x_ite 8.8.7 → 8.9.1

package/docs/_posts/components/Rendering/IndexedTriangleFanSet.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 title: IndexedTriangleFanSet
-date: 2022-01-07
+date: 2023-01-07
 nav: components-Rendering
 categories: [components, Rendering]
 tags: [IndexedTriangleFanSet, Rendering]
@@ -13,9 +13,9 @@ tags: [IndexedTriangleFanSet, Rendering]
 
 ## Overview
 
-IndexedTriangleFanSet is a geometry node that can contain a Color/ColorRGBA, Coordinate/CoordinateDouble, Normal and TextureCoordinate nodes.
+IndexedTriangleFanSet is a geometry node containing a Coordinate or CoordinateDouble node, and can also contain Color or ColorRGBA, Normal and TextureCoordinate nodes.
 
-The IndexedTriangleFanSet node belongs to the **Rendering** component and its default container field is *geometry.* It is available since X3D version 3.0 or later.
+The IndexedTriangleFanSet node belongs to the **Rendering** component and its default container field is *geometry.* It is available from X3D version 3.0 or higher.
 
 ## Hierarchy
 
@@ -30,23 +30,25 @@ The IndexedTriangleFanSet node belongs to the **Rendering** component and its de
 
 ### SFNode [in, out] **metadata** NULL <small>[X3DMetadataObject]</small>
 
-Metadata are not part of the X3D world and not interpreted by the X3D browser, but they can be accessed via the ECMAScript interface.
+Information about this node can be contained in a MetadataBoolean, MetadataDouble, MetadataFloat, MetadataInteger, MetadataString or MetadataSet node.
 
-### MFInt32 [in] **set_index** <small>[0,∞) or -1</small>
+#### Hint
 
-*index* list specifies triangles by connecting Coordinate vertices, each individual fan separated by -1 sentinel value.
+- [X3D Architecture 7.2.4 Metadata](https://www.web3d.org/specifications/X3Dv4Draft/ISO-IEC19775-1v4-CD1/Part01/components/core.html#Metadata){:target="_blank"}
 
-#### Hint
+### MFInt32 [in] **set_index** <small>[0,∞) or -1</small>
 
-- First indexed coordinate in each sequence is fan center.
+Input field *set_index*.
 
 ### SFBool [ ] **solid** TRUE
 
-Setting solid true means draw only one side of polygons (backface culling on), setting solid false means draw both sides of polygons (backface culling off).
+Setting *solid* true means draw only one side of polygons (backface culling on), setting *solid* false means draw both sides of polygons (backface culling off).
 
-#### Hint
+#### Hints
 
-- If in doubt, use solid='false' for maximum visibility.
+- Mnemonic "this geometry is *solid* like a brick" (you don't render the inside of a brick).
+- If in doubt, use *solid*='false' for maximum visibility.
+- (X3D version 4.0 draft) accessType relaxed to inputOutput in order to support animation and visualization.
 
 #### Warning
 
@@ -54,23 +56,37 @@ Setting solid true means draw only one side of polygons (backface culling on), s
 
 ### SFBool [ ] **ccw** TRUE
 
-*ccw* = counterclockwise: ordering of vertex coordinates orientation.
+*ccw* defines clockwise/counterclockwise ordering of vertex coordinates, which in turn defines front/back orientation of polygon normals according to Right-Hand Rule (RHR).
 
-#### Hint
+#### Hints
+
+- A good debugging technique for problematic polygons is to try changing the value of *ccw*, which can reverse solid effects (single-sided backface culling) and normal-vector direction.
+- [Clockwise](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clockwise){:target="_blank"}
+
+#### Warning
 
-- *ccw* false can reverse solid (backface culling) and normal-vector orientation.
+- Consistent and correct ordering of left-handed or right-handed point sequences is important throughout the coord array of point values.
 
 ### SFBool [ ] **colorPerVertex** TRUE
 
-Whether Color node color values are applied to each vertex (true) or to each polygon face (false).
+Whether Color or ColorRGBA values are applied to each point vertex (true) or to each polygon face (false).
 
