qiskit 2.1.0rc1__cp39-abi3-manylinux2014_aarch64.manylinux_2_17_aarch64.whl

qiskit/circuit/library/standard_gates/rx.py

@@ -0,0 +1,269 @@
+# This code is part of Qiskit.
+#
+# (C) Copyright IBM 2017.
+#
+# This code is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. You may
+# obtain a copy of this license in the LICENSE.txt file in the root directory
+# of this source tree or at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.
+#
+# Any modifications or derivative works of this code must retain this
+# copyright notice, and modified files need to carry a notice indicating
+# that they have been altered from the originals.
+
+"""Rotation around the X axis."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import math
+from typing import Optional, Union
+import numpy
+
+from qiskit.circuit.controlledgate import ControlledGate
+from qiskit.circuit.gate import Gate
+from qiskit.circuit.parameterexpression import ParameterValueType
+from qiskit._accelerate.circuit import StandardGate
+
+
+class RXGate(Gate):
+    r"""Single-qubit rotation about the X axis.
+
+    Can be applied to a :class:`~qiskit.circuit.QuantumCircuit`
+    with the :meth:`~qiskit.circuit.QuantumCircuit.rx` method.
+
+    **Circuit symbol:**
+
+    .. code-block:: text
+
+             ┌───────┐
+        q_0: ┤ Rx(ϴ) ├
+             └───────┘
+
+    **Matrix Representation:**
+
+    .. math::
+
+        \newcommand{\rotationangle}{\frac{\theta}{2}}
+
+        RX(\theta) = \exp\left(-i \rotationangle X\right) =
+            \begin{pmatrix}
+                \cos\left(\rotationangle\right)   & -i\sin\left(\rotationangle\right) \\
+                -i\sin\left(\rotationangle\right) & \cos\left(\rotationangle\right)
+            \end{pmatrix}
+    """
+
+    _standard_gate = StandardGate.RX
+
+    def __init__(self, theta: ParameterValueType, label: Optional[str] = None):
+        """Create new RX gate."""
+        super().__init__("rx", 1, [theta], label=label)
+
+    def _define(self):
+        """Default definition"""
+        # pylint: disable=cyclic-import
+        from qiskit.circuit import QuantumCircuit
+
+        #    ┌────────┐
+        # q: ┤ R(θ,0) ├
+        #    └────────┘
+
+        self.definition = QuantumCircuit._from_circuit_data(
+            StandardGate.RX._get_definition(self.params), add_regs=True, name=self.name
+        )
+
+    def control(
+        self,
+        num_ctrl_qubits: int = 1,
+        label: str | None = None,
+        ctrl_state: str | int | None = None,
+        annotated: bool | None = None,
+    ):
+        """Return a (multi-)controlled-RX gate.
+
+        Args:
+            num_ctrl_qubits: number of control qubits.
+            label: An optional label for the gate [Default: ``None``]
+            ctrl_state: control state expressed as integer,
+                string (e.g.``'110'``), or ``None``. If ``None``, use all 1s.
+            annotated: indicates whether the controlled gate should be implemented
+                as an annotated gate. If ``None``, this is set to ``True`` if
+                the gate contains free parameters and more than one control qubit, in which
+                case it cannot yet be synthesized. Otherwise it is set to ``False``.
+
+        Returns:
+            ControlledGate: controlled version of this gate.
+        """
+        # deliberately capture annotated in [None, False] here
+        if not annotated and num_ctrl_qubits == 1:
+            gate = CRXGate(self.params[0], label=label, ctrl_state=ctrl_state)
+            gate.base_gate.label = self.label
+        else:
+            gate = super().control(
+                num_ctrl_qubits=num_ctrl_qubits,
+                label=label,
+                ctrl_state=ctrl_state,
+                annotated=annotated,
+            )
+        return gate
+
+    def inverse(self, annotated: bool = False):
+        r"""Return inverted RX gate.
+
+        :math:`RX(\lambda)^{\dagger} = RX(-\lambda)`
+
+        Args:
+            annotated: when set to ``True``, this is typically used to return an
+                :class:`.AnnotatedOperation` with an inverse modifier set instead of a concrete
+                :class:`.Gate`. However, for this class this argument is ignored as the inverse
+                of this gate is always a :class:`.RXGate` with an inverted parameter value.
