com.googler.python 1.1.4 → 1.1.5

package/python3.6.2/lib/python3.6/test/test_io.py

@@ -0,0 +1,4054 @@
+"""Unit tests for the io module."""
+
+# Tests of io are scattered over the test suite:
+# * test_bufio - tests file buffering
+# * test_memoryio - tests BytesIO and StringIO
+# * test_fileio - tests FileIO
+# * test_file - tests the file interface
+# * test_io - tests everything else in the io module
+# * test_univnewlines - tests universal newline support
+# * test_largefile - tests operations on a file greater than 2**32 bytes
+#     (only enabled with -ulargefile)
+
+################################################################################
+# ATTENTION TEST WRITERS!!!
+################################################################################
+# When writing tests for io, it's important to test both the C and Python
+# implementations. This is usually done by writing a base test that refers to
+# the type it is testing as an attribute. Then it provides custom subclasses to
+# test both implementations. This file has lots of examples.
+################################################################################
+
+import abc
+import array
+import errno
+import locale
+import os
+import pickle
+import random
+import signal
+import sys
+import time
+import unittest
+import warnings
+import weakref
+from collections import deque, UserList
+from itertools import cycle, count
+from test import support
+from test.support.script_helper import assert_python_ok, run_python_until_end
+
+import codecs
+import io  # C implementation of io
+import _pyio as pyio # Python implementation of io
+try:
+    import threading
+except ImportError:
+    threading = None
+
+try:
+    import ctypes
+except ImportError:
+    def byteslike(*pos, **kw):
+        return array.array("b", bytes(*pos, **kw))
+else:
+    def byteslike(*pos, **kw):
+        """Create a bytes-like object having no string or sequence methods"""
+        data = bytes(*pos, **kw)
+        obj = EmptyStruct()
+        ctypes.resize(obj, len(data))
+        memoryview(obj).cast("B")[:] = data
+        return obj
+    class EmptyStruct(ctypes.Structure):
+        pass
+
+def _default_chunk_size():
+    """Get the default TextIOWrapper chunk size"""
+    with open(__file__, "r", encoding="latin-1") as f:
+        return f._CHUNK_SIZE
+
+
+class MockRawIOWithoutRead:
+    """A RawIO implementation without read(), so as to exercise the default
+    RawIO.read() which calls readinto()."""
+
+    def __init__(self, read_stack=()):
+        self._read_stack = list(read_stack)
+        self._write_stack = []
+        self._reads = 0
+        self._extraneous_reads = 0
+
+    def write(self, b):
+        self._write_stack.append(bytes(b))
+        return len(b)
+
+    def writable(self):
+        return True
+
+    def fileno(self):
+        return 42
+
+    def readable(self):
+        return True
+
+    def seekable(self):
+        return True
+
+    def seek(self, pos, whence):
+        return 0   # wrong but we gotta return something
+
+    def tell(self):
+        return 0   # same comment as above
+
+    def readinto(self, buf):
+        self._reads += 1
+        max_len = len(buf)
+        try:
+            data = self._read_stack[0]
+        except IndexError:
+            self._extraneous_reads += 1
+            return 0
+        if data is None:
+            del self._read_stack[0]
+            return None
+        n = len(data)
+        if len(data) <= max_len:
+            del self._read_stack[0]
+            buf[:n] = data
+            return n
+        else:
+            buf[:] = data[:max_len]
+            self._read_stack[0] = data[max_len:]
+            return max_len
+
+    def truncate(self, pos=None):
+        return pos
+
+class CMockRawIOWithoutRead(MockRawIOWithoutRead, io.RawIOBase):
+    pass
+
+class PyMockRawIOWithoutRead(MockRawIOWithoutRead, pyio.RawIOBase):
+    pass
+
+
+class MockRawIO(MockRawIOWithoutRead):
+
+    def read(self, n=None):
+        self._reads += 1
+        try:
+            return self._read_stack.pop(0)
+        except:
+            self._extraneous_reads += 1
+            return b""
+
+class CMockRawIO(MockRawIO, io.RawIOBase):
+    pass
+
+class PyMockRawIO(MockRawIO, pyio.RawIOBase):
+    pass
+
+
+class MisbehavedRawIO(MockRawIO):
+    def write(self, b):
+        return super().write(b) * 2
+
+    def read(self, n=None):
+        return super().read(n) * 2
+
+    def seek(self, pos, whence):
+        return -123
+
+    def tell(self):
+        return -456
+
+    def readinto(self, buf):
+        super().readinto(buf)
+        return len(buf) * 5
+
+class CMisbehavedRawIO(MisbehavedRawIO, io.RawIOBase):
+    pass
+
+class PyMisbehavedRawIO(MisbehavedRawIO, pyio.RawIOBase):
+    pass
+
+
+class CloseFailureIO(MockRawIO):
+    closed = 0
+
+    def close(self):
+        if not self.closed:
+            self.closed = 1
+            raise OSError
+
+class CCloseFailureIO(CloseFailureIO, io.RawIOBase):
+    pass
+
+class PyCloseFailureIO(CloseFailureIO, pyio.RawIOBase):
+    pass
+
+
+class MockFileIO:
+
+    def __init__(self, data):
+        self.read_history = []
+        super().__init__(data)
+
+    def read(self, n=None):
+        res = super().read(n)
+        self.read_history.append(None if res is None else len(res))
+        return res
+
+    def readinto(self, b):
+        res = super().readinto(b)
+        self.read_history.append(res)
+        return res
+
+class CMockFileIO(MockFileIO, io.BytesIO):
+    pass
+
+class PyMockFileIO(MockFileIO, pyio.BytesIO):
+    pass
+
+
+class MockUnseekableIO:
+    def seekable(self):
+        return False
+
+    def seek(self, *args):
+        raise self.UnsupportedOperation("not seekable")
+
+    def tell(self, *args):
+        raise self.UnsupportedOperation("not seekable")
+
+    def truncate(self, *args):
+        raise self.UnsupportedOperation("not seekable")
+
+class CMockUnseekableIO(MockUnseekableIO, io.BytesIO):
+    UnsupportedOperation = io.UnsupportedOperation
+
+class PyMockUnseekableIO(MockUnseekableIO, pyio.BytesIO):
+    UnsupportedOperation = pyio.UnsupportedOperation
+
+
+class MockNonBlockWriterIO:
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self._write_stack = []
+        self._blocker_char = None
+
+    def pop_written(self):
+        s = b"".join(self._write_stack)
+        self._write_stack[:] = []
+        return s
+
+    def block_on(self, char):
+        """Block when a given char is encountered."""
+        self._blocker_char = char
+
+    def readable(self):
+        return True
+
+    def seekable(self):
+        return True
+
+    def writable(self):
+        return True
+
+    def write(self, b):
+        b = bytes(b)
+        n = -1
+        if self._blocker_char:
+            try:
+                n = b.index(self._blocker_char)
+            except ValueError:
+                pass
+            else:
+                if n > 0:
+                    # write data up to the first blocker
+                    self._write_stack.append(b[:n])
+                    return n
+                else:
+                    # cancel blocker and indicate would block
+                    self._blocker_char = None
+                    return None
+        self._write_stack.append(b)
+        return len(b)
+
+class CMockNonBlockWriterIO(MockNonBlockWriterIO, io.RawIOBase):
+    BlockingIOError = io.BlockingIOError
+
+class PyMockNonBlockWriterIO(MockNonBlockWriterIO, pyio.RawIOBase):
+    BlockingIOError = pyio.BlockingIOError
+
+
+class IOTest(unittest.TestCase):
+
+    def setUp(self):
+        support.unlink(support.TESTFN)
+
+    def tearDown(self):
+        support.unlink(support.TESTFN)
+
+    def write_ops(self, f):
+        self.assertEqual(f.write(b"blah."), 5)
+        f.truncate(0)
+        self.assertEqual(f.tell(), 5)
+        f.seek(0)
+
+        self.assertEqual(f.write(b"blah."), 5)
+        self.assertEqual(f.seek(0), 0)
+        self.assertEqual(f.write(b"Hello."), 6)
+        self.assertEqual(f.tell(), 6)
+        self.assertEqual(f.seek(-1, 1), 5)
+        self.assertEqual(f.tell(), 5)
+        buffer = bytearray(b" world\n\n\n")
+        self.assertEqual(f.write(buffer), 9)
+        buffer[:] = b"*" * 9  # Overwrite our copy of the data
+        self.assertEqual(f.seek(0), 0)
+        self.assertEqual(f.write(b"h"), 1)
+        self.assertEqual(f.seek(-1, 2), 13)
+        self.assertEqual(f.tell(), 13)
+
+        self.assertEqual(f.truncate(12), 12)
+        self.assertEqual(f.tell(), 13)
+        self.assertRaises(TypeError, f.seek, 0.0)
+
+    def read_ops(self, f, buffered=False):
+        data = f.read(5)
+        self.assertEqual(data, b"hello")
+        data = byteslike(data)
+        self.assertEqual(f.readinto(data), 5)
+        self.assertEqual(bytes(data), b" worl")
+        data = bytearray(5)
+        self.assertEqual(f.readinto(data), 2)
+        self.assertEqual(len(data), 5)
+        self.assertEqual(data[:2], b"d\n")
+        self.assertEqual(f.seek(0), 0)
+        self.assertEqual(f.read(20), b"hello world\n")
+        self.assertEqual(f.read(1), b"")
+        self.assertEqual(f.readinto(byteslike(b"x")), 0)
+        self.assertEqual(f.seek(-6, 2), 6)
+        self.assertEqual(f.read(5), b"world")
+        self.assertEqual(f.read(0), b"")
+        self.assertEqual(f.readinto(byteslike()), 0)
+        self.assertEqual(f.seek(-6, 1), 5)
+        self.assertEqual(f.read(5), b" worl")
+        self.assertEqual(f.tell(), 10)
+        self.assertRaises(TypeError, f.seek, 0.0)
+        if buffered:
+            f.seek(0)
+            self.assertEqual(f.read(), b"hello world\n")
+            f.seek(6)
+            self.assertEqual(f.read(), b"world\n")
+            self.assertEqual(f.read(), b"")
+            f.seek(0)
+            data = byteslike(5)
+            self.assertEqual(f.readinto1(data), 5)
+            self.assertEqual(bytes(data), b"hello")
+
+    LARGE = 2**31
+
+    def large_file_ops(self, f):
+        assert f.readable()
+        assert f.writable()
+        try:
+            self.assertEqual(f.seek(self.LARGE), self.LARGE)
+        except (OverflowError, ValueError):
+            self.skipTest("no largefile support")
+        self.assertEqual(f.tell(), self.LARGE)
+        self.assertEqual(f.write(b"xxx"), 3)
+        self.assertEqual(f.tell(), self.LARGE + 3)
+        self.assertEqual(f.seek(-1, 1), self.LARGE + 2)
+        self.assertEqual(f.truncate(), self.LARGE + 2)
+        self.assertEqual(f.tell(), self.LARGE + 2)
+        self.assertEqual(f.seek(0, 2), self.LARGE + 2)
+        self.assertEqual(f.truncate(self.LARGE + 1), self.LARGE + 1)
+        self.assertEqual(f.tell(), self.LARGE + 2)
+        self.assertEqual(f.seek(0, 2), self.LARGE + 1)
+        self.assertEqual(f.seek(-1, 2), self.LARGE)
+        self.assertEqual(f.read(2), b"x")
+
+    def test_invalid_operations(self):
+        # Try writing on a file opened in read mode and vice-versa.
+        exc = self.UnsupportedOperation
+        for mode in ("w", "wb"):
+            with self.open(support.TESTFN, mode) as fp:
+                self.assertRaises(exc, fp.read)
+                self.assertRaises(exc, fp.readline)
+        with self.open(support.TESTFN, "wb", buffering=0) as fp:
+            self.assertRaises(exc, fp.read)
+            self.assertRaises(exc, fp.readline)
+        with self.open(support.TESTFN, "rb", buffering=0) as fp:
+            self.assertRaises(exc, fp.write, b"blah")
+            self.assertRaises(exc, fp.writelines, [b"blah\n"])
+        with self.open(support.TESTFN, "rb") as fp:
+            self.assertRaises(exc, fp.write, b"blah")
+            self.assertRaises(exc, fp.writelines, [b"blah\n"])
+        with self.open(support.TESTFN, "r") as fp:
+            self.assertRaises(exc, fp.write, "blah")
+            self.assertRaises(exc, fp.writelines, ["blah\n"])
+            # Non-zero seeking from current or end pos
+            self.assertRaises(exc, fp.seek, 1, self.SEEK_CUR)
+            self.assertRaises(exc, fp.seek, -1, self.SEEK_END)
+
+    def test_optional_abilities(self):
+        # Test for OSError when optional APIs are not supported
+        # The purpose of this test is to try fileno(), reading, writing and
+        # seeking operations with various objects that indicate they do not
+        # support these operations.
+
+        def pipe_reader():
+            [r, w] = os.pipe()
+            os.close(w)  # So that read() is harmless
+            return self.FileIO(r, "r")
+
+        def pipe_writer():
+            [r, w] = os.pipe()
+            self.addCleanup(os.close, r)
+            # Guarantee that we can write into the pipe without blocking
+            thread = threading.Thread(target=os.read, args=(r, 100))
+            thread.start()
+            self.addCleanup(thread.join)
+            return self.FileIO(w, "w")
+
+        def buffered_reader():
+            return self.BufferedReader(self.MockUnseekableIO())
+
+        def buffered_writer():
+            return self.BufferedWriter(self.MockUnseekableIO())
+
+        def buffered_random():
+            return self.BufferedRandom(self.BytesIO())
+
+        def buffered_rw_pair():
+            return self.BufferedRWPair(self.MockUnseekableIO(),
+                self.MockUnseekableIO())
+
+        def text_reader():
+            class UnseekableReader(self.MockUnseekableIO):
+                writable = self.BufferedIOBase.writable
+                write = self.BufferedIOBase.write
+            return self.TextIOWrapper(UnseekableReader(), "ascii")
+
+        def text_writer():
+            class UnseekableWriter(self.MockUnseekableIO):
+                readable = self.BufferedIOBase.readable
+                read = self.BufferedIOBase.read
+            return self.TextIOWrapper(UnseekableWriter(), "ascii")
+
+        tests = (
+            (pipe_reader, "fr"), (pipe_writer, "fw"),
+            (buffered_reader, "r"), (buffered_writer, "w"),
+            (buffered_random, "rws"), (buffered_rw_pair, "rw"),
+            (text_reader, "r"), (text_writer, "w"),
+            (self.BytesIO, "rws"), (self.StringIO, "rws"),
+        )
+        for [test, abilities] in tests:
+            if test is pipe_writer and not threading:
+                continue  # Skip subtest that uses a background thread
+            with self.subTest(test), test() as obj:
+                readable = "r" in abilities
+                self.assertEqual(obj.readable(), readable)
+                writable = "w" in abilities
+                self.assertEqual(obj.writable(), writable)
+
+                if isinstance(obj, self.TextIOBase):
+                    data = "3"
+                elif isinstance(obj, (self.BufferedIOBase, self.RawIOBase)):
+                    data = b"3"
+                else:
+                    self.fail("Unknown base class")
+
+                if "f" in abilities:
+                    obj.fileno()
+                else:
+                    self.assertRaises(OSError, obj.fileno)
+
+                if readable:
+                    obj.read(1)
+                    obj.read()
+                else:
+                    self.assertRaises(OSError, obj.read, 1)
+                    self.assertRaises(OSError, obj.read)
+
+                if writable:
+                    obj.write(data)
+                else:
+                    self.assertRaises(OSError, obj.write, data)
+
+                if sys.platform.startswith("win") and test in (
+                        pipe_reader, pipe_writer):
+                    # Pipes seem to appear as seekable on Windows
+                    continue
+                seekable = "s" in abilities
+                self.assertEqual(obj.seekable(), seekable)
+
+                if seekable:
+                    obj.tell()
+                    obj.seek(0)
+                else:
+                    self.assertRaises(OSError, obj.tell)
+                    self.assertRaises(OSError, obj.seek, 0)
+
+                if writable and seekable:
+                    obj.truncate()
+                    obj.truncate(0)
+                else:
+                    self.assertRaises(OSError, obj.truncate)
+                    self.assertRaises(OSError, obj.truncate, 0)
+
+    def test_open_handles_NUL_chars(self):
+        fn_with_NUL = 'foo\0bar'
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, self.open, fn_with_NUL, 'w')
+
+        bytes_fn = bytes(fn_with_NUL, 'ascii')
+        with warnings.catch_warnings():
+            warnings.simplefilter("ignore", DeprecationWarning)
+            self.assertRaises(ValueError, self.open, bytes_fn, 'w')
+
+    def test_raw_file_io(self):
+        with self.open(support.TESTFN, "wb", buffering=0) as f:
+            self.assertEqual(f.readable(), False)
+            self.assertEqual(f.writable(), True)
+            self.assertEqual(f.seekable(), True)
+            self.write_ops(f)
+        with self.open(support.TESTFN, "rb", buffering=0) as f:
+            self.assertEqual(f.readable(), True)
+            self.assertEqual(f.writable(), False)
+            self.assertEqual(f.seekable(), True)
+            self.read_ops(f)
+
+    def test_buffered_file_io(self):
+        with self.open(support.TESTFN, "wb") as f:
+            self.assertEqual(f.readable(), False)
+            self.assertEqual(f.writable(), True)
+            self.assertEqual(f.seekable(), True)
+            self.write_ops(f)
+        with self.open(support.TESTFN, "rb") as f:
+            self.assertEqual(f.readable(), True)
+            self.assertEqual(f.writable(), False)
+            self.assertEqual(f.seekable(), True)
+            self.read_ops(f, True)
+
+    def test_readline(self):
+        with self.open(support.TESTFN, "wb") as f:
+            f.write(b"abc\ndef\nxyzzy\nfoo\x00bar\nanother line")
+        with self.open(support.TESTFN, "rb") as f:
+            self.assertEqual(f.readline(), b"abc\n")
+            self.assertEqual(f.readline(10), b"def\n")
+            self.assertEqual(f.readline(2), b"xy")
+            self.assertEqual(f.readline(4), b"zzy\n")
+            self.assertEqual(f.readline(), b"foo\x00bar\n")
+            self.assertEqual(f.readline(None), b"another line")
+            self.assertRaises(TypeError, f.readline, 5.3)
+        with self.open(support.TESTFN, "r") as f:
+            self.assertRaises(TypeError, f.readline, 5.3)
+
+    def test_readline_nonsizeable(self):
+        # Issue #30061
+        # Crash when readline() returns an object without __len__
+        class R(self.IOBase):
+            def readline(self):
+                return None
+        self.assertRaises((TypeError, StopIteration), next, R())
+
+    def test_next_nonsizeable(self):
+        # Issue #30061
+        # Crash when __next__() returns an object without __len__
+        class R(self.IOBase):
+            def __next__(self):
+                return None
+        self.assertRaises(TypeError, R().readlines, 1)
+
+    def test_raw_bytes_io(self):
+        f = self.BytesIO()
+        self.write_ops(f)
+        data = f.getvalue()
+        self.assertEqual(data, b"hello world\n")
+        f = self.BytesIO(data)
+        self.read_ops(f, True)
+
+    def test_large_file_ops(self):
+        # On Windows and Mac OSX this test comsumes large resources; It takes
+        # a long time to build the >2GB file and takes >2GB of disk space
+        # therefore the resource must be enabled to run this test.
