snappy 3.2__cp310-cp310-macosx_10_12_x86_64.whl

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  1. snappy/CyOpenGL.cpython-310-darwin.so +0 -0
  2. snappy/SnapPy.cpython-310-darwin.so +0 -0
  3. snappy/SnapPy.ico +0 -0
  4. snappy/SnapPy.png +0 -0
  5. snappy/SnapPyHP.cpython-310-darwin.so +0 -0
  6. snappy/__init__.py +760 -0
  7. snappy/app.py +605 -0
  8. snappy/app_menus.py +372 -0
  9. snappy/browser.py +998 -0
  10. snappy/cache.py +25 -0
  11. snappy/canonical.py +249 -0
  12. snappy/cusps/__init__.py +38 -0
  13. snappy/cusps/cusp_area_matrix.py +101 -0
  14. snappy/cusps/cusp_areas_from_matrix.py +173 -0
  15. snappy/cusps/maximal_cusp_area_matrix.py +136 -0
  16. snappy/cusps/test.py +21 -0
  17. snappy/cusps/trig_cusp_area_matrix.py +63 -0
  18. snappy/database.py +454 -0
  19. snappy/db_utilities.py +79 -0
  20. snappy/decorated_isosig.py +710 -0
  21. snappy/dev/__init__.py +0 -0
  22. snappy/dev/extended_ptolemy/__init__.py +8 -0
  23. snappy/dev/extended_ptolemy/closed.py +106 -0
  24. snappy/dev/extended_ptolemy/complexVolumesClosed.py +149 -0
  25. snappy/dev/extended_ptolemy/direct.py +42 -0
  26. snappy/dev/extended_ptolemy/extended.py +406 -0
  27. snappy/dev/extended_ptolemy/giac_helper.py +43 -0
  28. snappy/dev/extended_ptolemy/giac_rur.py +129 -0
  29. snappy/dev/extended_ptolemy/gluing.py +46 -0
  30. snappy/dev/extended_ptolemy/phc_wrapper.py +220 -0
  31. snappy/dev/extended_ptolemy/printMatrices.py +70 -0
  32. snappy/dev/vericlosed/__init__.py +1 -0
  33. snappy/dev/vericlosed/computeApproxHyperbolicStructureNew.py +159 -0
  34. snappy/dev/vericlosed/computeApproxHyperbolicStructureOrb.py +90 -0
  35. snappy/dev/vericlosed/computeVerifiedHyperbolicStructure.py +111 -0
  36. snappy/dev/vericlosed/gimbalLoopFinder.py +130 -0
  37. snappy/dev/vericlosed/hyperbolicStructure.py +313 -0
  38. snappy/dev/vericlosed/krawczykCertifiedEdgeLengthsEngine.py +165 -0
  39. snappy/dev/vericlosed/oneVertexTruncatedComplex.py +122 -0
  40. snappy/dev/vericlosed/orb/__init__.py +1 -0
  41. snappy/dev/vericlosed/orb/orb_solution_for_snappea_finite_triangulation_mac +0 -0
  42. snappy/dev/vericlosed/parseVertexGramMatrixFile.py +47 -0
  43. snappy/dev/vericlosed/polishApproxHyperbolicStructure.py +61 -0
  44. snappy/dev/vericlosed/test.py +54 -0
  45. snappy/dev/vericlosed/truncatedComplex.py +176 -0
  46. snappy/dev/vericlosed/verificationError.py +58 -0
  47. snappy/dev/vericlosed/verifyHyperbolicStructureEngine.py +177 -0
  48. snappy/doc/_images/SnapPy-196.png +0 -0
  49. snappy/doc/_images/geodesics.jpg +0 -0
  50. snappy/doc/_images/m004_paper_plane_on_systole.jpg +0 -0
  51. snappy/doc/_images/m125_paper_plane.jpg +0 -0
  52. snappy/doc/_images/mac.png +0 -0
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  56. snappy/doc/_images/ubuntu.png +0 -0
  57. snappy/doc/_images/win7.png +0 -0
  58. snappy/doc/_sources/additional_classes.rst.txt +40 -0
  59. snappy/doc/_sources/bugs.rst.txt +14 -0
  60. snappy/doc/_sources/censuses.rst.txt +51 -0
  61. snappy/doc/_sources/credits.rst.txt +75 -0
  62. snappy/doc/_sources/development.rst.txt +259 -0
  63. snappy/doc/_sources/index.rst.txt +182 -0
  64. snappy/doc/_sources/installing.rst.txt +247 -0
  65. snappy/doc/_sources/manifold.rst.txt +6 -0
  66. snappy/doc/_sources/manifoldhp.rst.txt +46 -0
  67. snappy/doc/_sources/news.rst.txt +355 -0
  68. snappy/doc/_sources/other.rst.txt +25 -0
  69. snappy/doc/_sources/platonic_census.rst.txt +20 -0
  70. snappy/doc/_sources/plink.rst.txt +102 -0
  71. snappy/doc/_sources/ptolemy.rst.txt +66 -0
  72. snappy/doc/_sources/ptolemy_classes.rst.txt +42 -0
  73. snappy/doc/_sources/ptolemy_examples1.rst.txt +298 -0
  74. snappy/doc/_sources/ptolemy_examples2.rst.txt +363 -0
  75. snappy/doc/_sources/ptolemy_examples3.rst.txt +301 -0
  76. snappy/doc/_sources/ptolemy_examples4.rst.txt +61 -0
  77. snappy/doc/_sources/ptolemy_prelim.rst.txt +105 -0
  78. snappy/doc/_sources/screenshots.rst.txt +21 -0
  79. snappy/doc/_sources/snap.rst.txt +87 -0
  80. snappy/doc/_sources/snappy.rst.txt +28 -0
  81. snappy/doc/_sources/spherogram.rst.txt +103 -0
  82. snappy/doc/_sources/todo.rst.txt +47 -0
  83. snappy/doc/_sources/triangulation.rst.txt +11 -0
  84. snappy/doc/_sources/tutorial.rst.txt +49 -0
  85. snappy/doc/_sources/verify.rst.txt +210 -0
  86. snappy/doc/_sources/verify_internals.rst.txt +79 -0
  87. snappy/doc/_static/SnapPy-horizontal-128.png +0 -0
  88. snappy/doc/_static/SnapPy.ico +0 -0
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  153. snappy/doc/development.html +384 -0
  154. snappy/doc/genindex.html +1331 -0
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  162. snappy/doc/platonic_census.html +375 -0
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  166. snappy/doc/ptolemy_examples1.html +409 -0
  167. snappy/doc/ptolemy_examples2.html +471 -0
  168. snappy/doc/ptolemy_examples3.html +414 -0
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  171. snappy/doc/py-modindex.html +165 -0
