool = False
+
+        waiting_queue = self.waiting
+
+        leftover_waiting_sequences: Deque[SequenceGroup] = deque()
+        while self._passed_delay(time.time()) and waiting_queue:
+            seq_group = waiting_queue[0]
+
+            waiting_seqs = seq_group.get_seqs(status=SequenceStatus.WAITING)
+            assert len(waiting_seqs) == 1, (
+                "Waiting sequence group should have only one prompt "
+                "sequence.")
+            if (partial_prefill_metadata is not None
+                    and not partial_prefill_metadata.can_schedule(seq_group)):
+                leftover_waiting_sequences.appendleft(seq_group)
+                waiting_queue.popleft()
+                continue
+            num_new_tokens_uncached, num_new_tokens_cached = (
+                self._get_num_new_uncached_and_cached_tokens(
+                    seq_group,
+                    SequenceStatus.WAITING,
+                    enable_chunking,
+                    budget,
+                    partial_prefill_metadata=partial_prefill_metadata,
+                ))
+            num_new_tokens = num_new_tokens_uncached + num_new_tokens_cached
+
+            if not enable_chunking:
+                num_prompt_tokens = waiting_seqs[0].get_len()
+                assert num_new_tokens == num_prompt_tokens
+
+            prompt_limit = self._get_prompt_limit(seq_group)
+            if num_new_tokens > prompt_limit:
+                logger.warning(
+                    "Input prompt (%d tokens) is too long"
+                    " and exceeds limit of %d",
+                    num_new_tokens,
+                    prompt_limit,
+                )
+                for seq in waiting_seqs:
+                    seq.status = SequenceStatus.FINISHED_IGNORED
+                ignored_seq_groups.append(seq_group)
+                waiting_queue.popleft()
+                continue
+
+            num_lookahead_slots: int = 0
+            if self.scheduler_config.is_multi_step and enable_chunking:
+                num_lookahead_slots = self._get_num_lookahead_slots(
+                    True, enable_chunking)
+
+            # If the sequence group cannot be allocated, stop.
+            can_allocate = self.block_manager.can_allocate(
+                seq_group, num_lookahead_slots=num_lookahead_slots)
+            if can_allocate == AllocStatus.LATER:
+                break
+            elif can_allocate == AllocStatus.NEVER:
+                logger.warning(
+                    "Input prompt (%d tokens) + lookahead slots (%d) is "
+                    "too long and exceeds the capacity of block_manager",
+                    num_new_tokens,
+                    num_lookahead_slots,
+                )
+                for seq in waiting_seqs:
+                    seq.status = SequenceStatus.FINISHED_IGNORED
+                ignored_seq_groups.append(seq_group)
+                waiting_queue.popleft()
+                continue
+
+            # We cannot mix sequence groups that use prompt embeds and
+            # those that do not.
+            if len(seq_groups) == 0:
+                using_prompt_embeds = seq_group.uses_prompt_embeds()
+            if using_prompt_embeds != seq_group.uses_prompt_embeds():
+                leftover_waiting_sequences.appendleft(seq_group)
+                waiting_queue.popleft()
+                continue
+
+            lora_int_id = 0
+            if self.lora_enabled:
+                lora_int_id = seq_group.lora_int_id
+                assert curr_loras is not None
+                assert self.lora_config is not None
+                if (self.lora_enabled and lora_int_id > 0
+                        and lora_int_id not in curr_loras
+                        and len(curr_loras) >= self.lora_config.max_loras):
+                    # We don't have a space for another LoRA, so
+                    # we ignore this request for now.
+                    leftover_waiting_sequences.appendleft(seq_group)
+                    waiting_queue.popleft()
+                    continue
+
+            if (budget.num_batched_tokens
+                    >= self.scheduler_config.max_num_batched_tokens):
+                # We've reached the budget limit - since there might be
+                # continuous prefills in the running queue, we should break
+                # to avoid scheduling any new prefills.
+                break
+
+            num_new_seqs = seq_group.get_max_num_running_seqs()
+            if num_new_tokens_uncached == 0 or not budget.can_schedule(
+                    num_new_tokens=num_new_tokens_uncached,
+                    num_new_seqs=num_new_seqs,
+            ):
+                break
+
+            # Can schedule this request.
+            if curr_loras is not None and lora_int_id > 0:
+                curr_loras.add(lora_int_id)
+            waiting_queue.popleft()
+            self._allocate_and_set_running(seq_group)
+
+            if partial_prefill_metadata is not None:
+                partial_prefill_metadata.maybe_increment_partial_prefills(
+                    seq_group)
+
+            if enable_chunking and self.scheduler_config.is_multi_step:
+                blocks_to_copy: List[Tuple[int, int]] = []
+                # init_multi_step_from_lookahead_slots happens in append_slots
+                self._append_slots(seq_group, blocks_to_copy, enable_chunking)
+                # This assert will trip when a copy-on-write happens. This is
+                # not a concern as the very first sequence-group block
+                # allocation happens above. Still, we have the assert to
+                # catch any edge-cases.
+                assert not blocks_to_copy
+            else:
+                seq_group.init_multi_step_from_lookahead_slots(
+                    num_lookahead_slots,
+                    num_scheduler_steps=self.scheduler_config.
