@crossbind/port-gdal-wasi 2.0.0-beta.50

package/dist/prebuilt/wasi-wasm32-st-release/share/man/man1/gdal-vector-pipeline.1

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+.TH "GDAL-VECTOR-PIPELINE" "1" "Aug 18, 2026" "" "GDAL"
+.SH NAME
+gdal-vector-pipeline \- Process a vector dataset applying several steps
+.sp
+Added in version 3.11.
+
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.sp
+\fBgdal vector pipeline\fP can be used to process a vector dataset and
+perform various processing steps that accept vector and generate vector.
+.sp
+For pipelines mixing raster and vector, consult \fI\%gdal pipeline\fP\&.
+.sp
+Most steps proceed in on\-demand evaluation of features,
+unless otherwise stated in their documentation, without \(dqmaterializing\(dq the
+resulting dataset of the operation of each step. It may be desirable sometimes
+for performance purposes to proceed to materializing an intermediate dataset
+to disk using \fI\%gdal vector materialize\fP\&.
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.INDENT 0.0
+.INDENT 3.5
+.sp
+.EX
+Usage: gdal vector pipeline [OPTIONS] <PIPELINE>
+
+Process a vector dataset applying several steps.
+
+Positional arguments:
+
+Common Options:
+  \-h, \-\-help              Display help message and exit
+  \-\-json\-usage            Display usage as JSON document and exit
+  \-\-config <KEY>=<VALUE>  Configuration option [may be repeated]
+  \-q, \-\-quiet             Quiet mode (no progress bar or warning message) [not available in pipelines]
+
+Options:
+  \-\-skip\-errors           Skip errors when writing features [not available in pipelines]
+
+<PIPELINE> is of the form: read|concat [READ\-OPTIONS] ( ! <STEP\-NAME> [STEP\-OPTIONS] )* ! write|info [WRITE\-OPTIONS]
+.EE
+.UNINDENT
+.UNINDENT
+.sp
+A pipeline chains several steps, separated with the \fI!\fP (exclamation mark) character.
+The first step must be \fBread\fP or \fBconcat\fP, and the last one \fBinfo\fP, \fBpartition\fP or \fBwrite\fP\&. Each step has its
+own positional or non\-positional arguments.
+Apart from \fBread\fP, \fBconcat\fP, \fBinfo\fP, \fBpartition\fP and \fBwrite\fP,
+all other steps can potentially be used several times in a pipeline.
+.SH STEPS
+.INDENT 0.0
+.IP \(bu 2
+\fI\%buffer\fP
+.IP \(bu 2
+\fI\%check\-coverage\fP
+.IP \(bu 2
+\fI\%check\-geometry\fP
+.IP \(bu 2
+\fI\%clean\-coverage\fP
+.IP \(bu 2
+\fI\%clip\fP
+.IP \(bu 2
+\fI\%combine\fP
+.IP \(bu 2
+\fI\%concave\-hull\fP
+.IP \(bu 2
+\fI\%concat\fP
+.IP \(bu 2
+\fI\%convex\-hull\fP
+.IP \(bu 2
+\fI\%create\fP
+.IP \(bu 2
+\fI\%dissolve\fP
+.IP \(bu 2
+\fI\%edit\fP
+.IP \(bu 2
+\fI\%explode\-collections\fP
+.IP \(bu 2
+\fI\%export\-schema\fP
+.IP \(bu 2
+\fI\%external\fP
+.IP \(bu 2
+\fI\%filter\fP
+.IP \(bu 2
+\fI\%info\fP
+.IP \(bu 2
+\fI\%limit\fP
+.IP \(bu 2
+\fI\%make\-point\fP
+.IP \(bu 2
+\fI\%make\-valid\fP
+.IP \(bu 2
+\fI\%materialize\fP
+.IP \(bu 2
+\fI\%partition\fP
+.IP \(bu 2
+\fI\%read\fP
+.IP \(bu 2
+\fI\%rename\-layer\fP
+.IP \(bu 2
+\fI\%reproject\fP
+.IP \(bu 2
+\fI\%segmentize\fP
+.IP \(bu 2
+\fI\%select\fP
+.IP \(bu 2
+\fI\%set\-field\-type\fP
+.IP \(bu 2
+\fI\%set\-geom\-type\fP
+.IP \(bu 2
+\fI\%simplify\fP
+.IP \(bu 2
+\fI\%simplify\-coverage\fP
+.IP \(bu 2
+\fI\%sort\fP
+.IP \(bu 2
+\fI\%sql\fP
+.IP \(bu 2
+\fI\%swap\-xy\fP
+.IP \(bu 2
+\fI\%tee\fP
+.IP \(bu 2
+\fI\%update\fP
+.IP \(bu 2
+\fI\%write\fP
+.UNINDENT
+.SS buffer
+.INDENT 0.0
+.INDENT 3.5
+.sp
+.EX
+* buffer [OPTIONS] <DISTANCE>
+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-
+
+Compute a buffer around geometries of a vector dataset.
+
+Positional arguments:
+  \-\-distance <DISTANCE>                    Distance to which to extend the geometry. [required]
+
+Options:
+  \-\-active\-layer <ACTIVE\-LAYER>            Set active layer (if not specified, all)
+  \-\-active\-geometry <ACTIVE\-GEOMETRY>      Geometry field name to which to restrict the processing (if not specified, all)
+  \-\-endcap\-style <ENDCAP\-STYLE>            Endcap style.. ENDCAP\-STYLE=round|flat|square (default: round)
+  \-\-join\-style <JOIN\-STYLE>                Join style.. JOIN\-STYLE=round|mitre|bevel (default: round)
+  \-\-mitre\-limit <MITRE\-LIMIT>              Mitre ratio limit (only affects mitered join style). (default: 5)
+  \-\-quadrant\-segments <QUADRANT\-SEGMENTS>  Number of line segments used to approximate a quarter circle. (default: 8)
+  \-\-side <SIDE>                            Sets whether the computed buffer should be single\-sided or not.. SIDE=both|left|right (default: both)
+.EE
+.UNINDENT
+.UNINDENT
+.sp
+Details for options can be found in \fI\%gdal vector buffer\fP\&.