-#### See Also
+#### Hint
 
 - [X3D Scene Authoring Hints, Color](https://www.web3d.org/x3d/content/examples/X3dSceneAuthoringHints.html#Color){:target="_blank"}
 
+#### Warnings
+
+- The provided value of IndexedTriangleFanSet *colorPerVertex* field is ignored and always treated as true.
+- If child Color or ColorRGBA node is not provided, then geometry is rendered using corresponding Appearance and material/texture values.
+
 ### SFBool [ ] **normalPerVertex** TRUE
 
-Whether Normal node vector values are applied to each vertex (true) or to each polygon face (false).
+Whether Normal node vector values are applied to each point vertex (true) or to each polygon face (false).
+
+#### Hint
+
+- If no child Normal node is provided, the X3D browser shall automatically generate normals, using creaseAngle to determine smoothed shading across shared vertices.
 
 ### MFInt32 [ ] **index** [ ] <small>[0,∞) or -1</small>
 
@@ -82,7 +98,7 @@ Whether Normal node vector values are applied to each vertex (true) or to each p
 
 ### MFNode [in, out] **attrib** [ ] <small>[X3DVertexAttributeNode]</small>
 
-Multiple contained FloatVertexAttribute nodes that can specify list of per-vertex attribute information for programmable shaders.
+Single contained FloatVertexAttribute node that can specify list of per-vertex attribute information for programmable shaders.
 
 #### Hint
 
@@ -94,7 +110,7 @@ Single contained FogCoordinate node that can specify depth parameters for fog in
 
 ### SFNode [in, out] **color** NULL <small>[X3DColorNode]</small>
 
-Single contained Color or ColorRGBA node that can specify color values applied to corresponding vertices according to colorIndex and colorPerVertex fields.
+Single contained Color or ColorRGBA node that can specify *color* values applied to corresponding vertices according to colorIndex and colorPerVertex fields.
 
 ### SFNode [in, out] **texCoord** NULL <small>[X3DTextureCoordinateNode]</small>
 
@@ -108,21 +124,26 @@ Single contained Normal node that can specify perpendicular vectors for correspo
 
 - Useful for special effects. Normal vector computation by 3D graphics hardware is quite fast so adding normals to a scene is typically unnecessary.
 
+#### Warning
+
+- *normal* vectors increase file size, typically doubling geometry definitions.
+
 ### SFNode [in, out] **coord** NULL <small>[X3DCoordinateNode]</small>
 
 Single contained Coordinate or CoordinateDouble node that can specify a list of vertex values.
 
-## Description
+## Advisories
 
 ### Hints
 
+- Color, normal and texCoord values are applied in the same order as coord values.
 - Insert a Shape node before adding geometry or Appearance.
-- You can also substitute a type-matched ProtoInstance node for contained content.
+- For advanced extensibility, authors can substitute a type-matched ProtoInstance node (with correct containerField value) for contained node content.
 
 ## Example
 
 <x3d-canvas src="https://create3000.github.io/media/examples/Rendering/IndexedTriangleFanSet/IndexedTriangleFanSet.x3d" update="auto"></x3d-canvas>
 
-## External Links
+## See Also
 
-- [X3D Specification of IndexedTriangleFanSet](https://www.web3d.org/documents/specifications/19775-1/V4.0/Part01/components/rendering.html#IndexedTriangleFanSet){:target="_blank"}
+- [X3D Specification of IndexedTriangleFanSet node](https://www.web3d.org/documents/specifications/19775-1/V4.0/Part01/components/rendering.html#IndexedTriangleFanSet){:target="_blank"}

package/docs/_posts/components/Rendering/IndexedTriangleSet.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 title: IndexedTriangleSet
-date: 2022-01-07
+date: 2023-01-07
 nav: components-Rendering
 categories: [components, Rendering]
 tags: [IndexedTriangleSet, Rendering]
@@ -13,9 +13,9 @@ tags: [IndexedTriangleSet, Rendering]
 
 ## Overview
 
-IndexedTriangleSet is a geometry node that can contain a Color/ColorRGBA, Coordinate/CoordinateDouble, Normal and TextureCoordinate nodes.
+IndexedTriangleSet is a geometry node containing a Coordinate or CoordinateDouble node, and can also contain Color or ColorRGBA, Normal and TextureCoordinate nodes.
 
-The IndexedTriangleSet node belongs to the **Rendering** component and its default container field is *geometry.* It is available since X3D version 3.0 or later.
+The IndexedTriangleSet node belongs to the **Rendering** component and its default container field is *geometry.* It is available from X3D version 3.0 or higher.
 