+                    num_scheduler_steps,
+                    is_multi_step=self.scheduler_config.is_multi_step,
+                    enable_chunking=enable_chunking,
+                )
+
+            seq_groups.append(
+                ScheduledSequenceGroup(seq_group=seq_group,
+                                       token_chunk_size=num_new_tokens))
+            budget.add_num_batched_tokens(
+                seq_group.request_id,
+                num_batched_tokens=num_new_tokens_uncached,
+                num_cached_tokens=num_new_tokens_cached,
+            )
+            budget.add_num_seqs(seq_group.request_id, num_new_seqs)
+
+        # Queue requests that couldn't be scheduled.
+        waiting_queue.extendleft(leftover_waiting_sequences)
+        if len(seq_groups) > 0:
+            self.prev_prompt = True
+
+        return SchedulerPrefillOutputs(
+            seq_groups=seq_groups,
+            ignored_seq_groups=ignored_seq_groups,
+            num_lookahead_slots=self._get_num_lookahead_slots(
+                is_prefill=True, enable_chunking=enable_chunking),
+        )
+
+    def _schedule_default(self) -> SchedulerOutputs:
+        """Schedule queued requests.
+
+        The current policy is designed to optimize the throughput. First,
+        it batches as many prefill requests as possible. And it schedules
+        decodes. If there's a pressure on GPU memory, decode requests can
+        be swapped or preempted.
+        """
+        # Include running requests to the budget.
+        budget = SchedulingBudget(
+            token_budget=self.scheduler_config.max_num_batched_tokens,
+            max_num_seqs=self.scheduler_config.max_num_seqs,
+        )
+        # Make sure we include num running seqs before scheduling prefill,
+        # so that we don't schedule beyond max_num_seqs for prefill.
+        for seq_group in self.running:
+            budget.add_num_seqs(seq_group.request_id,
+                                seq_group.get_max_num_running_seqs())
+        curr_loras = (set(
+            seq_group.lora_int_id for seq_group in self.running
+            if seq_group.lora_int_id > 0) if self.lora_enabled else None)
+
+        prefills = SchedulerPrefillOutputs.create_empty()
+        running_scheduled = SchedulerRunningOutputs.create_empty()
+        swapped_in = SchedulerSwappedInOutputs.create_empty()
+
+        # If any requests are swapped, prioritized swapped requests.
+        if not self.swapped:
+            prefills = self._schedule_prefills(budget,
+                                               curr_loras,
+                                               enable_chunking=False)
+
+        if len(prefills.seq_groups
+               ) == 0 and self.scheduler_config.policy == "priority":
+            self._schedule_priority_preemption(budget)
+
+        # Don't schedule decodes if prefills are scheduled.
+        # NOTE: If `_schedule_prefills` doesn't enable chunking, self.running
+        # only contains decode requests, not chunked prefills.
+        if len(prefills.seq_groups) == 0:
+            running_scheduled = self._schedule_running(budget,
+                                                       curr_loras,
+                                                       enable_chunking=False)
+
+            # If any sequence group is preempted, do not swap in any sequence
+            # group. because it means there's no slot for new running requests.
+            if (len(running_scheduled.preempted) +
+                    len(running_scheduled.swapped_out) == 0):
+                swapped_in = \
+                    self._schedule_swapped(budget, curr_loras)
+
+        assert (budget.num_batched_tokens
+                <= self.scheduler_config.max_num_batched_tokens)
+        assert budget.num_curr_seqs <= self.scheduler_config.max_num_seqs
+
+        # Update waiting requests.
+        self.waiting.extendleft(running_scheduled.preempted)
+        # Update new running requests.
+        if len(prefills.seq_groups) > 0:
+            self.running.extend([s.seq_group for s in prefills.seq_groups])
+
+        self.running.extend(running_scheduled.decode_seq_groups_list)
+
+        if len(swapped_in.decode_seq_groups) > 0:
+            self.running.extend(
+                [s.seq_group for s in swapped_in.decode_seq_groups])
+
+        # Update swapped requests.
+        self.swapped.extend(running_scheduled.swapped_out)
+        preempted = len(running_scheduled.preempted) + len(
+            running_scheduled.swapped_out)
+
+        # There should be no prefill from running queue because this policy
+        # doesn't allow chunked prefills.
