com.googler.python 1.1.4 → 1.1.5

package/python3.6.2/lib/python3.6/lib2to3/tests/test_fixers.py

@@ -0,0 +1,4640 @@
+""" Test suite for the fixer modules """
+
+# Python imports
+import os
+from itertools import chain
+from operator import itemgetter
+
+# Local imports
+from lib2to3 import pygram, fixer_util
+from lib2to3.tests import support
+
+
+class FixerTestCase(support.TestCase):
+
+    # Other test cases can subclass this class and replace "fixer_pkg" with
+    # their own.
+    def setUp(self, fix_list=None, fixer_pkg="lib2to3", options=None):
+        if fix_list is None:
+            fix_list = [self.fixer]
+        self.refactor = support.get_refactorer(fixer_pkg, fix_list, options)
+        self.fixer_log = []
+        self.filename = "<string>"
+
+        for fixer in chain(self.refactor.pre_order,
+                           self.refactor.post_order):
+            fixer.log = self.fixer_log
+
+    def _check(self, before, after):
+        before = support.reformat(before)
+        after = support.reformat(after)
+        tree = self.refactor.refactor_string(before, self.filename)
+        self.assertEqual(after, str(tree))
+        return tree
+
+    def check(self, before, after, ignore_warnings=False):
+        tree = self._check(before, after)
+        self.assertTrue(tree.was_changed)
+        if not ignore_warnings:
+            self.assertEqual(self.fixer_log, [])
+
+    def warns(self, before, after, message, unchanged=False):
+        tree = self._check(before, after)
+        self.assertIn(message, "".join(self.fixer_log))
+        if not unchanged:
+            self.assertTrue(tree.was_changed)
+
+    def warns_unchanged(self, before, message):
+        self.warns(before, before, message, unchanged=True)
+
+    def unchanged(self, before, ignore_warnings=False):
+        self._check(before, before)
+        if not ignore_warnings:
+            self.assertEqual(self.fixer_log, [])
+
+    def assert_runs_after(self, *names):
+        fixes = [self.fixer]
+        fixes.extend(names)
+        r = support.get_refactorer("lib2to3", fixes)
+        (pre, post) = r.get_fixers()
+        n = "fix_" + self.fixer
+        if post and post[-1].__class__.__module__.endswith(n):
+            # We're the last fixer to run
+            return
+        if pre and pre[-1].__class__.__module__.endswith(n) and not post:
+            # We're the last in pre and post is empty
+            return
+        self.fail("Fixer run order (%s) is incorrect; %s should be last."\
+               %(", ".join([x.__class__.__module__ for x in (pre+post)]), n))
+
+class Test_ne(FixerTestCase):
+    fixer = "ne"
+
+    def test_basic(self):
+        b = """if x <> y:
+            pass"""
+
+        a = """if x != y:
+            pass"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_no_spaces(self):
+        b = """if x<>y:
+            pass"""
+
+        a = """if x!=y:
+            pass"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_chained(self):
+        b = """if x<>y<>z:
+            pass"""
+
+        a = """if x!=y!=z:
+            pass"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+class Test_has_key(FixerTestCase):
+    fixer = "has_key"
+
+    def test_1(self):
+        b = """x = d.has_key("x") or d.has_key("y")"""
+        a = """x = "x" in d or "y" in d"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_2(self):
+        b = """x = a.b.c.d.has_key("x") ** 3"""
+        a = """x = ("x" in a.b.c.d) ** 3"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_3(self):
+        b = """x = a.b.has_key(1 + 2).__repr__()"""
+        a = """x = (1 + 2 in a.b).__repr__()"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_4(self):
+        b = """x = a.b.has_key(1 + 2).__repr__() ** -3 ** 4"""
+        a = """x = (1 + 2 in a.b).__repr__() ** -3 ** 4"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_5(self):
+        b = """x = a.has_key(f or g)"""
+        a = """x = (f or g) in a"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_6(self):
+        b = """x = a + b.has_key(c)"""
+        a = """x = a + (c in b)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_7(self):
+        b = """x = a.has_key(lambda: 12)"""
+        a = """x = (lambda: 12) in a"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_8(self):
+        b = """x = a.has_key(a for a in b)"""
+        a = """x = (a for a in b) in a"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_9(self):
+        b = """if not a.has_key(b): pass"""
+        a = """if b not in a: pass"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_10(self):
+        b = """if not a.has_key(b).__repr__(): pass"""
+        a = """if not (b in a).__repr__(): pass"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_11(self):
+        b = """if not a.has_key(b) ** 2: pass"""
+        a = """if not (b in a) ** 2: pass"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+class Test_apply(FixerTestCase):
+    fixer = "apply"
+
+    def test_1(self):
+        b = """x = apply(f, g + h)"""
+        a = """x = f(*g + h)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_2(self):
+        b = """y = apply(f, g, h)"""
+        a = """y = f(*g, **h)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_3(self):
+        b = """z = apply(fs[0], g or h, h or g)"""
+        a = """z = fs[0](*g or h, **h or g)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_4(self):
+        b = """apply(f, (x, y) + t)"""
+        a = """f(*(x, y) + t)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_5(self):
+        b = """apply(f, args,)"""
+        a = """f(*args)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_6(self):
+        b = """apply(f, args, kwds,)"""
+        a = """f(*args, **kwds)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    # Test that complex functions are parenthesized
+
+    def test_complex_1(self):
+        b = """x = apply(f+g, args)"""
+        a = """x = (f+g)(*args)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_complex_2(self):
+        b = """x = apply(f*g, args)"""
+        a = """x = (f*g)(*args)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_complex_3(self):
+        b = """x = apply(f**g, args)"""
+        a = """x = (f**g)(*args)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    # But dotted names etc. not
+
+    def test_dotted_name(self):
+        b = """x = apply(f.g, args)"""
+        a = """x = f.g(*args)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_subscript(self):
+        b = """x = apply(f[x], args)"""
+        a = """x = f[x](*args)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_call(self):
+        b = """x = apply(f(), args)"""
+        a = """x = f()(*args)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    # Extreme case
+    def test_extreme(self):
+        b = """x = apply(a.b.c.d.e.f, args, kwds)"""
+        a = """x = a.b.c.d.e.f(*args, **kwds)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    # XXX Comments in weird places still get lost
+    def test_weird_comments(self):
+        b = """apply(   # foo
+          f, # bar
+          args)"""
+        a = """f(*args)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    # These should *not* be touched
+
+    def test_unchanged_1(self):
+        s = """apply()"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_unchanged_2(self):
+        s = """apply(f)"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_unchanged_3(self):
+        s = """apply(f,)"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_unchanged_4(self):
+        s = """apply(f, args, kwds, extras)"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_unchanged_5(self):
+        s = """apply(f, *args, **kwds)"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_unchanged_6(self):
+        s = """apply(f, *args)"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_unchanged_6b(self):
+        s = """apply(f, **kwds)"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_unchanged_7(self):
+        s = """apply(func=f, args=args, kwds=kwds)"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_unchanged_8(self):
+        s = """apply(f, args=args, kwds=kwds)"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_unchanged_9(self):
+        s = """apply(f, args, kwds=kwds)"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_space_1(self):
+        a = """apply(  f,  args,   kwds)"""
+        b = """f(*args, **kwds)"""
+        self.check(a, b)
+
+    def test_space_2(self):
+        a = """apply(  f  ,args,kwds   )"""
+        b = """f(*args, **kwds)"""
+        self.check(a, b)
+
+class Test_reload(FixerTestCase):
+    fixer = "reload"
+
+    def test(self):
+        b = """reload(a)"""
+        a = """import imp\nimp.reload(a)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_comment(self):
+        b = """reload( a ) # comment"""
+        a = """import imp\nimp.reload( a ) # comment"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        # PEP 8 comments
+        b = """reload( a )  # comment"""
+        a = """import imp\nimp.reload( a )  # comment"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_space(self):
+        b = """reload( a )"""
+        a = """import imp\nimp.reload( a )"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """reload( a)"""
+        a = """import imp\nimp.reload( a)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """reload(a )"""
+        a = """import imp\nimp.reload(a )"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_unchanged(self):
+        s = """reload(a=1)"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+        s = """reload(f, g)"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+        s = """reload(f, *h)"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+        s = """reload(f, *h, **i)"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+        s = """reload(f, **i)"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+        s = """reload(*h, **i)"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+        s = """reload(*h)"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+        s = """reload(**i)"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+        s = """reload()"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+class Test_intern(FixerTestCase):
+    fixer = "intern"
+
+    def test_prefix_preservation(self):
+        b = """x =   intern(  a  )"""
+        a = """import sys\nx =   sys.intern(  a  )"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """y = intern("b" # test
+              )"""
+        a = """import sys\ny = sys.intern("b" # test
+              )"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """z = intern(a+b+c.d,   )"""
+        a = """import sys\nz = sys.intern(a+b+c.d,   )"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test(self):
+        b = """x = intern(a)"""
+        a = """import sys\nx = sys.intern(a)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """z = intern(a+b+c.d,)"""
+        a = """import sys\nz = sys.intern(a+b+c.d,)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """intern("y%s" % 5).replace("y", "")"""
+        a = """import sys\nsys.intern("y%s" % 5).replace("y", "")"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    # These should not be refactored
+
+    def test_unchanged(self):
+        s = """intern(a=1)"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+        s = """intern(f, g)"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+        s = """intern(*h)"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+        s = """intern(**i)"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+        s = """intern()"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+class Test_reduce(FixerTestCase):
+    fixer = "reduce"
+
+    def test_simple_call(self):
+        b = "reduce(a, b, c)"
+        a = "from functools import reduce\nreduce(a, b, c)"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_bug_7253(self):
+        # fix_tuple_params was being bad and orphaning nodes in the tree.