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  179. snappy/doc/triangulation.html +1584 -0
  180. snappy/doc/tutorial.html +159 -0
  181. snappy/doc/verify.html +330 -0
  182. snappy/doc/verify_internals.html +1235 -0
  183. snappy/drilling/__init__.py +456 -0
  184. snappy/drilling/barycentric.py +103 -0
  185. snappy/drilling/constants.py +5 -0
  186. snappy/drilling/crush.py +270 -0
  187. snappy/drilling/cusps.py +125 -0
  188. snappy/drilling/debug.py +242 -0
  189. snappy/drilling/epsilons.py +6 -0
  190. snappy/drilling/exceptions.py +55 -0
  191. snappy/drilling/moves.py +620 -0
  192. snappy/drilling/peripheral_curves.py +210 -0
  193. snappy/drilling/perturb.py +188 -0
  194. snappy/drilling/shorten.py +36 -0
  195. snappy/drilling/subdivide.py +274 -0
  196. snappy/drilling/test.py +23 -0
  197. snappy/drilling/test_cases.py +126 -0
  198. snappy/drilling/tracing.py +351 -0
  199. snappy/exceptions.py +26 -0
  200. snappy/export_stl.py +120 -0
  201. snappy/exterior_to_link/__init__.py +2 -0
  202. snappy/exterior_to_link/barycentric_geometry.py +463 -0
  203. snappy/exterior_to_link/exceptions.py +6 -0
  204. snappy/exterior_to_link/geodesic_map.json +14408 -0
  205. snappy/exterior_to_link/hyp_utils.py +112 -0
  206. snappy/exterior_to_link/link_projection.py +323 -0
  207. snappy/exterior_to_link/main.py +197 -0
  208. snappy/exterior_to_link/mcomplex_with_expansion.py +261 -0
  209. snappy/exterior_to_link/mcomplex_with_link.py +687 -0
  210. snappy/exterior_to_link/mcomplex_with_memory.py +162 -0
  211. snappy/exterior_to_link/pl_utils.py +491 -0
  212. snappy/exterior_to_link/put_in_S3.py +156 -0
  213. snappy/exterior_to_link/rational_linear_algebra.py +123 -0
  214. snappy/exterior_to_link/rational_linear_algebra_wrapped.py +135 -0
  215. snappy/exterior_to_link/simplify_to_base_tri.py +114 -0
  216. snappy/exterior_to_link/stored_moves.py +475 -0
  217. snappy/exterior_to_link/test.py +31 -0
  218. snappy/filedialog.py +28 -0
  219. snappy/geometric_structure/__init__.py +212 -0
  220. snappy/geometric_structure/cusp_neighborhood/__init__.py +3 -0
  221. snappy/geometric_structure/cusp_neighborhood/complex_cusp_cross_section.py +697 -0
  222. snappy/geometric_structure/cusp_neighborhood/cusp_cross_section_base.py +484 -0
  223. snappy/geometric_structure/cusp_neighborhood/exceptions.py +42 -0
  224. snappy/geometric_structure/cusp_neighborhood/real_cusp_cross_section.py +298 -0
  225. snappy/geometric_structure/cusp_neighborhood/tiles_for_cusp_neighborhood.py +159 -0
  226. snappy/geometric_structure/cusp_neighborhood/vertices.py +32 -0
  227. snappy/geometric_structure/geodesic/__init__.py +0 -0
  228. snappy/geometric_structure/geodesic/add_core_curves.py +152 -0
  229. snappy/geometric_structure/geodesic/avoid_core_curves.py +369 -0
  230. snappy/geometric_structure/geodesic/canonical_keys.py +52 -0
  231. snappy/geometric_structure/geodesic/check_away_from_core_curve.py +60 -0
  232. snappy/geometric_structure/geodesic/constants.py +6 -0
  233. snappy/geometric_structure/geodesic/exceptions.py +22 -0
  234. snappy/geometric_structure/geodesic/fixed_points.py +93 -0
  235. snappy/geometric_structure/geodesic/geodesic_start_point_info.py +435 -0
  236. snappy/geometric_structure/geodesic/graph_trace_helper.py +67 -0
  237. snappy/geometric_structure/geodesic/line.py +30 -0
  238. snappy/geometric_structure/geodesic/multiplicity.py +127 -0
  239. snappy/geometric_structure/geodesic/tiles_for_geodesic.py +101 -0
  240. snappy/geometric_structure/test.py +22 -0
  241. snappy/gui.py +121 -0
  242. snappy/horoviewer.py +443 -0
  243. snappy/hyperboloid/__init__.py +212 -0
  244. snappy/hyperboloid/distances.py +245 -0
  245. snappy/hyperboloid/horoball.py +19 -0
  246. snappy/hyperboloid/line.py +35 -0
  247. snappy/hyperboloid/point.py +9 -0
  248. snappy/hyperboloid/triangle.py +29 -0
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  250. snappy/infowindow.py +65 -0
  251. snappy/isometry_signature.py +382 -0
  252. snappy/len_spec/__init__.py +596 -0
  253. snappy/len_spec/geodesic_info.py +110 -0
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  255. snappy/len_spec/geodesic_piece.py +143 -0
  256. snappy/len_spec/geometric_structure.py +182 -0
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  262. snappy/len_spec/tile.py +275 -0
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  264. snappy/manifolds/HTWKnots/alternating.gz +0 -0
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  277. snappy/ptolemy/fieldExtensions.py +153 -0
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  359. snappy/ptolemy/utilities.py +236 -0
  360. snappy/raytracing/__init__.py +64 -0
  361. snappy/raytracing/additional_horospheres.py +64 -0
  362. snappy/raytracing/additional_len_spec_choices.py +63 -0
  363. snappy/raytracing/cohomology_fractal.py +197 -0
  364. snappy/raytracing/eyeball.py +123 -0
  365. snappy/raytracing/finite_raytracing_data.py +237 -0