+        assert len(running_scheduled.prefill_seq_groups) == 0
+        assert len(swapped_in.prefill_seq_groups) == 0
+
+        # Merge lists
+        num_prefill_groups = len(prefills.seq_groups)
+        ignored_seq_groups_for_embeds = list[SequenceGroup]()
+        if num_prefill_groups > 0:
+            scheduled_seq_groups = prefills.seq_groups
+            scheduled_seq_groups.extend(running_scheduled.decode_seq_groups)
+            ignored_seq_groups_for_embeds.clear()
+        else:
+            scheduled_seq_groups = running_scheduled.decode_seq_groups
+            if len(scheduled_seq_groups) > 0:
+                using_prompt_embeds = scheduled_seq_groups[
+                    0].seq_group.uses_prompt_embeds()
+                ignored_seq_groups_for_embeds.clear()
+                indices_ignored = list[int]()
+                for i, schedule_seq_group in enumerate(scheduled_seq_groups):
+                    if using_prompt_embeds !=\
+                        schedule_seq_group.seq_group.uses_prompt_embeds():
+                        ignored_seq_groups_for_embeds.append(
+                            schedule_seq_group.seq_group)
+                        indices_ignored.append(i)
+                if len(ignored_seq_groups_for_embeds) > 0:
+                    scheduled_seq_groups = [
+                        group for i, group in enumerate(scheduled_seq_groups)
+                        if i not in indices_ignored
+                    ]
+            else:
+                ignored_seq_groups_for_embeds.clear()
+
+        scheduled_seq_groups.extend(swapped_in.decode_seq_groups)
+
+        blocks_to_copy = running_scheduled.blocks_to_copy
+        blocks_to_copy.extend(swapped_in.blocks_to_copy)
+
+        ignored_seq_groups = prefills.ignored_seq_groups
+        ignored_seq_groups.extend(ignored_seq_groups_for_embeds)
+        ignored_seq_groups.extend(swapped_in.infeasible_seq_groups)
+
+        return SchedulerOutputs(
+            scheduled_seq_groups=scheduled_seq_groups,
+            num_prefill_groups=num_prefill_groups,
+            num_batched_tokens=budget.num_batched_tokens +
+            budget.num_cached_tokens,
+            blocks_to_swap_in=swapped_in.blocks_to_swap_in,
+            blocks_to_swap_out=running_scheduled.blocks_to_swap_out,
+            blocks_to_copy=blocks_to_copy,
+            ignored_seq_groups=ignored_seq_groups,
+            num_lookahead_slots=running_scheduled.num_lookahead_slots,
+            running_queue_size=len(self.running),
+            preempted=preempted,
+        )
+
+    def _schedule_chunked_prefill(self) -> SchedulerOutputs:
+        """Schedule queued requests.
+
+        Chunked prefill allows to chunk prefill requests, batch them together
+        with decode requests. This policy 1. schedule as many decoding requests
+        as possible. 2. schedule chunked prefill requests that are not
+        finished. 3. schedule swapped request. 4. schedule new prefill
+        requests.
+
+        The policy can sustain the high GPU utilization because it can put
+        prefill and decodes requests to the same batch, while it improves
+        inter token latency because decodes requests don't need to be blocked
+        by prefill requests.
+        """
+        budget = SchedulingBudget(
+            token_budget=self.scheduler_config.max_num_batched_tokens,
+            max_num_seqs=self.scheduler_config.max_num_seqs,
+        )
+        curr_loras: Set[int] = set()
+
+        prefills = SchedulerPrefillOutputs.create_empty()
+        swapped_in = SchedulerSwappedInOutputs.create_empty()
+
+        # Create partial prefill metadata
+        partial_prefill_metadata = PartialPrefillMetadata.from_queues(
+            running=self.running,
+            waiting=self.waiting,
+            scheduler_config=self.scheduler_config,
+        )
+
+        # Decoding should be always scheduled first by fcfs.
+        running_scheduled = self._schedule_running(
+            budget,
+            curr_loras,
+            enable_chunking=True,
+            partial_prefill_metadata=partial_prefill_metadata,
+        )
+
+        # Schedule swapped out requests.
+        # If preemption happens, it means we don't have space for swap-in.
+        if len(running_scheduled.preempted) + len(
+                running_scheduled.swapped_out) == 0:
+            swapped_in = self._schedule_swapped(budget, curr_loras)
+
+        prefills = self._schedule_prefills(
+            budget,
+            curr_loras,
+            enable_chunking=True,
+            partial_prefill_metadata=partial_prefill_metadata,
+        )
+
+        assert (budget.num_batched_tokens
+                <= self.scheduler_config.max_num_batched_tokens)
+        assert budget.num_curr_seqs <= self.scheduler_config.max_num_seqs
+
+        # Update waiting requests.
+        self.waiting.extendleft(running_scheduled.preempted)
+
+        # Update new running requests.
+        # By default, vLLM scheduler prioritizes prefills.
+        # Once chunked prefill is enabled,
+        # the policy is changed to prioritize decode requests.
+        self.running.extend(
+            [s.seq_group for s in swapped_in.decode_seq_groups])
+        self.running.extend(
+            [s.seq_group for s in swapped_in.prefill_seq_groups])
+        self.running.extend(
+            [s.seq_group for s in running_scheduled.decode_seq_groups])
+        # Because multiple prefills may be running concurrently, we need to
+        # make sure that prefills which are scheduled to finish are listed
+        # before those that won't. This is so that on the next scheduling
+        # iteration when they have transitioned to the decode stage, they are
+        # properly prioritized over sequences that are still in the prefill
+        # stage.
+        self.running.extend(
+            self._order_finishing_prefills_first(
+                running_scheduled.prefill_seq_groups))
+        self.running.extend([s.seq_group for s in prefills.seq_groups])
+
+        # Update swapped requests.
+        self.swapped.extend(running_scheduled.swapped_out)
+        # Put prefills first due to Attention backend ordering assumption.