+        b = "def x(arg): reduce(sum, [])"
+        a = "from functools import reduce\ndef x(arg): reduce(sum, [])"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_call_with_lambda(self):
+        b = "reduce(lambda x, y: x + y, seq)"
+        a = "from functools import reduce\nreduce(lambda x, y: x + y, seq)"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_unchanged(self):
+        s = "reduce(a)"
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+        s = "reduce(a, b=42)"
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+        s = "reduce(a, b, c, d)"
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+        s = "reduce(**c)"
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+        s = "reduce()"
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+class Test_print(FixerTestCase):
+    fixer = "print"
+
+    def test_prefix_preservation(self):
+        b = """print 1,   1+1,   1+1+1"""
+        a = """print(1,   1+1,   1+1+1)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_idempotency(self):
+        s = """print()"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+        s = """print('')"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_idempotency_print_as_function(self):
+        self.refactor.driver.grammar = pygram.python_grammar_no_print_statement
+        s = """print(1, 1+1, 1+1+1)"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+        s = """print()"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+        s = """print('')"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_1(self):
+        b = """print 1, 1+1, 1+1+1"""
+        a = """print(1, 1+1, 1+1+1)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_2(self):
+        b = """print 1, 2"""
+        a = """print(1, 2)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_3(self):
+        b = """print"""
+        a = """print()"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_4(self):
+        # from bug 3000
+        b = """print whatever; print"""
+        a = """print(whatever); print()"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_5(self):
+        b = """print; print whatever;"""
+        a = """print(); print(whatever);"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_tuple(self):
+        b = """print (a, b, c)"""
+        a = """print((a, b, c))"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    # trailing commas
+
+    def test_trailing_comma_1(self):
+        b = """print 1, 2, 3,"""
+        a = """print(1, 2, 3, end=' ')"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_trailing_comma_2(self):
+        b = """print 1, 2,"""
+        a = """print(1, 2, end=' ')"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_trailing_comma_3(self):
+        b = """print 1,"""
+        a = """print(1, end=' ')"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    # >> stuff
+
+    def test_vargs_without_trailing_comma(self):
+        b = """print >>sys.stderr, 1, 2, 3"""
+        a = """print(1, 2, 3, file=sys.stderr)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_with_trailing_comma(self):
+        b = """print >>sys.stderr, 1, 2,"""
+        a = """print(1, 2, end=' ', file=sys.stderr)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_no_trailing_comma(self):
+        b = """print >>sys.stderr, 1+1"""
+        a = """print(1+1, file=sys.stderr)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_spaces_before_file(self):
+        b = """print >>  sys.stderr"""
+        a = """print(file=sys.stderr)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_with_future_print_function(self):
+        s = "from __future__ import print_function\n" \
+            "print('Hai!', end=' ')"
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+        b = "print 'Hello, world!'"
+        a = "print('Hello, world!')"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+
+class Test_exec(FixerTestCase):
+    fixer = "exec"
+
+    def test_prefix_preservation(self):
+        b = """  exec code in ns1,   ns2"""
+        a = """  exec(code, ns1,   ns2)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_basic(self):
+        b = """exec code"""
+        a = """exec(code)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_with_globals(self):
+        b = """exec code in ns"""
+        a = """exec(code, ns)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_with_globals_locals(self):
+        b = """exec code in ns1, ns2"""
+        a = """exec(code, ns1, ns2)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_complex_1(self):
+        b = """exec (a.b()) in ns"""
+        a = """exec((a.b()), ns)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_complex_2(self):
+        b = """exec a.b() + c in ns"""
+        a = """exec(a.b() + c, ns)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    # These should not be touched
+
+    def test_unchanged_1(self):
+        s = """exec(code)"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_unchanged_2(self):
+        s = """exec (code)"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_unchanged_3(self):
+        s = """exec(code, ns)"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_unchanged_4(self):
+        s = """exec(code, ns1, ns2)"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+class Test_repr(FixerTestCase):
+    fixer = "repr"
+
+    def test_prefix_preservation(self):
+        b = """x =   `1 + 2`"""
+        a = """x =   repr(1 + 2)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_simple_1(self):
+        b = """x = `1 + 2`"""
+        a = """x = repr(1 + 2)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_simple_2(self):
+        b = """y = `x`"""
+        a = """y = repr(x)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_complex(self):
+        b = """z = `y`.__repr__()"""
+        a = """z = repr(y).__repr__()"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_tuple(self):
+        b = """x = `1, 2, 3`"""
+        a = """x = repr((1, 2, 3))"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_nested(self):
+        b = """x = `1 + `2``"""
+        a = """x = repr(1 + repr(2))"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_nested_tuples(self):
+        b = """x = `1, 2 + `3, 4``"""
+        a = """x = repr((1, 2 + repr((3, 4))))"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+class Test_except(FixerTestCase):
+    fixer = "except"
+
+    def test_prefix_preservation(self):
+        b = """
+            try:
+                pass
+            except (RuntimeError, ImportError),    e:
+                pass"""
+        a = """
+            try:
+                pass
+            except (RuntimeError, ImportError) as    e:
+                pass"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_simple(self):
+        b = """
+            try:
+                pass
+            except Foo, e:
+                pass"""
+        a = """
+            try:
+                pass
+            except Foo as e:
+                pass"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_simple_no_space_before_target(self):
+        b = """
+            try:
+                pass
+            except Foo,e:
+                pass"""
+        a = """
+            try:
+                pass
+            except Foo as e:
+                pass"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_tuple_unpack(self):
+        b = """
+            def foo():
+                try:
+                    pass
+                except Exception, (f, e):
+                    pass
+                except ImportError, e:
+                    pass"""
+
+        a = """
+            def foo():
+                try:
+                    pass
+                except Exception as xxx_todo_changeme:
+                    (f, e) = xxx_todo_changeme.args
+                    pass
+                except ImportError as e:
+                    pass"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_multi_class(self):
+        b = """
+            try:
+                pass
+            except (RuntimeError, ImportError), e:
+                pass"""
+
+        a = """
+            try:
+                pass
+            except (RuntimeError, ImportError) as e:
+                pass"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_list_unpack(self):
+        b = """
+            try:
+                pass
+            except Exception, [a, b]:
+                pass"""
+
+        a = """
+            try:
+                pass
+            except Exception as xxx_todo_changeme:
+                [a, b] = xxx_todo_changeme.args
+                pass"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_weird_target_1(self):
+        b = """
+            try:
+                pass
+            except Exception, d[5]:
+                pass"""
+
+        a = """
+            try:
+                pass
+            except Exception as xxx_todo_changeme:
+                d[5] = xxx_todo_changeme
+                pass"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_weird_target_2(self):
+        b = """
+            try:
+                pass
+            except Exception, a.foo:
+                pass"""
+
+        a = """
+            try:
+                pass
+            except Exception as xxx_todo_changeme:
+                a.foo = xxx_todo_changeme
+                pass"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_weird_target_3(self):
+        b = """
+            try:
+                pass
+            except Exception, a().foo:
+                pass"""
+
+        a = """
+            try:
+                pass
+            except Exception as xxx_todo_changeme:
+                a().foo = xxx_todo_changeme
+                pass"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_bare_except(self):
+        b = """
+            try:
+                pass
+            except Exception, a:
+                pass
+            except:
+                pass"""
+
+        a = """
+            try:
+                pass
+            except Exception as a:
+                pass
+            except:
+                pass"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_bare_except_and_else_finally(self):
+        b = """
+            try:
+                pass
+            except Exception, a:
+                pass
+            except:
+                pass
+            else:
+                pass
+            finally:
+                pass"""
+
+        a = """
+            try:
+                pass
+            except Exception as a:
+                pass
+            except:
+                pass
+            else:
+                pass
+            finally:
+                pass"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_multi_fixed_excepts_before_bare_except(self):
+        b = """
+            try:
+                pass
+            except TypeError, b:
+                pass
+            except Exception, a:
+                pass
+            except:
+                pass"""
+
+        a = """
+            try:
+                pass
+            except TypeError as b:
+                pass
+            except Exception as a:
+                pass
+            except:
+                pass"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_one_line_suites(self):
+        b = """
+            try: raise TypeError
+            except TypeError, e:
+                pass
+            """
+        a = """
+            try: raise TypeError
+            except TypeError as e:
+                pass
+            """
+        self.check(b, a)
+        b = """
+            try:
+                raise TypeError
+            except TypeError, e: pass
+            """
+        a = """
+            try:
+                raise TypeError
+            except TypeError as e: pass
+            """
+        self.check(b, a)
+        b = """
+            try: raise TypeError
+            except TypeError, e: pass
+            """
+        a = """
+            try: raise TypeError
+            except TypeError as e: pass
+            """
+        self.check(b, a)
+        b = """
+            try: raise TypeError
+            except TypeError, e: pass
