exiftool_vendored 9.45.0 → 9.46.0

data/bin/Image-ExifTool-9.46/lib/Image/ExifTool/CanonVRD.pm

@@ -0,0 +1,1481 @@
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# File:         CanonVRD.pm
+#
+# Description:  Read/write Canon VRD information
+#
+# Revisions:    2006/10/30 - P. Harvey Created
+#               2007/10/23 - PH Added new VRD 3.0 tags
+#               2008/08/29 - PH Added new VRD 3.4 tags
+#               2008/12/02 - PH Added new VRD 3.5 tags
+#               2010/06/18 - PH Support variable-length CustomPictureStyle data
+#               2010/09/14 - PH Added r/w support for XMP in VRD
+#
+# References:   1) Bogdan private communication (Canon DPP v3.4.1.1)
+#               2) Gert Kello private communiation (DPP 3.8)
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+package Image::ExifTool::CanonVRD;
+
+use strict;
+use vars qw($VERSION);
+use Image::ExifTool qw(:DataAccess :Utils);
+
+$VERSION = '1.21';
+
+sub ProcessCanonVRD($$;$);
+sub WriteCanonVRD($$;$);
+sub ProcessEditData($$$);
+sub ProcessIHL($$$);
+sub ProcessIHLExif($$$);
+
+# map for adding directories to VRD
+my %vrdMap = (
+    XMP      => 'CanonVRD',
+    CanonVRD => 'VRD',
+);
+
+my %noYes = ( 0 => 'No', 1 => 'Yes' );
+
+# main tag table blocks in CanonVRD trailer (ref PH)
+%Image::ExifTool::CanonVRD::Main = (
+    WRITE_PROC => \&WriteCanonVRD,
+    PROCESS_PROC => \&ProcessCanonVRD,
+    NOTES => q{
+        Canon Digital Photo Professional writes VRD (Recipe Data) information as a
+        trailer record to JPEG, TIFF, CRW and CR2 images, or as a stand-alone VRD
+        file.  The tags listed below represent information found in this record. 
+        The complete VRD data record may be accessed as a block using the Extra
+        'CanonVRD' tag, but this tag is not extracted or copied unless specified
+        explicitly.
+    },
+    0xffff00f4 => {
+        Name => 'EditData',
+        SubDirectory => { TagTable => 'Image::ExifTool::CanonVRD::Edit' },
+    },
+    0xffff00f5 => {
+        Name => 'IHLData',
+        SubDirectory => { TagTable => 'Image::ExifTool::CanonVRD::IHL' },
+    },
+    0xffff00f6 => {
+        Name => 'XMP',
+        Flags => [ 'Binary', 'Protected' ],
+        Writable => 'undef',    # allow writing/deleting as a block
+        SubDirectory => {
+            DirName => 'XMP',
+            TagTable => 'Image::ExifTool::XMP::Main',
+        },
+    },
+);
+
+# the VRD edit information is divided into sections
+%Image::ExifTool::CanonVRD::Edit = (
+    WRITE_PROC => \&ProcessEditData,
+    PROCESS_PROC => \&ProcessEditData,
+    VARS => { ID_LABEL => 'Index' }, # change TagID label in documentation
+    NOTES => 'Canon VRD edit information.',
+    0 => {
+        Name => 'VRD1',
+        Size => 0x272,  # size of version 1.0 edit information in bytes
+        SubDirectory => { TagTable => 'Image::ExifTool::CanonVRD::Ver1' },
+    },
+    1 => {
+        Name => 'VRDStampTool',
+        # (size is variable, and obtained from int32u at end of last directory)
+        Size => 0,      # size is variable, and obtained from int32u at directory start
+        SubDirectory => { TagTable => 'Image::ExifTool::CanonVRD::StampTool' },
+    },
+    2 => {
+        Name => 'VRD2',
+        Size => undef,  # size is the remaining edit data
+        SubDirectory => { TagTable => 'Image::ExifTool::CanonVRD::Ver2' },
+    },
+);
+
+# "IHL Created Optional Item Data" tags (not yet writable)
+%Image::ExifTool::CanonVRD::IHL = (
+    PROCESS_PROC => \&ProcessIHL,
+    TAG_PREFIX => 'VRD_IHL',
+    GROUPS => { 2 => 'Image' },
+    1 => [
+        # this contains edited TIFF-format data, with an original IFD at 0x0008
+        # and an edited IFD with offset given in the TIFF header.
+        {
+            Name => 'IHL_EXIF',
+            Condition => '$self->Options("ExtractEmbedded")',
+            SubDirectory => {
+                TagTable => 'Image::ExifTool::Exif::Main',
+                ProcessProc => \&ProcessIHLExif,
+            },
+        },{
+            Name => 'IHL_EXIF',
+            Notes => q{
+                extracted as a block if the Unknown option is used, or processed as the
+                first sub-document with the ExtractEmbedded option
+            },
+            Binary => 1,
+            Unknown => 1,
+        },
+    ],
+    # 2 - written by DPP 3.0.2.6, and it looks something like edit data,
+    #     but I haven't decoded it yet - PH
+    3 => {
+        # (same size as the PreviewImage with DPP 3.0.2.6)
+        Name => 'ThumbnailImage',
+        Binary => 1,
+    },
+    4 => {
+        Name => 'PreviewImage',
+        Binary => 1,
+    },
+    5 => {
+        Name => 'RawCodecVersion',
+        ValueConv => '$val =~ s/\0.*//s; $val',  # truncate string at null
+    },
+    6 => {
+        Name => 'CRCDevelParams',
+        Binary => 1,
+        Unknown => 1,
+    },
+);
+
+# VRD version 1 tags (ref PH)
+%Image::ExifTool::CanonVRD::Ver1 = (
+    PROCESS_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::ProcessBinaryData,
+    WRITE_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::WriteBinaryData,
+    CHECK_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::CheckBinaryData,
+    WRITABLE => 1,
+    FIRST_ENTRY => 0,
+    GROUPS => { 2 => 'Image' },
+    DATAMEMBER => [ 0x002 ],   # necessary for writing
+#
+# RAW image adjustment
+#
+    0x002 => {
+        Name => 'VRDVersion',
+        Format => 'int16u',
+        Writable => 0,
+        DataMember => 'VRDVersion',
+        RawConv => '$$self{VRDVersion} = $val',
+        PrintConv => '$val =~ s/^(\d)(\d*)(\d)$/$1.$2.$3/; $val',
+    },
+    0x006 => {
+        Name => 'WBAdjRGGBLevels',
+        Format => 'int16u[4]',
+    },
+    0x018 => {
+        Name => 'WhiteBalanceAdj',
+        Format => 'int16u',
+        PrintConvColumns => 2,
+        PrintConv => {
+            0 => 'Auto',
+            1 => 'Daylight',
+            2 => 'Cloudy',
+            3 => 'Tungsten',
+            4 => 'Fluorescent',
+            5 => 'Flash',
+            8 => 'Shade',
+            9 => 'Kelvin',
+            30 => 'Manual (Click)',
+            31 => 'Shot Settings',
+        },
+    },
+    0x01a => {
+        Name => 'WBAdjColorTemp',
+        Format => 'int16u',
+    },
+    # 0x01c similar to 0x006
+    0x024 => {
+        Name => 'WBFineTuneActive',
+        Format => 'int16u',
+        PrintConv => \%noYes,
+    },
+    0x028 => {
+        Name => 'WBFineTuneSaturation',
+        Format => 'int16u',
+    },
+    0x02c => {
+        Name => 'WBFineTuneTone',
+        Format => 'int16u',
+    },
+    0x02e => {
+        Name => 'RawColorAdj',
+        Format => 'int16u',
+        PrintConv => {
+            0 => 'Shot Settings',
+            1 => 'Faithful',
+            2 => 'Custom',
+        },
+    },
+    0x030 => {
+        Name => 'RawCustomSaturation',
+        Format => 'int32s',
+    },
+    0x034 => {
+        Name => 'RawCustomTone',
+        Format => 'int32s',
+    },
+    0x038 => {
