snappy 3.2__cp310-cp310-macosx_10_12_x86_64.whl

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  1. snappy/CyOpenGL.cpython-310-darwin.so +0 -0
  2. snappy/SnapPy.cpython-310-darwin.so +0 -0
  3. snappy/SnapPy.ico +0 -0
  4. snappy/SnapPy.png +0 -0
  5. snappy/SnapPyHP.cpython-310-darwin.so +0 -0
  6. snappy/__init__.py +760 -0
  7. snappy/app.py +605 -0
  8. snappy/app_menus.py +372 -0
  9. snappy/browser.py +998 -0
  10. snappy/cache.py +25 -0
  11. snappy/canonical.py +249 -0
  12. snappy/cusps/__init__.py +38 -0
  13. snappy/cusps/cusp_area_matrix.py +101 -0
  14. snappy/cusps/cusp_areas_from_matrix.py +173 -0
  15. snappy/cusps/maximal_cusp_area_matrix.py +136 -0
  16. snappy/cusps/test.py +21 -0
  17. snappy/cusps/trig_cusp_area_matrix.py +63 -0
  18. snappy/database.py +454 -0
  19. snappy/db_utilities.py +79 -0
  20. snappy/decorated_isosig.py +710 -0
  21. snappy/dev/__init__.py +0 -0
  22. snappy/dev/extended_ptolemy/__init__.py +8 -0
  23. snappy/dev/extended_ptolemy/closed.py +106 -0
  24. snappy/dev/extended_ptolemy/complexVolumesClosed.py +149 -0
  25. snappy/dev/extended_ptolemy/direct.py +42 -0
  26. snappy/dev/extended_ptolemy/extended.py +406 -0
  27. snappy/dev/extended_ptolemy/giac_helper.py +43 -0
  28. snappy/dev/extended_ptolemy/giac_rur.py +129 -0
  29. snappy/dev/extended_ptolemy/gluing.py +46 -0
  30. snappy/dev/extended_ptolemy/phc_wrapper.py +220 -0
  31. snappy/dev/extended_ptolemy/printMatrices.py +70 -0
  32. snappy/dev/vericlosed/__init__.py +1 -0
  33. snappy/dev/vericlosed/computeApproxHyperbolicStructureNew.py +159 -0
  34. snappy/dev/vericlosed/computeApproxHyperbolicStructureOrb.py +90 -0
  35. snappy/dev/vericlosed/computeVerifiedHyperbolicStructure.py +111 -0
  36. snappy/dev/vericlosed/gimbalLoopFinder.py +130 -0
  37. snappy/dev/vericlosed/hyperbolicStructure.py +313 -0
  38. snappy/dev/vericlosed/krawczykCertifiedEdgeLengthsEngine.py +165 -0
  39. snappy/dev/vericlosed/oneVertexTruncatedComplex.py +122 -0
  40. snappy/dev/vericlosed/orb/__init__.py +1 -0
  41. snappy/dev/vericlosed/orb/orb_solution_for_snappea_finite_triangulation_mac +0 -0
  42. snappy/dev/vericlosed/parseVertexGramMatrixFile.py +47 -0
  43. snappy/dev/vericlosed/polishApproxHyperbolicStructure.py +61 -0
  44. snappy/dev/vericlosed/test.py +54 -0
  45. snappy/dev/vericlosed/truncatedComplex.py +176 -0
  46. snappy/dev/vericlosed/verificationError.py +58 -0
  47. snappy/dev/vericlosed/verifyHyperbolicStructureEngine.py +177 -0
  48. snappy/doc/_images/SnapPy-196.png +0 -0
  49. snappy/doc/_images/geodesics.jpg +0 -0
  50. snappy/doc/_images/m004_paper_plane_on_systole.jpg +0 -0
  51. snappy/doc/_images/m125_paper_plane.jpg +0 -0
  52. snappy/doc/_images/mac.png +0 -0
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  56. snappy/doc/_images/ubuntu.png +0 -0
  57. snappy/doc/_images/win7.png +0 -0
  58. snappy/doc/_sources/additional_classes.rst.txt +40 -0
  59. snappy/doc/_sources/bugs.rst.txt +14 -0
  60. snappy/doc/_sources/censuses.rst.txt +51 -0
  61. snappy/doc/_sources/credits.rst.txt +75 -0
  62. snappy/doc/_sources/development.rst.txt +259 -0
  63. snappy/doc/_sources/index.rst.txt +182 -0
  64. snappy/doc/_sources/installing.rst.txt +247 -0
  65. snappy/doc/_sources/manifold.rst.txt +6 -0
  66. snappy/doc/_sources/manifoldhp.rst.txt +46 -0
  67. snappy/doc/_sources/news.rst.txt +355 -0
  68. snappy/doc/_sources/other.rst.txt +25 -0
  69. snappy/doc/_sources/platonic_census.rst.txt +20 -0
  70. snappy/doc/_sources/plink.rst.txt +102 -0
  71. snappy/doc/_sources/ptolemy.rst.txt +66 -0
  72. snappy/doc/_sources/ptolemy_classes.rst.txt +42 -0
  73. snappy/doc/_sources/ptolemy_examples1.rst.txt +298 -0
  74. snappy/doc/_sources/ptolemy_examples2.rst.txt +363 -0
  75. snappy/doc/_sources/ptolemy_examples3.rst.txt +301 -0
  76. snappy/doc/_sources/ptolemy_examples4.rst.txt +61 -0
  77. snappy/doc/_sources/ptolemy_prelim.rst.txt +105 -0
  78. snappy/doc/_sources/screenshots.rst.txt +21 -0
  79. snappy/doc/_sources/snap.rst.txt +87 -0
  80. snappy/doc/_sources/snappy.rst.txt +28 -0
  81. snappy/doc/_sources/spherogram.rst.txt +103 -0
  82. snappy/doc/_sources/todo.rst.txt +47 -0
  83. snappy/doc/_sources/triangulation.rst.txt +11 -0
  84. snappy/doc/_sources/tutorial.rst.txt +49 -0
  85. snappy/doc/_sources/verify.rst.txt +210 -0
  86. snappy/doc/_sources/verify_internals.rst.txt +79 -0
  87. snappy/doc/_static/SnapPy-horizontal-128.png +0 -0
  88. snappy/doc/_static/SnapPy.ico +0 -0
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  153. snappy/doc/development.html +384 -0
  154. snappy/doc/genindex.html +1331 -0
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  162. snappy/doc/platonic_census.html +375 -0
