numpy 2.4.0__cp313-cp313t-musllinux_1_2_aarch64.whl

numpy/lib/_nanfunctions_impl.py

@@ -0,0 +1,2001 @@
+"""
+Functions that ignore NaN.
+
+Functions
+---------
+
+- `nanmin` -- minimum non-NaN value
+- `nanmax` -- maximum non-NaN value
+- `nanargmin` -- index of minimum non-NaN value
+- `nanargmax` -- index of maximum non-NaN value
+- `nansum` -- sum of non-NaN values
+- `nanprod` -- product of non-NaN values
+- `nancumsum` -- cumulative sum of non-NaN values
+- `nancumprod` -- cumulative product of non-NaN values
+- `nanmean` -- mean of non-NaN values
+- `nanvar` -- variance of non-NaN values
+- `nanstd` -- standard deviation of non-NaN values
+- `nanmedian` -- median of non-NaN values
+- `nanquantile` -- qth quantile of non-NaN values
+- `nanpercentile` -- qth percentile of non-NaN values
+
+"""
+import functools
+import warnings
+
+import numpy as np
+import numpy._core.numeric as _nx
+from numpy._core import overrides
+from numpy.lib import _function_base_impl as fnb
+from numpy.lib._function_base_impl import _weights_are_valid
+
+array_function_dispatch = functools.partial(
+    overrides.array_function_dispatch, module='numpy')
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    'nansum', 'nanmax', 'nanmin', 'nanargmax', 'nanargmin', 'nanmean',
+    'nanmedian', 'nanpercentile', 'nanvar', 'nanstd', 'nanprod',
+    'nancumsum', 'nancumprod', 'nanquantile'
+    ]
+
+
+def _nan_mask(a, out=None):
+    """
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    a : array-like
+        Input array with at least 1 dimension.
+    out : ndarray, optional
+        Alternate output array in which to place the result.  The default
+        is ``None``; if provided, it must have the same shape as the
+        expected output and will prevent the allocation of a new array.
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    y : bool ndarray or True
+        A bool array where ``np.nan`` positions are marked with ``False``
+        and other positions are marked with ``True``. If the type of ``a``
+        is such that it can't possibly contain ``np.nan``, returns ``True``.
+    """
+    # we assume that a is an array for this private function
+
+    if a.dtype.kind not in 'fc':
+        return True
+
+    y = np.isnan(a, out=out)
+    y = np.invert(y, out=y)
+    return y
+
+def _replace_nan(a, val):
+    """
+    If `a` is of inexact type, make a copy of `a`, replace NaNs with
+    the `val` value, and return the copy together with a boolean mask
+    marking the locations where NaNs were present. If `a` is not of
+    inexact type, do nothing and return `a` together with a mask of None.
+
+    Note that scalars will end up as array scalars, which is important
+    for using the result as the value of the out argument in some
+    operations.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    a : array-like
+        Input array.
+    val : float
+        NaN values are set to val before doing the operation.
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    y : ndarray
+        If `a` is of inexact type, return a copy of `a` with the NaNs
+        replaced by the fill value, otherwise return `a`.
+    mask: {bool, None}
+        If `a` is of inexact type, return a boolean mask marking locations of
+        NaNs, otherwise return None.
+
+    """
+    a = np.asanyarray(a)
+
+    if a.dtype == np.object_:
+        # object arrays do not support `isnan` (gh-9009), so make a guess
+        mask = np.not_equal(a, a, dtype=bool)
+    elif issubclass(a.dtype.type, np.inexact):
+        mask = np.isnan(a)
+    else:
+        mask = None
+
+    if mask is not None:
+        a = np.array(a, subok=True, copy=True)
+        np.copyto(a, val, where=mask)
+
+    return a, mask
+
+
+def _copyto(a, val, mask):
+    """
+    Replace values in `a` with NaN where `mask` is True.  This differs from
+    copyto in that it will deal with the case where `a` is a numpy scalar.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    a : ndarray or numpy scalar
+        Array or numpy scalar some of whose values are to be replaced
+        by val.
+    val : numpy scalar
+        Value used a replacement.
+    mask : ndarray, scalar
+        Boolean array. Where True the corresponding element of `a` is
+        replaced by `val`. Broadcasts.
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    res : ndarray, scalar
+        Array with elements replaced or scalar `val`.
+
+    """
+    if isinstance(a, np.ndarray):
+        np.copyto(a, val, where=mask, casting='unsafe')
+    else:
+        a = a.dtype.type(val)
+    return a
+
+
+def _remove_nan_1d(arr1d, second_arr1d=None, overwrite_input=False):
+    """
+    Equivalent to arr1d[~arr1d.isnan()], but in a different order
+
+    Presumably faster as it incurs fewer copies
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    arr1d : ndarray
+        Array to remove nans from
+    second_arr1d : ndarray or None
+        A second array which will have the same positions removed as arr1d.
+    overwrite_input : bool
+        True if `arr1d` can be modified in place
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    res : ndarray
+        Array with nan elements removed
+    second_res : ndarray or None
+        Second array with nan element positions of first array removed.
+    overwrite_input : bool
+        True if `res` can be modified in place, given the constraint on the
+        input
+    """
+    if arr1d.dtype == object:
+        # object arrays do not support `isnan` (gh-9009), so make a guess
+        c = np.not_equal(arr1d, arr1d, dtype=bool)
+    else:
+        c = np.isnan(arr1d)
+
+    s = np.nonzero(c)[0]
+    if s.size == arr1d.size:
+        warnings.warn("All-NaN slice encountered", RuntimeWarning,
+                      stacklevel=6)
+        if second_arr1d is None:
+            return arr1d[:0], None, True
+        else:
+            return arr1d[:0], second_arr1d[:0], True
+    elif s.size == 0:
+        return arr1d, second_arr1d, overwrite_input
+    else:
+        if not overwrite_input:
+            arr1d = arr1d.copy()
+        # select non-nans at end of array
+        enonan = arr1d[-s.size:][~c[-s.size:]]
+        # fill nans in beginning of array with non-nans of end
+        arr1d[s[:enonan.size]] = enonan
+
+        if second_arr1d is None:
+            return arr1d[:-s.size], None, True
+        else:
+            if not overwrite_input:
+                second_arr1d = second_arr1d.copy()
+            enonan = second_arr1d[-s.size:][~c[-s.size:]]
+            second_arr1d[s[:enonan.size]] = enonan
+
+            return arr1d[:-s.size], second_arr1d[:-s.size], True
+
+
+def _divide_by_count(a, b, out=None):
+    """
+    Compute a/b ignoring invalid results. If `a` is an array the division
+    is done in place. If `a` is a scalar, then its type is preserved in the
+    output. If out is None, then a is used instead so that the division
+    is in place. Note that this is only called with `a` an inexact type.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    a : {ndarray, numpy scalar}
+        Numerator. Expected to be of inexact type but not checked.
+    b : {ndarray, numpy scalar}
+        Denominator.
+    out : ndarray, optional
+        Alternate output array in which to place the result.  The default
+        is ``None``; if provided, it must have the same shape as the
+        expected output, but the type will be cast if necessary.
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    ret : {ndarray, numpy scalar}
+        The return value is a/b. If `a` was an ndarray the division is done
+        in place. If `a` is a numpy scalar, the division preserves its type.
+
+    """
+    with np.errstate(invalid='ignore', divide='ignore'):
+        if isinstance(a, np.ndarray):
+            if out is None:
+                return np.divide(a, b, out=a, casting='unsafe')
+            else:
+                return np.divide(a, b, out=out, casting='unsafe')
+        elif out is None:
+            # Precaution against reduced object arrays
+            try:
+                return a.dtype.type(a / b)
+            except AttributeError:
+                return a / b
+        else:
+            # This is questionable, but currently a numpy scalar can
+            # be output to a zero dimensional array.
+            return np.divide(a, b, out=out, casting='unsafe')
+
+
+def _nanmin_dispatcher(a, axis=None, out=None, keepdims=None,
+                       initial=None, where=None):
+    return (a, out)
+
+
+@array_function_dispatch(_nanmin_dispatcher)
+def nanmin(a, axis=None, out=None, keepdims=np._NoValue, initial=np._NoValue,
+           where=np._NoValue):
+    """
+    Return minimum of an array or minimum along an axis, ignoring any NaNs.
+    When all-NaN slices are encountered a ``RuntimeWarning`` is raised and
+    Nan is returned for that slice.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    a : array_like
+        Array containing numbers whose minimum is desired. If `a` is not an
+        array, a conversion is attempted.
+    axis : {int, tuple of int, None}, optional
+        Axis or axes along which the minimum is computed. The default is to compute
+        the minimum of the flattened array.