+
+        Returns:
+            RXGate: inverse gate.
+        """
+        return RXGate(-self.params[0])
+
+    def __array__(self, dtype=None, copy=None):
+        """Return a numpy.array for the RX gate."""
+        if copy is False:
+            raise ValueError("unable to avoid copy while creating an array as requested")
+        cos = math.cos(self.params[0] / 2)
+        sin = math.sin(self.params[0] / 2)
+        return numpy.array([[cos, -1j * sin], [-1j * sin, cos]], dtype=dtype)
+
+    def power(self, exponent: float, annotated: bool = False):
+        (theta,) = self.params
+        return RXGate(exponent * theta)
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        if isinstance(other, RXGate):
+            return self._compare_parameters(other)
+        return False
+
+
+class CRXGate(ControlledGate):
+    r"""Controlled-RX gate.
+
+    Can be applied to a :class:`~qiskit.circuit.QuantumCircuit`
+    with the :meth:`~qiskit.circuit.QuantumCircuit.crx` method.
+
+    **Circuit symbol:**
+
+    .. code-block:: text
+
+        q_0: ────■────
+             ┌───┴───┐
+        q_1: ┤ Rx(ϴ) ├
+             └───────┘
+
+    **Matrix representation:**
+
+    .. math::
+
+        \newcommand{\rotationangle}{\frac{\theta}{2}}
+
+        CRX(\theta)\ q_0, q_1 =
+            I \otimes |0\rangle\langle 0| + RX(\theta) \otimes |1\rangle\langle 1| =
+            \begin{pmatrix}
+                1 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\
+                0 & \cos\left(\rotationangle\right) & 0 & -i\sin\left(\rotationangle\right) \\
+                0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \\
+                0 & -i\sin\left(\rotationangle\right) & 0 & \cos\left(\rotationangle\right)
+            \end{pmatrix}
+
+    .. note::
+
+        In Qiskit's convention, higher qubit indices are more significant
+        (little endian convention). In many textbooks, controlled gates are
+        presented with the assumption of more significant qubits as control,
+        which in our case would be q_1. Thus a textbook matrix for this
+        gate will be:
+
+        .. code-block:: text
+
+                 ┌───────┐
+            q_0: ┤ Rx(ϴ) ├
+                 └───┬───┘
+            q_1: ────■────
+
+        .. math::
+
+            \newcommand{\rotationangle}{\frac{\theta}{2}}
+
+            CRX(\theta)\ q_1, q_0 =
+            |0\rangle\langle0| \otimes I + |1\rangle\langle1| \otimes RX(\theta) =
+                \begin{pmatrix}
+                    1 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\
+                    0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\
+                    0 & 0 & \cos\left(\rotationangle\right)   & -i\sin\left(\rotationangle\right) \\
+                    0 & 0 & -i\sin\left(\rotationangle\right) & \cos\left(\rotationangle\right)
+                \end{pmatrix}
+    """
+
+    _standard_gate = StandardGate.CRX
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        theta: ParameterValueType,
+        label: Optional[str] = None,
+        ctrl_state: Optional[Union[str, int]] = None,
+        *,
+        _base_label=None,
+    ):
+        """Create new CRX gate."""
+        super().__init__(
+            "crx",
+            2,
+            [theta],
+            num_ctrl_qubits=1,
+            label=label,
+            ctrl_state=ctrl_state,
+            base_gate=RXGate(theta, label=_base_label),
+        )
+
+    def _define(self):
+        """Default definition"""
+        # pylint: disable=cyclic-import
+        from qiskit.circuit import QuantumCircuit
+
+        # q_0: ───────■────────────────────■──────────────────────
+        #      ┌───┐┌─┴─┐┌──────────────┐┌─┴─┐┌───────────┐┌─────┐
+        # q_1: ┤ S ├┤ X ├┤ Ry((-0.5)*θ) ├┤ X ├┤ Ry(0.5*θ) ├┤ Sdg ├
+        #      └───┘└───┘└──────────────┘└───┘└───────────┘└─────┘
+
+        self.definition = QuantumCircuit._from_circuit_data(
+            StandardGate.CRX._get_definition(self.params), add_regs=True, name=self.name
+        )
+
+    def inverse(self, annotated: bool = False):
+        """Return inverse CRX gate (i.e. with the negative rotation angle).