  366. snappy/raytracing/finite_viewer.py +590 -0
  367. snappy/raytracing/geodesic_tube_info.py +174 -0
  368. snappy/raytracing/geodesics.py +246 -0
  369. snappy/raytracing/geodesics_window.py +258 -0
  370. snappy/raytracing/gui_utilities.py +293 -0
  371. snappy/raytracing/hyperboloid_navigation.py +556 -0
  372. snappy/raytracing/hyperboloid_utilities.py +234 -0
  373. snappy/raytracing/ideal_raytracing_data.py +592 -0
  374. snappy/raytracing/inside_viewer.py +974 -0
  375. snappy/raytracing/pack.py +22 -0
  376. snappy/raytracing/raytracing_data.py +126 -0
  377. snappy/raytracing/raytracing_view.py +454 -0
  378. snappy/raytracing/shaders/Eye.png +0 -0
  379. snappy/raytracing/shaders/NonGeometric.png +0 -0
  380. snappy/raytracing/shaders/__init__.py +101 -0
  381. snappy/raytracing/shaders/fragment.glsl +1744 -0
  382. snappy/raytracing/test.py +29 -0
  383. snappy/raytracing/tooltip.py +146 -0
  384. snappy/raytracing/upper_halfspace_utilities.py +98 -0
  385. snappy/raytracing/view_scale_controller.py +98 -0
  386. snappy/raytracing/zoom_slider/__init__.py +263 -0
  387. snappy/raytracing/zoom_slider/inward.png +0 -0
  388. snappy/raytracing/zoom_slider/inward18.png +0 -0
  389. snappy/raytracing/zoom_slider/outward.png +0 -0
  390. snappy/raytracing/zoom_slider/outward18.png +0 -0
  391. snappy/raytracing/zoom_slider/test.py +20 -0
  392. snappy/sage_helper.py +117 -0
  393. snappy/settings.py +409 -0
  394. snappy/shell.py +53 -0
  395. snappy/snap/__init__.py +114 -0
  396. snappy/snap/character_varieties.py +375 -0
  397. snappy/snap/find_field.py +372 -0
  398. snappy/snap/fundamental_polyhedron.py +569 -0
  399. snappy/snap/generators.py +39 -0
  400. snappy/snap/interval_reps.py +81 -0
  401. snappy/snap/kernel_structures.py +128 -0
  402. snappy/snap/mcomplex_base.py +18 -0
  403. snappy/snap/nsagetools.py +702 -0
  404. snappy/snap/peripheral/__init__.py +1 -0
  405. snappy/snap/peripheral/dual_cellulation.py +219 -0
  406. snappy/snap/peripheral/link.py +127 -0
  407. snappy/snap/peripheral/peripheral.py +159 -0
  408. snappy/snap/peripheral/surface.py +522 -0
  409. snappy/snap/peripheral/test.py +35 -0
  410. snappy/snap/polished_reps.py +335 -0
  411. snappy/snap/shapes.py +152 -0
  412. snappy/snap/slice_obs_HKL.py +668 -0
  413. snappy/snap/t3mlite/__init__.py +2 -0
  414. snappy/snap/t3mlite/arrow.py +243 -0
  415. snappy/snap/t3mlite/corner.py +22 -0
  416. snappy/snap/t3mlite/edge.py +172 -0
  417. snappy/snap/t3mlite/face.py +37 -0
  418. snappy/snap/t3mlite/files.py +211 -0
  419. snappy/snap/t3mlite/homology.py +53 -0
  420. snappy/snap/t3mlite/linalg.py +419 -0
  421. snappy/snap/t3mlite/mcomplex.py +1499 -0
  422. snappy/snap/t3mlite/perm4.py +320 -0
  423. snappy/snap/t3mlite/setup.py +12 -0
  424. snappy/snap/t3mlite/simplex.py +199 -0
  425. snappy/snap/t3mlite/spun.py +297 -0
  426. snappy/snap/t3mlite/surface.py +519 -0
  427. snappy/snap/t3mlite/test.py +20 -0
  428. snappy/snap/t3mlite/test_vs_regina.py +86 -0
  429. snappy/snap/t3mlite/tetrahedron.py +109 -0
  430. snappy/snap/t3mlite/vertex.py +42 -0
  431. snappy/snap/test.py +134 -0
  432. snappy/snap/utilities.py +288 -0
  433. snappy/test.py +209 -0
  434. snappy/test_cases.py +263 -0
  435. snappy/testing.py +131 -0
  436. snappy/tiling/__init__.py +2 -0
  437. snappy/tiling/canonical_key_dict.py +59 -0
  438. snappy/tiling/dict_based_set.py +79 -0
  439. snappy/tiling/floor.py +49 -0
  440. snappy/tiling/hyperboloid_dict.py +54 -0
  441. snappy/tiling/iter_utils.py +78 -0
  442. snappy/tiling/lifted_tetrahedron.py +22 -0
  443. snappy/tiling/lifted_tetrahedron_set.py +54 -0
  444. snappy/tiling/real_hash_dict.py +164 -0
  445. snappy/tiling/test.py +23 -0
  446. snappy/tiling/tile.py +215 -0
  447. snappy/tiling/triangle.py +33 -0
  448. snappy/tkterminal.py +920 -0
  449. snappy/twister/__init__.py +20 -0
  450. snappy/twister/main.py +646 -0
  451. snappy/twister/surfaces/S_0_1 +3 -0
  452. snappy/twister/surfaces/S_0_2 +3 -0
  453. snappy/twister/surfaces/S_0_4 +7 -0
  454. snappy/twister/surfaces/S_0_4_Lantern +8 -0
  455. snappy/twister/surfaces/S_1 +3 -0
  456. snappy/twister/surfaces/S_1_1 +4 -0
  457. snappy/twister/surfaces/S_1_2 +5 -0
  458. snappy/twister/surfaces/S_1_2_5 +6 -0
  459. snappy/twister/surfaces/S_2 +6 -0
  460. snappy/twister/surfaces/S_2_1 +8 -0
  461. snappy/twister/surfaces/S_2_heeg +10 -0
  462. snappy/twister/surfaces/S_3 +8 -0
  463. snappy/twister/surfaces/S_3_1 +10 -0
  464. snappy/twister/surfaces/S_4_1 +12 -0
  465. snappy/twister/surfaces/S_5_1 +14 -0
  466. snappy/twister/surfaces/heeg_fig8 +9 -0
  467. snappy/twister/twister_core.cpython-310-darwin.so +0 -0
  468. snappy/upper_halfspace/__init__.py +146 -0
  469. snappy/upper_halfspace/ideal_point.py +26 -0
  470. snappy/verify/__init__.py +13 -0
  471. snappy/verify/canonical.py +542 -0
  472. snappy/verify/complex_volume/__init__.py +18 -0
  473. snappy/verify/complex_volume/adjust_torsion.py +86 -0