+.SS check\-coverage
+.INDENT 0.0
+.INDENT 3.5
+.sp
+.EX
+* check\-coverage [OPTIONS]
+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-
+
+Check a polygon coverage for validity
+
+Options:
+  \-\-include\-valid                          Include valid inputs in output, with empty geometry
+  \-\-geometry\-field <GEOMETRY\-FIELD>        Name of geometry field to check
+  \-\-maximum\-gap\-width <MAXIMUM\-GAP\-WIDTH>  Maximum width of a gap to be flagged
+.EE
+.UNINDENT
+.UNINDENT
+.sp
+Details for options can be found in \fI\%gdal vector check\-coverage\fP\&.
+.SS check\-geometry
+.INDENT 0.0
+.INDENT 3.5
+.sp
+.EX
+* check\-geometry [OPTIONS]
+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-
+
+Check a dataset for invalid geometries
+
+Options:
+  \-\-include\-field <INCLUDE\-FIELD>    Fields from input layer to include in output (special values: ALL and NONE) (default: NONE) [may be repeated]
+  \-\-include\-valid                    Include valid inputs in output, with empty geometry
+  \-\-geometry\-field <GEOMETRY\-FIELD>  Name of geometry field to check
+.EE
+.UNINDENT
+.UNINDENT
+.sp
+Details for options can be found in \fI\%gdal vector check\-geometry\fP\&.
+.SS clean\-coverage
+.INDENT 0.0
+.INDENT 3.5
+.sp
+.EX
+* clean\-coverage [OPTIONS]
+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-
+
+Alter polygon boundaries to make shared edges identical, removing gaps and overlaps
+
+Options:
+  \-\-active\-layer <ACTIVE\-LAYER>            Set active layer (if not specified, all)
+  \-\-snapping\-distance <SNAPPING\-DISTANCE>  Distance tolerance for snapping nodes
+  \-\-merge\-strategy <MERGE\-STRATEGY>        Algorithm to assign overlaps to neighboring polygons. MERGE\-STRATEGY=longest\-border|max\-area|min\-area|min\-index
+  \-\-maximum\-gap\-width <MAXIMUM\-GAP\-WIDTH>  Maximum width of a gap to be closed
+.EE
+.UNINDENT
+.UNINDENT
+.sp
+Details for options can be found in \fI\%gdal vector clean\-coverage\fP\&.
+.SS clip
+.INDENT 0.0
+.INDENT 3.5
+.sp
+.EX
+* clip [OPTIONS]
+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-
+
+Clip a vector dataset.
+
+Options:
+  \-\-active\-layer <ACTIVE\-LAYER>    Set active layer (if not specified, all)
+  \-\-bbox <BBOX>                    Clipping bounding box as xmin,ymin,xmax,ymax
+                                   Mutually exclusive with \-\-geometry, \-\-like
+  \-\-bbox\-crs <BBOX\-CRS>            CRS of clipping bounding box
+  \-\-geometry <GEOMETRY>            Clipping geometry (WKT or GeoJSON)
+                                   Mutually exclusive with \-\-bbox, \-\-like
+  \-\-geometry\-crs <GEOMETRY\-CRS>    CRS of clipping geometry
+  \-\-like <DATASET>                 Dataset to use as a template for bounds
+                                   Mutually exclusive with \-\-bbox, \-\-geometry
+  \-\-like\-sql <SELECT\-STATEMENT>    SELECT statement to run on the \(aqlike\(aq dataset
+                                   Mutually exclusive with \-\-like\-where
+  \-\-like\-layer <LAYER\-NAME>        Name of the layer of the \(aqlike\(aq dataset
+  \-\-like\-where <WHERE\-EXPRESSION>  WHERE SQL clause to run on the \(aqlike\(aq dataset
+                                   Mutually exclusive with \-\-like\-sql
+.EE
+.UNINDENT
+.UNINDENT
+.sp
+Details for options can be found in \fI\%gdal vector clip\fP\&.
+.SS combine
+.INDENT 0.0
+.INDENT 3.5
+.sp
+.EX
+* combine [OPTIONS]
+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-
+
+Combine features into collections
+
+Options:
+  \-\-group\-by <GROUP\-BY>                  Names of field(s) by which inputs should be grouped [may be repeated]
+  \-\-keep\-nested                          Avoid combining the components of multipart geometries
+  \-\-add\-extra\-fields <ADD\-EXTRA\-FIELDS>  Whether to add extra fields, depending on if they have identical values within each group. ADD\-EXTRA\-FIELDS=no|sometimes\-identical|always\-identical (default: no)
+.EE
+.UNINDENT
+.UNINDENT
+.sp
+Details for options can be found in \fI\%gdal vector combine\fP\&.
+.SS concave\-hull
+.INDENT 0.0
+.INDENT 3.5
+.sp
+.EX
+* concave\-hull [OPTIONS]
+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-
+
+Compute the concave hull of geometries of a vector dataset.
+
+Options:
+  \-\-active\-layer <ACTIVE\-LAYER>        Set active layer (if not specified, all)
+  \-\-active\-geometry <ACTIVE\-GEOMETRY>  Geometry field name to which to restrict the processing (if not specified, all)
+  \-\-ratio <RATIO>                      Ratio controlling the concavity [required]
+  \-\-allow\-holes                        Allow holes in the output polygon
+  \-\-tight                              Whether the hull must follow the outer boundaries of the input polygons
+.EE
+.UNINDENT
+.UNINDENT
+.sp
+Details for options can be found in \fI\%gdal vector concave\-hull\fP\&.
+.SS concat
+.INDENT 0.0
+.INDENT 3.5
+.sp
+.EX
+* concat [OPTIONS] <INPUTS>...
+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-
+
+Concatenate vector datasets.