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  166. snappy/doc/ptolemy_examples1.html +409 -0
  167. snappy/doc/ptolemy_examples2.html +471 -0
  168. snappy/doc/ptolemy_examples3.html +414 -0
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  171. snappy/doc/py-modindex.html +165 -0
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  179. snappy/doc/triangulation.html +1584 -0
  180. snappy/doc/tutorial.html +159 -0
  181. snappy/doc/verify.html +330 -0
  182. snappy/doc/verify_internals.html +1235 -0
  183. snappy/drilling/__init__.py +456 -0
  184. snappy/drilling/barycentric.py +103 -0
  185. snappy/drilling/constants.py +5 -0
  186. snappy/drilling/crush.py +270 -0
  187. snappy/drilling/cusps.py +125 -0
  188. snappy/drilling/debug.py +242 -0
  189. snappy/drilling/epsilons.py +6 -0
  190. snappy/drilling/exceptions.py +55 -0
  191. snappy/drilling/moves.py +620 -0
  192. snappy/drilling/peripheral_curves.py +210 -0
  193. snappy/drilling/perturb.py +188 -0
  194. snappy/drilling/shorten.py +36 -0
  195. snappy/drilling/subdivide.py +274 -0
  196. snappy/drilling/test.py +23 -0
  197. snappy/drilling/test_cases.py +126 -0
  198. snappy/drilling/tracing.py +351 -0
  199. snappy/exceptions.py +26 -0
  200. snappy/export_stl.py +120 -0
  201. snappy/exterior_to_link/__init__.py +2 -0
  202. snappy/exterior_to_link/barycentric_geometry.py +463 -0
  203. snappy/exterior_to_link/exceptions.py +6 -0
  204. snappy/exterior_to_link/geodesic_map.json +14408 -0
  205. snappy/exterior_to_link/hyp_utils.py +112 -0
  206. snappy/exterior_to_link/link_projection.py +323 -0
  207. snappy/exterior_to_link/main.py +197 -0
  208. snappy/exterior_to_link/mcomplex_with_expansion.py +261 -0
  209. snappy/exterior_to_link/mcomplex_with_link.py +687 -0
  210. snappy/exterior_to_link/mcomplex_with_memory.py +162 -0
  211. snappy/exterior_to_link/pl_utils.py +491 -0
  212. snappy/exterior_to_link/put_in_S3.py +156 -0
  213. snappy/exterior_to_link/rational_linear_algebra.py +123 -0
  214. snappy/exterior_to_link/rational_linear_algebra_wrapped.py +135 -0
  215. snappy/exterior_to_link/simplify_to_base_tri.py +114 -0
  216. snappy/exterior_to_link/stored_moves.py +475 -0
  217. snappy/exterior_to_link/test.py +31 -0
  218. snappy/filedialog.py +28 -0
  219. snappy/geometric_structure/__init__.py +212 -0
  220. snappy/geometric_structure/cusp_neighborhood/__init__.py +3 -0
  221. snappy/geometric_structure/cusp_neighborhood/complex_cusp_cross_section.py +697 -0
  222. snappy/geometric_structure/cusp_neighborhood/cusp_cross_section_base.py +484 -0
  223. snappy/geometric_structure/cusp_neighborhood/exceptions.py +42 -0
  224. snappy/geometric_structure/cusp_neighborhood/real_cusp_cross_section.py +298 -0
  225. snappy/geometric_structure/cusp_neighborhood/tiles_for_cusp_neighborhood.py +159 -0
  226. snappy/geometric_structure/cusp_neighborhood/vertices.py +32 -0
  227. snappy/geometric_structure/geodesic/__init__.py +0 -0
  228. snappy/geometric_structure/geodesic/add_core_curves.py +152 -0
  229. snappy/geometric_structure/geodesic/avoid_core_curves.py +369 -0
  230. snappy/geometric_structure/geodesic/canonical_keys.py +52 -0
  231. snappy/geometric_structure/geodesic/check_away_from_core_curve.py +60 -0
  232. snappy/geometric_structure/geodesic/constants.py +6 -0
  233. snappy/geometric_structure/geodesic/exceptions.py +22 -0
  234. snappy/geometric_structure/geodesic/fixed_points.py +93 -0
  235. snappy/geometric_structure/geodesic/geodesic_start_point_info.py +435 -0
  236. snappy/geometric_structure/geodesic/graph_trace_helper.py +67 -0
  237. snappy/geometric_structure/geodesic/line.py +30 -0
  238. snappy/geometric_structure/geodesic/multiplicity.py +127 -0
  239. snappy/geometric_structure/geodesic/tiles_for_geodesic.py +101 -0
  240. snappy/geometric_structure/test.py +22 -0
  241. snappy/gui.py +121 -0
  242. snappy/horoviewer.py +443 -0
  243. snappy/hyperboloid/__init__.py +212 -0
  244. snappy/hyperboloid/distances.py +245 -0
  245. snappy/hyperboloid/horoball.py +19 -0
  246. snappy/hyperboloid/line.py +35 -0
  247. snappy/hyperboloid/point.py +9 -0
  248. snappy/hyperboloid/triangle.py +29 -0
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  250. snappy/infowindow.py +65 -0
  251. snappy/isometry_signature.py +382 -0
  252. snappy/len_spec/__init__.py +596 -0
  253. snappy/len_spec/geodesic_info.py +110 -0
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  255. snappy/len_spec/geodesic_piece.py +143 -0
  256. snappy/len_spec/geometric_structure.py +182 -0
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  262. snappy/len_spec/tile.py +275 -0