+        Name => 'RawBrightnessAdj',
+        Format => 'int32s',
+        ValueConv => '$val / 6000',
+        ValueConvInv => 'int($val * 6000 + ($val < 0 ? -0.5 : 0.5))',
+        PrintConv => 'sprintf("%.2f",$val)',
+        PrintConvInv => '$val',
+    },
+    0x03c => {
+        Name => 'ToneCurveProperty',
+        Format => 'int16u',
+        PrintConvColumns => 2,
+        PrintConv => {
+            0 => 'Shot Settings',
+            1 => 'Linear',
+            2 => 'Custom 1',
+            3 => 'Custom 2',
+            4 => 'Custom 3',
+            5 => 'Custom 4',
+            6 => 'Custom 5',
+        },
+    },
+    # 0x040 usually "10 9 2"
+    0x07a => {
+        Name => 'DynamicRangeMin',
+        Format => 'int16u',
+    },
+    0x07c => {
+        Name => 'DynamicRangeMax',
+        Format => 'int16u',
+    },
+    # 0x0c6 usually "10 9 2"
+#
+# RGB image adjustment
+#
+    0x110 => {
+        Name => 'ToneCurveActive',
+        Format => 'int16u',
+        PrintConv => \%noYes,
+    },
+    0x113 => {
+        Name => 'ToneCurveMode',
+        PrintConv => { 0 => 'RGB', 1 => 'Luminance' },
+    },
+    0x114 => {
+        Name => 'BrightnessAdj',
+        Format => 'int8s',
+    },
+    0x115 => {
+        Name => 'ContrastAdj',
+        Format => 'int8s',
+    },
+    0x116 => {
+        Name => 'SaturationAdj',
+        Format => 'int16s',
+    },
+    0x11e => {
+        Name => 'ColorToneAdj',
+        Notes => 'in degrees, so -1 is the same as 359',
+        Format => 'int32s',
+    },
+    0x126 => {
+        Name => 'LuminanceCurvePoints',
+        Format => 'int16u[21]',
+        PrintConv => 'Image::ExifTool::CanonVRD::ToneCurvePrint($val)',
+        PrintConvInv => 'Image::ExifTool::CanonVRD::ToneCurvePrintInv($val)',
+    },
+    0x150 => {
+        Name => 'LuminanceCurveLimits',
+        Notes => '4 numbers: input and output highlight and shadow points',
+        Format => 'int16u[4]',
+    },
+    0x159 => {
+        Name => 'ToneCurveInterpolation',
+        PrintConv => { 0 => 'Curve', 1 => 'Straight' },
+    },
+    0x160 => {
+        Name => 'RedCurvePoints',
+        Format => 'int16u[21]',
+        PrintConv => 'Image::ExifTool::CanonVRD::ToneCurvePrint($val)',
+        PrintConvInv => 'Image::ExifTool::CanonVRD::ToneCurvePrintInv($val)',
+    },
+    # 0x193 same as 0x159
+    0x19a => {
+        Name => 'GreenCurvePoints',
+        Format => 'int16u[21]',
+        PrintConv => 'Image::ExifTool::CanonVRD::ToneCurvePrint($val)',
+        PrintConvInv => 'Image::ExifTool::CanonVRD::ToneCurvePrintInv($val)',
+    },
+    # 0x1cd same as 0x159
+    0x1d4 => {
+        Name => 'BlueCurvePoints',
+        Format => 'int16u[21]',
+        PrintConv => 'Image::ExifTool::CanonVRD::ToneCurvePrint($val)',
+        PrintConvInv => 'Image::ExifTool::CanonVRD::ToneCurvePrintInv($val)',
+    },
+    0x18a => {
+        Name => 'RedCurveLimits',
+        Format => 'int16u[4]',
+    },
+    0x1c4 => {
+        Name => 'GreenCurveLimits',
+        Format => 'int16u[4]',
+    },
+    0x1fe => {
+        Name => 'BlueCurveLimits',
+        Format => 'int16u[4]',
+    },
+    # 0x207 same as 0x159
+    0x20e => {
+        Name => 'RGBCurvePoints',
+        Format => 'int16u[21]',
+        PrintConv => 'Image::ExifTool::CanonVRD::ToneCurvePrint($val)',
+        PrintConvInv => 'Image::ExifTool::CanonVRD::ToneCurvePrintInv($val)',
+    },
+    0x238 => {
+        Name => 'RGBCurveLimits',
+        Format => 'int16u[4]',
+    },
+    # 0x241 same as 0x159
+    0x244 => {
+        Name => 'CropActive',
+        Format => 'int16u',
+        PrintConv => \%noYes,
+    },
+    0x246 => {
+        Name => 'CropLeft',
+        Notes => 'crop coordinates in original unrotated image',
+        Format => 'int16u',
+    },
+    0x248 => {
+        Name => 'CropTop',
+        Format => 'int16u',
+    },
+    0x24a => {
+        Name => 'CropWidth',
+        Format => 'int16u',
+    },
+    0x24c => {
+        Name => 'CropHeight',
+        Format => 'int16u',
+    },
+    0x25a => {
+        Name => 'SharpnessAdj',
+        Format => 'int16u',
+    },
+    0x260 => {
+        Name => 'CropAspectRatio',
+        Format => 'int16u',
+        PrintConv => {
+            0 => 'Free',
+            1 => '3:2',
+            2 => '2:3',
+            3 => '4:3',
+            4 => '3:4',
+            5 => 'A-size Landscape',
+            6 => 'A-size Portrait',
+            7 => 'Letter-size Landscape',
+            8 => 'Letter-size Portrait',
+            9 => '4:5',
+            10 => '5:4',
+            11 => '1:1',
+            12 => 'Circle',
+            65535 => 'Custom',
+        },
+    },
+    0x262 => {
+        Name => 'ConstrainedCropWidth',
+        Format => 'float',
+        PrintConv => 'sprintf("%.7g",$val)',
+        PrintConvInv => '$val',
+    },
+    0x266 => {
+        Name => 'ConstrainedCropHeight',
+        Format => 'float',
+        PrintConv => 'sprintf("%.7g",$val)',
+        PrintConvInv => '$val',
+    },
+    0x26a => {
+        Name => 'CheckMark',
+        Format => 'int16u',
+        PrintConv => {
+            0 => 'Clear',
+            1 => 1,
+            2 => 2,
+            3 => 3,
+        },
+    },
+    0x26e => {
+        Name => 'Rotation',
+        Format => 'int16u',
+        PrintConv => {
+            0 => 0,
+            1 => 90,
+            2 => 180,
+            3 => 270,
+        },
+    },
+    0x270 => {
+        Name => 'WorkColorSpace',
+        Format => 'int16u',
+        PrintConv => {
+            0 => 'sRGB',
+            1 => 'Adobe RGB',
+            2 => 'Wide Gamut RGB',
+            3 => 'Apple RGB',
+            4 => 'ColorMatch RGB',
+        },
+    },
+    # (VRD 1.0.0 edit data ends here -- 0x272 bytes)
+);
+
+# VRD Stamp Tool tags (ref PH)
+%Image::ExifTool::CanonVRD::StampTool = (
+    PROCESS_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::ProcessBinaryData,
+    GROUPS => { 2 => 'Image' },
+    0x00 => {
+        Name => 'StampToolCount',
+        Format => 'int32u',
+    },
+);
+
+# VRD version 2 and 3 tags (ref PH)
+%Image::ExifTool::CanonVRD::Ver2 = (
+    PROCESS_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::ProcessBinaryData,
+    WRITE_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::WriteBinaryData,
+    CHECK_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::CheckBinaryData,
+    WRITABLE => 1,
+    FIRST_ENTRY => 0,
+    FORMAT => 'int16s',
+    DATAMEMBER => [ 0x58, 0xdf, 0xea ], # (required for DataMember and var-format tags)
+    GROUPS => { 2 => 'Image' },
+    NOTES => 'Tags added in DPP version 2.0 and later.',
+    0x02 => {
+        Name => 'PictureStyle',
+        PrintConvColumns => 2,
+        PrintConv => {
+            0 => 'Standard',
+            1 => 'Portrait',
+            2 => 'Landscape',
+            3 => 'Neutral',
+            4 => 'Faithful',
+            5 => 'Monochrome',
+            6 => 'Unknown?', # PH (maybe in-camera custom picture style?)