+
+Positional arguments:
+  \-i, \-\-input <INPUTS>                                       Input vector datasets [1.. values] [required]
+
+Options:
+  \-l, \-\-layer, \-\-input\-layer <INPUT\-LAYER>                   Input layer name(s) [may be repeated]
+  \-\-mode <MODE>                                              Determine the strategy to create output layers from source layers . MODE=merge\-per\-layer\-name|stack|single (default: merge\-per\-layer\-name)
+  \-\-output\-layer <OUTPUT\-LAYER>                              Name of the output vector layer (single mode), or template to name the output vector layers (stack mode)
+  \-\-source\-layer\-field\-name <SOURCE\-LAYER\-FIELD\-NAME>        Name of the new field to add to contain identification of the source layer, with value determined from \(aqsource\-layer\-field\-content\(aq
+  \-\-source\-layer\-field\-content <SOURCE\-LAYER\-FIELD\-CONTENT>  A string, possibly using {AUTO_NAME}, {DS_NAME}, {DS_BASENAME}, {DS_INDEX}, {LAYER_NAME}, {LAYER_INDEX}
+  \-\-field\-strategy <FIELD\-STRATEGY>                          How to determine target fields from source fields. FIELD\-STRATEGY=union|intersection (default: union)
+  \-s, \-\-input\-crs <INPUT\-CRS>                                Input CRS
+  \-d, \-\-output\-crs <OUTPUT\-CRS>                              Output CRS
+
+Advanced Options:
+  \-\-if, \-\-input\-format <INPUT\-FORMAT>                        Input formats [may be repeated]
+  \-\-oo, \-\-open\-option <KEY>=<VALUE>                          Open options [may be repeated]
+.EE
+.UNINDENT
+.UNINDENT
+.sp
+Details for options can be found in \fI\%gdal vector concat\fP\&.
+.SS convex\-hull
+.INDENT 0.0
+.INDENT 3.5
+.sp
+.EX
+* convex\-hull [OPTIONS]
+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-
+
+Compute the convex hull of geometries of a vector dataset.
+
+Options:
+  \-\-active\-layer <ACTIVE\-LAYER>        Set active layer (if not specified, all)
+  \-\-active\-geometry <ACTIVE\-GEOMETRY>  Geometry field name to which to restrict the processing (if not specified, all)
+.EE
+.UNINDENT
+.UNINDENT
+.sp
+Details for options can be found in \fI\%gdal vector convex\-hull\fP\&.
+.SS create
+.INDENT 0.0
+.INDENT 3.5
+.sp
+.EX
+* create [OPTIONS] <OUTPUT>
+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-
+
+Create a vector dataset.
+
+Positional arguments:
+  \-o, \-\-output <OUTPUT>                                Output vector dataset [required]
+
+Options:
+  \-i, \-\-like, \-\-input <TEMPLATE\-DATASET>               Input vector datasets
+                                                       Mutually exclusive with \-\-schema, \-\-field
+  \-l, \-\-layer, \-\-input\-layer <INPUT\-LAYER>             Input layer name(s) [may be repeated]
+  \-f, \-\-of, \-\-format, \-\-output\-format <OUTPUT\-FORMAT>  Output format (\(dqGDALG\(dq allowed)
+  \-\-co, \-\-creation\-option <KEY>=<VALUE>                Creation option [may be repeated]
+  \-\-lco, \-\-layer\-creation\-option <KEY>=<VALUE>         Layer creation option [may be repeated]
+  \-\-overwrite                                          Whether overwriting existing output dataset is allowed
+  \-\-update                                             Whether to open existing dataset in update mode
+  \-\-overwrite\-layer                                    Whether overwriting existing output layer is allowed
+  \-\-output\-layer <OUTPUT\-LAYER>                        Output layer name
+  \-\-geometry\-type <GEOMETRY\-TYPE>                      Layer geometry type
+  \-\-geometry\-field <GEOMETRY\-FIELD>                    Name of the geometry field to create (if supported by the output format) (default: geom)
+  \-\-crs <CRS>                                          Set CRS
+  \-\-fid <FID>                                          FID column name
+  \-\-schema <SCHEMA_JSON>                               Read OGR_SCHEMA and populate field definitions from it
+                                                       Mutually exclusive with \-\-input, \-\-field
+  \-\-field <NAME>:<TYPE>[(,<WIDTH>[,<PRECISION>])]>     Add a field definition to the output layer [may be repeated]
+                                                       Mutually exclusive with \-\-input, \-\-schema
+
+Advanced Options:
+  \-\-if, \-\-input\-format <INPUT\-FORMAT>                  Input formats [may be repeated]
+  \-\-oo, \-\-open\-option <KEY>=<VALUE>                    Open options [may be repeated]
+  \-\-output\-oo, \-\-output\-open\-option <KEY>=<VALUE>      Output open options [may be repeated]
+.EE
+.UNINDENT
+.UNINDENT
+.sp
+Details for options can be found in \fI\%gdal vector create\fP\&.
+.SS dissolve
+.INDENT 0.0
+.INDENT 3.5
+.sp
+.EX
+* dissolve [OPTIONS]
+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-
+
+Dissolves multipart features
+
+Options:
+  \-\-active\-layer <ACTIVE\-LAYER>        Set active layer (if not specified, all)
+  \-\-active\-geometry <ACTIVE\-GEOMETRY>  Geometry field name to which to restrict the processing (if not specified, all)
+.EE
+.UNINDENT
+.UNINDENT
+.sp
+Details for options can be found in \fI\%gdal vector dissolve\fP\&.
+.SS edit
+.INDENT 0.0
+.INDENT 3.5
+.sp
+.EX
+* edit [OPTIONS]
+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-
+
+Edit metadata of a vector dataset.
+
+Options:
+  \-\-active\-layer <ACTIVE\-LAYER>    Set active layer (if not specified, all)
+  \-\-output\-layer <OUTPUT\-LAYER>    Output layer name
+  \-\-geometry\-type <GEOMETRY\-TYPE>  Layer geometry type
+  \-\-crs <CRS>                      Override CRS (without reprojection)
+  \-\-metadata <KEY>=<VALUE>         Add/update dataset metadata item [may be repeated]
+  \-\-unset\-metadata <KEY>           Remove dataset metadata item [may be repeated]
+  \-\-layer\-metadata <KEY>=<VALUE>   Add/update layer metadata item [may be repeated]
+  \-\-unset\-layer\-metadata <KEY>     Remove layer metadata item [may be repeated]
+  \-\-unset\-fid                      Unset the identifier of each feature and the FID column name
+.EE
+.UNINDENT
+.UNINDENT
+.sp
+Details for options can be found in \fI\%gdal vector edit\fP\&.