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  264. snappy/manifolds/HTWKnots/alternating.gz +0 -0
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  277. snappy/ptolemy/fieldExtensions.py +153 -0
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+ <section id="manifoldhp-high-precision-variant">
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+ <h1>ManifoldHP: High-precision variant<a class="headerlink" href="#manifoldhp-high-precision-variant" title="Link to this heading"></a></h1>
101
+ <p>A ManifoldHP is a variant of <a class="reference internal" href="manifold.html#snappy.Manifold" title="snappy.Manifold"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Manifold</span></code></a> which
102
+ does all floating-point calculations in <a class="reference external" href="http://web.mit.edu/tabbott/Public/quaddouble-debian/qd-2.3.4-old/docs/qd.pdf">quad-double precision</a>,
103
+ which has four times as many significant digits as the ordinary
104
+ <a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_precision_floating-point_format">double precision numbers</a>
105
+ used by Manifold. More precisely, numbers used in ManifoldHP have 212
106
+ bits for the mantissa/significand (roughly 63 decimal digits) versus
107
+ 53 bits with Manifold.</p>
108
+ <p>To the user, the only difference between Manifold and ManifoldHP is the extra precision:</p>
109
+ <div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">L</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Manifold</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;m004&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
110
+ <span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">L</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">volume</span><span class="p">()</span>
111
+ <span class="go">2.02988321282</span>
112
+ <span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">H</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ManifoldHP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;m004&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
113
+ <span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">H</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">volume</span><span class="p">()</span>
114
+ <span class="go">2.029883212819307250042405108549040571883378615060599584034978214</span>
115
+ </pre></div>
116
+ </div>
117
+ <p>and it is easy to go back and forth between the two types:</p>
118
+ <div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">D</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">H</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">low_precision</span><span class="p">()</span>
119
+ <span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">D</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">volume</span><span class="p">(),</span> <span class="nb">type</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">D</span><span class="p">)</span>
120
+ <span class="go">(2.02988321282, &lt;class &#39;snappy.Manifold&#39;&gt;)</span>
121
+ <span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">U</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">L</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">high_precision</span><span class="p">()</span>
122
+ <span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="nb">type</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">U</span><span class="p">)</span>
123
+ <span class="go">&lt;class &#39;snappy.ManifoldHP&#39;&gt;</span>
124
+ </pre></div>
125
+ </div>
126
+ <section id="faq">
127
+ <h2>FAQ<a class="headerlink" href="#faq" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
128
+ <ol class="upperalpha simple" start="17">
129
+ <li><p>How does this differ from the program <a class="reference external" href="http://snap-pari.sourceforge.net/">Snap</a> or the <a class="reference internal" href="snap.html"><span class="doc">corresponding features</span></a> of SnapPy?</p></li>
130
+ </ol>
131
+ <ol class="upperalpha simple">
132
+ <li><p>Snap computes hyperbolic structures to whatever precision you specify, not just 212 bits. However, only some aspects of that structure can be accessed at the higher precision. In contrast, with ManifoldHP every part of the SnapPea kernel uses the high-precision structure. Eventually, we hope to add a ManifoldAP which allows for arbitrary precision throughout the kernel.</p></li>
133
+ </ol>
134
+ <ol class="upperalpha simple" start="17">
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+ <li><p>Are there any negatives to using ManifoldHP over Manifold?</p></li>
136
+ </ol>
137
+ <ol class="upperalpha simple">
