@oriro/orirocli 0.1.11 → 0.3.1

package/skills/environment/env-circular-economy/LICENSE

@@ -1,21 +1,21 @@
-MIT License
-
-Copyright (c) 2026 ORIRO.ai
-
-Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
-of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
-in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
-to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
-copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
-copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
-OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
-SOFTWARE.
+MIT License
+
+Copyright (c) 2026 ORIRO.ai
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.

package/skills/environment/env-circular-economy/SKILL.md

@@ -1,71 +1,71 @@
----
-watermark: ORIRO
-disable-model-invocation: true
-name: env-circular-economy
-provider: ORIRO.ai
-copyright: Copyright (c) 2026 ORIRO.ai
-description: >
-  Circular economy — closing material loops, waste as resource, industrial ecology,
-  circular business models, and moving beyond the linear economy. Activate for
-  questions about circular economy, waste reduction, materials recovery, upcycling,
-  or circular business model design. Sources: Ellen MacArthur Foundation, WRAP.
----
-
-# Circular Economy
-
-## Circular vs. linear economy
-
-**Linear:** Take (extract resources) → Make (manufacture) → Dispose (landfill/incinerate).
-**Circular:** Eliminate waste and pollution; keep products and materials in use; regenerate natural systems.
-The goal is not just recycling — that's the last resort in the hierarchy.
-
-## The butterfly diagram (Ellen MacArthur Foundation)
-
-Two circles: biological and technical materials.
-**Technical cycle:** Products and materials flow at their highest value.
-Maintain/repair → Reuse/redistribute → Refurbish/remanufacture → Recycle.
-Higher loops = more value preserved.
-
-**Biological cycle:** Consumable materials designed to re-enter the biosphere safely.
-Composting, anaerobic digestion → soil amendment.
-Biodegradable packaging example: decomposes without toxic residue.
-
-## Circular strategies (R hierarchy, highest to lowest value)
-
-**Refuse:** Redesign to eliminate the need for a material entirely.
-**Reduce:** Use less material.
-**Reuse:** Same product, same function, different user.
-**Repair:** Restore to working condition.
-**Remanufacture:** Restore to original specifications with warranty.
-**Repurpose:** Use for different function (glass bottle → vase).
-**Recycle:** Recover material (loses quality — "downcycling" is more accurate for most plastics).
-**Recover:** Energy recovery (incineration — last resort before landfill).
-
-## Circular business models
-
-**Product as a service:** Sell access/performance, not the product. Manufacturer retains ownership → designs for durability, repair, remanufacture. Rolls-Royce "Power by the Hour" (jet engines).
-**Reverse logistics:** Take back products at end of life. Patagonia Worn Wear, HP cartridge return.
-**Industrial symbiosis:** One company's waste is another's input. Kalundborg, Denmark industrial ecology park.
-**Sharing/rental platforms:** AirBnB, tool libraries, Rent the Runway (fashion).
-**Remanufacturing:** Restore used products to original specs. Caterpillar remanufactured parts.
-
-## Design for circularity
-
-**Design principles:**
-
-- Design for disassembly: Can be taken apart efficiently at end of life
-- Mono-material: Avoid mixed materials that are hard to separate for recycling
-- Non-toxic chemicals: Safe to cycle
-- Durable: Lasts longer
-- Modular: Components can be upgraded/replaced individually
-- Standardized: Interchangeable parts
-
-## Circular economy metrics
-
-Material circularity indicator (MCI): Ellen MacArthur Foundation tool for products and companies.