+            7 => 'Custom',
+        },
+    },
+    0x03 => {
+        Name => 'IsCustomPictureStyle',
+        PrintConv => \%noYes,
+    },
+    # 0x08: 3
+    # 0x09: 4095
+    # 0x0a: 0
+    # 0x0b: 4095
+    # 0x0c: 0
+    0x0d => 'StandardRawColorTone',
+    0x0e => 'StandardRawSaturation',
+    0x0f => 'StandardRawContrast',
+    0x10 => {
+        Name => 'StandardRawLinear',
+        PrintConv => \%noYes,
+    },
+    0x11 => 'StandardRawSharpness',
+    0x12 => 'StandardRawHighlightPoint',
+    0x13 => 'StandardRawShadowPoint',
+    0x14 => 'StandardOutputHighlightPoint', #2
+    0x15 => 'StandardOutputShadowPoint', #2
+    0x16 => 'PortraitRawColorTone',
+    0x17 => 'PortraitRawSaturation',
+    0x18 => 'PortraitRawContrast',
+    0x19 => {
+        Name => 'PortraitRawLinear',
+        PrintConv => \%noYes,
+    },
+    0x1a => 'PortraitRawSharpness',
+    0x1b => 'PortraitRawHighlightPoint',
+    0x1c => 'PortraitRawShadowPoint',
+    0x1d => 'PortraitOutputHighlightPoint',
+    0x1e => 'PortraitOutputShadowPoint',
+    0x1f => 'LandscapeRawColorTone',
+    0x20 => 'LandscapeRawSaturation',
+    0x21 => 'LandscapeRawContrast',
+    0x22 => {
+        Name => 'LandscapeRawLinear',
+        PrintConv => \%noYes,
+    },
+    0x23 => 'LandscapeRawSharpness',
+    0x24 => 'LandscapeRawHighlightPoint',
+    0x25 => 'LandscapeRawShadowPoint',
+    0x26 => 'LandscapeOutputHighlightPoint',
+    0x27 => 'LandscapeOutputShadowPoint',
+    0x28 => 'NeutralRawColorTone',
+    0x29 => 'NeutralRawSaturation',
+    0x2a => 'NeutralRawContrast',
+    0x2b => {
+        Name => 'NeutralRawLinear',
+        PrintConv => \%noYes,
+    },
+    0x2c => 'NeutralRawSharpness',
+    0x2d => 'NeutralRawHighlightPoint',
+    0x2e => 'NeutralRawShadowPoint',
+    0x2f => 'NeutralOutputHighlightPoint',
+    0x30 => 'NeutralOutputShadowPoint',
+    0x31 => 'FaithfulRawColorTone',
+    0x32 => 'FaithfulRawSaturation',
+    0x33 => 'FaithfulRawContrast',
+    0x34 => {
+        Name => 'FaithfulRawLinear',
+        PrintConv => \%noYes,
+    },
+    0x35 => 'FaithfulRawSharpness',
+    0x36 => 'FaithfulRawHighlightPoint',
+    0x37 => 'FaithfulRawShadowPoint',
+    0x38 => 'FaithfulOutputHighlightPoint',
+    0x39 => 'FaithfulOutputShadowPoint',
+    0x3a => {
+        Name => 'MonochromeFilterEffect',
+        PrintConv => {
+            -2 => 'None',
+            -1 => 'Yellow',
+            0 => 'Orange',
+            1 => 'Red',
+            2 => 'Green',
+        },
+    },
+    0x3b => {
+        Name => 'MonochromeToningEffect',
+        PrintConv => {
+            -2 => 'None',
+            -1 => 'Sepia',
+            0 => 'Blue',
+            1 => 'Purple',
+            2 => 'Green',
+        },
+    },
+    0x3c => 'MonochromeContrast',
+    0x3d => {
+        Name => 'MonochromeLinear',
+        PrintConv => \%noYes,
+    },
+    0x3e => 'MonochromeSharpness',
+    0x3f => 'MonochromeRawHighlightPoint',
+    0x40 => 'MonochromeRawShadowPoint',
+    0x41 => 'MonochromeOutputHighlightPoint',
+    0x42 => 'MonochromeOutputShadowPoint',
+    0x45 => { Name => 'UnknownContrast',            Unknown => 1 },
+    0x46 => {
+        Name => 'UnknownLinear',
+        Unknown => 1,
+        PrintConv => \%noYes,
+    },
+    0x47 => { Name => 'UnknownSharpness',           Unknown => 1 },
+    0x48 => { Name => 'UnknownRawHighlightPoint',   Unknown => 1 },
+    0x49 => { Name => 'UnknownRawShadowPoint',      Unknown => 1 },
+    0x4a => { Name => 'UnknownOutputHighlightPoint',Unknown => 1 },
+    0x4b => { Name => 'UnknownOutputShadowPoint',   Unknown => 1 },
+    0x4e => 'CustomContrast',
+    0x4f => {
+        Name => 'CustomLinear',
+        PrintConv => \%noYes,
+    },
+    0x50 => 'CustomSharpness',
+    0x51 => 'CustomRawHighlightPoint',
+    0x52 => 'CustomRawShadowPoint',
+    0x53 => 'CustomOutputHighlightPoint',
+    0x54 => 'CustomOutputShadowPoint',
+    0x58 => {
+        Name => 'CustomPictureStyleData',
+        Format => 'var_int16u',
+        Binary => 1,
+        Notes => 'variable-length data structure',
+        Writable => 0,
+        RawConv => 'length($val) == 2 ? undef : $val', # ignore if no data
+    },
+    # (VRD 2.0.0 edit data ends here: 178 bytes, index 0x59)
+    0x5e => [{
+        Name => 'ChrominanceNoiseReduction',
+        Condition => '$$self{VRDVersion} < 330',
+        Notes => 'VRDVersion prior to 3.3.0',
+        PrintConv => {
+            0   => 'Off',
+            58  => 'Low',
+            100 => 'High',
+        },
+    },{ #1
+        Name => 'ChrominanceNoiseReduction',
+        Notes => 'VRDVersion 3.3.0 or later',
+        PrintHex => 1,
+        PrintConvColumns => 4,
+        PrintConv => {
+            0x00 => 0,
+            0x10 => 1,
+            0x21 => 2,
+            0x32 => 3,
+            0x42 => 4,
+            0x53 => 5,
+            0x64 => 6,
+            0x74 => 7,
+            0x85 => 8,