+            else: function()
+            finally: done()
+            """
+        a = """
+            try: raise TypeError
+            except TypeError as e: pass
+            else: function()
+            finally: done()
+            """
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    # These should not be touched:
+
+    def test_unchanged_1(self):
+        s = """
+            try:
+                pass
+            except:
+                pass"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_unchanged_2(self):
+        s = """
+            try:
+                pass
+            except Exception:
+                pass"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_unchanged_3(self):
+        s = """
+            try:
+                pass
+            except (Exception, SystemExit):
+                pass"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+class Test_raise(FixerTestCase):
+    fixer = "raise"
+
+    def test_basic(self):
+        b = """raise Exception, 5"""
+        a = """raise Exception(5)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_prefix_preservation(self):
+        b = """raise Exception,5"""
+        a = """raise Exception(5)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """raise   Exception,    5"""
+        a = """raise   Exception(5)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_with_comments(self):
+        b = """raise Exception, 5 # foo"""
+        a = """raise Exception(5) # foo"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """raise E, (5, 6) % (a, b) # foo"""
+        a = """raise E((5, 6) % (a, b)) # foo"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """def foo():
+                    raise Exception, 5, 6 # foo"""
+        a = """def foo():
+                    raise Exception(5).with_traceback(6) # foo"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_None_value(self):
+        b = """raise Exception(5), None, tb"""
+        a = """raise Exception(5).with_traceback(tb)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_tuple_value(self):
+        b = """raise Exception, (5, 6, 7)"""
+        a = """raise Exception(5, 6, 7)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_tuple_detection(self):
+        b = """raise E, (5, 6) % (a, b)"""
+        a = """raise E((5, 6) % (a, b))"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_tuple_exc_1(self):
+        b = """raise (((E1, E2), E3), E4), V"""
+        a = """raise E1(V)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_tuple_exc_2(self):
+        b = """raise (E1, (E2, E3), E4), V"""
+        a = """raise E1(V)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    # These should produce a warning
+
+    def test_string_exc(self):
+        s = """raise 'foo'"""
+        self.warns_unchanged(s, "Python 3 does not support string exceptions")
+
+    def test_string_exc_val(self):
+        s = """raise "foo", 5"""
+        self.warns_unchanged(s, "Python 3 does not support string exceptions")
+
+    def test_string_exc_val_tb(self):
+        s = """raise "foo", 5, 6"""
+        self.warns_unchanged(s, "Python 3 does not support string exceptions")
+
+    # These should result in traceback-assignment
+
+    def test_tb_1(self):
+        b = """def foo():
+                    raise Exception, 5, 6"""
+        a = """def foo():
+                    raise Exception(5).with_traceback(6)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_tb_2(self):
+        b = """def foo():
+                    a = 5
+                    raise Exception, 5, 6
+                    b = 6"""
+        a = """def foo():
+                    a = 5
+                    raise Exception(5).with_traceback(6)
+                    b = 6"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_tb_3(self):
+        b = """def foo():
+                    raise Exception,5,6"""
+        a = """def foo():
+                    raise Exception(5).with_traceback(6)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_tb_4(self):
+        b = """def foo():
+                    a = 5
+                    raise Exception,5,6
+                    b = 6"""
+        a = """def foo():
+                    a = 5
+                    raise Exception(5).with_traceback(6)
+                    b = 6"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_tb_5(self):
+        b = """def foo():
+                    raise Exception, (5, 6, 7), 6"""
+        a = """def foo():
+                    raise Exception(5, 6, 7).with_traceback(6)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_tb_6(self):
+        b = """def foo():
+                    a = 5
+                    raise Exception, (5, 6, 7), 6
+                    b = 6"""
+        a = """def foo():
+                    a = 5
+                    raise Exception(5, 6, 7).with_traceback(6)
+                    b = 6"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+class Test_throw(FixerTestCase):
+    fixer = "throw"
+
+    def test_1(self):
+        b = """g.throw(Exception, 5)"""
+        a = """g.throw(Exception(5))"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_2(self):
+        b = """g.throw(Exception,5)"""
+        a = """g.throw(Exception(5))"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_3(self):
+        b = """g.throw(Exception, (5, 6, 7))"""
+        a = """g.throw(Exception(5, 6, 7))"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_4(self):
+        b = """5 + g.throw(Exception, 5)"""
+        a = """5 + g.throw(Exception(5))"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    # These should produce warnings
+
+    def test_warn_1(self):
+        s = """g.throw("foo")"""
+        self.warns_unchanged(s, "Python 3 does not support string exceptions")
+
+    def test_warn_2(self):
+        s = """g.throw("foo", 5)"""
+        self.warns_unchanged(s, "Python 3 does not support string exceptions")
+
+    def test_warn_3(self):
+        s = """g.throw("foo", 5, 6)"""
+        self.warns_unchanged(s, "Python 3 does not support string exceptions")
+
+    # These should not be touched
+
+    def test_untouched_1(self):
+        s = """g.throw(Exception)"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_untouched_2(self):
+        s = """g.throw(Exception(5, 6))"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_untouched_3(self):
+        s = """5 + g.throw(Exception(5, 6))"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    # These should result in traceback-assignment
+
+    def test_tb_1(self):
+        b = """def foo():
+                    g.throw(Exception, 5, 6)"""
+        a = """def foo():
+                    g.throw(Exception(5).with_traceback(6))"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_tb_2(self):
+        b = """def foo():
+                    a = 5
+                    g.throw(Exception, 5, 6)
+                    b = 6"""
+        a = """def foo():
+                    a = 5
+                    g.throw(Exception(5).with_traceback(6))
+                    b = 6"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_tb_3(self):
+        b = """def foo():
+                    g.throw(Exception,5,6)"""
+        a = """def foo():
+                    g.throw(Exception(5).with_traceback(6))"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_tb_4(self):
+        b = """def foo():
+                    a = 5
+                    g.throw(Exception,5,6)
+                    b = 6"""
+        a = """def foo():
+                    a = 5
+                    g.throw(Exception(5).with_traceback(6))
+                    b = 6"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_tb_5(self):
+        b = """def foo():
+                    g.throw(Exception, (5, 6, 7), 6)"""
+        a = """def foo():
+                    g.throw(Exception(5, 6, 7).with_traceback(6))"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_tb_6(self):
+        b = """def foo():
+                    a = 5
+                    g.throw(Exception, (5, 6, 7), 6)
+                    b = 6"""
+        a = """def foo():
+                    a = 5
+                    g.throw(Exception(5, 6, 7).with_traceback(6))
+                    b = 6"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_tb_7(self):
+        b = """def foo():
+                    a + g.throw(Exception, 5, 6)"""
+        a = """def foo():
+                    a + g.throw(Exception(5).with_traceback(6))"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_tb_8(self):
+        b = """def foo():
+                    a = 5
+                    a + g.throw(Exception, 5, 6)
+                    b = 6"""
+        a = """def foo():
+                    a = 5
+                    a + g.throw(Exception(5).with_traceback(6))
+                    b = 6"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+class Test_long(FixerTestCase):
+    fixer = "long"
+
+    def test_1(self):
+        b = """x = long(x)"""
+        a = """x = int(x)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_2(self):
+        b = """y = isinstance(x, long)"""
+        a = """y = isinstance(x, int)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_3(self):
+        b = """z = type(x) in (int, long)"""
+        a = """z = type(x) in (int, int)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_unchanged(self):
+        s = """long = True"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+        s = """s.long = True"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+        s = """def long(): pass"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+        s = """class long(): pass"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+        s = """def f(long): pass"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+        s = """def f(g, long): pass"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+        s = """def f(x, long=True): pass"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_prefix_preservation(self):
+        b = """x =   long(  x  )"""
+        a = """x =   int(  x  )"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+
+class Test_execfile(FixerTestCase):
+    fixer = "execfile"
+
+    def test_conversion(self):
+        b = """execfile("fn")"""
+        a = """exec(compile(open("fn").read(), "fn", 'exec'))"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """execfile("fn", glob)"""
+        a = """exec(compile(open("fn").read(), "fn", 'exec'), glob)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """execfile("fn", glob, loc)"""
+        a = """exec(compile(open("fn").read(), "fn", 'exec'), glob, loc)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """execfile("fn", globals=glob)"""
+        a = """exec(compile(open("fn").read(), "fn", 'exec'), globals=glob)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """execfile("fn", locals=loc)"""
+        a = """exec(compile(open("fn").read(), "fn", 'exec'), locals=loc)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """execfile("fn", globals=glob, locals=loc)"""
+        a = """exec(compile(open("fn").read(), "fn", 'exec'), globals=glob, locals=loc)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_spacing(self):
+        b = """execfile( "fn" )"""
+        a = """exec(compile(open( "fn" ).read(), "fn", 'exec'))"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """execfile("fn",  globals = glob)"""
+        a = """exec(compile(open("fn").read(), "fn", 'exec'),  globals = glob)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+
+class Test_isinstance(FixerTestCase):
+    fixer = "isinstance"
+
+    def test_remove_multiple_items(self):
+        b = """isinstance(x, (int, int, int))"""
+        a = """isinstance(x, int)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """isinstance(x, (int, float, int, int, float))"""
+        a = """isinstance(x, (int, float))"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """isinstance(x, (int, float, int, int, float, str))"""
+        a = """isinstance(x, (int, float, str))"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """isinstance(foo() + bar(), (x(), y(), x(), int, int))"""
+        a = """isinstance(foo() + bar(), (x(), y(), x(), int))"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_prefix_preservation(self):