+
+        Args:
+            annotated: when set to ``True``, this is typically used to return an
+                :class:`.AnnotatedOperation` with an inverse modifier set instead of a concrete
+                :class:`.Gate`. However, for this class this argument is ignored as the inverse
+                of this gate is always a :class:`.CRXGate` with an inverted parameter value.
+
+        Returns:
+            CRXGate: inverse gate.
+        """
+        return CRXGate(-self.params[0], ctrl_state=self.ctrl_state)
+
+    def __array__(self, dtype=None, copy=None):
+        """Return a numpy.array for the CRX gate."""
+        if copy is False:
+            raise ValueError("unable to avoid copy while creating an array as requested")
+        half_theta = float(self.params[0]) / 2
+        cos = math.cos(half_theta)
+        isin = 1j * math.sin(half_theta)
+        if self.ctrl_state:
+            return numpy.array(
+                [[1, 0, 0, 0], [0, cos, 0, -isin], [0, 0, 1, 0], [0, -isin, 0, cos]], dtype=dtype
+            )
+        else:
+            return numpy.array(
+                [[cos, 0, -isin, 0], [0, 1, 0, 0], [-isin, 0, cos, 0], [0, 0, 0, 1]], dtype=dtype
+            )
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        if isinstance(other, CRXGate):
+            return self._compare_parameters(other) and self.ctrl_state == other.ctrl_state
+        return False

qiskit/circuit/library/standard_gates/rxx.py

@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+# This code is part of Qiskit.
+#
+# (C) Copyright IBM 2017, 2019.
+#
+# This code is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. You may
+# obtain a copy of this license in the LICENSE.txt file in the root directory
+# of this source tree or at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.
+#
+# Any modifications or derivative works of this code must retain this
+# copyright notice, and modified files need to carry a notice indicating
+# that they have been altered from the originals.
+
+"""Two-qubit XX-rotation gate."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import math
+from typing import Optional
+import numpy
+from qiskit.circuit.gate import Gate
+from qiskit.circuit.parameterexpression import ParameterValueType, ParameterExpression
+from qiskit._accelerate.circuit import StandardGate
+
+
+class RXXGate(Gate):
+    r"""A parametric 2-qubit :math:`X \otimes X` interaction (rotation about XX).
+
+    This gate is symmetric, and is maximally entangling at :math:`\theta = \pi/2`.
+
+    Can be applied to a :class:`~qiskit.circuit.QuantumCircuit`
+    with the :meth:`~qiskit.circuit.QuantumCircuit.rxx` method.
+
+    **Circuit Symbol:**
+
+    .. code-block:: text
+
+             ┌─────────┐
+        q_0: ┤1        ├
+             │  Rxx(ϴ) │
+        q_1: ┤0        ├
+             └─────────┘
+
+    **Matrix Representation:**
+
+    .. math::
+
+        \newcommand{\rotationangle}{\frac{\theta}{2}}
+
+        R_{XX}(\theta) = \exp\left(-i \rotationangle X{\otimes}X\right) =
+            \begin{pmatrix}
+                \cos\left(\rotationangle\right) & 0 & 0 & -i\sin\left(\rotationangle\right) \\
+                0 & \cos\left(\rotationangle\right) & -i\sin\left(\rotationangle\right) & 0 \\
+                0 & -i\sin\left(\rotationangle\right) & \cos\left(\rotationangle\right) & 0 \\
+                -i\sin\left(\rotationangle\right) & 0 & 0 & \cos\left(\rotationangle\right)
+            \end{pmatrix}
+
+    **Examples:**
+
+        .. math::
+
+            R_{XX}(\theta = 0) = I
+
+        .. math::
+
+            R_{XX}(\theta = \pi) = -i X \otimes X
+
+        .. math::
+
+            R_{XX}\left(\theta = \frac{\pi}{2}\right) = \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}
+                                    \begin{pmatrix}
+                                        1  & 0  & 0  & -i \\
+                                        0  & 1  & -i & 0 \\
+                                        0  & -i & 1  & 0 \\
+                                        -i & 0  & 0  & 1
+                                    \end{pmatrix}
+    """
+
+    _standard_gate = StandardGate.RXX
+
+    def __init__(self, theta: ParameterValueType, label: Optional[str] = None):
+        """Create new RXX gate."""