-Recycled content %: How much recycled material goes in.
-Recyclability %: How much can be recovered at end of life.
-Waste to landfill reduction.
-Product lifetime extension.
-
-Sources: Ellen MacArthur Foundation (ellenmacarthurfoundation.org — free, comprehensive), WRAP (wrap.org.uk — free reports), European Commission Circular Economy Action Plan (free)
+---
+watermark: ORIRO
+disable-model-invocation: true
+name: env-circular-economy
+provider: ORIRO.ai
+copyright: Copyright (c) 2026 ORIRO.ai
+description: >
+  Circular economy — closing material loops, waste as resource, industrial ecology,
+  circular business models, and moving beyond the linear economy. Activate for
+  questions about circular economy, waste reduction, materials recovery, upcycling,
+  or circular business model design. Sources: Ellen MacArthur Foundation, WRAP.
+---
+
+# Circular Economy
+
+## Circular vs. linear economy
+
+**Linear:** Take (extract resources) → Make (manufacture) → Dispose (landfill/incinerate).
+**Circular:** Eliminate waste and pollution; keep products and materials in use; regenerate natural systems.
+The goal is not just recycling — that's the last resort in the hierarchy.
+
+## The butterfly diagram (Ellen MacArthur Foundation)
+
+Two circles: biological and technical materials.
+**Technical cycle:** Products and materials flow at their highest value.
+Maintain/repair → Reuse/redistribute → Refurbish/remanufacture → Recycle.
+Higher loops = more value preserved.
+
+**Biological cycle:** Consumable materials designed to re-enter the biosphere safely.
+Composting, anaerobic digestion → soil amendment.
+Biodegradable packaging example: decomposes without toxic residue.
+
+## Circular strategies (R hierarchy, highest to lowest value)
+
+**Refuse:** Redesign to eliminate the need for a material entirely.
+**Reduce:** Use less material.
+**Reuse:** Same product, same function, different user.
+**Repair:** Restore to working condition.
+**Remanufacture:** Restore to original specifications with warranty.
+**Repurpose:** Use for different function (glass bottle → vase).
+**Recycle:** Recover material (loses quality — "downcycling" is more accurate for most plastics).
+**Recover:** Energy recovery (incineration — last resort before landfill).
+
+## Circular business models
+
+**Product as a service:** Sell access/performance, not the product. Manufacturer retains ownership → designs for durability, repair, remanufacture. Rolls-Royce "Power by the Hour" (jet engines).
+**Reverse logistics:** Take back products at end of life. Patagonia Worn Wear, HP cartridge return.
+**Industrial symbiosis:** One company's waste is another's input. Kalundborg, Denmark industrial ecology park.
+**Sharing/rental platforms:** AirBnB, tool libraries, Rent the Runway (fashion).
+**Remanufacturing:** Restore used products to original specs. Caterpillar remanufactured parts.
+
+## Design for circularity
+
+**Design principles:**
+
+- Design for disassembly: Can be taken apart efficiently at end of life
+- Mono-material: Avoid mixed materials that are hard to separate for recycling
+- Non-toxic chemicals: Safe to cycle
+- Durable: Lasts longer
+- Modular: Components can be upgraded/replaced individually
+- Standardized: Interchangeable parts
+
+## Circular economy metrics
+
+Material circularity indicator (MCI): Ellen MacArthur Foundation tool for products and companies.
+Recycled content %: How much recycled material goes in.
+Recyclability %: How much can be recovered at end of life.
+Waste to landfill reduction.
+Product lifetime extension.
+
+Sources: Ellen MacArthur Foundation (ellenmacarthurfoundation.org — free, comprehensive), WRAP (wrap.org.uk — free reports), European Commission Circular Economy Action Plan (free)

