passagemath-categories 10.6.32__cp314-cp314t-musllinux_1_2_aarch64.whl

sage/categories/integral_domains.py

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+# sage_setup: distribution = sagemath-categories
+r"""
+Integral domains
+
+TEST:
+
+A few tests for the method ``is_integrally_closed``::
+
+    sage: ZZ.is_integrally_closed()
+    True
+    sage: QQ.is_integrally_closed()
+    True
+    sage: QQbar.is_integrally_closed()                                          # needs sage.rings.number_field
+    True
+    sage: GF(5).is_integrally_closed()
+    True
+    sage: Z5 = Integers(5); Z5
+    Ring of integers modulo 5
+    sage: Z5.is_integrally_closed()
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+    ...
+    NotImplementedError
+
+Note that this raises a :exc:`NotImplementedError` if the answer is not known.
+"""
+# ****************************************************************************
+#  Copyright (C) 2008 Teresa Gomez-Diaz (CNRS) <Teresa.Gomez-Diaz@univ-mlv.fr>
+#                2012 Nicolas M. Thiery <nthiery at users.sf.net>
+#
+#  Distributed under the terms of the GNU General Public License (GPL)
+#                  https://www.gnu.org/licenses/
+# *****************************************************************************
+
+from sage.misc.lazy_import import lazy_import
+from sage.misc.lazy_attribute import lazy_class_attribute
+from sage.categories.category_with_axiom import CategoryWithAxiom
+from sage.categories.category_singleton import Category_contains_method_by_parent_class
+from sage.categories.domains import Domains
+lazy_import('sage.categories.fields', 'Fields')
+
+
+class IntegralDomains(CategoryWithAxiom):
+    """
+    The category of integral domains.
+
+    An integral domain is commutative ring with no zero divisors, or
+    equivalently a commutative domain.
+
+    EXAMPLES::
+
+        sage: C = IntegralDomains(); C
+        Category of integral domains
+        sage: sorted(C.super_categories(), key=str)
+        [Category of commutative rings, Category of domains]
+        sage: C is Domains().Commutative()
+        True
+        sage: C is Rings().Commutative().NoZeroDivisors()
+        True
+
+    TESTS::
+
+        sage: TestSuite(C).run()
+    """
+    _base_category_class_and_axiom = (Domains, "Commutative")
+
+    def __contains__(self, x):
+        """
+        EXAMPLES::
+
+            sage: GF(4, "a") in IntegralDomains()                                       # needs sage.rings.finite_rings
+            True
+            sage: QQ in IntegralDomains()
+            True
+            sage: ZZ in IntegralDomains()
+            True
+            sage: IntegerModRing(4) in IntegralDomains()
+            False
+            sage: IntegerModRing(5) in IntegralDomains()
+            True
+
+        This implementation will not be needed anymore once every
+        field in Sage will be properly declared in the category
+        :class:`IntegralDomains() <IntegralDomains>`.
+        """
+        try:
+            return self._contains_helper(x) or x.is_integral_domain()
+        except Exception:
+            return False
+
+    @lazy_class_attribute
+    def _contains_helper(cls):
+        """
+        Helper for containment tests in the category of integral domains.
+
+        This helper just tests whether the given object's category
+        is already known to be a sub-category of the category of
+        integral domains. There are, however, rings that are initialised
+        as plain commutative rings and found out to be integral domains
+        only afterwards. Hence, this helper alone is not enough
+        for a proper containment test.
+
+        TESTS::
+
+            sage: R = Zmod(7)
+            sage: R.category()
+            Join of Category of finite commutative rings
+             and Category of subquotients of monoids
+             and Category of quotients of semigroups
+             and Category of finite enumerated sets
+            sage: ID = IntegralDomains()
+            sage: ID._contains_helper(R)
+            False
+            sage: R in ID  # This changes the category!
+            True
+            sage: ID._contains_helper(R)
+            True
+        """
+        return Category_contains_method_by_parent_class(cls())
+
+    class ParentMethods:
+        def is_integral_domain(self, proof=True):
+            r"""
+            Return ``True``, since this in an object of the category
+            of integral domains.
+
+            EXAMPLES::
+
+                sage: ZZ.is_integral_domain()
+                True
+                sage: QQ.is_integral_domain()
+                True
+                sage: Parent(QQ, category=IntegralDomains()).is_integral_domain()
+                True
+
+                sage: L.<z> = LazyLaurentSeriesRing(QQ)                                 # needs sage.combinat
+                sage: L.is_integral_domain()                                            # needs sage.combinat
+                True
+                sage: L.is_integral_domain(proof=True)                                  # needs sage.combinat
+                True
+
+                sage: ZZ['x'].is_integral_domain()
+                True
+            """
+            return True
+
+        def is_field(self, proof=True):
+            r"""
+            Return ``True`` if this ring is a field.
+
+            EXAMPLES::
+
+                sage: ZZ['x'].is_field()
+                False
+            """
+            if self.is_finite():
+                return True
+            if proof:
+                raise NotImplementedError(f"unable to determine whether or not {self} is a field.")
+            return False
+
+        def localization(self, additional_units, names=None, normalize=True, category=None):
+            """
+            Return the localization of ``self`` at the given additional units.
+
+            EXAMPLES::
+
+                sage: R.<x, y> = GF(3)[]
+                sage: R.localization((x*y, x**2 + y**2))                                    # needs sage.rings.finite_rings
+                Multivariate Polynomial Ring in x, y over Finite Field of size 3
+                 localized at (y, x, x^2 + y^2)
+                sage: ~y in _                                                               # needs sage.rings.finite_rings
+                True
+            """
+            from sage.rings.localization import Localization
+            return Localization(self, additional_units, names=names, normalize=normalize, category=category)
+
+        def _test_fraction_field(self, **options):
+            r"""
+            Test that the fraction field, if it is implemented, works
+            correctly.
+
+            EXAMPLES::
+
+                sage: ZZ._test_fraction_field()
+            """
+            tester = self._tester(**options)
+            try:
+                fraction_field = self.fraction_field()
+            except (AttributeError, ImportError):
+                # some integral domains do not implement fraction_field() yet
+                if self in Fields():
+                    raise
+                return
+
+            for x in tester.some_elements():
+                # check that we can coerce into the fraction field
+                fraction_field.coerce(x)
+                # and convert back from it
+                z = self(x)
+                tester.assertEqual(x, z)
+
+    class ElementMethods:
+        pass

