com.googler.python 1.1.2 → 1.1.4

package/python3.6.2/lib/python3.6/pydoc.py

@@ -1,2663 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python3
-"""Generate Python documentation in HTML or text for interactive use.
-
-At the Python interactive prompt, calling help(thing) on a Python object
-documents the object, and calling help() starts up an interactive
-help session.
-
-Or, at the shell command line outside of Python:
-
-Run "pydoc <name>" to show documentation on something.  <name> may be
-the name of a function, module, package, or a dotted reference to a
-class or function within a module or module in a package.  If the
-argument contains a path segment delimiter (e.g. slash on Unix,
-backslash on Windows) it is treated as the path to a Python source file.
-
-Run "pydoc -k <keyword>" to search for a keyword in the synopsis lines
-of all available modules.
-
-Run "pydoc -p <port>" to start an HTTP server on the given port on the
-local machine.  Port number 0 can be used to get an arbitrary unused port.
-
-Run "pydoc -b" to start an HTTP server on an arbitrary unused port and
-open a Web browser to interactively browse documentation.  The -p option
-can be used with the -b option to explicitly specify the server port.
-
-Run "pydoc -w <name>" to write out the HTML documentation for a module
-to a file named "<name>.html".
-
-Module docs for core modules are assumed to be in
-
-    https://docs.python.org/X.Y/library/
-
-This can be overridden by setting the PYTHONDOCS environment variable
-to a different URL or to a local directory containing the Library
-Reference Manual pages.
-"""
-__all__ = ['help']
-__author__ = "Ka-Ping Yee <ping@lfw.org>"
-__date__ = "26 February 2001"
-
-__credits__ = """Guido van Rossum, for an excellent programming language.
-Tommy Burnette, the original creator of manpy.
-Paul Prescod, for all his work on onlinehelp.
-Richard Chamberlain, for the first implementation of textdoc.
-"""
-
-# Known bugs that can't be fixed here:
-#   - synopsis() cannot be prevented from clobbering existing
-#     loaded modules.
-#   - If the __file__ attribute on a module is a relative path and
-#     the current directory is changed with os.chdir(), an incorrect
-#     path will be displayed.
-
-import builtins
-import importlib._bootstrap
-import importlib._bootstrap_external
-import importlib.machinery
-import importlib.util
-import inspect
-import io
-import os
-import pkgutil
-import platform
-import re
-import sys
-import time
-import tokenize
-import urllib.parse
-import warnings
-from collections import deque
-from reprlib import Repr
-from traceback import format_exception_only
-
-
-# --------------------------------------------------------- common routines
-
-def pathdirs():
-    """Convert sys.path into a list of absolute, existing, unique paths."""
-    dirs = []
-    normdirs = []
-    for dir in sys.path:
-        dir = os.path.abspath(dir or '.')
-        normdir = os.path.normcase(dir)
-        if normdir not in normdirs and os.path.isdir(dir):
-            dirs.append(dir)
-            normdirs.append(normdir)
-    return dirs
-
-def getdoc(object):
-    """Get the doc string or comments for an object."""
-    result = inspect.getdoc(object) or inspect.getcomments(object)
-    return result and re.sub('^ *\n', '', result.rstrip()) or ''
-
-def splitdoc(doc):
-    """Split a doc string into a synopsis line (if any) and the rest."""
-    lines = doc.strip().split('\n')
-    if len(lines) == 1:
-        return lines[0], ''
-    elif len(lines) >= 2 and not lines[1].rstrip():
-        return lines[0], '\n'.join(lines[2:])
-    return '', '\n'.join(lines)
-
-def classname(object, modname):
-    """Get a class name and qualify it with a module name if necessary."""
-    name = object.__name__
-    if object.__module__ != modname:
-        name = object.__module__ + '.' + name
-    return name
-
-def isdata(object):
-    """Check if an object is of a type that probably means it's data."""
-    return not (inspect.ismodule(object) or inspect.isclass(object) or
-                inspect.isroutine(object) or inspect.isframe(object) or
-                inspect.istraceback(object) or inspect.iscode(object))
-
-def replace(text, *pairs):
-    """Do a series of global replacements on a string."""
-    while pairs:
-        text = pairs[1].join(text.split(pairs[0]))
-        pairs = pairs[2:]
-    return text
-
-def cram(text, maxlen):
-    """Omit part of a string if needed to make it fit in a maximum length."""
-    if len(text) > maxlen:
-        pre = max(0, (maxlen-3)//2)
-        post = max(0, maxlen-3-pre)
-        return text[:pre] + '...' + text[len(text)-post:]
-    return text
-
-_re_stripid = re.compile(r' at 0x[0-9a-f]{6,16}(>+)$', re.IGNORECASE)
-def stripid(text):
-    """Remove the hexadecimal id from a Python object representation."""
-    # The behaviour of %p is implementation-dependent in terms of case.
-    return _re_stripid.sub(r'\1', text)
-
-def _is_some_method(obj):
-    return (inspect.isfunction(obj) or
-            inspect.ismethod(obj) or
-            inspect.isbuiltin(obj) or
-            inspect.ismethoddescriptor(obj))
-
-def _is_bound_method(fn):
-    """
-    Returns True if fn is a bound method, regardless of whether
-    fn was implemented in Python or in C.
-    """
-    if inspect.ismethod(fn):
-        return True
-    if inspect.isbuiltin(fn):
-        self = getattr(fn, '__self__', None)
-        return not (inspect.ismodule(self) or (self is None))
-    return False
-
-
-def allmethods(cl):
-    methods = {}
-    for key, value in inspect.getmembers(cl, _is_some_method):
-        methods[key] = 1
-    for base in cl.__bases__:
-        methods.update(allmethods(base)) # all your base are belong to us
-    for key in methods.keys():
-        methods[key] = getattr(cl, key)
-    return methods
-
-def _split_list(s, predicate):
-    """Split sequence s via predicate, and return pair ([true], [false]).
-
-    The return value is a 2-tuple of lists,
-        ([x for x in s if predicate(x)],
-         [x for x in s if not predicate(x)])
-    """
-
-    yes = []
-    no = []
-    for x in s:
-        if predicate(x):
-            yes.append(x)
-        else:
-            no.append(x)
-    return yes, no
-
-def visiblename(name, all=None, obj=None):
-    """Decide whether to show documentation on a variable."""
-    # Certain special names are redundant or internal.
-    # XXX Remove __initializing__?
-    if name in {'__author__', '__builtins__', '__cached__', '__credits__',
-                '__date__', '__doc__', '__file__', '__spec__',
-                '__loader__', '__module__', '__name__', '__package__',
-                '__path__', '__qualname__', '__slots__', '__version__'}:
-        return 0
-    # Private names are hidden, but special names are displayed.
-    if name.startswith('__') and name.endswith('__'): return 1
-    # Namedtuples have public fields and methods with a single leading underscore
-    if name.startswith('_') and hasattr(obj, '_fields'):
-        return True
-    if all is not None:
-        # only document that which the programmer exported in __all__
-        return name in all
-    else:
-        return not name.startswith('_')
-
-def classify_class_attrs(object):
-    """Wrap inspect.classify_class_attrs, with fixup for data descriptors."""
-    results = []
-    for (name, kind, cls, value) in inspect.classify_class_attrs(object):
-        if inspect.isdatadescriptor(value):
-            kind = 'data descriptor'
-        results.append((name, kind, cls, value))
-    return results
-
-def sort_attributes(attrs, object):
-    'Sort the attrs list in-place by _fields and then alphabetically by name'
-    # This allows data descriptors to be ordered according
-    # to a _fields attribute if present.
-    fields = getattr(object, '_fields', [])
-    try:
-        field_order = {name : i-len(fields) for (i, name) in enumerate(fields)}
-    except TypeError:
-        field_order = {}
-    keyfunc = lambda attr: (field_order.get(attr[0], 0), attr[0])
-    attrs.sort(key=keyfunc)
-
-# ----------------------------------------------------- module manipulation
-
-def ispackage(path):
-    """Guess whether a path refers to a package directory."""
-    if os.path.isdir(path):
-        for ext in ('.py', '.pyc'):
-            if os.path.isfile(os.path.join(path, '__init__' + ext)):
-                return True
-    return False
-
-def source_synopsis(file):
-    line = file.readline()
-    while line[:1] == '#' or not line.strip():
-        line = file.readline()
-        if not line: break
-    line = line.strip()
-    if line[:4] == 'r"""': line = line[1:]
-    if line[:3] == '"""':
-        line = line[3:]
-        if line[-1:] == '\\': line = line[:-1]
-        while not line.strip():
-            line = file.readline()
-            if not line: break
-        result = line.split('"""')[0].strip()
-    else: result = None
-    return result
-
-def synopsis(filename, cache={}):
-    """Get the one-line summary out of a module file."""
-    mtime = os.stat(filename).st_mtime
-    lastupdate, result = cache.get(filename, (None, None))
-    if lastupdate is None or lastupdate < mtime:
-        # Look for binary suffixes first, falling back to source.
-        if filename.endswith(tuple(importlib.machinery.BYTECODE_SUFFIXES)):
-            loader_cls = importlib.machinery.SourcelessFileLoader
-        elif filename.endswith(tuple(importlib.machinery.EXTENSION_SUFFIXES)):
-            loader_cls = importlib.machinery.ExtensionFileLoader
-        else:
-            loader_cls = None
-        # Now handle the choice.
-        if loader_cls is None:
-            # Must be a source file.
-            try:
-                file = tokenize.open(filename)
-            except OSError:
-                # module can't be opened, so skip it
-                return None
-            # text modules can be directly examined
-            with file:
-                result = source_synopsis(file)
-        else:
-            # Must be a binary module, which has to be imported.
-            loader = loader_cls('__temp__', filename)
-            # XXX We probably don't need to pass in the loader here.
-            spec = importlib.util.spec_from_file_location('__temp__', filename,
-                                                          loader=loader)
-            try:
-                module = importlib._bootstrap._load(spec)
-            except:
-                return None
-            del sys.modules['__temp__']
-            result = module.__doc__.splitlines()[0] if module.__doc__ else None
-        # Cache the result.
-        cache[filename] = (mtime, result)
-    return result
-
-class ErrorDuringImport(Exception):
-    """Errors that occurred while trying to import something to document it."""
-    def __init__(self, filename, exc_info):
-        self.filename = filename
-        self.exc, self.value, self.tb = exc_info
-
-    def __str__(self):
-        exc = self.exc.__name__
-        return 'problem in %s - %s: %s' % (self.filename, exc, self.value)
-
-def importfile(path):
-    """Import a Python source file or compiled file given its path."""
-    magic = importlib.util.MAGIC_NUMBER
-    with open(path, 'rb') as file:
-        is_bytecode = magic == file.read(len(magic))
-    filename = os.path.basename(path)
-    name, ext = os.path.splitext(filename)
-    if is_bytecode:
-        loader = importlib._bootstrap_external.SourcelessFileLoader(name, path)
-    else:
-        loader = importlib._bootstrap_external.SourceFileLoader(name, path)
-    # XXX We probably don't need to pass in the loader here.
-    spec = importlib.util.spec_from_file_location(name, path, loader=loader)
-    try:
-        return importlib._bootstrap._load(spec)
-    except:
-        raise ErrorDuringImport(path, sys.exc_info())
-
-def safeimport(path, forceload=0, cache={}):
-    """Import a module; handle errors; return None if the module isn't found.
-
-    If the module *is* found but an exception occurs, it's wrapped in an
-    ErrorDuringImport exception and reraised.  Unlike __import__, if a
-    package path is specified, the module at the end of the path is returned,
-    not the package at the beginning.  If the optional 'forceload' argument
-    is 1, we reload the module from disk (unless it's a dynamic extension)."""
-    try:
-        # If forceload is 1 and the module has been previously loaded from
-        # disk, we always have to reload the module.  Checking the file's
-        # mtime isn't good enough (e.g. the module could contain a class
-        # that inherits from another module that has changed).
-        if forceload and path in sys.modules:
-            if path not in sys.builtin_module_names:
-                # Remove the module from sys.modules and re-import to try
-                # and avoid problems with partially loaded modules.
-                # Also remove any submodules because they won't appear
-                # in the newly loaded module's namespace if they're already
-                # in sys.modules.
-                subs = [m for m in sys.modules if m.startswith(path + '.')]