package/skills/environment/env-climate-action/LICENSE

@@ -1,21 +1,21 @@
-MIT License
-
-Copyright (c) 2026 ORIRO.ai
-
-Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
-of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
-in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
-to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
-copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
-copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
-OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
-SOFTWARE.
+MIT License
+
+Copyright (c) 2026 ORIRO.ai
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.

package/skills/environment/env-climate-action/SKILL.md

@@ -1,55 +1,55 @@
----
-watermark: ORIRO
-disable-model-invocation: true
-name: env-climate-action
-provider: ORIRO.ai
-copyright: Copyright (c) 2026 ORIRO.ai
-description: >
-  Climate action — emissions reduction, carbon footprints, net zero planning, and individual and organizational climate action.
-
-
-
-
-  Sources: IPCC, NRDC, EPA, IRENA, World Resources Institute. All free public sources.
----
-
-# Climate Action
-
-## Understanding carbon footprints
-
-**Scope 1:** Direct emissions from owned/controlled sources. Gas in company vehicles, on-site combustion.
-**Scope 2:** Indirect from purchased electricity/heat/cooling.
-**Scope 3:** All other indirect emissions in value chain. Usually 70-90% of total corporate footprint. Includes: purchased goods, business travel, employee commuting, product use/end-of-life.
-
-**Individual carbon footprint (US average ~16 tonnes CO2e/year):**
-Largest contributions: Transportation (especially flying), diet (beef/dairy), home energy, purchases.
-Global average: ~7 tonnes CO2e/year.
-1.5°C compatible target: ~2-3 tonnes CO2e/year by 2030.
-
-## Highest-impact individual actions (research-based)
-
-**Have one fewer child:** ~58 tonnes CO2e/year avoided. Controversial to include; large impact.
-**Live car-free:** ~2.4 tonnes/year.
-**Avoid transatlantic flight:** ~1.6 tonnes/trip.
-**Buy an EV/go car-free:** Major reduction.
-**Switch to plant-based diet:** ~0.5-1.5 tonnes/year.
-**Switch to renewable energy at home:** ~1.5 tonnes/year.
-**Heat pump instead of gas furnace:** ~2 tonnes/year.
-Low-impact recycling and reusables much less than commonly thought — but still valuable.
-
-## Net zero
-
-**Net zero:** Reducing emissions as much as possible, then offsetting the rest.
-**Science-based targets:** Reduction targets aligned with limiting warming to 1.5°C. Require deep cuts (40-50%+ by 2030), not just offsets.
-**Carbon offsetting controversies:** Many offset projects (especially forestry) don't deliver claimed reductions. Additionality (would it have happened anyway?), permanence, leakage are key concerns. VCMI and Gold Standard voluntary offsets more rigorous.
-**True net zero:** Must address Scope 3. Most corporate "net zero" claims don't cover full value chain.
-
-## Organizational climate action
-
-**GHG inventory:** Measure Scope 1, 2, and at least some Scope 3. Use GHG Protocol standards.
-**Science-based targets:** Set through SBTi (Science Based Targets initiative). Credible commitment.
-**Reduce, then offset:** Offsets cannot substitute for genuine emissions reduction in aligned strategies.
-**Internal carbon pricing:** Put a price on internal emissions to drive decision-making.