+        scheduled_seq_groups = (prefills.seq_groups +
+                                running_scheduled.prefill_seq_groups +
+                                swapped_in.prefill_seq_groups +
+                                running_scheduled.decode_seq_groups +
+                                swapped_in.decode_seq_groups)
+        num_prefill_groups = (len(prefills.seq_groups) +
+                              len(swapped_in.prefill_seq_groups) +
+                              len(running_scheduled.prefill_seq_groups))
+        # If all prompts, then we set num_lookahead_slots to 0
+        # this allows us to go through the `no_spec` path in
+        # `spec_decode_worker.py`
+        all_prefills = len(scheduled_seq_groups) == num_prefill_groups
+        num_lookahead_slots = (0 if
+                               (all_prefills
+                                and not self.scheduler_config.is_multi_step)
+                               else running_scheduled.num_lookahead_slots)
+        return SchedulerOutputs(
+            scheduled_seq_groups=scheduled_seq_groups,
+            num_prefill_groups=num_prefill_groups,
+            num_batched_tokens=budget.num_batched_tokens +
+            budget.num_cached_tokens,
+            blocks_to_swap_in=swapped_in.blocks_to_swap_in,
+            blocks_to_swap_out=running_scheduled.blocks_to_swap_out,
+            blocks_to_copy=running_scheduled.blocks_to_copy +
+            swapped_in.blocks_to_copy,
+            ignored_seq_groups=prefills.ignored_seq_groups +
+            swapped_in.infeasible_seq_groups,
+            num_lookahead_slots=num_lookahead_slots,
+            running_queue_size=len(self.running),
+            preempted=(len(running_scheduled.preempted) +
+                       len(running_scheduled.swapped_out)),
+        )
+
+    def _order_finishing_prefills_first(
+        self, scheduled_prefill_seqs: List[ScheduledSequenceGroup]
+    ) -> List[SequenceGroup]:
+        """Returns a list of prefilling SequenceGroups where sequences that are
+        scheduled to finish prefilling are listed first"""
+        finishing = [
+            s.seq_group for s in scheduled_prefill_seqs
+            if s.seq_group.get_num_uncomputed_tokens() == s.token_chunk_size
+        ]
+        not_finishing = [
+            s.seq_group for s in scheduled_prefill_seqs
+            if s.seq_group.get_num_uncomputed_tokens() != s.token_chunk_size
+        ]
+        return finishing + not_finishing
+
+    def _schedule(self) -> SchedulerOutputs:
+        """Schedule queued requests."""
+        if self.scheduler_config.chunked_prefill_enabled:
+            return self._schedule_chunked_prefill()
+        else:
+            return self._schedule_default()
+
+    def _can_append_slots(self, seq_group: SequenceGroup,
+                          enable_chunking: bool) -> bool:
+        """Determine whether or not we have enough space in the KV cache to
+        continue generation of the sequence group.
+        """
+        # It is True only for testing case to trigger artificial preemption.
+        if (self.enable_artificial_preemption
+                and random.uniform(0, 1) < ARTIFICIAL_PREEMPTION_PROB
+                and self.artificial_preempt_cnt > 0):
+            self.artificial_preempt_cnt -= 1
+            return False
+
+        is_prefill = seq_group.is_prefill()
+        num_lookahead_slots = self._get_num_lookahead_slots(
+            is_prefill, enable_chunking)
+
+        if is_prefill and num_lookahead_slots > 0:
+            # Appending prefill slots only happens multi-step and
+            # chunked-prefill are enabled together.
+            assert self.scheduler_config.is_multi_step and enable_chunking
+
+        return self.block_manager.can_append_slots(
+            seq_group=seq_group, num_lookahead_slots=num_lookahead_slots)
+
+    def _allow_async_output_proc(self, seq_group: SequenceGroup) -> bool:
+        # async_output_proc is allowed only when we have a single sequence
+        # in the sequence group
+        no_single_seq = seq_group.sampling_params is None or (
+            seq_group.sampling_params.n == 1)
+        return no_single_seq
+
+    def schedule(
+            self
+    ) -> Tuple[List[SequenceGroupMetadata], SchedulerOutputs, bool]:
+        # Schedule sequence groups.
+        # This function call changes the internal states of the scheduler
+        # such as self.running, self.swapped, and self.waiting.
+        scheduler_start_time = time.perf_counter()
+
+        scheduler_outputs: SchedulerOutputs = self._schedule()
+        now = time.time()
+
+        if not self.cache_config.enable_prefix_caching:
+            common_computed_block_nums = []
+
+        allow_async_output_proc: bool = self.use_async_output_proc
+
+        # Create input data structures.
+        seq_group_metadata_list: List[SequenceGroupMetadata] = []
+        for i, scheduled_seq_group in enumerate(
+                scheduler_outputs.scheduled_seq_groups):
+            seq_group = scheduled_seq_group.seq_group
+            token_chunk_size = scheduled_seq_group.token_chunk_size
+            seq_group.maybe_set_first_scheduled_time(now)
+
+            seq_group_metadata = self._seq_group_metadata_cache[
+                self.cache_id].get_object()
+            seq_group_metadata.seq_data.clear()
+            seq_group_metadata.block_tables.clear()
+
+            # seq_id -> SequenceData
+            seq_data: Dict[int, SequenceData] = {}
+            # seq_id -> physical block numbers
+            block_tables: Dict[int, List[int]] = {}
+
+            if seq_group.is_encoder_decoder():
+                # Encoder associated with SequenceGroup
+                encoder_seq = seq_group.get_encoder_seq()
+                assert encoder_seq is not None
+                encoder_seq_data = encoder_seq.data
+                # Block table for cross-attention
+                # Also managed at SequenceGroup level
+                cross_block_table = self.block_manager.get_cross_block_table(
+                    seq_group)
+            else:
+                encoder_seq_data = None
+                cross_block_table = None
+
+            for seq in seq_group.get_seqs(status=SequenceStatus.RUNNING):
+                seq_id = seq.seq_id
+                seq_data[seq_id] = seq.data
+                block_tables[seq_id] = self.block_manager.get_block_table(seq)
+                self.block_manager.access_all_blocks_in_seq(seq, now)
+
+            if self.cache_config.enable_prefix_caching:
+                common_computed_block_nums = (
+                    self.block_manager.get_common_computed_block_ids(
+                        seq_group.get_seqs(status=SequenceStatus.RUNNING)))
+
+            do_sample = True
+            is_prompt = seq_group.is_prefill()
+            # We should send the metadata to workers when the first prefill
+            # is sent. Subsequent requests could be chunked prefill or decode.