 ## Hierarchy
 
@@ -30,23 +30,25 @@ The IndexedTriangleSet node belongs to the **Rendering** component and its defau
 
 ### SFNode [in, out] **metadata** NULL <small>[X3DMetadataObject]</small>
 
-Metadata are not part of the X3D world and not interpreted by the X3D browser, but they can be accessed via the ECMAScript interface.
+Information about this node can be contained in a MetadataBoolean, MetadataDouble, MetadataFloat, MetadataInteger, MetadataString or MetadataSet node.
 
-### MFInt32 [in] **set_index** <small>[0,∞)</small>
+#### Hint
 
-*index* list specifies triangles by connecting Coordinate vertices.
+- [X3D Architecture 7.2.4 Metadata](https://www.web3d.org/specifications/X3Dv4Draft/ISO-IEC19775-1v4-CD1/Part01/components/core.html#Metadata){:target="_blank"}
 
-#### Warning
+### MFInt32 [in] **set_index** <small>[0,∞)</small>
 
-- -1 sentinel values are not allowed.
+Input field *set_index*.
 
 ### SFBool [ ] **solid** TRUE
 
-Setting solid true means draw only one side of polygons (backface culling on), setting solid false means draw both sides of polygons (backface culling off).
+Setting *solid* true means draw only one side of polygons (backface culling on), setting *solid* false means draw both sides of polygons (backface culling off).
 
-#### Hint
+#### Hints
 
-- If in doubt, use solid='false' for maximum visibility.
+- Mnemonic "this geometry is *solid* like a brick" (you don't render the inside of a brick).
+- If in doubt, use *solid*='false' for maximum visibility.
+- (X3D version 4.0 draft) accessType relaxed to inputOutput in order to support animation and visualization.
 
 #### Warning
 
@@ -54,23 +56,37 @@ Setting solid true means draw only one side of polygons (backface culling on), s
 
 ### SFBool [ ] **ccw** TRUE
 
-*ccw* = counterclockwise: ordering of vertex coordinates orientation.
+*ccw* defines clockwise/counterclockwise ordering of vertex coordinates, which in turn defines front/back orientation of polygon normals according to Right-Hand Rule (RHR).
 
-#### Hint
+#### Hints
+
+- A good debugging technique for problematic polygons is to try changing the value of *ccw*, which can reverse solid effects (single-sided backface culling) and normal-vector direction.
+- [Clockwise](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clockwise){:target="_blank"}
+
+#### Warning
 
-- *ccw* false can reverse solid (backface culling) and normal-vector orientation.
+- Consistent and correct ordering of left-handed or right-handed point sequences is important throughout the coord array of point values.
 
 ### SFBool [ ] **colorPerVertex** TRUE
 
-Whether Color node color values are applied to each vertex (true) or to each polygon face (false).
+Whether Color or ColorRGBA values are applied to each point vertex (true) or to each polygon face (false).
 
-#### See Also
+#### Hint
 
 - [X3D Scene Authoring Hints, Color](https://www.web3d.org/x3d/content/examples/X3dSceneAuthoringHints.html#Color){:target="_blank"}
 
+#### Warnings
+
+- The provided value of IndexedTriangleSet *colorPerVertex* field is ignored and always treated as true.
+- If child Color or ColorRGBA node is not provided, then geometry is rendered using corresponding Appearance and material/texture values.
+
 ### SFBool [ ] **normalPerVertex** TRUE
 
-Whether Normal node vector values are applied to each vertex (true) or to each polygon face (false).
+Whether Normal node vector values are applied to each point vertex (true) or to each polygon face (false).
+
+#### Hint
+
+- If no child Normal node is provided, the X3D browser shall automatically generate normals, using creaseAngle to determine smoothed shading across shared vertices.
 
 ### MFInt32 [ ] **index** [ ] <small>[0,∞)</small>
 
@@ -82,7 +98,7 @@ Whether Normal node vector values are applied to each vertex (true) or to each p
 
 ### MFNode [in, out] **attrib** [ ] <small>[X3DVertexAttributeNode]</small>
 
-Multiple contained FloatVertexAttribute nodes that can specify list of per-vertex attribute information for programmable shaders.
+Single contained FloatVertexAttribute node that can specify list of per-vertex attribute information for programmable shaders.
 
 #### Hint
 
@@ -94,7 +110,7 @@ Single contained FogCoordinate node that can specify depth parameters for fog in
 
 ### SFNode [in, out] **color** NULL <small>[X3DColorNode]</small>
 
-Single contained Color or ColorRGBA node that can specify color values applied to corresponding vertices according to colorIndex and colorPerVertex fields.
+Single contained Color or ColorRGBA node that can specify *color* values applied to corresponding vertices according to colorIndex and colorPerVertex fields.
 