-**Climate risk assessment:** Physical risks (floods, heat), transition risks (regulations, market shifts). TCFD framework.
-
-Sources: IPCC AR6 (ipcc.ch — free), Project Drawdown (drawdown.org — free solutions), GHG Protocol (ghgprotocol.org — free standards), SBTi (sciencebasedtargets.org — free), TCFD (tcfdhub.org — free)
+---
+watermark: ORIRO
+disable-model-invocation: true
+name: env-climate-action
+provider: ORIRO.ai
+copyright: Copyright (c) 2026 ORIRO.ai
+description: >
+  Climate action — emissions reduction, carbon footprints, net zero planning, and individual and organizational climate action.
+
+
+
+
+  Sources: IPCC, NRDC, EPA, IRENA, World Resources Institute. All free public sources.
+---
+
+# Climate Action
+
+## Understanding carbon footprints
+
+**Scope 1:** Direct emissions from owned/controlled sources. Gas in company vehicles, on-site combustion.
+**Scope 2:** Indirect from purchased electricity/heat/cooling.
+**Scope 3:** All other indirect emissions in value chain. Usually 70-90% of total corporate footprint. Includes: purchased goods, business travel, employee commuting, product use/end-of-life.
+
+**Individual carbon footprint (US average ~16 tonnes CO2e/year):**
+Largest contributions: Transportation (especially flying), diet (beef/dairy), home energy, purchases.
+Global average: ~7 tonnes CO2e/year.
+1.5°C compatible target: ~2-3 tonnes CO2e/year by 2030.
+
+## Highest-impact individual actions (research-based)
+
+**Have one fewer child:** ~58 tonnes CO2e/year avoided. Controversial to include; large impact.
+**Live car-free:** ~2.4 tonnes/year.
+**Avoid transatlantic flight:** ~1.6 tonnes/trip.
+**Buy an EV/go car-free:** Major reduction.
+**Switch to plant-based diet:** ~0.5-1.5 tonnes/year.
+**Switch to renewable energy at home:** ~1.5 tonnes/year.
+**Heat pump instead of gas furnace:** ~2 tonnes/year.
+Low-impact recycling and reusables much less than commonly thought — but still valuable.
+
+## Net zero
+
+**Net zero:** Reducing emissions as much as possible, then offsetting the rest.
+**Science-based targets:** Reduction targets aligned with limiting warming to 1.5°C. Require deep cuts (40-50%+ by 2030), not just offsets.
+**Carbon offsetting controversies:** Many offset projects (especially forestry) don't deliver claimed reductions. Additionality (would it have happened anyway?), permanence, leakage are key concerns. VCMI and Gold Standard voluntary offsets more rigorous.
+**True net zero:** Must address Scope 3. Most corporate "net zero" claims don't cover full value chain.
+
+## Organizational climate action
+
+**GHG inventory:** Measure Scope 1, 2, and at least some Scope 3. Use GHG Protocol standards.
+**Science-based targets:** Set through SBTi (Science Based Targets initiative). Credible commitment.
+**Reduce, then offset:** Offsets cannot substitute for genuine emissions reduction in aligned strategies.
+**Internal carbon pricing:** Put a price on internal emissions to drive decision-making.
+**Climate risk assessment:** Physical risks (floods, heat), transition risks (regulations, market shifts). TCFD framework.
+
+Sources: IPCC AR6 (ipcc.ch — free), Project Drawdown (drawdown.org — free solutions), GHG Protocol (ghgprotocol.org — free standards), SBTi (sciencebasedtargets.org — free), TCFD (tcfdhub.org — free)