  474. snappy/verify/complex_volume/closed.py +168 -0
  475. snappy/verify/complex_volume/compute_ptolemys.py +90 -0
  476. snappy/verify/complex_volume/cusped.py +56 -0
  477. snappy/verify/complex_volume/extended_bloch.py +201 -0
  478. snappy/verify/cusp_translations.py +85 -0
  479. snappy/verify/edge_equations.py +80 -0
  480. snappy/verify/exceptions.py +254 -0
  481. snappy/verify/hyperbolicity.py +224 -0
  482. snappy/verify/interval_newton_shapes_engine.py +523 -0
  483. snappy/verify/interval_tree.py +400 -0
  484. snappy/verify/krawczyk_shapes_engine.py +518 -0
  485. snappy/verify/maximal_cusp_area_matrix/__init__.py +46 -0
  486. snappy/verify/maximal_cusp_area_matrix/cusp_tiling_engine.py +419 -0
  487. snappy/verify/maximal_cusp_area_matrix/cusp_translate_engine.py +153 -0
  488. snappy/verify/real_algebra.py +286 -0
  489. snappy/verify/shapes.py +25 -0
  490. snappy/verify/short_slopes.py +200 -0
  491. snappy/verify/square_extensions.py +1005 -0
  492. snappy/verify/test.py +78 -0
  493. snappy/verify/upper_halfspace/__init__.py +9 -0
  494. snappy/verify/upper_halfspace/extended_matrix.py +100 -0
  495. snappy/verify/upper_halfspace/finite_point.py +283 -0
  496. snappy/verify/upper_halfspace/ideal_point.py +426 -0
  497. snappy/verify/volume.py +128 -0
  498. snappy/version.py +2 -0
  499. snappy-3.2.dist-info/METADATA +58 -0
  500. snappy-3.2.dist-info/RECORD +503 -0
  501. snappy-3.2.dist-info/WHEEL +5 -0
  502. snappy-3.2.dist-info/entry_points.txt +2 -0
  503. snappy-3.2.dist-info/top_level.txt +28 -0
snappy/cache.py ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
1
+ class SnapPyCache(dict):
2
+ """
3
+ Implementation of a simple cache used by the Manifold and Triangulation
4
+ to save the results of methods which require a significant amount of
5
+ computation.
6
+
7
+ This cache uses the tuple (method.__name, args, kwargs) as its key.
8
+ """
9
+ debug = False
10
+ _clear = dict.clear
11
+
12
+ def save(self, answer, method_name, *args, **kwargs):
13
+ self[(method_name, args, tuple(kwargs.items()))] = answer
14
+ return answer
15
+
16
+ def lookup(self, method_name, *args, **kwargs):
17
+ return self[(method_name, args, tuple(kwargs.items()))]
18
+
19
+ def clear(self, key=None, message=''):
20
+ if self.debug:
21
+ print('_clear_cache: %s' % message)
22
+ if key is None:
23
+ self._clear()
24
+ else:
25
+ self.pop(key)
snappy/canonical.py ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,249 @@
1
+ from . import verify
2
+ from . import Triangulation, TriangulationHP, Manifold, ManifoldHP
3
+
4
+ from typing import Optional, Union, Sequence, Tuple
5
+
6
+ __all__ = ['canonical_retriangulation', 'canonical_retriangulation_hp']
7
+
8
+ def _canonical_retriangulation(
9
+ manifold : Union[Manifold, ManifoldHP],
10
+ verified : bool,
11
+ interval_bits_precs : Sequence[int],
12
+ exact_bits_prec_and_degrees : Sequence[Tuple[int, int]],
13
+ verbose : bool) -> Union[Triangulation, TriangulationHP,
14
+ Manifold, ManifoldHP]:
15
+ """
16
+ Returns a triangulation canonically associated to the hyperbolic manifold.
17
+ That is, the triangulation is (up to combinatorial isomorphism relabeling
18
+ the tetrahedra and vertices) completely determined by the isometry type of
19
+ the hyperbolic manifold.
20
+
21
+ Manifolds with incomplete cusps are rejected (unlike in the case of
22
+ :meth:`isometry_signature <snappy.Manifold.isometry_signature>`).
23
+
24
+ We now describe the canonical retriangulation. If all cells of
25
+ the canonical cell decomposition (defined by `Epstein and Penner '88
26
+ <https://projecteuclid.org/euclid.jdg/1214441650>`_) are tetrahedral,
27
+ :meth:`canonical_retriangulation <Manifold.canonical_retriangulation>`
28
+ simply returns that ideal triangulation as a
29
+ :class:`Manifold <snappy.Manifold>`. Here is an example::
30
+
31
+ >>> M = Manifold("m015")
32
+ >>> K = M.canonical_retriangulation()
33
+ >>> K.has_finite_vertices()
34
+ False
35
+ >>> K.solution_type()
36
+ 'all tetrahedra positively oriented'
37
+
38
+ If there are non-tetrahedral cells,
39
+ :meth:`canonical_retriangulation <Manifold.canonical_retriangulation>`
40
+ subdivides the canonical cell decomposition. It introduces a finite vertex
41
+ for each canonical cell resulting in a
42
+ :class:`Triangulation <snappy.Triangulation>`. Here is an example where the
43
+ canonical cell is a cube::
44
+
45
+ >>> M = Manifold("m412")
46
+ >>> K = M.canonical_retriangulation()
47
+ >>> K.has_finite_vertices()
48
+ True
49
+
50
+ The canonical retriangulation can be used to find the symmetries of a
51
+ single manifold. It also can compute the isometries between two
52
+ manifolds. We do this using
53
+ :meth:`isomorphisms_to <snappy.Triangulation.isomorphisms_to>`::
54
+
55
+ >>> M = Manifold("5_2").canonical_retriangulation()
56
+ >>> N = Manifold("m015").canonical_retriangulation()
57
+ >>> M.isomorphisms_to(M) #doctest: +ELLIPSIS
58
+ [0 -> 0
59
+ [1 0]
60
+ [0 1]
61
+ ...