+.SS explode\-collections
+.INDENT 0.0
+.INDENT 3.5
+.sp
+.EX
+* explode\-collections [OPTIONS]
+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-
+
+Explode geometries of type collection of a vector dataset.
+
+Options:
+  \-\-active\-layer <ACTIVE\-LAYER>        Set active layer (if not specified, all)
+  \-\-active\-geometry <ACTIVE\-GEOMETRY>  Geometry field name to which to restrict the processing (if not specified, all)
+  \-\-geometry\-type <GEOMETRY\-TYPE>      Geometry type
+  \-\-skip\-on\-type\-mismatch              Skip feature when change of feature geometry type failed
+.EE
+.UNINDENT
+.UNINDENT
+.sp
+Details for options can be found in \fI\%gdal vector explode\-collections\fP\&.
+.SS export\-schema
+.sp
+Added in version 3.12.
+
+.INDENT 0.0
+.INDENT 3.5
+.sp
+.EX
+* export\-schema [OPTIONS]
+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-
+
+Export the OGR_SCHEMA from a vector dataset.
+
+Positional arguments:
+
+Options:
+  \-l, \-\-layer, \-\-input\-layer <INPUT\-LAYER>  Input layer name [may be repeated]
+.EE
+.UNINDENT
+.UNINDENT
+.sp
+Details for options can be found in \fI\%gdal vector export\-schema\fP\&.
+.SS external
+.INDENT 0.0
+.INDENT 3.5
+.sp
+.EX
+* external [OPTIONS] <COMMAND>
+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-
+
+Execute an external program as a step of a pipeline
+
+Positional arguments:
+  \-\-command <COMMAND>                                  External command, optionally with <INPUT> and/or <OUTPUT> or <INPUT\-OUTPUT> placeholders [required]
+
+Options:
+  \-f, \-\-of, \-\-format, \-\-output\-format <OUTPUT\-FORMAT>  Output format
+
+Advanced Options:
+  \-\-if, \-\-input\-format <INPUT\-FORMAT>                  Input formats
+.EE
+.UNINDENT
+.UNINDENT
+.sp
+Details for options can be found in \fI\%gdal external\fP\&.
+.SS filter
+.INDENT 0.0
+.INDENT 3.5
+.sp
+.EX
+* filter [OPTIONS]
+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-
+
+Filter a vector dataset.
+
+Options:
+  \-\-active\-layer <ACTIVE\-LAYER>  Set active layer (if not specified, all)
+  \-\-bbox <BBOX>                  Bounding box as xmin,ymin,xmax,ymax
+  \-\-where <WHERE>|@<filename>    Attribute query in a restricted form of the queries used in the SQL WHERE statement
+  \-\-update\-extent                Update layer extent to take into account the filter
+.EE
+.UNINDENT
+.UNINDENT
+.sp
+Details for options can be found in \fI\%gdal vector filter\fP\&.
+.SS info
+.sp
+Added in version 3.12.
+
+.INDENT 0.0
+.INDENT 3.5
+.sp
+.EX
+* info [OPTIONS]
+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-
+
+Return information on a vector dataset.
+
+Positional arguments:
+
+Options:
+  \-f, \-\-of, \-\-format, \-\-output\-format <OUTPUT\-FORMAT>  Output format. OUTPUT\-FORMAT=json|text
+  \-l, \-\-layer, \-\-input\-layer <INPUT\-LAYER>             Input layer name [may be repeated]
+                                                       Mutually exclusive with \-\-sql, \-\-fid
+  \-\-features                                           List all features (beware of RAM consumption on large layers)
+                                                       Mutually exclusive with \-\-summary
+  \-\-summary                                            List the layer names and the geometry type
+                                                       Mutually exclusive with \-\-features
+  \-\-limit <FEATURE\-COUNT>                              Limit the number of features per layer (implies \-\-features)
+  \-\-sql <statement>|@<filename>                        Execute the indicated SQL statement and return the result
+                                                       Mutually exclusive with \-\-input\-layer, \-\-fid
+  \-\-where <WHERE>|@<filename>                          Attribute query in a restricted form of the queries used in the SQL WHERE statement
+  \-\-fid <FID>                                          Feature identifier
+                                                       Mutually exclusive with \-\-input\-layer, \-\-sql
+  \-\-dialect <DIALECT>                                  SQL dialect
+
+Esoteric Options:
+  \-\-crs\-format <CRS\-FORMAT>                            Which format to use to report CRS. CRS\-FORMAT=AUTO|WKT2|PROJJSON (default: AUTO)
+.EE
+.UNINDENT
+.UNINDENT
+.sp
+Details for options can be found in \fI\%gdal vector info\fP\&.
+.SS limit
+.INDENT 0.0
+.INDENT 3.5
+.sp
+.EX
+* limit [OPTIONS] <LIMIT>
+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-
+
+Truncate a vector dataset to no more than a specified number of features.
+
+Positional arguments:
+  \-\-limit <LIMIT>                Limit the number of features to read per layer [required]
+
+Options:
+  \-\-active\-layer <ACTIVE\-LAYER>  Set active layer (if not specified, all)
+.EE
+.UNINDENT
+.UNINDENT
+.SS make\-point
+.INDENT 0.0
+.INDENT 3.5
+.sp
+.EX
+* make\-point [OPTIONS]
+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-
+
+Create point geometries from attribute fields
+
+Options:
+  \-\-x <X>                    Field from which X coordinate should be read [required]
+  \-\-y <Y>                    Field from which Y coordinate should be read [required]
+  \-\-z <Z>                    Optional field from which Z coordinate should be read
+  \-\-m <M>                    Optional field from which M coordinate should be read
+  \-\-output\-crs <OUTPUT\-CRS>  Output CRS
+.EE
+.UNINDENT
+.UNINDENT
+.sp
+Details for options can be found in \fI\%gdal vector make\-point\fP\&.