-                for key in [path] + subs:
-                    # Prevent garbage collection.
-                    cache[key] = sys.modules[key]
-                    del sys.modules[key]
-        module = __import__(path)
-    except:
-        # Did the error occur before or after the module was found?
-        (exc, value, tb) = info = sys.exc_info()
-        if path in sys.modules:
-            # An error occurred while executing the imported module.
-            raise ErrorDuringImport(sys.modules[path].__file__, info)
-        elif exc is SyntaxError:
-            # A SyntaxError occurred before we could execute the module.
-            raise ErrorDuringImport(value.filename, info)
-        elif issubclass(exc, ImportError) and value.name == path:
-            # No such module in the path.
-            return None
-        else:
-            # Some other error occurred during the importing process.
-            raise ErrorDuringImport(path, sys.exc_info())
-    for part in path.split('.')[1:]:
-        try: module = getattr(module, part)
-        except AttributeError: return None
-    return module
-
-# ---------------------------------------------------- formatter base class
-
-class Doc:
-
-    PYTHONDOCS = os.environ.get("PYTHONDOCS",
-                                "https://docs.python.org/%d.%d/library"
-                                % sys.version_info[:2])
-
-    def document(self, object, name=None, *args):
-        """Generate documentation for an object."""
-        args = (object, name) + args
-        # 'try' clause is to attempt to handle the possibility that inspect
-        # identifies something in a way that pydoc itself has issues handling;
-        # think 'super' and how it is a descriptor (which raises the exception
-        # by lacking a __name__ attribute) and an instance.
-        if inspect.isgetsetdescriptor(object): return self.docdata(*args)
-        if inspect.ismemberdescriptor(object): return self.docdata(*args)
-        try:
-            if inspect.ismodule(object): return self.docmodule(*args)
-            if inspect.isclass(object): return self.docclass(*args)
-            if inspect.isroutine(object): return self.docroutine(*args)
-        except AttributeError:
-            pass
-        if isinstance(object, property): return self.docproperty(*args)
-        return self.docother(*args)
-
-    def fail(self, object, name=None, *args):
-        """Raise an exception for unimplemented types."""
-        message = "don't know how to document object%s of type %s" % (
-            name and ' ' + repr(name), type(object).__name__)
-        raise TypeError(message)
-
-    docmodule = docclass = docroutine = docother = docproperty = docdata = fail
-
-    def getdocloc(self, object,
-                  basedir=os.path.join(sys.base_exec_prefix, "lib",
-                                       "python%d.%d" %  sys.version_info[:2])):
-        """Return the location of module docs or None"""
-
-        try:
-            file = inspect.getabsfile(object)
-        except TypeError:
-            file = '(built-in)'
-
-        docloc = os.environ.get("PYTHONDOCS", self.PYTHONDOCS)
-
-        basedir = os.path.normcase(basedir)
-        if (isinstance(object, type(os)) and
-            (object.__name__ in ('errno', 'exceptions', 'gc', 'imp',
-                                 'marshal', 'posix', 'signal', 'sys',
-                                 '_thread', 'zipimport') or
-             (file.startswith(basedir) and
-              not file.startswith(os.path.join(basedir, 'site-packages')))) and
-            object.__name__ not in ('xml.etree', 'test.pydoc_mod')):
-            if docloc.startswith(("http://", "https://")):
-                docloc = "%s/%s" % (docloc.rstrip("/"), object.__name__.lower())
-            else:
-                docloc = os.path.join(docloc, object.__name__.lower() + ".html")
-        else:
-            docloc = None
-        return docloc
-
-# -------------------------------------------- HTML documentation generator
-
-class HTMLRepr(Repr):
-    """Class for safely making an HTML representation of a Python object."""
-    def __init__(self):
-        Repr.__init__(self)
-        self.maxlist = self.maxtuple = 20
-        self.maxdict = 10
-        self.maxstring = self.maxother = 100
-
-    def escape(self, text):
-        return replace(text, '&', '&amp;', '<', '&lt;', '>', '&gt;')
-
-    def repr(self, object):
-        return Repr.repr(self, object)
-
-    def repr1(self, x, level):
-        if hasattr(type(x), '__name__'):
-            methodname = 'repr_' + '_'.join(type(x).__name__.split())
-            if hasattr(self, methodname):
-                return getattr(self, methodname)(x, level)
-        return self.escape(cram(stripid(repr(x)), self.maxother))
-
-    def repr_string(self, x, level):
-        test = cram(x, self.maxstring)
-        testrepr = repr(test)
-        if '\\' in test and '\\' not in replace(testrepr, r'\\', ''):
-            # Backslashes are only literal in the string and are never
-            # needed to make any special characters, so show a raw string.
-            return 'r' + testrepr[0] + self.escape(test) + testrepr[0]
-        return re.sub(r'((\\[\\abfnrtv\'"]|\\[0-9]..|\\x..|\\u....)+)',
-                      r'<font color="#c040c0">\1</font>',
-                      self.escape(testrepr))
-
-    repr_str = repr_string
-
-    def repr_instance(self, x, level):
-        try:
-            return self.escape(cram(stripid(repr(x)), self.maxstring))
-        except:
-            return self.escape('<%s instance>' % x.__class__.__name__)
-
-    repr_unicode = repr_string
-
-class HTMLDoc(Doc):
-    """Formatter class for HTML documentation."""
-
-    # ------------------------------------------- HTML formatting utilities
-
-    _repr_instance = HTMLRepr()
-    repr = _repr_instance.repr
-    escape = _repr_instance.escape
-
-    def page(self, title, contents):
-        """Format an HTML page."""
-        return '''\
-<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
-<html><head><title>Python: %s</title>
-<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
-</head><body bgcolor="#f0f0f8">
-%s
-</body></html>''' % (title, contents)
-
-    def heading(self, title, fgcol, bgcol, extras=''):
-        """Format a page heading."""
-        return '''
-<table width="100%%" cellspacing=0 cellpadding=2 border=0 summary="heading">
-<tr bgcolor="%s">
-<td valign=bottom>&nbsp;<br>
-<font color="%s" face="helvetica, arial">&nbsp;<br>%s</font></td
-><td align=right valign=bottom
-><font color="%s" face="helvetica, arial">%s</font></td></tr></table>
-    ''' % (bgcol, fgcol, title, fgcol, extras or '&nbsp;')
-
-    def section(self, title, fgcol, bgcol, contents, width=6,
-                prelude='', marginalia=None, gap='&nbsp;'):
-        """Format a section with a heading."""
-        if marginalia is None:
-            marginalia = '<tt>' + '&nbsp;' * width + '</tt>'
-        result = '''<p>
-<table width="100%%" cellspacing=0 cellpadding=2 border=0 summary="section">
-<tr bgcolor="%s">
-<td colspan=3 valign=bottom>&nbsp;<br>
-<font color="%s" face="helvetica, arial">%s</font></td></tr>
-    ''' % (bgcol, fgcol, title)
-        if prelude:
-            result = result + '''
-<tr bgcolor="%s"><td rowspan=2>%s</td>
-<td colspan=2>%s</td></tr>
-<tr><td>%s</td>''' % (bgcol, marginalia, prelude, gap)
-        else:
-            result = result + '''
-<tr><td bgcolor="%s">%s</td><td>%s</td>''' % (bgcol, marginalia, gap)
-
-        return result + '\n<td width="100%%">%s</td></tr></table>' % contents
-
-    def bigsection(self, title, *args):
-        """Format a section with a big heading."""
-        title = '<big><strong>%s</strong></big>' % title
-        return self.section(title, *args)
-
-    def preformat(self, text):
-        """Format literal preformatted text."""
-        text = self.escape(text.expandtabs())
-        return replace(text, '\n\n', '\n \n', '\n\n', '\n \n',
-                             ' ', '&nbsp;', '\n', '<br>\n')
-
-    def multicolumn(self, list, format, cols=4):
-        """Format a list of items into a multi-column list."""
-        result = ''
-        rows = (len(list)+cols-1)//cols
-        for col in range(cols):
-            result = result + '<td width="%d%%" valign=top>' % (100//cols)
-            for i in range(rows*col, rows*col+rows):
-                if i < len(list):
-                    result = result + format(list[i]) + '<br>\n'
-            result = result + '</td>'
-        return '<table width="100%%" summary="list"><tr>%s</tr></table>' % result
-
-    def grey(self, text): return '<font color="#909090">%s</font>' % text
-
-    def namelink(self, name, *dicts):
-        """Make a link for an identifier, given name-to-URL mappings."""
-        for dict in dicts:
-            if name in dict:
-                return '<a href="%s">%s</a>' % (dict[name], name)
-        return name
-
-    def classlink(self, object, modname):
-        """Make a link for a class."""
-        name, module = object.__name__, sys.modules.get(object.__module__)
-        if hasattr(module, name) and getattr(module, name) is object:
-            return '<a href="%s.html#%s">%s</a>' % (
-                module.__name__, name, classname(object, modname))
-        return classname(object, modname)
-
-    def modulelink(self, object):
-        """Make a link for a module."""
-        return '<a href="%s.html">%s</a>' % (object.__name__, object.__name__)
-
-    def modpkglink(self, modpkginfo):
-        """Make a link for a module or package to display in an index."""
-        name, path, ispackage, shadowed = modpkginfo
-        if shadowed:
-            return self.grey(name)
-        if path:
-            url = '%s.%s.html' % (path, name)
-        else:
-            url = '%s.html' % name
-        if ispackage:
-            text = '<strong>%s</strong>&nbsp;(package)' % name
-        else:
-            text = name
-        return '<a href="%s">%s</a>' % (url, text)
-
-    def filelink(self, url, path):
-        """Make a link to source file."""
-        return '<a href="file:%s">%s</a>' % (url, path)
-
-    def markup(self, text, escape=None, funcs={}, classes={}, methods={}):
-        """Mark up some plain text, given a context of symbols to look for.
-        Each context dictionary maps object names to anchor names."""
-        escape = escape or self.escape
-        results = []
-        here = 0
-        pattern = re.compile(r'\b((http|ftp)://\S+[\w/]|'
-                                r'RFC[- ]?(\d+)|'
-                                r'PEP[- ]?(\d+)|'
-                                r'(self\.)?(\w+))')
-        while True:
-            match = pattern.search(text, here)
-            if not match: break
-            start, end = match.span()
-            results.append(escape(text[here:start]))
-
-            all, scheme, rfc, pep, selfdot, name = match.groups()
-            if scheme:
-                url = escape(all).replace('"', '&quot;')
-                results.append('<a href="%s">%s</a>' % (url, url))
-            elif rfc:
-                url = 'http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc%d.txt' % int(rfc)
-                results.append('<a href="%s">%s</a>' % (url, escape(all)))
-            elif pep:
-                url = 'http://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-%04d/' % int(pep)
-                results.append('<a href="%s">%s</a>' % (url, escape(all)))
-            elif selfdot:
-                # Create a link for methods like 'self.method(...)'
-                # and use <strong> for attributes like 'self.attr'
-                if text[end:end+1] == '(':
-                    results.append('self.' + self.namelink(name, methods))
-                else:
-                    results.append('self.<strong>%s</strong>' % name)
-            elif text[end:end+1] == '(':
-                results.append(self.namelink(name, methods, funcs, classes))
-            else:
-                results.append(self.namelink(name, classes))
-            here = end
-        results.append(escape(text[here:]))
-        return ''.join(results)
-
-    # ---------------------------------------------- type-specific routines
-
-    def formattree(self, tree, modname, parent=None):
-        """Produce HTML for a class tree as given by inspect.getclasstree()."""
-        result = ''
-        for entry in tree:
-            if type(entry) is type(()):
-                c, bases = entry
-                result = result + '<dt><font face="helvetica, arial">'
-                result = result + self.classlink(c, modname)
-                if bases and bases != (parent,):
-                    parents = []
-                    for base in bases:
-                        parents.append(self.classlink(base, modname))
-                    result = result + '(' + ', '.join(parents) + ')'
-                result = result + '\n</font></dt>'
-            elif type(entry) is type([]):
-                result = result + '<dd>\n%s</dd>\n' % self.formattree(
-                    entry, modname, c)
-        return '<dl>\n%s</dl>\n' % result
-
-    def docmodule(self, object, name=None, mod=None, *ignored):
-        """Produce HTML documentation for a module object."""