+        super().__init__("rxx", 2, [theta], label=label)
+
+    def _define(self):
+        """Default definition"""
+        # pylint: disable=cyclic-import
+        from qiskit.circuit import QuantumCircuit
+
+        #      ┌───┐                   ┌───┐
+        # q_0: ┤ H ├──■─────────────■──┤ H ├
+        #      ├───┤┌─┴─┐┌───────┐┌─┴─┐├───┤
+        # q_1: ┤ H ├┤ X ├┤ Rz(0) ├┤ X ├┤ H ├
+        #      └───┘└───┘└───────┘└───┘└───┘
+
+        self.definition = QuantumCircuit._from_circuit_data(
+            StandardGate.RXX._get_definition(self.params), add_regs=True, name=self.name
+        )
+
+    def control(
+        self,
+        num_ctrl_qubits: int = 1,
+        label: str | None = None,
+        ctrl_state: str | int | None = None,
+        annotated: bool | None = None,
+    ):
+        """Return a (multi-)controlled-RXX gate.
+
+        Args:
+            num_ctrl_qubits: number of control qubits.
+            label: An optional label for the gate [Default: ``None``]
+            ctrl_state: control state expressed as integer,
+                string (e.g.``'110'``), or ``None``. If ``None``, use all 1s.
+            annotated: indicates whether the controlled gate should be implemented
+                as an annotated gate. If ``None``, this is set to ``True`` if
+                the gate contains free parameters, in which case it cannot
+                yet be synthesized.
+
+        Returns:
+            ControlledGate: controlled version of this gate.
+        """
+        if annotated is None:
+            annotated = any(isinstance(p, ParameterExpression) for p in self.params)
+
+        gate = super().control(
+            num_ctrl_qubits=num_ctrl_qubits,
+            label=label,
+            ctrl_state=ctrl_state,
+            annotated=annotated,
+        )
+        return gate
+
+    def inverse(self, annotated: bool = False):
+        """Return inverse RXX gate (i.e. with the negative rotation angle).
+
+        Args:
+            annotated: when set to ``True``, this is typically used to return an
+                :class:`.AnnotatedOperation` with an inverse modifier set instead of a concrete
+                :class:`.Gate`. However, for this class this argument is ignored as the inverse
+                of this gate is always a :class:`.RXXGate` with an inverted parameter value.
+
+        Returns:
+            RXXGate: inverse gate.
+        """
+        return RXXGate(-self.params[0])
+
+    def __array__(self, dtype=None, copy=None):
+        """Return a Numpy.array for the RXX gate."""
+        if copy is False:
+            raise ValueError("unable to avoid copy while creating an array as requested")
+        theta2 = float(self.params[0]) / 2
+        cos = math.cos(theta2)
+        isin = 1j * math.sin(theta2)
+        return numpy.array(
+            [[cos, 0, 0, -isin], [0, cos, -isin, 0], [0, -isin, cos, 0], [-isin, 0, 0, cos]],
+            dtype=dtype,
+        )
+
+    def power(self, exponent: float, annotated: bool = False):
+        (theta,) = self.params
+        return RXXGate(exponent * theta)
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        if isinstance(other, RXXGate):
+            return self._compare_parameters(other)
+        return False

qiskit/circuit/library/standard_gates/ry.py

@@ -0,0 +1,268 @@
+# This code is part of Qiskit.
+#
+# (C) Copyright IBM 2017.
+#
+# This code is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. You may
+# obtain a copy of this license in the LICENSE.txt file in the root directory
+# of this source tree or at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.
+#
+# Any modifications or derivative works of this code must retain this
+# copyright notice, and modified files need to carry a notice indicating
+# that they have been altered from the originals.
+
+"""Rotation around the Y axis."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import math
+from typing import Optional, Union
+import numpy
+from qiskit.circuit.controlledgate import ControlledGate
+from qiskit.circuit.gate import Gate
+from qiskit.circuit.parameterexpression import ParameterValueType
+from qiskit._accelerate.circuit import StandardGate
+
+
+class RYGate(Gate):
+    r"""Single-qubit rotation about the Y axis.
+
+    Can be applied to a :class:`~qiskit.circuit.QuantumCircuit`
+    with the :meth:`~qiskit.circuit.QuantumCircuit.ry` method.