+        if sys.platform[:3] == 'win' or sys.platform == 'darwin':
+            support.requires(
+                'largefile',
+                'test requires %s bytes and a long time to run' % self.LARGE)
+        with self.open(support.TESTFN, "w+b", 0) as f:
+            self.large_file_ops(f)
+        with self.open(support.TESTFN, "w+b") as f:
+            self.large_file_ops(f)
+
+    def test_with_open(self):
+        for bufsize in (0, 1, 100):
+            f = None
+            with self.open(support.TESTFN, "wb", bufsize) as f:
+                f.write(b"xxx")
+            self.assertEqual(f.closed, True)
+            f = None
+            try:
+                with self.open(support.TESTFN, "wb", bufsize) as f:
+                    1/0
+            except ZeroDivisionError:
+                self.assertEqual(f.closed, True)
+            else:
+                self.fail("1/0 didn't raise an exception")
+
+    # issue 5008
+    def test_append_mode_tell(self):
+        with self.open(support.TESTFN, "wb") as f:
+            f.write(b"xxx")
+        with self.open(support.TESTFN, "ab", buffering=0) as f:
+            self.assertEqual(f.tell(), 3)
+        with self.open(support.TESTFN, "ab") as f:
+            self.assertEqual(f.tell(), 3)
+        with self.open(support.TESTFN, "a") as f:
+            self.assertGreater(f.tell(), 0)
+
+    def test_destructor(self):
+        record = []
+        class MyFileIO(self.FileIO):
+            def __del__(self):
+                record.append(1)
+                try:
+                    f = super().__del__
+                except AttributeError:
+                    pass
+                else:
+                    f()
+            def close(self):
+                record.append(2)
+                super().close()
+            def flush(self):
+                record.append(3)
+                super().flush()
+        with support.check_warnings(('', ResourceWarning)):
+            f = MyFileIO(support.TESTFN, "wb")
+            f.write(b"xxx")
+            del f
+            support.gc_collect()
+            self.assertEqual(record, [1, 2, 3])
+            with self.open(support.TESTFN, "rb") as f:
+                self.assertEqual(f.read(), b"xxx")
+
+    def _check_base_destructor(self, base):
+        record = []
+        class MyIO(base):
+            def __init__(self):
+                # This exercises the availability of attributes on object
+                # destruction.
+                # (in the C version, close() is called by the tp_dealloc
+                # function, not by __del__)
+                self.on_del = 1
+                self.on_close = 2
+                self.on_flush = 3
+            def __del__(self):
+                record.append(self.on_del)
+                try:
+                    f = super().__del__
+                except AttributeError:
+                    pass
+                else:
+                    f()
+            def close(self):
+                record.append(self.on_close)
+                super().close()
+            def flush(self):
+                record.append(self.on_flush)
+                super().flush()
+        f = MyIO()
+        del f
+        support.gc_collect()
+        self.assertEqual(record, [1, 2, 3])
+
+    def test_IOBase_destructor(self):
+        self._check_base_destructor(self.IOBase)
+
+    def test_RawIOBase_destructor(self):
+        self._check_base_destructor(self.RawIOBase)
+
+    def test_BufferedIOBase_destructor(self):
+        self._check_base_destructor(self.BufferedIOBase)
+
+    def test_TextIOBase_destructor(self):
+        self._check_base_destructor(self.TextIOBase)
+
+    def test_close_flushes(self):
+        with self.open(support.TESTFN, "wb") as f:
+            f.write(b"xxx")
+        with self.open(support.TESTFN, "rb") as f:
+            self.assertEqual(f.read(), b"xxx")
+
+    def test_array_writes(self):
+        a = array.array('i', range(10))
+        n = len(a.tobytes())
+        def check(f):
+            with f:
+                self.assertEqual(f.write(a), n)
+                f.writelines((a,))
+        check(self.BytesIO())
+        check(self.FileIO(support.TESTFN, "w"))
+        check(self.BufferedWriter(self.MockRawIO()))
+        check(self.BufferedRandom(self.MockRawIO()))
+        check(self.BufferedRWPair(self.MockRawIO(), self.MockRawIO()))
+
+    def test_closefd(self):
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, self.open, support.TESTFN, 'w',
+                          closefd=False)
+
+    def test_read_closed(self):
+        with self.open(support.TESTFN, "w") as f:
+            f.write("egg\n")
+        with self.open(support.TESTFN, "r") as f:
+            file = self.open(f.fileno(), "r", closefd=False)
+            self.assertEqual(file.read(), "egg\n")
+            file.seek(0)
+            file.close()
+            self.assertRaises(ValueError, file.read)
+
+    def test_no_closefd_with_filename(self):
+        # can't use closefd in combination with a file name
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, self.open, support.TESTFN, "r", closefd=False)
+
+    def test_closefd_attr(self):
+        with self.open(support.TESTFN, "wb") as f:
+            f.write(b"egg\n")
+        with self.open(support.TESTFN, "r") as f:
+            self.assertEqual(f.buffer.raw.closefd, True)
+            file = self.open(f.fileno(), "r", closefd=False)
+            self.assertEqual(file.buffer.raw.closefd, False)
+
+    def test_garbage_collection(self):
+        # FileIO objects are collected, and collecting them flushes
+        # all data to disk.
+        with support.check_warnings(('', ResourceWarning)):
+            f = self.FileIO(support.TESTFN, "wb")
+            f.write(b"abcxxx")
+            f.f = f
+            wr = weakref.ref(f)
+            del f
+            support.gc_collect()
+        self.assertIsNone(wr(), wr)
+        with self.open(support.TESTFN, "rb") as f:
+            self.assertEqual(f.read(), b"abcxxx")
+
+    def test_unbounded_file(self):
+        # Issue #1174606: reading from an unbounded stream such as /dev/zero.
+        zero = "/dev/zero"
+        if not os.path.exists(zero):
+            self.skipTest("{0} does not exist".format(zero))
+        if sys.maxsize > 0x7FFFFFFF:
+            self.skipTest("test can only run in a 32-bit address space")
+        if support.real_max_memuse < support._2G:
+            self.skipTest("test requires at least 2GB of memory")
+        with self.open(zero, "rb", buffering=0) as f:
+            self.assertRaises(OverflowError, f.read)
+        with self.open(zero, "rb") as f:
+            self.assertRaises(OverflowError, f.read)
+        with self.open(zero, "r") as f:
+            self.assertRaises(OverflowError, f.read)
+
+    def check_flush_error_on_close(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        # Test that the file is closed despite failed flush
+        # and that flush() is called before file closed.
+        f = self.open(*args, **kwargs)
+        closed = []
+        def bad_flush():
+            closed[:] = [f.closed]
+            raise OSError()
+        f.flush = bad_flush
+        self.assertRaises(OSError, f.close) # exception not swallowed
+        self.assertTrue(f.closed)
+        self.assertTrue(closed)      # flush() called
+        self.assertFalse(closed[0])  # flush() called before file closed
+        f.flush = lambda: None  # break reference loop
+
+    def test_flush_error_on_close(self):
+        # raw file
+        # Issue #5700: io.FileIO calls flush() after file closed
+        self.check_flush_error_on_close(support.TESTFN, 'wb', buffering=0)
+        fd = os.open(support.TESTFN, os.O_WRONLY|os.O_CREAT)
+        self.check_flush_error_on_close(fd, 'wb', buffering=0)
+        fd = os.open(support.TESTFN, os.O_WRONLY|os.O_CREAT)
+        self.check_flush_error_on_close(fd, 'wb', buffering=0, closefd=False)
+        os.close(fd)
+        # buffered io
+        self.check_flush_error_on_close(support.TESTFN, 'wb')
+        fd = os.open(support.TESTFN, os.O_WRONLY|os.O_CREAT)
+        self.check_flush_error_on_close(fd, 'wb')
+        fd = os.open(support.TESTFN, os.O_WRONLY|os.O_CREAT)
+        self.check_flush_error_on_close(fd, 'wb', closefd=False)
+        os.close(fd)
+        # text io
+        self.check_flush_error_on_close(support.TESTFN, 'w')
+        fd = os.open(support.TESTFN, os.O_WRONLY|os.O_CREAT)
+        self.check_flush_error_on_close(fd, 'w')
+        fd = os.open(support.TESTFN, os.O_WRONLY|os.O_CREAT)
+        self.check_flush_error_on_close(fd, 'w', closefd=False)
+        os.close(fd)
+
+    def test_multi_close(self):
+        f = self.open(support.TESTFN, "wb", buffering=0)
+        f.close()
+        f.close()
+        f.close()
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, f.flush)
+
+    def test_RawIOBase_read(self):
+        # Exercise the default RawIOBase.read() implementation (which calls
+        # readinto() internally).
+        rawio = self.MockRawIOWithoutRead((b"abc", b"d", None, b"efg", None))
+        self.assertEqual(rawio.read(2), b"ab")
+        self.assertEqual(rawio.read(2), b"c")
+        self.assertEqual(rawio.read(2), b"d")
+        self.assertEqual(rawio.read(2), None)
+        self.assertEqual(rawio.read(2), b"ef")
+        self.assertEqual(rawio.read(2), b"g")
+        self.assertEqual(rawio.read(2), None)
+        self.assertEqual(rawio.read(2), b"")
+
+    def test_types_have_dict(self):
+        test = (
+            self.IOBase(),
+            self.RawIOBase(),
+            self.TextIOBase(),
+            self.StringIO(),
+            self.BytesIO()
+        )
+        for obj in test:
+            self.assertTrue(hasattr(obj, "__dict__"))
+
+    def test_opener(self):
+        with self.open(support.TESTFN, "w") as f:
+            f.write("egg\n")
+        fd = os.open(support.TESTFN, os.O_RDONLY)
+        def opener(path, flags):
+            return fd
+        with self.open("non-existent", "r", opener=opener) as f:
+            self.assertEqual(f.read(), "egg\n")
+
+    def test_bad_opener_negative_1(self):
+        # Issue #27066.
+        def badopener(fname, flags):
+            return -1
+        with self.assertRaises(ValueError) as cm:
+            open('non-existent', 'r', opener=badopener)
+        self.assertEqual(str(cm.exception), 'opener returned -1')
+
+    def test_bad_opener_other_negative(self):
+        # Issue #27066.
+        def badopener(fname, flags):
+            return -2
+        with self.assertRaises(ValueError) as cm:
+            open('non-existent', 'r', opener=badopener)
+        self.assertEqual(str(cm.exception), 'opener returned -2')
+
+    def test_fileio_closefd(self):
+        # Issue #4841
+        with self.open(__file__, 'rb') as f1, \
+             self.open(__file__, 'rb') as f2:
+            fileio = self.FileIO(f1.fileno(), closefd=False)
+            # .__init__() must not close f1
+            fileio.__init__(f2.fileno(), closefd=False)
+            f1.readline()
+            # .close() must not close f2
+            fileio.close()
+            f2.readline()
+
+    def test_nonbuffered_textio(self):
+        with support.check_no_resource_warning(self):
+            with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
+                self.open(support.TESTFN, 'w', buffering=0)
+
+    def test_invalid_newline(self):
+        with support.check_no_resource_warning(self):
+            with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
+                self.open(support.TESTFN, 'w', newline='invalid')
+
+    def test_buffered_readinto_mixin(self):
+        # Test the implementation provided by BufferedIOBase
+        class Stream(self.BufferedIOBase):
+            def read(self, size):
+                return b"12345"
+            read1 = read
+        stream = Stream()
+        for method in ("readinto", "readinto1"):
+            with self.subTest(method):
+                buffer = byteslike(5)
+                self.assertEqual(getattr(stream, method)(buffer), 5)
+                self.assertEqual(bytes(buffer), b"12345")
+
+    def test_fspath_support(self):
+        class PathLike:
+            def __init__(self, path):
+                self.path = path
+
+            def __fspath__(self):
+                return self.path
+
+        def check_path_succeeds(path):
+            with self.open(path, "w") as f:
+                f.write("egg\n")
+
+            with self.open(path, "r") as f:
+                self.assertEqual(f.read(), "egg\n")
+
+        check_path_succeeds(PathLike(support.TESTFN))
+        check_path_succeeds(PathLike(support.TESTFN.encode('utf-8')))
+
+        bad_path = PathLike(TypeError)
+        with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
+            self.open(bad_path, 'w')
+
+        # ensure that refcounting is correct with some error conditions
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, 'read/write/append mode'):
+            self.open(PathLike(support.TESTFN), 'rwxa')
+
+
+class CIOTest(IOTest):
+
+    def test_IOBase_finalize(self):
+        # Issue #12149: segmentation fault on _PyIOBase_finalize when both a
+        # class which inherits IOBase and an object of this class are caught
+        # in a reference cycle and close() is already in the method cache.
+        class MyIO(self.IOBase):
+            def close(self):
+                pass
+
+        # create an instance to populate the method cache
+        MyIO()
+        obj = MyIO()
+        obj.obj = obj
+        wr = weakref.ref(obj)
+        del MyIO
+        del obj
+        support.gc_collect()
+        self.assertIsNone(wr(), wr)
+
+class PyIOTest(IOTest):
+    pass
+
+
+@support.cpython_only
+class APIMismatchTest(unittest.TestCase):
+
+    def test_RawIOBase_io_in_pyio_match(self):
+        """Test that pyio RawIOBase class has all c RawIOBase methods"""
+        mismatch = support.detect_api_mismatch(pyio.RawIOBase, io.RawIOBase,
+                                               ignore=('__weakref__',))
+        self.assertEqual(mismatch, set(), msg='Python RawIOBase does not have all C RawIOBase methods')
+
+    def test_RawIOBase_pyio_in_io_match(self):
+        """Test that c RawIOBase class has all pyio RawIOBase methods"""
+        mismatch = support.detect_api_mismatch(io.RawIOBase, pyio.RawIOBase)
+        self.assertEqual(mismatch, set(), msg='C RawIOBase does not have all Python RawIOBase methods')
+
+
+class CommonBufferedTests:
+    # Tests common to BufferedReader, BufferedWriter and BufferedRandom
+
+    def test_detach(self):
+        raw = self.MockRawIO()
+        buf = self.tp(raw)
+        self.assertIs(buf.detach(), raw)
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, buf.detach)
+
+        repr(buf)  # Should still work
+
+    def test_fileno(self):
+        rawio = self.MockRawIO()
+        bufio = self.tp(rawio)
+
+        self.assertEqual(42, bufio.fileno())
+
+    def test_invalid_args(self):
+        rawio = self.MockRawIO()
+        bufio = self.tp(rawio)
+        # Invalid whence
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, bufio.seek, 0, -1)
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, bufio.seek, 0, 9)
+
+    def test_override_destructor(self):
+        tp = self.tp
+        record = []
+        class MyBufferedIO(tp):
+            def __del__(self):
+                record.append(1)
+                try:
+                    f = super().__del__
+                except AttributeError:
+                    pass
+                else:
+                    f()
+            def close(self):
+                record.append(2)
+                super().close()
+            def flush(self):
+                record.append(3)
+                super().flush()
+        rawio = self.MockRawIO()
+        bufio = MyBufferedIO(rawio)
+        del bufio
+        support.gc_collect()
+        self.assertEqual(record, [1, 2, 3])
+
+    def test_context_manager(self):
+        # Test usability as a context manager
+        rawio = self.MockRawIO()
+        bufio = self.tp(rawio)
+        def _with():
+            with bufio:
+                pass
+        _with()
+        # bufio should now be closed, and using it a second time should raise
+        # a ValueError.
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, _with)
+
+    def test_error_through_destructor(self):
+        # Test that the exception state is not modified by a destructor,
+        # even if close() fails.
+        rawio = self.CloseFailureIO()
+        def f():
+            self.tp(rawio).xyzzy
+        with support.captured_output("stderr") as s:
+            self.assertRaises(AttributeError, f)
+        s = s.getvalue().strip()
+        if s:
+            # The destructor *may* have printed an unraisable error, check it
+            self.assertEqual(len(s.splitlines()), 1)
+            self.assertTrue(s.startswith("Exception OSError: "), s)
+            self.assertTrue(s.endswith(" ignored"), s)
+
+    def test_repr(self):
+        raw = self.MockRawIO()
+        b = self.tp(raw)
+        clsname = "%s.%s" % (self.tp.__module__, self.tp.__qualname__)
+        self.assertEqual(repr(b), "<%s>" % clsname)
+        raw.name = "dummy"
+        self.assertEqual(repr(b), "<%s name='dummy'>" % clsname)
+        raw.name = b"dummy"
+        self.assertEqual(repr(b), "<%s name=b'dummy'>" % clsname)
+
+    def test_recursive_repr(self):
+        # Issue #25455
+        raw = self.MockRawIO()
+        b = self.tp(raw)
+        with support.swap_attr(raw, 'name', b):
+            try:
+                repr(b)  # Should not crash
+            except RuntimeError:
+                pass
+
+    def test_flush_error_on_close(self):
+        # Test that buffered file is closed despite failed flush
+        # and that flush() is called before file closed.