+            0x96 => 9,
+            0xa6 => 10,
+            0xa7 => 11,
+            0xa8 => 12,
+            0xa9 => 13,
+            0xaa => 14,
+            0xab => 15,
+            0xac => 16,
+            0xad => 17,
+            0xae => 18,
+            0xaf => 19,
+            0xb0 => 20,
+        },
+    }],
+    0x5f => [{
+        Name => 'LuminanceNoiseReduction',
+        Condition => '$$self{VRDVersion} < 330',
+        Notes => 'VRDVersion prior to 3.3.0',
+        PrintConv => {
+            0   => 'Off',
+            65  => 'Low',
+            100 => 'High',
+        },
+    },{ #1
+        Name => 'LuminanceNoiseReduction',
+        Notes => 'VRDVersion 3.3.0 or later',
+        PrintHex => 1,
+        PrintConvColumns => 4,
+        PrintConv => {
+            0x00 => 0,
+            0x41 => 1,
+            0x64 => 2,
+            0x6e => 3,
+            0x78 => 4,
+            0x82 => 5,
+            0x8c => 6,
+            0x96 => 7,
+            0xa0 => 8,
+            0xaa => 9,
+            0xb4 => 10,
+            0xb5 => 11,
+            0xb6 => 12,
+            0xb7 => 13,
+            0xb8 => 14,
+            0xb9 => 15,
+            0xba => 16,
+            0xbb => 17,
+            0xbc => 18,
+            0xbd => 19,
+            0xbe => 20,
+        },
+    }],
+    0x60 => [{
+        Name => 'ChrominanceNR_TIFF_JPEG',
+        Condition => '$$self{VRDVersion} < 330',
+        Notes => 'VRDVersion prior to 3.3.0',
+        PrintConv => {
+            0   => 'Off',
+            33  => 'Low',
+            100 => 'High',
+        },
+    },{ #1
+        Name => 'ChrominanceNR_TIFF_JPEG',
+        Notes => 'VRDVersion 3.3.0 or later',
+        PrintHex => 1,
+        PrintConvColumns => 4,
+        PrintConv => {
+            0x00 => 0,
+            0x10 => 1,
+            0x21 => 2,
+            0x32 => 3,
+            0x42 => 4,
+            0x53 => 5,
+            0x64 => 6,
+            0x74 => 7,
+            0x85 => 8,
+            0x96 => 9,
+            0xa6 => 10,
+            0xa7 => 11,
+            0xa8 => 12,
+            0xa9 => 13,
+            0xaa => 14,
+            0xab => 15,
+            0xac => 16,
+            0xad => 17,
+            0xae => 18,
+            0xaf => 19,
+            0xb0 => 20,
+        },
+    }],
+    # 0x61: 1
+    # (VRD 3.0.0 edit data ends here: 196 bytes, index 0x62)
+    0x62 => {
+        Name => 'ChromaticAberrationOn',
+        ValueConv => \%noYes,
+    },
+    0x63 => {
+        Name => 'DistortionCorrectionOn',
+        ValueConv => \%noYes,
+    },
+    0x64 => {
+        Name => 'PeripheralIlluminationOn',
+        ValueConv => \%noYes,
+    },
+    0x65 => {
+        Name => 'ColorBlur',
+        ValueConv => \%noYes,
+    },
+    0x66 => {
+        Name => 'ChromaticAberration',
+        ValueConv => '$val / 0x400',
+        ValueConvInv => 'int($val * 0x400 + 0.5)',
+        PrintConv => 'sprintf("%.0f%%", $val * 100)',
+        PrintConvInv => 'ToFloat($val) / 100',
+    },
+    0x67 => {
+        Name => 'DistortionCorrection',
+        ValueConv => '$val / 0x400',
+        ValueConvInv => 'int($val * 0x400 + 0.5)',
+        PrintConv => 'sprintf("%.0f%%", $val * 100)',
+        PrintConvInv => 'ToFloat($val) / 100',
+    },
+    0x68 => {
+        Name => 'PeripheralIllumination',
+        ValueConv => '$val / 0x400',
+        ValueConvInv => 'int($val * 0x400 + 0.5)',
+        PrintConv => 'sprintf("%.0f%%", $val * 100)',
+        PrintConvInv => 'ToFloat($val) / 100',
+    },
+    0x69 => {
+        Name => 'AberrationCorrectionDistance',
+        Notes => '100% = infinity',
+        RawConv => '$val == 0x7fff ? undef : $val',
+        ValueConv => '1 - $val / 0x400',
+        ValueConvInv => 'int((1 - $val) * 0x400 + 0.5)',
+        PrintConv => 'sprintf("%.0f%%", $val * 100)',
+        PrintConvInv => 'ToFloat($val) / 100',
+    },
+    0x6a => 'ChromaticAberrationRed',
+    0x6b => 'ChromaticAberrationBlue',
+    0x6d => { #1
+        Name => 'LuminanceNR_TIFF_JPEG',
+        Notes => 'val = raw / 10',
+        ValueConv => '$val / 10',
+        ValueConvInv => 'int($val * 10 + 0.5)',
+    },
+    # (VRD 3.4.0 edit data ends here: 220 bytes, index 0x6e)
+    0x6e => {
+        Name => 'AutoLightingOptimizerOn',
+        PrintConv => \%noYes,
+    },
+    0x6f => {
+        Name => 'AutoLightingOptimizer',
+        PrintConv => {
+            100 => 'Low',
+            200 => 'Standard',
+            300 => 'Strong',
+            0x7fff => 'n/a', #1
+        },
+    },
+    # 0x71: 200
+    # 0x73: 100
+    # (VRD 3.5.0 edit data ends here: 232 bytes, index 0x74)
+    0x75 => {
+        Name => 'StandardRawHighlight',
+        ValueConv => '$val / 10',
+        ValueConvInv => '$val * 10',
+    },
+    0x76 => {
+        Name => 'PortraitRawHighlight',
+        ValueConv => '$val / 10',
+        ValueConvInv => '$val * 10',
+    },
+    0x77 => {
+        Name => 'LandscapeRawHighlight',