-        name = object.__name__ # ignore the passed-in name
-        try:
-            all = object.__all__
-        except AttributeError:
-            all = None
-        parts = name.split('.')
-        links = []
-        for i in range(len(parts)-1):
-            links.append(
-                '<a href="%s.html"><font color="#ffffff">%s</font></a>' %
-                ('.'.join(parts[:i+1]), parts[i]))
-        linkedname = '.'.join(links + parts[-1:])
-        head = '<big><big><strong>%s</strong></big></big>' % linkedname
-        try:
-            path = inspect.getabsfile(object)
-            url = urllib.parse.quote(path)
-            filelink = self.filelink(url, path)
-        except TypeError:
-            filelink = '(built-in)'
-        info = []
-        if hasattr(object, '__version__'):
-            version = str(object.__version__)
-            if version[:11] == '$' + 'Revision: ' and version[-1:] == '$':
-                version = version[11:-1].strip()
-            info.append('version %s' % self.escape(version))
-        if hasattr(object, '__date__'):
-            info.append(self.escape(str(object.__date__)))
-        if info:
-            head = head + ' (%s)' % ', '.join(info)
-        docloc = self.getdocloc(object)
-        if docloc is not None:
-            docloc = '<br><a href="%(docloc)s">Module Reference</a>' % locals()
-        else:
-            docloc = ''
-        result = self.heading(
-            head, '#ffffff', '#7799ee',
-            '<a href=".">index</a><br>' + filelink + docloc)
-
-        modules = inspect.getmembers(object, inspect.ismodule)
-
-        classes, cdict = [], {}
-        for key, value in inspect.getmembers(object, inspect.isclass):
-            # if __all__ exists, believe it.  Otherwise use old heuristic.
-            if (all is not None or
-                (inspect.getmodule(value) or object) is object):
-                if visiblename(key, all, object):
-                    classes.append((key, value))
-                    cdict[key] = cdict[value] = '#' + key
-        for key, value in classes:
-            for base in value.__bases__:
-                key, modname = base.__name__, base.__module__
-                module = sys.modules.get(modname)
-                if modname != name and module and hasattr(module, key):
-                    if getattr(module, key) is base:
-                        if not key in cdict:
-                            cdict[key] = cdict[base] = modname + '.html#' + key
-        funcs, fdict = [], {}
-        for key, value in inspect.getmembers(object, inspect.isroutine):
-            # if __all__ exists, believe it.  Otherwise use old heuristic.
-            if (all is not None or
-                inspect.isbuiltin(value) or inspect.getmodule(value) is object):
-                if visiblename(key, all, object):
-                    funcs.append((key, value))
-                    fdict[key] = '#-' + key
-                    if inspect.isfunction(value): fdict[value] = fdict[key]
-        data = []
-        for key, value in inspect.getmembers(object, isdata):
-            if visiblename(key, all, object):
-                data.append((key, value))
-
-        doc = self.markup(getdoc(object), self.preformat, fdict, cdict)
-        doc = doc and '<tt>%s</tt>' % doc
-        result = result + '<p>%s</p>\n' % doc
-
-        if hasattr(object, '__path__'):
-            modpkgs = []
-            for importer, modname, ispkg in pkgutil.iter_modules(object.__path__):
-                modpkgs.append((modname, name, ispkg, 0))
-            modpkgs.sort()
-            contents = self.multicolumn(modpkgs, self.modpkglink)
-            result = result + self.bigsection(
-                'Package Contents', '#ffffff', '#aa55cc', contents)
-        elif modules:
-            contents = self.multicolumn(
-                modules, lambda t: self.modulelink(t[1]))
-            result = result + self.bigsection(
-                'Modules', '#ffffff', '#aa55cc', contents)
-
-        if classes:
-            classlist = [value for (key, value) in classes]
-            contents = [
-                self.formattree(inspect.getclasstree(classlist, 1), name)]
-            for key, value in classes:
-                contents.append(self.document(value, key, name, fdict, cdict))
-            result = result + self.bigsection(
-                'Classes', '#ffffff', '#ee77aa', ' '.join(contents))
-        if funcs:
-            contents = []
-            for key, value in funcs:
-                contents.append(self.document(value, key, name, fdict, cdict))
-            result = result + self.bigsection(
-                'Functions', '#ffffff', '#eeaa77', ' '.join(contents))
-        if data:
-            contents = []
-            for key, value in data:
-                contents.append(self.document(value, key))
-            result = result + self.bigsection(
-                'Data', '#ffffff', '#55aa55', '<br>\n'.join(contents))
-        if hasattr(object, '__author__'):
-            contents = self.markup(str(object.__author__), self.preformat)
-            result = result + self.bigsection(
-                'Author', '#ffffff', '#7799ee', contents)
-        if hasattr(object, '__credits__'):
-            contents = self.markup(str(object.__credits__), self.preformat)
-            result = result + self.bigsection(
-                'Credits', '#ffffff', '#7799ee', contents)
-
-        return result
-
-    def docclass(self, object, name=None, mod=None, funcs={}, classes={},
-                 *ignored):
-        """Produce HTML documentation for a class object."""
-        realname = object.__name__
-        name = name or realname
-        bases = object.__bases__
-
-        contents = []
-        push = contents.append
-
-        # Cute little class to pump out a horizontal rule between sections.
-        class HorizontalRule:
-            def __init__(self):
-                self.needone = 0
-            def maybe(self):
-                if self.needone:
-                    push('<hr>\n')
-                self.needone = 1
-        hr = HorizontalRule()
-
-        # List the mro, if non-trivial.
-        mro = deque(inspect.getmro(object))
-        if len(mro) > 2:
-            hr.maybe()
-            push('<dl><dt>Method resolution order:</dt>\n')
-            for base in mro:
-                push('<dd>%s</dd>\n' % self.classlink(base,
-                                                      object.__module__))
-            push('</dl>\n')
-
-        def spill(msg, attrs, predicate):
-            ok, attrs = _split_list(attrs, predicate)
-            if ok:
-                hr.maybe()
-                push(msg)
-                for name, kind, homecls, value in ok:
-                    try:
-                        value = getattr(object, name)
-                    except Exception:
-                        # Some descriptors may meet a failure in their __get__.
-                        # (bug #1785)
-                        push(self._docdescriptor(name, value, mod))
-                    else:
-                        push(self.document(value, name, mod,
-                                        funcs, classes, mdict, object))
-                    push('\n')
-            return attrs
-
-        def spilldescriptors(msg, attrs, predicate):
-            ok, attrs = _split_list(attrs, predicate)
-            if ok:
-                hr.maybe()
-                push(msg)
-                for name, kind, homecls, value in ok:
-                    push(self._docdescriptor(name, value, mod))
-            return attrs
-
-        def spilldata(msg, attrs, predicate):
-            ok, attrs = _split_list(attrs, predicate)
-            if ok:
-                hr.maybe()
-                push(msg)
-                for name, kind, homecls, value in ok:
-                    base = self.docother(getattr(object, name), name, mod)
-                    if callable(value) or inspect.isdatadescriptor(value):
-                        doc = getattr(value, "__doc__", None)
-                    else:
-                        doc = None
-                    if doc is None:
-                        push('<dl><dt>%s</dl>\n' % base)
-                    else:
-                        doc = self.markup(getdoc(value), self.preformat,
-                                          funcs, classes, mdict)
-                        doc = '<dd><tt>%s</tt>' % doc
-                        push('<dl><dt>%s%s</dl>\n' % (base, doc))
-                    push('\n')
-            return attrs
-
-        attrs = [(name, kind, cls, value)
-                 for name, kind, cls, value in classify_class_attrs(object)
-                 if visiblename(name, obj=object)]
-
-        mdict = {}
-        for key, kind, homecls, value in attrs:
-            mdict[key] = anchor = '#' + name + '-' + key
-            try:
-                value = getattr(object, name)
-            except Exception:
-                # Some descriptors may meet a failure in their __get__.
-                # (bug #1785)
-                pass
-            try:
-                # The value may not be hashable (e.g., a data attr with
-                # a dict or list value).
-                mdict[value] = anchor
-            except TypeError:
-                pass
-
-        while attrs:
-            if mro:
-                thisclass = mro.popleft()
-            else:
-                thisclass = attrs[0][2]
-            attrs, inherited = _split_list(attrs, lambda t: t[2] is thisclass)
-
-            if thisclass is builtins.object:
-                attrs = inherited
-                continue
-            elif thisclass is object:
-                tag = 'defined here'
-            else:
-                tag = 'inherited from %s' % self.classlink(thisclass,
-                                                           object.__module__)
-            tag += ':<br>\n'
-
-            sort_attributes(attrs, object)
-
-            # Pump out the attrs, segregated by kind.
-            attrs = spill('Methods %s' % tag, attrs,
-                          lambda t: t[1] == 'method')
-            attrs = spill('Class methods %s' % tag, attrs,
-                          lambda t: t[1] == 'class method')
-            attrs = spill('Static methods %s' % tag, attrs,
-                          lambda t: t[1] == 'static method')
-            attrs = spilldescriptors('Data descriptors %s' % tag, attrs,
-                                     lambda t: t[1] == 'data descriptor')
-            attrs = spilldata('Data and other attributes %s' % tag, attrs,
-                              lambda t: t[1] == 'data')
-            assert attrs == []
-            attrs = inherited
-
-        contents = ''.join(contents)
-
-        if name == realname:
-            title = '<a name="%s">class <strong>%s</strong></a>' % (
-                name, realname)
-        else:
-            title = '<strong>%s</strong> = <a name="%s">class %s</a>' % (
-                name, name, realname)
-        if bases:
-            parents = []
-            for base in bases:
-                parents.append(self.classlink(base, object.__module__))
-            title = title + '(%s)' % ', '.join(parents)
-        doc = self.markup(getdoc(object), self.preformat, funcs, classes, mdict)
-        doc = doc and '<tt>%s<br>&nbsp;</tt>' % doc
-
-        return self.section(title, '#000000', '#ffc8d8', contents, 3, doc)
-
-    def formatvalue(self, object):
-        """Format an argument default value as text."""
-        return self.grey('=' + self.repr(object))
-
-    def docroutine(self, object, name=None, mod=None,
-                   funcs={}, classes={}, methods={}, cl=None):
-        """Produce HTML documentation for a function or method object."""
-        realname = object.__name__
-        name = name or realname
-        anchor = (cl and cl.__name__ or '') + '-' + name
-        note = ''
-        skipdocs = 0
-        if _is_bound_method(object):
-            imclass = object.__self__.__class__
-            if cl:
-                if imclass is not cl:
-                    note = ' from ' + self.classlink(imclass, mod)
-            else:
-                if object.__self__ is not None:
-                    note = ' method of %s instance' % self.classlink(
-                        object.__self__.__class__, mod)
-                else:
-                    note = ' unbound %s method' % self.classlink(imclass,mod)
-
-        if name == realname:
-            title = '<a name="%s"><strong>%s</strong></a>' % (anchor, realname)
-        else:
-            if (cl and realname in cl.__dict__ and
-                cl.__dict__[realname] is object):
-                reallink = '<a href="#%s">%s</a>' % (
-                    cl.__name__ + '-' + realname, realname)
-                skipdocs = 1
-            else:
-                reallink = realname
-            title = '<a name="%s"><strong>%s</strong></a> = %s' % (
-                anchor, name, reallink)
-        argspec = None
-        if inspect.isroutine(object):
-            try:
-                signature = inspect.signature(object)
-            except (ValueError, TypeError):
-                signature = None
-            if signature:
-                argspec = str(signature)
-                if realname == '<lambda>':
-                    title = '<strong>%s</strong> <em>lambda</em> ' % name
-                    # XXX lambda's won't usually have func_annotations['return']
-                    # since the syntax doesn't support but it is possible.
-                    # So removing parentheses isn't truly safe.
-                    argspec = argspec[1:-1] # remove parentheses
-        if not argspec:
-            argspec = '(...)'