 ### SFNode [in, out] **texCoord** NULL <small>[X3DTextureCoordinateNode]</small>
 
@@ -108,21 +124,26 @@ Single contained Normal node that can specify perpendicular vectors for correspo
 
 - Useful for special effects. Normal vector computation by 3D graphics hardware is quite fast so adding normals to a scene is typically unnecessary.
 
+#### Warning
+
+- *normal* vectors increase file size, typically doubling geometry definitions.
+
 ### SFNode [in, out] **coord** NULL <small>[X3DCoordinateNode]</small>
 
 Single contained Coordinate or CoordinateDouble node that can specify a list of vertex values.
 
-## Description
+## Advisories
 
 ### Hints
 
+- Color, normal and texCoord values are applied in the same order as coord values.
 - Insert a Shape node before adding geometry or Appearance.
-- You can also substitute a type-matched ProtoInstance node for contained content.
+- For advanced extensibility, authors can substitute a type-matched ProtoInstance node (with correct containerField value) for contained node content.
 
 ## Example
 
-<x3d-canvas src="https://create3000.github.io/media/examples/Rendering/IndexedTriangleSet/IndexedTriangleSet.x3d" update="auto"></x3d-canvas>[/c3-source-example]
+<x3d-canvas src="https://create3000.github.io/media/examples/Rendering/IndexedTriangleSet/IndexedTriangleSet.x3d" update="auto"></x3d-canvas>
 
-## External Links
+## See Also
 
-- [X3D Specification of IndexedTriangleSet](https://www.web3d.org/documents/specifications/19775-1/V4.0/Part01/components/rendering.html#IndexedTriangleSet){:target="_blank"}
+- [X3D Specification of IndexedTriangleSet node](https://www.web3d.org/documents/specifications/19775-1/V4.0/Part01/components/rendering.html#IndexedTriangleSet){:target="_blank"}

package/docs/_posts/components/Rendering/IndexedTriangleStripSet.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 title: IndexedTriangleStripSet
-date: 2022-01-07
+date: 2023-01-07
 nav: components-Rendering
 categories: [components, Rendering]
 tags: [IndexedTriangleStripSet, Rendering]
@@ -13,9 +13,9 @@ tags: [IndexedTriangleStripSet, Rendering]
 
 ## Overview
 
-IndexedTriangleStripSet is a geometry node that can contain a Color/ColorRGBA, Coordinate/CoordinateDouble, Normal and TextureCoordinate nodes.
+IndexedTriangleStripSet is a geometry node containing a Coordinate or CoordinateDouble node, and can also contain Color or ColorRGBA, Normal and TextureCoordinate nodes.
 
-The IndexedTriangleStripSet node belongs to the **Rendering** component and its default container field is *geometry.* It is available since X3D version 3.0 or later.
+The IndexedTriangleStripSet node belongs to the **Rendering** component and its default container field is *geometry.* It is available from X3D version 3.0 or higher.
 
 ## Hierarchy
 
@@ -30,19 +30,25 @@ The IndexedTriangleStripSet node belongs to the **Rendering** component and its
 
 ### SFNode [in, out] **metadata** NULL <small>[X3DMetadataObject]</small>
 
-Metadata are not part of the X3D world and not interpreted by the X3D browser, but they can be accessed via the ECMAScript interface.
+Information about this node can be contained in a MetadataBoolean, MetadataDouble, MetadataFloat, MetadataInteger, MetadataString or MetadataSet node.
+
+#### Hint
+
+- [X3D Architecture 7.2.4 Metadata](https://www.web3d.org/specifications/X3Dv4Draft/ISO-IEC19775-1v4-CD1/Part01/components/core.html#Metadata){:target="_blank"}
 
 ### MFInt32 [in] **set_index** <small>[0,∞) or −1</small>
 
-*index* list specifies triangles by connecting Coordinate vertices for each individual strip, separated by -1 sentinel values.
+Input field *set_index*.
 
 ### SFBool [ ] **solid** TRUE
 
-Setting solid true means draw only one side of polygons (backface culling on), setting solid false means draw both sides of polygons (backface culling off).
+Setting *solid* true means draw only one side of polygons (backface culling on), setting *solid* false means draw both sides of polygons (backface culling off).
 