+        ValueConv => '$val / 10',
+        ValueConvInv => '$val * 10',
+    },
+    0x78 => {
+        Name => 'NeutralRawHighlight',
+        ValueConv => '$val / 10',
+        ValueConvInv => '$val * 10',
+    },
+    0x79 => {
+        Name => 'FaithfulRawHighlight',
+        ValueConv => '$val / 10',
+        ValueConvInv => '$val * 10',
+    },
+    0x7a => {
+        Name => 'MonochromeRawHighlight',
+        ValueConv => '$val / 10',
+        ValueConvInv => '$val * 10',
+    },
+    0x7b => {
+        Name => 'UnknownRawHighlight',
+        Unknown => 1,
+        ValueConv => '$val / 10',
+        ValueConvInv => '$val * 10',
+    },
+    0x7c => {
+        Name => 'CustomRawHighlight',
+        ValueConv => '$val / 10',
+        ValueConvInv => '$val * 10',
+    },
+    0x7e => {
+        Name => 'StandardRawShadow',
+        ValueConv => '$val / 10',
+        ValueConvInv => '$val * 10',
+    },
+    0x7f => {
+        Name => 'PortraitRawShadow',
+        ValueConv => '$val / 10',
+        ValueConvInv => '$val * 10',
+    },
+    0x80 => {
+        Name => 'LandscapeRawShadow',
+        ValueConv => '$val / 10',
+        ValueConvInv => '$val * 10',
+    },
+    0x81 => {
+        Name => 'NeutralRawShadow',
+        ValueConv => '$val / 10',
+        ValueConvInv => '$val * 10',
+    },
+    0x82 => {
+        Name => 'FaithfulRawShadow',
+        ValueConv => '$val / 10',
+        ValueConvInv => '$val * 10',
+    },
+    0x83 => {
+        Name => 'MonochromeRawShadow',
+        ValueConv => '$val / 10',
+        ValueConvInv => '$val * 10',
+    },
+    0x84 => {
+        Name => 'UnknownRawShadow',
+        Unknown => 1,
+        ValueConv => '$val / 10',
+        ValueConvInv => '$val * 10',
+    },
+    0x85 => {
+        Name => 'CustomRawShadow',
+        ValueConv => '$val / 10',
+        ValueConvInv => '$val * 10',
+    },
+    0x8b => { #2
+        Name => 'AngleAdj',
+        Format => 'int32s',
+        ValueConv => '$val / 100',
+        ValueConvInv => '$val * 100',
+    },
+    0x8e => {
+        Name => 'CheckMark2',
+        Format => 'int16u',
+        PrintConvColumns => 2,
+        PrintConv => {
+            0 => 'Clear',
+            1 => 1,
+            2 => 2,
+            3 => 3,
+            4 => 4,
+            5 => 5,
+        },
+    },
+    # (VRD 3.8.0 edit data ends here: 286 bytes, index 0x8f)
+    0x90 => {
+        Name => 'UnsharpMask',
+        PrintConv => { 0 => 'Off', 1 => 'On' },
+    },
+    0x92 => 'StandardUnsharpMaskStrength',
+    0x94 => 'StandardUnsharpMaskFineness',
+    0x96 => 'StandardUnsharpMaskThreshold',
+    0x98 => 'PortraitUnsharpMaskStrength',
+    0x9a => 'PortraitUnsharpMaskFineness',
+    0x9c => 'PortraitUnsharpMaskThreshold',
+    0x9e => 'LandscapeUnsharpMaskStrength',
+    0xa0 => 'LandscapeUnsharpMaskFineness',
+    0xa2 => 'LandscapeUnsharpMaskThreshold',
+    0xa4 => 'NeutraUnsharpMaskStrength',
+    0xa6 => 'NeutralUnsharpMaskFineness',
+    0xa8 => 'NeutralUnsharpMaskThreshold',
+    0xaa => 'FaithfulUnsharpMaskStrength',
+    0xac => 'FaithfulUnsharpMaskFineness',
+    0xae => 'FaithfulUnsharpMaskThreshold',
+    0xb0 => 'MonochromeUnsharpMaskStrength',
+    0xb2 => 'MonochromeUnsharpMaskFineness',
+    0xb4 => 'MonochromeUnsharpMaskThreshold',
+    0xb6 => 'CustomUnsharpMaskStrength',
+    0xb8 => 'CustomUnsharpMaskFineness',
+    0xba => 'CustomUnsharpMaskThreshold',
+    0xbc => 'CustomDefaultUnsharpStrength',
+    0xbe => 'CustomDefaultUnsharpFineness',
+    0xc0 => 'CustomDefaultUnsharpThreshold',
+    # (VRD 3.9.1 edit data ends here: 392 bytes, index 0xc4)
+    # 0xc9: 3    - some RawSharpness
+    # 0xca: 4095 - some RawHighlightPoint
+    # 0xcb: 0    - some RawShadowPoint
+    # 0xcc: 4095 - some OutputHighlightPoint
+    # 0xcd: 0    - some OutputShadowPoint
+    # 0xd1: 3    - some UnsharpMaskStrength
+    # 0xd3: 7    - some UnsharpMaskFineness
+    # 0xd5: 3,4  - some UnsharpMaskThreshold
+    0xd6 => {
+        Name => 'CropCircleActive',
+        PrintConv => \%noYes,
+    },
+    0xd7 => 'CropCircleX',
+    0xd8 => 'CropCircleY',
+    0xd9 => 'CropCircleRadius',
+    # 0xda: 0, 1
+    # 0xdb: 100
+    0xdc => {
+        Name => 'DLOOn',
+        PrintConv => \%noYes,
+    },
+    0xdd => 'DLOSetting',
+    # (VRD 3.11.0 edit data ends here: 444 bytes, index 0xde)
+    0xde => {
+        Name => 'DLOShootingDistance',
+        Notes => '100% = infinity',
+        RawConv => '$val == 0x7fff ? undef : $val',
+        ValueConv => '1 - $val / 0x400',
+        ValueConvInv => 'int((1 - $val) * 0x400 + 0.5)',
+        PrintConv => 'sprintf("%.0f%%", $val * 100)',
+        PrintConvInv => 'ToFloat($val) / 100',
+    },
+    0xdf => {
+        Name => 'DLODataLength',
+        Format => 'int32u',
+        Writable => 0,
+        # - have seen 65536 when DLO is Off
+        #   --> this is my only sample where 0xda is 1 -- coincidence?