+    out : ndarray, optional
+        Alternate output array in which to place the result.  The default
+        is ``None``; if provided, it must have the same shape as the
+        expected output, but the type will be cast if necessary. See
+        :ref:`ufuncs-output-type` for more details.
+    keepdims : bool, optional
+        If this is set to True, the axes which are reduced are left
+        in the result as dimensions with size one. With this option,
+        the result will broadcast correctly against the original `a`.
+
+        If the value is anything but the default, then
+        `keepdims` will be passed through to the `min` method
+        of sub-classes of `ndarray`.  If the sub-classes methods
+        does not implement `keepdims` any exceptions will be raised.
+    initial : scalar, optional
+        The maximum value of an output element. Must be present to allow
+        computation on empty slice. See `~numpy.ufunc.reduce` for details.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.22.0
+    where : array_like of bool, optional
+        Elements to compare for the minimum. See `~numpy.ufunc.reduce`
+        for details.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.22.0
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    nanmin : ndarray
+        An array with the same shape as `a`, with the specified axis
+        removed.  If `a` is a 0-d array, or if axis is None, an ndarray
+        scalar is returned.  The same dtype as `a` is returned.
+
+    See Also
+    --------
+    nanmax :
+        The maximum value of an array along a given axis, ignoring any NaNs.
+    amin :
+        The minimum value of an array along a given axis, propagating any NaNs.
+    fmin :
+        Element-wise minimum of two arrays, ignoring any NaNs.
+    minimum :
+        Element-wise minimum of two arrays, propagating any NaNs.
+    isnan :
+        Shows which elements are Not a Number (NaN).
+    isfinite:
+        Shows which elements are neither NaN nor infinity.
+
+    amax, fmax, maximum
+
+    Notes
+    -----
+    NumPy uses the IEEE Standard for Binary Floating-Point for Arithmetic
+    (IEEE 754). This means that Not a Number is not equivalent to infinity.
+    Positive infinity is treated as a very large number and negative
+    infinity is treated as a very small (i.e. negative) number.
+
+    If the input has a integer type the function is equivalent to np.min.
+
+    Examples
+    --------
+    >>> import numpy as np
+    >>> a = np.array([[1, 2], [3, np.nan]])
+    >>> np.nanmin(a)
+    1.0
+    >>> np.nanmin(a, axis=0)
+    array([1.,  2.])
+    >>> np.nanmin(a, axis=1)
+    array([1.,  3.])
+
+    When positive infinity and negative infinity are present:
+
+    >>> np.nanmin([1, 2, np.nan, np.inf])
+    1.0
+    >>> np.nanmin([1, 2, np.nan, -np.inf])
+    -inf
+
+    """
+    kwargs = {}
+    if keepdims is not np._NoValue:
+        kwargs['keepdims'] = keepdims
+    if initial is not np._NoValue:
+        kwargs['initial'] = initial
+    if where is not np._NoValue:
+        kwargs['where'] = where
+
+    if (type(a) is np.ndarray or type(a) is np.memmap) and a.dtype != np.object_:
+        # Fast, but not safe for subclasses of ndarray, or object arrays,
+        # which do not implement isnan (gh-9009), or fmin correctly (gh-8975)
+        res = np.fmin.reduce(a, axis=axis, out=out, **kwargs)
+        if np.isnan(res).any():
+            warnings.warn("All-NaN slice encountered", RuntimeWarning,
+                          stacklevel=2)
+    else:
+        # Slow, but safe for subclasses of ndarray
+        a, mask = _replace_nan(a, +np.inf)
+        res = np.amin(a, axis=axis, out=out, **kwargs)
+        if mask is None:
+            return res
+
+        # Check for all-NaN axis
+        kwargs.pop("initial", None)
+        mask = np.all(mask, axis=axis, **kwargs)
+        if np.any(mask):
+            res = _copyto(res, np.nan, mask)
+            warnings.warn("All-NaN axis encountered", RuntimeWarning,
+                          stacklevel=2)
+    return res
+
+
+def _nanmax_dispatcher(a, axis=None, out=None, keepdims=None,
+                       initial=None, where=None):
+    return (a, out)
+
+
+@array_function_dispatch(_nanmax_dispatcher)
+def nanmax(a, axis=None, out=None, keepdims=np._NoValue, initial=np._NoValue,
+           where=np._NoValue):
+    """
+    Return the maximum of an array or maximum along an axis, ignoring any
+    NaNs.  When all-NaN slices are encountered a ``RuntimeWarning`` is
+    raised and NaN is returned for that slice.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    a : array_like
+        Array containing numbers whose maximum is desired. If `a` is not an
+        array, a conversion is attempted.
+    axis : {int, tuple of int, None}, optional
+        Axis or axes along which the maximum is computed. The default is to compute
+        the maximum of the flattened array.
+    out : ndarray, optional
+        Alternate output array in which to place the result.  The default
+        is ``None``; if provided, it must have the same shape as the
+        expected output, but the type will be cast if necessary. See
+        :ref:`ufuncs-output-type` for more details.
+    keepdims : bool, optional
+        If this is set to True, the axes which are reduced are left
+        in the result as dimensions with size one. With this option,
+        the result will broadcast correctly against the original `a`.
+        If the value is anything but the default, then
+        `keepdims` will be passed through to the `max` method
+        of sub-classes of `ndarray`.  If the sub-classes methods
+        does not implement `keepdims` any exceptions will be raised.
+    initial : scalar, optional
+        The minimum value of an output element. Must be present to allow
+        computation on empty slice. See `~numpy.ufunc.reduce` for details.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.22.0
+    where : array_like of bool, optional
+        Elements to compare for the maximum. See `~numpy.ufunc.reduce`
+        for details.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.22.0
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    nanmax : ndarray
+        An array with the same shape as `a`, with the specified axis removed.
+        If `a` is a 0-d array, or if axis is None, an ndarray scalar is
+        returned.  The same dtype as `a` is returned.
+
+    See Also
+    --------
+    nanmin :
+        The minimum value of an array along a given axis, ignoring any NaNs.
+    amax :
+        The maximum value of an array along a given axis, propagating any NaNs.
+    fmax :
+        Element-wise maximum of two arrays, ignoring any NaNs.
+    maximum :
+        Element-wise maximum of two arrays, propagating any NaNs.
+    isnan :
+        Shows which elements are Not a Number (NaN).
+    isfinite:
+        Shows which elements are neither NaN nor infinity.
+
+    amin, fmin, minimum
+
+    Notes
+    -----
+    NumPy uses the IEEE Standard for Binary Floating-Point for Arithmetic
+    (IEEE 754). This means that Not a Number is not equivalent to infinity.
+    Positive infinity is treated as a very large number and negative
+    infinity is treated as a very small (i.e. negative) number.
+
+    If the input has a integer type the function is equivalent to np.max.
+
+    Examples
+    --------
+    >>> import numpy as np
+    >>> a = np.array([[1, 2], [3, np.nan]])
+    >>> np.nanmax(a)
+    3.0
+    >>> np.nanmax(a, axis=0)
+    array([3.,  2.])
+    >>> np.nanmax(a, axis=1)
+    array([2.,  3.])
+
+    When positive infinity and negative infinity are present:
+
+    >>> np.nanmax([1, 2, np.nan, -np.inf])
+    2.0
+    >>> np.nanmax([1, 2, np.nan, np.inf])
+    inf
+
+    """
+    kwargs = {}
+    if keepdims is not np._NoValue:
+        kwargs['keepdims'] = keepdims
+    if initial is not np._NoValue:
+        kwargs['initial'] = initial
+    if where is not np._NoValue:
+        kwargs['where'] = where
+
+    if (type(a) is np.ndarray or type(a) is np.memmap) and a.dtype != np.object_:
+        # Fast, but not safe for subclasses of ndarray, or object arrays,
+        # which do not implement isnan (gh-9009), or fmax correctly (gh-8975)
+        res = np.fmax.reduce(a, axis=axis, out=out, **kwargs)
+        if np.isnan(res).any():
+            warnings.warn("All-NaN slice encountered", RuntimeWarning,
+                          stacklevel=2)
+    else:
+        # Slow, but safe for subclasses of ndarray
+        a, mask = _replace_nan(a, -np.inf)
+        res = np.amax(a, axis=axis, out=out, **kwargs)
+        if mask is None:
+            return res
+
+        # Check for all-NaN axis
+        kwargs.pop("initial", None)
+        mask = np.all(mask, axis=axis, **kwargs)
+        if np.any(mask):
+            res = _copyto(res, np.nan, mask)
+            warnings.warn("All-NaN axis encountered", RuntimeWarning,
+                          stacklevel=2)
+    return res
+
+
+def _nanargmin_dispatcher(a, axis=None, out=None, *, keepdims=None):
+    return (a,)
+
+
+@array_function_dispatch(_nanargmin_dispatcher)
+def nanargmin(a, axis=None, out=None, *, keepdims=np._NoValue):
+    """
+    Return the indices of the minimum values in the specified axis ignoring
+    NaNs. For all-NaN slices ``ValueError`` is raised. Warning: the results
+    cannot be trusted if a slice contains only NaNs and Infs.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    a : array_like
+        Input data.