+.SS make\-valid
+.INDENT 0.0
+.INDENT 3.5
+.sp
+.EX
+* make\-valid [OPTIONS]
+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-
+
+Fix validity of geometries of a vector dataset.
+
+Options:
+  \-\-active\-layer <ACTIVE\-LAYER>        Set active layer (if not specified, all)
+  \-\-active\-geometry <ACTIVE\-GEOMETRY>  Geometry field name to which to restrict the processing (if not specified, all)
+  \-\-method <METHOD>                    Algorithm to use when repairing invalid geometries.. METHOD=linework|structure (default: linework)
+  \-\-keep\-lower\-dim                     Keep components of lower dimension after MakeValid()
+.EE
+.UNINDENT
+.UNINDENT
+.sp
+Details for options can be found in \fI\%gdal vector make\-valid\fP\&.
+.SS materialize
+.INDENT 0.0
+.INDENT 3.5
+.sp
+.EX
+* materialize [OPTIONS]
+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-
+
+Materialize a piped dataset on disk to increase the efficiency of the following steps.
+
+Options:
+  \-o, \-\-output <OUTPUT>                                Materialized dataset name (created by algorithm)
+  \-f, \-\-of, \-\-format, \-\-output\-format <OUTPUT\-FORMAT>  Output format
+  \-\-co, \-\-creation\-option <KEY>=<VALUE>                Creation option [may be repeated]
+  \-\-lco, \-\-layer\-creation\-option <KEY>=<VALUE>         Layer creation option [may be repeated]
+  \-\-overwrite                                          Whether overwriting existing output dataset is allowed
+.EE
+.UNINDENT
+.UNINDENT
+.sp
+Details for options can be found in \fI\%gdal vector materialize\fP\&.
+.SS partition
+.sp
+Added in version 3.12.
+
+.INDENT 0.0
+.INDENT 3.5
+.sp
+.EX
+* partition [OPTIONS] <OUTPUT>
+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-
+
+Partition a vector dataset into multiple files.
+
+Positional arguments:
+  \-o, \-\-output <OUTPUT>                                Output directory [required]
+
+Options:
+  \-\-overwrite                                          Whether overwriting existing output dataset is allowed
+                                                       Mutually exclusive with \-\-append
+  \-\-append                                             Whether appending to existing layer is allowed
+                                                       Mutually exclusive with \-\-overwrite
+  \-f, \-\-of, \-\-format, \-\-output\-format <OUTPUT\-FORMAT>  Output format
+  \-\-co, \-\-creation\-option <KEY>=<VALUE>                Creation option [may be repeated]
+  \-\-lco, \-\-layer\-creation\-option <KEY>=<VALUE>         Layer creation option [may be repeated]
+  \-\-field <FIELD>                                      Attribute or geometry field(s) on which to partition [may be repeated]
+  \-\-scheme <SCHEME>                                    Partitioning scheme. SCHEME=hive|flat (default: hive)
+  \-\-pattern <PATTERN>                                  Filename pattern (\(aqpart_%010d\(aq for scheme=hive, \(aq{LAYER_NAME}_{FIELD_VALUE}_%010d\(aq for scheme=flat)
+  \-\-feature\-limit <FEATURE\-LIMIT>                      Maximum number of features per file
+  \-\-max\-file\-size <MAX\-FILE\-SIZE>                      Maximum file size (MB or GB suffix can be used)
+  \-\-omit\-partitioned\-field                             Whether to omit partitioned fields from target layer definition
+  \-\-skip\-errors                                        Skip errors when writing features
+.EE
+.UNINDENT
+.UNINDENT
+.sp
+Details for options can be found in \fI\%gdal vector partition\fP\&.
+.SS read
+.INDENT 0.0
+.INDENT 3.5
+.sp
+.EX
+* read [OPTIONS] <INPUT>
+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-
+
+Read a vector dataset.
+
+Positional arguments:
+  \-i, \-\-input <INPUT>                       Input vector datasets [required]
+
+Options:
+  \-l, \-\-layer, \-\-input\-layer <INPUT\-LAYER>  Input layer name(s) [may be repeated]
+
+Advanced Options:
+  \-\-if, \-\-input\-format <INPUT\-FORMAT>       Input formats [may be repeated]
+  \-\-oo, \-\-open\-option <KEY>=<VALUE>         Open options [may be repeated]
+.EE
+.UNINDENT
+.UNINDENT
+.sp
+Details for options can be found in \fI\%gdal vector pipeline read\fP\&.
+.SS rename\-layer
+.INDENT 0.0
+.INDENT 3.5
+.sp
+.EX
+* rename\-layer [OPTIONS]
+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-
+
+Rename layer(s) of a vector dataset.
+
+Options:
+  \-l, \-\-input\-layer <INPUT\-LAYER>                  Input layer name
+  \-\-output\-layer <OUTPUT\-LAYER>                    Output layer name
+  \-\-ascii                                          Force names to ASCII character
+  \-\-lower\-case                                     Force names to lower case (only on ASCII characters)
+  \-\-filename\-compatible                            Force names to be usable as filenames
+  \-\-reserved\-characters <RESERVED\-CHARACTERS>      Reserved character(s) to be removed
+  \-\-replacement\-character <REPLACEMENT\-CHARACTER>  Replacement character when ASCII conversion not possible
+  \-\-max\-length <MAX\-LENGTH>                        Maximum length of layer names
+.EE
+.UNINDENT
+.UNINDENT
+.sp
+Details for options can be found in \fI\%gdal vector rename\-layer\fP\&.
+.SS reproject
+.INDENT 0.0
+.INDENT 3.5
+.sp
+.EX
+* reproject [OPTIONS]
+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-
+
+Reproject a vector dataset.