62
+ >>> M.isomorphisms_to(N) #doctest: +ELLIPSIS
63
+ [0 -> 0
64
+ [-1 2]
65
+ [ 0 -1]
66
+ ...
67
+
68
+ The canonical retriangulation is also the basis for the
69
+ :meth:`isometry_signature <snappy.Manifold.isometry_signature>`.
70
+
71
+ **Subdivision**
72
+
73
+ If the canonical cell decomposition has a non-tetrahedral cell, the method
74
+ subdivides. You can think of the subdivision in either of the following
75
+ (equivalent) ways:
76
+
77
+ - A coarsening of the barycentric subdivision with only a quarter of the
78
+ number of tetrahedra. That is, take the barycentric subdivision and
79
+ merge the four tetrahedra adjacent to a barycentric edge connecting
80
+ an edge midpoint to a face midpoint.
81
+ - Taking the double suspension of each face (which is an ideal n-gon)
82
+ about the centers of the two neighboring 3-cells. Then split each
83
+ such topological "lens" into n tetrahedra along its central axis.
84
+
85
+ **Verified computations**
86
+
87
+ While the canonical retriangulation is combinatorial, some intermediate
88
+ computations are numerical. Thus, if :attr:`verified = False`,
89
+ floating-point issues can arise.
90
+ (Arguably this gave rise to a mistake in the
91
+ non-orientable census. ``x101`` and ``x103`` were later identified as
92
+ the same by `Burton '14 <http://arxiv.org/abs/1311.7615>`_.)
93
+
94
+ The method can be made :ref:`verified <verify-primer>` by passing
95
+ :attr:`verified = True`::
96
+
97
+ sage: M = Manifold("v2986")
98
+ sage: K = M.canonical_retriangulation(verified = True)
99
+ sage: K.has_finite_vertices() # Cell decomposition verified to be tetrahedral
100
+ False
101
+ sage: K.triangulation_isosig(decorated=False) # Verified isometry signature.
102
+ 'jvLALQQdeefgihihiokcmmwwswg'
103
+ sage: len(K.isomorphisms_to(K)) # Verified to have no (non-trivial) symmetries.
104
+ 1
105
+
106
+ Interval arithmetic can only be used to verify the canonical cell decomposition
107
+ if all cells are tetrahedral. For non-tetrahedral cells, the method
108
+ automatically switches to
109
+ exact methods to verify the canonical cell decomposition. That is, it uses
110
+ snap-like methods
111
+ (`LLL-algorithm <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenstra%E2%80%93Lenstra%E2%80%93Lov%C3%A1sz_lattice_basis_reduction_algorithm>`_)
112
+ to guess a representation of the
113
+ shapes in the shape field. It then uses exact arithmetic to verify the
114
+ shapes form a valid geometric structure and compute the necessary tilts
115
+ to verify the canonical cell decomposition. Note that this can take a
116
+ long time!
117
+
118
+ Here is an example where exact methods are used::
119
+
120
+ sage: M = Manifold("m412")
121
+ sage: K = M.canonical_retriangulation(verified = True)
122
+ sage: K.has_finite_vertices() # Has non-tetrahedral cell
123
+ True
124
+
125
+ If the canonical retriangulation cannot be verified, an exception will be
126
+ raised. (Note that this is new (and safer) in Version 3.2. Prior to that
127
+ version, :meth:`Manifold.canonical_retriangulation` could return ``None``
128
+ instead.)
129
+
130
+ Here is an example where we skip the (potentially lengthy) exact methods
131
+ needed to verify a non-tetrahedral cell. The method fails (early
132
+ and with an exception) since the cells are actually tetrahedral::
133
+
134
+ sage: M = Manifold("m412")
135
+ sage: K = M.canonical_retriangulation(verified = True, exact_bits_prec_and_degrees = []) # doctest: +ELLIPSIS +IGNORE_EXCEPTION_DETAIL
136
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
137
+ ...
138
+ snappy.verify.exceptions.TiltInequalityNumericalVerifyError: Numerical verification that tilt is negative has failed: ... < 0
139
+
140
+ :param verified:
141
+ Use :ref:`verified computation <verify-primer>`.
142
+ :param interval_bits_precs:
143
+ Only relevant if :attr:`verified = True`.
144
+ A list of (increasing) precisions used to try to
145
+ certify the canonical cell decomposition using intervals. Each
146
+ precision is tried until we succeed. If none succeeded, we move on
147
+ to exact methods.
148
+ :param exact_bits_prec_and_degrees:
149
+ Only relevant if :attr:`verified = True`.
150
+ A list of pairs (precision, max degree) used when the
151
+ LLL-algorithm is trying to find the defining
152
+ polynomial of the shape field with
153
+ ``ListOfApproximateAlgebraicNumbers.find_field``.
154
+ Each pair is tried until we succeed.
155
+ :param verbose:
156
+ Print information about the methods tried to compute and verify the
157
+ canonical retriangulation.
158
+ :return:
159
+ If the canonical cell decomposition exists entirely of
160
+ (hyperbolic ideal) tetrahedra, a :class:`Manifold` with those
161
+ tetrahedra.
162
+ Otherwise, a :class:`Triangulation` that is a subdivision of the
163
+ canonical cell decomposition.
164
+ """
165
+
166
+ # More information on the canonical retriangulation can be found in the
167
+ # SnapPea kernel ``canonize_part_2.c`` and in Section 3.1 of
168
+ # `Fominykh, Garoufalidis, Goerner, Tarkaev, Vesnin <http://arxiv.org/abs/1502.00383>`_.