+        b = """if    isinstance(  foo(), (  bar, bar, baz )) : pass"""
+        a = """if    isinstance(  foo(), (  bar, baz )) : pass"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_unchanged(self):
+        self.unchanged("isinstance(x, (str, int))")
+
+class Test_dict(FixerTestCase):
+    fixer = "dict"
+
+    def test_prefix_preservation(self):
+        b = "if   d. keys  (  )  : pass"
+        a = "if   list(d. keys  (  ))  : pass"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = "if   d. items  (  )  : pass"
+        a = "if   list(d. items  (  ))  : pass"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = "if   d. iterkeys  ( )  : pass"
+        a = "if   iter(d. keys  ( ))  : pass"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = "[i for i in    d.  iterkeys(  )  ]"
+        a = "[i for i in    d.  keys(  )  ]"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = "if   d. viewkeys  ( )  : pass"
+        a = "if   d. keys  ( )  : pass"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = "[i for i in    d.  viewkeys(  )  ]"
+        a = "[i for i in    d.  keys(  )  ]"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_trailing_comment(self):
+        b = "d.keys() # foo"
+        a = "list(d.keys()) # foo"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = "d.items()  # foo"
+        a = "list(d.items())  # foo"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = "d.iterkeys()  # foo"
+        a = "iter(d.keys())  # foo"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """[i for i in d.iterkeys() # foo
+               ]"""
+        a = """[i for i in d.keys() # foo
+               ]"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """[i for i in d.iterkeys() # foo
+               ]"""
+        a = """[i for i in d.keys() # foo
+               ]"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = "d.viewitems()  # foo"
+        a = "d.items()  # foo"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_unchanged(self):
+        for wrapper in fixer_util.consuming_calls:
+            s = "s = %s(d.keys())" % wrapper
+            self.unchanged(s)
+
+            s = "s = %s(d.values())" % wrapper
+            self.unchanged(s)
+
+            s = "s = %s(d.items())" % wrapper
+            self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_01(self):
+        b = "d.keys()"
+        a = "list(d.keys())"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = "a[0].foo().keys()"
+        a = "list(a[0].foo().keys())"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_02(self):
+        b = "d.items()"
+        a = "list(d.items())"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_03(self):
+        b = "d.values()"
+        a = "list(d.values())"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_04(self):
+        b = "d.iterkeys()"
+        a = "iter(d.keys())"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_05(self):
+        b = "d.iteritems()"
+        a = "iter(d.items())"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_06(self):
+        b = "d.itervalues()"
+        a = "iter(d.values())"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_07(self):
+        s = "list(d.keys())"
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_08(self):
+        s = "sorted(d.keys())"
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_09(self):
+        b = "iter(d.keys())"
+        a = "iter(list(d.keys()))"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_10(self):
+        b = "foo(d.keys())"
+        a = "foo(list(d.keys()))"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_11(self):
+        b = "for i in d.keys(): print i"
+        a = "for i in list(d.keys()): print i"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_12(self):
+        b = "for i in d.iterkeys(): print i"
+        a = "for i in d.keys(): print i"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_13(self):
+        b = "[i for i in d.keys()]"
+        a = "[i for i in list(d.keys())]"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_14(self):
+        b = "[i for i in d.iterkeys()]"
+        a = "[i for i in d.keys()]"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_15(self):
+        b = "(i for i in d.keys())"
+        a = "(i for i in list(d.keys()))"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_16(self):
+        b = "(i for i in d.iterkeys())"
+        a = "(i for i in d.keys())"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_17(self):
+        b = "iter(d.iterkeys())"
+        a = "iter(d.keys())"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_18(self):
+        b = "list(d.iterkeys())"
+        a = "list(d.keys())"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_19(self):
+        b = "sorted(d.iterkeys())"
+        a = "sorted(d.keys())"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_20(self):
+        b = "foo(d.iterkeys())"
+        a = "foo(iter(d.keys()))"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_21(self):
+        b = "print h.iterkeys().next()"
+        a = "print iter(h.keys()).next()"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_22(self):
+        b = "print h.keys()[0]"
+        a = "print list(h.keys())[0]"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_23(self):
+        b = "print list(h.iterkeys().next())"
+        a = "print list(iter(h.keys()).next())"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_24(self):
+        b = "for x in h.keys()[0]: print x"
+        a = "for x in list(h.keys())[0]: print x"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_25(self):
+        b = "d.viewkeys()"
+        a = "d.keys()"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_26(self):
+        b = "d.viewitems()"
+        a = "d.items()"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_27(self):
+        b = "d.viewvalues()"
+        a = "d.values()"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_28(self):
+        b = "[i for i in d.viewkeys()]"
+        a = "[i for i in d.keys()]"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_29(self):
+        b = "(i for i in d.viewkeys())"
+        a = "(i for i in d.keys())"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_30(self):
+        b = "iter(d.viewkeys())"
+        a = "iter(d.keys())"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_31(self):
+        b = "list(d.viewkeys())"
+        a = "list(d.keys())"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_32(self):
+        b = "sorted(d.viewkeys())"
+        a = "sorted(d.keys())"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+class Test_xrange(FixerTestCase):
+    fixer = "xrange"
+
+    def test_prefix_preservation(self):
+        b = """x =    xrange(  10  )"""
+        a = """x =    range(  10  )"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """x = xrange(  1  ,  10   )"""
+        a = """x = range(  1  ,  10   )"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """x = xrange(  0  ,  10 ,  2 )"""
+        a = """x = range(  0  ,  10 ,  2 )"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_single_arg(self):
+        b = """x = xrange(10)"""
+        a = """x = range(10)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_two_args(self):
+        b = """x = xrange(1, 10)"""
+        a = """x = range(1, 10)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_three_args(self):
+        b = """x = xrange(0, 10, 2)"""
+        a = """x = range(0, 10, 2)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_wrap_in_list(self):
+        b = """x = range(10, 3, 9)"""
+        a = """x = list(range(10, 3, 9))"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """x = foo(range(10, 3, 9))"""
+        a = """x = foo(list(range(10, 3, 9)))"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """x = range(10, 3, 9) + [4]"""
+        a = """x = list(range(10, 3, 9)) + [4]"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """x = range(10)[::-1]"""
+        a = """x = list(range(10))[::-1]"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """x = range(10)  [3]"""
+        a = """x = list(range(10))  [3]"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_xrange_in_for(self):
+        b = """for i in xrange(10):\n    j=i"""
+        a = """for i in range(10):\n    j=i"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """[i for i in xrange(10)]"""
+        a = """[i for i in range(10)]"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_range_in_for(self):
+        self.unchanged("for i in range(10): pass")
+        self.unchanged("[i for i in range(10)]")
+
+    def test_in_contains_test(self):
+        self.unchanged("x in range(10, 3, 9)")
+
+    def test_in_consuming_context(self):
+        for call in fixer_util.consuming_calls:
+            self.unchanged("a = %s(range(10))" % call)
+
+class Test_xrange_with_reduce(FixerTestCase):
+
+    def setUp(self):
+        super(Test_xrange_with_reduce, self).setUp(["xrange", "reduce"])
+
+    def test_double_transform(self):
+        b = """reduce(x, xrange(5))"""
+        a = """from functools import reduce
+reduce(x, range(5))"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+class Test_raw_input(FixerTestCase):
+    fixer = "raw_input"
+
+    def test_prefix_preservation(self):
+        b = """x =    raw_input(   )"""
+        a = """x =    input(   )"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """x = raw_input(   ''   )"""
+        a = """x = input(   ''   )"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_1(self):
+        b = """x = raw_input()"""
+        a = """x = input()"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_2(self):
+        b = """x = raw_input('')"""
+        a = """x = input('')"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_3(self):
+        b = """x = raw_input('prompt')"""
+        a = """x = input('prompt')"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_4(self):
+        b = """x = raw_input(foo(a) + 6)"""
+        a = """x = input(foo(a) + 6)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_5(self):
+        b = """x = raw_input(invite).split()"""
+        a = """x = input(invite).split()"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_6(self):
+        b = """x = raw_input(invite) . split ()"""
+        a = """x = input(invite) . split ()"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_8(self):
+        b = "x = int(raw_input())"
+        a = "x = int(input())"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+class Test_funcattrs(FixerTestCase):
+    fixer = "funcattrs"
+
+    attrs = ["closure", "doc", "name", "defaults", "code", "globals", "dict"]
+
+    def test(self):
+        for attr in self.attrs:
+            b = "a.func_%s" % attr
+            a = "a.__%s__" % attr
+            self.check(b, a)
+
+            b = "self.foo.func_%s.foo_bar" % attr
+            a = "self.foo.__%s__.foo_bar" % attr
+            self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_unchanged(self):
+        for attr in self.attrs:
+            s = "foo(func_%s + 5)" % attr
+            self.unchanged(s)
+
+            s = "f(foo.__%s__)" % attr
+            self.unchanged(s)
+
+            s = "f(foo.__%s__.foo)" % attr
+            self.unchanged(s)
+
+class Test_xreadlines(FixerTestCase):
+    fixer = "xreadlines"
+
+    def test_call(self):
+        b = "for x in f.xreadlines(): pass"
+        a = "for x in f: pass"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = "for x in foo().xreadlines(): pass"
+        a = "for x in foo(): pass"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = "for x in (5 + foo()).xreadlines(): pass"
+        a = "for x in (5 + foo()): pass"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_attr_ref(self):
+        b = "foo(f.xreadlines + 5)"
+        a = "foo(f.__iter__ + 5)"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = "foo(f().xreadlines + 5)"
+        a = "foo(f().__iter__ + 5)"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = "foo((5 + f()).xreadlines + 5)"
+        a = "foo((5 + f()).__iter__ + 5)"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_unchanged(self):