+
+Options:
+  \-\-active\-layer <ACTIVE\-LAYER>  Set active layer (if not specified, all)
+  \-s, \-\-input\-crs <INPUT\-CRS>    Input CRS
+  \-d, \-\-output\-crs <OUTPUT\-CRS>  Output CRS [required]
+.EE
+.UNINDENT
+.UNINDENT
+.sp
+Details for options can be found in \fI\%gdal vector reproject\fP\&.
+.SS segmentize
+.INDENT 0.0
+.INDENT 3.5
+.sp
+.EX
+* segmentize [OPTIONS] <MAX\-LENGTH>
+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-
+
+Segmentize geometries of a vector dataset.
+
+Positional arguments:
+  \-\-max\-length <MAX\-LENGTH>            Maximum length of a segment [required]
+
+Options:
+  \-\-active\-layer <ACTIVE\-LAYER>        Set active layer (if not specified, all)
+  \-\-active\-geometry <ACTIVE\-GEOMETRY>  Geometry field name to which to restrict the processing (if not specified, all)
+.EE
+.UNINDENT
+.UNINDENT
+.sp
+Details for options can be found in \fI\%gdal vector segmentize\fP\&.
+.SS select
+.INDENT 0.0
+.INDENT 3.5
+.sp
+.EX
+* select [OPTIONS] <FIELDS>
+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-
+
+Select a subset of fields from a vector dataset.
+
+Positional arguments:
+  \-\-fields <FIELDS>              Fields to select (or exclude if \-\-exclude) [may be repeated] [required]
+
+Options:
+  \-\-active\-layer <ACTIVE\-LAYER>  Set active layer (if not specified, all)
+  \-\-output\-layer <OUTPUT\-LAYER>  Output layer name
+  \-\-exclude                      Exclude specified fields
+                                 Mutually exclusive with \-\-ignore\-missing\-fields
+  \-\-ignore\-missing\-fields        Ignore missing fields
+                                 Mutually exclusive with \-\-exclude
+.EE
+.UNINDENT
+.UNINDENT
+.sp
+Details for options can be found in \fI\%gdal vector select\fP\&.
+.SS set\-field\-type
+.INDENT 0.0
+.INDENT 3.5
+.sp
+.EX
+* set\-field\-type [OPTIONS]
+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-
+
+Modify the type of a field of a vector dataset.
+
+Options:
+  \-\-active\-layer <ACTIVE\-LAYER>                   Set active layer (if not specified, all)
+  \-\-field\-name <FIELD\-NAME>                       Field name [required]
+                                                  Mutually exclusive with \-\-input\-field\-type
+  \-\-input\-field\-type <INPUT\-FIELD\-TYPE>           Source field type or subtype [required]
+                                                  Mutually exclusive with \-\-field\-name
+  \-\-output\-field\-type, \-\-field\-type <FIELD\-TYPE>  Target field type or subtype [required]
+.EE
+.UNINDENT
+.UNINDENT
+.sp
+Details for options can be found in \fI\%gdal vector set\-field\-type\fP\&.
+.SS set\-geom\-type
+.INDENT 0.0
+.INDENT 3.5
+.sp
+.EX
+* set\-geom\-type [OPTIONS]
+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-
+
+Modify the geometry type of a vector dataset.
+
+Options:
+  \-\-active\-layer <ACTIVE\-LAYER>        Set active layer (if not specified, all)
+  \-\-active\-geometry <ACTIVE\-GEOMETRY>  Geometry field name to which to restrict the processing (if not specified, all)
+  \-\-layer\-only                         Only modify the layer geometry type
+                                       Mutually exclusive with \-\-feature\-only
+  \-\-feature\-only                       Only modify the geometry type of features
+                                       Mutually exclusive with \-\-layer\-only
+  \-\-geometry\-type <GEOMETRY\-TYPE>      Geometry type
+  \-\-multi                              Force geometries to MULTI geometry types
+                                       Mutually exclusive with \-\-single
+  \-\-single                             Force geometries to non\-MULTI geometry types
+                                       Mutually exclusive with \-\-multi
+  \-\-linear                             Convert curve geometries to linear types
+                                       Mutually exclusive with \-\-curve
+  \-\-curve                              Convert linear geometries to curve types
+                                       Mutually exclusive with \-\-linear
+  \-\-dim <DIM>                          Force geometries to the specified dimension. DIM=XY|XYZ|XYM|XYZM
+  \-\-skip                               Skip feature when change of feature geometry type failed
+.EE
+.UNINDENT
+.UNINDENT
+.sp
+Details for options can be found in \fI\%gdal vector set\-geom\-type\fP\&.
+.SS simplify
+.INDENT 0.0
+.INDENT 3.5
+.sp
+.EX
+* simplify [OPTIONS] <TOLERANCE>
+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-
+
+Simplify geometries of a vector dataset.
+
+Positional arguments:
+  \-\-tolerance <TOLERANCE>              Distance tolerance for simplification. [required]
+
+Options:
+  \-\-active\-layer <ACTIVE\-LAYER>        Set active layer (if not specified, all)
+  \-\-active\-geometry <ACTIVE\-GEOMETRY>  Geometry field name to which to restrict the processing (if not specified, all)
+.EE
+.UNINDENT
+.UNINDENT
+.sp
+Details for options can be found in \fI\%gdal vector simplify\fP\&.
+.SS simplify\-coverage
+.INDENT 0.0
+.INDENT 3.5
+.sp
+.EX
+* simplify\-coverage [OPTIONS] <TOLERANCE>
+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-
+
+Simplify shared boundaries of a polygonal vector dataset.
+
+Positional arguments:
+  \-\-tolerance <TOLERANCE>        Distance tolerance for simplification. [required]
+
+Options:
+  \-\-active\-layer <ACTIVE\-LAYER>  Set active layer (if not specified, all)
+  \-\-preserve\-boundary            Whether the exterior boundary should be preserved.
+.EE
+.UNINDENT
+.UNINDENT
+.sp
+Details for options can be found in \fI\%gdal vector simplify\-coverage\fP\&.