-
-        decl = title + self.escape(argspec) + (note and self.grey(
-               '<font face="helvetica, arial">%s</font>' % note))
-
-        if skipdocs:
-            return '<dl><dt>%s</dt></dl>\n' % decl
-        else:
-            doc = self.markup(
-                getdoc(object), self.preformat, funcs, classes, methods)
-            doc = doc and '<dd><tt>%s</tt></dd>' % doc
-            return '<dl><dt>%s</dt>%s</dl>\n' % (decl, doc)
-
-    def _docdescriptor(self, name, value, mod):
-        results = []
-        push = results.append
-
-        if name:
-            push('<dl><dt><strong>%s</strong></dt>\n' % name)
-        if value.__doc__ is not None:
-            doc = self.markup(getdoc(value), self.preformat)
-            push('<dd><tt>%s</tt></dd>\n' % doc)
-        push('</dl>\n')
-
-        return ''.join(results)
-
-    def docproperty(self, object, name=None, mod=None, cl=None):
-        """Produce html documentation for a property."""
-        return self._docdescriptor(name, object, mod)
-
-    def docother(self, object, name=None, mod=None, *ignored):
-        """Produce HTML documentation for a data object."""
-        lhs = name and '<strong>%s</strong> = ' % name or ''
-        return lhs + self.repr(object)
-
-    def docdata(self, object, name=None, mod=None, cl=None):
-        """Produce html documentation for a data descriptor."""
-        return self._docdescriptor(name, object, mod)
-
-    def index(self, dir, shadowed=None):
-        """Generate an HTML index for a directory of modules."""
-        modpkgs = []
-        if shadowed is None: shadowed = {}
-        for importer, name, ispkg in pkgutil.iter_modules([dir]):
-            if any((0xD800 <= ord(ch) <= 0xDFFF) for ch in name):
-                # ignore a module if its name contains a surrogate character
-                continue
-            modpkgs.append((name, '', ispkg, name in shadowed))
-            shadowed[name] = 1
-
-        modpkgs.sort()
-        contents = self.multicolumn(modpkgs, self.modpkglink)
-        return self.bigsection(dir, '#ffffff', '#ee77aa', contents)
-
-# -------------------------------------------- text documentation generator
-
-class TextRepr(Repr):
-    """Class for safely making a text representation of a Python object."""
-    def __init__(self):
-        Repr.__init__(self)
-        self.maxlist = self.maxtuple = 20
-        self.maxdict = 10
-        self.maxstring = self.maxother = 100
-
-    def repr1(self, x, level):
-        if hasattr(type(x), '__name__'):
-            methodname = 'repr_' + '_'.join(type(x).__name__.split())
-            if hasattr(self, methodname):
-                return getattr(self, methodname)(x, level)
-        return cram(stripid(repr(x)), self.maxother)
-
-    def repr_string(self, x, level):
-        test = cram(x, self.maxstring)
-        testrepr = repr(test)
-        if '\\' in test and '\\' not in replace(testrepr, r'\\', ''):
-            # Backslashes are only literal in the string and are never
-            # needed to make any special characters, so show a raw string.
-            return 'r' + testrepr[0] + test + testrepr[0]
-        return testrepr
-
-    repr_str = repr_string
-
-    def repr_instance(self, x, level):
-        try:
-            return cram(stripid(repr(x)), self.maxstring)
-        except:
-            return '<%s instance>' % x.__class__.__name__
-
-class TextDoc(Doc):
-    """Formatter class for text documentation."""
-
-    # ------------------------------------------- text formatting utilities
-
-    _repr_instance = TextRepr()
-    repr = _repr_instance.repr
-
-    def bold(self, text):
-        """Format a string in bold by overstriking."""
-        return ''.join(ch + '\b' + ch for ch in text)
-
-    def indent(self, text, prefix='    '):
-        """Indent text by prepending a given prefix to each line."""
-        if not text: return ''
-        lines = [prefix + line for line in text.split('\n')]
-        if lines: lines[-1] = lines[-1].rstrip()
-        return '\n'.join(lines)
-
-    def section(self, title, contents):
-        """Format a section with a given heading."""
-        clean_contents = self.indent(contents).rstrip()
-        return self.bold(title) + '\n' + clean_contents + '\n\n'
-
-    # ---------------------------------------------- type-specific routines
-
-    def formattree(self, tree, modname, parent=None, prefix=''):
-        """Render in text a class tree as returned by inspect.getclasstree()."""
-        result = ''
-        for entry in tree:
-            if type(entry) is type(()):
-                c, bases = entry
-                result = result + prefix + classname(c, modname)
-                if bases and bases != (parent,):
-                    parents = (classname(c, modname) for c in bases)
-                    result = result + '(%s)' % ', '.join(parents)
-                result = result + '\n'
-            elif type(entry) is type([]):
-                result = result + self.formattree(
-                    entry, modname, c, prefix + '    ')
-        return result
-
-    def docmodule(self, object, name=None, mod=None):
-        """Produce text documentation for a given module object."""
-        name = object.__name__ # ignore the passed-in name
-        synop, desc = splitdoc(getdoc(object))
-        result = self.section('NAME', name + (synop and ' - ' + synop))
-        all = getattr(object, '__all__', None)
-        docloc = self.getdocloc(object)
-        if docloc is not None:
-            result = result + self.section('MODULE REFERENCE', docloc + """
-
-The following documentation is automatically generated from the Python
-source files.  It may be incomplete, incorrect or include features that
-are considered implementation detail and may vary between Python
-implementations.  When in doubt, consult the module reference at the
-location listed above.
-""")
-
-        if desc:
-            result = result + self.section('DESCRIPTION', desc)
-
-        classes = []
-        for key, value in inspect.getmembers(object, inspect.isclass):
-            # if __all__ exists, believe it.  Otherwise use old heuristic.
-            if (all is not None
-                or (inspect.getmodule(value) or object) is object):
-                if visiblename(key, all, object):
-                    classes.append((key, value))
-        funcs = []
-        for key, value in inspect.getmembers(object, inspect.isroutine):
-            # if __all__ exists, believe it.  Otherwise use old heuristic.
-            if (all is not None or
-                inspect.isbuiltin(value) or inspect.getmodule(value) is object):
-                if visiblename(key, all, object):
-                    funcs.append((key, value))
-        data = []
-        for key, value in inspect.getmembers(object, isdata):
-            if visiblename(key, all, object):
-                data.append((key, value))
-
-        modpkgs = []
-        modpkgs_names = set()
-        if hasattr(object, '__path__'):
-            for importer, modname, ispkg in pkgutil.iter_modules(object.__path__):
-                modpkgs_names.add(modname)
-                if ispkg:
-                    modpkgs.append(modname + ' (package)')
-                else:
-                    modpkgs.append(modname)
-
-            modpkgs.sort()
-            result = result + self.section(
-                'PACKAGE CONTENTS', '\n'.join(modpkgs))
-
-        # Detect submodules as sometimes created by C extensions
-        submodules = []
-        for key, value in inspect.getmembers(object, inspect.ismodule):
-            if value.__name__.startswith(name + '.') and key not in modpkgs_names:
-                submodules.append(key)
-        if submodules:
-            submodules.sort()
-            result = result + self.section(
-                'SUBMODULES', '\n'.join(submodules))
-
-        if classes:
-            classlist = [value for key, value in classes]
-            contents = [self.formattree(
-                inspect.getclasstree(classlist, 1), name)]
-            for key, value in classes:
-                contents.append(self.document(value, key, name))
-            result = result + self.section('CLASSES', '\n'.join(contents))
-
-        if funcs:
-            contents = []
-            for key, value in funcs:
-                contents.append(self.document(value, key, name))
-            result = result + self.section('FUNCTIONS', '\n'.join(contents))
-
-        if data:
-            contents = []
-            for key, value in data:
-                contents.append(self.docother(value, key, name, maxlen=70))
-            result = result + self.section('DATA', '\n'.join(contents))
-
-        if hasattr(object, '__version__'):
-            version = str(object.__version__)
-            if version[:11] == '$' + 'Revision: ' and version[-1:] == '$':
-                version = version[11:-1].strip()
-            result = result + self.section('VERSION', version)
-        if hasattr(object, '__date__'):
-            result = result + self.section('DATE', str(object.__date__))
-        if hasattr(object, '__author__'):
-            result = result + self.section('AUTHOR', str(object.__author__))
-        if hasattr(object, '__credits__'):
-            result = result + self.section('CREDITS', str(object.__credits__))
-        try:
-            file = inspect.getabsfile(object)
-        except TypeError:
-            file = '(built-in)'
-        result = result + self.section('FILE', file)
-        return result
-
-    def docclass(self, object, name=None, mod=None, *ignored):
-        """Produce text documentation for a given class object."""
-        realname = object.__name__
-        name = name or realname
-        bases = object.__bases__
-
-        def makename(c, m=object.__module__):
-            return classname(c, m)
-
-        if name == realname:
-            title = 'class ' + self.bold(realname)
-        else:
-            title = self.bold(name) + ' = class ' + realname
-        if bases:
-            parents = map(makename, bases)
-            title = title + '(%s)' % ', '.join(parents)
-
-        doc = getdoc(object)
-        contents = doc and [doc + '\n'] or []
-        push = contents.append
-
-        # List the mro, if non-trivial.
-        mro = deque(inspect.getmro(object))
-        if len(mro) > 2:
-            push("Method resolution order:")
-            for base in mro:
-                push('    ' + makename(base))
-            push('')
-
-        # Cute little class to pump out a horizontal rule between sections.
-        class HorizontalRule:
-            def __init__(self):
-                self.needone = 0
-            def maybe(self):
-                if self.needone:
-                    push('-' * 70)
-                self.needone = 1
-        hr = HorizontalRule()
-
-        def spill(msg, attrs, predicate):
-            ok, attrs = _split_list(attrs, predicate)
-            if ok:
-                hr.maybe()
-                push(msg)
-                for name, kind, homecls, value in ok:
-                    try:
-                        value = getattr(object, name)
-                    except Exception:
-                        # Some descriptors may meet a failure in their __get__.
-                        # (bug #1785)
-                        push(self._docdescriptor(name, value, mod))
-                    else:
-                        push(self.document(value,
-                                        name, mod, object))
-            return attrs
-
-        def spilldescriptors(msg, attrs, predicate):
-            ok, attrs = _split_list(attrs, predicate)
-            if ok:
-                hr.maybe()
-                push(msg)
-                for name, kind, homecls, value in ok:
-                    push(self._docdescriptor(name, value, mod))
-            return attrs
-
-        def spilldata(msg, attrs, predicate):
-            ok, attrs = _split_list(attrs, predicate)
-            if ok:
-                hr.maybe()
-                push(msg)
-                for name, kind, homecls, value in ok:
-                    if callable(value) or inspect.isdatadescriptor(value):
-                        doc = getdoc(value)
-                    else:
-                        doc = None
-                    try:
-                        obj = getattr(object, name)
-                    except AttributeError:
-                        obj = homecls.__dict__[name]
-                    push(self.docother(obj, name, mod, maxlen=70, doc=doc) +
-                         '\n')
-            return attrs
-
-        attrs = [(name, kind, cls, value)
-                 for name, kind, cls, value in classify_class_attrs(object)
-                 if visiblename(name, obj=object)]
-
-        while attrs:
-            if mro:
-                thisclass = mro.popleft()
-            else:
-                thisclass = attrs[0][2]
-            attrs, inherited = _split_list(attrs, lambda t: t[2] is thisclass)
-
-            if thisclass is builtins.object:
-                attrs = inherited
-                continue
-            elif thisclass is object:
-                tag = "defined here"
-            else:
-                tag = "inherited from %s" % classname(thisclass,
-                                                      object.__module__)
-
-            sort_attributes(attrs, object)
-
-            # Pump out the attrs, segregated by kind.
-            attrs = spill("Methods %s:\n" % tag, attrs,
-                          lambda t: t[1] == 'method')
-            attrs = spill("Class methods %s:\n" % tag, attrs,
-                          lambda t: t[1] == 'class method')
-            attrs = spill("Static methods %s:\n" % tag, attrs,
-                          lambda t: t[1] == 'static method')
-            attrs = spilldescriptors("Data descriptors %s:\n" % tag, attrs,
-                                     lambda t: t[1] == 'data descriptor')
-            attrs = spilldata("Data and other attributes %s:\n" % tag, attrs,
-                              lambda t: t[1] == 'data')
-
-            assert attrs == []
-            attrs = inherited
-
-        contents = '\n'.join(contents)
-        if not contents:
-            return title + '\n'
-        return title + '\n' + self.indent(contents.rstrip(), ' |  ') + '\n'
-
-    def formatvalue(self, object):
-        """Format an argument default value as text."""