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+ <li><p>Yes, ManifoldHP is generally slower by a factor of 10 to 100. Multiplying two quad-double numbers requires at least 10 ordinary double multiplications, so some of this is inevitable.</p></li>
139
+ </ol>
140
+ <ol class="upperalpha simple" start="17">
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+ <li><p>What is one place where the extra precision really helps?</p></li>
142
+ </ol>
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+ <ol class="upperalpha simple">
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+ <li><p>Computing Dirichlet domains and subsidiary things like the length spectrum. A ManifoldHP can find the Dirichlet domain of a typically 15 crossing knot exterior but Manifold can’t.</p></li>
145
+ </ol>
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+ <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="tutorial.html">Tutorial</a></li>
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+ <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="plink.html">Using SnapPy’s link editor</a></li>
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+ <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="spherogram.html">Links: planar diagrams and invariants</a></li>
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+ <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="snap.html">Number theory of hyperbolic 3-manifolds</a></li>
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+ <div itemprop="articleBody">
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+
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+ <section id="news">
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+ <h1>News<a class="headerlink" href="#news" title="Link to this heading"></a></h1>
90
+ <ul>
91
+ <li><p>Version 3.2 (January 2025):</p>
92
+ <ul>
93
+ <li><p>An alternative implementation of the length spectrum. It supports verified
94
+ computations and is significantly faster in some cases. See
95
+ <a class="reference internal" href="manifold.html#snappy.Manifold.length_spectrum_alt" title="snappy.Manifold.length_spectrum_alt"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">length_spectrum_alt</span></code></a>
96
+ and
97
+ <a class="reference internal" href="manifold.html#snappy.Manifold.length_spectrum_alt_gen" title="snappy.Manifold.length_spectrum_alt_gen"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">length_spectrum_alt_gen</span></code></a>.</p></li>
98
+ <li><p><a class="reference internal" href="manifold.html#snappy.Manifold.isometry_signature" title="snappy.Manifold.isometry_signature"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">isometry_signature</span></code></a> now also
99
+ works for closed manifolds.</p></li>
100
+ <li><p>A paper plane or eye ball in the
101
+ <a class="reference internal" href="manifold.html#snappy.Manifold.inside_view" title="snappy.Manifold.inside_view"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">inside_view</span></code></a> showing the position
102
+ and bearing of the user in the hyperbolic manifold. By default, we now show
103
+ the paper plane instead of the edges of the triangulation so that the view
104
+ is intrinsic to the manifold. The geodesics window now also features a
105
+ button to put the camera onto a geodesic. Here are some examples:</p>
106
+ <table class="borderless docutils align-default" style="width: 100%">
107
+ <tbody>
108
+ <tr class="row-odd"><td><a class="reference internal image-reference" href="_images/o9_00000_systole_paper_plane.jpg"><img alt="Paper plane near shortest geodesic of o9_00000" class="align-center" src="_images/o9_00000_systole_paper_plane.jpg" style="width: 90%;" />
109
+ </a>
110
+ </td>
111
+ <td><a class="reference internal image-reference" href="_images/o9_00000_systole_paper_plane_closer.jpg"><img alt="Paper plane very near shortest geodesic of o9_00000" class="align-center" src="_images/o9_00000_systole_paper_plane_closer.jpg" style="width: 90%;" />
112
+ </a>
113
+ </td>
114
+ <td><a class="reference internal image-reference" href="_images/m004_paper_plane_on_systole.jpg"><img alt="Paper plane on shortest geodesic of m004" class="align-center" src="_images/m004_paper_plane_on_systole.jpg" style="width: 90%;" />
115
+ </a>
116
+ </td>
117
+ <td><a class="reference internal image-reference" href="_images/m125_paper_plane.jpg"><img alt="Paper plane coming out of a cusp of m125" class="align-center" src="_images/m125_paper_plane.jpg" style="width: 90%;" />
118
+ </a>
119
+ </td>
120
+ </tr>
121
+ </tbody>
122
+ </table>
123
+ </li>
124
+ <li><p>A faster and more robust algorithm to the compute maximal cusp area matrix.