sage/categories/j_trivial_semigroups.py

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+# sage_setup: distribution = sagemath-categories
+r"""
+J-trivial semigroups
+"""
+#*****************************************************************************
+#  Copyright (C) 2016 Nicolas M. Thiéry <nthiery at users.sf.net>
+#
+# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 2 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#                  http://www.gnu.org/licenses/
+#*****************************************************************************
+
+from sage.categories.category_with_axiom import CategoryWithAxiom
+from sage.categories.semigroups import Semigroups
+
+
+class JTrivialSemigroups(CategoryWithAxiom):
+    def extra_super_categories(self):
+        """
+        Implement the fact that a `J`-trivial semigroup is `L` and `R`-trivial.
+
+        EXAMPLES::
+
+            sage: Semigroups().JTrivial().extra_super_categories()
+            [Category of l trivial semigroups, Category of r trivial semigroups]
+        """
+        return [Semigroups().LTrivial(), Semigroups().RTrivial()]

sage/categories/kac_moody_algebras.py

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+# sage_setup: distribution = sagemath-categories
+r"""
+Kac-Moody Algebras
+
+AUTHORS:
+
+- Travis Scrimshaw (07-15-2017): Initial implementation
+"""
+
+# ****************************************************************************
+#       Copyright (C) 2017 Travis Scrimshaw <tcscrims at gmail.com>
+#
+# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 2 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#                  https://www.gnu.org/licenses/
+# ****************************************************************************
+from sage.misc.cachefunc import cached_method
+from sage.categories.category_types import Category_over_base_ring
+from sage.categories.lie_algebras import LieAlgebras
+
+
+class KacMoodyAlgebras(Category_over_base_ring):
+    """
+    Category of Kac-Moody algebras.
+    """
+    @cached_method
+    def super_categories(self):
+        """
+        EXAMPLES::
+
+            sage: from sage.categories.kac_moody_algebras import KacMoodyAlgebras
+            sage: KacMoodyAlgebras(QQ).super_categories()
+            [Category of Lie algebras over Rational Field]
+        """
+        return [LieAlgebras(self.base_ring())]
+
+    def example(self, n=2):
+        """
+        Return an example of a Kac-Moody algebra as per
+        :meth:`Category.example <sage.categories.category.Category.example>`.
+
+        EXAMPLES::
+
+            sage: from sage.categories.kac_moody_algebras import KacMoodyAlgebras
+            sage: KacMoodyAlgebras(QQ).example()                                        # needs sage.combinat sage.graphs sage.modules
+            Lie algebra of ['A', 2] in the Chevalley basis
+
+        We can specify the rank of the example::
+
+            sage: KacMoodyAlgebras(QQ).example(4)                                       # needs sage.combinat sage.graphs sage.modules
+            Lie algebra of ['A', 4] in the Chevalley basis
+        """
+        from sage.algebras.lie_algebras.classical_lie_algebra import LieAlgebraChevalleyBasis
+        return LieAlgebraChevalleyBasis(self.base_ring(), ['A', n])
+
+    class ParentMethods:
+        def cartan_type(self):
+            """
+            Return the Cartan type of ``self``.
+
+            EXAMPLES::
+
+                sage: L = LieAlgebra(QQ, cartan_type=['A', 2])                          # needs sage.combinat sage.graphs sage.modules
+                sage: L.cartan_type()                                                   # needs sage.combinat sage.graphs sage.modules
+                ['A', 2]
+            """
+            return self._cartan_type
+
+        def weyl_group(self):
+            """
+            Return the Weyl group of ``self``.
+
+            EXAMPLES::
+
+                sage: L = LieAlgebra(QQ, cartan_type=['A', 2])                          # needs sage.combinat sage.graphs sage.modules
+                sage: L.weyl_group()                                                    # needs sage.combinat sage.graphs sage.modules
+                Weyl Group of type ['A', 2] (as a matrix group acting on the ambient space)
+            """
+            from sage.combinat.root_system.weyl_group import WeylGroup
+            return WeylGroup(self.cartan_type())