169
+
170
+ if not all(manifold.cusp_info('complete?')):
171
+ # It is unclear what to do when there are filling coefficients.
172
+ # The SnapPea kernel ignores them and uses the complete structure
173
+ # to compute the canonical retriangulation.
174
+ #
175
+ # That makes sense to, e.g., compute a canonical representation
176
+ # of a surgery diagram.
177
+ #
178
+ # In other situations, it makes perfectly sense to fill the cusps
179
+ # instead. That is, e.g., what the isometry_signature does.
180
+ #
181
+ # Since it is ambiguous, I decided to simply reject it here.
182
+ #
183
+ # It is easy enough for a user to either call fill_triangulation
184
+ # or to save the coefficients and unfill all cusps.
185
+ #
186
+ raise ValueError(
187
+ 'Canonical retriangulation needs all cusps to be complete.')
188
+
189
+ if verified:
190
+ # verified_canonical_retriangulation has code to check
191
+ # for incomplete cusps and fill them that never gets
192
+ # executed because of the above "if"
193
+ return verify.verified_canonical_retriangulation(
194
+ manifold,
195
+ interval_bits_precs=interval_bits_precs,
196
+ exact_bits_prec_and_degrees=exact_bits_prec_and_degrees,
197
+ verbose=verbose)
198
+ else:
199
+ # Note that the SnapPea kernel actually ignores Dehn-fillings
200
+ # when computing the canonical retriangulation.
201
+ if not all(manifold.cusp_info('complete?')):
202
+ # Never executed because of above "if".
203
+ manifold = manifold.filled_triangulation()
204
+ if not all(manifold.cusp_info('complete?')):
205
+ raise ValueError(
206
+ 'Could not compute filled triangulation. '
207
+ 'Are the filling coefficients co-prime integers?')
208
+
209
+ K = manifold._canonical_retriangulation()
210
+ if K.has_finite_vertices():
211
+ return K
212
+ else:
213
+ if isinstance(manifold, ManifoldHP):
214
+ return ManifoldHP(K)
215
+ else:
216
+ return Manifold(K)
217
+
218
+ # Wraps _canonical_retriangulation to have the correct return type
219
+ def canonical_retriangulation(
220
+ manifold : Manifold,
221
+ verified : bool = False,
222
+ interval_bits_precs : Sequence[int] = verify.default_interval_bits_precs,
223
+ exact_bits_prec_and_degrees : Sequence[Tuple[int, int]] = verify.default_exact_bits_prec_and_degrees,
224
+ verbose : bool = False) -> Union[Triangulation, Manifold]:
225
+ return _canonical_retriangulation(
226
+ manifold,
227
+ verified = verified,
228
+ interval_bits_precs = interval_bits_precs,
229
+ exact_bits_prec_and_degrees = exact_bits_prec_and_degrees,
230
+ verbose = verbose)
231
+ canonical_retriangulation.__doc__ = _canonical_retriangulation.__doc__
232
+
233
+ # Wraps _canonical_retriangulation to have the correct return type
234
+ def canonical_retriangulation_hp(
235
+ manifold : ManifoldHP,
236
+ verified : bool = False,
237
+ interval_bits_precs : Sequence[int] = verify.default_interval_bits_precs,
238
+ exact_bits_prec_and_degrees : Sequence[Tuple[int, int]] = verify.default_exact_bits_prec_and_degrees,
239
+ verbose : bool = False) -> Union[TriangulationHP, ManifoldHP]:
240
+ return _canonical_retriangulation(
241
+ manifold,
242
+ verified = verified,
243
+ interval_bits_precs = interval_bits_precs,
244
+ exact_bits_prec_and_degrees = exact_bits_prec_and_degrees,
245
+ verbose = verbose)
246
+ canonical_retriangulation_hp.__doc__ = _canonical_retriangulation.__doc__
247
+
248
+
249
+
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
1
+ """
2
+ Computing data about cusps such as cusp matrix, shape, translations
3
+ and exceptional slopes.
4
+ """
5
+
6
+ from ..geometric_structure.cusp_neighborhood.complex_cusp_cross_section import ComplexCuspCrossSection
7
+ from ..verify.shapes import compute_hyperbolic_shapes
8
+ from ..exceptions import NonorientableManifoldError
9
+
10
+ def compute_cusp_shapes(manifold, verified, bits_prec=None):
11
+ """
12
+ Compute cusp shapes. Following the SnapPea kernel convention,
13
+ it returns the conjugate of the quotient of the translations
14
+ corresponding to the longitude and meridian for each cusp.
15
+
16
+ >>> M = Manifold('s843')
17
+ >>> M.cusp_info('shape', bits_prec = 100) # doctest: +NUMERIC21
18
+ [0.46738227586341496791816972792 + 1.1903600506742881207098973751*I, 0.084187324414612694374797271558 + 1.0506945576790020048456757228*I]
19
+
20
+ sage: M = Manifold('s843')
21
+ sage: M.cusp_info('shape', verified = True) # doctest: +NUMERIC12
22
+ [0.46738227587? + 1.19036005068?*I, 0.0841873244146? + 1.0506945576790?*I]
23
+
24
+ sage: M.cusp_info('shape', verified = True, bits_prec = 100) # doctest: +NUMERIC21
25
+ [0.4673822758634149679181698? + 1.1903600506742881207098974?*I, 0.084187324414612694374797272? + 1.050694557679002004845675723?*I]
26
+ """
27
+
28
+ if not manifold.is_orientable():
29
+ raise NonorientableManifoldError(manifold)
30
+
31
+ shapes = compute_hyperbolic_shapes(
32
+ manifold, verified=verified, bits_prec=bits_prec)
33
+
34
+ # Compute cusp cross section
35
+ c = ComplexCuspCrossSection.fromManifoldAndShapes(manifold, shapes)
36
+
37
+ # Compute shape
38
+ return c.cusp_shapes()
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
1
+ from .maximal_cusp_area_matrix import maximal_cusp_area_matrix
2
+ from .trig_cusp_area_matrix import triangulation_dependent_cusp_area_matrix
3
+ from ..verify.maximal_cusp_area_matrix import legacy_verified_maximal_cusp_area_matrix
4
+
5
+ from typing import Optional
6
+
7
+ def cusp_area_matrix(
8
+ manifold,
9
+ method : str = 'maximal',
10
+ verified : bool = False,
11
+ bits_prec : Optional[int] = None):
12
+ """
13
+ Returns the maximal cusp area matrix :math:`(A_{ij})` where
14
+ :math:`A_{ij}` is defined as follows.