125
+ The new algorithm is now the default for
126
+ <a class="reference internal" href="manifold.html#snappy.Manifold.cusp_area_matrix" title="snappy.Manifold.cusp_area_matrix"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">cusp_area_matrix()</span></code></a>,
127
+ <a class="reference internal" href="manifold.html#snappy.Manifold.cusp_areas" title="snappy.Manifold.cusp_areas"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">cusp_areas()</span></code></a>,
128
+ <a class="reference internal" href="manifold.html#snappy.Manifold.short_slopes" title="snappy.Manifold.short_slopes"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">short_slopes()</span></code></a> and
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+ <a class="reference internal" href="manifold.html#snappy.Manifold.cusp_translations" title="snappy.Manifold.cusp_translations"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">cusp_translations()</span></code></a>.</p></li>
130
+ <li><p>New options <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ignore_curves</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ignore_filling_orientations</span></code>
131
+ for <a class="reference internal" href="triangulation.html#snappy.Triangulation.triangulation_isosig" title="snappy.Triangulation.triangulation_isosig"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">triangulation_isosig()</span></code></a>. Also
132
+ fixing a subtle bug where the filling coefficients returned by
133
+ <a class="reference internal" href="triangulation.html#snappy.Triangulation.triangulation_isosig" title="snappy.Triangulation.triangulation_isosig"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">triangulation_isosig</span></code></a> were
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+ not canonical when <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ignore_curve_orientations</span> <span class="pre">=</span> <span class="pre">True</span></code>.</p></li>
135
+ <li><p><a class="reference internal" href="manifold.html#snappy.Manifold.canonical_retriangulation" title="snappy.Manifold.canonical_retriangulation"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">canonical_retriangulation()</span></code></a>
136
+ and
137
+ <a class="reference internal" href="manifold.html#snappy.Manifold.isometry_signature" title="snappy.Manifold.isometry_signature"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">isometry_signature()</span></code></a> fail with
138
+ exceptions rather than silently returning <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code>. In particular, it now
139
+ safe to compare isometry signatures (without further checks) to determine
140
+ whether M and N are isometric hyperbolic manifolds:</p>
141
+ <div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">M</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">isometry_signature</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">verified</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">N</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">isometry_signature</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">verified</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
142
+ </pre></div>
143
+ </div>
144
+ </li>
145
+ <li><p>Bug fix to <a class="reference internal" href="manifold.html#snappy.Manifold.slice_obstruction_HKL" title="snappy.Manifold.slice_obstruction_HKL"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">slice_obstruction_HKL</span></code></a>: earlier versions
146
+ incorrectly allowed looking at mod 2 homology of the branched
147
+ cover, where the theory does not directly apply.</p></li>
148
+ <li><p>New self-contained SnapPy application for Linux.</p></li>
149
+ <li><p>Support for Python 3.13 and SageMath 10.5.</p></li>
150
+ </ul>
151
+ </li>
152
+ <li><p>Versions 3.1 (May 2023) and 3.1.1 (June 2023):</p>
153
+ <ul class="simple">
154
+ <li><p>A method <a class="reference internal" href="manifold.html#snappy.Manifold.exterior_to_link" title="snappy.Manifold.exterior_to_link"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">exterior_to_link</span></code></a>
155
+ for going from a link exterior to a link diagram taken from
156
+ <a class="reference external" href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.03251">Dunfield-Obeidin-Rudd</a>.</p></li>
157
+ <li><p>Covers now computed by the stand-alone <a class="reference external" href="https://pypi.org/project/low-index/">low_index</a> module, which uses
158
+ multiple processor cores and is typically much faster than the old
159
+ code. In some cases, it is dramatically faster than even GAP or
160
+ Magma.</p></li>
161
+ <li><p>Added geodesics to the <a class="reference internal" href="manifold.html#snappy.Manifold.inside_view" title="snappy.Manifold.inside_view"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">inside_view</span></code></a>.</p></li>
162
+ <li><p>Added drilling any simple geodesic with <a class="reference internal" href="manifold.html#snappy.Manifold.drill_word" title="snappy.Manifold.drill_word"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">drill_word</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="manifold.html#snappy.Manifold.drill_words" title="snappy.Manifold.drill_words"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">drill_words</span></code></a>, not just those that are
163
+ <a class="reference internal" href="manifold.html#snappy.Manifold.dual_curves" title="snappy.Manifold.dual_curves"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">combinatorially</span> <span class="pre">simple</span></code></a>.</p></li>
164
+ <li><p>Added <cite>ignore_orientation</cite> flag to <a class="reference internal" href="triangulation.html#snappy.Triangulation.triangulation_isosig" title="snappy.Triangulation.triangulation_isosig"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">triangulation_isosig</span></code></a>.</p></li>
165