-#### Hint
+#### Hints
 
-- If in doubt, use solid='false' for maximum visibility.
+- Mnemonic "this geometry is *solid* like a brick" (you don't render the inside of a brick).
+- If in doubt, use *solid*='false' for maximum visibility.
+- (X3D version 4.0 draft) accessType relaxed to inputOutput in order to support animation and visualization.
 
 #### Warning
 
@@ -50,23 +56,37 @@ Setting solid true means draw only one side of polygons (backface culling on), s
 
 ### SFBool [ ] **ccw** TRUE
 
-*ccw* = counterclockwise: ordering of vertex coordinates orientation.
+*ccw* defines clockwise/counterclockwise ordering of vertex coordinates, which in turn defines front/back orientation of polygon normals according to Right-Hand Rule (RHR).
 
-#### Hint
+#### Hints
+
+- A good debugging technique for problematic polygons is to try changing the value of *ccw*, which can reverse solid effects (single-sided backface culling) and normal-vector direction.
+- [Clockwise](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clockwise){:target="_blank"}
+
+#### Warning
 
-- *ccw* false can reverse solid (backface culling) and normal-vector orientation.
+- Consistent and correct ordering of left-handed or right-handed point sequences is important throughout the coord array of point values.
 
 ### SFBool [ ] **colorPerVertex** TRUE
 
-Whether Color node color values are applied to each vertex (true) or to each polygon face (false).
+Whether Color or ColorRGBA values are applied to each point vertex (true) or to each polygon face (false).
 
-#### See Also
+#### Hint
 
 - [X3D Scene Authoring Hints, Color](https://www.web3d.org/x3d/content/examples/X3dSceneAuthoringHints.html#Color){:target="_blank"}
 
+#### Warnings
+
+- The provided value of IndexedTriangleStripSet *colorPerVertex* field is ignored and always treated as true.
+- If child Color or ColorRGBA node is not provided, then geometry is rendered using corresponding Appearance and material/texture values.
+
 ### SFBool [ ] **normalPerVertex** TRUE
 
-Whether Normal node vector values are applied to each vertex (true) or to each polygon face (false).
+Whether Normal node vector values are applied to each point vertex (true) or to each polygon face (false).
+
+#### Hint
+
+- If no child Normal node is provided, the X3D browser shall automatically generate normals, using creaseAngle to determine smoothed shading across shared vertices.
 
 ### MFInt32 [ ] **index** [ ] <small>[0,∞) or −1</small>
 
@@ -74,7 +94,7 @@ Whether Normal node vector values are applied to each vertex (true) or to each p
 
 ### MFNode [in, out] **attrib** [ ] <small>[X3DVertexAttributeNode]</small>
 
-Multiple contained FloatVertexAttribute nodes that can specify list of per-vertex attribute information for programmable shaders.
+Single contained FloatVertexAttribute node that can specify list of per-vertex attribute information for programmable shaders.
 
 #### Hint
 
@@ -86,7 +106,7 @@ Single contained FogCoordinate node that can specify depth parameters for fog in
 
 ### SFNode [in, out] **color** NULL <small>[X3DColorNode]</small>
 
-Single contained Color or ColorRGBA node that can specify color values applied to corresponding vertices according to colorIndex and colorPerVertex fields.
+Single contained Color or ColorRGBA node that can specify *color* values applied to corresponding vertices according to colorIndex and colorPerVertex fields.
 
 ### SFNode [in, out] **texCoord** NULL <small>[X3DTextureCoordinateNode]</small>
 
@@ -100,17 +120,22 @@ Single contained Normal node that can specify perpendicular vectors for correspo
 
 - Useful for special effects. Normal vector computation by 3D graphics hardware is quite fast so adding normals to a scene is typically unnecessary.
 
+#### Warning
+
+- *normal* vectors increase file size, typically doubling geometry definitions.
+
 ### SFNode [in, out] **coord** NULL <small>[X3DCoordinateNode]</small>
 
 Single contained Coordinate or CoordinateDouble node that can specify a list of vertex values.
 
-## Description
+## Advisories
 
 ### Hints
 
+- Color, normal and texCoord values are applied in the same order as coord values.
 - Insert a Shape node before adding geometry or Appearance.
-- You can also substitute a type-matched ProtoInstance node for contained content.
+- For advanced extensibility, authors can substitute a type-matched ProtoInstance node (with correct containerField value) for contained node content.
 