15
+ Let :math:`C_i` and :math:`C_j` be the (open) cusp neighborhoods about cusp
16
+ :math:`i` and :math:`j`. Let :math:`A(C_i)` and :math:`A(C_j)` be the
17
+ areas of :math:`C_i` and :math:`C_j`, respectively. Then, :math:`C_i`
18
+ and :math:`C_j` are embedded (if :math:`i = j`) or disjoint (otherwise)
19
+ if and only if :math:`A(C_i)A(C_j) \\leq A_{ij}`.
20
+
21
+ Here is an example::
22
+
23
+ >>> M = Manifold("L6a5")
24
+ >>> M.cusp_area_matrix() # doctest: +NUMERIC12
25
+ [27.9999999999996 7.00000000000000 7.00000000000000]
26
+ [7.00000000000000 27.9999999999999 7.00000000000000]
27
+ [7.00000000000000 7.00000000000000 28.0000000000001]
28
+
29
+
30
+ **Faster lower bounds**
31
+
32
+ This section can be skipped by most users!
33
+
34
+ Prior to SnapPy version 3.2, the algorithm to compute the maximal cusp
35
+ area matrix was much slower and required :attr:`verified = True` and
36
+ SageMath. Thus, in prior versions, :attr:`method` defaulted to
37
+ ``trigDependentTryCanonize``. This meant, that, by default,
38
+ :meth:`~snappy.Manifold.cusp_area_matrix` only returned
39
+ (some) lower bounds for the maximal cusp area matrix entries.
40
+
41
+ These lower bounds can still be accessed::
42
+
43
+ >>> M.cusp_area_matrix(method = 'trigDependentTryCanonize') # doctest: +NUMERIC12
44
+ [21.4375000000000 7.00000000000000 7.00000000000000]
45
+ [7.00000000000000 28.0000000000000 7.00000000000000]
46
+ [7.00000000000000 7.00000000000000 28.0000000000000]
47
+
48
+ If :attr:`method = 'trigDependent'` or
49
+ :attr:`method = 'trigDependenyTryCanonize'`, the result is triangulation
50
+ dependent or not even deterministic, respectively.
51
+ Furthermore, if :attr:`verified = True` is also set, while the left
52
+ endpoints of the intervals are lower bounds for the maximal cusp area
53
+ matrix entries, the right endpoints are meaningless and could be smaller
54
+ or larger than the maximal cusp area matrix entries.
55
+
56
+ **Verified computation**
57
+
58
+ If :attr:`verified = False`, floating-point issues can arise resulting in
59
+ incorrect values. The method can be made
60
+ :ref:`verified <verify-primer>` by passing :attr:`verified = True`::
61
+
62
+ sage: M.cusp_area_matrix(verified=True) # doctest: +NUMERIC3
63
+ [ 28.0000? 7.000000000000? 7.00000000000?]
64
+ [7.000000000000? 28.000000? 7.00000000000?]
65
+ [ 7.00000000000? 7.00000000000? 28.00000?]
66
+
67
+ :param verified:
68
+ Use :ref:`verified computation <verify-primer>`.
69
+ :param bits_prec:
70
+ Precision used for computation. Increase if computation
71
+ did not succeed or a more precise result is desired.
72
+ :param method:
73
+ Switches to older algorithms giving lower bounds when
74
+ ``trigDependentTryCanonize`` and ``trigDependent``.
75
+ :return:
76
+ Maximal cusp area matrix (default) or lower bounds
77
+ (if :attr:`method` switches to older algorithm).
78
+ """
79
+
80
+ if method == 'maximal':
81
+ return maximal_cusp_area_matrix(
82
+ manifold, bits_prec=bits_prec, verified=verified)
83
+ if method == 'maximalLegacy':
84
+ if not verified:
85
+ raise NotImplementedError("Maximal cusp area matrix only "
86
+ "available as verified computation. "
87
+ "Pass verified = True.")
88
+ return legacy_verified_maximal_cusp_area_matrix(
89
+ manifold, bits_prec=bits_prec)
90
+ if method in ['trigDependent', 'trigDependentTryCanonize']:
91
+ if method == 'trigDependentTryCanonize':
92
+ manifold = manifold.copy()
93
+ manifold.canonize()
94
+
95
+ return triangulation_dependent_cusp_area_matrix(
96
+ manifold, bits_prec=bits_prec, verified=verified)
97
+
98
+ raise ValueError("method passed to cusp_area_matrix must be "
99
+ "'trigDependent', 'trigDependentTryCanonize', "
100
+ "or 'maximal'.")
101
+
@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
1
+ from ..math_basics import correct_min, is_RealIntervalFieldElement
2
+
3
+ __all__ = ['unbiased_cusp_areas_from_cusp_area_matrix',
4
+ 'greedy_cusp_areas_from_cusp_area_matrix']
5
+
6
+ def unbiased_cusp_areas_from_cusp_area_matrix(cusp_area_matrix):
7
+ """
8
+
9
+ Examples::
10
+
11
+ sage: from sage.all import matrix, RIF
12
+ sage: unbiased_cusp_areas_from_cusp_area_matrix(
13
+ ... matrix([[RIF(9.0,9.0005),RIF(6.0, 6.001)],
14
+ ... [RIF(6.0,6.001 ),RIF(4.0, 4.001)]]))
15
+ [3.00?, 2.000?]