+        raw = self.MockRawIO()
+        closed = []
+        def bad_flush():
+            closed[:] = [b.closed, raw.closed]
+            raise OSError()
+        raw.flush = bad_flush
+        b = self.tp(raw)
+        self.assertRaises(OSError, b.close) # exception not swallowed
+        self.assertTrue(b.closed)
+        self.assertTrue(raw.closed)
+        self.assertTrue(closed)      # flush() called
+        self.assertFalse(closed[0])  # flush() called before file closed
+        self.assertFalse(closed[1])
+        raw.flush = lambda: None  # break reference loop
+
+    def test_close_error_on_close(self):
+        raw = self.MockRawIO()
+        def bad_flush():
+            raise OSError('flush')
+        def bad_close():
+            raise OSError('close')
+        raw.close = bad_close
+        b = self.tp(raw)
+        b.flush = bad_flush
+        with self.assertRaises(OSError) as err: # exception not swallowed
+            b.close()
+        self.assertEqual(err.exception.args, ('close',))
+        self.assertIsInstance(err.exception.__context__, OSError)
+        self.assertEqual(err.exception.__context__.args, ('flush',))
+        self.assertFalse(b.closed)
+
+    def test_nonnormalized_close_error_on_close(self):
+        # Issue #21677
+        raw = self.MockRawIO()
+        def bad_flush():
+            raise non_existing_flush
+        def bad_close():
+            raise non_existing_close
+        raw.close = bad_close
+        b = self.tp(raw)
+        b.flush = bad_flush
+        with self.assertRaises(NameError) as err: # exception not swallowed
+            b.close()
+        self.assertIn('non_existing_close', str(err.exception))
+        self.assertIsInstance(err.exception.__context__, NameError)
+        self.assertIn('non_existing_flush', str(err.exception.__context__))
+        self.assertFalse(b.closed)
+
+    def test_multi_close(self):
+        raw = self.MockRawIO()
+        b = self.tp(raw)
+        b.close()
+        b.close()
+        b.close()
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, b.flush)
+
+    def test_unseekable(self):
+        bufio = self.tp(self.MockUnseekableIO(b"A" * 10))
+        self.assertRaises(self.UnsupportedOperation, bufio.tell)
+        self.assertRaises(self.UnsupportedOperation, bufio.seek, 0)
+
+    def test_readonly_attributes(self):
+        raw = self.MockRawIO()
+        buf = self.tp(raw)
+        x = self.MockRawIO()
+        with self.assertRaises(AttributeError):
+            buf.raw = x
+
+
+class SizeofTest:
+
+    @support.cpython_only
+    def test_sizeof(self):
+        bufsize1 = 4096
+        bufsize2 = 8192
+        rawio = self.MockRawIO()
+        bufio = self.tp(rawio, buffer_size=bufsize1)
+        size = sys.getsizeof(bufio) - bufsize1
+        rawio = self.MockRawIO()
+        bufio = self.tp(rawio, buffer_size=bufsize2)
+        self.assertEqual(sys.getsizeof(bufio), size + bufsize2)
+
+    @support.cpython_only
+    def test_buffer_freeing(self) :
+        bufsize = 4096
+        rawio = self.MockRawIO()
+        bufio = self.tp(rawio, buffer_size=bufsize)
+        size = sys.getsizeof(bufio) - bufsize
+        bufio.close()
+        self.assertEqual(sys.getsizeof(bufio), size)
+
+class BufferedReaderTest(unittest.TestCase, CommonBufferedTests):
+    read_mode = "rb"
+
+    def test_constructor(self):
+        rawio = self.MockRawIO([b"abc"])
+        bufio = self.tp(rawio)
+        bufio.__init__(rawio)
+        bufio.__init__(rawio, buffer_size=1024)
+        bufio.__init__(rawio, buffer_size=16)
+        self.assertEqual(b"abc", bufio.read())
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, bufio.__init__, rawio, buffer_size=0)
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, bufio.__init__, rawio, buffer_size=-16)
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, bufio.__init__, rawio, buffer_size=-1)
+        rawio = self.MockRawIO([b"abc"])
+        bufio.__init__(rawio)
+        self.assertEqual(b"abc", bufio.read())
+
+    def test_uninitialized(self):
+        bufio = self.tp.__new__(self.tp)
+        del bufio
+        bufio = self.tp.__new__(self.tp)
+        self.assertRaisesRegex((ValueError, AttributeError),
+                               'uninitialized|has no attribute',
+                               bufio.read, 0)
+        bufio.__init__(self.MockRawIO())
+        self.assertEqual(bufio.read(0), b'')
+
+    def test_read(self):
+        for arg in (None, 7):
+            rawio = self.MockRawIO((b"abc", b"d", b"efg"))
+            bufio = self.tp(rawio)
+            self.assertEqual(b"abcdefg", bufio.read(arg))
+        # Invalid args
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, bufio.read, -2)
+
+    def test_read1(self):
+        rawio = self.MockRawIO((b"abc", b"d", b"efg"))
+        bufio = self.tp(rawio)
+        self.assertEqual(b"a", bufio.read(1))
+        self.assertEqual(b"b", bufio.read1(1))
+        self.assertEqual(rawio._reads, 1)
+        self.assertEqual(b"c", bufio.read1(100))
+        self.assertEqual(rawio._reads, 1)
+        self.assertEqual(b"d", bufio.read1(100))
+        self.assertEqual(rawio._reads, 2)
+        self.assertEqual(b"efg", bufio.read1(100))
+        self.assertEqual(rawio._reads, 3)
+        self.assertEqual(b"", bufio.read1(100))
+        self.assertEqual(rawio._reads, 4)
+        # Invalid args
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, bufio.read1, -1)
+
+    def test_readinto(self):
+        rawio = self.MockRawIO((b"abc", b"d", b"efg"))
+        bufio = self.tp(rawio)
+        b = bytearray(2)
+        self.assertEqual(bufio.readinto(b), 2)
+        self.assertEqual(b, b"ab")
+        self.assertEqual(bufio.readinto(b), 2)
+        self.assertEqual(b, b"cd")
+        self.assertEqual(bufio.readinto(b), 2)
+        self.assertEqual(b, b"ef")
+        self.assertEqual(bufio.readinto(b), 1)
+        self.assertEqual(b, b"gf")
+        self.assertEqual(bufio.readinto(b), 0)
+        self.assertEqual(b, b"gf")
+        rawio = self.MockRawIO((b"abc", None))
+        bufio = self.tp(rawio)
+        self.assertEqual(bufio.readinto(b), 2)
+        self.assertEqual(b, b"ab")
+        self.assertEqual(bufio.readinto(b), 1)
+        self.assertEqual(b, b"cb")
+
+    def test_readinto1(self):
+        buffer_size = 10
+        rawio = self.MockRawIO((b"abc", b"de", b"fgh", b"jkl"))
+        bufio = self.tp(rawio, buffer_size=buffer_size)
+        b = bytearray(2)
+        self.assertEqual(bufio.peek(3), b'abc')
+        self.assertEqual(rawio._reads, 1)
+        self.assertEqual(bufio.readinto1(b), 2)
+        self.assertEqual(b, b"ab")
+        self.assertEqual(rawio._reads, 1)
+        self.assertEqual(bufio.readinto1(b), 1)
+        self.assertEqual(b[:1], b"c")
+        self.assertEqual(rawio._reads, 1)
+        self.assertEqual(bufio.readinto1(b), 2)
+        self.assertEqual(b, b"de")
+        self.assertEqual(rawio._reads, 2)
+        b = bytearray(2*buffer_size)
+        self.assertEqual(bufio.peek(3), b'fgh')
+        self.assertEqual(rawio._reads, 3)
+        self.assertEqual(bufio.readinto1(b), 6)
+        self.assertEqual(b[:6], b"fghjkl")
+        self.assertEqual(rawio._reads, 4)
+
+    def test_readinto_array(self):
+        buffer_size = 60
+        data = b"a" * 26
+        rawio = self.MockRawIO((data,))
+        bufio = self.tp(rawio, buffer_size=buffer_size)
+
+        # Create an array with element size > 1 byte
+        b = array.array('i', b'x' * 32)
+        assert len(b) != 16
+
+        # Read into it. We should get as many *bytes* as we can fit into b
+        # (which is more than the number of elements)
+        n = bufio.readinto(b)
+        self.assertGreater(n, len(b))
+
+        # Check that old contents of b are preserved
+        bm = memoryview(b).cast('B')
+        self.assertLess(n, len(bm))
+        self.assertEqual(bm[:n], data[:n])
+        self.assertEqual(bm[n:], b'x' * (len(bm[n:])))
+
+    def test_readinto1_array(self):
+        buffer_size = 60
+        data = b"a" * 26
+        rawio = self.MockRawIO((data,))
+        bufio = self.tp(rawio, buffer_size=buffer_size)
+
+        # Create an array with element size > 1 byte
+        b = array.array('i', b'x' * 32)
+        assert len(b) != 16
+
+        # Read into it. We should get as many *bytes* as we can fit into b
+        # (which is more than the number of elements)
+        n = bufio.readinto1(b)
+        self.assertGreater(n, len(b))
+
+        # Check that old contents of b are preserved
+        bm = memoryview(b).cast('B')
+        self.assertLess(n, len(bm))
+        self.assertEqual(bm[:n], data[:n])
+        self.assertEqual(bm[n:], b'x' * (len(bm[n:])))
+
+    def test_readlines(self):
+        def bufio():
+            rawio = self.MockRawIO((b"abc\n", b"d\n", b"ef"))
+            return self.tp(rawio)
+        self.assertEqual(bufio().readlines(), [b"abc\n", b"d\n", b"ef"])
+        self.assertEqual(bufio().readlines(5), [b"abc\n", b"d\n"])
+        self.assertEqual(bufio().readlines(None), [b"abc\n", b"d\n", b"ef"])
+
+    def test_buffering(self):
+        data = b"abcdefghi"
+        dlen = len(data)
+
+        tests = [
+            [ 100, [ 3, 1, 4, 8 ], [ dlen, 0 ] ],
+            [ 100, [ 3, 3, 3],     [ dlen ]    ],
+            [   4, [ 1, 2, 4, 2 ], [ 4, 4, 1 ] ],
+        ]
+
+        for bufsize, buf_read_sizes, raw_read_sizes in tests:
+            rawio = self.MockFileIO(data)
+            bufio = self.tp(rawio, buffer_size=bufsize)
+            pos = 0
+            for nbytes in buf_read_sizes:
+                self.assertEqual(bufio.read(nbytes), data[pos:pos+nbytes])
+                pos += nbytes
+            # this is mildly implementation-dependent
+            self.assertEqual(rawio.read_history, raw_read_sizes)
+
+    def test_read_non_blocking(self):
+        # Inject some None's in there to simulate EWOULDBLOCK
+        rawio = self.MockRawIO((b"abc", b"d", None, b"efg", None, None, None))
+        bufio = self.tp(rawio)
+        self.assertEqual(b"abcd", bufio.read(6))
+        self.assertEqual(b"e", bufio.read(1))
+        self.assertEqual(b"fg", bufio.read())
+        self.assertEqual(b"", bufio.peek(1))
+        self.assertIsNone(bufio.read())
+        self.assertEqual(b"", bufio.read())
+
+        rawio = self.MockRawIO((b"a", None, None))
+        self.assertEqual(b"a", rawio.readall())
+        self.assertIsNone(rawio.readall())
+
+    def test_read_past_eof(self):
+        rawio = self.MockRawIO((b"abc", b"d", b"efg"))
+        bufio = self.tp(rawio)
+
+        self.assertEqual(b"abcdefg", bufio.read(9000))
+
+    def test_read_all(self):
+        rawio = self.MockRawIO((b"abc", b"d", b"efg"))
+        bufio = self.tp(rawio)
+
+        self.assertEqual(b"abcdefg", bufio.read())
+
+    @unittest.skipUnless(threading, 'Threading required for this test.')
+    @support.requires_resource('cpu')
+    def test_threads(self):
+        try:
+            # Write out many bytes with exactly the same number of 0's,
+            # 1's... 255's. This will help us check that concurrent reading
+            # doesn't duplicate or forget contents.
+            N = 1000
+            l = list(range(256)) * N
+            random.shuffle(l)
+            s = bytes(bytearray(l))
+            with self.open(support.TESTFN, "wb") as f:
+                f.write(s)
+            with self.open(support.TESTFN, self.read_mode, buffering=0) as raw:
+                bufio = self.tp(raw, 8)
+                errors = []
+                results = []
+                def f():
+                    try:
+                        # Intra-buffer read then buffer-flushing read
+                        for n in cycle([1, 19]):
+                            s = bufio.read(n)
+                            if not s:
+                                break
+                            # list.append() is atomic
+                            results.append(s)
+                    except Exception as e:
+                        errors.append(e)
+                        raise
+                threads = [threading.Thread(target=f) for x in range(20)]
+                with support.start_threads(threads):
+                    time.sleep(0.02) # yield
+                self.assertFalse(errors,
+                    "the following exceptions were caught: %r" % errors)
+                s = b''.join(results)
+                for i in range(256):
+                    c = bytes(bytearray([i]))
+                    self.assertEqual(s.count(c), N)
+        finally:
+            support.unlink(support.TESTFN)
+
+    def test_unseekable(self):
+        bufio = self.tp(self.MockUnseekableIO(b"A" * 10))
+        self.assertRaises(self.UnsupportedOperation, bufio.tell)
+        self.assertRaises(self.UnsupportedOperation, bufio.seek, 0)
+        bufio.read(1)
+        self.assertRaises(self.UnsupportedOperation, bufio.seek, 0)
+        self.assertRaises(self.UnsupportedOperation, bufio.tell)
+
+    def test_misbehaved_io(self):
+        rawio = self.MisbehavedRawIO((b"abc", b"d", b"efg"))
+        bufio = self.tp(rawio)
+        self.assertRaises(OSError, bufio.seek, 0)
+        self.assertRaises(OSError, bufio.tell)
+
+    def test_no_extraneous_read(self):
+        # Issue #9550; when the raw IO object has satisfied the read request,
+        # we should not issue any additional reads, otherwise it may block
+        # (e.g. socket).
+        bufsize = 16
+        for n in (2, bufsize - 1, bufsize, bufsize + 1, bufsize * 2):
+            rawio = self.MockRawIO([b"x" * n])
+            bufio = self.tp(rawio, bufsize)
+            self.assertEqual(bufio.read(n), b"x" * n)
+            # Simple case: one raw read is enough to satisfy the request.
+            self.assertEqual(rawio._extraneous_reads, 0,
+                             "failed for {}: {} != 0".format(n, rawio._extraneous_reads))
+            # A more complex case where two raw reads are needed to satisfy
+            # the request.
+            rawio = self.MockRawIO([b"x" * (n - 1), b"x"])
+            bufio = self.tp(rawio, bufsize)
+            self.assertEqual(bufio.read(n), b"x" * n)
+            self.assertEqual(rawio._extraneous_reads, 0,
+                             "failed for {}: {} != 0".format(n, rawio._extraneous_reads))
+
+    def test_read_on_closed(self):
+        # Issue #23796
+        b = io.BufferedReader(io.BytesIO(b"12"))
+        b.read(1)
+        b.close()
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, b.peek)
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, b.read1, 1)
+
+
+class CBufferedReaderTest(BufferedReaderTest, SizeofTest):
+    tp = io.BufferedReader
+
+    def test_constructor(self):
+        BufferedReaderTest.test_constructor(self)
+        # The allocation can succeed on 32-bit builds, e.g. with more
+        # than 2GB RAM and a 64-bit kernel.
+        if sys.maxsize > 0x7FFFFFFF:
+            rawio = self.MockRawIO()
+            bufio = self.tp(rawio)
+            self.assertRaises((OverflowError, MemoryError, ValueError),
+                bufio.__init__, rawio, sys.maxsize)
+
+    def test_initialization(self):
+        rawio = self.MockRawIO([b"abc"])
+        bufio = self.tp(rawio)
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, bufio.__init__, rawio, buffer_size=0)
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, bufio.read)
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, bufio.__init__, rawio, buffer_size=-16)
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, bufio.read)
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, bufio.__init__, rawio, buffer_size=-1)
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, bufio.read)
+
+    def test_misbehaved_io_read(self):
+        rawio = self.MisbehavedRawIO((b"abc", b"d", b"efg"))
+        bufio = self.tp(rawio)
+        # _pyio.BufferedReader seems to implement reading different, so that
+        # checking this is not so easy.
+        self.assertRaises(OSError, bufio.read, 10)
+
+    def test_garbage_collection(self):
+        # C BufferedReader objects are collected.
+        # The Python version has __del__, so it ends into gc.garbage instead
+        with support.check_warnings(('', ResourceWarning)):
+            rawio = self.FileIO(support.TESTFN, "w+b")
+            f = self.tp(rawio)
+            f.f = f
+            wr = weakref.ref(f)
+            del f
+            support.gc_collect()
+        self.assertIsNone(wr(), wr)
+
+    def test_args_error(self):
+        # Issue #17275
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, "BufferedReader"):
+            self.tp(io.BytesIO(), 1024, 1024, 1024)
+
+
+class PyBufferedReaderTest(BufferedReaderTest):
+    tp = pyio.BufferedReader
+
+
+class BufferedWriterTest(unittest.TestCase, CommonBufferedTests):
+    write_mode = "wb"
+
+    def test_constructor(self):
+        rawio = self.MockRawIO()
+        bufio = self.tp(rawio)
+        bufio.__init__(rawio)
+        bufio.__init__(rawio, buffer_size=1024)
+        bufio.__init__(rawio, buffer_size=16)
+        self.assertEqual(3, bufio.write(b"abc"))
+        bufio.flush()
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, bufio.__init__, rawio, buffer_size=0)
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, bufio.__init__, rawio, buffer_size=-16)
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, bufio.__init__, rawio, buffer_size=-1)
+        bufio.__init__(rawio)
+        self.assertEqual(3, bufio.write(b"ghi"))
+        bufio.flush()
+        self.assertEqual(b"".join(rawio._write_stack), b"abcghi")
+
+    def test_uninitialized(self):
+        bufio = self.tp.__new__(self.tp)
+        del bufio
+        bufio = self.tp.__new__(self.tp)
+        self.assertRaisesRegex((ValueError, AttributeError),
+                               'uninitialized|has no attribute',
+                               bufio.write, b'')
+        bufio.__init__(self.MockRawIO())
+        self.assertEqual(bufio.write(b''), 0)
+
+    def test_detach_flush(self):
+        raw = self.MockRawIO()
+        buf = self.tp(raw)
+        buf.write(b"howdy!")
+        self.assertFalse(raw._write_stack)
+        buf.detach()
+        self.assertEqual(raw._write_stack, [b"howdy!"])
+
+    def test_write(self):
+        # Write to the buffered IO but don't overflow the buffer.
+        writer = self.MockRawIO()
+        bufio = self.tp(writer, 8)
+        bufio.write(b"abc")
+        self.assertFalse(writer._write_stack)
+        buffer = bytearray(b"def")
+        bufio.write(buffer)
+        buffer[:] = b"***"  # Overwrite our copy of the data
+        bufio.flush()
+        self.assertEqual(b"".join(writer._write_stack), b"abcdef")
+
+    def test_write_overflow(self):
+        writer = self.MockRawIO()
+        bufio = self.tp(writer, 8)
+        contents = b"abcdefghijklmnop"
+        for n in range(0, len(contents), 3):
+            bufio.write(contents[n:n+3])
+        flushed = b"".join(writer._write_stack)
+        # At least (total - 8) bytes were implicitly flushed, perhaps more
+        # depending on the implementation.
+        self.assertTrue(flushed.startswith(contents[:-8]), flushed)
+
+    def check_writes(self, intermediate_func):
+        # Lots of writes, test the flushed output is as expected.