sage/categories/kahler_algebras.py

@@ -0,0 +1,203 @@
+# sage_setup: distribution = sagemath-categories
+r"""
+Kähler Algebras
+
+AUTHORS:
+
+- Shriya M
+"""
+# ****************************************************************************
+#       Copyright (C) 2024 Shriya M <25shriya at gmail.com>
+#
+# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 2 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#                  https://www.gnu.org/licenses/
+# ****************************************************************************
+
+from sage.categories.category_types import Category_over_base_ring
+from sage.categories.graded_algebras_with_basis import GradedAlgebrasWithBasis
+from sage.misc.abstract_method import abstract_method
+
+
+class KahlerAlgebras(Category_over_base_ring):
+    r"""
+    The category of graded algebras satisfying the Kähler package.
+
+    A finite-dimensional graded algebra `\bigoplus_{k=1}^{r}A^k` satisfies
+    the *Kähler package* if the following properties hold:
+
+    - Poincaré duality: There exists a perfect `\ZZ`-bilinear pairing
+      given by
+
+      .. MATH::
+
+          A^k \times A^{r-k} \longrightarrow \ZZ \\
+            (a,b) \mapsto \deg(a \cdot b).
+
+    - Hard-Lefschetz Theorem: The graded algebra contains *Lefschetz elements*
+      `\omega \in A^{1}_{\RR}` such that multiplication by `\omega` is
+      an injection from `A^k_{\RR} \longrightarrow A^{k+1}_{\RR}`
+      for all `k < \frac{r}{2}`.
+
+    - Hodge-Riemann-Minikowski Relations: Every Lefchetz element `\omega`,
+      define quadratic forms on `A^{k}_{\RR}` given by
+
+      .. MATH::
+
+          a \mapsto (-1)^k \deg(a \cdot \omega^{r-2k} \cdot a)
+
+      This quadratic form becomes positive definite upon restriction to the
+      kernel of the following map
+
+      .. MATH::
+
+          A^k_\RR \longrightarrow A^{r-k+1}_\RR \\
+                a \mapsto a \cdot \omega^{r-2k+1}.
+
+    REFERENCES:
+
+    - [ANR2023]_
+
+    TESTS::
+
+        sage: from sage.categories.kahler_algebras import KahlerAlgebras
+
+        sage: C = KahlerAlgebras(QQ)
+        sage: TestSuite(C).run()
+    """
+    def super_categories(self):
+        r"""
+        Return the super categories of ``self``.
+
+        EXAMPLES::
+
+            sage: from sage.categories.kahler_algebras import KahlerAlgebras
+
+            sage: C = KahlerAlgebras(QQ); C
+            Category of kahler algebras over Rational Field
+            sage: sorted(C.super_categories(), key=str)
+            [Category of finite dimensional graded algebras with basis over
+            Rational Field]
+        """
+        return [GradedAlgebrasWithBasis(self.base_ring()).FiniteDimensional()]
+
+    class ParentMethods:
+        @abstract_method
+        def poincare_pairing(self, a, b):
+            r"""
+            Return the Poincaré pairing of two elements of the Kähler algebra.
+
+            EXAMPLES::
+
+                sage: # needs sage.graphs sage.modules sage.libs.singular
+                sage: ch = matroids.catalog.Fano().chow_ring(QQ, True, 'fy')
+                sage: Ba, Bb, Bc, Bd, Be, Bf, Bg, Babf, Bace, Badg, Bbcd, Bbeg, Bcfg, Bdef, Babcdefg = ch.gens()[8:]
+                sage: u = ch(-Babf^2 + Bcfg^2 - 8/7*Bc*Babcdefg + 1/2*Bd*Babcdefg - Bf*Babcdefg - Bg*Babcdefg); u
+                -Babf^2 + Bcfg^2 - 8/7*Bc*Babcdefg + 1/2*Bd*Babcdefg - Bf*Babcdefg - Bg*Babcdefg
+                sage: v = ch(Bg - 2/37*Babf + Badg + Bbeg + Bcfg + Babcdefg); v
+                Bg - 2/37*Babf + Badg + Bbeg + Bcfg + Babcdefg
+                sage: ch.poincare_pairing(v, u)
+                3
+            """
+
+        @abstract_method
+        def lefschetz_element(self):
+            r"""
+            Return one Lefschetz element of the given Kähler algebra.
+
+            EXAMPLES::
+
+                sage: # needs sage.graphs sage.modules sage.libs.singular
+                sage: U46 = matroids.Uniform(4, 6)
+                sage: C = U46.chow_ring(QQ, False)
+                sage: w = C.lefschetz_element(); w
+                -2*A01 - 2*A02 - 2*A03 - 2*A04 - 2*A05 - 2*A12 - 2*A13 - 2*A14
+                - 2*A15 - 2*A23 - 2*A24 - 2*A25 - 2*A34 - 2*A35 - 2*A45 - 6*A012
+                - 6*A013 - 6*A014 - 6*A015 - 6*A023 - 6*A024 - 6*A025 - 6*A034
+                - 6*A035 - 6*A045 - 6*A123 - 6*A124 - 6*A125 - 6*A134 - 6*A135
+                - 6*A145 - 6*A234 - 6*A235 - 6*A245 - 6*A345 - 30*A012345
+                sage: basis_deg = {}
+                sage: for b in C.basis():
+                ....:     deg = b.homogeneous_degree()
+                ....:     if deg not in basis_deg:
+                ....:         basis_deg[deg] = []
+                ....:     basis_deg[deg].append(b)
+                sage: m = max(basis_deg); m
+                3
+                sage: len(basis_deg[1]) == len(basis_deg[2])
+                True
+                sage: matrix([(w*b).to_vector() for b in basis_deg[1]]).rank()
+                36
+                sage: len(basis_deg[2])
+                36
+            """
+
+        def hodge_riemann_relations(self, k):
+            r"""
+            Return the quadratic form for the corresponding ``k``
+            (`< \frac{r}{2}`) for the Kähler algebra, where `r` is the top degree.
+
+            EXAMPLES::
+
+                sage: # needs sage.graphs sage.libs.singular sage.modules
+                sage: ch = matroids.Uniform(4, 6).chow_ring(QQ, False)
+                sage: ch.hodge_riemann_relations(1)