16
+
17
+ >>> from snappy.number import Number, number_to_native_number
18
+ >>> def N(x): return number_to_native_number(Number(x))
19
+ >>> from snappy.matrix import make_matrix
20
+ >>> unbiased_cusp_areas_from_cusp_area_matrix(
21
+ ... make_matrix([[N(10.0), N(40.0)],
22
+ ... [N(40.0), N(20.0)]])) # doctest: +NUMERIC9
23
+ [3.1622776601683795, 4.47213595499958]
24
+
25
+ """
26
+
27
+ if is_RealIntervalFieldElement(cusp_area_matrix[0, 0]):
28
+ return _verified_unbiased_cusp_areas_from_cusp_area_matrix(
29
+ cusp_area_matrix)
30
+
31
+ return _unverified_unbiased_cusp_areas_from_cusp_area_matrix(
32
+ cusp_area_matrix)
33
+
34
+
35
+ def greedy_cusp_areas_from_cusp_area_matrix(cusp_area_matrix, first_cusps=[]):
36
+ """
37
+
38
+ sage: from sage.all import matrix, RIF
39
+ sage: greedy_cusp_areas_from_cusp_area_matrix(
40
+ ... matrix([[RIF(9.0,9.0005),RIF(6.0, 6.001)],
41
+ ... [RIF(6.0,6.001 ),RIF(10.0, 10.001)]]))
42
+ [3.0001?, 2.000?]
43
+
44
+ >>> from snappy.number import Number, number_to_native_number
45
+ >>> def N(x): return number_to_native_number(Number(x))
46
+ >>> from snappy.matrix import make_matrix
47
+ >>> greedy_cusp_areas_from_cusp_area_matrix(
48
+ ... make_matrix([[N(10.0), N(40.0)],
49
+ ... [N(40.0), N(20.0)]])) # doctest: +NUMERIC9
50
+ [3.1622776601683795, 4.47213595499958]
51
+
52
+ """
53
+ num_cusps = cusp_area_matrix.dimensions()[0]
54
+
55
+ result = list(range(num_cusps)) # Make space for range; initial values irrelevant
56
+
57
+ # Cusp permutation given in Cayley notation
58
+ sigma = first_cusps + [ i for i in range(num_cusps) if i not in first_cusps ]
59
+
60
+ for i in range(num_cusps):
61
+ stoppers = [ cusp_area_matrix[sigma[i], sigma[j]] / result[sigma[j]]
62
+ for j in range(i) ]
63
+ self_stopper = cusp_area_matrix[sigma[i], sigma[i]].sqrt()
64
+
65
+ result[sigma[i]] = correct_min(stoppers + [ self_stopper ])
66
+
67
+ return result
68
+
69
+
70
+ def _interval_minimum_candidates(intervals_and_extras):
71
+ result = [intervals_and_extras[0]]
72
+ for this in intervals_and_extras[1:]:
73
+ t0 = this[0]
74
+ if not all(t0 > other[0] for other in result):
75
+ if all(t0 < other[0] for other in result):
76
+ result = [this]
77
+ else:
78
+ result.append(this)
79
+ return result
80
+
81
+
82
+ def _find_potential_stoppers(cusp_area_matrix, assigned_areas):
83
+ def stopper(i, j):
84
+ if not assigned_areas[i] is None:
85
+ return cusp_area_matrix[i, j] / assigned_areas[i]
86
+ if not assigned_areas[j] is None:
87
+ return cusp_area_matrix[i, j] / assigned_areas[j]
88
+ return cusp_area_matrix[i, j].sqrt()
89
+
90
+ num_cusps = cusp_area_matrix.dimensions()[0]
91
+
92
+ return [(stopper(i, j), (i, j))
93
+ for i in range(num_cusps)
94
+ for j in range(i, num_cusps)
95
+ if (assigned_areas[j] is None) or (assigned_areas[i] is None)]
96
+
97
+
98
+ def _find_stoppers(cusp_area_matrix, assigned_areas):
99
+ return _interval_minimum_candidates(
100
+ _find_potential_stoppers(cusp_area_matrix, assigned_areas))
101
+
102
+
103
+ def _union_intervals(intervals):
104
+ result = intervals[0]
105
+ for i in intervals[1:]:
106
+ result = result.union(i)
107
+ return result
108
+
109
+
110
+ def _get_cusps_from_stoppers(stoppers, assigned_areas):
111
+ result = set()
112
+ for stopper in stoppers:
113
+ for cusp in stopper[1]:
114
+ if assigned_areas[cusp] is None:
115
+ result.add(cusp)
116
+ return result
117
+
118
+
119
+ def _verified_unbiased_cusp_areas_from_cusp_area_matrix(cusp_area_matrix):
120
+
121
+ num_cusps = cusp_area_matrix.dimensions()[0]
122
+
123
+ result = num_cusps * [None]
124
+
125
+ while None in result:
126
+ stoppers = _find_stoppers(cusp_area_matrix, result)
127
+
128
+ stoppers_union = _union_intervals([stopper[0] for stopper in stoppers])
129
+ cusps = _get_cusps_from_stoppers(stoppers, result)
130
+ stopper_pairs = {stopper[1] for stopper in stoppers}
131
+
132
+ stop_size = (stoppers_union * stoppers_union) / stoppers_union
133
+
134
+ for area in result:
135
+ if not area < stop_size:
136
+ raise Exception("New area smaller than existing areas")
137
+
138
+ for cusp in cusps:
139
+ result[cusp] = stop_size
140
+
141
+ for i in range(num_cusps):
142
+ for j in range(i, num_cusps):
143
+ if i in cusps or j in cusps:
144
+ if (not result[i] is None) and (not result[j] is None):
145
+ if not (i,j) in stopper_pairs:
146
+ if not result[i] * result[j] < cusp_area_matrix[i,j]:
147
+ raise Exception("Violated maximal cusp area", i, j)
148
+
149
+ return result
150
+
151
+
152
+ def _find_minimal_stopper(cusp_area_matrix, assigned_areas):
153
+ return min(_find_potential_stoppers(cusp_area_matrix, assigned_areas))
154
+
155
+
156
+ def _unverified_unbiased_cusp_areas_from_cusp_area_matrix(cusp_area_matrix):
157
+ num_cusps = cusp_area_matrix.dimensions()[0]
158
+ num_pending = num_cusps
159
+
160
+ result = num_cusps * [None]
161
+
162
+ while num_pending > 0:
163
+ stop_size, (i, j) = _find_minimal_stopper(cusp_area_matrix, result)
164
+
165
+ if result[i] is None:
166
+ result[i] = stop_size
167
+ num_pending -= 1
168
+ if i != j:
169
+ if result[j] is None:
170
+ result[j] = stop_size
171
+ num_pending -= 1
172
+
173
+ return result