+
+    **Circuit symbol:**
+
+    .. code-block:: text
+
+             ┌───────┐
+        q_0: ┤ Ry(ϴ) ├
+             └───────┘
+
+    **Matrix Representation:**
+
+    .. math::
+
+        \newcommand{\rotationangle}{\frac{\theta}{2}}
+
+        RY(\theta) = \exp\left(-i \rotationangle Y\right) =
+            \begin{pmatrix}
+                \cos\left(\rotationangle\right) & -\sin\left(\rotationangle\right) \\
+                \sin\left(\rotationangle\right) & \cos\left(\rotationangle\right)
+            \end{pmatrix}
+    """
+
+    _standard_gate = StandardGate.RY
+
+    def __init__(self, theta: ParameterValueType, label: Optional[str] = None):
+        """Create new RY gate."""
+        super().__init__("ry", 1, [theta], label=label)
+
+    def _define(self):
+        """Default definition"""
+        # pylint: disable=cyclic-import
+        from qiskit.circuit import QuantumCircuit
+
+        #    ┌──────────┐
+        # q: ┤ R(θ,π/2) ├
+        #    └──────────┘
+
+        self.definition = QuantumCircuit._from_circuit_data(
+            StandardGate.RY._get_definition(self.params), add_regs=True, name=self.name
+        )
+
+    def control(
+        self,
+        num_ctrl_qubits: int = 1,
+        label: str | None = None,
+        ctrl_state: str | int | None = None,
+        annotated: bool | None = None,
+    ):
+        """Return a (multi-)controlled-RY gate.
+
+        Args:
+            num_ctrl_qubits: number of control qubits.
+            label: An optional label for the gate [Default: ``None``]
+            ctrl_state: control state expressed as integer,
+                string (e.g.``'110'``), or ``None``. If ``None``, use all 1s.
+            annotated: indicates whether the controlled gate should be implemented
+                as an annotated gate. If ``None``, this is set to ``True`` if
+                the gate contains free parameters and more than one control qubit, in which
+                case it cannot yet be synthesized. Otherwise it is set to ``False``.
+
+        Returns:
+            ControlledGate: controlled version of this gate.
+        """
+        # deliberately capture annotated in [None, False] here
+        if not annotated and num_ctrl_qubits == 1:
+            gate = CRYGate(self.params[0], label=label, ctrl_state=ctrl_state)
+            gate.base_gate.label = self.label
+        else:
+            gate = super().control(
+                num_ctrl_qubits=num_ctrl_qubits,
+                label=label,
+                ctrl_state=ctrl_state,
+                annotated=annotated,
+            )
+        return gate
+
+    def inverse(self, annotated: bool = False):
+        r"""Return inverse RY gate.
+
+        :math:`RY(\lambda)^{\dagger} = RY(-\lambda)`
+
+        Args:
+            annotated: when set to ``True``, this is typically used to return an
+                :class:`.AnnotatedOperation` with an inverse modifier set instead of a concrete
+                :class:`.Gate`. However, for this class this argument is ignored as the inverse
+                of this gate is always a :class:`.RYGate` with an inverted parameter value.
+
+        Returns:
+            RYGate: inverse gate.
+        """
+        return RYGate(-self.params[0])
+
+    def __array__(self, dtype=None, copy=None):
+        """Return a numpy.array for the RY gate."""
+        if copy is False:
+            raise ValueError("unable to avoid copy while creating an array as requested")
+        cos = math.cos(self.params[0] / 2)
+        sin = math.sin(self.params[0] / 2)
+        return numpy.array([[cos, -sin], [sin, cos]], dtype=dtype)
+
+    def power(self, exponent: float, annotated: bool = False):
+        (theta,) = self.params
+        return RYGate(exponent * theta)
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        if isinstance(other, RYGate):
+            return self._compare_parameters(other)
+        return False
+
+
+class CRYGate(ControlledGate):
+    r"""Controlled-RY gate.
+
+    Can be applied to a :class:`~qiskit.circuit.QuantumCircuit`
+    with the :meth:`~qiskit.circuit.QuantumCircuit.cry` method.