+        s = "for x in f.xreadlines(5): pass"
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+        s = "for x in f.xreadlines(k=5): pass"
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+        s = "for x in f.xreadlines(*k, **v): pass"
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+        s = "foo(xreadlines)"
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+
+class ImportsFixerTests:
+
+    def test_import_module(self):
+        for old, new in self.modules.items():
+            b = "import %s" % old
+            a = "import %s" % new
+            self.check(b, a)
+
+            b = "import foo, %s, bar" % old
+            a = "import foo, %s, bar" % new
+            self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_import_from(self):
+        for old, new in self.modules.items():
+            b = "from %s import foo" % old
+            a = "from %s import foo" % new
+            self.check(b, a)
+
+            b = "from %s import foo, bar" % old
+            a = "from %s import foo, bar" % new
+            self.check(b, a)
+
+            b = "from %s import (yes, no)" % old
+            a = "from %s import (yes, no)" % new
+            self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_import_module_as(self):
+        for old, new in self.modules.items():
+            b = "import %s as foo_bar" % old
+            a = "import %s as foo_bar" % new
+            self.check(b, a)
+
+            b = "import %s as foo_bar" % old
+            a = "import %s as foo_bar" % new
+            self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_import_from_as(self):
+        for old, new in self.modules.items():
+            b = "from %s import foo as bar" % old
+            a = "from %s import foo as bar" % new
+            self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_star(self):
+        for old, new in self.modules.items():
+            b = "from %s import *" % old
+            a = "from %s import *" % new
+            self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_import_module_usage(self):
+        for old, new in self.modules.items():
+            b = """
+                import %s
+                foo(%s.bar)
+                """ % (old, old)
+            a = """
+                import %s
+                foo(%s.bar)
+                """ % (new, new)
+            self.check(b, a)
+
+            b = """
+                from %s import x
+                %s = 23
+                """ % (old, old)
+            a = """
+                from %s import x
+                %s = 23
+                """ % (new, old)
+            self.check(b, a)
+
+            s = """
+                def f():
+                    %s.method()
+                """ % (old,)
+            self.unchanged(s)
+
+            # test nested usage
+            b = """
+                import %s
+                %s.bar(%s.foo)
+                """ % (old, old, old)
+            a = """
+                import %s
+                %s.bar(%s.foo)
+                """ % (new, new, new)
+            self.check(b, a)
+
+            b = """
+                import %s
+                x.%s
+                """ % (old, old)
+            a = """
+                import %s
+                x.%s
+                """ % (new, old)
+            self.check(b, a)
+
+
+class Test_imports(FixerTestCase, ImportsFixerTests):
+    fixer = "imports"
+    from ..fixes.fix_imports import MAPPING as modules
+
+    def test_multiple_imports(self):
+        b = """import urlparse, cStringIO"""
+        a = """import urllib.parse, io"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_multiple_imports_as(self):
+        b = """
+            import copy_reg as bar, HTMLParser as foo, urlparse
+            s = urlparse.spam(bar.foo())
+            """
+        a = """
+            import copyreg as bar, html.parser as foo, urllib.parse
+            s = urllib.parse.spam(bar.foo())
+            """
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+
+class Test_imports2(FixerTestCase, ImportsFixerTests):
+    fixer = "imports2"
+    from ..fixes.fix_imports2 import MAPPING as modules
+
+
+class Test_imports_fixer_order(FixerTestCase, ImportsFixerTests):
+
+    def setUp(self):
+        super(Test_imports_fixer_order, self).setUp(['imports', 'imports2'])
+        from ..fixes.fix_imports2 import MAPPING as mapping2
+        self.modules = mapping2.copy()
+        from ..fixes.fix_imports import MAPPING as mapping1
+        for key in ('dbhash', 'dumbdbm', 'dbm', 'gdbm'):
+            self.modules[key] = mapping1[key]
+
+    def test_after_local_imports_refactoring(self):
+        for fix in ("imports", "imports2"):
+            self.fixer = fix
+            self.assert_runs_after("import")
+
+
+class Test_urllib(FixerTestCase):
+    fixer = "urllib"
+    from ..fixes.fix_urllib import MAPPING as modules
+
+    def test_import_module(self):
+        for old, changes in self.modules.items():
+            b = "import %s" % old
+            a = "import %s" % ", ".join(map(itemgetter(0), changes))
+            self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_import_from(self):
+        for old, changes in self.modules.items():
+            all_members = []
+            for new, members in changes:
+                for member in members:
+                    all_members.append(member)
+                    b = "from %s import %s" % (old, member)
+                    a = "from %s import %s" % (new, member)
+                    self.check(b, a)
+
+                    s = "from foo import %s" % member
+                    self.unchanged(s)
+
+                b = "from %s import %s" % (old, ", ".join(members))
+                a = "from %s import %s" % (new, ", ".join(members))
+                self.check(b, a)
+
+                s = "from foo import %s" % ", ".join(members)
+                self.unchanged(s)
+
+            # test the breaking of a module into multiple replacements
+            b = "from %s import %s" % (old, ", ".join(all_members))
+            a = "\n".join(["from %s import %s" % (new, ", ".join(members))
+                            for (new, members) in changes])
+            self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_import_module_as(self):
+        for old in self.modules:
+            s = "import %s as foo" % old
+            self.warns_unchanged(s, "This module is now multiple modules")
+
+    def test_import_from_as(self):
+        for old, changes in self.modules.items():
+            for new, members in changes:
+                for member in members:
+                    b = "from %s import %s as foo_bar" % (old, member)
+                    a = "from %s import %s as foo_bar" % (new, member)
+                    self.check(b, a)
+                    b = "from %s import %s as blah, %s" % (old, member, member)
+                    a = "from %s import %s as blah, %s" % (new, member, member)
+                    self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_star(self):
+        for old in self.modules:
+            s = "from %s import *" % old
+            self.warns_unchanged(s, "Cannot handle star imports")
+
+    def test_indented(self):
+        b = """
+def foo():
+    from urllib import urlencode, urlopen
+"""
+        a = """
+def foo():
+    from urllib.parse import urlencode
+    from urllib.request import urlopen
+"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """
+def foo():
+    other()
+    from urllib import urlencode, urlopen
+"""
+        a = """
+def foo():
+    other()
+    from urllib.parse import urlencode
+    from urllib.request import urlopen
+"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+
+
+    def test_import_module_usage(self):
+        for old, changes in self.modules.items():
+            for new, members in changes:
+                for member in members:
+                    new_import = ", ".join([n for (n, mems)
+                                            in self.modules[old]])
+                    b = """
+                        import %s
+                        foo(%s.%s)
+                        """ % (old, old, member)
+                    a = """
+                        import %s
+                        foo(%s.%s)
+                        """ % (new_import, new, member)
+                    self.check(b, a)
+                    b = """
+                        import %s
+                        %s.%s(%s.%s)
+                        """ % (old, old, member, old, member)
+                    a = """
+                        import %s
+                        %s.%s(%s.%s)
+                        """ % (new_import, new, member, new, member)
+                    self.check(b, a)
+
+
+class Test_input(FixerTestCase):
+    fixer = "input"
+
+    def test_prefix_preservation(self):
+        b = """x =   input(   )"""
+        a = """x =   eval(input(   ))"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """x = input(   ''   )"""
+        a = """x = eval(input(   ''   ))"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_trailing_comment(self):
+        b = """x = input()  #  foo"""
+        a = """x = eval(input())  #  foo"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_idempotency(self):
+        s = """x = eval(input())"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+        s = """x = eval(input(''))"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+        s = """x = eval(input(foo(5) + 9))"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_1(self):
+        b = """x = input()"""
+        a = """x = eval(input())"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_2(self):
+        b = """x = input('')"""
+        a = """x = eval(input(''))"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_3(self):
+        b = """x = input('prompt')"""
+        a = """x = eval(input('prompt'))"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_4(self):
+        b = """x = input(foo(5) + 9)"""
+        a = """x = eval(input(foo(5) + 9))"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+class Test_tuple_params(FixerTestCase):
+    fixer = "tuple_params"
+
+    def test_unchanged_1(self):
+        s = """def foo(): pass"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_unchanged_2(self):
+        s = """def foo(a, b, c): pass"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_unchanged_3(self):
+        s = """def foo(a=3, b=4, c=5): pass"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_1(self):
+        b = """
+            def foo(((a, b), c)):
+                x = 5"""
+
+        a = """
+            def foo(xxx_todo_changeme):
+                ((a, b), c) = xxx_todo_changeme
+                x = 5"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_2(self):
+        b = """
+            def foo(((a, b), c), d):
+                x = 5"""
+
+        a = """
+            def foo(xxx_todo_changeme, d):
+                ((a, b), c) = xxx_todo_changeme
+                x = 5"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_3(self):
+        b = """
+            def foo(((a, b), c), d) -> e:
+                x = 5"""
+
+        a = """
+            def foo(xxx_todo_changeme, d) -> e:
+                ((a, b), c) = xxx_todo_changeme
+                x = 5"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_semicolon(self):
+        b = """
+            def foo(((a, b), c)): x = 5; y = 7"""
+
+        a = """
+            def foo(xxx_todo_changeme): ((a, b), c) = xxx_todo_changeme; x = 5; y = 7"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_keywords(self):
+        b = """
+            def foo(((a, b), c), d, e=5) -> z:
+                x = 5"""
+
+        a = """
+            def foo(xxx_todo_changeme, d, e=5) -> z:
+                ((a, b), c) = xxx_todo_changeme
+                x = 5"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_varargs(self):
+        b = """
+            def foo(((a, b), c), d, *vargs, **kwargs) -> z:
+                x = 5"""
+
+        a = """
+            def foo(xxx_todo_changeme, d, *vargs, **kwargs) -> z:
+                ((a, b), c) = xxx_todo_changeme