+        contents = bytes(range(256)) * 1000
+        n = 0
+        writer = self.MockRawIO()
+        bufio = self.tp(writer, 13)
+        # Generator of write sizes: repeat each N 15 times then proceed to N+1
+        def gen_sizes():
+            for size in count(1):
+                for i in range(15):
+                    yield size
+        sizes = gen_sizes()
+        while n < len(contents):
+            size = min(next(sizes), len(contents) - n)
+            self.assertEqual(bufio.write(contents[n:n+size]), size)
+            intermediate_func(bufio)
+            n += size
+        bufio.flush()
+        self.assertEqual(contents, b"".join(writer._write_stack))
+
+    def test_writes(self):
+        self.check_writes(lambda bufio: None)
+
+    def test_writes_and_flushes(self):
+        self.check_writes(lambda bufio: bufio.flush())
+
+    def test_writes_and_seeks(self):
+        def _seekabs(bufio):
+            pos = bufio.tell()
+            bufio.seek(pos + 1, 0)
+            bufio.seek(pos - 1, 0)
+            bufio.seek(pos, 0)
+        self.check_writes(_seekabs)
+        def _seekrel(bufio):
+            pos = bufio.seek(0, 1)
+            bufio.seek(+1, 1)
+            bufio.seek(-1, 1)
+            bufio.seek(pos, 0)
+        self.check_writes(_seekrel)
+
+    def test_writes_and_truncates(self):
+        self.check_writes(lambda bufio: bufio.truncate(bufio.tell()))
+
+    def test_write_non_blocking(self):
+        raw = self.MockNonBlockWriterIO()
+        bufio = self.tp(raw, 8)
+
+        self.assertEqual(bufio.write(b"abcd"), 4)
+        self.assertEqual(bufio.write(b"efghi"), 5)
+        # 1 byte will be written, the rest will be buffered
+        raw.block_on(b"k")
+        self.assertEqual(bufio.write(b"jklmn"), 5)
+
+        # 8 bytes will be written, 8 will be buffered and the rest will be lost
+        raw.block_on(b"0")
+        try:
+            bufio.write(b"opqrwxyz0123456789")
+        except self.BlockingIOError as e:
+            written = e.characters_written
+        else:
+            self.fail("BlockingIOError should have been raised")
+        self.assertEqual(written, 16)
+        self.assertEqual(raw.pop_written(),
+            b"abcdefghijklmnopqrwxyz")
+
+        self.assertEqual(bufio.write(b"ABCDEFGHI"), 9)
+        s = raw.pop_written()
+        # Previously buffered bytes were flushed
+        self.assertTrue(s.startswith(b"01234567A"), s)
+
+    def test_write_and_rewind(self):
+        raw = io.BytesIO()
+        bufio = self.tp(raw, 4)
+        self.assertEqual(bufio.write(b"abcdef"), 6)
+        self.assertEqual(bufio.tell(), 6)
+        bufio.seek(0, 0)
+        self.assertEqual(bufio.write(b"XY"), 2)
+        bufio.seek(6, 0)
+        self.assertEqual(raw.getvalue(), b"XYcdef")
+        self.assertEqual(bufio.write(b"123456"), 6)
+        bufio.flush()
+        self.assertEqual(raw.getvalue(), b"XYcdef123456")
+
+    def test_flush(self):
+        writer = self.MockRawIO()
+        bufio = self.tp(writer, 8)
+        bufio.write(b"abc")
+        bufio.flush()
+        self.assertEqual(b"abc", writer._write_stack[0])
+
+    def test_writelines(self):
+        l = [b'ab', b'cd', b'ef']
+        writer = self.MockRawIO()
+        bufio = self.tp(writer, 8)
+        bufio.writelines(l)
+        bufio.flush()
+        self.assertEqual(b''.join(writer._write_stack), b'abcdef')
+
+    def test_writelines_userlist(self):
+        l = UserList([b'ab', b'cd', b'ef'])
+        writer = self.MockRawIO()
+        bufio = self.tp(writer, 8)
+        bufio.writelines(l)
+        bufio.flush()
+        self.assertEqual(b''.join(writer._write_stack), b'abcdef')
+
+    def test_writelines_error(self):
+        writer = self.MockRawIO()
+        bufio = self.tp(writer, 8)
+        self.assertRaises(TypeError, bufio.writelines, [1, 2, 3])
+        self.assertRaises(TypeError, bufio.writelines, None)
+        self.assertRaises(TypeError, bufio.writelines, 'abc')
+
+    def test_destructor(self):
+        writer = self.MockRawIO()
+        bufio = self.tp(writer, 8)
+        bufio.write(b"abc")
+        del bufio
+        support.gc_collect()
+        self.assertEqual(b"abc", writer._write_stack[0])
+
+    def test_truncate(self):
+        # Truncate implicitly flushes the buffer.
+        with self.open(support.TESTFN, self.write_mode, buffering=0) as raw:
+            bufio = self.tp(raw, 8)
+            bufio.write(b"abcdef")
+            self.assertEqual(bufio.truncate(3), 3)
+            self.assertEqual(bufio.tell(), 6)
+        with self.open(support.TESTFN, "rb", buffering=0) as f:
+            self.assertEqual(f.read(), b"abc")
+
+    @unittest.skipUnless(threading, 'Threading required for this test.')
+    @support.requires_resource('cpu')
+    def test_threads(self):
+        try:
+            # Write out many bytes from many threads and test they were
+            # all flushed.
+            N = 1000
+            contents = bytes(range(256)) * N
+            sizes = cycle([1, 19])
+            n = 0
+            queue = deque()
+            while n < len(contents):
+                size = next(sizes)
+                queue.append(contents[n:n+size])
+                n += size
+            del contents
+            # We use a real file object because it allows us to
+            # exercise situations where the GIL is released before
+            # writing the buffer to the raw streams. This is in addition
+            # to concurrency issues due to switching threads in the middle
+            # of Python code.
+            with self.open(support.TESTFN, self.write_mode, buffering=0) as raw:
+                bufio = self.tp(raw, 8)
+                errors = []
+                def f():
+                    try:
+                        while True:
+                            try:
+                                s = queue.popleft()
+                            except IndexError:
+                                return
+                            bufio.write(s)
+                    except Exception as e:
+                        errors.append(e)
+                        raise
+                threads = [threading.Thread(target=f) for x in range(20)]
+                with support.start_threads(threads):
+                    time.sleep(0.02) # yield
+                self.assertFalse(errors,
+                    "the following exceptions were caught: %r" % errors)
+                bufio.close()
+            with self.open(support.TESTFN, "rb") as f:
+                s = f.read()
+            for i in range(256):
+                self.assertEqual(s.count(bytes([i])), N)
+        finally:
+            support.unlink(support.TESTFN)
+
+    def test_misbehaved_io(self):
+        rawio = self.MisbehavedRawIO()
+        bufio = self.tp(rawio, 5)
+        self.assertRaises(OSError, bufio.seek, 0)
+        self.assertRaises(OSError, bufio.tell)
+        self.assertRaises(OSError, bufio.write, b"abcdef")
+
+    def test_max_buffer_size_removal(self):
+        with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
+            self.tp(self.MockRawIO(), 8, 12)
+
+    def test_write_error_on_close(self):
+        raw = self.MockRawIO()
+        def bad_write(b):
+            raise OSError()
+        raw.write = bad_write
+        b = self.tp(raw)
+        b.write(b'spam')
+        self.assertRaises(OSError, b.close) # exception not swallowed
+        self.assertTrue(b.closed)
+
+
+class CBufferedWriterTest(BufferedWriterTest, SizeofTest):
+    tp = io.BufferedWriter
+
+    def test_constructor(self):
+        BufferedWriterTest.test_constructor(self)
+        # The allocation can succeed on 32-bit builds, e.g. with more
+        # than 2GB RAM and a 64-bit kernel.
+        if sys.maxsize > 0x7FFFFFFF:
+            rawio = self.MockRawIO()
+            bufio = self.tp(rawio)
+            self.assertRaises((OverflowError, MemoryError, ValueError),
+                bufio.__init__, rawio, sys.maxsize)
+
+    def test_initialization(self):
+        rawio = self.MockRawIO()
+        bufio = self.tp(rawio)
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, bufio.__init__, rawio, buffer_size=0)
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, bufio.write, b"def")
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, bufio.__init__, rawio, buffer_size=-16)
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, bufio.write, b"def")
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, bufio.__init__, rawio, buffer_size=-1)
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, bufio.write, b"def")
+
+    def test_garbage_collection(self):
+        # C BufferedWriter objects are collected, and collecting them flushes
+        # all data to disk.
+        # The Python version has __del__, so it ends into gc.garbage instead
+        with support.check_warnings(('', ResourceWarning)):
+            rawio = self.FileIO(support.TESTFN, "w+b")
+            f = self.tp(rawio)
+            f.write(b"123xxx")
+            f.x = f
+            wr = weakref.ref(f)
+            del f
+            support.gc_collect()
+        self.assertIsNone(wr(), wr)
+        with self.open(support.TESTFN, "rb") as f:
+            self.assertEqual(f.read(), b"123xxx")
+
+    def test_args_error(self):
+        # Issue #17275
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, "BufferedWriter"):
+            self.tp(io.BytesIO(), 1024, 1024, 1024)
+
+
+class PyBufferedWriterTest(BufferedWriterTest):
+    tp = pyio.BufferedWriter
+
+class BufferedRWPairTest(unittest.TestCase):
+
+    def test_constructor(self):
+        pair = self.tp(self.MockRawIO(), self.MockRawIO())
+        self.assertFalse(pair.closed)
+
+    def test_uninitialized(self):
+        pair = self.tp.__new__(self.tp)
+        del pair
+        pair = self.tp.__new__(self.tp)
+        self.assertRaisesRegex((ValueError, AttributeError),
+                               'uninitialized|has no attribute',
+                               pair.read, 0)
+        self.assertRaisesRegex((ValueError, AttributeError),
+                               'uninitialized|has no attribute',
+                               pair.write, b'')
+        pair.__init__(self.MockRawIO(), self.MockRawIO())
+        self.assertEqual(pair.read(0), b'')
+        self.assertEqual(pair.write(b''), 0)
+
+    def test_detach(self):
+        pair = self.tp(self.MockRawIO(), self.MockRawIO())
+        self.assertRaises(self.UnsupportedOperation, pair.detach)
+
+    def test_constructor_max_buffer_size_removal(self):
+        with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
+            self.tp(self.MockRawIO(), self.MockRawIO(), 8, 12)
+
+    def test_constructor_with_not_readable(self):
+        class NotReadable(MockRawIO):
+            def readable(self):
+                return False
+
+        self.assertRaises(OSError, self.tp, NotReadable(), self.MockRawIO())
+
+    def test_constructor_with_not_writeable(self):
+        class NotWriteable(MockRawIO):
+            def writable(self):
+                return False
+
+        self.assertRaises(OSError, self.tp, self.MockRawIO(), NotWriteable())
+
+    def test_read(self):
+        pair = self.tp(self.BytesIO(b"abcdef"), self.MockRawIO())
+
+        self.assertEqual(pair.read(3), b"abc")
+        self.assertEqual(pair.read(1), b"d")
+        self.assertEqual(pair.read(), b"ef")
+        pair = self.tp(self.BytesIO(b"abc"), self.MockRawIO())
+        self.assertEqual(pair.read(None), b"abc")
+
+    def test_readlines(self):
+        pair = lambda: self.tp(self.BytesIO(b"abc\ndef\nh"), self.MockRawIO())
+        self.assertEqual(pair().readlines(), [b"abc\n", b"def\n", b"h"])
+        self.assertEqual(pair().readlines(), [b"abc\n", b"def\n", b"h"])
+        self.assertEqual(pair().readlines(5), [b"abc\n", b"def\n"])
+
+    def test_read1(self):
+        # .read1() is delegated to the underlying reader object, so this test
+        # can be shallow.
+        pair = self.tp(self.BytesIO(b"abcdef"), self.MockRawIO())
+
+        self.assertEqual(pair.read1(3), b"abc")
+
+    def test_readinto(self):
+        for method in ("readinto", "readinto1"):
+            with self.subTest(method):
+                pair = self.tp(self.BytesIO(b"abcdef"), self.MockRawIO())
+
+                data = byteslike(b'\0' * 5)
+                self.assertEqual(getattr(pair, method)(data), 5)
+                self.assertEqual(bytes(data), b"abcde")
+
+    def test_write(self):
+        w = self.MockRawIO()
+        pair = self.tp(self.MockRawIO(), w)
+
+        pair.write(b"abc")
+        pair.flush()
+        buffer = bytearray(b"def")
+        pair.write(buffer)
+        buffer[:] = b"***"  # Overwrite our copy of the data
+        pair.flush()
+        self.assertEqual(w._write_stack, [b"abc", b"def"])
+
+    def test_peek(self):
+        pair = self.tp(self.BytesIO(b"abcdef"), self.MockRawIO())
+
+        self.assertTrue(pair.peek(3).startswith(b"abc"))
+        self.assertEqual(pair.read(3), b"abc")
+
+    def test_readable(self):
+        pair = self.tp(self.MockRawIO(), self.MockRawIO())
+        self.assertTrue(pair.readable())
+
+    def test_writeable(self):
+        pair = self.tp(self.MockRawIO(), self.MockRawIO())
+        self.assertTrue(pair.writable())
+
+    def test_seekable(self):
+        # BufferedRWPairs are never seekable, even if their readers and writers
+        # are.
+        pair = self.tp(self.MockRawIO(), self.MockRawIO())
+        self.assertFalse(pair.seekable())
+
+    # .flush() is delegated to the underlying writer object and has been
+    # tested in the test_write method.
+
+    def test_close_and_closed(self):
+        pair = self.tp(self.MockRawIO(), self.MockRawIO())
+        self.assertFalse(pair.closed)
+        pair.close()
+        self.assertTrue(pair.closed)
+
+    def test_reader_close_error_on_close(self):
+        def reader_close():
+            reader_non_existing
+        reader = self.MockRawIO()
+        reader.close = reader_close
+        writer = self.MockRawIO()
+        pair = self.tp(reader, writer)
+        with self.assertRaises(NameError) as err:
+            pair.close()
+        self.assertIn('reader_non_existing', str(err.exception))
+        self.assertTrue(pair.closed)
+        self.assertFalse(reader.closed)
+        self.assertTrue(writer.closed)
+
+    def test_writer_close_error_on_close(self):
+        def writer_close():
+            writer_non_existing
+        reader = self.MockRawIO()
+        writer = self.MockRawIO()
+        writer.close = writer_close
+        pair = self.tp(reader, writer)
+        with self.assertRaises(NameError) as err:
+            pair.close()
+        self.assertIn('writer_non_existing', str(err.exception))
+        self.assertFalse(pair.closed)
+        self.assertTrue(reader.closed)
+        self.assertFalse(writer.closed)
+
+    def test_reader_writer_close_error_on_close(self):
+        def reader_close():
+            reader_non_existing
+        def writer_close():
+            writer_non_existing
+        reader = self.MockRawIO()
+        reader.close = reader_close
+        writer = self.MockRawIO()
+        writer.close = writer_close
+        pair = self.tp(reader, writer)
+        with self.assertRaises(NameError) as err:
+            pair.close()
+        self.assertIn('reader_non_existing', str(err.exception))
+        self.assertIsInstance(err.exception.__context__, NameError)
+        self.assertIn('writer_non_existing', str(err.exception.__context__))
+        self.assertFalse(pair.closed)
+        self.assertFalse(reader.closed)
+        self.assertFalse(writer.closed)
+
+    def test_isatty(self):
+        class SelectableIsAtty(MockRawIO):
+            def __init__(self, isatty):
+                MockRawIO.__init__(self)
+                self._isatty = isatty
+
+            def isatty(self):
+                return self._isatty
+
+        pair = self.tp(SelectableIsAtty(False), SelectableIsAtty(False))
+        self.assertFalse(pair.isatty())
+
+        pair = self.tp(SelectableIsAtty(True), SelectableIsAtty(False))
+        self.assertTrue(pair.isatty())
+
+        pair = self.tp(SelectableIsAtty(False), SelectableIsAtty(True))
+        self.assertTrue(pair.isatty())
+
+        pair = self.tp(SelectableIsAtty(True), SelectableIsAtty(True))
+        self.assertTrue(pair.isatty())
+
+    def test_weakref_clearing(self):
+        brw = self.tp(self.MockRawIO(), self.MockRawIO())
+        ref = weakref.ref(brw)
+        brw = None
+        ref = None # Shouldn't segfault.
+
+class CBufferedRWPairTest(BufferedRWPairTest):
+    tp = io.BufferedRWPair
+
+class PyBufferedRWPairTest(BufferedRWPairTest):
+    tp = pyio.BufferedRWPair
+
+
+class BufferedRandomTest(BufferedReaderTest, BufferedWriterTest):
+    read_mode = "rb+"
+    write_mode = "wb+"
+
+    def test_constructor(self):
+        BufferedReaderTest.test_constructor(self)
+        BufferedWriterTest.test_constructor(self)
+
+    def test_uninitialized(self):
+        BufferedReaderTest.test_uninitialized(self)
+        BufferedWriterTest.test_uninitialized(self)
+
+    def test_read_and_write(self):
+        raw = self.MockRawIO((b"asdf", b"ghjk"))
+        rw = self.tp(raw, 8)
+
+        self.assertEqual(b"as", rw.read(2))
+        rw.write(b"ddd")
+        rw.write(b"eee")
+        self.assertFalse(raw._write_stack) # Buffer writes
+        self.assertEqual(b"ghjk", rw.read())
+        self.assertEqual(b"dddeee", raw._write_stack[0])
+
+    def test_seek_and_tell(self):
+        raw = self.BytesIO(b"asdfghjkl")
+        rw = self.tp(raw)
+
+        self.assertEqual(b"as", rw.read(2))
+        self.assertEqual(2, rw.tell())
+        rw.seek(0, 0)
+        self.assertEqual(b"asdf", rw.read(4))
+
+        rw.write(b"123f")
+        rw.seek(0, 0)
+        self.assertEqual(b"asdf123fl", rw.read())
+        self.assertEqual(9, rw.tell())
+        rw.seek(-4, 2)
+        self.assertEqual(5, rw.tell())
+        rw.seek(2, 1)
+        self.assertEqual(7, rw.tell())
+        self.assertEqual(b"fl", rw.read(11))
+        rw.flush()
+        self.assertEqual(b"asdf123fl", raw.getvalue())
+
+        self.assertRaises(TypeError, rw.seek, 0.0)
+
+    def check_flush_and_read(self, read_func):
+        raw = self.BytesIO(b"abcdefghi")
+        bufio = self.tp(raw)
+
+        self.assertEqual(b"ab", read_func(bufio, 2))
+        bufio.write(b"12")
+        self.assertEqual(b"ef", read_func(bufio, 2))
+        self.assertEqual(6, bufio.tell())
+        bufio.flush()
+        self.assertEqual(6, bufio.tell())
+        self.assertEqual(b"ghi", read_func(bufio))
+        raw.seek(0, 0)
+        raw.write(b"XYZ")
+        # flush() resets the read buffer
+        bufio.flush()
+        bufio.seek(0, 0)
+        self.assertEqual(b"XYZ", read_func(bufio, 3))
+
+    def test_flush_and_read(self):
+        self.check_flush_and_read(lambda bufio, *args: bufio.read(*args))
+
+    def test_flush_and_readinto(self):
+        def _readinto(bufio, n=-1):
+            b = bytearray(n if n >= 0 else 9999)
+            n = bufio.readinto(b)
+            return bytes(b[:n])
+        self.check_flush_and_read(_readinto)
+
+    def test_flush_and_peek(self):
+        def _peek(bufio, n=-1):
+            # This relies on the fact that the buffer can contain the whole
+            # raw stream, otherwise peek() can return less.
+            b = bufio.peek(n)
+            if n != -1:
+                b = b[:n]
+            bufio.seek(len(b), 1)
+            return b
+        self.check_flush_and_read(_peek)
+
+    def test_flush_and_write(self):
+        raw = self.BytesIO(b"abcdefghi")
+        bufio = self.tp(raw)
+
+        bufio.write(b"123")
+        bufio.flush()
+        bufio.write(b"45")
+        bufio.flush()
+        bufio.seek(0, 0)
+        self.assertEqual(b"12345fghi", raw.getvalue())
+        self.assertEqual(b"12345fghi", bufio.read())
+
+    def test_threads(self):
+        BufferedReaderTest.test_threads(self)
+        BufferedWriterTest.test_threads(self)
+
+    def test_writes_and_peek(self):
+        def _peek(bufio):
+            bufio.peek(1)
+        self.check_writes(_peek)
+        def _peek(bufio):
+            pos = bufio.tell()
+            bufio.seek(-1, 1)
+            bufio.peek(1)
+            bufio.seek(pos, 0)
+        self.check_writes(_peek)
+
+    def test_writes_and_reads(self):
+        def _read(bufio):
+            bufio.seek(-1, 1)
+            bufio.read(1)
+        self.check_writes(_read)
+
+    def test_writes_and_read1s(self):
+        def _read1(bufio):
+            bufio.seek(-1, 1)
+            bufio.read1(1)
+        self.check_writes(_read1)
+
+    def test_writes_and_readintos(self):
+        def _read(bufio):
+            bufio.seek(-1, 1)
+            bufio.readinto(bytearray(1))
+        self.check_writes(_read)
+
+    def test_write_after_readahead(self):
+        # Issue #6629: writing after the buffer was filled by readahead should
+        # first rewind the raw stream.