-## External Links
+## See Also
 
-- [X3D Specification of IndexedTriangleStripSet](https://www.web3d.org/documents/specifications/19775-1/V4.0/Part01/components/rendering.html#IndexedTriangleStripSet){:target="_blank"}
+- [X3D Specification of IndexedTriangleStripSet node](https://www.web3d.org/documents/specifications/19775-1/V4.0/Part01/components/rendering.html#IndexedTriangleStripSet){:target="_blank"}

package/docs/_posts/components/Rendering/LineSet.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 title: LineSet
-date: 2022-01-07
+date: 2023-01-07
 nav: components-Rendering
 categories: [components, Rendering]
 tags: [LineSet, Rendering]
@@ -13,9 +13,9 @@ tags: [LineSet, Rendering]
 
 ## Overview
 
-LineSet is a geometry node that can contain a Coordinate/CoordinateDouble node and an (optional) Color/ColorRGBA node. Color values or a sibling Material emissiveColor is used to draw lines and points. Lines are not lit, are not texture-mapped, and do not participate in collision detection.
+LineSet is a geometry node that can contain a Coordinate or CoordinateDouble node and optionally a Color or ColorRGBA node.
 
-The LineSet node belongs to the **Rendering** component and its default container field is *geometry.* It is available since X3D version 3.0 or later.
+The LineSet node belongs to the **Rendering** component and its default container field is *geometry.* It is available from X3D version 3.0 or higher.
 
 ## Hierarchy
 
@@ -29,15 +29,19 @@ The LineSet node belongs to the **Rendering** component and its default containe
 
 ### SFNode [in, out] **metadata** NULL <small>[X3DMetadataObject]</small>
 
-Metadata are not part of the X3D world and not interpreted by the X3D browser, but they can be accessed via the ECMAScript interface.
+Information about this node can be contained in a MetadataBoolean, MetadataDouble, MetadataFloat, MetadataInteger, MetadataString or MetadataSet node.
+
+#### Hint
+
+- [X3D Architecture 7.2.4 Metadata](https://www.web3d.org/specifications/X3Dv4Draft/ISO-IEC19775-1v4-CD1/Part01/components/core.html#Metadata){:target="_blank"}
 
 ### MFInt32 [in, out] **vertexCount** [ ] <small>[2,∞)</small>
 
-*vertexCount* describes how many vertices are used in each individual polyline segment from the Coordinate point values. Coordinate point values are assigned as a block of points to each line by taking vertexCount[n] vertices at a time.
+Vertices at a time.
 
 ### MFNode [in, out] **attrib** [ ] <small>[X3DVertexAttributeNode]</small>
 
-Multiple contained FloatVertexAttribute nodes that can specify list of per-vertex attribute information for programmable shaders.
+Single contained FloatVertexAttribute node that can specify list of per-vertex attribute information for programmable shaders.
 
 #### Hint
 
@@ -49,7 +53,7 @@ Single contained FogCoordinate node that can specify depth parameters for fog in
 
 ### SFNode [in, out] **color** NULL <small>[X3DColorNode]</small>
 
-Single contained Color or ColorRGBA node that can specify color values applied to corresponding vertices according to colorIndex and colorPerVertex fields.
+Single contained Color or ColorRGBA node that can specify *color* values applied to corresponding vertices according to colorIndex and colorPerVertex fields.
 
 ### SFNode [in, out] **normal** NULL <small>[X3DNormalNode]</small>
 
@@ -61,25 +65,33 @@ Single contained Normal node that can specify perpendicular vectors for correspo
 
 #### Warning
 
-- Normal vectors increase file size, typically doubling geometry definitions.
+- *normal* vectors increase file size, typically doubling geometry definitions.
 
 ### SFNode [in, out] **coord** NULL <small>[X3DCoordinateNode]</small>
 
 Single contained Coordinate or CoordinateDouble node that can specify a list of vertex values.
 