+    axis : int, optional
+        Axis along which to operate.  By default flattened input is used.
+    out : array, optional
+        If provided, the result will be inserted into this array. It should
+        be of the appropriate shape and dtype.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.22.0
+    keepdims : bool, optional
+        If this is set to True, the axes which are reduced are left
+        in the result as dimensions with size one. With this option,
+        the result will broadcast correctly against the array.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.22.0
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    index_array : ndarray
+        An array of indices or a single index value.
+
+    See Also
+    --------
+    argmin, nanargmax
+
+    Examples
+    --------
+    >>> import numpy as np
+    >>> a = np.array([[np.nan, 4], [2, 3]])
+    >>> np.argmin(a)
+    0
+    >>> np.nanargmin(a)
+    2
+    >>> np.nanargmin(a, axis=0)
+    array([1, 1])
+    >>> np.nanargmin(a, axis=1)
+    array([1, 0])
+
+    """
+    a, mask = _replace_nan(a, np.inf)
+    if mask is not None and mask.size:
+        mask = np.all(mask, axis=axis)
+        if np.any(mask):
+            raise ValueError("All-NaN slice encountered")
+    res = np.argmin(a, axis=axis, out=out, keepdims=keepdims)
+    return res
+
+
+def _nanargmax_dispatcher(a, axis=None, out=None, *, keepdims=None):
+    return (a,)
+
+
+@array_function_dispatch(_nanargmax_dispatcher)
+def nanargmax(a, axis=None, out=None, *, keepdims=np._NoValue):
+    """
+    Return the indices of the maximum values in the specified axis ignoring
+    NaNs. For all-NaN slices ``ValueError`` is raised. Warning: the
+    results cannot be trusted if a slice contains only NaNs and -Infs.
+
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    a : array_like
+        Input data.
+    axis : int, optional
+        Axis along which to operate.  By default flattened input is used.
+    out : array, optional
+        If provided, the result will be inserted into this array. It should
+        be of the appropriate shape and dtype.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.22.0
+    keepdims : bool, optional
+        If this is set to True, the axes which are reduced are left
+        in the result as dimensions with size one. With this option,
+        the result will broadcast correctly against the array.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.22.0
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    index_array : ndarray
+        An array of indices or a single index value.
+
+    See Also
+    --------
+    argmax, nanargmin
+
+    Examples
+    --------
+    >>> import numpy as np
+    >>> a = np.array([[np.nan, 4], [2, 3]])
+    >>> np.argmax(a)
+    0
+    >>> np.nanargmax(a)
+    1
+    >>> np.nanargmax(a, axis=0)
+    array([1, 0])
+    >>> np.nanargmax(a, axis=1)
+    array([1, 1])
+
+    """
+    a, mask = _replace_nan(a, -np.inf)
+    if mask is not None and mask.size:
+        mask = np.all(mask, axis=axis)
+        if np.any(mask):
+            raise ValueError("All-NaN slice encountered")
+    res = np.argmax(a, axis=axis, out=out, keepdims=keepdims)
+    return res
+
+
+def _nansum_dispatcher(a, axis=None, dtype=None, out=None, keepdims=None,
+                       initial=None, where=None):
+    return (a, out)
+
+
+@array_function_dispatch(_nansum_dispatcher)
+def nansum(a, axis=None, dtype=None, out=None, keepdims=np._NoValue,
+           initial=np._NoValue, where=np._NoValue):
+    """
+    Return the sum of array elements over a given axis treating Not a
+    Numbers (NaNs) as zero.
+
+    In NumPy versions <= 1.9.0 Nan is returned for slices that are all-NaN or
+    empty. In later versions zero is returned.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    a : array_like
+        Array containing numbers whose sum is desired. If `a` is not an
+        array, a conversion is attempted.
+    axis : {int, tuple of int, None}, optional
+        Axis or axes along which the sum is computed. The default is to compute the
+        sum of the flattened array.
+    dtype : data-type, optional
+        The type of the returned array and of the accumulator in which the
+        elements are summed.  By default, the dtype of `a` is used.  An
+        exception is when `a` has an integer type with less precision than
+        the platform (u)intp. In that case, the default will be either
+        (u)int32 or (u)int64 depending on whether the platform is 32 or 64
+        bits. For inexact inputs, dtype must be inexact.
+    out : ndarray, optional
+        Alternate output array in which to place the result.  The default
+        is ``None``. If provided, it must have the same shape as the
+        expected output, but the type will be cast if necessary.  See
+        :ref:`ufuncs-output-type` for more details. The casting of NaN to integer
+        can yield unexpected results.
+    keepdims : bool, optional
+        If this is set to True, the axes which are reduced are left
+        in the result as dimensions with size one. With this option,
+        the result will broadcast correctly against the original `a`.
+
+        If the value is anything but the default, then
+        `keepdims` will be passed through to the `mean` or `sum` methods
+        of sub-classes of `ndarray`.  If the sub-classes methods
+        does not implement `keepdims` any exceptions will be raised.
+    initial : scalar, optional
+        Starting value for the sum. See `~numpy.ufunc.reduce` for details.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.22.0
+    where : array_like of bool, optional
+        Elements to include in the sum. See `~numpy.ufunc.reduce` for details.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.22.0
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    nansum : ndarray.
+        A new array holding the result is returned unless `out` is
+        specified, in which it is returned. The result has the same
+        size as `a`, and the same shape as `a` if `axis` is not None
+        or `a` is a 1-d array.
+
+    See Also
+    --------
+    numpy.sum : Sum across array propagating NaNs.
+    isnan : Show which elements are NaN.
+    isfinite : Show which elements are not NaN or +/-inf.
+
+    Notes
+    -----
+    If both positive and negative infinity are present, the sum will be Not
+    A Number (NaN).
+
+    Examples
+    --------
+    >>> import numpy as np
+    >>> np.nansum(1)
+    1
+    >>> np.nansum([1])
+    1
+    >>> np.nansum([1, np.nan])
+    1.0
+    >>> a = np.array([[1, 1], [1, np.nan]])
+    >>> np.nansum(a)
+    3.0
+    >>> np.nansum(a, axis=0)
+    array([2.,  1.])
+    >>> np.nansum([1, np.nan, np.inf])
+    inf
+    >>> np.nansum([1, np.nan, -np.inf])
+    -inf
+    >>> with np.errstate(invalid="ignore"):
+    ...     np.nansum([1, np.nan, np.inf, -np.inf]) # both +/- infinity present
+    np.float64(nan)
+
+    """
+    a, mask = _replace_nan(a, 0)
+    return np.sum(a, axis=axis, dtype=dtype, out=out, keepdims=keepdims,
+                  initial=initial, where=where)
+
+
+def _nanprod_dispatcher(a, axis=None, dtype=None, out=None, keepdims=None,
+                        initial=None, where=None):
+    return (a, out)
+
+
+@array_function_dispatch(_nanprod_dispatcher)
+def nanprod(a, axis=None, dtype=None, out=None, keepdims=np._NoValue,
+            initial=np._NoValue, where=np._NoValue):
+    """
+    Return the product of array elements over a given axis treating Not a
+    Numbers (NaNs) as ones.
+
+    One is returned for slices that are all-NaN or empty.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    a : array_like
+        Array containing numbers whose product is desired. If `a` is not an
+        array, a conversion is attempted.
+    axis : {int, tuple of int, None}, optional
+        Axis or axes along which the product is computed. The default is to compute
+        the product of the flattened array.
+    dtype : data-type, optional
+        The type of the returned array and of the accumulator in which the
+        elements are summed.  By default, the dtype of `a` is used.  An
+        exception is when `a` has an integer type with less precision than
+        the platform (u)intp. In that case, the default will be either
+        (u)int32 or (u)int64 depending on whether the platform is 32 or 64
+        bits. For inexact inputs, dtype must be inexact.
+    out : ndarray, optional
+        Alternate output array in which to place the result.  The default
+        is ``None``. If provided, it must have the same shape as the
+        expected output, but the type will be cast if necessary. See
+        :ref:`ufuncs-output-type` for more details. The casting of NaN to integer
+        can yield unexpected results.
+    keepdims : bool, optional
+        If True, the axes which are reduced are left in the result as
+        dimensions with size one. With this option, the result will
+        broadcast correctly against the original `arr`.
+    initial : scalar, optional
+        The starting value for this product. See `~numpy.ufunc.reduce`
+        for details.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.22.0
+    where : array_like of bool, optional
+        Elements to include in the product. See `~numpy.ufunc.reduce`
+        for details.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.22.0
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    nanprod : ndarray
+        A new array holding the result is returned unless `out` is
+        specified, in which case it is returned.