+    },
+    # 0xe1 - 0 without DLO, seen 3112 with DLO
+    # (VRD 3.11.2 edit data ends here: 452 bytes, index 0xe2, unless DLO is on)
+    0xe4 => 'DLOSettingApplied',
+    0xe5 => {
+        Name => 'DLOVersion', #(NC)
+        Format => 'string[10]',
+    },
+    0xea => {
+        Name => 'DLOData',
+        Notes => 'variable-length Digital Lens Optimizer data, stored in JPEG-like format',
+        Format => 'var_undef[$val{0xdf}]',
+        Writable => 0,
+        RawConv => 'length($val) ? \$val : undef', # (don't extract if zero length)
+    },
+);
+
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Tone curve print conversion
+sub ToneCurvePrint($)
+{
+    my $val = shift;
+    my @vals = split ' ', $val;
+    return $val unless @vals == 21;
+    my $n = shift @vals;
+    return $val unless $n >= 2 and $n <= 10;
+    $val = '';
+    while ($n--) {
+        $val and $val .= ' ';
+        $val .= '(' . shift(@vals) . ',' . shift(@vals) . ')';
+    }
+    return $val;
+}
+
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Inverse print conversion for tone curve
+sub ToneCurvePrintInv($)
+{
+    my $val = shift;
+    my @vals = ($val =~ /\((\d+),(\d+)\)/g);
+    return undef unless @vals >= 4 and @vals <= 20 and not @vals & 0x01;
+    unshift @vals, scalar(@vals) / 2;
+    while (@vals < 21) { push @vals, 0 }
+    return join(' ',@vals);
+}
+
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Read/Write VRD edit data
+# Inputs: 0) ExifTool object ref, 1) dirInfo ref, 2) tag table ref
+# Returns: Reading: 1 on success; Writing: modified edit data, or undef if nothing changed
+sub ProcessEditData($$$)
+{
+    my ($et, $dirInfo, $tagTablePtr) = @_;
+    $et or return 1;    # allow dummy access
+    my $dataPt = $$dirInfo{DataPt};
+    my $pos = $$dirInfo{DirStart};
+    my $dataPos = $$dirInfo{DataPos};
+    my $outfile = $$dirInfo{OutFile};
+    my $dirLen = $$dirInfo{DirLen};
+    my $dirEnd = $pos + $dirLen;
+    my $verbose = $et->Options('Verbose');
+    my $out = $et->Options('TextOut');
+    my $oldChanged = $$et{CHANGED};
+
+    $et->VerboseDir('VRD Edit Data', 0, $dirLen) unless $outfile;
+
+    # loop through all records in the edit data
+    my ($recNum, $recLen, $err);
+    for ($recNum=0;; ++$recNum, $pos+=$recLen) {
+        if ($pos + 4 > $dirEnd) {
+            last if $pos == $dirEnd;    # all done if we arrived at end
+            $recLen = 0;    # just reset record size (will exit loop on test below)
+        } else {
+            $recLen = Get32u($dataPt, $pos);
+        }
+        $pos += 4;          # move to start of record
+        if ($pos + $recLen > $dirEnd) {
+            $et->Warn('Possibly corrupt CanonVRD Edit record');
+            $err = 1;
+            last;
+        }
+        if ($verbose > 1 and not $outfile) {
+            printf $out "$$et{INDENT}CanonVRD Edit record ($recLen bytes at offset 0x%x)\n",
+                   $pos + $dataPos;
+            if ($recNum and $verbose > 2) {
+                my %parms = (
+                    Start  => $pos,
+                    Addr   => $pos + $dataPos,
+                    Out    => $out,
+                    Prefix => $$et{INDENT},
+                );
+                $parms{MaxLen} = $verbose == 3 ? 96 : 2048 if $verbose < 5;
+                Image::ExifTool::HexDump($dataPt, $recLen, %parms);
+            }
+        }
+
+        # our edit information is the 0th record, so don't process the others
+        next if $recNum;
+
+        # process VRD edit information
+        my $subTablePtr = GetTagTable('Image::ExifTool::CanonVRD::Edit');
+        my $index;
+        my $editData = substr($$dataPt, $pos, $recLen);
+        my %subdirInfo = (
+            DataPt => \$editData,
+            DataPos => $dataPos + $pos,
+        );
+        my $start = 0;
+        # loop through various sections of the VRD edit data
+        for ($index=0; ; ++$index) {
+            my $tagInfo = $$subTablePtr{$index} or last;
+            my $dirLen;
+            my $maxLen = $recLen - $start;
+            if ($$tagInfo{Size}) {
+                $dirLen = $$tagInfo{Size};
+            } elsif (defined $$tagInfo{Size}) {
+                # get size from int32u at $start
+                last unless $start + 4 <= $recLen;
+                $dirLen = Get32u(\$editData, $start);
+                $start += 4; # skip the length word
+            } else {
+                $dirLen = $maxLen;
+            }
+            $dirLen > $maxLen and $dirLen = $maxLen;
+            if ($dirLen) {
+                my $subTable = GetTagTable($tagInfo->{SubDirectory}->{TagTable});
+                my $subName = $$tagInfo{Name};
+                $subdirInfo{DirStart} = $start;
+                $subdirInfo{DirLen} = $dirLen;
+                $subdirInfo{DirName} = $subName;
+                if ($outfile) {
+                    # rewrite this section of the VRD edit information
+                    $verbose and print $out "  Rewriting Canon $subName\n";
+                    my $newVal = $et->WriteDirectory(\%subdirInfo, $subTable);
+                    substr($$dataPt, $pos+$start, $dirLen) = $newVal if $newVal;
+                } else {
+                    $et->VPrint(0, "$$et{INDENT}$subName (SubDirectory) -->\n");
+                    $et->VerboseDump(\$editData,
+                        Start => $start,
+                        Addr  => $dataPos + $pos + $start,
+                        Len   => $dirLen,
+                    );
+                    # extract tags from this section of the VRD edit information
+                    $et->ProcessDirectory(\%subdirInfo, $subTable);
+                }
+            }
+            # next section starts at the end of this one
+            $start += $dirLen;
+        }
+    }
+    if ($outfile) {
+        return undef if $oldChanged == $$et{CHANGED};
+        return substr($$dataPt, $$dirInfo{DirStart}, $dirLen);
+    }
+    return $err ? 0 : 1;
+}
+
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Process VRD IHL data
+# Inputs: 0) ExifTool object ref, 1) dirInfo ref, 2) tag table ref
+# Returns: 1 on success
+sub ProcessIHL($$$)
+{
+    my ($et, $dirInfo, $tagTablePtr) = @_;
+    my $dataPt = $$dirInfo{DataPt};
+    my $dataPos = $$dirInfo{DataPos};
+    my $pos = $$dirInfo{DirStart};
+    my $dirLen = $$dirInfo{DirLen};
+    my $dirEnd = $pos + $dirLen;
+
+    $et->VerboseDir('VRD IHL', 0, $dirLen);
+
+    SetByteOrder('II'); # (make up your mind, Canon!)