+                Quadratic form in 36 variables over Rational Field with coefficients:
+                [ 3 -1 -1 3 -1 -1 -1 -1 3 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 3 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 3 -1 -1 -1 3 ]
+                [ * 3 -1 3 -1 -1 3 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 3 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 3 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 3 ]
+                [ * * 3 3 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 3 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 3 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 3 -1 -1 3 ]
+                [ * * * 3 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 ]
+                [ * * * * 3 -1 3 -1 -1 3 -1 -1 3 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 3 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 3 ]
+                [ * * * * * 3 3 -1 3 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 3 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 3 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 3 ]
+                [ * * * * * * 3 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 ]
+                [ * * * * * * * 3 3 3 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 3 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 3 -1 3 ]
+                [ * * * * * * * * 3 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 ]
+                [ * * * * * * * * * 3 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 ]
+                [ * * * * * * * * * * 3 -1 3 -1 -1 3 -1 -1 -1 3 -1 -1 3 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 3 ]
+                [ * * * * * * * * * * * 3 3 -1 3 -1 -1 -1 3 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 3 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 3 ]
+                [ * * * * * * * * * * * * 3 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 ]
+                [ * * * * * * * * * * * * * 3 3 3 -1 3 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 3 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 3 ]
+                [ * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 3 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 ]
+                [ * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 3 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 ]
+                [ * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 3 3 3 3 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 3 3 ]
+                [ * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 3 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 ]
+                [ * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 3 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 ]
+                [ * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 3 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 ]
+                [ * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 3 -1 3 -1 3 -1 -1 -1 -1 3 -1 -1 -1 -1 3 3 ]
+                [ * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 3 3 -1 -1 3 -1 -1 3 -1 -1 -1 -1 3 -1 3 ]
+                [ * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 3 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 ]
+                [ * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 3 3 3 -1 3 -1 -1 -1 -1 3 -1 -1 3 ]
+                [ * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 3 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 ]
+                [ * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 3 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 ]
+                [ * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 3 3 3 3 -1 3 -1 -1 -1 3 ]
+                [ * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 3 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 ]
+                [ * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 3 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 ]
+                [ * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 3 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 ]
+                [ * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 3 3 3 3 3 3 ]
+                [ * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 3 -1 -1 -1 -1 ]
+                [ * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 3 -1 -1 -1 ]
+                [ * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 3 -1 -1 ]
+                [ * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 3 -1 ]
+                [ * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 3 ]
+                sage: ch.hodge_riemann_relations(3)
+                Traceback (most recent call last):
+                ...
+                ValueError: k must be less than r/2 < 2
+            """
+            from sage.quadratic_forms.quadratic_form import QuadraticForm
+
+            r = self.top_degree()
+            if k > (r/2):
+                raise ValueError("k must be less than r/2 < 2")
+            basis_k = []
+            lefschetz_el = self.lefschetz_element()
+            for b in self.basis():
+                if b.homogeneous_degree() == k:
+                    basis_k.append(b)
+            coeff = []
+            for i,el in enumerate(basis_k):
+                for j in range(i, len(basis_k)):
+                    coeff.append((el * (lefschetz_el ** (r-(2*k)) * basis_k[j])).degree())
+            return QuadraticForm(self.base_ring(), len(basis_k), coeff)