+
+    See Also
+    --------
+    numpy.prod : Product across array propagating NaNs.
+    isnan : Show which elements are NaN.
+
+    Examples
+    --------
+    >>> import numpy as np
+    >>> np.nanprod(1)
+    1
+    >>> np.nanprod([1])
+    1
+    >>> np.nanprod([1, np.nan])
+    1.0
+    >>> a = np.array([[1, 2], [3, np.nan]])
+    >>> np.nanprod(a)
+    6.0
+    >>> np.nanprod(a, axis=0)
+    array([3., 2.])
+
+    """
+    a, mask = _replace_nan(a, 1)
+    return np.prod(a, axis=axis, dtype=dtype, out=out, keepdims=keepdims,
+                   initial=initial, where=where)
+
+
+def _nancumsum_dispatcher(a, axis=None, dtype=None, out=None):
+    return (a, out)
+
+
+@array_function_dispatch(_nancumsum_dispatcher)
+def nancumsum(a, axis=None, dtype=None, out=None):
+    """
+    Return the cumulative sum of array elements over a given axis treating Not a
+    Numbers (NaNs) as zero.  The cumulative sum does not change when NaNs are
+    encountered and leading NaNs are replaced by zeros.
+
+    Zeros are returned for slices that are all-NaN or empty.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    a : array_like
+        Input array.
+    axis : int, optional
+        Axis along which the cumulative sum is computed. The default
+        (None) is to compute the cumsum over the flattened array.
+    dtype : dtype, optional
+        Type of the returned array and of the accumulator in which the
+        elements are summed.  If `dtype` is not specified, it defaults
+        to the dtype of `a`, unless `a` has an integer dtype with a
+        precision less than that of the default platform integer.  In
+        that case, the default platform integer is used.
+    out : ndarray, optional
+        Alternative output array in which to place the result. It must
+        have the same shape and buffer length as the expected output
+        but the type will be cast if necessary. See :ref:`ufuncs-output-type` for
+        more details.
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    nancumsum : ndarray.
+        A new array holding the result is returned unless `out` is
+        specified, in which it is returned. The result has the same
+        size as `a`, and the same shape as `a` if `axis` is not None
+        or `a` is a 1-d array.
+
+    See Also
+    --------
+    numpy.cumsum : Cumulative sum across array propagating NaNs.
+    isnan : Show which elements are NaN.
+
+    Examples
+    --------
+    >>> import numpy as np
+    >>> np.nancumsum(1)
+    array([1])
+    >>> np.nancumsum([1])
+    array([1])
+    >>> np.nancumsum([1, np.nan])
+    array([1.,  1.])
+    >>> a = np.array([[1, 2], [3, np.nan]])
+    >>> np.nancumsum(a)
+    array([1.,  3.,  6.,  6.])
+    >>> np.nancumsum(a, axis=0)
+    array([[1.,  2.],
+           [4.,  2.]])
+    >>> np.nancumsum(a, axis=1)
+    array([[1.,  3.],
+           [3.,  3.]])
+
+    """
+    a, mask = _replace_nan(a, 0)
+    return np.cumsum(a, axis=axis, dtype=dtype, out=out)
+
+
+def _nancumprod_dispatcher(a, axis=None, dtype=None, out=None):
+    return (a, out)
+
+
+@array_function_dispatch(_nancumprod_dispatcher)
+def nancumprod(a, axis=None, dtype=None, out=None):
+    """
+    Return the cumulative product of array elements over a given axis treating Not a
+    Numbers (NaNs) as one.  The cumulative product does not change when NaNs are
+    encountered and leading NaNs are replaced by ones.
+
+    Ones are returned for slices that are all-NaN or empty.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    a : array_like
+        Input array.
+    axis : int, optional
+        Axis along which the cumulative product is computed.  By default
+        the input is flattened.
+    dtype : dtype, optional
+        Type of the returned array, as well as of the accumulator in which
+        the elements are multiplied.  If *dtype* is not specified, it
+        defaults to the dtype of `a`, unless `a` has an integer dtype with
+        a precision less than that of the default platform integer.  In
+        that case, the default platform integer is used instead.
+    out : ndarray, optional
+        Alternative output array in which to place the result. It must
+        have the same shape and buffer length as the expected output
+        but the type of the resulting values will be cast if necessary.
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    nancumprod : ndarray
+        A new array holding the result is returned unless `out` is
+        specified, in which case it is returned.
+
+    See Also
+    --------
+    numpy.cumprod : Cumulative product across array propagating NaNs.
+    isnan : Show which elements are NaN.
+
+    Examples
+    --------
+    >>> import numpy as np
+    >>> np.nancumprod(1)
+    array([1])
+    >>> np.nancumprod([1])
+    array([1])
+    >>> np.nancumprod([1, np.nan])
+    array([1.,  1.])
+    >>> a = np.array([[1, 2], [3, np.nan]])
+    >>> np.nancumprod(a)
+    array([1.,  2.,  6.,  6.])
+    >>> np.nancumprod(a, axis=0)
+    array([[1.,  2.],
+           [3.,  2.]])
+    >>> np.nancumprod(a, axis=1)
+    array([[1.,  2.],
+           [3.,  3.]])
+
+    """
+    a, mask = _replace_nan(a, 1)
+    return np.cumprod(a, axis=axis, dtype=dtype, out=out)
+
+
+def _nanmean_dispatcher(a, axis=None, dtype=None, out=None, keepdims=None,
+                        *, where=None):
+    return (a, out)
+
+
+@array_function_dispatch(_nanmean_dispatcher)
+def nanmean(a, axis=None, dtype=None, out=None, keepdims=np._NoValue,
+            *, where=np._NoValue):
+    """
+    Compute the arithmetic mean along the specified axis, ignoring NaNs.
+
+    Returns the average of the array elements.  The average is taken over
+    the flattened array by default, otherwise over the specified axis.
+    `float64` intermediate and return values are used for integer inputs.
+
+    For all-NaN slices, NaN is returned and a `RuntimeWarning` is raised.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    a : array_like
+        Array containing numbers whose mean is desired. If `a` is not an
+        array, a conversion is attempted.
+    axis : {int, tuple of int, None}, optional
+        Axis or axes along which the means are computed. The default is to compute
+        the mean of the flattened array.
+    dtype : data-type, optional
+        Type to use in computing the mean.  For integer inputs, the default
+        is `float64`; for inexact inputs, it is the same as the input
+        dtype.
+    out : ndarray, optional
+        Alternate output array in which to place the result.  The default
+        is ``None``; if provided, it must have the same shape as the
+        expected output, but the type will be cast if necessary.
+        See :ref:`ufuncs-output-type` for more details.
+    keepdims : bool, optional
+        If this is set to True, the axes which are reduced are left
+        in the result as dimensions with size one. With this option,
+        the result will broadcast correctly against the original `a`.
+
+        If the value is anything but the default, then
+        `keepdims` will be passed through to the `mean` or `sum` methods
+        of sub-classes of `ndarray`.  If the sub-classes methods
+        does not implement `keepdims` any exceptions will be raised.
+    where : array_like of bool, optional
+        Elements to include in the mean. See `~numpy.ufunc.reduce` for details.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.22.0
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    m : ndarray, see dtype parameter above
+        If `out=None`, returns a new array containing the mean values,
+        otherwise a reference to the output array is returned. Nan is
+        returned for slices that contain only NaNs.
+
+    See Also
+    --------
+    average : Weighted average
+    mean : Arithmetic mean taken while not ignoring NaNs
+    var, nanvar
+
+    Notes
+    -----
+    The arithmetic mean is the sum of the non-NaN elements along the axis
+    divided by the number of non-NaN elements.
+
+    Note that for floating-point input, the mean is computed using the same
+    precision the input has.  Depending on the input data, this can cause
+    the results to be inaccurate, especially for `float32`.  Specifying a
+    higher-precision accumulator using the `dtype` keyword can alleviate
+    this issue.
+
+    Examples
+    --------
+    >>> import numpy as np
+    >>> a = np.array([[1, np.nan], [3, 4]])
+    >>> np.nanmean(a)
+    2.6666666666666665
+    >>> np.nanmean(a, axis=0)
+    array([2.,  4.])