+        for overwrite_size in [1, 5]:
+            raw = self.BytesIO(b"A" * 10)
+            bufio = self.tp(raw, 4)
+            # Trigger readahead
+            self.assertEqual(bufio.read(1), b"A")
+            self.assertEqual(bufio.tell(), 1)
+            # Overwriting should rewind the raw stream if it needs so
+            bufio.write(b"B" * overwrite_size)
+            self.assertEqual(bufio.tell(), overwrite_size + 1)
+            # If the write size was smaller than the buffer size, flush() and
+            # check that rewind happens.
+            bufio.flush()
+            self.assertEqual(bufio.tell(), overwrite_size + 1)
+            s = raw.getvalue()
+            self.assertEqual(s,
+                b"A" + b"B" * overwrite_size + b"A" * (9 - overwrite_size))
+
+    def test_write_rewind_write(self):
+        # Various combinations of reading / writing / seeking backwards / writing again
+        def mutate(bufio, pos1, pos2):
+            assert pos2 >= pos1
+            # Fill the buffer
+            bufio.seek(pos1)
+            bufio.read(pos2 - pos1)
+            bufio.write(b'\x02')
+            # This writes earlier than the previous write, but still inside
+            # the buffer.
+            bufio.seek(pos1)
+            bufio.write(b'\x01')
+
+        b = b"\x80\x81\x82\x83\x84"
+        for i in range(0, len(b)):
+            for j in range(i, len(b)):
+                raw = self.BytesIO(b)
+                bufio = self.tp(raw, 100)
+                mutate(bufio, i, j)
+                bufio.flush()
+                expected = bytearray(b)
+                expected[j] = 2
+                expected[i] = 1
+                self.assertEqual(raw.getvalue(), expected,
+                                 "failed result for i=%d, j=%d" % (i, j))
+
+    def test_truncate_after_read_or_write(self):
+        raw = self.BytesIO(b"A" * 10)
+        bufio = self.tp(raw, 100)
+        self.assertEqual(bufio.read(2), b"AA") # the read buffer gets filled
+        self.assertEqual(bufio.truncate(), 2)
+        self.assertEqual(bufio.write(b"BB"), 2) # the write buffer increases
+        self.assertEqual(bufio.truncate(), 4)
+
+    def test_misbehaved_io(self):
+        BufferedReaderTest.test_misbehaved_io(self)
+        BufferedWriterTest.test_misbehaved_io(self)
+
+    def test_interleaved_read_write(self):
+        # Test for issue #12213
+        with self.BytesIO(b'abcdefgh') as raw:
+            with self.tp(raw, 100) as f:
+                f.write(b"1")
+                self.assertEqual(f.read(1), b'b')
+                f.write(b'2')
+                self.assertEqual(f.read1(1), b'd')
+                f.write(b'3')
+                buf = bytearray(1)
+                f.readinto(buf)
+                self.assertEqual(buf, b'f')
+                f.write(b'4')
+                self.assertEqual(f.peek(1), b'h')
+                f.flush()
+                self.assertEqual(raw.getvalue(), b'1b2d3f4h')
+
+        with self.BytesIO(b'abc') as raw:
+            with self.tp(raw, 100) as f:
+                self.assertEqual(f.read(1), b'a')
+                f.write(b"2")
+                self.assertEqual(f.read(1), b'c')
+                f.flush()
+                self.assertEqual(raw.getvalue(), b'a2c')
+
+    def test_interleaved_readline_write(self):
+        with self.BytesIO(b'ab\ncdef\ng\n') as raw:
+            with self.tp(raw) as f:
+                f.write(b'1')
+                self.assertEqual(f.readline(), b'b\n')
+                f.write(b'2')
+                self.assertEqual(f.readline(), b'def\n')
+                f.write(b'3')
+                self.assertEqual(f.readline(), b'\n')
+                f.flush()
+                self.assertEqual(raw.getvalue(), b'1b\n2def\n3\n')
+
+    # You can't construct a BufferedRandom over a non-seekable stream.
+    test_unseekable = None
+
+
+class CBufferedRandomTest(BufferedRandomTest, SizeofTest):
+    tp = io.BufferedRandom
+
+    def test_constructor(self):
+        BufferedRandomTest.test_constructor(self)
+        # The allocation can succeed on 32-bit builds, e.g. with more
+        # than 2GB RAM and a 64-bit kernel.
+        if sys.maxsize > 0x7FFFFFFF:
+            rawio = self.MockRawIO()
+            bufio = self.tp(rawio)
+            self.assertRaises((OverflowError, MemoryError, ValueError),
+                bufio.__init__, rawio, sys.maxsize)
+
+    def test_garbage_collection(self):
+        CBufferedReaderTest.test_garbage_collection(self)
+        CBufferedWriterTest.test_garbage_collection(self)
+
+    def test_args_error(self):
+        # Issue #17275
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, "BufferedRandom"):
+            self.tp(io.BytesIO(), 1024, 1024, 1024)
+
+
+class PyBufferedRandomTest(BufferedRandomTest):
+    tp = pyio.BufferedRandom
+
+
+# To fully exercise seek/tell, the StatefulIncrementalDecoder has these
+# properties:
+#   - A single output character can correspond to many bytes of input.
+#   - The number of input bytes to complete the character can be
+#     undetermined until the last input byte is received.
+#   - The number of input bytes can vary depending on previous input.
+#   - A single input byte can correspond to many characters of output.
+#   - The number of output characters can be undetermined until the
+#     last input byte is received.
+#   - The number of output characters can vary depending on previous input.
+
+class StatefulIncrementalDecoder(codecs.IncrementalDecoder):
+    """
+    For testing seek/tell behavior with a stateful, buffering decoder.
+
+    Input is a sequence of words.  Words may be fixed-length (length set
+    by input) or variable-length (period-terminated).  In variable-length
+    mode, extra periods are ignored.  Possible words are:
+      - 'i' followed by a number sets the input length, I (maximum 99).
+        When I is set to 0, words are space-terminated.
+      - 'o' followed by a number sets the output length, O (maximum 99).
+      - Any other word is converted into a word followed by a period on
+        the output.  The output word consists of the input word truncated
+        or padded out with hyphens to make its length equal to O.  If O
+        is 0, the word is output verbatim without truncating or padding.
+    I and O are initially set to 1.  When I changes, any buffered input is
+    re-scanned according to the new I.  EOF also terminates the last word.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, errors='strict'):
+        codecs.IncrementalDecoder.__init__(self, errors)
+        self.reset()
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return '<SID %x>' % id(self)
+
+    def reset(self):
+        self.i = 1
+        self.o = 1
+        self.buffer = bytearray()
+
+    def getstate(self):
+        i, o = self.i ^ 1, self.o ^ 1 # so that flags = 0 after reset()
+        return bytes(self.buffer), i*100 + o
+
+    def setstate(self, state):
+        buffer, io = state
+        self.buffer = bytearray(buffer)
+        i, o = divmod(io, 100)
+        self.i, self.o = i ^ 1, o ^ 1
+
+    def decode(self, input, final=False):
+        output = ''
+        for b in input:
+            if self.i == 0: # variable-length, terminated with period
+                if b == ord('.'):
+                    if self.buffer:
+                        output += self.process_word()
+                else:
+                    self.buffer.append(b)
+            else: # fixed-length, terminate after self.i bytes
+                self.buffer.append(b)
+                if len(self.buffer) == self.i:
+                    output += self.process_word()
+        if final and self.buffer: # EOF terminates the last word
+            output += self.process_word()
+        return output
+
+    def process_word(self):
+        output = ''
+        if self.buffer[0] == ord('i'):
+            self.i = min(99, int(self.buffer[1:] or 0)) # set input length
+        elif self.buffer[0] == ord('o'):
+            self.o = min(99, int(self.buffer[1:] or 0)) # set output length
+        else:
+            output = self.buffer.decode('ascii')
+            if len(output) < self.o:
+                output += '-'*self.o # pad out with hyphens
+            if self.o:
+                output = output[:self.o] # truncate to output length
+            output += '.'
+        self.buffer = bytearray()
+        return output
+
+    codecEnabled = False
+
+    @classmethod
+    def lookupTestDecoder(cls, name):
+        if cls.codecEnabled and name == 'test_decoder':
+            latin1 = codecs.lookup('latin-1')
+            return codecs.CodecInfo(
+                name='test_decoder', encode=latin1.encode, decode=None,
+                incrementalencoder=None,
+                streamreader=None, streamwriter=None,
+                incrementaldecoder=cls)
+
+# Register the previous decoder for testing.
+# Disabled by default, tests will enable it.
+codecs.register(StatefulIncrementalDecoder.lookupTestDecoder)
+
+
+class StatefulIncrementalDecoderTest(unittest.TestCase):
+    """
+    Make sure the StatefulIncrementalDecoder actually works.
+    """
+
+    test_cases = [
+        # I=1, O=1 (fixed-length input == fixed-length output)
+        (b'abcd', False, 'a.b.c.d.'),
+        # I=0, O=0 (variable-length input, variable-length output)
+        (b'oiabcd', True, 'abcd.'),
+        # I=0, O=0 (should ignore extra periods)
+        (b'oi...abcd...', True, 'abcd.'),
+        # I=0, O=6 (variable-length input, fixed-length output)
+        (b'i.o6.x.xyz.toolongtofit.', False, 'x-----.xyz---.toolon.'),
+        # I=2, O=6 (fixed-length input < fixed-length output)
+        (b'i.i2.o6xyz', True, 'xy----.z-----.'),
+        # I=6, O=3 (fixed-length input > fixed-length output)
+        (b'i.o3.i6.abcdefghijklmnop', True, 'abc.ghi.mno.'),
+        # I=0, then 3; O=29, then 15 (with longer output)
+        (b'i.o29.a.b.cde.o15.abcdefghijabcdefghij.i3.a.b.c.d.ei00k.l.m', True,
+         'a----------------------------.' +
+         'b----------------------------.' +
+         'cde--------------------------.' +
+         'abcdefghijabcde.' +
+         'a.b------------.' +
+         '.c.------------.' +
+         'd.e------------.' +
+         'k--------------.' +
+         'l--------------.' +
+         'm--------------.')
+    ]
+
+    def test_decoder(self):
+        # Try a few one-shot test cases.
+        for input, eof, output in self.test_cases:
+            d = StatefulIncrementalDecoder()
+            self.assertEqual(d.decode(input, eof), output)
+
+        # Also test an unfinished decode, followed by forcing EOF.
+        d = StatefulIncrementalDecoder()
+        self.assertEqual(d.decode(b'oiabcd'), '')
+        self.assertEqual(d.decode(b'', 1), 'abcd.')
+
+class TextIOWrapperTest(unittest.TestCase):
+
+    def setUp(self):
+        self.testdata = b"AAA\r\nBBB\rCCC\r\nDDD\nEEE\r\n"
+        self.normalized = b"AAA\nBBB\nCCC\nDDD\nEEE\n".decode("ascii")
+        support.unlink(support.TESTFN)
+
+    def tearDown(self):
+        support.unlink(support.TESTFN)
+
+    def test_constructor(self):
+        r = self.BytesIO(b"\xc3\xa9\n\n")
+        b = self.BufferedReader(r, 1000)
+        t = self.TextIOWrapper(b)
+        t.__init__(b, encoding="latin-1", newline="\r\n")
+        self.assertEqual(t.encoding, "latin-1")
+        self.assertEqual(t.line_buffering, False)
+        t.__init__(b, encoding="utf-8", line_buffering=True)
+        self.assertEqual(t.encoding, "utf-8")
+        self.assertEqual(t.line_buffering, True)
+        self.assertEqual("\xe9\n", t.readline())
+        self.assertRaises(TypeError, t.__init__, b, newline=42)
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, t.__init__, b, newline='xyzzy')
+
+    def test_uninitialized(self):
+        t = self.TextIOWrapper.__new__(self.TextIOWrapper)
+        del t
+        t = self.TextIOWrapper.__new__(self.TextIOWrapper)
+        self.assertRaises(Exception, repr, t)
+        self.assertRaisesRegex((ValueError, AttributeError),
+                               'uninitialized|has no attribute',
+                               t.read, 0)
+        t.__init__(self.MockRawIO())
+        self.assertEqual(t.read(0), '')
+
+    def test_non_text_encoding_codecs_are_rejected(self):
+        # Ensure the constructor complains if passed a codec that isn't
+        # marked as a text encoding
+        # http://bugs.python.org/issue20404
+        r = self.BytesIO()
+        b = self.BufferedWriter(r)
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(LookupError, "is not a text encoding"):
+            self.TextIOWrapper(b, encoding="hex")
+
+    def test_detach(self):
+        r = self.BytesIO()
+        b = self.BufferedWriter(r)
+        t = self.TextIOWrapper(b)
+        self.assertIs(t.detach(), b)
+
+        t = self.TextIOWrapper(b, encoding="ascii")
+        t.write("howdy")
+        self.assertFalse(r.getvalue())
+        t.detach()
+        self.assertEqual(r.getvalue(), b"howdy")
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, t.detach)
+
+        # Operations independent of the detached stream should still work
+        repr(t)
+        self.assertEqual(t.encoding, "ascii")
+        self.assertEqual(t.errors, "strict")
+        self.assertFalse(t.line_buffering)
+
+    def test_repr(self):
+        raw = self.BytesIO("hello".encode("utf-8"))
+        b = self.BufferedReader(raw)
+        t = self.TextIOWrapper(b, encoding="utf-8")
+        modname = self.TextIOWrapper.__module__
+        self.assertEqual(repr(t),
+                         "<%s.TextIOWrapper encoding='utf-8'>" % modname)
+        raw.name = "dummy"
+        self.assertEqual(repr(t),
+                         "<%s.TextIOWrapper name='dummy' encoding='utf-8'>" % modname)
+        t.mode = "r"
+        self.assertEqual(repr(t),
+                         "<%s.TextIOWrapper name='dummy' mode='r' encoding='utf-8'>" % modname)
+        raw.name = b"dummy"
+        self.assertEqual(repr(t),
+                         "<%s.TextIOWrapper name=b'dummy' mode='r' encoding='utf-8'>" % modname)
+
+        t.buffer.detach()
+        repr(t)  # Should not raise an exception
+
+    def test_recursive_repr(self):
+        # Issue #25455
+        raw = self.BytesIO()
+        t = self.TextIOWrapper(raw)
+        with support.swap_attr(raw, 'name', t):
+            try:
+                repr(t)  # Should not crash
+            except RuntimeError:
+                pass
+
+    def test_line_buffering(self):
+        r = self.BytesIO()
+        b = self.BufferedWriter(r, 1000)
+        t = self.TextIOWrapper(b, newline="\n", line_buffering=True)
+        t.write("X")
+        self.assertEqual(r.getvalue(), b"")  # No flush happened
+        t.write("Y\nZ")
+        self.assertEqual(r.getvalue(), b"XY\nZ")  # All got flushed
+        t.write("A\rB")
+        self.assertEqual(r.getvalue(), b"XY\nZA\rB")
+
+    def test_default_encoding(self):
+        old_environ = dict(os.environ)
+        try:
+            # try to get a user preferred encoding different than the current
+            # locale encoding to check that TextIOWrapper() uses the current
+            # locale encoding and not the user preferred encoding
+            for key in ('LC_ALL', 'LANG', 'LC_CTYPE'):
+                if key in os.environ:
+                    del os.environ[key]
+
+            current_locale_encoding = locale.getpreferredencoding(False)
+            b = self.BytesIO()
+            t = self.TextIOWrapper(b)
+            self.assertEqual(t.encoding, current_locale_encoding)
+        finally:
+            os.environ.clear()
+            os.environ.update(old_environ)
+
+    @support.cpython_only
+    def test_device_encoding(self):
+        # Issue 15989
+        import _testcapi
+        b = self.BytesIO()
+        b.fileno = lambda: _testcapi.INT_MAX + 1
+        self.assertRaises(OverflowError, self.TextIOWrapper, b)
+        b.fileno = lambda: _testcapi.UINT_MAX + 1
+        self.assertRaises(OverflowError, self.TextIOWrapper, b)
+
+    def test_encoding(self):
+        # Check the encoding attribute is always set, and valid
+        b = self.BytesIO()
+        t = self.TextIOWrapper(b, encoding="utf-8")
+        self.assertEqual(t.encoding, "utf-8")
+        t = self.TextIOWrapper(b)
+        self.assertIsNotNone(t.encoding)
+        codecs.lookup(t.encoding)
+
+    def test_encoding_errors_reading(self):
+        # (1) default
+        b = self.BytesIO(b"abc\n\xff\n")
+        t = self.TextIOWrapper(b, encoding="ascii")
+        self.assertRaises(UnicodeError, t.read)
+        # (2) explicit strict
+        b = self.BytesIO(b"abc\n\xff\n")
+        t = self.TextIOWrapper(b, encoding="ascii", errors="strict")
+        self.assertRaises(UnicodeError, t.read)
+        # (3) ignore
+        b = self.BytesIO(b"abc\n\xff\n")
+        t = self.TextIOWrapper(b, encoding="ascii", errors="ignore")
+        self.assertEqual(t.read(), "abc\n\n")
+        # (4) replace
+        b = self.BytesIO(b"abc\n\xff\n")
+        t = self.TextIOWrapper(b, encoding="ascii", errors="replace")
+        self.assertEqual(t.read(), "abc\n\ufffd\n")
+
+    def test_encoding_errors_writing(self):
+        # (1) default
+        b = self.BytesIO()
+        t = self.TextIOWrapper(b, encoding="ascii")
+        self.assertRaises(UnicodeError, t.write, "\xff")
+        # (2) explicit strict
+        b = self.BytesIO()
+        t = self.TextIOWrapper(b, encoding="ascii", errors="strict")
+        self.assertRaises(UnicodeError, t.write, "\xff")
+        # (3) ignore
+        b = self.BytesIO()
+        t = self.TextIOWrapper(b, encoding="ascii", errors="ignore",
+                             newline="\n")
+        t.write("abc\xffdef\n")
+        t.flush()
+        self.assertEqual(b.getvalue(), b"abcdef\n")
+        # (4) replace
+        b = self.BytesIO()
+        t = self.TextIOWrapper(b, encoding="ascii", errors="replace",
+                             newline="\n")
+        t.write("abc\xffdef\n")
+        t.flush()
+        self.assertEqual(b.getvalue(), b"abc?def\n")
+
+    def test_newlines(self):
+        input_lines = [ "unix\n", "windows\r\n", "os9\r", "last\n", "nonl" ]
+
+        tests = [
+            [ None, [ 'unix\n', 'windows\n', 'os9\n', 'last\n', 'nonl' ] ],
+            [ '', input_lines ],
+            [ '\n', [ "unix\n", "windows\r\n", "os9\rlast\n", "nonl" ] ],
+            [ '\r\n', [ "unix\nwindows\r\n", "os9\rlast\nnonl" ] ],
+            [ '\r', [ "unix\nwindows\r", "\nos9\r", "last\nnonl" ] ],
+        ]
+        encodings = (
+            'utf-8', 'latin-1',
+            'utf-16', 'utf-16-le', 'utf-16-be',
+            'utf-32', 'utf-32-le', 'utf-32-be',
+        )
+
+        # Try a range of buffer sizes to test the case where \r is the last
+        # character in TextIOWrapper._pending_line.