sage/categories/l_trivial_semigroups.py

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+# sage_setup: distribution = sagemath-categories
+r"""
+L-trivial semigroups
+"""
+#*****************************************************************************
+#  Copyright (C) 2016 Nicolas M. Thiéry <nthiery at users.sf.net>
+#
+# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 2 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#                  http://www.gnu.org/licenses/
+#*****************************************************************************
+
+from sage.categories.category_with_axiom import CategoryWithAxiom
+from sage.categories.magmas import Magmas
+from sage.categories.semigroups import Semigroups
+
+
+class LTrivialSemigroups(CategoryWithAxiom):
+    def extra_super_categories(self):
+        r"""
+        Implement the fact that a `L`-trivial semigroup is `H`-trivial.
+
+        EXAMPLES::
+
+            sage: Semigroups().LTrivial().extra_super_categories()
+            [Category of h trivial semigroups]
+        """
+        return [Semigroups().HTrivial()]
+
+    def RTrivial_extra_super_categories(self):
+        r"""
+        Implement the fact that an `L`-trivial and `R`-trivial semigroup
+        is `J`-trivial.
+
+        EXAMPLES::
+
+            sage: Semigroups().LTrivial().RTrivial_extra_super_categories()
+            [Category of j trivial magmas]
+
+        TESTS::
+
+            sage: Semigroups().LTrivial().RTrivial() is Semigroups().JTrivial()
+            True
+        """
+        return [Magmas().JTrivial()]
+
+    def Commutative_extra_super_categories(self):
+        r"""
+        Implement the fact that a commutative `R`-trivial semigroup is `J`-trivial.
+
+        EXAMPLES::
+
+            sage: Semigroups().LTrivial().Commutative_extra_super_categories()
+            [Category of j trivial semigroups]
+
+        TESTS::
+
+            sage: Semigroups().LTrivial().Commutative() is Semigroups().JTrivial().Commutative()
+            True
+        """
+        return [self.JTrivial()]