+    >>> np.nanmean(a, axis=1)
+    array([1.,  3.5]) # may vary
+
+    """
+    arr, mask = _replace_nan(a, 0)
+    if mask is None:
+        return np.mean(arr, axis=axis, dtype=dtype, out=out, keepdims=keepdims,
+                       where=where)
+
+    if dtype is not None:
+        dtype = np.dtype(dtype)
+    if dtype is not None and not issubclass(dtype.type, np.inexact):
+        raise TypeError("If a is inexact, then dtype must be inexact")
+    if out is not None and not issubclass(out.dtype.type, np.inexact):
+        raise TypeError("If a is inexact, then out must be inexact")
+
+    cnt = np.sum(~mask, axis=axis, dtype=np.intp, keepdims=keepdims,
+                 where=where)
+    tot = np.sum(arr, axis=axis, dtype=dtype, out=out, keepdims=keepdims,
+                 where=where)
+    avg = _divide_by_count(tot, cnt, out=out)
+
+    isbad = (cnt == 0)
+    if isbad.any():
+        warnings.warn("Mean of empty slice", RuntimeWarning, stacklevel=2)
+        # NaN is the only possible bad value, so no further
+        # action is needed to handle bad results.
+    return avg
+
+
+def _nanmedian1d(arr1d, overwrite_input=False):
+    """
+    Private function for rank 1 arrays. Compute the median ignoring NaNs.
+    See nanmedian for parameter usage
+    """
+    arr1d_parsed, _, overwrite_input = _remove_nan_1d(
+        arr1d, overwrite_input=overwrite_input,
+    )
+
+    if arr1d_parsed.size == 0:
+        # Ensure that a nan-esque scalar of the appropriate type (and unit)
+        # is returned for `timedelta64` and `complexfloating`
+        return arr1d[-1]
+
+    return np.median(arr1d_parsed, overwrite_input=overwrite_input)
+
+
+def _nanmedian(a, axis=None, out=None, overwrite_input=False):
+    """
+    Private function that doesn't support extended axis or keepdims.
+    These methods are extended to this function using _ureduce
+    See nanmedian for parameter usage
+
+    """
+    if axis is None or a.ndim == 1:
+        part = a.ravel()
+        if out is None:
+            return _nanmedian1d(part, overwrite_input)
+        else:
+            out[...] = _nanmedian1d(part, overwrite_input)
+            return out
+    else:
+        # for small medians use sort + indexing which is still faster than
+        # apply_along_axis
+        # benchmarked with shuffled (50, 50, x) containing a few NaN
+        if a.shape[axis] < 600:
+            return _nanmedian_small(a, axis, out, overwrite_input)
+        result = np.apply_along_axis(_nanmedian1d, axis, a, overwrite_input)
+        if out is not None:
+            out[...] = result
+        return result
+
+
+def _nanmedian_small(a, axis=None, out=None, overwrite_input=False):
+    """
+    sort + indexing median, faster for small medians along multiple
+    dimensions due to the high overhead of apply_along_axis
+
+    see nanmedian for parameter usage
+    """
+    a = np.ma.masked_array(a, np.isnan(a))
+    m = np.ma.median(a, axis=axis, overwrite_input=overwrite_input)
+    for i in range(np.count_nonzero(m.mask.ravel())):
+        warnings.warn("All-NaN slice encountered", RuntimeWarning,
+                      stacklevel=5)
+
+    fill_value = np.timedelta64("NaT") if m.dtype.kind == "m" else np.nan
+    if out is not None:
+        out[...] = m.filled(fill_value)
+        return out
+    return m.filled(fill_value)
+
+
+def _nanmedian_dispatcher(
+        a, axis=None, out=None, overwrite_input=None, keepdims=None):
+    return (a, out)
+
+
+@array_function_dispatch(_nanmedian_dispatcher)
+def nanmedian(a, axis=None, out=None, overwrite_input=False, keepdims=np._NoValue):
+    """
+    Compute the median along the specified axis, while ignoring NaNs.
+
+    Returns the median of the array elements.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    a : array_like
+        Input array or object that can be converted to an array.
+    axis : {int, sequence of int, None}, optional
+        Axis or axes along which the medians are computed. The default
+        is to compute the median along a flattened version of the array.
+        A sequence of axes is supported since version 1.9.0.
+    out : ndarray, optional
+        Alternative output array in which to place the result. It must
+        have the same shape and buffer length as the expected output,
+        but the type (of the output) will be cast if necessary.
+    overwrite_input : bool, optional
+       If True, then allow use of memory of input array `a` for
+       calculations. The input array will be modified by the call to
+       `median`. This will save memory when you do not need to preserve
+       the contents of the input array. Treat the input as undefined,
+       but it will probably be fully or partially sorted. Default is
+       False. If `overwrite_input` is ``True`` and `a` is not already an
+       `ndarray`, an error will be raised.
+    keepdims : bool, optional
+        If this is set to True, the axes which are reduced are left
+        in the result as dimensions with size one. With this option,
+        the result will broadcast correctly against the original `a`.
+
+        If this is anything but the default value it will be passed
+        through (in the special case of an empty array) to the
+        `mean` function of the underlying array.  If the array is
+        a sub-class and `mean` does not have the kwarg `keepdims` this
+        will raise a RuntimeError.
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    median : ndarray
+        A new array holding the result. If the input contains integers
+        or floats smaller than ``float64``, then the output data-type is
+        ``np.float64``.  Otherwise, the data-type of the output is the
+        same as that of the input. If `out` is specified, that array is
+        returned instead.
+
+    See Also
+    --------
+    mean, median, percentile
+
+    Notes
+    -----
+    Given a vector ``V`` of length ``N``, the median of ``V`` is the
+    middle value of a sorted copy of ``V``, ``V_sorted`` - i.e.,
+    ``V_sorted[(N-1)/2]``, when ``N`` is odd and the average of the two
+    middle values of ``V_sorted`` when ``N`` is even.
+
+    Examples
+    --------
+    >>> import numpy as np
+    >>> a = np.array([[10.0, 7, 4], [3, 2, 1]])
+    >>> a[0, 1] = np.nan
+    >>> a
+    array([[10., nan,  4.],
+           [ 3.,  2.,  1.]])
+    >>> np.median(a)
+    np.float64(nan)
+    >>> np.nanmedian(a)
+    3.0
+    >>> np.nanmedian(a, axis=0)
+    array([6.5, 2. , 2.5])
+    >>> np.median(a, axis=1)
+    array([nan,  2.])
+    >>> b = a.copy()
+    >>> np.nanmedian(b, axis=1, overwrite_input=True)
+    array([7.,  2.])
+    >>> assert not np.all(a==b)
+    >>> b = a.copy()
+    >>> np.nanmedian(b, axis=None, overwrite_input=True)
+    3.0
+    >>> assert not np.all(a==b)
+
+    """
+    a = np.asanyarray(a)
+    # apply_along_axis in _nanmedian doesn't handle empty arrays well,
+    # so deal them upfront
+    if a.size == 0:
+        return np.nanmean(a, axis, out=out, keepdims=keepdims)
+
+    return fnb._ureduce(a, func=_nanmedian, keepdims=keepdims,
+                        axis=axis, out=out,
+                        overwrite_input=overwrite_input)
+
+
+def _nanpercentile_dispatcher(
+        a, q, axis=None, out=None, overwrite_input=None,
+        method=None, keepdims=None, *, weights=None):
+    return (a, q, out, weights)
+
+
+@array_function_dispatch(_nanpercentile_dispatcher)
+def nanpercentile(
+        a,
+        q,
+        axis=None,
+        out=None,
+        overwrite_input=False,
+        method="linear",
+        keepdims=np._NoValue,
+        *,
+        weights=None,
+):
+    """
+    Compute the qth percentile of the data along the specified axis,
+    while ignoring nan values.
+
+    Returns the qth percentile(s) of the array elements.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    a : array_like
+        Input array or object that can be converted to an array, containing
+        nan values to be ignored.
+    q : array_like of float
+        Percentile or sequence of percentiles to compute, which must be
+        between 0 and 100 inclusive.
+    axis : {int, tuple of int, None}, optional
+        Axis or axes along which the percentiles are computed. The default
+        is to compute the percentile(s) along a flattened version of the
+        array.
+    out : ndarray, optional
+        Alternative output array in which to place the result. It must have
+        the same shape and buffer length as the expected output, but the
+        type (of the output) will be cast if necessary.
+    overwrite_input : bool, optional
+        If True, then allow the input array `a` to be modified by
+        intermediate calculations, to save memory. In this case, the
+        contents of the input `a` after this function completes is
+        undefined.
+    method : str, optional
+        This parameter specifies the method to use for estimating the
+        percentile.  There are many different methods, some unique to NumPy.
+        See the notes for explanation.  The options sorted by their R type
+        as summarized in the H&F paper [1]_ are:
+
+        1. 'inverted_cdf'
+        2. 'averaged_inverted_cdf'
+        3. 'closest_observation'
+        4. 'interpolated_inverted_cdf'
+        5. 'hazen'
+        6. 'weibull'
+        7. 'linear'  (default)
+        8. 'median_unbiased'
+        9. 'normal_unbiased'
+
+        The first three methods are discontinuous.  NumPy further defines the
+        following discontinuous variations of the default 'linear' (7.) option:
+
+        * 'lower'
+        * 'higher',
+        * 'midpoint'
+        * 'nearest'
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 1.22.0
+            This argument was previously called "interpolation" and only
+            offered the "linear" default and last four options.