-        return '=' + self.repr(object)
-
-    def docroutine(self, object, name=None, mod=None, cl=None):
-        """Produce text documentation for a function or method object."""
-        realname = object.__name__
-        name = name or realname
-        note = ''
-        skipdocs = 0
-        if _is_bound_method(object):
-            imclass = object.__self__.__class__
-            if cl:
-                if imclass is not cl:
-                    note = ' from ' + classname(imclass, mod)
-            else:
-                if object.__self__ is not None:
-                    note = ' method of %s instance' % classname(
-                        object.__self__.__class__, mod)
-                else:
-                    note = ' unbound %s method' % classname(imclass,mod)
-
-        if name == realname:
-            title = self.bold(realname)
-        else:
-            if (cl and realname in cl.__dict__ and
-                cl.__dict__[realname] is object):
-                skipdocs = 1
-            title = self.bold(name) + ' = ' + realname
-        argspec = None
-
-        if inspect.isroutine(object):
-            try:
-                signature = inspect.signature(object)
-            except (ValueError, TypeError):
-                signature = None
-            if signature:
-                argspec = str(signature)
-                if realname == '<lambda>':
-                    title = self.bold(name) + ' lambda '
-                    # XXX lambda's won't usually have func_annotations['return']
-                    # since the syntax doesn't support but it is possible.
-                    # So removing parentheses isn't truly safe.
-                    argspec = argspec[1:-1] # remove parentheses
-        if not argspec:
-            argspec = '(...)'
-        decl = title + argspec + note
-
-        if skipdocs:
-            return decl + '\n'
-        else:
-            doc = getdoc(object) or ''
-            return decl + '\n' + (doc and self.indent(doc).rstrip() + '\n')
-
-    def _docdescriptor(self, name, value, mod):
-        results = []
-        push = results.append
-
-        if name:
-            push(self.bold(name))
-            push('\n')
-        doc = getdoc(value) or ''
-        if doc:
-            push(self.indent(doc))
-            push('\n')
-        return ''.join(results)
-
-    def docproperty(self, object, name=None, mod=None, cl=None):
-        """Produce text documentation for a property."""
-        return self._docdescriptor(name, object, mod)
-
-    def docdata(self, object, name=None, mod=None, cl=None):
-        """Produce text documentation for a data descriptor."""
-        return self._docdescriptor(name, object, mod)
-
-    def docother(self, object, name=None, mod=None, parent=None, maxlen=None, doc=None):
-        """Produce text documentation for a data object."""
-        repr = self.repr(object)
-        if maxlen:
-            line = (name and name + ' = ' or '') + repr
-            chop = maxlen - len(line)
-            if chop < 0: repr = repr[:chop] + '...'
-        line = (name and self.bold(name) + ' = ' or '') + repr
-        if doc is not None:
-            line += '\n' + self.indent(str(doc))
-        return line
-
-class _PlainTextDoc(TextDoc):
-    """Subclass of TextDoc which overrides string styling"""
-    def bold(self, text):
-        return text
-
-# --------------------------------------------------------- user interfaces
-
-def pager(text):
-    """The first time this is called, determine what kind of pager to use."""
-    global pager
-    pager = getpager()
-    pager(text)
-
-def getpager():
-    """Decide what method to use for paging through text."""
-    if not hasattr(sys.stdin, "isatty"):
-        return plainpager
-    if not hasattr(sys.stdout, "isatty"):
-        return plainpager
-    if not sys.stdin.isatty() or not sys.stdout.isatty():
-        return plainpager
-    use_pager = os.environ.get('MANPAGER') or os.environ.get('PAGER')
-    if use_pager:
-        if sys.platform == 'win32': # pipes completely broken in Windows
-            return lambda text: tempfilepager(plain(text), use_pager)
-        elif os.environ.get('TERM') in ('dumb', 'emacs'):
-            return lambda text: pipepager(plain(text), use_pager)
-        else:
-            return lambda text: pipepager(text, use_pager)
-    if os.environ.get('TERM') in ('dumb', 'emacs'):
-        return plainpager
-    if sys.platform == 'win32':
-        return lambda text: tempfilepager(plain(text), 'more <')
-    if hasattr(os, 'system') and os.system('(less) 2>/dev/null') == 0:
-        return lambda text: pipepager(text, 'less')
-
-    import tempfile
-    (fd, filename) = tempfile.mkstemp()
-    os.close(fd)
-    try:
-        if hasattr(os, 'system') and os.system('more "%s"' % filename) == 0:
-            return lambda text: pipepager(text, 'more')
-        else:
-            return ttypager
-    finally:
-        os.unlink(filename)
-
-def plain(text):
-    """Remove boldface formatting from text."""
-    return re.sub('.\b', '', text)
-
-def pipepager(text, cmd):
-    """Page through text by feeding it to another program."""
-    import subprocess
-    proc = subprocess.Popen(cmd, shell=True, stdin=subprocess.PIPE)
-    try:
-        with io.TextIOWrapper(proc.stdin, errors='backslashreplace') as pipe:
-            try:
-                pipe.write(text)
-            except KeyboardInterrupt:
-                # We've hereby abandoned whatever text hasn't been written,
-                # but the pager is still in control of the terminal.
-                pass
-    except OSError:
-        pass # Ignore broken pipes caused by quitting the pager program.
-    while True:
-        try:
-            proc.wait()
-            break
-        except KeyboardInterrupt:
-            # Ignore ctl-c like the pager itself does.  Otherwise the pager is
-            # left running and the terminal is in raw mode and unusable.
-            pass
-
-def tempfilepager(text, cmd):
-    """Page through text by invoking a program on a temporary file."""
-    import tempfile
-    filename = tempfile.mktemp()
-    with open(filename, 'w', errors='backslashreplace') as file:
-        file.write(text)
-    try:
-        os.system(cmd + ' "' + filename + '"')
-    finally:
-        os.unlink(filename)
-
-def _escape_stdout(text):
-    # Escape non-encodable characters to avoid encoding errors later
-    encoding = getattr(sys.stdout, 'encoding', None) or 'utf-8'
-    return text.encode(encoding, 'backslashreplace').decode(encoding)
-
-def ttypager(text):
-    """Page through text on a text terminal."""
-    lines = plain(_escape_stdout(text)).split('\n')
-    try:
-        import tty
-        fd = sys.stdin.fileno()
-        old = tty.tcgetattr(fd)
-        tty.setcbreak(fd)
-        getchar = lambda: sys.stdin.read(1)
-    except (ImportError, AttributeError, io.UnsupportedOperation):
-        tty = None
-        getchar = lambda: sys.stdin.readline()[:-1][:1]
-
-    try:
-        try:
-            h = int(os.environ.get('LINES', 0))
-        except ValueError:
-            h = 0
-        if h <= 1:
-            h = 25
-        r = inc = h - 1
-        sys.stdout.write('\n'.join(lines[:inc]) + '\n')
-        while lines[r:]:
-            sys.stdout.write('-- more --')
-            sys.stdout.flush()
-            c = getchar()
-
-            if c in ('q', 'Q'):
-                sys.stdout.write('\r          \r')
-                break
-            elif c in ('\r', '\n'):
-                sys.stdout.write('\r          \r' + lines[r] + '\n')
-                r = r + 1
-                continue
-            if c in ('b', 'B', '\x1b'):
-                r = r - inc - inc
-                if r < 0: r = 0
-            sys.stdout.write('\n' + '\n'.join(lines[r:r+inc]) + '\n')
-            r = r + inc
-
-    finally:
-        if tty:
-            tty.tcsetattr(fd, tty.TCSAFLUSH, old)
-
-def plainpager(text):
-    """Simply print unformatted text.  This is the ultimate fallback."""
-    sys.stdout.write(plain(_escape_stdout(text)))
-
-def describe(thing):
-    """Produce a short description of the given thing."""
-    if inspect.ismodule(thing):
-        if thing.__name__ in sys.builtin_module_names:
-            return 'built-in module ' + thing.__name__
-        if hasattr(thing, '__path__'):
-            return 'package ' + thing.__name__
-        else:
-            return 'module ' + thing.__name__
-    if inspect.isbuiltin(thing):
-        return 'built-in function ' + thing.__name__
-    if inspect.isgetsetdescriptor(thing):
-        return 'getset descriptor %s.%s.%s' % (
-            thing.__objclass__.__module__, thing.__objclass__.__name__,
-            thing.__name__)
-    if inspect.ismemberdescriptor(thing):
-        return 'member descriptor %s.%s.%s' % (
-            thing.__objclass__.__module__, thing.__objclass__.__name__,
-            thing.__name__)
-    if inspect.isclass(thing):
-        return 'class ' + thing.__name__
-    if inspect.isfunction(thing):
-        return 'function ' + thing.__name__
-    if inspect.ismethod(thing):
-        return 'method ' + thing.__name__
-    return type(thing).__name__
-
-def locate(path, forceload=0):
-    """Locate an object by name or dotted path, importing as necessary."""
-    parts = [part for part in path.split('.') if part]
-    module, n = None, 0
-    while n < len(parts):
-        nextmodule = safeimport('.'.join(parts[:n+1]), forceload)
-        if nextmodule: module, n = nextmodule, n + 1
-        else: break
-    if module:
-        object = module
-    else:
-        object = builtins
-    for part in parts[n:]:
-        try:
-            object = getattr(object, part)
-        except AttributeError:
-            return None
-    return object
-
-# --------------------------------------- interactive interpreter interface
-
-text = TextDoc()
-plaintext = _PlainTextDoc()
-html = HTMLDoc()
-
-def resolve(thing, forceload=0):
-    """Given an object or a path to an object, get the object and its name."""
-    if isinstance(thing, str):
-        object = locate(thing, forceload)
-        if object is None:
-            raise ImportError('''\
-No Python documentation found for %r.
-Use help() to get the interactive help utility.
-Use help(str) for help on the str class.''' % thing)
-        return object, thing
-    else:
-        name = getattr(thing, '__name__', None)
-        return thing, name if isinstance(name, str) else None
-
-def render_doc(thing, title='Python Library Documentation: %s', forceload=0,
-        renderer=None):
-    """Render text documentation, given an object or a path to an object."""
-    if renderer is None:
-        renderer = text
-    object, name = resolve(thing, forceload)
-    desc = describe(object)
-    module = inspect.getmodule(object)
-    if name and '.' in name:
-        desc += ' in ' + name[:name.rfind('.')]
-    elif module and module is not object:
-        desc += ' in module ' + module.__name__
-
-    if not (inspect.ismodule(object) or
-              inspect.isclass(object) or
-              inspect.isroutine(object) or
-              inspect.isgetsetdescriptor(object) or
-              inspect.ismemberdescriptor(object) or
-              isinstance(object, property)):
-        # If the passed object is a piece of data or an instance,
-        # document its available methods instead of its value.
-        object = type(object)
-        desc += ' object'
-    return title % desc + '\n\n' + renderer.document(object, name)
-
-def doc(thing, title='Python Library Documentation: %s', forceload=0,
-        output=None):
-    """Display text documentation, given an object or a path to an object."""
-    try:
-        if output is None:
-            pager(render_doc(thing, title, forceload))
-        else:
-            output.write(render_doc(thing, title, forceload, plaintext))
-    except (ImportError, ErrorDuringImport) as value:
-        print(value)
-
-def writedoc(thing, forceload=0):
-    """Write HTML documentation to a file in the current directory."""
-    try:
-        object, name = resolve(thing, forceload)
-        page = html.page(describe(object), html.document(object, name))
-        with open(name + '.html', 'w', encoding='utf-8') as file:
-            file.write(page)
-        print('wrote', name + '.html')
-    except (ImportError, ErrorDuringImport) as value:
-        print(value)
-
-def writedocs(dir, pkgpath='', done=None):
-    """Write out HTML documentation for all modules in a directory tree."""
-    if done is None: done = {}
-    for importer, modname, ispkg in pkgutil.walk_packages([dir], pkgpath):
-        writedoc(modname)
-    return
-
-class Helper:
-
-    # These dictionaries map a topic name to either an alias, or a tuple
-    # (label, seealso-items).  The "label" is the label of the corresponding
-    # section in the .rst file under Doc/ and an index into the dictionary
-    # in pydoc_data/topics.py.