+            is_first_prefill = False
+            if is_prompt:
+                seqs = seq_group.get_seqs()
+                # Prefill has only 1 sequence.
+                assert len(seqs) == 1
+                num_computed_tokens = seqs[0].data.get_num_computed_tokens()
+                is_first_prefill = num_computed_tokens == 0
+                # In the next iteration, all prompt tokens are not computed.
+                # It means the prefill is chunked, and we don't need sampling.
+                # NOTE: We use get_len instead of get_prompt_len because when
+                # a sequence is preempted, prefill includes previous generated
+                # output tokens.
+                if (token_chunk_size + num_computed_tokens
+                        < seqs[0].data.get_len()):
+                    do_sample = False
+
+            # It assumes the scheduled_seq_groups is ordered by
+            # prefill < decoding.
+            if is_first_prefill or not self.scheduler_config.send_delta_data:
+                seq_group_metadata = SequenceGroupMetadata(
+                    request_id=seq_group.request_id,
+                    is_prompt=is_prompt,
+                    seq_data=seq_data,
+                    sampling_params=seq_group.sampling_params,
+                    block_tables=block_tables,
+                    do_sample=do_sample,
+                    pooling_params=seq_group.pooling_params,
+                    token_chunk_size=token_chunk_size,
+                    lora_request=seq_group.lora_request,
+                    computed_block_nums=common_computed_block_nums,
+                    encoder_seq_data=encoder_seq_data,
+                    cross_block_table=cross_block_table,
+                    state=seq_group.state,
+                    token_type_ids=seq_group.token_type_ids,
+                    # `multi_modal_data` will only be present for the 1st comm
+                    # between engine and worker.
+                    # the subsequent comms can still use delta, but
+                    # `multi_modal_data` will be None.
+                    multi_modal_data=(seq_group.multi_modal_data
+                                      if scheduler_outputs.num_prefill_groups
+                                      > 0 else None),
+                    multi_modal_placeholders=(
+                        seq_group.multi_modal_placeholders
+                        if scheduler_outputs.num_prefill_groups > 0 else None),
+                    prompt_adapter_request=seq_group.prompt_adapter_request,
+                )
+            else:
+                # When SPMD mode is enabled, we only send delta data except for
+                # the first request to reduce serialization cost.
+                seq_data_delta = {}
+                for id, data in seq_data.items():
+                    seq_data_delta[id] = data.get_delta_and_reset()
+                seq_group_metadata = SequenceGroupMetadataDelta(
+                    seq_data_delta,
+                    seq_group.request_id,
+                    block_tables,
+                    is_prompt,
+                    do_sample=do_sample,
+                    token_chunk_size=token_chunk_size,
+                    computed_block_nums=common_computed_block_nums,
+                )
+            seq_group_metadata_list.append(seq_group_metadata)
+
+            if allow_async_output_proc:
+                allow_async_output_proc = self._allow_async_output_proc(
+                    seq_group)
+
+        # Now that the batch has been created, we can assume all blocks in the
+        # batch will have been computed before the next scheduling invocation.
+        # This is because the engine assumes that a failure in model execution
+        # will crash the vLLM instance / will not retry.
+        for scheduled_seq_group in scheduler_outputs.scheduled_seq_groups:
+            self.block_manager.mark_blocks_as_computed(
+                scheduled_seq_group.seq_group,
+                scheduled_seq_group.token_chunk_size)
+
+        self._seq_group_metadata_cache[self.next_cache_id].reset()
+
+        scheduler_time = time.perf_counter() - scheduler_start_time
+        # Add this to scheduler time to all the sequences that are currently
+        # running. This will help estimate if the scheduler is a significant
+        # component in the e2e latency.
+        for seq_group in self.running:
+            if seq_group is not None and seq_group.metrics is not None:
+                if seq_group.metrics.scheduler_time is not None:
+                    seq_group.metrics.scheduler_time += scheduler_time
+                else:
+                    seq_group.metrics.scheduler_time = scheduler_time
+
+        # Move to next cache (if exists)
+        self.cache_id = self.next_cache_id
+
+        # Return results
+        return (seq_group_metadata_list, scheduler_outputs,
+                allow_async_output_proc)
+
+    def fork_seq(self, parent_seq: Sequence, child_seq: Sequence) -> None:
+        self.block_manager.fork(parent_seq, child_seq)
+
+    def free_seq(self, seq: Sequence) -> None:
+        """Free a sequence from a block table."""
+        self.block_manager.free(seq)
+
+    def _free_finished_seqs(self, seq_group: SequenceGroup) -> None:
+        """Free finished seqs in a sequence group."""
+        for seq in seq_group.get_seqs():
+            if seq.is_finished():
+                self.free_seq(seq)
+
+    def _free_finished_seq_group(self, seq_group: SequenceGroup) -> None:
+        if seq_group.is_finished():
+            # Free cross-attention block table, if it exists
+            self._free_seq_group_cross_attn_blocks(seq_group)
+
+            # Add the finished requests to the finished requests list.
+            # This list will be used to update the Mamba cache in the
+            # next step.