+
+    keepdims : bool, optional
+        If this is set to True, the axes which are reduced are left in
+        the result as dimensions with size one. With this option, the
+        result will broadcast correctly against the original array `a`.
+
+        If this is anything but the default value it will be passed
+        through (in the special case of an empty array) to the
+        `mean` function of the underlying array.  If the array is
+        a sub-class and `mean` does not have the kwarg `keepdims` this
+        will raise a RuntimeError.
+
+    weights : array_like, optional
+        An array of weights associated with the values in `a`. Each value in
+        `a` contributes to the percentile according to its associated weight.
+        The weights array can either be 1-D (in which case its length must be
+        the size of `a` along the given axis) or of the same shape as `a`.
+        If `weights=None`, then all data in `a` are assumed to have a
+        weight equal to one.
+        Only `method="inverted_cdf"` supports weights.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 2.0.0
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    percentile : scalar or ndarray
+        If `q` is a single percentile and `axis=None`, then the result
+        is a scalar. If multiple percentiles are given, first axis of
+        the result corresponds to the percentiles. The other axes are
+        the axes that remain after the reduction of `a`. If the input
+        contains integers or floats smaller than ``float64``, the output
+        data-type is ``float64``. Otherwise, the output data-type is the
+        same as that of the input. If `out` is specified, that array is
+        returned instead.
+
+    See Also
+    --------
+    nanmean
+    nanmedian : equivalent to ``nanpercentile(..., 50)``
+    percentile, median, mean
+    nanquantile : equivalent to nanpercentile, except q in range [0, 1].
+
+    Notes
+    -----
+    The behavior of `numpy.nanpercentile` with percentage `q` is that of
+    `numpy.quantile` with argument ``q/100`` (ignoring nan values).
+    For more information, please see `numpy.quantile`.
+
+    Examples
+    --------
+    >>> import numpy as np
+    >>> a = np.array([[10., 7., 4.], [3., 2., 1.]])
+    >>> a[0][1] = np.nan
+    >>> a
+    array([[10.,  nan,   4.],
+          [ 3.,   2.,   1.]])
+    >>> np.percentile(a, 50)
+    np.float64(nan)
+    >>> np.nanpercentile(a, 50)
+    3.0
+    >>> np.nanpercentile(a, 50, axis=0)
+    array([6.5, 2. , 2.5])
+    >>> np.nanpercentile(a, 50, axis=1, keepdims=True)
+    array([[7.],
+           [2.]])
+    >>> m = np.nanpercentile(a, 50, axis=0)
+    >>> out = np.zeros_like(m)
+    >>> np.nanpercentile(a, 50, axis=0, out=out)
+    array([6.5, 2. , 2.5])
+    >>> m
+    array([6.5,  2. ,  2.5])
+
+    >>> b = a.copy()
+    >>> np.nanpercentile(b, 50, axis=1, overwrite_input=True)
+    array([7., 2.])
+    >>> assert not np.all(a==b)
+
+    References
+    ----------
+    .. [1] R. J. Hyndman and Y. Fan,
+       "Sample quantiles in statistical packages,"
+       The American Statistician, 50(4), pp. 361-365, 1996
+
+    """
+    a = np.asanyarray(a)
+    if a.dtype.kind == "c":
+        raise TypeError("a must be an array of real numbers")
+
+    q = np.true_divide(q, a.dtype.type(100) if a.dtype.kind == "f" else 100, out=...)
+    if not fnb._quantile_is_valid(q):
+        raise ValueError("Percentiles must be in the range [0, 100]")
+
+    if weights is not None:
+        if method != "inverted_cdf":
+            msg = ("Only method 'inverted_cdf' supports weights. "
+                   f"Got: {method}.")
+            raise ValueError(msg)
+        if axis is not None:
+            axis = _nx.normalize_axis_tuple(axis, a.ndim, argname="axis")
+        weights = _weights_are_valid(weights=weights, a=a, axis=axis)
+        if np.any(weights < 0):
+            raise ValueError("Weights must be non-negative.")
+
+    return _nanquantile_unchecked(
+        a, q, axis, out, overwrite_input, method, keepdims, weights)
+
+
+def _nanquantile_dispatcher(a, q, axis=None, out=None, overwrite_input=None,
+                            method=None, keepdims=None, *, weights=None):
+    return (a, q, out, weights)
+
+
+@array_function_dispatch(_nanquantile_dispatcher)
+def nanquantile(
+        a,
+        q,
+        axis=None,
+        out=None,
+        overwrite_input=False,
+        method="linear",
+        keepdims=np._NoValue,
+        *,
+        weights=None,
+):
+    """
+    Compute the qth quantile of the data along the specified axis,
+    while ignoring nan values.
+    Returns the qth quantile(s) of the array elements.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    a : array_like
+        Input array or object that can be converted to an array, containing
+        nan values to be ignored
+    q : array_like of float
+        Probability or sequence of probabilities for the quantiles to compute.
+        Values must be between 0 and 1 inclusive.
+    axis : {int, tuple of int, None}, optional
+        Axis or axes along which the quantiles are computed. The
+        default is to compute the quantile(s) along a flattened
+        version of the array.
+    out : ndarray, optional
+        Alternative output array in which to place the result. It must
+        have the same shape and buffer length as the expected output,
+        but the type (of the output) will be cast if necessary.
+    overwrite_input : bool, optional
+        If True, then allow the input array `a` to be modified by intermediate
+        calculations, to save memory. In this case, the contents of the input
+        `a` after this function completes is undefined.
+    method : str, optional
+        This parameter specifies the method to use for estimating the
+        quantile.  There are many different methods, some unique to NumPy.
+        See the notes for explanation.  The options sorted by their R type
+        as summarized in the H&F paper [1]_ are:
+
+        1. 'inverted_cdf'
+        2. 'averaged_inverted_cdf'
+        3. 'closest_observation'
+        4. 'interpolated_inverted_cdf'
+        5. 'hazen'
+        6. 'weibull'
+        7. 'linear'  (default)
+        8. 'median_unbiased'
+        9. 'normal_unbiased'
+
+        The first three methods are discontinuous.  NumPy further defines the
+        following discontinuous variations of the default 'linear' (7.) option:
+
+        * 'lower'
+        * 'higher',
+        * 'midpoint'
+        * 'nearest'
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 1.22.0
+            This argument was previously called "interpolation" and only
+            offered the "linear" default and last four options.
+
+    keepdims : bool, optional
+        If this is set to True, the axes which are reduced are left in
+        the result as dimensions with size one. With this option, the
+        result will broadcast correctly against the original array `a`.
+
+        If this is anything but the default value it will be passed
+        through (in the special case of an empty array) to the
+        `mean` function of the underlying array.  If the array is
+        a sub-class and `mean` does not have the kwarg `keepdims` this
+        will raise a RuntimeError.
+
+    weights : array_like, optional
+        An array of weights associated with the values in `a`. Each value in
+        `a` contributes to the quantile according to its associated weight.
+        The weights array can either be 1-D (in which case its length must be
+        the size of `a` along the given axis) or of the same shape as `a`.
+        If `weights=None`, then all data in `a` are assumed to have a
+        weight equal to one.
+        Only `method="inverted_cdf"` supports weights.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 2.0.0
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    quantile : scalar or ndarray
+        If `q` is a single probability and `axis=None`, then the result
+        is a scalar. If multiple probability levels are given, first axis of
+        the result corresponds to the quantiles. The other axes are
+        the axes that remain after the reduction of `a`. If the input
+        contains integers or floats smaller than ``float64``, the output
+        data-type is ``float64``. Otherwise, the output data-type is the
+        same as that of the input. If `out` is specified, that array is
+        returned instead.
+
+    See Also
+    --------
+    quantile
+    nanmean, nanmedian
+    nanmedian : equivalent to ``nanquantile(..., 0.5)``
+    nanpercentile : same as nanquantile, but with q in the range [0, 100].
+
+    Notes
+    -----
+    The behavior of `numpy.nanquantile` is the same as that of
+    `numpy.quantile` (ignoring nan values).
+    For more information, please see `numpy.quantile`.
+
+    Examples
+    --------
+    >>> import numpy as np
+    >>> a = np.array([[10., 7., 4.], [3., 2., 1.]])
+    >>> a[0][1] = np.nan
+    >>> a
+    array([[10.,  nan,   4.],
+          [ 3.,   2.,   1.]])