+    while ($pos + 48 <= $dirEnd) {
+        my $hdr = substr($$dataPt, $pos, 48);
+        unless ($hdr =~ /^IHL Created Optional Item Data\0\0/) {
+            $et->Warn('Possibly corrupted VRD IHL data');
+            last;
+        }
+        my $tag  = Get32u($dataPt, $pos + 36);
+        my $size = Get32u($dataPt, $pos + 40); # size of data in IHL record
+        my $next = Get32u($dataPt, $pos + 44); # size of complete IHL record
+        if ($size > $next or $pos + 48 + $next > $dirEnd) {
+            $et->Warn(sprintf('Bad size for VRD IHL tag 0x%.4x', $tag));
+            last;
+        }
+        $pos += 48;
+        $et->HandleTag($tagTablePtr, $tag, substr($$dataPt, $pos, $size),
+            DataPt  => $dataPt,
+            DataPos => $dataPos,
+            Start   => $pos,
+            Size    => $size
+        );
+        $pos += $next;
+    }
+    return 1;
+}    
+    
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Process VRD IHL EXIF data
+# Inputs: 0) ExifTool object ref, 1) dirInfo ref, 2) tag table ref
+# Returns: 1 on success
+sub ProcessIHLExif($$$)
+{
+    my ($et, $dirInfo, $tagTablePtr) = @_;
+    $$et{DOC_NUM} = 1;
+    # the IHL-edited maker notes may look messed up, but the offsets should be OK
+    my $oldFix = $et->Options(FixBase => 0);
+    my $rtnVal = $et->ProcessTIFF($dirInfo, $tagTablePtr);
+    $et->Options(FixBase => $oldFix);
+    delete $$et{DOC_NUM};
+    return $rtnVal;
+}
+
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Read/write Canon VRD file
+# Inputs: 0) ExifTool object reference, 1) dirInfo reference
+# Returns: 1 if this was a Canon VRD file, 0 otherwise, -1 on write error
+sub ProcessVRD($$)
+{
+    my ($et, $dirInfo) = @_;
+    my $raf = $$dirInfo{RAF};
+    my $buff;
+    my $num = $raf->Read($buff, 0x1c);
+
+    # initialize write directories if necessary
+    $et->InitWriteDirs(\%vrdMap, 'XMP') if $$dirInfo{OutFile};
+
+    if (not $num and $$dirInfo{OutFile}) {
+        # create new VRD file from scratch
+        my $newVal = $et->GetNewValues('CanonVRD');
+        if ($newVal) {
+            $et->VPrint(0, "  Writing CanonVRD as a block\n");
+            Write($$dirInfo{OutFile}, $newVal) or return -1;
+            ++$$et{CHANGED};
+        } else {
+            # allow VRD to be created from individual tags
+            if ($$et{ADD_DIRS}{CanonVRD}) {
+                my $newVal = '';
+                if (ProcessCanonVRD($et, { OutFile => \$newVal }) > 0) {
+                    Write($$dirInfo{OutFile}, $newVal) or return -1;
+                    ++$$et{CHANGED};
+                    return 1;
+                }
+            }
+            $et->Error('No CanonVRD information to write');
+        }
+    } else {
+        $num == 0x1c or return 0;
+        $buff =~ /^CANON OPTIONAL DATA\0/ or return 0;
+        $et->SetFileType();
+        $$dirInfo{DirName} = 'CanonVRD';    # set directory name for verbose output
+        my $result = ProcessCanonVRD($et, $dirInfo);
+        return $result if $result < 0;
+        $result or $et->Warn('Format error in VRD file');
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Write VRD data record as a block
+# Inputs: 0) ExifTool object ref, 1) dirInfo ref, 2) tag table ref
+# Returns: VRD data block (may be empty if no VRD data)
+# Notes: Increments ExifTool CHANGED flag if changed
+sub WriteCanonVRD($$;$)
+{
+    my ($et, $dirInfo, $tagTablePtr) = @_;
+    $et or return 1;    # allow dummy access
+    my $nvHash = $et->GetNewValueHash($Image::ExifTool::Extra{CanonVRD});
+    return undef unless $et->IsOverwriting($nvHash);
+    my $val = $et->GetNewValues($nvHash);
+    $val = '' unless defined $val;
+    ++$$et{CHANGED};
+    return $val;
+}
+
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Read/write CanonVRD information
+# Inputs: 0) ExifTool object reference, 1) dirInfo reference
+# Returns: 1 on success, 0 not valid VRD, or -1 error writing
+# - updates DataPos to point to start of CanonVRD information
+# - updates DirLen to trailer length
+sub ProcessCanonVRD($$;$)
+{
+    my ($et, $dirInfo, $tagTablePtr) = @_;
+    my $raf = $$dirInfo{RAF};
+    my $offset = $$dirInfo{Offset} || 0;
+    my $outfile = $$dirInfo{OutFile};
+    my $verbose = $et->Options('Verbose');
+    my $out = $et->Options('TextOut');
+    my ($buff, $footer, $header, $created, $err);
+    my ($blockLen, $blockType, $size, %didDir);
+
+    if (not $raf) {
+        my $vrdPt = $$dirInfo{DataPt};
+        unless ($vrdPt) {
+            return 1 unless $outfile;
+            # create blank VRD data from scratch
+            my $blank = "CANON OPTIONAL DATA\0\0\x01\0\0\0\0\0\0" .
+                        "CANON OPTIONAL DATA\0" . ("\0" x 42) . "\xff\xd9";
+            $vrdPt = \$blank;
+            $verbose and printf $out "  Creating CanonVRD trailer\n";
+            $created = 1;
+        }
+        $raf = new File::RandomAccess($vrdPt);
+    }
+    # read and validate the trailer footer
+    $raf->Seek(-64-$offset, 2)    or return 0;
+    $raf->Read($footer, 64) == 64 or return 0;
+    $footer =~ /^CANON OPTIONAL DATA\0(.{4})/s or return 0;
+    $size = unpack('N', $1);
+
+    # read and validate the header too
+    # (header is 0x1c bytes and footer is 0x40 bytes)
+    unless (($size & 0x80000000) == 0 and
+            $raf->Seek(-$size-0x5c, 1) and
+            $raf->Read($header, 0x1c) == 0x1c and
+            $header =~ /^CANON OPTIONAL DATA\0/ and
+            $raf->Read($buff, $size) == $size)
+    {
+        $et->Warn('Bad CanonVRD trailer');
+        return 0;
+    }
+    # extract CanonVRD block if copying tags, or if requested
+    if (($$et{TAGS_FROM_FILE} and not $$et{EXCL_TAG_LOOKUP}{canonvrd}) or
+        $$et{REQ_TAG_LOOKUP}{canonvrd})
+    {
+        $et->FoundTag('CanonVRD', $header . $buff . $footer);
+    }
+    # set variables returned in dirInfo hash
+    $$dirInfo{DataPos} = $raf->Tell() - $size - 0x1c;
+    $$dirInfo{DirLen} = $size + 0x5c;
+
+    if ($outfile) {
+        $verbose and not $created and printf $out "  Rewriting CanonVRD trailer\n";
+        # delete CanonVRD information if specified
+        if ($$et{DEL_GROUP}{CanonVRD} or $$et{DEL_GROUP}{Trailer} or
+            # also delete if writing as a block (will get added back again later)
+            $$et{NEW_VALUE}{$Image::ExifTool::Extra{CanonVRD}})
+        {
+            if ($$et{FILE_TYPE} eq 'VRD') {
+                my $newVal = $et->GetNewValues('CanonVRD');
+                if ($newVal) {
+                    $verbose and printf $out "  Writing CanonVRD as a block\n";
+                    Write($outfile, $newVal) or return -1;
+                    ++$$et{CHANGED};
+                } else {
+                    $et->Error("Can't delete all CanonVRD information from a VRD file");
+                }
+            } else {