+                x = 5"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_multi_1(self):
+        b = """
+            def foo(((a, b), c), (d, e, f)) -> z:
+                x = 5"""
+
+        a = """
+            def foo(xxx_todo_changeme, xxx_todo_changeme1) -> z:
+                ((a, b), c) = xxx_todo_changeme
+                (d, e, f) = xxx_todo_changeme1
+                x = 5"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_multi_2(self):
+        b = """
+            def foo(x, ((a, b), c), d, (e, f, g), y) -> z:
+                x = 5"""
+
+        a = """
+            def foo(x, xxx_todo_changeme, d, xxx_todo_changeme1, y) -> z:
+                ((a, b), c) = xxx_todo_changeme
+                (e, f, g) = xxx_todo_changeme1
+                x = 5"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_docstring(self):
+        b = """
+            def foo(((a, b), c), (d, e, f)) -> z:
+                "foo foo foo foo"
+                x = 5"""
+
+        a = """
+            def foo(xxx_todo_changeme, xxx_todo_changeme1) -> z:
+                "foo foo foo foo"
+                ((a, b), c) = xxx_todo_changeme
+                (d, e, f) = xxx_todo_changeme1
+                x = 5"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_lambda_no_change(self):
+        s = """lambda x: x + 5"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_lambda_parens_single_arg(self):
+        b = """lambda (x): x + 5"""
+        a = """lambda x: x + 5"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """lambda(x): x + 5"""
+        a = """lambda x: x + 5"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """lambda ((((x)))): x + 5"""
+        a = """lambda x: x + 5"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """lambda((((x)))): x + 5"""
+        a = """lambda x: x + 5"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_lambda_simple(self):
+        b = """lambda (x, y): x + f(y)"""
+        a = """lambda x_y: x_y[0] + f(x_y[1])"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """lambda(x, y): x + f(y)"""
+        a = """lambda x_y: x_y[0] + f(x_y[1])"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """lambda (((x, y))): x + f(y)"""
+        a = """lambda x_y: x_y[0] + f(x_y[1])"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """lambda(((x, y))): x + f(y)"""
+        a = """lambda x_y: x_y[0] + f(x_y[1])"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_lambda_one_tuple(self):
+        b = """lambda (x,): x + f(x)"""
+        a = """lambda x1: x1[0] + f(x1[0])"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """lambda (((x,))): x + f(x)"""
+        a = """lambda x1: x1[0] + f(x1[0])"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_lambda_simple_multi_use(self):
+        b = """lambda (x, y): x + x + f(x) + x"""
+        a = """lambda x_y: x_y[0] + x_y[0] + f(x_y[0]) + x_y[0]"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_lambda_simple_reverse(self):
+        b = """lambda (x, y): y + x"""
+        a = """lambda x_y: x_y[1] + x_y[0]"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_lambda_nested(self):
+        b = """lambda (x, (y, z)): x + y + z"""
+        a = """lambda x_y_z: x_y_z[0] + x_y_z[1][0] + x_y_z[1][1]"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """lambda (((x, (y, z)))): x + y + z"""
+        a = """lambda x_y_z: x_y_z[0] + x_y_z[1][0] + x_y_z[1][1]"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_lambda_nested_multi_use(self):
+        b = """lambda (x, (y, z)): x + y + f(y)"""
+        a = """lambda x_y_z: x_y_z[0] + x_y_z[1][0] + f(x_y_z[1][0])"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+class Test_methodattrs(FixerTestCase):
+    fixer = "methodattrs"
+
+    attrs = ["func", "self", "class"]
+
+    def test(self):
+        for attr in self.attrs:
+            b = "a.im_%s" % attr
+            if attr == "class":
+                a = "a.__self__.__class__"
+            else:
+                a = "a.__%s__" % attr
+            self.check(b, a)
+
+            b = "self.foo.im_%s.foo_bar" % attr
+            if attr == "class":
+                a = "self.foo.__self__.__class__.foo_bar"
+            else:
+                a = "self.foo.__%s__.foo_bar" % attr
+            self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_unchanged(self):
+        for attr in self.attrs:
+            s = "foo(im_%s + 5)" % attr
+            self.unchanged(s)
+
+            s = "f(foo.__%s__)" % attr
+            self.unchanged(s)
+
+            s = "f(foo.__%s__.foo)" % attr
+            self.unchanged(s)
+
+class Test_next(FixerTestCase):
+    fixer = "next"
+
+    def test_1(self):
+        b = """it.next()"""
+        a = """next(it)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_2(self):
+        b = """a.b.c.d.next()"""
+        a = """next(a.b.c.d)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_3(self):
+        b = """(a + b).next()"""
+        a = """next((a + b))"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_4(self):
+        b = """a().next()"""
+        a = """next(a())"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_5(self):
+        b = """a().next() + b"""
+        a = """next(a()) + b"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_6(self):
+        b = """c(      a().next() + b)"""
+        a = """c(      next(a()) + b)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_prefix_preservation_1(self):
+        b = """
+            for a in b:
+                foo(a)
+                a.next()
+            """
+        a = """
+            for a in b:
+                foo(a)
+                next(a)
+            """
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_prefix_preservation_2(self):
+        b = """
+            for a in b:
+                foo(a) # abc
+                # def
+                a.next()
+            """
+        a = """
+            for a in b:
+                foo(a) # abc
+                # def
+                next(a)
+            """
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_prefix_preservation_3(self):
+        b = """
+            next = 5
+            for a in b:
+                foo(a)
+                a.next()
+            """
+        a = """
+            next = 5
+            for a in b:
+                foo(a)
+                a.__next__()
+            """
+        self.check(b, a, ignore_warnings=True)
+
+    def test_prefix_preservation_4(self):
+        b = """
+            next = 5
+            for a in b:
+                foo(a) # abc
+                # def
+                a.next()
+            """
+        a = """
+            next = 5
+            for a in b:
+                foo(a) # abc
+                # def
+                a.__next__()
+            """
+        self.check(b, a, ignore_warnings=True)
+
+    def test_prefix_preservation_5(self):
+        b = """
+            next = 5
+            for a in b:
+                foo(foo(a), # abc
+                    a.next())
+            """
+        a = """
+            next = 5
+            for a in b:
+                foo(foo(a), # abc
+                    a.__next__())
+            """
+        self.check(b, a, ignore_warnings=True)
+
+    def test_prefix_preservation_6(self):
+        b = """
+            for a in b:
+                foo(foo(a), # abc
+                    a.next())
+            """
+        a = """
+            for a in b:
+                foo(foo(a), # abc
+                    next(a))
+            """
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_method_1(self):
+        b = """
+            class A:
+                def next(self):
+                    pass
+            """
+        a = """
+            class A:
+                def __next__(self):
+                    pass
+            """
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_method_2(self):
+        b = """
+            class A(object):
+                def next(self):
+                    pass
+            """
+        a = """
+            class A(object):
+                def __next__(self):
+                    pass
+            """
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_method_3(self):
+        b = """
+            class A:
+                def next(x):
+                    pass
+            """
+        a = """
+            class A:
+                def __next__(x):
+                    pass
+            """
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_method_4(self):
+        b = """
+            class A:
+                def __init__(self, foo):
+                    self.foo = foo
+
+                def next(self):
+                    pass
+
+                def __iter__(self):
+                    return self
+            """
+        a = """
+            class A:
+                def __init__(self, foo):
+                    self.foo = foo
+
+                def __next__(self):
+                    pass
+
+                def __iter__(self):
+                    return self
+            """
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_method_unchanged(self):
+        s = """
+            class A:
+                def next(self, a, b):
+                    pass
+            """
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_shadowing_assign_simple(self):
+        s = """
+            next = foo
+
+            class A:
+                def next(self, a, b):
+                    pass
+            """
+        self.warns_unchanged(s, "Calls to builtin next() possibly shadowed")
+
+    def test_shadowing_assign_tuple_1(self):
+        s = """
+            (next, a) = foo
+
+            class A:
+                def next(self, a, b):
+                    pass
+            """
+        self.warns_unchanged(s, "Calls to builtin next() possibly shadowed")
+
+    def test_shadowing_assign_tuple_2(self):
+        s = """
+            (a, (b, (next, c)), a) = foo
+
+            class A:
+                def next(self, a, b):
+                    pass
+            """
+        self.warns_unchanged(s, "Calls to builtin next() possibly shadowed")
+
+    def test_shadowing_assign_list_1(self):
+        s = """
+            [next, a] = foo
+
+            class A:
+                def next(self, a, b):
+                    pass
+            """
+        self.warns_unchanged(s, "Calls to builtin next() possibly shadowed")
+
+    def test_shadowing_assign_list_2(self):
+        s = """
+            [a, [b, [next, c]], a] = foo
+
+            class A:
+                def next(self, a, b):
+                    pass
+            """
+        self.warns_unchanged(s, "Calls to builtin next() possibly shadowed")
+
+    def test_builtin_assign(self):
+        s = """
+            def foo():
+                __builtin__.next = foo
+
+            class A:
+                def next(self, a, b):
+                    pass
+            """
+        self.warns_unchanged(s, "Calls to builtin next() possibly shadowed")
+
+    def test_builtin_assign_in_tuple(self):
+        s = """
+            def foo():
+                (a, __builtin__.next) = foo
+
+            class A:
+                def next(self, a, b):
+                    pass
+            """
+        self.warns_unchanged(s, "Calls to builtin next() possibly shadowed")
+
+    def test_builtin_assign_in_list(self):
+        s = """
+            def foo():
+                [a, __builtin__.next] = foo
+
+            class A:
+                def next(self, a, b):
+                    pass
+            """
+        self.warns_unchanged(s, "Calls to builtin next() possibly shadowed")
+
+    def test_assign_to_next(self):
+        s = """
+            def foo():
+                A.next = foo
+
+            class A:
+                def next(self, a, b):
+                    pass
+            """
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_assign_to_next_in_tuple(self):
+        s = """
+            def foo():
+                (a, A.next) = foo
+
+            class A:
+                def next(self, a, b):
+                    pass
+            """
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_assign_to_next_in_list(self):
+        s = """