+    >>> np.quantile(a, 0.5)
+    np.float64(nan)
+    >>> np.nanquantile(a, 0.5)
+    3.0
+    >>> np.nanquantile(a, 0.5, axis=0)
+    array([6.5, 2. , 2.5])
+    >>> np.nanquantile(a, 0.5, axis=1, keepdims=True)
+    array([[7.],
+           [2.]])
+    >>> m = np.nanquantile(a, 0.5, axis=0)
+    >>> out = np.zeros_like(m)
+    >>> np.nanquantile(a, 0.5, axis=0, out=out)
+    array([6.5, 2. , 2.5])
+    >>> m
+    array([6.5,  2. ,  2.5])
+    >>> b = a.copy()
+    >>> np.nanquantile(b, 0.5, axis=1, overwrite_input=True)
+    array([7., 2.])
+    >>> assert not np.all(a==b)
+
+    References
+    ----------
+    .. [1] R. J. Hyndman and Y. Fan,
+       "Sample quantiles in statistical packages,"
+       The American Statistician, 50(4), pp. 361-365, 1996
+
+    """
+    a = np.asanyarray(a)
+    if a.dtype.kind == "c":
+        raise TypeError("a must be an array of real numbers")
+
+    # Use dtype of array if possible (e.g., if q is a python int or float).
+    if isinstance(q, (int, float)) and a.dtype.kind == "f":
+        q = np.asanyarray(q, dtype=a.dtype)
+    else:
+        q = np.asanyarray(q)
+
+    if not fnb._quantile_is_valid(q):
+        raise ValueError("Quantiles must be in the range [0, 1]")
+
+    if weights is not None:
+        if method != "inverted_cdf":
+            msg = ("Only method 'inverted_cdf' supports weights. "
+                   f"Got: {method}.")
+            raise ValueError(msg)
+        if axis is not None:
+            axis = _nx.normalize_axis_tuple(axis, a.ndim, argname="axis")
+        weights = _weights_are_valid(weights=weights, a=a, axis=axis)
+        if np.any(weights < 0):
+            raise ValueError("Weights must be non-negative.")
+
+    return _nanquantile_unchecked(
+        a, q, axis, out, overwrite_input, method, keepdims, weights)
+
+
+def _nanquantile_unchecked(
+        a,
+        q,
+        axis=None,
+        out=None,
+        overwrite_input=False,
+        method="linear",
+        keepdims=np._NoValue,
+        weights=None,
+):
+    """Assumes that q is in [0, 1], and is an ndarray"""
+    # apply_along_axis in _nanpercentile doesn't handle empty arrays well,
+    # so deal them upfront
+    if a.size == 0:
+        return np.nanmean(a, axis, out=out, keepdims=keepdims)
+    return fnb._ureduce(a,
+                        func=_nanquantile_ureduce_func,
+                        q=q,
+                        weights=weights,
+                        keepdims=keepdims,
+                        axis=axis,
+                        out=out,
+                        overwrite_input=overwrite_input,
+                        method=method)
+
+
+def _nanquantile_ureduce_func(
+        a: np.array,
+        q: np.array,
+        weights: np.array,
+        axis: int | None = None,
+        out=None,
+        overwrite_input: bool = False,
+        method="linear",
+):
+    """
+    Private function that doesn't support extended axis or keepdims.
+    These methods are extended to this function using _ureduce
+    See nanpercentile for parameter usage
+    """
+    if axis is None or a.ndim == 1:
+        part = a.ravel()
+        wgt = None if weights is None else weights.ravel()
+        result = _nanquantile_1d(part, q, overwrite_input, method, weights=wgt)
+    # Note that this code could try to fill in `out` right away
+    elif weights is None:
+        result = np.apply_along_axis(_nanquantile_1d, axis, a, q,
+                                     overwrite_input, method, weights)
+        # apply_along_axis fills in collapsed axis with results.
+        # Move those axes to the beginning to match percentile's
+        # convention.
+        if q.ndim != 0:
+            from_ax = [axis + i for i in range(q.ndim)]
+            result = np.moveaxis(result, from_ax, list(range(q.ndim)))
+    else:
+        # We need to apply along axis over 2 arrays, a and weights.
+        # move operation axes to end for simplicity:
+        a = np.moveaxis(a, axis, -1)
+        if weights is not None:
+            weights = np.moveaxis(weights, axis, -1)
+        if out is not None:
+            result = out
+        else:
+            # weights are limited to `inverted_cdf` so the result dtype
+            # is known to be identical to that of `a` here:
+            result = np.empty_like(a, shape=q.shape + a.shape[:-1])
+
+        for ii in np.ndindex(a.shape[:-1]):
+            result[(...,) + ii] = _nanquantile_1d(
+                    a[ii], q, weights=weights[ii],
+                    overwrite_input=overwrite_input, method=method,
+            )
+        # This path dealt with `out` already...
+        return result
+
+    if out is not None:
+        out[...] = result
+    return result
+
+
+def _nanquantile_1d(
+    arr1d, q, overwrite_input=False, method="linear", weights=None,
+):
+    """
+    Private function for rank 1 arrays. Compute quantile ignoring NaNs.
+    See nanpercentile for parameter usage
+    """
+    # TODO: What to do when arr1d = [1, np.nan] and weights = [0, 1]?
+    arr1d, weights, overwrite_input = _remove_nan_1d(arr1d,
+        second_arr1d=weights, overwrite_input=overwrite_input)
+    if arr1d.size == 0:
+        # convert to scalar
+        return np.full(q.shape, np.nan, dtype=arr1d.dtype)[()]
+
+    return fnb._quantile_unchecked(
+        arr1d,
+        q,
+        overwrite_input=overwrite_input,
+        method=method,
+        weights=weights,
+    )
+
+
+def _nanvar_dispatcher(a, axis=None, dtype=None, out=None, ddof=None,
+                       keepdims=None, *, where=None, mean=None,
+                       correction=None):
+    return (a, out)
+
+
+@array_function_dispatch(_nanvar_dispatcher)
+def nanvar(a, axis=None, dtype=None, out=None, ddof=0, keepdims=np._NoValue,
+           *, where=np._NoValue, mean=np._NoValue, correction=np._NoValue):
+    """
+    Compute the variance along the specified axis, while ignoring NaNs.
+
+    Returns the variance of the array elements, a measure of the spread of
+    a distribution.  The variance is computed for the flattened array by
+    default, otherwise over the specified axis.
+
+    For all-NaN slices or slices with zero degrees of freedom, NaN is
+    returned and a `RuntimeWarning` is raised.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    a : array_like
+        Array containing numbers whose variance is desired.  If `a` is not an
+        array, a conversion is attempted.
+    axis : {int, tuple of int, None}, optional
+        Axis or axes along which the variance is computed.  The default is to compute
+        the variance of the flattened array.
+    dtype : data-type, optional
+        Type to use in computing the variance.  For arrays of integer type
+        the default is `float64`; for arrays of float types it is the same as
+        the array type.
+    out : ndarray, optional
+        Alternate output array in which to place the result.  It must have
+        the same shape as the expected output, but the type is cast if
+        necessary.
+    ddof : {int, float}, optional
+        "Delta Degrees of Freedom": the divisor used in the calculation is
+        ``N - ddof``, where ``N`` represents the number of non-NaN
+        elements. By default `ddof` is zero.
+    keepdims : bool, optional
+        If this is set to True, the axes which are reduced are left
+        in the result as dimensions with size one. With this option,
+        the result will broadcast correctly against the original `a`.
+    where : array_like of bool, optional
+        Elements to include in the variance. See `~numpy.ufunc.reduce` for
+        details.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.22.0
+
+    mean : array_like, optional
+        Provide the mean to prevent its recalculation. The mean should have
+        a shape as if it was calculated with ``keepdims=True``.
+        The axis for the calculation of the mean should be the same as used in
+        the call to this var function.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 2.0.0
+
+    correction : {int, float}, optional
+        Array API compatible name for the ``ddof`` parameter. Only one of them
+        can be provided at the same time.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 2.0.0
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    variance : ndarray, see dtype parameter above
+        If `out` is None, return a new array containing the variance,
+        otherwise return a reference to the output array. If ddof is >= the
+        number of non-NaN elements in a slice or the slice contains only
+        NaNs, then the result for that slice is NaN.
+
+    See Also
+    --------
+    std : Standard deviation
+    mean : Average
+    var : Variance while not ignoring NaNs
+    nanstd, nanmean
+    :ref:`ufuncs-output-type`
+
+    Notes
+    -----
+    The variance is the average of the squared deviations from the mean,
+    i.e.,  ``var = mean(abs(x - x.mean())**2)``.
+
+    The mean is normally calculated as ``x.sum() / N``, where ``N = len(x)``.
+    If, however, `ddof` is specified, the divisor ``N - ddof`` is used
+    instead.  In standard statistical practice, ``ddof=1`` provides an
+    unbiased estimator of the variance of a hypothetical infinite
+    population.  ``ddof=0`` provides a maximum likelihood estimate of the
+    variance for normally distributed variables.