+        for encoding in encodings:
+            # XXX: str.encode() should return bytes
+            data = bytes(''.join(input_lines).encode(encoding))
+            for do_reads in (False, True):
+                for bufsize in range(1, 10):
+                    for newline, exp_lines in tests:
+                        bufio = self.BufferedReader(self.BytesIO(data), bufsize)
+                        textio = self.TextIOWrapper(bufio, newline=newline,
+                                                  encoding=encoding)
+                        if do_reads:
+                            got_lines = []
+                            while True:
+                                c2 = textio.read(2)
+                                if c2 == '':
+                                    break
+                                self.assertEqual(len(c2), 2)
+                                got_lines.append(c2 + textio.readline())
+                        else:
+                            got_lines = list(textio)
+
+                        for got_line, exp_line in zip(got_lines, exp_lines):
+                            self.assertEqual(got_line, exp_line)
+                        self.assertEqual(len(got_lines), len(exp_lines))
+
+    def test_newlines_input(self):
+        testdata = b"AAA\nBB\x00B\nCCC\rDDD\rEEE\r\nFFF\r\nGGG"
+        normalized = testdata.replace(b"\r\n", b"\n").replace(b"\r", b"\n")
+        for newline, expected in [
+            (None, normalized.decode("ascii").splitlines(keepends=True)),
+            ("", testdata.decode("ascii").splitlines(keepends=True)),
+            ("\n", ["AAA\n", "BB\x00B\n", "CCC\rDDD\rEEE\r\n", "FFF\r\n", "GGG"]),
+            ("\r\n", ["AAA\nBB\x00B\nCCC\rDDD\rEEE\r\n", "FFF\r\n", "GGG"]),
+            ("\r",  ["AAA\nBB\x00B\nCCC\r", "DDD\r", "EEE\r", "\nFFF\r", "\nGGG"]),
+            ]:
+            buf = self.BytesIO(testdata)
+            txt = self.TextIOWrapper(buf, encoding="ascii", newline=newline)
+            self.assertEqual(txt.readlines(), expected)
+            txt.seek(0)
+            self.assertEqual(txt.read(), "".join(expected))
+
+    def test_newlines_output(self):
+        testdict = {
+            "": b"AAA\nBBB\nCCC\nX\rY\r\nZ",
+            "\n": b"AAA\nBBB\nCCC\nX\rY\r\nZ",
+            "\r": b"AAA\rBBB\rCCC\rX\rY\r\rZ",
+            "\r\n": b"AAA\r\nBBB\r\nCCC\r\nX\rY\r\r\nZ",
+            }
+        tests = [(None, testdict[os.linesep])] + sorted(testdict.items())
+        for newline, expected in tests:
+            buf = self.BytesIO()
+            txt = self.TextIOWrapper(buf, encoding="ascii", newline=newline)
+            txt.write("AAA\nB")
+            txt.write("BB\nCCC\n")
+            txt.write("X\rY\r\nZ")
+            txt.flush()
+            self.assertEqual(buf.closed, False)
+            self.assertEqual(buf.getvalue(), expected)
+
+    def test_destructor(self):
+        l = []
+        base = self.BytesIO
+        class MyBytesIO(base):
+            def close(self):
+                l.append(self.getvalue())
+                base.close(self)
+        b = MyBytesIO()
+        t = self.TextIOWrapper(b, encoding="ascii")
+        t.write("abc")
+        del t
+        support.gc_collect()
+        self.assertEqual([b"abc"], l)
+
+    def test_override_destructor(self):
+        record = []
+        class MyTextIO(self.TextIOWrapper):
+            def __del__(self):
+                record.append(1)
+                try:
+                    f = super().__del__
+                except AttributeError:
+                    pass
+                else:
+                    f()
+            def close(self):
+                record.append(2)
+                super().close()
+            def flush(self):
+                record.append(3)
+                super().flush()
+        b = self.BytesIO()
+        t = MyTextIO(b, encoding="ascii")
+        del t
+        support.gc_collect()
+        self.assertEqual(record, [1, 2, 3])
+
+    def test_error_through_destructor(self):
+        # Test that the exception state is not modified by a destructor,
+        # even if close() fails.
+        rawio = self.CloseFailureIO()
+        def f():
+            self.TextIOWrapper(rawio).xyzzy
+        with support.captured_output("stderr") as s:
+            self.assertRaises(AttributeError, f)
+        s = s.getvalue().strip()
+        if s:
+            # The destructor *may* have printed an unraisable error, check it
+            self.assertEqual(len(s.splitlines()), 1)
+            self.assertTrue(s.startswith("Exception OSError: "), s)
+            self.assertTrue(s.endswith(" ignored"), s)
+
+    # Systematic tests of the text I/O API
+
+    def test_basic_io(self):
+        for chunksize in (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 15, 16, 17, 31, 32, 33, 63, 64, 65):
+            for enc in "ascii", "latin-1", "utf-8" :# , "utf-16-be", "utf-16-le":
+                f = self.open(support.TESTFN, "w+", encoding=enc)
+                f._CHUNK_SIZE = chunksize
+                self.assertEqual(f.write("abc"), 3)
+                f.close()
+                f = self.open(support.TESTFN, "r+", encoding=enc)
+                f._CHUNK_SIZE = chunksize
+                self.assertEqual(f.tell(), 0)
+                self.assertEqual(f.read(), "abc")
+                cookie = f.tell()
+                self.assertEqual(f.seek(0), 0)
+                self.assertEqual(f.read(None), "abc")
+                f.seek(0)
+                self.assertEqual(f.read(2), "ab")
+                self.assertEqual(f.read(1), "c")
+                self.assertEqual(f.read(1), "")
+                self.assertEqual(f.read(), "")
+                self.assertEqual(f.tell(), cookie)
+                self.assertEqual(f.seek(0), 0)
+                self.assertEqual(f.seek(0, 2), cookie)
+                self.assertEqual(f.write("def"), 3)
+                self.assertEqual(f.seek(cookie), cookie)
+                self.assertEqual(f.read(), "def")
+                if enc.startswith("utf"):
+                    self.multi_line_test(f, enc)
+                f.close()
+
+    def multi_line_test(self, f, enc):
+        f.seek(0)
+        f.truncate()
+        sample = "s\xff\u0fff\uffff"
+        wlines = []
+        for size in (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 30, 31, 32, 33, 62, 63, 64, 65, 1000):
+            chars = []
+            for i in range(size):
+                chars.append(sample[i % len(sample)])
+            line = "".join(chars) + "\n"
+            wlines.append((f.tell(), line))
+            f.write(line)
+        f.seek(0)
+        rlines = []
+        while True:
+            pos = f.tell()
+            line = f.readline()
+            if not line:
+                break
+            rlines.append((pos, line))
+        self.assertEqual(rlines, wlines)
+
+    def test_telling(self):
+        f = self.open(support.TESTFN, "w+", encoding="utf-8")
+        p0 = f.tell()
+        f.write("\xff\n")
+        p1 = f.tell()
+        f.write("\xff\n")
+        p2 = f.tell()
+        f.seek(0)
+        self.assertEqual(f.tell(), p0)
+        self.assertEqual(f.readline(), "\xff\n")
+        self.assertEqual(f.tell(), p1)
+        self.assertEqual(f.readline(), "\xff\n")
+        self.assertEqual(f.tell(), p2)
+        f.seek(0)
+        for line in f:
+            self.assertEqual(line, "\xff\n")
+            self.assertRaises(OSError, f.tell)
+        self.assertEqual(f.tell(), p2)
+        f.close()
+
+    def test_seeking(self):
+        chunk_size = _default_chunk_size()
+        prefix_size = chunk_size - 2
+        u_prefix = "a" * prefix_size
+        prefix = bytes(u_prefix.encode("utf-8"))
+        self.assertEqual(len(u_prefix), len(prefix))
+        u_suffix = "\u8888\n"
+        suffix = bytes(u_suffix.encode("utf-8"))
+        line = prefix + suffix
+        with self.open(support.TESTFN, "wb") as f:
+            f.write(line*2)
+        with self.open(support.TESTFN, "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+            s = f.read(prefix_size)
+            self.assertEqual(s, str(prefix, "ascii"))
+            self.assertEqual(f.tell(), prefix_size)
+            self.assertEqual(f.readline(), u_suffix)
+
+    def test_seeking_too(self):
+        # Regression test for a specific bug
+        data = b'\xe0\xbf\xbf\n'
+        with self.open(support.TESTFN, "wb") as f:
+            f.write(data)
+        with self.open(support.TESTFN, "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+            f._CHUNK_SIZE  # Just test that it exists
+            f._CHUNK_SIZE = 2
+            f.readline()
+            f.tell()
+
+    def test_seek_and_tell(self):
+        #Test seek/tell using the StatefulIncrementalDecoder.
+        # Make test faster by doing smaller seeks
+        CHUNK_SIZE = 128
+
+        def test_seek_and_tell_with_data(data, min_pos=0):
+            """Tell/seek to various points within a data stream and ensure
+            that the decoded data returned by read() is consistent."""
+            f = self.open(support.TESTFN, 'wb')
+            f.write(data)
+            f.close()
+            f = self.open(support.TESTFN, encoding='test_decoder')
+            f._CHUNK_SIZE = CHUNK_SIZE
+            decoded = f.read()
+            f.close()
+
+            for i in range(min_pos, len(decoded) + 1): # seek positions
+                for j in [1, 5, len(decoded) - i]: # read lengths
+                    f = self.open(support.TESTFN, encoding='test_decoder')
+                    self.assertEqual(f.read(i), decoded[:i])
+                    cookie = f.tell()
+                    self.assertEqual(f.read(j), decoded[i:i + j])
+                    f.seek(cookie)
+                    self.assertEqual(f.read(), decoded[i:])
+                    f.close()
+
+        # Enable the test decoder.
+        StatefulIncrementalDecoder.codecEnabled = 1
+
+        # Run the tests.
+        try:
+            # Try each test case.
+            for input, _, _ in StatefulIncrementalDecoderTest.test_cases:
+                test_seek_and_tell_with_data(input)
+
+            # Position each test case so that it crosses a chunk boundary.
+            for input, _, _ in StatefulIncrementalDecoderTest.test_cases:
+                offset = CHUNK_SIZE - len(input)//2
+                prefix = b'.'*offset
+                # Don't bother seeking into the prefix (takes too long).
+                min_pos = offset*2
+                test_seek_and_tell_with_data(prefix + input, min_pos)
+
+        # Ensure our test decoder won't interfere with subsequent tests.
+        finally:
+            StatefulIncrementalDecoder.codecEnabled = 0
+
+    def test_encoded_writes(self):
+        data = "1234567890"
+        tests = ("utf-16",
+                 "utf-16-le",
+                 "utf-16-be",
+                 "utf-32",
+                 "utf-32-le",
+                 "utf-32-be")
+        for encoding in tests:
+            buf = self.BytesIO()
+            f = self.TextIOWrapper(buf, encoding=encoding)
+            # Check if the BOM is written only once (see issue1753).
+            f.write(data)
+            f.write(data)
+            f.seek(0)
+            self.assertEqual(f.read(), data * 2)
+            f.seek(0)
+            self.assertEqual(f.read(), data * 2)
+            self.assertEqual(buf.getvalue(), (data * 2).encode(encoding))
+
+    def test_unreadable(self):
+        class UnReadable(self.BytesIO):
+            def readable(self):
+                return False
+        txt = self.TextIOWrapper(UnReadable())
+        self.assertRaises(OSError, txt.read)
+
+    def test_read_one_by_one(self):
+        txt = self.TextIOWrapper(self.BytesIO(b"AA\r\nBB"))
+        reads = ""
+        while True:
+            c = txt.read(1)
+            if not c:
+                break
+            reads += c
+        self.assertEqual(reads, "AA\nBB")
+
+    def test_readlines(self):
+        txt = self.TextIOWrapper(self.BytesIO(b"AA\nBB\nCC"))
+        self.assertEqual(txt.readlines(), ["AA\n", "BB\n", "CC"])
+        txt.seek(0)
+        self.assertEqual(txt.readlines(None), ["AA\n", "BB\n", "CC"])
+        txt.seek(0)
+        self.assertEqual(txt.readlines(5), ["AA\n", "BB\n"])
+
+    # read in amounts equal to TextIOWrapper._CHUNK_SIZE which is 128.
+    def test_read_by_chunk(self):
+        # make sure "\r\n" straddles 128 char boundary.
+        txt = self.TextIOWrapper(self.BytesIO(b"A" * 127 + b"\r\nB"))
+        reads = ""
+        while True:
+            c = txt.read(128)
+            if not c:
+                break
+            reads += c
+        self.assertEqual(reads, "A"*127+"\nB")
+
+    def test_writelines(self):
+        l = ['ab', 'cd', 'ef']
+        buf = self.BytesIO()
+        txt = self.TextIOWrapper(buf)
+        txt.writelines(l)
+        txt.flush()
+        self.assertEqual(buf.getvalue(), b'abcdef')
+
+    def test_writelines_userlist(self):
+        l = UserList(['ab', 'cd', 'ef'])
+        buf = self.BytesIO()
+        txt = self.TextIOWrapper(buf)
+        txt.writelines(l)
+        txt.flush()
+        self.assertEqual(buf.getvalue(), b'abcdef')
+
+    def test_writelines_error(self):
+        txt = self.TextIOWrapper(self.BytesIO())
+        self.assertRaises(TypeError, txt.writelines, [1, 2, 3])
+        self.assertRaises(TypeError, txt.writelines, None)
+        self.assertRaises(TypeError, txt.writelines, b'abc')
+
+    def test_issue1395_1(self):
+        txt = self.TextIOWrapper(self.BytesIO(self.testdata), encoding="ascii")
+
+        # read one char at a time
+        reads = ""
+        while True:
+            c = txt.read(1)
+            if not c:
+                break
+            reads += c
+        self.assertEqual(reads, self.normalized)
+
+    def test_issue1395_2(self):
+        txt = self.TextIOWrapper(self.BytesIO(self.testdata), encoding="ascii")
+        txt._CHUNK_SIZE = 4
+
+        reads = ""
+        while True:
+            c = txt.read(4)
+            if not c:
+                break
+            reads += c
+        self.assertEqual(reads, self.normalized)
+
+    def test_issue1395_3(self):
+        txt = self.TextIOWrapper(self.BytesIO(self.testdata), encoding="ascii")
+        txt._CHUNK_SIZE = 4
+
+        reads = txt.read(4)
+        reads += txt.read(4)
+        reads += txt.readline()
+        reads += txt.readline()
+        reads += txt.readline()
+        self.assertEqual(reads, self.normalized)
+
+    def test_issue1395_4(self):
+        txt = self.TextIOWrapper(self.BytesIO(self.testdata), encoding="ascii")
+        txt._CHUNK_SIZE = 4
+
+        reads = txt.read(4)
+        reads += txt.read()
+        self.assertEqual(reads, self.normalized)
+
+    def test_issue1395_5(self):
+        txt = self.TextIOWrapper(self.BytesIO(self.testdata), encoding="ascii")
+        txt._CHUNK_SIZE = 4
+
+        reads = txt.read(4)
+        pos = txt.tell()
+        txt.seek(0)
+        txt.seek(pos)
+        self.assertEqual(txt.read(4), "BBB\n")
+
+    def test_issue2282(self):
+        buffer = self.BytesIO(self.testdata)
+        txt = self.TextIOWrapper(buffer, encoding="ascii")
+
+        self.assertEqual(buffer.seekable(), txt.seekable())
+
+    def test_append_bom(self):
+        # The BOM is not written again when appending to a non-empty file
+        filename = support.TESTFN
+        for charset in ('utf-8-sig', 'utf-16', 'utf-32'):
+            with self.open(filename, 'w', encoding=charset) as f:
+                f.write('aaa')
+                pos = f.tell()
+            with self.open(filename, 'rb') as f:
+                self.assertEqual(f.read(), 'aaa'.encode(charset))
+
+            with self.open(filename, 'a', encoding=charset) as f:
+                f.write('xxx')
+            with self.open(filename, 'rb') as f:
+                self.assertEqual(f.read(), 'aaaxxx'.encode(charset))
+
+    def test_seek_bom(self):
+        # Same test, but when seeking manually
+        filename = support.TESTFN
+        for charset in ('utf-8-sig', 'utf-16', 'utf-32'):
+            with self.open(filename, 'w', encoding=charset) as f:
+                f.write('aaa')
+                pos = f.tell()
+            with self.open(filename, 'r+', encoding=charset) as f:
+                f.seek(pos)
+                f.write('zzz')
+                f.seek(0)
+                f.write('bbb')
+            with self.open(filename, 'rb') as f:
+                self.assertEqual(f.read(), 'bbbzzz'.encode(charset))
+
+    def test_seek_append_bom(self):
+        # Same test, but first seek to the start and then to the end
+        filename = support.TESTFN
+        for charset in ('utf-8-sig', 'utf-16', 'utf-32'):
+            with self.open(filename, 'w', encoding=charset) as f:
+                f.write('aaa')
+            with self.open(filename, 'a', encoding=charset) as f:
+                f.seek(0)
+                f.seek(0, self.SEEK_END)
+                f.write('xxx')
+            with self.open(filename, 'rb') as f:
+                self.assertEqual(f.read(), 'aaaxxx'.encode(charset))
+
+    def test_errors_property(self):
+        with self.open(support.TESTFN, "w") as f:
+            self.assertEqual(f.errors, "strict")
+        with self.open(support.TESTFN, "w", errors="replace") as f:
+            self.assertEqual(f.errors, "replace")
+
+    @support.no_tracing
+    @unittest.skipUnless(threading, 'Threading required for this test.')
+    def test_threads_write(self):
+        # Issue6750: concurrent writes could duplicate data
+        event = threading.Event()
+        with self.open(support.TESTFN, "w", buffering=1) as f:
+            def run(n):
+                text = "Thread%03d\n" % n
+                event.wait()
+                f.write(text)
+            threads = [threading.Thread(target=run, args=(x,))
+                       for x in range(20)]
+            with support.start_threads(threads, event.set):
+                time.sleep(0.02)
+        with self.open(support.TESTFN) as f:
+            content = f.read()
+            for n in range(20):
+                self.assertEqual(content.count("Thread%03d\n" % n), 1)
+
+    def test_flush_error_on_close(self):
+        # Test that text file is closed despite failed flush
+        # and that flush() is called before file closed.