-    #
-    # CAUTION: if you change one of these dictionaries, be sure to adapt the
-    #          list of needed labels in Doc/tools/pyspecific.py and
-    #          regenerate the pydoc_data/topics.py file by running
-    #              make pydoc-topics
-    #          in Doc/ and copying the output file into the Lib/ directory.
-
-    keywords = {
-        'False': '',
-        'None': '',
-        'True': '',
-        'and': 'BOOLEAN',
-        'as': 'with',
-        'assert': ('assert', ''),
-        'break': ('break', 'while for'),
-        'class': ('class', 'CLASSES SPECIALMETHODS'),
-        'continue': ('continue', 'while for'),
-        'def': ('function', ''),
-        'del': ('del', 'BASICMETHODS'),
-        'elif': 'if',
-        'else': ('else', 'while for'),
-        'except': 'try',
-        'finally': 'try',
-        'for': ('for', 'break continue while'),
-        'from': 'import',
-        'global': ('global', 'nonlocal NAMESPACES'),
-        'if': ('if', 'TRUTHVALUE'),
-        'import': ('import', 'MODULES'),
-        'in': ('in', 'SEQUENCEMETHODS'),
-        'is': 'COMPARISON',
-        'lambda': ('lambda', 'FUNCTIONS'),
-        'nonlocal': ('nonlocal', 'global NAMESPACES'),
-        'not': 'BOOLEAN',
-        'or': 'BOOLEAN',
-        'pass': ('pass', ''),
-        'raise': ('raise', 'EXCEPTIONS'),
-        'return': ('return', 'FUNCTIONS'),
-        'try': ('try', 'EXCEPTIONS'),
-        'while': ('while', 'break continue if TRUTHVALUE'),
-        'with': ('with', 'CONTEXTMANAGERS EXCEPTIONS yield'),
-        'yield': ('yield', ''),
-    }
-    # Either add symbols to this dictionary or to the symbols dictionary
-    # directly: Whichever is easier. They are merged later.
-    _symbols_inverse = {
-        'STRINGS' : ("'", "'''", "r'", "b'", '"""', '"', 'r"', 'b"'),
-        'OPERATORS' : ('+', '-', '*', '**', '/', '//', '%', '<<', '>>', '&',
-                       '|', '^', '~', '<', '>', '<=', '>=', '==', '!=', '<>'),
-        'COMPARISON' : ('<', '>', '<=', '>=', '==', '!=', '<>'),
-        'UNARY' : ('-', '~'),
-        'AUGMENTEDASSIGNMENT' : ('+=', '-=', '*=', '/=', '%=', '&=', '|=',
-                                '^=', '<<=', '>>=', '**=', '//='),
-        'BITWISE' : ('<<', '>>', '&', '|', '^', '~'),
-        'COMPLEX' : ('j', 'J')
-    }
-    symbols = {
-        '%': 'OPERATORS FORMATTING',
-        '**': 'POWER',
-        ',': 'TUPLES LISTS FUNCTIONS',
-        '.': 'ATTRIBUTES FLOAT MODULES OBJECTS',
-        '...': 'ELLIPSIS',
-        ':': 'SLICINGS DICTIONARYLITERALS',
-        '@': 'def class',
-        '\\': 'STRINGS',
-        '_': 'PRIVATENAMES',
-        '__': 'PRIVATENAMES SPECIALMETHODS',
-        '`': 'BACKQUOTES',
-        '(': 'TUPLES FUNCTIONS CALLS',
-        ')': 'TUPLES FUNCTIONS CALLS',
-        '[': 'LISTS SUBSCRIPTS SLICINGS',
-        ']': 'LISTS SUBSCRIPTS SLICINGS'
-    }
-    for topic, symbols_ in _symbols_inverse.items():
-        for symbol in symbols_:
-            topics = symbols.get(symbol, topic)
-            if topic not in topics:
-                topics = topics + ' ' + topic
-            symbols[symbol] = topics
-
-    topics = {
-        'TYPES': ('types', 'STRINGS UNICODE NUMBERS SEQUENCES MAPPINGS '
-                  'FUNCTIONS CLASSES MODULES FILES inspect'),
-        'STRINGS': ('strings', 'str UNICODE SEQUENCES STRINGMETHODS '
-                    'FORMATTING TYPES'),
-        'STRINGMETHODS': ('string-methods', 'STRINGS FORMATTING'),
-        'FORMATTING': ('formatstrings', 'OPERATORS'),
-        'UNICODE': ('strings', 'encodings unicode SEQUENCES STRINGMETHODS '
-                    'FORMATTING TYPES'),
-        'NUMBERS': ('numbers', 'INTEGER FLOAT COMPLEX TYPES'),
-        'INTEGER': ('integers', 'int range'),
-        'FLOAT': ('floating', 'float math'),
-        'COMPLEX': ('imaginary', 'complex cmath'),
-        'SEQUENCES': ('typesseq', 'STRINGMETHODS FORMATTING range LISTS'),
-        'MAPPINGS': 'DICTIONARIES',
-        'FUNCTIONS': ('typesfunctions', 'def TYPES'),
-        'METHODS': ('typesmethods', 'class def CLASSES TYPES'),
-        'CODEOBJECTS': ('bltin-code-objects', 'compile FUNCTIONS TYPES'),
-        'TYPEOBJECTS': ('bltin-type-objects', 'types TYPES'),
-        'FRAMEOBJECTS': 'TYPES',
-        'TRACEBACKS': 'TYPES',
-        'NONE': ('bltin-null-object', ''),
-        'ELLIPSIS': ('bltin-ellipsis-object', 'SLICINGS'),
-        'SPECIALATTRIBUTES': ('specialattrs', ''),
-        'CLASSES': ('types', 'class SPECIALMETHODS PRIVATENAMES'),
-        'MODULES': ('typesmodules', 'import'),
-        'PACKAGES': 'import',
-        'EXPRESSIONS': ('operator-summary', 'lambda or and not in is BOOLEAN '
-                        'COMPARISON BITWISE SHIFTING BINARY FORMATTING POWER '
-                        'UNARY ATTRIBUTES SUBSCRIPTS SLICINGS CALLS TUPLES '
-                        'LISTS DICTIONARIES'),
-        'OPERATORS': 'EXPRESSIONS',
-        'PRECEDENCE': 'EXPRESSIONS',
-        'OBJECTS': ('objects', 'TYPES'),
-        'SPECIALMETHODS': ('specialnames', 'BASICMETHODS ATTRIBUTEMETHODS '
-                           'CALLABLEMETHODS SEQUENCEMETHODS MAPPINGMETHODS '
-                           'NUMBERMETHODS CLASSES'),
-        'BASICMETHODS': ('customization', 'hash repr str SPECIALMETHODS'),
-        'ATTRIBUTEMETHODS': ('attribute-access', 'ATTRIBUTES SPECIALMETHODS'),
-        'CALLABLEMETHODS': ('callable-types', 'CALLS SPECIALMETHODS'),
-        'SEQUENCEMETHODS': ('sequence-types', 'SEQUENCES SEQUENCEMETHODS '
-                             'SPECIALMETHODS'),
-        'MAPPINGMETHODS': ('sequence-types', 'MAPPINGS SPECIALMETHODS'),
-        'NUMBERMETHODS': ('numeric-types', 'NUMBERS AUGMENTEDASSIGNMENT '
-                          'SPECIALMETHODS'),
-        'EXECUTION': ('execmodel', 'NAMESPACES DYNAMICFEATURES EXCEPTIONS'),
-        'NAMESPACES': ('naming', 'global nonlocal ASSIGNMENT DELETION DYNAMICFEATURES'),
-        'DYNAMICFEATURES': ('dynamic-features', ''),
-        'SCOPING': 'NAMESPACES',
-        'FRAMES': 'NAMESPACES',
-        'EXCEPTIONS': ('exceptions', 'try except finally raise'),
-        'CONVERSIONS': ('conversions', ''),
-        'IDENTIFIERS': ('identifiers', 'keywords SPECIALIDENTIFIERS'),
-        'SPECIALIDENTIFIERS': ('id-classes', ''),
-        'PRIVATENAMES': ('atom-identifiers', ''),
-        'LITERALS': ('atom-literals', 'STRINGS NUMBERS TUPLELITERALS '
-                     'LISTLITERALS DICTIONARYLITERALS'),
-        'TUPLES': 'SEQUENCES',
-        'TUPLELITERALS': ('exprlists', 'TUPLES LITERALS'),
-        'LISTS': ('typesseq-mutable', 'LISTLITERALS'),
-        'LISTLITERALS': ('lists', 'LISTS LITERALS'),
-        'DICTIONARIES': ('typesmapping', 'DICTIONARYLITERALS'),
-        'DICTIONARYLITERALS': ('dict', 'DICTIONARIES LITERALS'),
-        'ATTRIBUTES': ('attribute-references', 'getattr hasattr setattr ATTRIBUTEMETHODS'),
-        'SUBSCRIPTS': ('subscriptions', 'SEQUENCEMETHODS'),
-        'SLICINGS': ('slicings', 'SEQUENCEMETHODS'),
-        'CALLS': ('calls', 'EXPRESSIONS'),
-        'POWER': ('power', 'EXPRESSIONS'),
-        'UNARY': ('unary', 'EXPRESSIONS'),
-        'BINARY': ('binary', 'EXPRESSIONS'),
-        'SHIFTING': ('shifting', 'EXPRESSIONS'),
-        'BITWISE': ('bitwise', 'EXPRESSIONS'),
-        'COMPARISON': ('comparisons', 'EXPRESSIONS BASICMETHODS'),
-        'BOOLEAN': ('booleans', 'EXPRESSIONS TRUTHVALUE'),
-        'ASSERTION': 'assert',
-        'ASSIGNMENT': ('assignment', 'AUGMENTEDASSIGNMENT'),
-        'AUGMENTEDASSIGNMENT': ('augassign', 'NUMBERMETHODS'),
-        'DELETION': 'del',
-        'RETURNING': 'return',
-        'IMPORTING': 'import',
-        'CONDITIONAL': 'if',
-        'LOOPING': ('compound', 'for while break continue'),
-        'TRUTHVALUE': ('truth', 'if while and or not BASICMETHODS'),
-        'DEBUGGING': ('debugger', 'pdb'),
-        'CONTEXTMANAGERS': ('context-managers', 'with'),
-    }
-
-    def __init__(self, input=None, output=None):
-        self._input = input
-        self._output = output
-
-    input  = property(lambda self: self._input or sys.stdin)
-    output = property(lambda self: self._output or sys.stdout)
-
-    def __repr__(self):
-        if inspect.stack()[1][3] == '?':
-            self()
-            return ''
-        return '<%s.%s instance>' % (self.__class__.__module__,
-                                     self.__class__.__qualname__)
-
-    _GoInteractive = object()
-    def __call__(self, request=_GoInteractive):
-        if request is not self._GoInteractive:
-            self.help(request)
-        else:
-            self.intro()
-            self.interact()
-            self.output.write('''
-You are now leaving help and returning to the Python interpreter.
-If you want to ask for help on a particular object directly from the
-interpreter, you can type "help(object)".  Executing "help('string')"
-has the same effect as typing a particular string at the help> prompt.
-''')
-
-    def interact(self):
-        self.output.write('\n')
-        while True:
-            try:
-                request = self.getline('help> ')
-                if not request: break
-            except (KeyboardInterrupt, EOFError):
-                break
-            request = replace(request, '"', '', "'", '').strip()
-            if request.lower() in ('q', 'quit'): break
-            if request == 'help':
-                self.intro()
-            else:
-                self.help(request)
-
-    def getline(self, prompt):
-        """Read one line, using input() when appropriate."""
-        if self.input is sys.stdin:
-            return input(prompt)
-        else:
-            self.output.write(prompt)
-            self.output.flush()
-            return self.input.readline()
-
-    def help(self, request):
-        if type(request) is type(''):
-            request = request.strip()
-            if request == 'keywords': self.listkeywords()
-            elif request == 'symbols': self.listsymbols()
-            elif request == 'topics': self.listtopics()
-            elif request == 'modules': self.listmodules()
-            elif request[:8] == 'modules ':
-                self.listmodules(request.split()[1])
-            elif request in self.symbols: self.showsymbol(request)
-            elif request in ['True', 'False', 'None']:
-                # special case these keywords since they are objects too
-                doc(eval(request), 'Help on %s:')
-            elif request in self.keywords: self.showtopic(request)
-            elif request in self.topics: self.showtopic(request)
-            elif request: doc(request, 'Help on %s:', output=self._output)
-            else: doc(str, 'Help on %s:', output=self._output)
-        elif isinstance(request, Helper): self()
-        else: doc(request, 'Help on %s:', output=self._output)
-        self.output.write('\n')
-
-    def intro(self):
-        self.output.write('''
-Welcome to Python {0}'s help utility!