package/skills/environment/env-energy/LICENSE

@@ -1,21 +1,21 @@
-MIT License
-
-Copyright (c) 2026 ORIRO.ai
-
-Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
-of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
-in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
-to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
-copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
-copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
-OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
-SOFTWARE.
+MIT License
+
+Copyright (c) 2026 ORIRO.ai
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.

package/skills/environment/env-energy/SKILL.md

@@ -1,83 +1,83 @@
----
-watermark: ORIRO
-disable-model-invocation: true
-name: env-energy
-provider: ORIRO.ai
-copyright: Copyright (c) 2026 ORIRO.ai
-description: >
-
-
-
-
-  Energy systems — renewable energy, grid basics, energy storage, efficiency, and the energy transition.
-  Sources: IPCC, NRDC, EPA, IRENA, World Resources Institute. All free public sources.
----
-
-# Energy Systems
-
-## The global energy system
-
-**Primary energy sources:** Oil (~33%), coal (~27%), natural gas (~24%), biomass (~10%), nuclear (~5%), hydropower (~3%), wind/solar/other (~8%). Fossil fuels still ~84% of primary energy.
-**Energy use sectors:** Industry (~38%), Buildings (~31%), Transport (~20%), Other (~11%).
-**Electricity is only ~20% of final energy use** — most heating, transport, industry uses fossil fuels directly. Full decarbonization requires electrifying these.
-
-## Renewable energy
-
-### Solar photovoltaic (PV)
-
-**How it works:** Photons knock electrons loose in semiconductor (silicon) → electric current.
-**Learning curve:** Solar PV costs fell 89% in a decade (2010-2020). Now cheapest electricity source ever built in history (IEA, 2020).
-**Types:** Monocrystalline (most efficient, ~22%+), Polycrystalline, Thin-film.
-**Capacity factor:** ~10-25% (not generating at full capacity all the time — nighttime, clouds).
-**Intermittency:** Doesn't match demand profile. Requires storage or complementary sources.
-
-### Wind
-
-**Capacity factor:** Onshore ~25-40%, Offshore ~40-50% (stronger, steadier winds).
-**Cost:** Also falling dramatically. Onshore wind and solar now cheaper than new fossil fuel plants in most markets.
-**Offshore wind:** Higher cost but higher capacity factor. Possible in densely populated areas without land use conflict.
-
-### Hydropower
-
-**Capacity factor:** ~40-50%. Dispatchable (can turn on/off). Balancing resource.
-**Limits:** Geography-constrained. Most good sites already developed in developed countries.
-**Pumped storage hydro:** Most common large-scale storage. Pump water uphill when electricity cheap; release downhill when demand peaks.
-
-## Energy storage
-
-### Battery storage (Lithium-ion)
-
-**Best for:** Short-duration storage (2-4 hours). Grid stabilization, peak shaving.
-**Cost decline:** 90% cost decline since 2010. Continues to fall.
-**Limitations:** Short duration. Supply chain concerns (cobalt, lithium).
-
-### Long-duration storage
-
-Critical for seasonal balancing and full grid decarbonization.
-**Green hydrogen:** Electrolysis (water + electricity → hydrogen). Can store seasonally. Fuel for industry, shipping, aviation. Currently expensive.
-**Iron-air, vanadium flow batteries, compressed air:** Emerging long-duration technologies.
-**Pumped hydro:** 95%+ of current global storage capacity.
-
-## The electricity grid
-
-### Grid basics
-
-**AC vs DC:** AC (alternating current) used for transmission and distribution (easier to step voltage up/down with transformers). DC (direct current) increasingly used for long-distance transmission (less loss) and connecting different grids.
-**Transmission:** High-voltage (345kV - 765kV) long-distance transport. Distribution: Lower voltage to homes and businesses.
-**Frequency:** 60 Hz (North America, some of Asia), 50 Hz (Europe, most of world). Must be maintained within tight tolerance.
-
-### Grid challenges with high renewables
-
-**Variability:** Wind and solar don't follow demand. Need flexibility from other sources.
-**Integration solutions:** Demand response, storage, transmission expansion, grid interconnection, flexible gas/hydro, market design.
-**Duck curve:** California phenomenon — solar overproduction at midday → rapid ramp needed in evening.
-
-## Energy efficiency
-
-**The cheapest energy is the energy you don't use.**
-**Industrial:** Variable speed drives, waste heat recovery, process optimization.
-**Buildings:** Insulation, air sealing, heat pumps (3-5× more efficient than resistance heat), LED lighting, building automation systems.
-**Transport:** EVs, mass transit, walkable urban design, vehicle efficiency standards.
-**Rebound effect:** Efficiency savings sometimes partially offset by increased use. Doesn't eliminate the benefit but reduces it.
-
-Sources: IRENA (irena.org — free), IEA (iea.org — many free reports), NREL (nrel.gov — free), Bloomberg NEF (selected free content), Our World in Data energy (ourworldindata.org/energy — free, CC-BY)
+---
+watermark: ORIRO