+.SS sort
+.INDENT 0.0
+.INDENT 3.5
+.sp
+.EX
+* sort [OPTIONS]
+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-
+
+Spatially order the features in a layer
+
+Options:
+  \-\-geometry\-field <GEOMETRY\-FIELD>  Name of geometry field to use in sort
+  \-\-method <METHOD>                  Geometry sorting algorithm. METHOD=hilbert|strtree (default: hilbert)
+  \-\-use\-tempfile                     Write features to a temporary file to avoid reading the entire input dataset into memory
+.EE
+.UNINDENT
+.UNINDENT
+.sp
+Details for options can be found in \fI\%gdal vector sort\fP\&.
+.SS sql
+.INDENT 0.0
+.INDENT 3.5
+.sp
+.EX
+* sql [OPTIONS] <statement>|@<filename>
+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-
+
+Apply SQL statement(s) to a dataset.
+
+Positional arguments:
+  \-\-sql <statement>|@<filename>      SQL statement(s) [may be repeated] [required]
+
+Options:
+  \-l, \-\-output\-layer <OUTPUT\-LAYER>  Output layer name(s) [may be repeated]
+  \-\-dialect <DIALECT>                SQL dialect (e.g. OGRSQL, SQLITE)
+.EE
+.UNINDENT
+.UNINDENT
+.sp
+Details for options can be found in \fI\%gdal vector sql\fP\&.
+.SS swap\-xy
+.INDENT 0.0
+.INDENT 3.5
+.sp
+.EX
+* swap\-xy [OPTIONS]
+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-
+
+Swap X and Y coordinates of geometries of a vector dataset.
+
+Options:
+  \-\-active\-layer <ACTIVE\-LAYER>        Set active layer (if not specified, all)
+  \-\-active\-geometry <ACTIVE\-GEOMETRY>  Geometry field name to which to restrict the processing (if not specified, all)
+.EE
+.UNINDENT
+.UNINDENT
+.sp
+Details for options can be found in \fI\%gdal vector swap\-xy\fP\&.
+.SS tee
+.INDENT 0.0
+.INDENT 3.5
+.sp
+.EX
+* tee [OPTIONS] [<PIPELINE>...]
+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-
+
+Pipes the input into the output stream and side nested pipelines.
+
+Positional arguments:
+  \-\-tee\-pipeline <PIPELINE>  Nested pipeline [1.. values]
+.EE
+.UNINDENT
+.UNINDENT
+.sp
+Details for options can be found in \fI\%Output nested pipeline\fP\&.
+.SS update
+.INDENT 0.0
+.INDENT 3.5
+.sp
+.EX
+* update [OPTIONS] <OUTPUT>
+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-
+
+Update an existing vector dataset with an input vector dataset.
+
+Positional arguments:
+  \-o, \-\-output <OUTPUT>                            Output vector dataset [required]
+
+Options:
+  \-\-input\-layer <INPUT\-LAYER>                      Input layer name
+  \-\-output\-layer <OUTPUT\-LAYER>                    Output layer name
+  \-\-mode <MODE>                                    Set update mode. MODE=merge|update\-only|append\-only (default: merge)
+  \-\-key <KEY>                                      Field(s) used as a key to identify features [may be repeated]
+
+Advanced Options:
+  \-\-output\-oo, \-\-output\-open\-option <KEY>=<VALUE>  Output open options [may be repeated]
+.EE
+.UNINDENT
+.UNINDENT
+.sp
+Details for options can be found in \fI\%gdal vector update\fP\&.
+.SS write
+.INDENT 0.0
+.INDENT 3.5
+.sp
+.EX
+* write [OPTIONS] <OUTPUT>
+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-
+
+Write a vector dataset.
+
+Positional arguments:
+  \-o, \-\-output <OUTPUT>                                Output vector dataset [required]
+
+Options:
+  \-f, \-\-of, \-\-format, \-\-output\-format <OUTPUT\-FORMAT>  Output format (\(dqGDALG\(dq allowed)
+  \-\-co, \-\-creation\-option <KEY>=<VALUE>                Creation option [may be repeated]
+  \-\-lco, \-\-layer\-creation\-option <KEY>=<VALUE>         Layer creation option [may be repeated]
+  \-\-overwrite                                          Whether overwriting existing output dataset is allowed
+  \-\-update                                             Whether to open existing dataset in update mode
+  \-\-overwrite\-layer                                    Whether overwriting existing output layer is allowed
+  \-\-append                                             Whether appending to existing layer is allowed
+                                                       Mutually exclusive with \-\-upsert
+  \-l, \-\-output\-layer <OUTPUT\-LAYER>                    Output layer name
+  \-\-skip\-errors                                        Skip errors when writing features
+  \-\-no\-create\-empty\-layers                             Avoid creating layers to which no features will be written
+
+Advanced Options:
+  \-\-output\-oo, \-\-output\-open\-option <KEY>=<VALUE>      Output open options [may be repeated]
+  \-\-upsert                                             Upsert features (implies \(aqappend\(aq)
+                                                       Mutually exclusive with \-\-append
+.EE
+.UNINDENT
+.UNINDENT
+.sp
+Details for options can be found in \fI\%gdal vector pipeline write\fP\&.
+.SH GDALG OUTPUT (ON-THE-FLY / STREAMED DATASET)
+.sp
+A pipeline can be serialized as a JSON file using the \fBGDALG\fP output format.
+The resulting file can then be opened as a vector dataset using the
+\fI\%GDALG: GDAL Streamed Algorithm\fP driver, and apply the specified pipeline in a on\-the\-fly /
+streamed way.
+.sp
+The \fBcommand_line\fP member of the JSON file should nominally be the whole command
+line without the final \fBwrite\fP step, and is what is generated by
+\fBgdal vector pipeline ! .... ! write out.gdalg.json\fP\&.
+.INDENT 0.0
+.INDENT 3.5
+.sp
+.EX
+{
+    \(dqtype\(dq: \(dqgdal_streamed_alg\(dq,
+    \(dqcommand_line\(dq: \(dqgdal vector pipeline ! read in.gpkg ! reproject \-\-output\-crs=EPSG:32632\(dq
+}
+.EE
+.UNINDENT
+.UNINDENT
+.sp
+The final \fBwrite\fP step can be added but if so it must explicitly specify the
+\fBstream\fP output format and a non\-significant output dataset name.