-
-If this is your first time using Python, you should definitely check out
-the tutorial on the Internet at http://docs.python.org/{0}/tutorial/.
-
-Enter the name of any module, keyword, or topic to get help on writing
-Python programs and using Python modules.  To quit this help utility and
-return to the interpreter, just type "quit".
-
-To get a list of available modules, keywords, symbols, or topics, type
-"modules", "keywords", "symbols", or "topics".  Each module also comes
-with a one-line summary of what it does; to list the modules whose name
-or summary contain a given string such as "spam", type "modules spam".
-'''.format('%d.%d' % sys.version_info[:2]))
-
-    def list(self, items, columns=4, width=80):
-        items = list(sorted(items))
-        colw = width // columns
-        rows = (len(items) + columns - 1) // columns
-        for row in range(rows):
-            for col in range(columns):
-                i = col * rows + row
-                if i < len(items):
-                    self.output.write(items[i])
-                    if col < columns - 1:
-                        self.output.write(' ' + ' ' * (colw - 1 - len(items[i])))
-            self.output.write('\n')
-
-    def listkeywords(self):
-        self.output.write('''
-Here is a list of the Python keywords.  Enter any keyword to get more help.
-
-''')
-        self.list(self.keywords.keys())
-
-    def listsymbols(self):
-        self.output.write('''
-Here is a list of the punctuation symbols which Python assigns special meaning
-to. Enter any symbol to get more help.
-
-''')
-        self.list(self.symbols.keys())
-
-    def listtopics(self):
-        self.output.write('''
-Here is a list of available topics.  Enter any topic name to get more help.
-
-''')
-        self.list(self.topics.keys())
-
-    def showtopic(self, topic, more_xrefs=''):
-        try:
-            import pydoc_data.topics
-        except ImportError:
-            self.output.write('''
-Sorry, topic and keyword documentation is not available because the
-module "pydoc_data.topics" could not be found.
-''')
-            return
-        target = self.topics.get(topic, self.keywords.get(topic))
-        if not target:
-            self.output.write('no documentation found for %s\n' % repr(topic))
-            return
-        if type(target) is type(''):
-            return self.showtopic(target, more_xrefs)
-
-        label, xrefs = target
-        try:
-            doc = pydoc_data.topics.topics[label]
-        except KeyError:
-            self.output.write('no documentation found for %s\n' % repr(topic))
-            return
-        pager(doc.strip() + '\n')
-        if more_xrefs:
-            xrefs = (xrefs or '') + ' ' + more_xrefs
-        if xrefs:
-            import textwrap
-            text = 'Related help topics: ' + ', '.join(xrefs.split()) + '\n'
-            wrapped_text = textwrap.wrap(text, 72)
-            self.output.write('\n%s\n' % ''.join(wrapped_text))
-
-    def _gettopic(self, topic, more_xrefs=''):
-        """Return unbuffered tuple of (topic, xrefs).
-
-        If an error occurs here, the exception is caught and displayed by
-        the url handler.
-
-        This function duplicates the showtopic method but returns its
-        result directly so it can be formatted for display in an html page.
-        """
-        try:
-            import pydoc_data.topics
-        except ImportError:
-            return('''
-Sorry, topic and keyword documentation is not available because the
-module "pydoc_data.topics" could not be found.
-''' , '')
-        target = self.topics.get(topic, self.keywords.get(topic))
-        if not target:
-            raise ValueError('could not find topic')
-        if isinstance(target, str):
-            return self._gettopic(target, more_xrefs)
-        label, xrefs = target
-        doc = pydoc_data.topics.topics[label]
-        if more_xrefs:
-            xrefs = (xrefs or '') + ' ' + more_xrefs
-        return doc, xrefs
-
-    def showsymbol(self, symbol):
-        target = self.symbols[symbol]
-        topic, _, xrefs = target.partition(' ')
-        self.showtopic(topic, xrefs)
-
-    def listmodules(self, key=''):
-        if key:
-            self.output.write('''
-Here is a list of modules whose name or summary contains '{}'.
-If there are any, enter a module name to get more help.
-
-'''.format(key))
-            apropos(key)
-        else:
-            self.output.write('''
-Please wait a moment while I gather a list of all available modules...
-
-''')
-            modules = {}
-            def callback(path, modname, desc, modules=modules):
-                if modname and modname[-9:] == '.__init__':
-                    modname = modname[:-9] + ' (package)'
-                if modname.find('.') < 0:
-                    modules[modname] = 1
-            def onerror(modname):
-                callback(None, modname, None)
-            ModuleScanner().run(callback, onerror=onerror)
-            self.list(modules.keys())
-            self.output.write('''
-Enter any module name to get more help.  Or, type "modules spam" to search
-for modules whose name or summary contain the string "spam".
-''')
-
-help = Helper()
-
-class ModuleScanner:
-    """An interruptible scanner that searches module synopses."""
-
-    def run(self, callback, key=None, completer=None, onerror=None):
-        if key: key = key.lower()
-        self.quit = False
-        seen = {}
-
-        for modname in sys.builtin_module_names:
-            if modname != '__main__':
-                seen[modname] = 1
-                if key is None:
-                    callback(None, modname, '')
-                else:
-                    name = __import__(modname).__doc__ or ''
-                    desc = name.split('\n')[0]
-                    name = modname + ' - ' + desc
-                    if name.lower().find(key) >= 0:
-                        callback(None, modname, desc)
-
-        for importer, modname, ispkg in pkgutil.walk_packages(onerror=onerror):
-            if self.quit:
-                break
-
-            if key is None:
-                callback(None, modname, '')
-            else:
-                try:
-                    spec = pkgutil._get_spec(importer, modname)
-                except SyntaxError:
-                    # raised by tests for bad coding cookies or BOM
-                    continue
-                loader = spec.loader
-                if hasattr(loader, 'get_source'):
-                    try:
-                        source = loader.get_source(modname)
-                    except Exception:
-                        if onerror:
-                            onerror(modname)
-                        continue
-                    desc = source_synopsis(io.StringIO(source)) or ''
-                    if hasattr(loader, 'get_filename'):
-                        path = loader.get_filename(modname)
-                    else:
-                        path = None
-                else:
-                    try:
-                        module = importlib._bootstrap._load(spec)
-                    except ImportError:
-                        if onerror:
-                            onerror(modname)
-                        continue
-                    desc = module.__doc__.splitlines()[0] if module.__doc__ else ''
-                    path = getattr(module,'__file__',None)
-                name = modname + ' - ' + desc
-                if name.lower().find(key) >= 0:
-                    callback(path, modname, desc)
-
-        if completer:
-            completer()
-
-def apropos(key):
-    """Print all the one-line module summaries that contain a substring."""
-    def callback(path, modname, desc):
-        if modname[-9:] == '.__init__':
-            modname = modname[:-9] + ' (package)'
-        print(modname, desc and '- ' + desc)
-    def onerror(modname):
-        pass
-    with warnings.catch_warnings():
-        warnings.filterwarnings('ignore') # ignore problems during import
-        ModuleScanner().run(callback, key, onerror=onerror)
-
-# --------------------------------------- enhanced Web browser interface
-
-def _start_server(urlhandler, port):
-    """Start an HTTP server thread on a specific port.
-
-    Start an HTML/text server thread, so HTML or text documents can be
-    browsed dynamically and interactively with a Web browser.  Example use:
-
-        >>> import time
-        >>> import pydoc
-
-        Define a URL handler.  To determine what the client is asking
-        for, check the URL and content_type.
-
-        Then get or generate some text or HTML code and return it.
-
-        >>> def my_url_handler(url, content_type):
-        ...     text = 'the URL sent was: (%s, %s)' % (url, content_type)
-        ...     return text
-
-        Start server thread on port 0.
-        If you use port 0, the server will pick a random port number.
-        You can then use serverthread.port to get the port number.
-
-        >>> port = 0
-        >>> serverthread = pydoc._start_server(my_url_handler, port)
-
-        Check that the server is really started.  If it is, open browser
-        and get first page.  Use serverthread.url as the starting page.
-
-        >>> if serverthread.serving:
-        ...    import webbrowser
-
-        The next two lines are commented out so a browser doesn't open if
-        doctest is run on this module.
-
-        #...    webbrowser.open(serverthread.url)
-        #True
-
-        Let the server do its thing. We just need to monitor its status.
-        Use time.sleep so the loop doesn't hog the CPU.
-
-        >>> starttime = time.time()
-        >>> timeout = 1                    #seconds
-
-        This is a short timeout for testing purposes.
-
-        >>> while serverthread.serving:
-        ...     time.sleep(.01)
-        ...     if serverthread.serving and time.time() - starttime > timeout:
-        ...          serverthread.stop()
-        ...          break
-
-        Print any errors that may have occurred.
-
-        >>> print(serverthread.error)
-        None
-   """
-    import http.server
-    import email.message
-    import select
-    import threading
-
-    class DocHandler(http.server.BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
-
-        def do_GET(self):
-            """Process a request from an HTML browser.
-
-            The URL received is in self.path.
-            Get an HTML page from self.urlhandler and send it.
-            """
-            if self.path.endswith('.css'):
-                content_type = 'text/css'
-            else:
-                content_type = 'text/html'
-            self.send_response(200)
-            self.send_header('Content-Type', '%s; charset=UTF-8' % content_type)
-            self.end_headers()
-            self.wfile.write(self.urlhandler(
-                self.path, content_type).encode('utf-8'))
-
-        def log_message(self, *args):
-            # Don't log messages.
-            pass
-
-    class DocServer(http.server.HTTPServer):
-
-        def __init__(self, port, callback):
-            self.host = 'localhost'
-            self.address = (self.host, port)
-            self.callback = callback
-            self.base.__init__(self, self.address, self.handler)
-            self.quit = False
-
-        def serve_until_quit(self):
-            while not self.quit:
-                rd, wr, ex = select.select([self.socket.fileno()], [], [], 1)
-                if rd:
-                    self.handle_request()
-            self.server_close()
-
-        def server_activate(self):
-            self.base.server_activate(self)
-            if self.callback:
-                self.callback(self)
-
-    class ServerThread(threading.Thread):
-
-        def __init__(self, urlhandler, port):
-            self.urlhandler = urlhandler
-            self.port = int(port)
-            threading.Thread.__init__(self)
-            self.serving = False
-            self.error = None
-
-        def run(self):
-            """Start the server."""
-            try:
-                DocServer.base = http.server.HTTPServer
-                DocServer.handler = DocHandler
-                DocHandler.MessageClass = email.message.Message
-                DocHandler.urlhandler = staticmethod(self.urlhandler)
-                docsvr = DocServer(self.port, self.ready)
-                self.docserver = docsvr
-                docsvr.serve_until_quit()
-            except Exception as e:
-                self.error = e
-
-        def ready(self, server):
-            self.serving = True
-            self.host = server.host
-            self.port = server.server_port
-            self.url = 'http://%s:%d/' % (self.host, self.port)
-
-        def stop(self):
-            """Stop the server and this thread nicely"""
-            self.docserver.quit = True
-            self.serving = False
-            self.url = None
-
-    thread = ServerThread(urlhandler, port)
-    thread.start()
-    # Wait until thread.serving is True to make sure we are
-    # really up before returning.
-    while not thread.error and not thread.serving:
-        time.sleep(.01)
-    return thread
-
-
-def _url_handler(url, content_type="text/html"):
-    """The pydoc url handler for use with the pydoc server.
-
-    If the content_type is 'text/css', the _pydoc.css style
-    sheet is read and returned if it exits.
-
-    If the content_type is 'text/html', then the result of
-    get_html_page(url) is returned.
-    """
-    class _HTMLDoc(HTMLDoc):
-
-        def page(self, title, contents):
-            """Format an HTML page."""