+            self._finished_requests_ids.append(seq_group.request_id)
+
+        # Free finished seqs
+        self._free_finished_seqs(seq_group)
+
+    def free_finished_seq_groups(self) -> None:
+        remaining: Deque[SequenceGroup] = deque()
+        for seq_group in self.running:
+            self._free_finished_seq_group(seq_group)
+            if not seq_group.is_finished():
+                remaining.append(seq_group)
+
+        self.running = remaining
+
+        # Handle async stopped sequence groups
+        # (ones that reached max model len)
+        if self._async_stopped:
+            for seq_group in self._async_stopped:
+                self._free_seq_group_cross_attn_blocks(seq_group)
+                self._finished_requests_ids.append(seq_group.request_id)
+
+                # Free finished seqs
+                self._free_finished_seqs(seq_group)
+
+            self._async_stopped.clear()
+
+    def _allocate_and_set_running(self, seq_group: SequenceGroup) -> None:
+        self.block_manager.allocate(seq_group)
+        for seq in seq_group.get_seqs(status=SequenceStatus.WAITING):
+            seq.status = SequenceStatus.RUNNING
+
+    def _append_slots(
+        self,
+        seq_group: SequenceGroup,
+        blocks_to_copy: List[Tuple[int, int]],
+        enable_chunking: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Appends new slots to the sequences in the given sequence group.
+
+        Args:
+            seq_group (SequenceGroup): The sequence group containing the
+                sequences to append slots to.
+            blocks_to_copy (List[Tuple[int, int]]): A list of tuple of two
+                ints, the first int is the source block index, and the second
+                int is the destination block index. This list is updated with
+                the new source and destination block indices for the appended
+                slots.
+            enable_chunking (bool): True if chunked prefill is enabled.
+        """
+        is_prefill: bool = seq_group.is_prefill()
+        num_lookahead_slots: int = self._get_num_lookahead_slots(
+            is_prefill, enable_chunking)
+
+        seq_group.init_multi_step_from_lookahead_slots(
+            num_lookahead_slots,
+            num_scheduler_steps=self.scheduler_config.num_scheduler_steps,
+            is_multi_step=self.scheduler_config.is_multi_step,
+            enable_chunking=enable_chunking,
+        )
+
+        seq_status: Optional[SequenceStatus] = SequenceStatus.RUNNING
+        if self.scheduler_config.is_multi_step and enable_chunking:
+            # In multi-step chunked-prefill any sequence type can have
+            # slots appended.
+            seq_status = None
+
+        for seq in seq_group.get_seqs(status=seq_status):
+            cows = self.block_manager.append_slots(seq, num_lookahead_slots)
+            if len(cows) > 0:
+                blocks_to_copy.extend(cows)
+
+    def _preempt(self, seq_group: SequenceGroup,
+                 blocks_to_swap_out: List[Tuple[int, int]]) -> PreemptionMode:
+        # If preemption mode is not specified, we determine the mode as follows:
+        # We use recomputation by default since it incurs lower overhead than
+        # swapping. However, when the sequence group has multiple sequences
+        # (e.g., beam search), recomputation is not currently supported. In
+        # such a case, we use swapping instead.
+        # FIXME(woosuk): This makes our scheduling policy a bit bizarre.
+        # As swapped sequences are prioritized over waiting sequences,
+        # sequence groups with multiple sequences are implicitly prioritized
+        # over sequence groups with a single sequence.
+        # TODO(woosuk): Support recomputation for sequence groups with multiple
+        # sequences. This may require a more sophisticated CUDA kernel.
+        if self.user_specified_preemption_mode is None:
+            if seq_group.get_max_num_running_seqs() == 1:
+                preemption_mode = PreemptionMode.RECOMPUTE
+            else:
+                preemption_mode = PreemptionMode.SWAP
+
+        elif self.user_specified_preemption_mode == "swap":
+            preemption_mode = PreemptionMode.SWAP
+        else:
+            preemption_mode = PreemptionMode.RECOMPUTE
+
+        if self.num_cumulative_preemption % 50 == 0:
+            logger.warning(
+                "Sequence group %s is preempted by %s mode because there is "
+                "not enough KV cache space. This can affect the end-to-end "
+                "performance. Increase gpu_memory_utilization or "
+                "tensor_parallel_size to provide more KV cache memory. "
+                "total_num_cumulative_preemption=%d",
+                seq_group.request_id,
+                preemption_mode,
+                self.num_cumulative_preemption + 1,
+            )
+        self.num_cumulative_preemption += 1
+
+        if preemption_mode == PreemptionMode.RECOMPUTE:
+            self._preempt_by_recompute(seq_group)
+        elif preemption_mode == PreemptionMode.SWAP:
+            self._preempt_by_swap(seq_group, blocks_to_swap_out)
+        else:
+            raise AssertionError("Invalid preemption mode.")