+            def foo():
+                [a, A.next] = foo
+
+            class A:
+                def next(self, a, b):
+                    pass
+            """
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_shadowing_import_1(self):
+        s = """
+            import foo.bar as next
+
+            class A:
+                def next(self, a, b):
+                    pass
+            """
+        self.warns_unchanged(s, "Calls to builtin next() possibly shadowed")
+
+    def test_shadowing_import_2(self):
+        s = """
+            import bar, bar.foo as next
+
+            class A:
+                def next(self, a, b):
+                    pass
+            """
+        self.warns_unchanged(s, "Calls to builtin next() possibly shadowed")
+
+    def test_shadowing_import_3(self):
+        s = """
+            import bar, bar.foo as next, baz
+
+            class A:
+                def next(self, a, b):
+                    pass
+            """
+        self.warns_unchanged(s, "Calls to builtin next() possibly shadowed")
+
+    def test_shadowing_import_from_1(self):
+        s = """
+            from x import next
+
+            class A:
+                def next(self, a, b):
+                    pass
+            """
+        self.warns_unchanged(s, "Calls to builtin next() possibly shadowed")
+
+    def test_shadowing_import_from_2(self):
+        s = """
+            from x.a import next
+
+            class A:
+                def next(self, a, b):
+                    pass
+            """
+        self.warns_unchanged(s, "Calls to builtin next() possibly shadowed")
+
+    def test_shadowing_import_from_3(self):
+        s = """
+            from x import a, next, b
+
+            class A:
+                def next(self, a, b):
+                    pass
+            """
+        self.warns_unchanged(s, "Calls to builtin next() possibly shadowed")
+
+    def test_shadowing_import_from_4(self):
+        s = """
+            from x.a import a, next, b
+
+            class A:
+                def next(self, a, b):
+                    pass
+            """
+        self.warns_unchanged(s, "Calls to builtin next() possibly shadowed")
+
+    def test_shadowing_funcdef_1(self):
+        s = """
+            def next(a):
+                pass
+
+            class A:
+                def next(self, a, b):
+                    pass
+            """
+        self.warns_unchanged(s, "Calls to builtin next() possibly shadowed")
+
+    def test_shadowing_funcdef_2(self):
+        b = """
+            def next(a):
+                pass
+
+            class A:
+                def next(self):
+                    pass
+
+            it.next()
+            """
+        a = """
+            def next(a):
+                pass
+
+            class A:
+                def __next__(self):
+                    pass
+
+            it.__next__()
+            """
+        self.warns(b, a, "Calls to builtin next() possibly shadowed")
+
+    def test_shadowing_global_1(self):
+        s = """
+            def f():
+                global next
+                next = 5
+            """
+        self.warns_unchanged(s, "Calls to builtin next() possibly shadowed")
+
+    def test_shadowing_global_2(self):
+        s = """
+            def f():
+                global a, next, b
+                next = 5
+            """
+        self.warns_unchanged(s, "Calls to builtin next() possibly shadowed")
+
+    def test_shadowing_for_simple(self):
+        s = """
+            for next in it():
+                pass
+
+            b = 5
+            c = 6
+            """
+        self.warns_unchanged(s, "Calls to builtin next() possibly shadowed")
+
+    def test_shadowing_for_tuple_1(self):
+        s = """
+            for next, b in it():
+                pass
+
+            b = 5
+            c = 6
+            """
+        self.warns_unchanged(s, "Calls to builtin next() possibly shadowed")
+
+    def test_shadowing_for_tuple_2(self):
+        s = """
+            for a, (next, c), b in it():
+                pass
+
+            b = 5
+            c = 6
+            """
+        self.warns_unchanged(s, "Calls to builtin next() possibly shadowed")
+
+    def test_noncall_access_1(self):
+        b = """gnext = g.next"""
+        a = """gnext = g.__next__"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_noncall_access_2(self):
+        b = """f(g.next + 5)"""
+        a = """f(g.__next__ + 5)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_noncall_access_3(self):
+        b = """f(g().next + 5)"""
+        a = """f(g().__next__ + 5)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+class Test_nonzero(FixerTestCase):
+    fixer = "nonzero"
+
+    def test_1(self):
+        b = """
+            class A:
+                def __nonzero__(self):
+                    pass
+            """
+        a = """
+            class A:
+                def __bool__(self):
+                    pass
+            """
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_2(self):
+        b = """
+            class A(object):
+                def __nonzero__(self):
+                    pass
+            """
+        a = """
+            class A(object):
+                def __bool__(self):
+                    pass
+            """
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_unchanged_1(self):
+        s = """
+            class A(object):
+                def __bool__(self):
+                    pass
+            """
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_unchanged_2(self):
+        s = """
+            class A(object):
+                def __nonzero__(self, a):
+                    pass
+            """
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_unchanged_func(self):
+        s = """
+            def __nonzero__(self):
+                pass
+            """
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+class Test_numliterals(FixerTestCase):
+    fixer = "numliterals"
+
+    def test_octal_1(self):
+        b = """0755"""
+        a = """0o755"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_long_int_1(self):
+        b = """a = 12L"""
+        a = """a = 12"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_long_int_2(self):
+        b = """a = 12l"""
+        a = """a = 12"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_long_hex(self):
+        b = """b = 0x12l"""
+        a = """b = 0x12"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_comments_and_spacing(self):
+        b = """b =   0x12L"""
+        a = """b =   0x12"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """b = 0755 # spam"""
+        a = """b = 0o755 # spam"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_unchanged_int(self):
+        s = """5"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_unchanged_float(self):
+        s = """5.0"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_unchanged_octal(self):
+        s = """0o755"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_unchanged_hex(self):
+        s = """0xABC"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_unchanged_exp(self):
+        s = """5.0e10"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_unchanged_complex_int(self):
+        s = """5 + 4j"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_unchanged_complex_float(self):
+        s = """5.4 + 4.9j"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_unchanged_complex_bare(self):
+        s = """4j"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+        s = """4.4j"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+class Test_renames(FixerTestCase):
+    fixer = "renames"
+
+    modules = {"sys":  ("maxint", "maxsize"),
+              }
+
+    def test_import_from(self):
+        for mod, (old, new) in list(self.modules.items()):
+            b = "from %s import %s" % (mod, old)
+            a = "from %s import %s" % (mod, new)
+            self.check(b, a)
+
+            s = "from foo import %s" % old
+            self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_import_from_as(self):
+        for mod, (old, new) in list(self.modules.items()):
+            b = "from %s import %s as foo_bar" % (mod, old)
+            a = "from %s import %s as foo_bar" % (mod, new)
+            self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_import_module_usage(self):
+        for mod, (old, new) in list(self.modules.items()):
+            b = """
+                import %s
+                foo(%s, %s.%s)
+                """ % (mod, mod, mod, old)
+            a = """
+                import %s
+                foo(%s, %s.%s)
+                """ % (mod, mod, mod, new)
+            self.check(b, a)
+
+    def XXX_test_from_import_usage(self):
+        # not implemented yet
+        for mod, (old, new) in list(self.modules.items()):
+            b = """
+                from %s import %s
+                foo(%s, %s)
+                """ % (mod, old, mod, old)
+            a = """
+                from %s import %s
+                foo(%s, %s)
+                """ % (mod, new, mod, new)
+            self.check(b, a)
+
+class Test_unicode(FixerTestCase):
+    fixer = "unicode"
+
+    def test_whitespace(self):
+        b = """unicode( x)"""
+        a = """str( x)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """ unicode(x )"""
+        a = """ str(x )"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """ u'h'"""
+        a = """ 'h'"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_unicode_call(self):
+        b = """unicode(x, y, z)"""
+        a = """str(x, y, z)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_unichr(self):
+        b = """unichr(u'h')"""
+        a = """chr('h')"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_unicode_literal_1(self):
+        b = '''u"x"'''
+        a = '''"x"'''
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_unicode_literal_2(self):
+        b = """ur'x'"""
+        a = """r'x'"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_unicode_literal_3(self):
+        b = """UR'''x''' """
+        a = """R'''x''' """
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_native_literal_escape_u(self):
+        b = r"""'\\\u20ac\U0001d121\\u20ac'"""
+        a = r"""'\\\\u20ac\\U0001d121\\u20ac'"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = r"""r'\\\u20ac\U0001d121\\u20ac'"""
+        a = r"""r'\\\u20ac\U0001d121\\u20ac'"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_bytes_literal_escape_u(self):
+        b = r"""b'\\\u20ac\U0001d121\\u20ac'"""
+        a = r"""b'\\\u20ac\U0001d121\\u20ac'"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = r"""br'\\\u20ac\U0001d121\\u20ac'"""
+        a = r"""br'\\\u20ac\U0001d121\\u20ac'"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_unicode_literal_escape_u(self):
+        b = r"""u'\\\u20ac\U0001d121\\u20ac'"""
+        a = r"""'\\\u20ac\U0001d121\\u20ac'"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = r"""ur'\\\u20ac\U0001d121\\u20ac'"""
+        a = r"""r'\\\u20ac\U0001d121\\u20ac'"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_native_unicode_literal_escape_u(self):
+        f = 'from __future__ import unicode_literals\n'
+        b = f + r"""'\\\u20ac\U0001d121\\u20ac'"""
+        a = f + r"""'\\\u20ac\U0001d121\\u20ac'"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = f + r"""r'\\\u20ac\U0001d121\\u20ac'"""
+        a = f + r"""r'\\\u20ac\U0001d121\\u20ac'"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+
+class Test_filter(FixerTestCase):
+    fixer = "filter"
+
+    def test_prefix_preservation(self):
+        b = """x =   filter(    foo,     'abc'   )"""
+        a = """x =   list(filter(    foo,     'abc'   ))"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """x =   filter(  None , 'abc'  )"""
+        a = """x =   [_f for _f in 'abc' if _f]"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_filter_basic(self):
+        b = """x = filter(None, 'abc')"""
+        a = """x = [_f for _f in 'abc' if _f]"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """x = len(filter(f, 'abc'))"""