+.INDENT 0.0
+.INDENT 3.5
+.sp
+.EX
+{
+    \(dqtype\(dq: \(dqgdal_streamed_alg\(dq,
+    \(dqcommand_line\(dq: \(dqgdal vector pipeline ! read in.gpkg ! reproject \-\-output\-crs=EPSG:32632 ! write \-\-output\-format=streamed streamed_dataset\(dq
+}
+.EE
+.UNINDENT
+.UNINDENT
+.SH SUBSTITUTIONS
+.sp
+Added in version 3.12.
+
+.sp
+It is possible to use \fBgdal pipeline\fP to use a pipeline already
+serialized in a .gdal.json file, and customize its existing steps, typically
+changing an input filename, specifying an output filename, or adding/modifying arguments
+of steps.
+.sp
+See \fI\%Substitutions\fP\&.
+.SH NESTED PIPELINE
+.sp
+Added in version 3.12.
+
+.sp
+It is possible to create \(dqnested pipelines\(dq, i.e. pipelines inside pipelines.
+.sp
+A nested pipeline is delimited by square brackets (\fB[\fP and \fB]\fP) surrounded
+by a space character.
+.sp
+There are 2 kinds of nested pipelines:
+.INDENT 0.0
+.IP \(bu 2
+input nested pipelines: where the result dataset of the nested pipeline is
+used as the input dataset for an argument of the main pipeline.
+.IP \(bu 2
+output nested pipelines: where the output of a step of the main pipeline is
+used as the input of the nested pipeline in a following step. Output nested
+pipelines can only be used with the \fBtee\fP step.
+.UNINDENT
+.sp
+See \fI\%Nested pipeline\fP\&.
+.SH RETURN STATUS CODE
+.sp
+The program returns status code 0 in case of success, and non\-zero in case of
+error (non\-blocking errors emitted as warnings are considered as a successful
+execution).
+.SH EXAMPLES
+.SS Example 1: Reproject a GeoPackage file to CRS EPSG:32632 (\(dqWGS 84 / UTM zone 32N\(dq)
+.INDENT 0.0
+.INDENT 3.5
+.sp
+.EX
+$ gdal vector pipeline ! read in.gpkg ! reproject \-\-output\-crs=EPSG:32632 ! write out.gpkg \-\-overwrite
+.EE
+.UNINDENT
+.UNINDENT
+.SS Example 2: Serialize the command of a reprojection of a GeoPackage file in a GDALG file, and later read it
+.INDENT 0.0
+.INDENT 3.5
+.sp
+.EX
+$ gdal vector pipeline ! read in.gpkg ! reproject \-\-output\-crs=EPSG:32632 ! write in_epsg_32632.gdalg.json \-\-overwrite
+$ gdal vector info in_epsg_32632.gdalg.json
+.EE
+.UNINDENT
+.UNINDENT
+.SS Example 3: Union 2 source shapefiles (with similar structure), reproject them to EPSG:32632, keep only cities larger than 1 million inhabitants and write to a GeoPackage
+.INDENT 0.0
+.INDENT 3.5
+.sp
+.EX
+$ gdal vector pipeline ! concat \-\-single \-\-output\-crs=EPSG:32632 france.shp belgium.shp ! filter \-\-where \(dqpop > 1e6\(dq ! write out.gpkg \-\-overwrite
+.EE
+.UNINDENT
+.UNINDENT
+.SS Example 4: Filter and reproject a GeoPackage layer to a GeoJSON file
+.sp
+When using \fI\%select\fP to restrict the output fields,
+ensure that it appears \fBafter\fP the \fI\%filter\fP
+step in the pipeline when the filter expression references fields. If a
+field required by the filter is removed by \fBselect\fP, it will not be
+available and the command will fail with: \fBERROR 1: \(dqworldcity\(dq not recognised as an available field.\fP
+.sp
+If you want the output to contain spatial data, you must also include the geometry
+field in the selected fields. In this example the source dataset has no named geometry column. In such
+cases the special field \fB_ogr_geometry_\fP can be used to reference the
+geometry. If no geometry field is included, reprojection will
+fail with: \fBERROR 1: reproject: Layer \(aqne_110m_populated_places_simple\(aq has no spatial reference system\fP\&.
+.sp
+Finally, ensure that there are \fBno spaces\fP between the field names in the
+list. For example: \fB\(dq_ogr_geometry_, name\(dq\fP will
+produce the error: \fBERROR 1: Field \(aq name\(aq does not exist in layer \(aqne_110m_populated_places_simple\(aq.\fP
+Bash
+.INDENT 0.0
+.INDENT 3.5
+.sp
+.EX
+gdal vector pipeline \e
+    ! read natural_earth_vector.gpkg \-\-layer ne_110m_populated_places_simple \e
+    ! filter \-\-where \(dqworldcity = 1\(dq \e
+    ! select \-\-fields \(dq_ogr_geometry_,name\(dq \e
+    ! reproject \-\-output\-crs=ESRI:53009 \e
+    ! write worldcity_53009.geojson \-\-overwrite
+.EE
+.UNINDENT
+.UNINDENT
+PowerShell
+.INDENT 0.0
+.INDENT 3.5
+.sp
+.EX
+gdal vector pipeline \(ga
+    ! read natural_earth_vector.gpkg \-\-layer ne_110m_populated_places_simple \(ga
+    ! filter \-\-where \(dqworldcity = 1\(dq \(ga
+    ! select \-\-fields \(dq_ogr_geometry_,name\(dq \(ga
+    ! reproject \-\-output\-crs=ESRI:53009 \(ga
+    ! write worldcity_53009.geojson \-\-overwrite
+.EE
+.UNINDENT
+.UNINDENT
+[image]
+.SH AUTHOR
+Even Rouault <even.rouault@spatialys.com>
+.SH COPYRIGHT
+1998-2026
+.\" Generated by docutils manpage writer.
+.