+ <li><p>Added <cite>include_words</cite> flag to <a class="reference internal" href="manifold.html#snappy.Manifold.length_spectrum" title="snappy.Manifold.length_spectrum"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">length_spectrum</span></code></a> for getting the word
166
+ corresponding to a geodesic which can be given to
167
+ <a class="reference internal" href="manifold.html#snappy.Manifold.drill_word" title="snappy.Manifold.drill_word"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">drill_word</span></code></a>.</p></li>
168
+ <li><p>Support for Python 3.11 and SageMath 10.0.</p></li>
169
+ <li><p>Modernized styling of the documentation.</p></li>
170
+ </ul>
171
+ </li>
172
+ <li><p>Version 3.0.3 (December 2021):</p>
173
+ <ul class="simple">
174
+ <li><p>Runs natively on Macs with Apple Silicon processors (M1, M2, and variants).</p></li>
175
+ </ul>
176
+ </li>
177
+ <li><p>Version 3.0.2 (November 2021):</p>
178
+ <ul class="simple">
179
+ <li><p>Support for SageMath 9.4 and 9.5, Python 3.10, and macOS Monterey.</p></li>
180
+ </ul>
181
+ </li>
182
+ <li><p>Version 3.0 (April 2021): New features include:</p>
183
+ <ul class="simple">
184
+ <li><p>Incorporates Zoltán Szabó’s <a class="reference external" href="https://web.math.princeton.edu/~szabo/HFKcalc.html">program</a> for
185
+ computing Knot Floer homology, see <a class="reference internal" href="spherogram.html#spherogram.Link.knot_floer_homology" title="spherogram.Link.knot_floer_homology"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">knot_floer_homology</span></code></a>. This can compute the
186
+ Seifert genus of a 25 crossing knot in mere seconds!</p></li>
187
+ <li><p>Topological slice obstructions of Herald-Kirk-Livingston, see
188
+ <a class="reference internal" href="manifold.html#snappy.Manifold.slice_obstruction_HKL" title="snappy.Manifold.slice_obstruction_HKL"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">slice_obstruction_HKL</span></code></a>.</p></li>
189
+ <li><p>Faster “local” algorithm for <a class="reference internal" href="spherogram.html#spherogram.Link.jones_polynomial" title="spherogram.Link.jones_polynomial"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">jones_polynomial</span></code></a>.</p></li>
190
+ <li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.05840">Cohomology fractals</a> added to
191
+ <a class="reference internal" href="manifold.html#snappy.Manifold.inside_view" title="snappy.Manifold.inside_view"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">inside_view</span></code></a>.</p></li>
192
+ <li><p>Convention changes: Sign of knot signature (now positive knots have
193
+ negative signatures), choice of braid generators (now positive
194
+ generators give positive crossings).</p></li>
195
+ <li><p>Updates to methods <a class="reference internal" href="manifold.html#snappy.Manifold.cusp_translations" title="snappy.Manifold.cusp_translations"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">cusp_translations</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="manifold.html#snappy.Manifold.cusp_areas" title="snappy.Manifold.cusp_areas"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">cusp_areas</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="manifold.html#snappy.Manifold.short_slopes" title="snappy.Manifold.short_slopes"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">short_slopes</span></code></a>. Also <a class="reference internal" href="spherogram.html#spherogram.Link" title="spherogram.Link"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Link</span></code></a>
196
+ now accepts DT codes.</p></li>
197
+ <li><p>Support for SageMath 9.3, Python 3.9, and macOS Big Sur.</p></li>
198
+ <li><p>macOS app now code-signed and notarized.</p></li>
199
+ <li><p>SnapPy now requires Python 3.6 or newer.</p></li>
200
+ </ul>
201
+ </li>
202
+ <li><p>Version 2.8 (June 2020): New features include:</p>
203
+ <ul class="simple">
204
+ <li><p>Raytraced interior views of a hyperbolic 3-manifold via the
205
+ <a class="reference internal" href="manifold.html#snappy.Manifold.inside_view" title="snappy.Manifold.inside_view"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">inside_view</span></code></a> method, see also
206
+ <a class="reference external" href="https://im.icerm.brown.edu/portfolio/snappy-views/">images</a> and
207
+ <a class="reference external" href="https://youtu.be/CAERhmUCkRs">demo video</a>.</p></li>
208
+ <li><p><a class="reference internal" href="verify.html"><span class="doc">Verified computations</span></a>: Several new features:</p>
209
+ <ul>
210
+ <li><p>Complex volume (and thus the Chern-Simons invariant) for both
211
+ cusped and closed manifolds, see
212
+ <a class="reference internal" href="manifold.html#snappy.Manifold.complex_volume" title="snappy.Manifold.complex_volume"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">complex_volume</span></code></a>.</p></li>
213
+ <li><p>Disjoint cusp neighborhoods by the method <a class="reference internal" href="manifold.html#snappy.Manifold.cusp_areas" title="snappy.Manifold.cusp_areas"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">cusp_areas</span></code></a> which uses
214
+ <a class="reference internal" href="manifold.html#snappy.Manifold.cusp_area_matrix" title="snappy.Manifold.cusp_area_matrix"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">cusp_area_matrix</span></code></a>.</p></li>
215
+ <li><p>Cusp shapes (see <a class="reference internal" href="manifold.html#snappy.Manifold.cusp_info" title="snappy.Manifold.cusp_info"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">cusp_info</span></code></a>).</p></li>
216
+ <li><p>Finding all <a class="reference internal" href="manifold.html#snappy.Manifold.short_slopes" title="snappy.Manifold.short_slopes"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">short_slopes</span></code></a>
217
+ in disjoint embedded cusp neighborhoods.</p></li>
218
+ </ul>
219
+ </li>
220