+        txt = self.TextIOWrapper(self.BytesIO(self.testdata), encoding="ascii")
+        closed = []
+        def bad_flush():
+            closed[:] = [txt.closed, txt.buffer.closed]
+            raise OSError()
+        txt.flush = bad_flush
+        self.assertRaises(OSError, txt.close) # exception not swallowed
+        self.assertTrue(txt.closed)
+        self.assertTrue(txt.buffer.closed)
+        self.assertTrue(closed)      # flush() called
+        self.assertFalse(closed[0])  # flush() called before file closed
+        self.assertFalse(closed[1])
+        txt.flush = lambda: None  # break reference loop
+
+    def test_close_error_on_close(self):
+        buffer = self.BytesIO(self.testdata)
+        def bad_flush():
+            raise OSError('flush')
+        def bad_close():
+            raise OSError('close')
+        buffer.close = bad_close
+        txt = self.TextIOWrapper(buffer, encoding="ascii")
+        txt.flush = bad_flush
+        with self.assertRaises(OSError) as err: # exception not swallowed
+            txt.close()
+        self.assertEqual(err.exception.args, ('close',))
+        self.assertIsInstance(err.exception.__context__, OSError)
+        self.assertEqual(err.exception.__context__.args, ('flush',))
+        self.assertFalse(txt.closed)
+
+    def test_nonnormalized_close_error_on_close(self):
+        # Issue #21677
+        buffer = self.BytesIO(self.testdata)
+        def bad_flush():
+            raise non_existing_flush
+        def bad_close():
+            raise non_existing_close
+        buffer.close = bad_close
+        txt = self.TextIOWrapper(buffer, encoding="ascii")
+        txt.flush = bad_flush
+        with self.assertRaises(NameError) as err: # exception not swallowed
+            txt.close()
+        self.assertIn('non_existing_close', str(err.exception))
+        self.assertIsInstance(err.exception.__context__, NameError)
+        self.assertIn('non_existing_flush', str(err.exception.__context__))
+        self.assertFalse(txt.closed)
+
+    def test_multi_close(self):
+        txt = self.TextIOWrapper(self.BytesIO(self.testdata), encoding="ascii")
+        txt.close()
+        txt.close()
+        txt.close()
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, txt.flush)
+
+    def test_unseekable(self):
+        txt = self.TextIOWrapper(self.MockUnseekableIO(self.testdata))
+        self.assertRaises(self.UnsupportedOperation, txt.tell)
+        self.assertRaises(self.UnsupportedOperation, txt.seek, 0)
+
+    def test_readonly_attributes(self):
+        txt = self.TextIOWrapper(self.BytesIO(self.testdata), encoding="ascii")
+        buf = self.BytesIO(self.testdata)
+        with self.assertRaises(AttributeError):
+            txt.buffer = buf
+
+    def test_rawio(self):
+        # Issue #12591: TextIOWrapper must work with raw I/O objects, so
+        # that subprocess.Popen() can have the required unbuffered
+        # semantics with universal_newlines=True.
+        raw = self.MockRawIO([b'abc', b'def', b'ghi\njkl\nopq\n'])
+        txt = self.TextIOWrapper(raw, encoding='ascii', newline='\n')
+        # Reads
+        self.assertEqual(txt.read(4), 'abcd')
+        self.assertEqual(txt.readline(), 'efghi\n')
+        self.assertEqual(list(txt), ['jkl\n', 'opq\n'])
+
+    def test_rawio_write_through(self):
+        # Issue #12591: with write_through=True, writes don't need a flush
+        raw = self.MockRawIO([b'abc', b'def', b'ghi\njkl\nopq\n'])
+        txt = self.TextIOWrapper(raw, encoding='ascii', newline='\n',
+                                 write_through=True)
+        txt.write('1')
+        txt.write('23\n4')
+        txt.write('5')
+        self.assertEqual(b''.join(raw._write_stack), b'123\n45')
+
+    def test_bufio_write_through(self):
+        # Issue #21396: write_through=True doesn't force a flush()
+        # on the underlying binary buffered object.
+        flush_called, write_called = [], []
+        class BufferedWriter(self.BufferedWriter):
+            def flush(self, *args, **kwargs):
+                flush_called.append(True)
+                return super().flush(*args, **kwargs)
+            def write(self, *args, **kwargs):
+                write_called.append(True)
+                return super().write(*args, **kwargs)
+
+        rawio = self.BytesIO()
+        data = b"a"
+        bufio = BufferedWriter(rawio, len(data)*2)
+        textio = self.TextIOWrapper(bufio, encoding='ascii',
+                                    write_through=True)
+        # write to the buffered io but don't overflow the buffer
+        text = data.decode('ascii')
+        textio.write(text)
+
+        # buffer.flush is not called with write_through=True
+        self.assertFalse(flush_called)
+        # buffer.write *is* called with write_through=True
+        self.assertTrue(write_called)
+        self.assertEqual(rawio.getvalue(), b"") # no flush
+
+        write_called = [] # reset
+        textio.write(text * 10) # total content is larger than bufio buffer
+        self.assertTrue(write_called)
+        self.assertEqual(rawio.getvalue(), data * 11) # all flushed
+
+    def test_read_nonbytes(self):
+        # Issue #17106
+        # Crash when underlying read() returns non-bytes
+        t = self.TextIOWrapper(self.StringIO('a'))
+        self.assertRaises(TypeError, t.read, 1)
+        t = self.TextIOWrapper(self.StringIO('a'))
+        self.assertRaises(TypeError, t.readline)
+        t = self.TextIOWrapper(self.StringIO('a'))
+        self.assertRaises(TypeError, t.read)
+
+    def test_illegal_encoder(self):
+        # Issue 31271: Calling write() while the return value of encoder's
+        # encode() is invalid shouldn't cause an assertion failure.
+        rot13 = codecs.lookup("rot13")
+        with support.swap_attr(rot13, '_is_text_encoding', True):
+            t = io.TextIOWrapper(io.BytesIO(b'foo'), encoding="rot13")
+        self.assertRaises(TypeError, t.write, 'bar')
+
+    def test_illegal_decoder(self):
+        # Issue #17106
+        # Bypass the early encoding check added in issue 20404
+        def _make_illegal_wrapper():
+            quopri = codecs.lookup("quopri")
+            quopri._is_text_encoding = True
+            try:
+                t = self.TextIOWrapper(self.BytesIO(b'aaaaaa'),
+                                       newline='\n', encoding="quopri")
+            finally:
+                quopri._is_text_encoding = False
+            return t
+        # Crash when decoder returns non-string
+        t = _make_illegal_wrapper()
+        self.assertRaises(TypeError, t.read, 1)
+        t = _make_illegal_wrapper()
+        self.assertRaises(TypeError, t.readline)
+        t = _make_illegal_wrapper()
+        self.assertRaises(TypeError, t.read)
+
+        # Issue 31243: calling read() while the return value of decoder's
+        # getstate() is invalid should neither crash the interpreter nor
+        # raise a SystemError.
+        def _make_very_illegal_wrapper(getstate_ret_val):
+            class BadDecoder:
+                def getstate(self):
+                    return getstate_ret_val
+            def _get_bad_decoder(dummy):
+                return BadDecoder()
+            quopri = codecs.lookup("quopri")
+            with support.swap_attr(quopri, 'incrementaldecoder',
+                                   _get_bad_decoder):
+                return _make_illegal_wrapper()
+        t = _make_very_illegal_wrapper(42)
+        self.assertRaises(TypeError, t.read, 42)
+        t = _make_very_illegal_wrapper(())
+        self.assertRaises(TypeError, t.read, 42)
+        t = _make_very_illegal_wrapper((1, 2))
+        self.assertRaises(TypeError, t.read, 42)
+
+    def _check_create_at_shutdown(self, **kwargs):
+        # Issue #20037: creating a TextIOWrapper at shutdown
+        # shouldn't crash the interpreter.
+        iomod = self.io.__name__
+        code = """if 1:
+            import codecs
+            import {iomod} as io
+
+            # Avoid looking up codecs at shutdown
+            codecs.lookup('utf-8')
+
+            class C:
+                def __init__(self):
+                    self.buf = io.BytesIO()
+                def __del__(self):
+                    io.TextIOWrapper(self.buf, **{kwargs})
+                    print("ok")
+            c = C()
+            """.format(iomod=iomod, kwargs=kwargs)
+        return assert_python_ok("-c", code)
+
+    @support.requires_type_collecting
+    def test_create_at_shutdown_without_encoding(self):
+        rc, out, err = self._check_create_at_shutdown()
+        if err:
+            # Can error out with a RuntimeError if the module state
+            # isn't found.
+            self.assertIn(self.shutdown_error, err.decode())
+        else:
+            self.assertEqual("ok", out.decode().strip())
+
+    @support.requires_type_collecting
+    def test_create_at_shutdown_with_encoding(self):
+        rc, out, err = self._check_create_at_shutdown(encoding='utf-8',
+                                                      errors='strict')
+        self.assertFalse(err)
+        self.assertEqual("ok", out.decode().strip())
+
+    def test_read_byteslike(self):
+        r = MemviewBytesIO(b'Just some random string\n')
+        t = self.TextIOWrapper(r, 'utf-8')
+
+        # TextIOwrapper will not read the full string, because
+        # we truncate it to a multiple of the native int size
+        # so that we can construct a more complex memoryview.
+        bytes_val =  _to_memoryview(r.getvalue()).tobytes()
+
+        self.assertEqual(t.read(200), bytes_val.decode('utf-8'))
+
+    def test_issue22849(self):
+        class F(object):
+            def readable(self): return True
+            def writable(self): return True
+            def seekable(self): return True
+
+        for i in range(10):
+            try:
+                self.TextIOWrapper(F(), encoding='utf-8')
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+
+        F.tell = lambda x: 0
+        t = self.TextIOWrapper(F(), encoding='utf-8')
+
+
+class MemviewBytesIO(io.BytesIO):
+    '''A BytesIO object whose read method returns memoryviews
+       rather than bytes'''
+
+    def read1(self, len_):
+        return _to_memoryview(super().read1(len_))
+
+    def read(self, len_):
+        return _to_memoryview(super().read(len_))
+
+def _to_memoryview(buf):
+    '''Convert bytes-object *buf* to a non-trivial memoryview'''
+
+    arr = array.array('i')
+    idx = len(buf) - len(buf) % arr.itemsize
+    arr.frombytes(buf[:idx])
+    return memoryview(arr)
+
+
+class CTextIOWrapperTest(TextIOWrapperTest):
+    io = io
+    shutdown_error = "RuntimeError: could not find io module state"
+
+    def test_initialization(self):
+        r = self.BytesIO(b"\xc3\xa9\n\n")
+        b = self.BufferedReader(r, 1000)
+        t = self.TextIOWrapper(b)
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, t.__init__, b, newline='xyzzy')
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, t.read)
+
+        t = self.TextIOWrapper.__new__(self.TextIOWrapper)
+        self.assertRaises(Exception, repr, t)
+
+    def test_garbage_collection(self):
+        # C TextIOWrapper objects are collected, and collecting them flushes
+        # all data to disk.
+        # The Python version has __del__, so it ends in gc.garbage instead.
+        with support.check_warnings(('', ResourceWarning)):
+            rawio = io.FileIO(support.TESTFN, "wb")
+            b = self.BufferedWriter(rawio)
+            t = self.TextIOWrapper(b, encoding="ascii")
+            t.write("456def")
+            t.x = t
+            wr = weakref.ref(t)
+            del t
+            support.gc_collect()
+        self.assertIsNone(wr(), wr)
+        with self.open(support.TESTFN, "rb") as f:
+            self.assertEqual(f.read(), b"456def")
+
+    def test_rwpair_cleared_before_textio(self):
+        # Issue 13070: TextIOWrapper's finalization would crash when called
+        # after the reference to the underlying BufferedRWPair's writer got
+        # cleared by the GC.
+        for i in range(1000):
+            b1 = self.BufferedRWPair(self.MockRawIO(), self.MockRawIO())
+            t1 = self.TextIOWrapper(b1, encoding="ascii")
+            b2 = self.BufferedRWPair(self.MockRawIO(), self.MockRawIO())
+            t2 = self.TextIOWrapper(b2, encoding="ascii")
+            # circular references
+            t1.buddy = t2
+            t2.buddy = t1
+        support.gc_collect()
+
+
+class PyTextIOWrapperTest(TextIOWrapperTest):
+    io = pyio
+    shutdown_error = "LookupError: unknown encoding: ascii"
+
+
+class IncrementalNewlineDecoderTest(unittest.TestCase):
+
+    def check_newline_decoding_utf8(self, decoder):
+        # UTF-8 specific tests for a newline decoder
+        def _check_decode(b, s, **kwargs):
+            # We exercise getstate() / setstate() as well as decode()
+            state = decoder.getstate()
+            self.assertEqual(decoder.decode(b, **kwargs), s)
+            decoder.setstate(state)
+            self.assertEqual(decoder.decode(b, **kwargs), s)
+
+        _check_decode(b'\xe8\xa2\x88', "\u8888")
+
+        _check_decode(b'\xe8', "")
+        _check_decode(b'\xa2', "")
+        _check_decode(b'\x88', "\u8888")
+
+        _check_decode(b'\xe8', "")
+        _check_decode(b'\xa2', "")
+        _check_decode(b'\x88', "\u8888")
+
+        _check_decode(b'\xe8', "")
+        self.assertRaises(UnicodeDecodeError, decoder.decode, b'', final=True)
+
+        decoder.reset()
+        _check_decode(b'\n', "\n")
+        _check_decode(b'\r', "")
+        _check_decode(b'', "\n", final=True)
+        _check_decode(b'\r', "\n", final=True)
+
+        _check_decode(b'\r', "")
+        _check_decode(b'a', "\na")
+
+        _check_decode(b'\r\r\n', "\n\n")
+        _check_decode(b'\r', "")
+        _check_decode(b'\r', "\n")
+        _check_decode(b'\na', "\na")
+
+        _check_decode(b'\xe8\xa2\x88\r\n', "\u8888\n")
+        _check_decode(b'\xe8\xa2\x88', "\u8888")
+        _check_decode(b'\n', "\n")
+        _check_decode(b'\xe8\xa2\x88\r', "\u8888")
+        _check_decode(b'\n', "\n")
+
+    def check_newline_decoding(self, decoder, encoding):
+        result = []
+        if encoding is not None:
+            encoder = codecs.getincrementalencoder(encoding)()
+            def _decode_bytewise(s):
+                # Decode one byte at a time
+                for b in encoder.encode(s):
+                    result.append(decoder.decode(bytes([b])))
+        else:
+            encoder = None
+            def _decode_bytewise(s):
+                # Decode one char at a time
+                for c in s:
+                    result.append(decoder.decode(c))
+        self.assertEqual(decoder.newlines, None)
+        _decode_bytewise("abc\n\r")
+        self.assertEqual(decoder.newlines, '\n')
+        _decode_bytewise("\nabc")
+        self.assertEqual(decoder.newlines, ('\n', '\r\n'))
+        _decode_bytewise("abc\r")
+        self.assertEqual(decoder.newlines, ('\n', '\r\n'))
+        _decode_bytewise("abc")
+        self.assertEqual(decoder.newlines, ('\r', '\n', '\r\n'))
+        _decode_bytewise("abc\r")
+        self.assertEqual("".join(result), "abc\n\nabcabc\nabcabc")
+        decoder.reset()
+        input = "abc"
+        if encoder is not None:
+            encoder.reset()
+            input = encoder.encode(input)
+        self.assertEqual(decoder.decode(input), "abc")
+        self.assertEqual(decoder.newlines, None)
+
+    def test_newline_decoder(self):
+        encodings = (
+            # None meaning the IncrementalNewlineDecoder takes unicode input
+            # rather than bytes input
+            None, 'utf-8', 'latin-1',
+            'utf-16', 'utf-16-le', 'utf-16-be',
+            'utf-32', 'utf-32-le', 'utf-32-be',
+        )
+        for enc in encodings:
+            decoder = enc and codecs.getincrementaldecoder(enc)()
+            decoder = self.IncrementalNewlineDecoder(decoder, translate=True)
+            self.check_newline_decoding(decoder, enc)
+        decoder = codecs.getincrementaldecoder("utf-8")()
+        decoder = self.IncrementalNewlineDecoder(decoder, translate=True)
+        self.check_newline_decoding_utf8(decoder)
+        self.assertRaises(TypeError, decoder.setstate, 42)
+
+    def test_newline_bytes(self):
+        # Issue 5433: Excessive optimization in IncrementalNewlineDecoder
+        def _check(dec):
+            self.assertEqual(dec.newlines, None)
+            self.assertEqual(dec.decode("\u0D00"), "\u0D00")
+            self.assertEqual(dec.newlines, None)
+            self.assertEqual(dec.decode("\u0A00"), "\u0A00")
+            self.assertEqual(dec.newlines, None)
+        dec = self.IncrementalNewlineDecoder(None, translate=False)
+        _check(dec)
+        dec = self.IncrementalNewlineDecoder(None, translate=True)
+        _check(dec)
+
+class CIncrementalNewlineDecoderTest(IncrementalNewlineDecoderTest):
+    pass
+
+class PyIncrementalNewlineDecoderTest(IncrementalNewlineDecoderTest):
+    pass
+
+
+# XXX Tests for open()
+
+class MiscIOTest(unittest.TestCase):
+
+    def tearDown(self):
+        support.unlink(support.TESTFN)
+
+    def test___all__(self):
+        for name in self.io.__all__:
+            obj = getattr(self.io, name, None)
+            self.assertIsNotNone(obj, name)
+            if name == "open":
+                continue
+            elif "error" in name.lower() or name == "UnsupportedOperation":
+                self.assertTrue(issubclass(obj, Exception), name)
+            elif not name.startswith("SEEK_"):
+                self.assertTrue(issubclass(obj, self.IOBase))
+
+    def test_attributes(self):
+        f = self.open(support.TESTFN, "wb", buffering=0)
+        self.assertEqual(f.mode, "wb")
+        f.close()
+
+        with support.check_warnings(('', DeprecationWarning)):
+            f = self.open(support.TESTFN, "U")
+        self.assertEqual(f.name,            support.TESTFN)
+        self.assertEqual(f.buffer.name,     support.TESTFN)
+        self.assertEqual(f.buffer.raw.name, support.TESTFN)
+        self.assertEqual(f.mode,            "U")
+        self.assertEqual(f.buffer.mode,     "rb")
+        self.assertEqual(f.buffer.raw.mode, "rb")
+        f.close()
+
+        f = self.open(support.TESTFN, "w+")
+        self.assertEqual(f.mode,            "w+")
+        self.assertEqual(f.buffer.mode,     "rb+") # Does it really matter?
+        self.assertEqual(f.buffer.raw.mode, "rb+")
+
+        g = self.open(f.fileno(), "wb", closefd=False)
+        self.assertEqual(g.mode,     "wb")
+        self.assertEqual(g.raw.mode, "wb")
+        self.assertEqual(g.name,     f.fileno())
+        self.assertEqual(g.raw.name, f.fileno())
+        f.close()
+        g.close()
+
+    def test_io_after_close(self):
+        for kwargs in [
+                {"mode": "w"},
+                {"mode": "wb"},
+                {"mode": "w", "buffering": 1},
+                {"mode": "w", "buffering": 2},
+                {"mode": "wb", "buffering": 0},
+                {"mode": "r"},
+                {"mode": "rb"},
+                {"mode": "r", "buffering": 1},
+                {"mode": "r", "buffering": 2},
+                {"mode": "rb", "buffering": 0},
+                {"mode": "w+"},
+                {"mode": "w+b"},
+                {"mode": "w+", "buffering": 1},
+                {"mode": "w+", "buffering": 2},
+                {"mode": "w+b", "buffering": 0},
+            ]:
+            f = self.open(support.TESTFN, **kwargs)
+            f.close()
+            self.assertRaises(ValueError, f.flush)
+            self.assertRaises(ValueError, f.fileno)
+            self.assertRaises(ValueError, f.isatty)
+            self.assertRaises(ValueError, f.__iter__)
+            if hasattr(f, "peek"):
+                self.assertRaises(ValueError, f.peek, 1)
+            self.assertRaises(ValueError, f.read)
+            if hasattr(f, "read1"):
+                self.assertRaises(ValueError, f.read1, 1024)
+            if hasattr(f, "readall"):
+                self.assertRaises(ValueError, f.readall)
+            if hasattr(f, "readinto"):
+                self.assertRaises(ValueError, f.readinto, bytearray(1024))
+            if hasattr(f, "readinto1"):
+                self.assertRaises(ValueError, f.readinto1, bytearray(1024))
+            self.assertRaises(ValueError, f.readline)
+            self.assertRaises(ValueError, f.readlines)
+            self.assertRaises(ValueError, f.readlines, 1)
+            self.assertRaises(ValueError, f.seek, 0)
+            self.assertRaises(ValueError, f.tell)
+            self.assertRaises(ValueError, f.truncate)
+            self.assertRaises(ValueError, f.write,
+                              b"" if "b" in kwargs['mode'] else "")
+            self.assertRaises(ValueError, f.writelines, [])
+            self.assertRaises(ValueError, next, f)
+
+    def test_blockingioerror(self):
+        # Various BlockingIOError issues
+        class C(str):
+            pass
+        c = C("")
+        b = self.BlockingIOError(1, c)
+        c.b = b
+        b.c = c
+        wr = weakref.ref(c)
+        del c, b
+        support.gc_collect()
+        self.assertIsNone(wr(), wr)
+
+    def test_abcs(self):
+        # Test the visible base classes are ABCs.