+
+    **Circuit symbol:**
+
+    .. code-block:: text
+
+        q_0: ────■────
+             ┌───┴───┐
+        q_1: ┤ Ry(ϴ) ├
+             └───────┘
+
+    **Matrix representation:**
+
+    .. math::
+
+        \newcommand{\rotationangle}{\frac{\theta}{2}}
+
+        CRY(\theta)\ q_0, q_1 =
+            I \otimes |0\rangle\langle 0| + RY(\theta) \otimes |1\rangle\langle 1| =
+            \begin{pmatrix}
+                1 & 0         & 0 & 0 \\
+                0 & \cos\left(\rotationangle\right) & 0 & -\sin\left(\rotationangle\right) \\
+                0 & 0         & 1 & 0 \\
+                0 & \sin\left(\rotationangle\right) & 0 & \cos\left(\rotationangle\right)
+            \end{pmatrix}
+
+    .. note::
+
+        In Qiskit's convention, higher qubit indices are more significant
+        (little endian convention). In many textbooks, controlled gates are
+        presented with the assumption of more significant qubits as control,
+        which in our case would be q_1. Thus a textbook matrix for this
+        gate will be:
+
+        .. code-block:: text
+
+                 ┌───────┐
+            q_0: ┤ Ry(ϴ) ├
+                 └───┬───┘
+            q_1: ────■────
+
+        .. math::
+
+            \newcommand{\rotationangle}{\frac{\theta}{2}}
+
+            CRY(\theta)\ q_1, q_0 =
+            |0\rangle\langle 0| \otimes I + |1\rangle\langle 1| \otimes RY(\theta) =
+                \begin{pmatrix}
+                    1 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\
+                    0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\
+                    0 & 0 & \cos\left(\rotationangle\right) & -\sin\left(\rotationangle\right) \\
+                    0 & 0 & \sin\left(\rotationangle\right) & \cos\left(\rotationangle\right)
+                \end{pmatrix}
+    """
+
+    _standard_gate = StandardGate.CRY
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        theta: ParameterValueType,
+        label: Optional[str] = None,
+        ctrl_state: Optional[Union[str, int]] = None,
+        *,
+        _base_label=None,
+    ):
+        """Create new CRY gate."""
+        super().__init__(
+            "cry",
+            2,
+            [theta],
+            num_ctrl_qubits=1,
+            label=label,
+            ctrl_state=ctrl_state,
+            base_gate=RYGate(theta, label=_base_label),
+        )
+
+    def _define(self):
+        """Default definition"""
+        # pylint: disable=cyclic-import
+        from qiskit.circuit import QuantumCircuit
+
+        # q_0: ─────────────■────────────────■──
+        #      ┌─────────┐┌─┴─┐┌──────────┐┌─┴─┐
+        # q_1: ┤ Ry(θ/2) ├┤ X ├┤ Ry(-θ/2) ├┤ X ├
+        #      └─────────┘└───┘└──────────┘└───┘
+
+        self.definition = QuantumCircuit._from_circuit_data(
+            StandardGate.CRY._get_definition(self.params), add_regs=True, name=self.name
+        )
+
+    def inverse(self, annotated: bool = False):
+        """Return inverse CRY gate (i.e. with the negative rotation angle)
+
+        Args:
+            annotated: when set to ``True``, this is typically used to return an
+                :class:`.AnnotatedOperation` with an inverse modifier set instead of a concrete
+                :class:`.Gate`. However, for this class this argument is ignored as the inverse
+                of this gate is always a :class:`.CRYGate` with an inverted parameter value.
+
+        Returns:
+            CRYGate: inverse gate.
+        ."""
+        return CRYGate(-self.params[0], ctrl_state=self.ctrl_state)
+
+    def __array__(self, dtype=None, copy=None):
+        """Return a numpy.array for the CRY gate."""
+        if copy is False:
+            raise ValueError("unable to avoid copy while creating an array as requested")
+        half_theta = float(self.params[0]) / 2
+        cos = math.cos(half_theta)
+        sin = math.sin(half_theta)
+        if self.ctrl_state:
+            return numpy.array(
+                [[1, 0, 0, 0], [0, cos, 0, -sin], [0, 0, 1, 0], [0, sin, 0, cos]], dtype=dtype
+            )
+        else:
+            return numpy.array(
+                [[cos, 0, -sin, 0], [0, 1, 0, 0], [sin, 0, cos, 0], [0, 0, 0, 1]], dtype=dtype
+            )
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        if isinstance(other, CRYGate):
+            return self._compare_parameters(other) and self.ctrl_state == other.ctrl_state
+        return False