+ <li><p>The census <a class="reference internal" href="censuses.html#snappy.HTLinkExteriors" title="snappy.HTLinkExteriors"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">HTLinkExteriors</span></code></a> has
221
+ been extended to 15 crossing knots (contributed by Malik
222
+ Obeidin).</p></li>
223
+ <li><p>The census <a class="reference internal" href="censuses.html#snappy.CensusKnots" title="snappy.CensusKnots"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">CensusKnots</span></code></a> has been
224
+ extended to triangulations with 9 ideal tetrahedra.</p></li>
225
+ <li><p>Support for SageMath 9.0 and macOS Catalina.</p></li>
226
+ <li><p>Development moved to <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/3-manifolds">GitHub</a>.</p></li>
227
+ </ul>
228
+ </li>
229
+ <li><p>Version 2.7 (July 2019): New features include:</p>
230
+ <ul class="simple">
231
+ <li><p>Python 3 is now recommended over Python 2 on all platforms; the
232
+ default Mac and Windows apps use Python 3 rather than
233
+ Python 2. The only difference most users will notice is that one
234
+ must type <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">print(blah)</span></code> instead of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">print</span> <span class="pre">blah</span></code>.</p></li>
235
+ <li><p><a class="reference external" href="verify.html">Verified computations</a>: performance improvements
236
+ by switching to the Krawczyk test.</p></li>
237
+ <li><p>Support for SageMath 8.8.</p></li>
238
+ <li><p>Installation instructions extensively updated.</p></li>
239
+ <li><p>GUI improvements, especially on macOS. These include improved
240
+ support for dark mode and tabs on macOS Mojave and preliminary
241
+ support for macOS Catalina.</p></li>
242
+ </ul>
243
+ </li>
244
+ <li><p>Version 2.6.1 (August 2018): New features include:</p>
245
+ <ul class="simple">
246
+ <li><p>Support for SageMath 8.3, Python 3.7, and macOS Mojave.</p></li>
247
+ <li><p>Computing <a class="reference external" href="additional_classes.html#snappy.HolonomyGroup.character_variety_vars_and_polys">ideals defining SL(2, C) character varieties.</a>
248
+ Contributed by Jean-Philippe Burelle, based on <a class="reference external" href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1703.08241">this paper</a>.</p></li>
249
+ <li><p>Many bug fixes.</p></li>
250
+ </ul>
251
+ </li>
252
+ <li><p>Version 2.6 (Nov 2017): New features include:</p>
253
+ <ul class="simple">
254
+ <li><p>Support for macOS High Sierra, SageMath 8.1, and Windows systems
255
+ using non-Latin alphabets.</p></li>
256
+ <li><p>Many bug fixes, including improved Python 3 support.</p></li>
257
+ </ul>
258
+ </li>
259
+ <li><p>Version 2.5 (Feb 2017): New features include:</p>
260
+ <ul class="simple">
261
+ <li><p>Rigorous computation of <a class="reference external" href="manifold.html#snappy.Manifold.volume">hyperbolic volume</a>.</p></li>
262
+ <li><p>STL export of Dirichlet domains for 3D printing, contributed by
263
+ Jose Sanchez.</p></li>
264
+ <li><p>Support for Python 3, SageMath 7.5, 7.6, and 8.0, and many more
265
+ versions of Python on Windows.</p></li>
266
+ <li><p>Much improved infrastructure for testing and distributing SnapPy.</p></li>
267
+ </ul>
268
+ </li>
269
+ <li><p>Version 2.4 (May 2016): New features include:</p>
270
+ <ul class="simple">
271
+ <li><p>Added <a class="reference external" href="platonic_census.html">census of Platonic manifolds</a>.</p></li>
272
+ <li><p>Rigorous computation of <a class="reference external" href="manifold.html#snappy.Manifold.cusp_translations">cusp translations</a>.</p></li>
273
+ <li><p>Added decorations to <a class="reference external" href="manifold.html#snappy.Manifold.triangulation_isosig">triangulation isomorphism signatures</a> for
274
+ encoding peripheral curves.</p></li>
275
+ <li><p>Faster verification of non-tetrahedral canonical cell decompositions.</p></li>
276
+ <li><p>Improvements to the <a class="reference external" href="spherogram.html">link and planar diagram component</a>, mostly contributed by Malik Obeidin, include:</p>
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+ <ul>
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+ <li><p>Bar-Natan’s super-fast <a class="reference external" href="http://www.math.toronto.edu/drorbn/Talks/Aarhus-1507/">tangle-based algorithm</a> for
279
+ computing the Alexander polynomial.</p></li>
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+ <li><p>Can now compute the <a class="reference external" href="spherogram.html#spherogram.Link.seifert_matrix">Seifert matrix</a> and express a
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+ link as a <a class="reference external" href="spherogram.html#spherogram.Link.braid_word">braid closure</a>.</p></li>
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+ <li><p>Conversion to/from <a class="reference external" href="spherogram.html#spherogram.Link.sage_link">SageMath links and braids</a>.</p></li>
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+ <li><p>Many under-the-hood improvements.</p></li>
284
+ </ul>
285
+ </li>
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+ <li><p>New Windows installer.</p></li>
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+ </ul>
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+ </li>
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+ <li><p>Version 2.3 (March 2015): New features include:</p>
290
+ <ul class="simple">
291
+ <li><p>Major improvements to the <a class="reference external" href="spherogram.html">link and planar diagram component</a>, including link simplification, random links,
292
+ and better documentation.</p></li>
293
+ <li><p>Basic support for <a class="reference external" href="manifold.html#snappy.Manifold.normal_boundary_slopes">spun normal surfaces</a>.</p></li>
294
+ <li><p>New extra features when used inside of Sage:</p>
295
+ <ul>
296
+ <li><p>HIKMOT-style <a class="reference external" href="verify.html">rigorous verification of hyperbolic structures</a>,