+        return preemption_mode
+
+    def _preempt_by_recompute(
+        self,
+        seq_group: SequenceGroup,
+    ) -> None:
+        seqs = seq_group.get_seqs(status=SequenceStatus.RUNNING)
+        assert len(seqs) == 1
+        for seq in seqs:
+            seq.status = SequenceStatus.WAITING
+            self.free_seq(seq)
+            seq.reset_state_for_recompute()
+        self._free_seq_group_cross_attn_blocks(seq_group)
+
+    def _preempt_by_swap(
+        self,
+        seq_group: SequenceGroup,
+        blocks_to_swap_out: List[Tuple[int, int]],
+    ) -> None:
+        self._swap_out(seq_group, blocks_to_swap_out)
+
+    def _swap_in(
+        self,
+        seq_group: SequenceGroup,
+        blocks_to_swap_in: List[Tuple[int, int]],
+    ) -> None:
+        mapping = self.block_manager.swap_in(seq_group)
+        blocks_to_swap_in.extend(mapping)
+        for seq in seq_group.get_seqs(status=SequenceStatus.SWAPPED):
+            seq.status = SequenceStatus.RUNNING
+
+    def _swap_out(
+        self,
+        seq_group: SequenceGroup,
+        blocks_to_swap_out: List[Tuple[int, int]],
+    ) -> None:
+        if not self.block_manager.can_swap_out(seq_group):
+            # FIXME(woosuk): Abort the sequence group instead of aborting the
+            # entire engine.
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                "Aborted due to the lack of CPU swap space. Please increase "
+                "the swap space to avoid this error.")
+        mapping = self.block_manager.swap_out(seq_group)
+        blocks_to_swap_out.extend(mapping)
+        for seq in seq_group.get_seqs(status=SequenceStatus.RUNNING):
+            seq.status = SequenceStatus.SWAPPED
+
+    def _passed_delay(self, now: float) -> bool:
+        if self.prev_prompt:
+            self.last_prompt_latency = now - self.prev_time
+        self.prev_time, self.prev_prompt = now, False
+        # Delay scheduling prompts to let waiting queue fill up
+        if self.scheduler_config.delay_factor > 0 and self.waiting:
+            earliest_arrival_time = min(
+                [e.metrics.arrival_time for e in self.waiting])
+            passed_delay = ((now - earliest_arrival_time)
+                            > (self.scheduler_config.delay_factor *
+                               self.last_prompt_latency) or not self.running)
+        else:
+            passed_delay = True
+        return passed_delay
+
+    def _get_num_lookahead_slots(self, is_prefill: bool,
+                                 enable_chunking: bool) -> int:
+        """The number of slots to allocate per sequence per step, beyond known
+        token ids. Speculative decoding uses these slots to store KV activations
+        of tokens which may or may not be accepted.
+
+        Speculative decoding does not yet support prefill, so we do not perform
+        lookahead allocation for prefill.
+
+        When chunking is enabled with multi-step, we allocate lookahead slots
+        for the prefills for when the prefills turn into decodes in the first
+        step.
+        """
+        if is_prefill:
+            if self.scheduler_config.is_multi_step and enable_chunking:
+                # num_lookahead_slots was introduced in the context of decodes,
+                # in Speculative Decoding.
+                # When the num_scheduler_steps is 8, say, then the
+                # num_lookahead_slots is 7. Meaning, we are doing a 1-step of
+                # decode anyways and we wish to do 7 more.
+                #
+                # "lookaheads" for prefills, is introduced in support for
+                # Chunked-Prefill in Multi-Step.
+                return self.scheduler_config.num_lookahead_slots + 1
+            else:
+                return 0
+
+        return self.scheduler_config.num_lookahead_slots
+
+    def _get_num_new_uncached_and_cached_tokens(
+        self,
+        seq_group: SequenceGroup,
+        status: SequenceStatus,
+        enable_chunking: bool,
+        budget: SchedulingBudget,
+        partial_prefill_metadata: Optional[PartialPrefillMetadata] = None,
+    ) -> Tuple[int, int]:
+        """
+        Returns the number of new uncached and cached tokens to schedule for a
+        given sequence group that's in a given `status`.
+
+        The API could chunk the number of tokens to compute based on `budget`
+        if `enable_chunking` is True. If a sequence group has multiple
+        sequences (e.g., running beam search), it means it is in decoding
+        phase, so chunking doesn't happen.
+
+        Returns (0, 0) if the new token cannot be computed due to token budget.
+
+        The cached tokens's blocks are already computed, and the attention
+        backend will reuse the cached blocks rather than recomputing them. So
+        the scheduler could schedule these cached tokens "for free".
+
+        Args:
+            seq_group: The sequence group to get the number of new tokens to
+                schedule.
+            status: The status of the sequences to get the number of new tokens
+                to schedule.
+            enable_chunking: Whether to chunk the number of tokens to compute.
+            budget: The budget to chunk the number of tokens to compute.
+            partial_prefill_metadata: information about the partial prefills
+                that are currently running
+
+
+        Returns:
+            A tuple of two ints. The first int is the number of new uncached
+            tokens to schedule. The second int is the number of cached tokens.
+            If no more new tokens can be scheduled, returns (0, 0).
+        """
+        num_cached_new_tokens = 0
+        num_uncached_new_tokens = 0
+
+        seqs = seq_group.get_seqs(status=status)
+        # Compute the number of new uncached and cached tokens for
+        # each sequence.
+        for seq in seqs:
+            if not seq.is_prefill():
+                # Decode sequences should always just have 1 uncached token
+                # TODO(rickyx): Actually is this still correct for multi-step?
+                num_uncached_new_tokens += 1
+                continue
+
+            num_computed_tokens_seq = seq.get_num_computed_tokens()
+            all_num_new_tokens_seq = seq.get_len() - num_computed_tokens_seq
+            if not self.cache_config.enable_prefix_caching:
+                # If prefix caching is not enabled, all new tokens are uncached.