+                $verbose and printf $out "  Deleting CanonVRD trailer\n";
+                ++$$et{CHANGED};
+            }
+            return 1;
+        }
+        # write now and return if CanonVRD was set as a block
+        my $val = $et->GetNewValues('CanonVRD');
+        if ($val) {
+            $verbose and print $out "  Writing CanonVRD as a block\n";
+            Write($outfile, $val) or return -1;
+            ++$$et{CHANGED};
+            return 1;
+        }
+    } elsif ($verbose or $$et{HTML_DUMP}) {
+        $et->DumpTrailer($dirInfo) if $$dirInfo{RAF};
+    }
+
+    $tagTablePtr = GetTagTable('Image::ExifTool::CanonVRD::Main');
+
+    # validate VRD trailer and get position and length of edit record
+    SetByteOrder('MM');
+    my $pos = 0;
+    my $vrdPos = $$dirInfo{DataPos} + length($header);
+    my $dataPt = \$buff;
+
+    # loop through the VRD blocks
+    for (;;) {
+        if ($pos + 8 > $size) {
+            last if $pos == $size;
+            $blockLen = $size;  # mark as invalid
+        } else {
+            $blockType = Get32u($dataPt, $pos);
+            $blockLen = Get32u($dataPt, $pos + 4);
+        }
+        $pos += 8;          # move to start of block
+        if ($pos + $blockLen > $size) {
+            $et->Warn('Possibly corrupt CanonVRD block');
+            last;
+        }
+        if ($verbose > 1 and not $outfile) {
+            printf $out "  CanonVRD block 0x%.8x ($blockLen bytes at offset 0x%x)\n",
+                $blockType, $pos + $vrdPos;
+            if ($verbose > 2) {
+                my %parms = (
+                    Start  => $pos,
+                    Addr   => $pos + $vrdPos,
+                    Out    => $out,
+                    Prefix => $$et{INDENT},
+                );
+                $parms{MaxLen} = $verbose == 3 ? 96 : 2048 if $verbose < 5;
+                Image::ExifTool::HexDump($dataPt, $blockLen, %parms);
+            }
+        }
+        my $tagInfo = $$tagTablePtr{$blockType};
+        unless ($tagInfo) {
+            unless ($et->Options('Unknown')) {
+                $pos += $blockLen;  # step to next block
+                next;
+            }
+            my $name = sprintf('CanonVRD_0x%.8x', $blockType);
+            my $desc = $name;
+            $desc =~ tr/_/ /;
+            $tagInfo = {
+                Name        => $name,
+                Description => $desc,
+                Binary      => 1,
+            };
+            AddTagToTable($tagTablePtr, $blockType, $tagInfo);
+        }
+        if ($$tagInfo{SubDirectory}) {
+            my $subTablePtr = GetTagTable($$tagInfo{SubDirectory}{TagTable});
+            my %subdirInfo = (
+                DataPt   => $dataPt,
+                DataLen  => length $$dataPt,
+                DataPos  => $vrdPos,
+                DirStart => $pos,
+                DirLen   => $blockLen,
+                DirName  => $$tagInfo{Name},
+                Parent   => 'CanonVRD',
+                OutFile  => $outfile,
+            );
+            if ($outfile) {
+                # set flag indicating we did this directory
+                $didDir{$$tagInfo{Name}} = 1;
+                my $dat;
+                if ($$et{NEW_VALUE}{$tagInfo}) {
+                    # write as a block
+                    $et->VPrint(0, "Writing $$tagInfo{Name} as a block\n");
+                    $dat = $et->GetNewValues($tagInfo);
+                    $dat = '' unless defined $dat;
+                    ++$$et{CHANGED};
+                } else {
+                    $dat = $et->WriteDirectory(\%subdirInfo, $subTablePtr);
+                }
+                # update data with new directory
+                if (defined $dat) {
+                    my $buf2;
+                    if (length $dat or $$et{FILE_TYPE} !~ /^(CRW|VRD)$/) {
+                        # replace with new block (updating the block length word)
+                        $buf2 = substr($$dataPt, 0, $pos - 4) . Set32u(length $dat) . $dat;
+                    } else {
+                        # remove block totally (CRW/VRD files only)
+                        $buf2 = substr($$dataPt, 0, $pos - 8);
+                    }
+                    my $oldBlockEnd = $pos + $blockLen;
+                    $pos = length $$dataPt; # set to start of next block
+                    $buf2 .= substr($$dataPt, $oldBlockEnd);
+                    undef $$dataPt;         # free the memory
+                    $dataPt = \$buf2;
+                    # update the new VRD length in the header/footer
+                    Set32u(length($buf2), \$header, 0x18);
+                    Set32u(length($buf2), \$footer, 0x14);
+                    next;
+                }
+            } else {
+                # extract as a block if requested
+                $et->ProcessDirectory(\%subdirInfo, $subTablePtr);
+            }
+        } else {
+            $et->HandleTag($tagTablePtr, $blockType, substr($$dataPt, $pos, $blockLen));
+        }
+        $pos += $blockLen;  # step to next block
+    }
+    if ($outfile) {
+        # create XMP block if necessary (CRW/VRD files only)
+        if ($$et{ADD_DIRS}{CanonVRD} and not $didDir{XMP}) {
+            my $subTablePtr = GetTagTable('Image::ExifTool::XMP::Main');
+            my $dat = $et->WriteDirectory({ Parent => 'CanonVRD' }, $subTablePtr);
+            if ($dat) {
+                $$dataPt .= Set32u(0xffff00f6) . Set32u(length $dat) . $dat;
+                # update the new VRD length in the header/footer
+                Set32u(length($$dataPt), \$header, 0x18);
+                Set32u(length($$dataPt), \$footer, 0x14);
+            }
+        }
+        # write CanonVRD trailer unless it is empty
+        if (length $$dataPt) {
+            Write($outfile, $header, $$dataPt, $footer) or $err = 1;
+        } else {
+            $verbose and printf $out "  Deleting CanonVRD trailer\n";
+        }
+    }
+    undef $$dataPt;
+    return $err ? -1 : 1;
+}
+
+1;  # end
+
+__END__
+
+=head1 NAME
+
+Image::ExifTool::CanonVRD - Read/write Canon VRD information
+
+=head1 SYNOPSIS
+
+This module is used by Image::ExifTool
+
+=head1 DESCRIPTION
+
+This module contains definitions required by Image::ExifTool to read and
+write VRD Recipe Data information as written by the Canon Digital Photo
+Professional software.  This information is written to VRD files, and as a
+trailer in JPEG, CRW, CR2 and TIFF images.
+
+=head1 AUTHOR
+
+Copyright 2003-2014, Phil Harvey (phil at owl.phy.queensu.ca)
+
+This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+under the same terms as Perl itself.
+
+=head1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
+
+Thanks to Bogdan and Gert Kello for decoding some tags.
+
+=head1 SEE ALSO
+
+L<Image::ExifTool::TagNames/CanonVRD Tags>,
+L<Image::ExifTool(3pm)|Image::ExifTool>
+
+=cut
+