297
+ contributed by Matthias Goerner.</p></li>
298
+ <li><p>Many <a class="reference external" href="spherogram.html#the-link-class">basic knot/link invariants</a>, contributed by Robert
299
+ Lipschitz and Jennet Dickinson.</p></li>
300
+ <li><p>Sage-specific functions are now more easily accessible as
301
+ methods of Manifold and better documented.</p></li>
302
+ <li><p>Improved number field recognition, thanks to Matthias.</p></li>
303
+ </ul>
304
+ </li>
305
+ <li><p>Better compatibility with OS X Yosemite and Windows 8.1.</p></li>
306
+ <li><p>Development changes:</p>
307
+ <ul>
308
+ <li><p>Major source code reorganization/cleanup.</p></li>
309
+ <li><p>Source code repository moved to <a class="reference external" href="https://bitbucket.org/t3m">Bitbucket</a>.</p></li>
310
+ <li><p>Python modules now hosted on <a class="reference external" href="https://pypi.python.org/pypi">PyPI</a>, simplifying <a class="reference external" href="installing.html">installation</a>.</p></li>
311
+ </ul>
312
+ </li>
313
+ </ul>
314
+ </li>
315
+ <li><p>Version 2.2 (June 2014): Includes Ben Burton’s <a class="reference external" href="http://arxiv.org/abs/1405.2695">census of
316
+ orientable cusped manifolds with 9 tetrahedra.</a></p></li>
317
+ <li><p>Version 2.1 (February 2014): New <a class="reference external" href="manifoldhp.html">high-precision manifolds
318
+ (ManifoldHP)</a> which compute hyperbolic structures
319
+ (and everything related) in <a class="reference external" href="http://web.mit.edu/tabbott/Public/quaddouble-debian/qd-2.3.4-old/docs/qd.pdf">quad-double (212 bit)</a>
320
+ precision.</p></li>
321
+ <li><p>Version 2.0 (September 2013): Many new features, including:</p>
322
+ <ul class="simple">
323
+ <li><p>A <a class="reference external" href="manifold.html#snappy.Manifold.browse">manifold browser</a>
324
+ window for easily examining a particular manifold.</p></li>
325
+ <li><p>Many improvements to the <a class="reference external" href="plink.html#using-snappy-s-link-editor">link editor</a>, including</p>
326
+ <ul>
327
+ <li><p>A smoothed view mode with image export to EPS/PDF/SVG/TikZ.</p></li>
328
+ <li><p>Producing a fully editable link from combinatorial data like a DT
329
+ code.</p></li>
330
+ </ul>
331
+ </li>
332
+ <li><p><a class="reference external" href="manifold.html#snappy.Manifold.split">Splitting manifolds</a> along surfaces of non-negative euler
333
+ characteristic.</p></li>
334
+ <li><p>Generalizing the ptolemy obstruction class to allow computation of
335
+ PGL(3,C)-representations and improving usability of the <a class="reference external" href="http://www.unhyperbolic.org/ptolemy.html">ptolemy module</a>.</p></li>
336
+ <li><p><a class="reference external" href="censuses.html#snappy.CensusKnots">CensusKnots</a> now includes
337
+ knot exteriors with 8 tetrahedra.</p></li>
338
+ </ul>
339
+ </li>
340
+ <li><p>Version 1.8 (May 2013) improves handling of DT codes and adds the
341
+ <a class="reference external" href="censuses.html#snappy.HTLinkExteriors">HTLinkExteriors</a> census,
342
+ which provides identification for knots and links up to 14 crossings.</p></li>
343
+ <li><p>Version 1.7 (November 2012) incorporates the <a class="reference external" href="http://www.unhyperbolic.org/ptolemy.html">ptolemy module</a> for studying
344
+ representations of 3-manifold groups into pSL(<em>N</em>, <strong>C</strong>).</p></li>
345
+ <li><p>Version 1.6 (August 2012) includes a <a class="reference external" href="spherogram.html">new way to make links</a> and some support for <a class="reference external" href="snap.html">arbitrary precision calculation</a>.</p></li>
346
+ <li><p>Version 1.5 (February 2012) includes <a class="reference external" href="censuses.html">much improved manifold
347
+ censuses</a>.</p></li>
348
+ <li><p>Version 1.4 (December 2011) uses the current release of IPython, which has been completely rewritten.</p></li>
349
+ <li><p>Version 1.3.10 (July 2011) incorporates <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/MarkCBell/twister/">Twister</a>.</p></li>
350
+ <li><p>Version 1.3 (February 2011) has a completely redesigned cusp horoball viewer and many bug fixes!</p></li>
351
+ <li><p>Version 1.2 (December 2010).</p></li>
352
+ <li><p>Version 1.1 (February 2010).</p></li>
353
+ <li><p>Version 1.0 (August 2009) Initial version.</p></li>
354
+ </ul>
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+ </section>
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+
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+
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+ </div>
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+ </div>
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+ <footer><div class="rst-footer-buttons" role="navigation" aria-label="Footer">
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+ <a href="ptolemy_classes.html" class="btn btn-neutral float-left" title="Classes" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><span class="fa fa-arrow-circle-left" aria-hidden="true"></span> Previous</a>
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+ </div>
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+
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+ <hr/>
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+ <div role="contentinfo">
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+ <p>&#169; Copyright 2009-2025, by Marc Culler, Nathan Dunfield, Matthias Goerner, Jeffrey Weeks and others.</p>
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+ </div>
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+ Built with <a href="https://www.sphinx-doc.org/">Sphinx</a> using a
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+ <a href="https://github.com/readthedocs/sphinx_rtd_theme">theme</a>
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snappy/doc/objects.inv ADDED
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