+
+    Note that for complex numbers, the absolute value is taken before
+    squaring, so that the result is always real and nonnegative.
+
+    For floating-point input, the variance is computed using the same
+    precision the input has.  Depending on the input data, this can cause
+    the results to be inaccurate, especially for `float32` (see example
+    below).  Specifying a higher-accuracy accumulator using the ``dtype``
+    keyword can alleviate this issue.
+
+    For this function to work on sub-classes of ndarray, they must define
+    `sum` with the kwarg `keepdims`
+
+    Examples
+    --------
+    >>> import numpy as np
+    >>> a = np.array([[1, np.nan], [3, 4]])
+    >>> np.nanvar(a)
+    1.5555555555555554
+    >>> np.nanvar(a, axis=0)
+    array([1.,  0.])
+    >>> np.nanvar(a, axis=1)
+    array([0.,  0.25])  # may vary
+
+    """
+    arr, mask = _replace_nan(a, 0)
+    if mask is None:
+        return np.var(arr, axis=axis, dtype=dtype, out=out, ddof=ddof,
+                      keepdims=keepdims, where=where, mean=mean,
+                      correction=correction)
+
+    if dtype is not None:
+        dtype = np.dtype(dtype)
+    if dtype is not None and not issubclass(dtype.type, np.inexact):
+        raise TypeError("If a is inexact, then dtype must be inexact")
+    if out is not None and not issubclass(out.dtype.type, np.inexact):
+        raise TypeError("If a is inexact, then out must be inexact")
+
+    if correction != np._NoValue:
+        if ddof != 0:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "ddof and correction can't be provided simultaneously."
+            )
+        else:
+            ddof = correction
+
+    # Compute mean
+    if type(arr) is np.matrix:
+        _keepdims = np._NoValue
+    else:
+        _keepdims = True
+
+    cnt = np.sum(~mask, axis=axis, dtype=np.intp, keepdims=_keepdims,
+                     where=where)
+
+    if mean is not np._NoValue:
+        avg = mean
+    else:
+        # we need to special case matrix for reverse compatibility
+        # in order for this to work, these sums need to be called with
+        # keepdims=True, however matrix now raises an error in this case, but
+        # the reason that it drops the keepdims kwarg is to force keepdims=True
+        # so this used to work by serendipity.
+        avg = np.sum(arr, axis=axis, dtype=dtype,
+                     keepdims=_keepdims, where=where)
+        avg = _divide_by_count(avg, cnt)
+
+    # Compute squared deviation from mean.
+    np.subtract(arr, avg, out=arr, casting='unsafe', where=where)
+    arr = _copyto(arr, 0, mask)
+    if issubclass(arr.dtype.type, np.complexfloating):
+        sqr = np.multiply(arr, arr.conj(), out=arr, where=where).real
+    else:
+        sqr = np.multiply(arr, arr, out=arr, where=where)
+
+    # Compute variance.
+    var = np.sum(sqr, axis=axis, dtype=dtype, out=out, keepdims=keepdims,
+                 where=where)
+
+    # Precaution against reduced object arrays
+    try:
+        var_ndim = var.ndim
+    except AttributeError:
+        var_ndim = np.ndim(var)
+    if var_ndim < cnt.ndim:
+        # Subclasses of ndarray may ignore keepdims, so check here.
+        cnt = cnt.squeeze(axis)
+    dof = cnt - ddof
+    var = _divide_by_count(var, dof)
+
+    isbad = (dof <= 0)
+    if np.any(isbad):
+        warnings.warn("Degrees of freedom <= 0 for slice.", RuntimeWarning,
+                      stacklevel=2)
+        # NaN, inf, or negative numbers are all possible bad
+        # values, so explicitly replace them with NaN.
+        var = _copyto(var, np.nan, isbad)
+    return var
+
+
+def _nanstd_dispatcher(a, axis=None, dtype=None, out=None, ddof=None,
+                       keepdims=None, *, where=None, mean=None,
+                       correction=None):
+    return (a, out)
+
+
+@array_function_dispatch(_nanstd_dispatcher)
+def nanstd(a, axis=None, dtype=None, out=None, ddof=0, keepdims=np._NoValue,
+           *, where=np._NoValue, mean=np._NoValue, correction=np._NoValue):
+    """
+    Compute the standard deviation along the specified axis, while
+    ignoring NaNs.
+
+    Returns the standard deviation, a measure of the spread of a
+    distribution, of the non-NaN array elements. The standard deviation is
+    computed for the flattened array by default, otherwise over the
+    specified axis.
+
+    For all-NaN slices or slices with zero degrees of freedom, NaN is
+    returned and a `RuntimeWarning` is raised.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    a : array_like
+        Calculate the standard deviation of the non-NaN values.
+    axis : {int, tuple of int, None}, optional
+        Axis or axes along which the standard deviation is computed. The default is
+        to compute the standard deviation of the flattened array.
+    dtype : dtype, optional
+        Type to use in computing the standard deviation. For arrays of
+        integer type the default is float64, for arrays of float types it
+        is the same as the array type.
+    out : ndarray, optional
+        Alternative output array in which to place the result. It must have
+        the same shape as the expected output but the type (of the
+        calculated values) will be cast if necessary.
+    ddof : {int, float}, optional
+        Means Delta Degrees of Freedom.  The divisor used in calculations
+        is ``N - ddof``, where ``N`` represents the number of non-NaN
+        elements.  By default `ddof` is zero.
+
+    keepdims : bool, optional
+        If this is set to True, the axes which are reduced are left
+        in the result as dimensions with size one. With this option,
+        the result will broadcast correctly against the original `a`.
+
+        If this value is anything but the default it is passed through
+        as-is to the relevant functions of the sub-classes.  If these
+        functions do not have a `keepdims` kwarg, a RuntimeError will
+        be raised.
+    where : array_like of bool, optional
+        Elements to include in the standard deviation.
+        See `~numpy.ufunc.reduce` for details.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.22.0
+
+    mean : array_like, optional
+        Provide the mean to prevent its recalculation. The mean should have
+        a shape as if it was calculated with ``keepdims=True``.
+        The axis for the calculation of the mean should be the same as used in
+        the call to this std function.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 2.0.0
+
+    correction : {int, float}, optional
+        Array API compatible name for the ``ddof`` parameter. Only one of them
+        can be provided at the same time.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 2.0.0
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    standard_deviation : ndarray, see dtype parameter above.
+        If `out` is None, return a new array containing the standard
+        deviation, otherwise return a reference to the output array. If
+        ddof is >= the number of non-NaN elements in a slice or the slice
+        contains only NaNs, then the result for that slice is NaN.
+
+    See Also
+    --------
+    var, mean, std
+    nanvar, nanmean
+    :ref:`ufuncs-output-type`
+
+    Notes
+    -----
+    The standard deviation is the square root of the average of the squared
+    deviations from the mean: ``std = sqrt(mean(abs(x - x.mean())**2))``.
+
+    The average squared deviation is normally calculated as
+    ``x.sum() / N``, where ``N = len(x)``.  If, however, `ddof` is
+    specified, the divisor ``N - ddof`` is used instead. In standard
+    statistical practice, ``ddof=1`` provides an unbiased estimator of the
+    variance of the infinite population. ``ddof=0`` provides a maximum
+    likelihood estimate of the variance for normally distributed variables.
+    The standard deviation computed in this function is the square root of
+    the estimated variance, so even with ``ddof=1``, it will not be an
+    unbiased estimate of the standard deviation per se.
+
+    Note that, for complex numbers, `std` takes the absolute value before
+    squaring, so that the result is always real and nonnegative.
+
+    For floating-point input, the *std* is computed using the same
+    precision the input has. Depending on the input data, this can cause
+    the results to be inaccurate, especially for float32 (see example
+    below).  Specifying a higher-accuracy accumulator using the `dtype`
+    keyword can alleviate this issue.
+
+    Examples
+    --------
+    >>> import numpy as np
+    >>> a = np.array([[1, np.nan], [3, 4]])
+    >>> np.nanstd(a)
+    1.247219128924647
+    >>> np.nanstd(a, axis=0)
+    array([1., 0.])
+    >>> np.nanstd(a, axis=1)
+    array([0.,  0.5]) # may vary
+
+    """
+    var = nanvar(a, axis=axis, dtype=dtype, out=out, ddof=ddof,
+                 keepdims=keepdims, where=where, mean=mean,
+                 correction=correction)
+    if isinstance(var, np.ndarray):
+        std = np.sqrt(var, out=var)
+    elif hasattr(var, 'dtype'):
+        std = var.dtype.type(np.sqrt(var))
+    else:
+        std = np.sqrt(var)
+    return std