+                num_uncached_new_tokens += all_num_new_tokens_seq
+                continue
+
+            # NOTE: the cache token might be currently in a block that's in an
+            # evictor meaning that it's not yet allocated. However, we don't
+            # exclude such tokens in the cache count because it will be
+            # guaranteed to be allocated later if the sequence can be allocated.
+            num_cached_tokens_seq = self.block_manager.get_num_cached_tokens(
+                seq)
+
+            # Sanity check.
+            if num_cached_tokens_seq < num_computed_tokens_seq:
+                # This should only happen with chunked prefill, and
+                # the seq is still in prefill. The `num_cached_tokens_seq`
+                # is the value we calculated on scheduling the first prefill.
+                # For subsequent continuous prefill steps, we cached the
+                # number of cache tokens for the sequence so the cached token
+                # count could be less than the number of computed tokens.
+                # See comments on `ComputedBlocksTracker` for more details.
+                assert (
+                    seq.is_prefill() and seq.status == SequenceStatus.RUNNING
+                    and self.scheduler_config.chunked_prefill_enabled
+                ), ("Number of cached tokens should not be less than the "
+                    "number of computed tokens for a sequence that's still "
+                    f"in prefill. But there are {num_cached_tokens_seq} cached "
+                    f"tokens and {num_computed_tokens_seq} computed tokens "
+                    f"for sequence {seq.seq_id}.")
+
+            num_cached_new_tokens_seq = max(
+                0, num_cached_tokens_seq - num_computed_tokens_seq)
+            num_uncached_new_tokens_seq = (all_num_new_tokens_seq -
+                                           num_cached_new_tokens_seq)
+
+            num_uncached_new_tokens += num_uncached_new_tokens_seq
+            num_cached_new_tokens += num_cached_new_tokens_seq
+
+        if num_uncached_new_tokens == 0 and num_cached_new_tokens > 0:
+            # For a fully cached hit sequence, we actually need to recompute the
+            # last token. So we need at least 1 uncached token to schedule.
+            # See ModelRunner._compute_for_prefix_cache_hit for more details.
+            num_uncached_new_tokens = 1
+            num_cached_new_tokens -= 1
+
+        if enable_chunking and len(seqs) == 1:
+            # Chunk if a running request cannot fit in the given budget.
+            # If number of seq > 1, it means it is doing beam search
+            # in a decode phase. Do not chunk.
+            num_uncached_new_tokens = self._chunk_new_tokens_to_schedule(
+                self.scheduler_config,
+                self.cache_config,
+                budget,
+                self._get_prompt_limit(seq_group),
+                num_uncached_new_tokens,
+                self.partial_prefill_budget_lookup_list,
+                partial_prefill_metadata,
+            )
+
+        return num_uncached_new_tokens, num_cached_new_tokens
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _chunk_new_tokens_to_schedule(
+        scheduler_config: SchedulerConfig,
+        cache_config: CacheConfig,
+        budget: SchedulingBudget,
+        prompt_limit: int,
+        num_new_tokens: int,
+        partial_prefill_budget_lookup_list: List[int],
+        partial_prefill_metadata: Optional[PartialPrefillMetadata] = None,
+    ) -> int:
+        """
+        Chunks the number of new tokens to schedule based on the budget when
+        chunked prefill is enabled.
+
+        Args:
+            scheduler_config: The scheduler config.
+            cache_config: The cache config.
+            budget: The budget to chunk the number of tokens to compute.
+            prompt_limit: The maximum number of tokens allowed in a prompt.
+            num_new_tokens: The number of new tokens to schedule.
+
+        Returns:
+            The number of new tokens to schedule after chunking.
+        """
+        remaining_token_budget = budget.remaining_token_budget()
+        if scheduler_config.is_multi_step:
+            # The current multi-step + chunked prefill capability does
+            # not actually support chunking prompts.
+            #
+            # Therefore, `num_new_tokens` is computed in the same fashion
+            # for both multi-step+chunked-prefill &
+            # multi-step+chunked-prefill+APC
+            #
+            # Prompts with more tokens than the current remaining budget
+            # are postponed to future scheduler steps
+            if num_new_tokens > prompt_limit:
+                # If the seq_group is in prompt-stage, pass the
+                # num_new_tokens as-is so the caller can ignore
+                # the sequence.
+                return num_new_tokens
+
+            return 0 if num_new_tokens > \
+                remaining_token_budget else num_new_tokens
+
+        # Get the number of tokens to allocate to this prefill slot
+        prefill_slot_budget = (
+            remaining_token_budget if partial_prefill_metadata is None else
+            partial_prefill_budget_lookup_list[
+                partial_prefill_metadata.schedulable_prefills])
+
+        if cache_config.enable_prefix_caching:
+            # When prefix caching is enabled and we're partially prefilling
+            # a sequence, we always allocate a number of new tokens that is
+            # divisible by the block size to avoid partial block matching.
+            block_size = cache_config.block_size
+            # Don't exceed either the total budget or slot budget.
+            # Take min of those and get the next lowest multiple of the
+            # block size:
+            remaining_token_budget = (
+                min(remaining_token_budget, prefill_slot_budget) //
+                block_size) * block_size
+            # NB: In the case where num_new_tokens < budget, we are
+            # finishing prefill for this sequence, so we do not need to
+            # allocate a full block.
+
+        num_new_tokens = min(num_new_tokens, remaining_token_budget,
+                             prefill_slot_budget)
+
+        return num_new_tokens