-            css_path = "pydoc_data/_pydoc.css"
-            css_link = (
-                '<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="%s">' %
-                css_path)
-            return '''\
-<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
-<html><head><title>Pydoc: %s</title>
-<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
-%s</head><body bgcolor="#f0f0f8">%s<div style="clear:both;padding-top:.5em;">%s</div>
-</body></html>''' % (title, css_link, html_navbar(), contents)
-
-        def filelink(self, url, path):
-            return '<a href="getfile?key=%s">%s</a>' % (url, path)
-
-
-    html = _HTMLDoc()
-
-    def html_navbar():
-        version = html.escape("%s [%s, %s]" % (platform.python_version(),
-                                               platform.python_build()[0],
-                                               platform.python_compiler()))
-        return """
-            <div style='float:left'>
-                Python %s<br>%s
-            </div>
-            <div style='float:right'>
-                <div style='text-align:center'>
-                  <a href="index.html">Module Index</a>
-                  : <a href="topics.html">Topics</a>
-                  : <a href="keywords.html">Keywords</a>
-                </div>
-                <div>
-                    <form action="get" style='display:inline;'>
-                      <input type=text name=key size=15>
-                      <input type=submit value="Get">
-                    </form>&nbsp;
-                    <form action="search" style='display:inline;'>
-                      <input type=text name=key size=15>
-                      <input type=submit value="Search">
-                    </form>
-                </div>
-            </div>
-            """ % (version, html.escape(platform.platform(terse=True)))
-
-    def html_index():
-        """Module Index page."""
-
-        def bltinlink(name):
-            return '<a href="%s.html">%s</a>' % (name, name)
-
-        heading = html.heading(
-            '<big><big><strong>Index of Modules</strong></big></big>',
-            '#ffffff', '#7799ee')
-        names = [name for name in sys.builtin_module_names
-                 if name != '__main__']
-        contents = html.multicolumn(names, bltinlink)
-        contents = [heading, '<p>' + html.bigsection(
-            'Built-in Modules', '#ffffff', '#ee77aa', contents)]
-
-        seen = {}
-        for dir in sys.path:
-            contents.append(html.index(dir, seen))
-
-        contents.append(
-            '<p align=right><font color="#909090" face="helvetica,'
-            'arial"><strong>pydoc</strong> by Ka-Ping Yee'
-            '&lt;ping@lfw.org&gt;</font>')
-        return 'Index of Modules', ''.join(contents)
-
-    def html_search(key):
-        """Search results page."""
-        # scan for modules
-        search_result = []
-
-        def callback(path, modname, desc):
-            if modname[-9:] == '.__init__':
-                modname = modname[:-9] + ' (package)'
-            search_result.append((modname, desc and '- ' + desc))
-
-        with warnings.catch_warnings():
-            warnings.filterwarnings('ignore') # ignore problems during import
-            def onerror(modname):
-                pass
-            ModuleScanner().run(callback, key, onerror=onerror)
-
-        # format page
-        def bltinlink(name):
-            return '<a href="%s.html">%s</a>' % (name, name)
-
-        results = []
-        heading = html.heading(
-            '<big><big><strong>Search Results</strong></big></big>',
-            '#ffffff', '#7799ee')
-        for name, desc in search_result:
-            results.append(bltinlink(name) + desc)
-        contents = heading + html.bigsection(
-            'key = %s' % key, '#ffffff', '#ee77aa', '<br>'.join(results))
-        return 'Search Results', contents
-
-    def html_getfile(path):
-        """Get and display a source file listing safely."""
-        path = urllib.parse.unquote(path)
-        with tokenize.open(path) as fp:
-            lines = html.escape(fp.read())
-        body = '<pre>%s</pre>' % lines
-        heading = html.heading(
-            '<big><big><strong>File Listing</strong></big></big>',
-            '#ffffff', '#7799ee')
-        contents = heading + html.bigsection(
-            'File: %s' % path, '#ffffff', '#ee77aa', body)
-        return 'getfile %s' % path, contents
-
-    def html_topics():
-        """Index of topic texts available."""
-
-        def bltinlink(name):
-            return '<a href="topic?key=%s">%s</a>' % (name, name)
-
-        heading = html.heading(
-            '<big><big><strong>INDEX</strong></big></big>',
-            '#ffffff', '#7799ee')
-        names = sorted(Helper.topics.keys())
-
-        contents = html.multicolumn(names, bltinlink)
-        contents = heading + html.bigsection(
-            'Topics', '#ffffff', '#ee77aa', contents)
-        return 'Topics', contents
-
-    def html_keywords():
-        """Index of keywords."""
-        heading = html.heading(
-            '<big><big><strong>INDEX</strong></big></big>',
-            '#ffffff', '#7799ee')
-        names = sorted(Helper.keywords.keys())
-
-        def bltinlink(name):
-            return '<a href="topic?key=%s">%s</a>' % (name, name)
-
-        contents = html.multicolumn(names, bltinlink)
-        contents = heading + html.bigsection(
-            'Keywords', '#ffffff', '#ee77aa', contents)
-        return 'Keywords', contents
-
-    def html_topicpage(topic):
-        """Topic or keyword help page."""
-        buf = io.StringIO()
-        htmlhelp = Helper(buf, buf)
-        contents, xrefs = htmlhelp._gettopic(topic)
-        if topic in htmlhelp.keywords:
-            title = 'KEYWORD'
-        else:
-            title = 'TOPIC'
-        heading = html.heading(
-            '<big><big><strong>%s</strong></big></big>' % title,
-            '#ffffff', '#7799ee')
-        contents = '<pre>%s</pre>' % html.markup(contents)
-        contents = html.bigsection(topic , '#ffffff','#ee77aa', contents)
-        if xrefs:
-            xrefs = sorted(xrefs.split())
-
-            def bltinlink(name):
-                return '<a href="topic?key=%s">%s</a>' % (name, name)
-
-            xrefs = html.multicolumn(xrefs, bltinlink)
-            xrefs = html.section('Related help topics: ',
-                                 '#ffffff', '#ee77aa', xrefs)
-        return ('%s %s' % (title, topic),
-                ''.join((heading, contents, xrefs)))
-
-    def html_getobj(url):
-        obj = locate(url, forceload=1)
-        if obj is None and url != 'None':
-            raise ValueError('could not find object')
-        title = describe(obj)
-        content = html.document(obj, url)
-        return title, content
-
-    def html_error(url, exc):
-        heading = html.heading(
-            '<big><big><strong>Error</strong></big></big>',
-            '#ffffff', '#7799ee')
-        contents = '<br>'.join(html.escape(line) for line in
-                               format_exception_only(type(exc), exc))
-        contents = heading + html.bigsection(url, '#ffffff', '#bb0000',
-                                             contents)
-        return "Error - %s" % url, contents
-
-    def get_html_page(url):
-        """Generate an HTML page for url."""
-        complete_url = url
-        if url.endswith('.html'):
-            url = url[:-5]
-        try:
-            if url in ("", "index"):
-                title, content = html_index()
-            elif url == "topics":
-                title, content = html_topics()
-            elif url == "keywords":
-                title, content = html_keywords()
-            elif '=' in url:
-                op, _, url = url.partition('=')
-                if op == "search?key":
-                    title, content = html_search(url)
-                elif op == "getfile?key":
-                    title, content = html_getfile(url)
-                elif op == "topic?key":
-                    # try topics first, then objects.
-                    try:
-                        title, content = html_topicpage(url)
-                    except ValueError:
-                        title, content = html_getobj(url)
-                elif op == "get?key":
-                    # try objects first, then topics.
-                    if url in ("", "index"):
-                        title, content = html_index()
-                    else:
-                        try:
-                            title, content = html_getobj(url)
-                        except ValueError:
-                            title, content = html_topicpage(url)
-                else:
-                    raise ValueError('bad pydoc url')
-            else:
-                title, content = html_getobj(url)
-        except Exception as exc:
-            # Catch any errors and display them in an error page.
-            title, content = html_error(complete_url, exc)
-        return html.page(title, content)
-
-    if url.startswith('/'):
-        url = url[1:]
-    if content_type == 'text/css':
-        path_here = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
-        css_path = os.path.join(path_here, url)
-        with open(css_path) as fp:
-            return ''.join(fp.readlines())
-    elif content_type == 'text/html':
-        return get_html_page(url)
-    # Errors outside the url handler are caught by the server.
-    raise TypeError('unknown content type %r for url %s' % (content_type, url))
-
-
-def browse(port=0, *, open_browser=True):
-    """Start the enhanced pydoc Web server and open a Web browser.
-
-    Use port '0' to start the server on an arbitrary port.
-    Set open_browser to False to suppress opening a browser.
-    """
-    import webbrowser
-    serverthread = _start_server(_url_handler, port)
-    if serverthread.error:
-        print(serverthread.error)
-        return
-    if serverthread.serving:
-        server_help_msg = 'Server commands: [b]rowser, [q]uit'
-        if open_browser:
-            webbrowser.open(serverthread.url)
-        try:
-            print('Server ready at', serverthread.url)
-            print(server_help_msg)
-            while serverthread.serving:
-                cmd = input('server> ')
-                cmd = cmd.lower()
-                if cmd == 'q':
-                    break
-                elif cmd == 'b':
-                    webbrowser.open(serverthread.url)
-                else:
-                    print(server_help_msg)
-        except (KeyboardInterrupt, EOFError):
-            print()
-        finally:
-            if serverthread.serving:
-                serverthread.stop()
-                print('Server stopped')
-
-
-# -------------------------------------------------- command-line interface
-
-def ispath(x):
-    return isinstance(x, str) and x.find(os.sep) >= 0
-
-def cli():
-    """Command-line interface (looks at sys.argv to decide what to do)."""
-    import getopt
-    class BadUsage(Exception): pass
-
-    # Scripts don't get the current directory in their path by default
-    # unless they are run with the '-m' switch
-    if '' not in sys.path:
-        scriptdir = os.path.dirname(sys.argv[0])
-        if scriptdir in sys.path:
-            sys.path.remove(scriptdir)
-        sys.path.insert(0, '.')
-
-    try:
-        opts, args = getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:], 'bk:p:w')
-        writing = False
-        start_server = False
-        open_browser = False
-        port = None
-        for opt, val in opts:
-            if opt == '-b':
-                start_server = True
-                open_browser = True
-            if opt == '-k':
-                apropos(val)
-                return
-            if opt == '-p':
-                start_server = True
-                port = val
-            if opt == '-w':
-                writing = True
-
-        if start_server:
-            if port is None:
-                port = 0
-            browse(port, open_browser=open_browser)
-            return
-
-        if not args: raise BadUsage
-        for arg in args:
-            if ispath(arg) and not os.path.exists(arg):
-                print('file %r does not exist' % arg)
-                break
-            try:
-                if ispath(arg) and os.path.isfile(arg):
-                    arg = importfile(arg)
-                if writing:
-                    if ispath(arg) and os.path.isdir(arg):
-                        writedocs(arg)
-                    else:
-                        writedoc(arg)
-                else:
-                    help.help(arg)
-            except ErrorDuringImport as value:
-                print(value)
-
-    except (getopt.error, BadUsage):
-        cmd = os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(sys.argv[0]))[0]
-        print("""pydoc - the Python documentation tool
-
-{cmd} <name> ...
-    Show text documentation on something.  <name> may be the name of a
-    Python keyword, topic, function, module, or package, or a dotted
-    reference to a class or function within a module or module in a
-    package.  If <name> contains a '{sep}', it is used as the path to a
-    Python source file to document. If name is 'keywords', 'topics',
-    or 'modules', a listing of these things is displayed.
-
-{cmd} -k <keyword>
-    Search for a keyword in the synopsis lines of all available modules.
-
-{cmd} -p <port>
-    Start an HTTP server on the given port on the local machine.  Port
-    number 0 can be used to get an arbitrary unused port.
-
-{cmd} -b
-    Start an HTTP server on an arbitrary unused port and open a Web browser
-    to interactively browse documentation.  The -p option can be used with
-    the -b option to explicitly specify the server port.
-
-{cmd} -w <name> ...
-    Write out the HTML documentation for a module to a file in the current
-    directory.  If <name> contains a '{sep}', it is treated as a filename; if
-    it names a directory, documentation is written for all the contents.
-""".format(cmd=cmd, sep=os.sep))
-
-if __name__ == '__main__':
-    cli()