+disable-model-invocation: true
+name: env-energy
+provider: ORIRO.ai
+copyright: Copyright (c) 2026 ORIRO.ai
+description: >
+
+
+
+
+  Energy systems — renewable energy, grid basics, energy storage, efficiency, and the energy transition.
+  Sources: IPCC, NRDC, EPA, IRENA, World Resources Institute. All free public sources.
+---
+
+# Energy Systems
+
+## The global energy system
+
+**Primary energy sources:** Oil (~33%), coal (~27%), natural gas (~24%), biomass (~10%), nuclear (~5%), hydropower (~3%), wind/solar/other (~8%). Fossil fuels still ~84% of primary energy.
+**Energy use sectors:** Industry (~38%), Buildings (~31%), Transport (~20%), Other (~11%).
+**Electricity is only ~20% of final energy use** — most heating, transport, industry uses fossil fuels directly. Full decarbonization requires electrifying these.
+
+## Renewable energy
+
+### Solar photovoltaic (PV)
+
+**How it works:** Photons knock electrons loose in semiconductor (silicon) → electric current.
+**Learning curve:** Solar PV costs fell 89% in a decade (2010-2020). Now cheapest electricity source ever built in history (IEA, 2020).
+**Types:** Monocrystalline (most efficient, ~22%+), Polycrystalline, Thin-film.
+**Capacity factor:** ~10-25% (not generating at full capacity all the time — nighttime, clouds).
+**Intermittency:** Doesn't match demand profile. Requires storage or complementary sources.
+
+### Wind
+
+**Capacity factor:** Onshore ~25-40%, Offshore ~40-50% (stronger, steadier winds).
+**Cost:** Also falling dramatically. Onshore wind and solar now cheaper than new fossil fuel plants in most markets.
+**Offshore wind:** Higher cost but higher capacity factor. Possible in densely populated areas without land use conflict.
+
+### Hydropower
+
+**Capacity factor:** ~40-50%. Dispatchable (can turn on/off). Balancing resource.
+**Limits:** Geography-constrained. Most good sites already developed in developed countries.
+**Pumped storage hydro:** Most common large-scale storage. Pump water uphill when electricity cheap; release downhill when demand peaks.
+
+## Energy storage
+
+### Battery storage (Lithium-ion)
+
+**Best for:** Short-duration storage (2-4 hours). Grid stabilization, peak shaving.
+**Cost decline:** 90% cost decline since 2010. Continues to fall.
+**Limitations:** Short duration. Supply chain concerns (cobalt, lithium).
+
+### Long-duration storage
+
+Critical for seasonal balancing and full grid decarbonization.
+**Green hydrogen:** Electrolysis (water + electricity → hydrogen). Can store seasonally. Fuel for industry, shipping, aviation. Currently expensive.
+**Iron-air, vanadium flow batteries, compressed air:** Emerging long-duration technologies.
+**Pumped hydro:** 95%+ of current global storage capacity.
+
+## The electricity grid
+
+### Grid basics
+
+**AC vs DC:** AC (alternating current) used for transmission and distribution (easier to step voltage up/down with transformers). DC (direct current) increasingly used for long-distance transmission (less loss) and connecting different grids.
+**Transmission:** High-voltage (345kV - 765kV) long-distance transport. Distribution: Lower voltage to homes and businesses.
+**Frequency:** 60 Hz (North America, some of Asia), 50 Hz (Europe, most of world). Must be maintained within tight tolerance.
+
+### Grid challenges with high renewables
+
+**Variability:** Wind and solar don't follow demand. Need flexibility from other sources.
+**Integration solutions:** Demand response, storage, transmission expansion, grid interconnection, flexible gas/hydro, market design.
+**Duck curve:** California phenomenon — solar overproduction at midday → rapid ramp needed in evening.
+
+## Energy efficiency
+
+**The cheapest energy is the energy you don't use.**
+**Industrial:** Variable speed drives, waste heat recovery, process optimization.
+**Buildings:** Insulation, air sealing, heat pumps (3-5× more efficient than resistance heat), LED lighting, building automation systems.
+**Transport:** EVs, mass transit, walkable urban design, vehicle efficiency standards.
+**Rebound effect:** Efficiency savings sometimes partially offset by increased use. Doesn't eliminate the benefit but reduces it.
+
+Sources: IRENA (irena.org — free), IEA (iea.org — many free reports), NREL (nrel.gov — free), Bloomberg NEF (selected free content), Our World in Data energy (ourworldindata.org/energy — free, CC-BY)

package/skills/environment/env-sustainability-biz/LICENSE

@@ -1,21 +1,21 @@
-MIT License
-
-Copyright (c) 2026 ORIRO.ai
-
-Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
-of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
-in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
-to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
-copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
-copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
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-LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
-OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
-SOFTWARE.
+MIT License
+
+Copyright (c) 2026 ORIRO.ai
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.