+        self.assertIsInstance(self.IOBase, abc.ABCMeta)
+        self.assertIsInstance(self.RawIOBase, abc.ABCMeta)
+        self.assertIsInstance(self.BufferedIOBase, abc.ABCMeta)
+        self.assertIsInstance(self.TextIOBase, abc.ABCMeta)
+
+    def _check_abc_inheritance(self, abcmodule):
+        with self.open(support.TESTFN, "wb", buffering=0) as f:
+            self.assertIsInstance(f, abcmodule.IOBase)
+            self.assertIsInstance(f, abcmodule.RawIOBase)
+            self.assertNotIsInstance(f, abcmodule.BufferedIOBase)
+            self.assertNotIsInstance(f, abcmodule.TextIOBase)
+        with self.open(support.TESTFN, "wb") as f:
+            self.assertIsInstance(f, abcmodule.IOBase)
+            self.assertNotIsInstance(f, abcmodule.RawIOBase)
+            self.assertIsInstance(f, abcmodule.BufferedIOBase)
+            self.assertNotIsInstance(f, abcmodule.TextIOBase)
+        with self.open(support.TESTFN, "w") as f:
+            self.assertIsInstance(f, abcmodule.IOBase)
+            self.assertNotIsInstance(f, abcmodule.RawIOBase)
+            self.assertNotIsInstance(f, abcmodule.BufferedIOBase)
+            self.assertIsInstance(f, abcmodule.TextIOBase)
+
+    def test_abc_inheritance(self):
+        # Test implementations inherit from their respective ABCs
+        self._check_abc_inheritance(self)
+
+    def test_abc_inheritance_official(self):
+        # Test implementations inherit from the official ABCs of the
+        # baseline "io" module.
+        self._check_abc_inheritance(io)
+
+    def _check_warn_on_dealloc(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        f = open(*args, **kwargs)
+        r = repr(f)
+        with self.assertWarns(ResourceWarning) as cm:
+            f = None
+            support.gc_collect()
+        self.assertIn(r, str(cm.warning.args[0]))
+
+    def test_warn_on_dealloc(self):
+        self._check_warn_on_dealloc(support.TESTFN, "wb", buffering=0)
+        self._check_warn_on_dealloc(support.TESTFN, "wb")
+        self._check_warn_on_dealloc(support.TESTFN, "w")
+
+    def _check_warn_on_dealloc_fd(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        fds = []
+        def cleanup_fds():
+            for fd in fds:
+                try:
+                    os.close(fd)
+                except OSError as e:
+                    if e.errno != errno.EBADF:
+                        raise
+        self.addCleanup(cleanup_fds)
+        r, w = os.pipe()
+        fds += r, w
+        self._check_warn_on_dealloc(r, *args, **kwargs)
+        # When using closefd=False, there's no warning
+        r, w = os.pipe()
+        fds += r, w
+        with support.check_no_resource_warning(self):
+            open(r, *args, closefd=False, **kwargs)
+
+    def test_warn_on_dealloc_fd(self):
+        self._check_warn_on_dealloc_fd("rb", buffering=0)
+        self._check_warn_on_dealloc_fd("rb")
+        self._check_warn_on_dealloc_fd("r")
+
+
+    def test_pickling(self):
+        # Pickling file objects is forbidden
+        for kwargs in [
+                {"mode": "w"},
+                {"mode": "wb"},
+                {"mode": "wb", "buffering": 0},
+                {"mode": "r"},
+                {"mode": "rb"},
+                {"mode": "rb", "buffering": 0},
+                {"mode": "w+"},
+                {"mode": "w+b"},
+                {"mode": "w+b", "buffering": 0},
+            ]:
+            for protocol in range(pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL + 1):
+                with self.open(support.TESTFN, **kwargs) as f:
+                    self.assertRaises(TypeError, pickle.dumps, f, protocol)
+
+    def test_nonblock_pipe_write_bigbuf(self):
+        self._test_nonblock_pipe_write(16*1024)
+
+    def test_nonblock_pipe_write_smallbuf(self):
+        self._test_nonblock_pipe_write(1024)
+
+    @unittest.skipUnless(hasattr(os, 'set_blocking'),
+                         'os.set_blocking() required for this test')
+    def _test_nonblock_pipe_write(self, bufsize):
+        sent = []
+        received = []
+        r, w = os.pipe()
+        os.set_blocking(r, False)
+        os.set_blocking(w, False)
+
+        # To exercise all code paths in the C implementation we need
+        # to play with buffer sizes.  For instance, if we choose a
+        # buffer size less than or equal to _PIPE_BUF (4096 on Linux)
+        # then we will never get a partial write of the buffer.
+        rf = self.open(r, mode='rb', closefd=True, buffering=bufsize)
+        wf = self.open(w, mode='wb', closefd=True, buffering=bufsize)
+
+        with rf, wf:
+            for N in 9999, 73, 7574:
+                try:
+                    i = 0
+                    while True:
+                        msg = bytes([i % 26 + 97]) * N
+                        sent.append(msg)
+                        wf.write(msg)
+                        i += 1
+
+                except self.BlockingIOError as e:
+                    self.assertEqual(e.args[0], errno.EAGAIN)
+                    self.assertEqual(e.args[2], e.characters_written)
+                    sent[-1] = sent[-1][:e.characters_written]
+                    received.append(rf.read())
+                    msg = b'BLOCKED'
+                    wf.write(msg)
+                    sent.append(msg)
+
+            while True:
+                try:
+                    wf.flush()
+                    break
+                except self.BlockingIOError as e:
+                    self.assertEqual(e.args[0], errno.EAGAIN)
+                    self.assertEqual(e.args[2], e.characters_written)
+                    self.assertEqual(e.characters_written, 0)
+                    received.append(rf.read())
+
+            received += iter(rf.read, None)
+
+        sent, received = b''.join(sent), b''.join(received)
+        self.assertEqual(sent, received)
+        self.assertTrue(wf.closed)
+        self.assertTrue(rf.closed)
+
+    def test_create_fail(self):
+        # 'x' mode fails if file is existing
+        with self.open(support.TESTFN, 'w'):
+            pass
+        self.assertRaises(FileExistsError, self.open, support.TESTFN, 'x')
+
+    def test_create_writes(self):
+        # 'x' mode opens for writing
+        with self.open(support.TESTFN, 'xb') as f:
+            f.write(b"spam")
+        with self.open(support.TESTFN, 'rb') as f:
+            self.assertEqual(b"spam", f.read())
+
+    def test_open_allargs(self):
+        # there used to be a buffer overflow in the parser for rawmode
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, self.open, support.TESTFN, 'rwax+')
+
+
+class CMiscIOTest(MiscIOTest):
+    io = io
+
+    def test_readinto_buffer_overflow(self):
+        # Issue #18025
+        class BadReader(self.io.BufferedIOBase):
+            def read(self, n=-1):
+                return b'x' * 10**6
+        bufio = BadReader()
+        b = bytearray(2)
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, bufio.readinto, b)
+
+    @unittest.skipUnless(threading, 'Threading required for this test.')
+    def check_daemon_threads_shutdown_deadlock(self, stream_name):
+        # Issue #23309: deadlocks at shutdown should be avoided when a
+        # daemon thread and the main thread both write to a file.
+        code = """if 1:
+            import sys
+            import time
+            import threading
+            from test.support import SuppressCrashReport
+
+            file = sys.{stream_name}
+
+            def run():
+                while True:
+                    file.write('.')
+                    file.flush()
+
+            crash = SuppressCrashReport()
+            crash.__enter__()
+            # don't call __exit__(): the crash occurs at Python shutdown
+
+            thread = threading.Thread(target=run)
+            thread.daemon = True
+            thread.start()
+
+            time.sleep(0.5)
+            file.write('!')
+            file.flush()
+            """.format_map(locals())
+        res, _ = run_python_until_end("-c", code)
+        err = res.err.decode()
+        if res.rc != 0:
+            # Failure: should be a fatal error
+            self.assertIn("Fatal Python error: could not acquire lock "
+                          "for <_io.BufferedWriter name='<{stream_name}>'> "
+                          "at interpreter shutdown, possibly due to "
+                          "daemon threads".format_map(locals()),
+                          err)
+        else:
+            self.assertFalse(err.strip('.!'))
+
+    def test_daemon_threads_shutdown_stdout_deadlock(self):
+        self.check_daemon_threads_shutdown_deadlock('stdout')
+
+    def test_daemon_threads_shutdown_stderr_deadlock(self):
+        self.check_daemon_threads_shutdown_deadlock('stderr')
+
+
+class PyMiscIOTest(MiscIOTest):
+    io = pyio
+
+
+@unittest.skipIf(os.name == 'nt', 'POSIX signals required for this test.')
+class SignalsTest(unittest.TestCase):
+
+    def setUp(self):
+        self.oldalrm = signal.signal(signal.SIGALRM, self.alarm_interrupt)
+
+    def tearDown(self):
+        signal.signal(signal.SIGALRM, self.oldalrm)
+
+    def alarm_interrupt(self, sig, frame):
+        1/0
+
+    @unittest.skipUnless(threading, 'Threading required for this test.')
+    def check_interrupted_write(self, item, bytes, **fdopen_kwargs):
+        """Check that a partial write, when it gets interrupted, properly
+        invokes the signal handler, and bubbles up the exception raised
+        in the latter."""
+        read_results = []
+        def _read():
+            if hasattr(signal, 'pthread_sigmask'):
+                signal.pthread_sigmask(signal.SIG_BLOCK, [signal.SIGALRM])
+            s = os.read(r, 1)
+            read_results.append(s)
+        t = threading.Thread(target=_read)
+        t.daemon = True
+        r, w = os.pipe()
+        fdopen_kwargs["closefd"] = False
+        large_data = item * (support.PIPE_MAX_SIZE // len(item) + 1)
+        try:
+            wio = self.io.open(w, **fdopen_kwargs)
+            t.start()
+            # Fill the pipe enough that the write will be blocking.
+            # It will be interrupted by the timer armed above.  Since the
+            # other thread has read one byte, the low-level write will
+            # return with a successful (partial) result rather than an EINTR.
+            # The buffered IO layer must check for pending signal
+            # handlers, which in this case will invoke alarm_interrupt().
+            signal.alarm(1)
+            try:
+                self.assertRaises(ZeroDivisionError, wio.write, large_data)
+            finally:
+                signal.alarm(0)
+                t.join()
+            # We got one byte, get another one and check that it isn't a
+            # repeat of the first one.
+            read_results.append(os.read(r, 1))
+            self.assertEqual(read_results, [bytes[0:1], bytes[1:2]])
+        finally:
+            os.close(w)
+            os.close(r)
+            # This is deliberate. If we didn't close the file descriptor
+            # before closing wio, wio would try to flush its internal
+            # buffer, and block again.
+            try:
+                wio.close()
+            except OSError as e:
+                if e.errno != errno.EBADF:
+                    raise
+
+    def test_interrupted_write_unbuffered(self):
+        self.check_interrupted_write(b"xy", b"xy", mode="wb", buffering=0)
+
+    def test_interrupted_write_buffered(self):
+        self.check_interrupted_write(b"xy", b"xy", mode="wb")
+
+    # Issue #22331: The test hangs on FreeBSD 7.2
+    @support.requires_freebsd_version(8)
+    def test_interrupted_write_text(self):
+        self.check_interrupted_write("xy", b"xy", mode="w", encoding="ascii")
+
+    @support.no_tracing
+    def check_reentrant_write(self, data, **fdopen_kwargs):
+        def on_alarm(*args):
+            # Will be called reentrantly from the same thread
+            wio.write(data)
+            1/0
+        signal.signal(signal.SIGALRM, on_alarm)
+        r, w = os.pipe()
+        wio = self.io.open(w, **fdopen_kwargs)
+        try:
+            signal.alarm(1)
+            # Either the reentrant call to wio.write() fails with RuntimeError,
+            # or the signal handler raises ZeroDivisionError.
+            with self.assertRaises((ZeroDivisionError, RuntimeError)) as cm:
+                while 1:
+                    for i in range(100):
+                        wio.write(data)
+                        wio.flush()
+                    # Make sure the buffer doesn't fill up and block further writes
+                    os.read(r, len(data) * 100)
+            exc = cm.exception
+            if isinstance(exc, RuntimeError):
+                self.assertTrue(str(exc).startswith("reentrant call"), str(exc))
+        finally:
+            wio.close()
+            os.close(r)
+
+    def test_reentrant_write_buffered(self):
+        self.check_reentrant_write(b"xy", mode="wb")
+
+    def test_reentrant_write_text(self):
+        self.check_reentrant_write("xy", mode="w", encoding="ascii")
+
+    def check_interrupted_read_retry(self, decode, **fdopen_kwargs):
+        """Check that a buffered read, when it gets interrupted (either
+        returning a partial result or EINTR), properly invokes the signal
+        handler and retries if the latter returned successfully."""
+        r, w = os.pipe()
+        fdopen_kwargs["closefd"] = False
+        def alarm_handler(sig, frame):
+            os.write(w, b"bar")
+        signal.signal(signal.SIGALRM, alarm_handler)
+        try:
+            rio = self.io.open(r, **fdopen_kwargs)
+            os.write(w, b"foo")
+            signal.alarm(1)
+            # Expected behaviour:
+            # - first raw read() returns partial b"foo"
+            # - second raw read() returns EINTR
+            # - third raw read() returns b"bar"
+            self.assertEqual(decode(rio.read(6)), "foobar")
+        finally:
+            rio.close()
+            os.close(w)
+            os.close(r)
+
+    def test_interrupted_read_retry_buffered(self):
+        self.check_interrupted_read_retry(lambda x: x.decode('latin1'),
+                                          mode="rb")
+
+    def test_interrupted_read_retry_text(self):
+        self.check_interrupted_read_retry(lambda x: x,
+                                          mode="r")
+
+    @unittest.skipUnless(threading, 'Threading required for this test.')
+    def check_interrupted_write_retry(self, item, **fdopen_kwargs):
+        """Check that a buffered write, when it gets interrupted (either
+        returning a partial result or EINTR), properly invokes the signal
+        handler and retries if the latter returned successfully."""
+        select = support.import_module("select")
+
+        # A quantity that exceeds the buffer size of an anonymous pipe's
+        # write end.
+        N = support.PIPE_MAX_SIZE
+        r, w = os.pipe()
+        fdopen_kwargs["closefd"] = False
+
+        # We need a separate thread to read from the pipe and allow the
+        # write() to finish.  This thread is started after the SIGALRM is
+        # received (forcing a first EINTR in write()).
+        read_results = []
+        write_finished = False
+        error = None
+        def _read():
+            try:
+                while not write_finished:
+                    while r in select.select([r], [], [], 1.0)[0]:
+                        s = os.read(r, 1024)
+                        read_results.append(s)
+            except BaseException as exc:
+                nonlocal error
+                error = exc
+        t = threading.Thread(target=_read)
+        t.daemon = True
+        def alarm1(sig, frame):
+            signal.signal(signal.SIGALRM, alarm2)
+            signal.alarm(1)
+        def alarm2(sig, frame):
+            t.start()
+
+        large_data = item * N
+        signal.signal(signal.SIGALRM, alarm1)
+        try:
+            wio = self.io.open(w, **fdopen_kwargs)
+            signal.alarm(1)
+            # Expected behaviour:
+            # - first raw write() is partial (because of the limited pipe buffer
+            #   and the first alarm)
+            # - second raw write() returns EINTR (because of the second alarm)
+            # - subsequent write()s are successful (either partial or complete)
+            written = wio.write(large_data)
+            self.assertEqual(N, written)
+
+            wio.flush()
+            write_finished = True
+            t.join()
+
+            self.assertIsNone(error)
+            self.assertEqual(N, sum(len(x) for x in read_results))
+        finally:
+            write_finished = True
+            os.close(w)
+            os.close(r)
+            # This is deliberate. If we didn't close the file descriptor
+            # before closing wio, wio would try to flush its internal
+            # buffer, and could block (in case of failure).
+            try:
+                wio.close()
+            except OSError as e:
+                if e.errno != errno.EBADF:
+                    raise
+
+    def test_interrupted_write_retry_buffered(self):
+        self.check_interrupted_write_retry(b"x", mode="wb")
+
+    def test_interrupted_write_retry_text(self):
+        self.check_interrupted_write_retry("x", mode="w", encoding="latin1")
+
+
+class CSignalsTest(SignalsTest):
+    io = io
+
+class PySignalsTest(SignalsTest):
+    io = pyio
+
+    # Handling reentrancy issues would slow down _pyio even more, so the
+    # tests are disabled.
+    test_reentrant_write_buffered = None
+    test_reentrant_write_text = None
+
+
+def load_tests(*args):
+    tests = (CIOTest, PyIOTest, APIMismatchTest,
+             CBufferedReaderTest, PyBufferedReaderTest,
+             CBufferedWriterTest, PyBufferedWriterTest,
+             CBufferedRWPairTest, PyBufferedRWPairTest,
+             CBufferedRandomTest, PyBufferedRandomTest,
+             StatefulIncrementalDecoderTest,
+             CIncrementalNewlineDecoderTest, PyIncrementalNewlineDecoderTest,
+             CTextIOWrapperTest, PyTextIOWrapperTest,
+             CMiscIOTest, PyMiscIOTest,
+             CSignalsTest, PySignalsTest,
+             )
+
+    # Put the namespaces of the IO module we are testing and some useful mock
+    # classes in the __dict__ of each test.
+    mocks = (MockRawIO, MisbehavedRawIO, MockFileIO, CloseFailureIO,
+             MockNonBlockWriterIO, MockUnseekableIO, MockRawIOWithoutRead)
+    all_members = io.__all__ + ["IncrementalNewlineDecoder"]
+    c_io_ns = {name : getattr(io, name) for name in all_members}
+    py_io_ns = {name : getattr(pyio, name) for name in all_members}
+    globs = globals()
+    c_io_ns.update((x.__name__, globs["C" + x.__name__]) for x in mocks)
+    py_io_ns.update((x.__name__, globs["Py" + x.__name__]) for x in mocks)
+    # Avoid turning open into a bound method.
+    py_io_ns["open"] = pyio.OpenWrapper
+    for test in tests:
+        if test.__name__.startswith("C"):
+            for name, obj in c_io_ns.items():
+                setattr(test, name, obj)
+        elif test.__name__.startswith("Py"):
+            for name, obj in py_io_ns.items():
+                setattr(test, name, obj)
+
+    suite = unittest.TestSuite([unittest.makeSuite(test) for test in tests])
+    return suite
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    unittest.main()