-## Description
+## Advisories
 
 ### Hints
 
-- Use a different color (or emissiveColor) than the background color. Linear interpolation of colors can be used as a good scientific visualization technique to map arbitrary function values to a color map.
+- [Polygonal chain](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polygonal_chain){:target="_blank"}
+- Either values in a contained Color node, or else Material emissiveColor in corresponding Appearance node, are used for rendering lines and points.
+- Adding LineProperties to the corresponding Appearance node can modify the rendering style of these lines.
+- Step-wise variation or linear interpolation of color values can be used as a good scientific visualization technique to map arbitrary function values to a color map.
 - Insert a Shape node before adding geometry or Appearance.
-- You can also substitute a type-matched ProtoInstance node for contained content.
-- Consider including Fog to provide further depth cueing for LineSet (LS).
+- For advanced extensibility, authors can substitute a type-matched ProtoInstance node (with correct containerField value) for contained node content.
+- Consider including Fog (with Fog color matching Background color) to provide further depth cueing for LineSet (LS).
+
+### Warnings
+
+- Lines are not lit, are not texture-mapped, and do not participate in collision detection.
+- Use a different color (or Material emissiveColor) than the Background color, otherwise geometry is invisible.
 
 ## Example
 
 <x3d-canvas src="https://create3000.github.io/media/examples/Rendering/LineSet/LineSet.x3d" update="auto"></x3d-canvas>
 
-## External Links
+## See Also
 
-- [X3D Specification of LineSet](https://www.web3d.org/documents/specifications/19775-1/V4.0/Part01/components/rendering.html#LineSet){:target="_blank"}
+- [X3D Specification of LineSet node](https://www.web3d.org/documents/specifications/19775-1/V4.0/Part01/components/rendering.html#LineSet){:target="_blank"}

package/docs/_posts/components/Rendering/Normal.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 title: Normal
-date: 2022-01-07
+date: 2023-01-07
 nav: components-Rendering
 categories: [components, Rendering]
 tags: [Normal, Rendering]
@@ -13,9 +13,9 @@ tags: [Normal, Rendering]
 
 ## Overview
 
-Normal defines a set of 3D surface-normal vectors that apply either to a sibling Coordinate/CoordinateDouble node, or else to a parent ElevationGrid node. Normal values are perpendicular directions that are used per-polygon or per-vertex when computing lighting and shading.
+Normal defines a set of 3D surface-normal vectors that apply either to a sibling Coordinate or CoordinateDouble node, or else to a parent ElevationGrid node. Normal values are perpendicular directions that are used per-polygon or per-vertex when computing lighting and shading.
 
-The Normal node belongs to the **Rendering** component and its default container field is *normal.* It is available since X3D version 2.0 or later.
+The Normal node belongs to the **Rendering** component and its default container field is *normal.* It is available from X3D version 2.0 or higher.
 
 ## Hierarchy
 
@@ -30,12 +30,34 @@ The Normal node belongs to the **Rendering** component and its default container
 
 ### SFNode [in, out] **metadata** NULL <small>[X3DMetadataObject]</small>
 
-Metadata are not part of the X3D world and not interpreted by the X3D browser, but they can be accessed via the ECMAScript interface.
+Information about this node can be contained in a MetadataBoolean, MetadataDouble, MetadataFloat, MetadataInteger, MetadataString or MetadataSet node.
+
+#### Hint
+
+- [X3D Architecture 7.2.4 Metadata](https://www.web3d.org/specifications/X3Dv4Draft/ISO-IEC19775-1v4-CD1/Part01/components/core.html#Metadata){:target="_blank"}
 
 ### MFVec3f [in, out] **vector** [ ] <small>[-1,1]</small>
 
 Set of unit-length normal vectors, corresponding to indexed polygons or vertices.
 
-## External Links
+#### Warning
+
+- Unit length means a magnitude of 1.0, so normal values of (0,0,0) are invalid.
+
+## Advisories
+
+### Hints
+
+- Normal values are typically only calculated or applied once, during initial loading of model geometry.
+- Custom Normal values can produce special effects.
+- If no child Normal node is provided, the X3D browser shall automatically generate normals, using creaseAngle to determine smoothed shading across shared vertices.
+- Computation of normal values is performed quite quickly on modern 3D graphics hardware, often with no perceptible delay.
+- [Normal vectors perpendicular to 3D surface](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normal_(geometry)){:target="_blank"}
+
+### Warning
+
+- Adding normal values to a model might significantly increase file size. Testing can help determine proper tradeoffs between file size, network transmission delays and initial rendering speed.
+
+## See Also
 
-- [X3D Specification of Normal](https://www.web3d.org/documents/specifications/19775-1/V4.0/Part01/components/rendering.html#Normal){:target="_blank"}
+- [X3D Specification of Normal node](https://www.web3d.org/documents/specifications/19775-1/V4.0/Part01/components/rendering.html#Normal){:target="_blank"}