+        a = """x = len(list(filter(f, 'abc')))"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """x = filter(lambda x: x%2 == 0, range(10))"""
+        a = """x = [x for x in range(10) if x%2 == 0]"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        # Note the parens around x
+        b = """x = filter(lambda (x): x%2 == 0, range(10))"""
+        a = """x = [x for x in range(10) if x%2 == 0]"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_filter_trailers(self):
+        b = """x = filter(None, 'abc')[0]"""
+        a = """x = [_f for _f in 'abc' if _f][0]"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """x = len(filter(f, 'abc')[0])"""
+        a = """x = len(list(filter(f, 'abc'))[0])"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """x = filter(lambda x: x%2 == 0, range(10))[0]"""
+        a = """x = [x for x in range(10) if x%2 == 0][0]"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        # Note the parens around x
+        b = """x = filter(lambda (x): x%2 == 0, range(10))[0]"""
+        a = """x = [x for x in range(10) if x%2 == 0][0]"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_filter_nochange(self):
+        a = """b.join(filter(f, 'abc'))"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """(a + foo(5)).join(filter(f, 'abc'))"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """iter(filter(f, 'abc'))"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """list(filter(f, 'abc'))"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """list(filter(f, 'abc'))[0]"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """set(filter(f, 'abc'))"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """set(filter(f, 'abc')).pop()"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """tuple(filter(f, 'abc'))"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """any(filter(f, 'abc'))"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """all(filter(f, 'abc'))"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """sum(filter(f, 'abc'))"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """sorted(filter(f, 'abc'))"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """sorted(filter(f, 'abc'), key=blah)"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """sorted(filter(f, 'abc'), key=blah)[0]"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """enumerate(filter(f, 'abc'))"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """enumerate(filter(f, 'abc'), start=1)"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """for i in filter(f, 'abc'): pass"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """[x for x in filter(f, 'abc')]"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """(x for x in filter(f, 'abc'))"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+
+    def test_future_builtins(self):
+        a = "from future_builtins import spam, filter; filter(f, 'ham')"
+        self.unchanged(a)
+
+        b = """from future_builtins import spam; x = filter(f, 'abc')"""
+        a = """from future_builtins import spam; x = list(filter(f, 'abc'))"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        a = "from future_builtins import *; filter(f, 'ham')"
+        self.unchanged(a)
+
+class Test_map(FixerTestCase):
+    fixer = "map"
+
+    def check(self, b, a):
+        self.unchanged("from future_builtins import map; " + b, a)
+        super(Test_map, self).check(b, a)
+
+    def test_prefix_preservation(self):
+        b = """x =    map(   f,    'abc'   )"""
+        a = """x =    list(map(   f,    'abc'   ))"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_map_trailers(self):
+        b = """x = map(f, 'abc')[0]"""
+        a = """x = list(map(f, 'abc'))[0]"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """x = map(None, l)[0]"""
+        a = """x = list(l)[0]"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """x = map(lambda x:x, l)[0]"""
+        a = """x = [x for x in l][0]"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """x = map(f, 'abc')[0][1]"""
+        a = """x = list(map(f, 'abc'))[0][1]"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_trailing_comment(self):
+        b = """x = map(f, 'abc')   #   foo"""
+        a = """x = list(map(f, 'abc'))   #   foo"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_None_with_multiple_arguments(self):
+        s = """x = map(None, a, b, c)"""
+        self.warns_unchanged(s, "cannot convert map(None, ...) with "
+                             "multiple arguments")
+
+    def test_map_basic(self):
+        b = """x = map(f, 'abc')"""
+        a = """x = list(map(f, 'abc'))"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """x = len(map(f, 'abc', 'def'))"""
+        a = """x = len(list(map(f, 'abc', 'def')))"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """x = map(None, 'abc')"""
+        a = """x = list('abc')"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """x = map(lambda x: x+1, range(4))"""
+        a = """x = [x+1 for x in range(4)]"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        # Note the parens around x
+        b = """x = map(lambda (x): x+1, range(4))"""
+        a = """x = [x+1 for x in range(4)]"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """
+            foo()
+            # foo
+            map(f, x)
+            """
+        a = """
+            foo()
+            # foo
+            list(map(f, x))
+            """
+        self.warns(b, a, "You should use a for loop here")
+
+    def test_map_nochange(self):
+        a = """b.join(map(f, 'abc'))"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """(a + foo(5)).join(map(f, 'abc'))"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """iter(map(f, 'abc'))"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """list(map(f, 'abc'))"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """list(map(f, 'abc'))[0]"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """set(map(f, 'abc'))"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """set(map(f, 'abc')).pop()"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """tuple(map(f, 'abc'))"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """any(map(f, 'abc'))"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """all(map(f, 'abc'))"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """sum(map(f, 'abc'))"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """sorted(map(f, 'abc'))"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """sorted(map(f, 'abc'), key=blah)"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """sorted(map(f, 'abc'), key=blah)[0]"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """enumerate(map(f, 'abc'))"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """enumerate(map(f, 'abc'), start=1)"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """for i in map(f, 'abc'): pass"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """[x for x in map(f, 'abc')]"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """(x for x in map(f, 'abc'))"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+
+    def test_future_builtins(self):
+        a = "from future_builtins import spam, map, eggs; map(f, 'ham')"
+        self.unchanged(a)
+
+        b = """from future_builtins import spam, eggs; x = map(f, 'abc')"""
+        a = """from future_builtins import spam, eggs; x = list(map(f, 'abc'))"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        a = "from future_builtins import *; map(f, 'ham')"
+        self.unchanged(a)
+
+class Test_zip(FixerTestCase):
+    fixer = "zip"
+
+    def check(self, b, a):
+        self.unchanged("from future_builtins import zip; " + b, a)
+        super(Test_zip, self).check(b, a)
+
+    def test_zip_basic(self):
+        b = """x = zip()"""
+        a = """x = list(zip())"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """x = zip(a, b, c)"""
+        a = """x = list(zip(a, b, c))"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """x = len(zip(a, b))"""
+        a = """x = len(list(zip(a, b)))"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_zip_trailers(self):
+        b = """x = zip(a, b, c)[0]"""
+        a = """x = list(zip(a, b, c))[0]"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """x = zip(a, b, c)[0][1]"""
+        a = """x = list(zip(a, b, c))[0][1]"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_zip_nochange(self):
+        a = """b.join(zip(a, b))"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """(a + foo(5)).join(zip(a, b))"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """iter(zip(a, b))"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """list(zip(a, b))"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """list(zip(a, b))[0]"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """set(zip(a, b))"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """set(zip(a, b)).pop()"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """tuple(zip(a, b))"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """any(zip(a, b))"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """all(zip(a, b))"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """sum(zip(a, b))"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """sorted(zip(a, b))"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """sorted(zip(a, b), key=blah)"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """sorted(zip(a, b), key=blah)[0]"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """enumerate(zip(a, b))"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """enumerate(zip(a, b), start=1)"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """for i in zip(a, b): pass"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """[x for x in zip(a, b)]"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+        a = """(x for x in zip(a, b))"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+
+    def test_future_builtins(self):
+        a = "from future_builtins import spam, zip, eggs; zip(a, b)"
+        self.unchanged(a)
+
+        b = """from future_builtins import spam, eggs; x = zip(a, b)"""
+        a = """from future_builtins import spam, eggs; x = list(zip(a, b))"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        a = "from future_builtins import *; zip(a, b)"
+        self.unchanged(a)
+
+class Test_standarderror(FixerTestCase):
+    fixer = "standarderror"
+
+    def test(self):
+        b = """x =    StandardError()"""
+        a = """x =    Exception()"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """x = StandardError(a, b, c)"""
+        a = """x = Exception(a, b, c)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """f(2 + StandardError(a, b, c))"""
+        a = """f(2 + Exception(a, b, c))"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+class Test_types(FixerTestCase):
+    fixer = "types"
+
+    def test_basic_types_convert(self):
+        b = """types.StringType"""
+        a = """bytes"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """types.DictType"""
+        a = """dict"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """types . IntType"""
+        a = """int"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """types.ListType"""
+        a = """list"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """types.LongType"""
+        a = """int"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """types.NoneType"""
+        a = """type(None)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = "types.StringTypes"
+        a = "(str,)"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+class Test_idioms(FixerTestCase):
+    fixer = "idioms"
+
+    def test_while(self):
+        b = """while 1: foo()"""
+        a = """while True: foo()"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """while   1: foo()"""
+        a = """while   True: foo()"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """
+            while 1:
+                foo()
+            """
+        a = """
+            while True:
+                foo()
+            """
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_while_unchanged(self):
+        s = """while 11: foo()"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+        s = """while 0: foo()"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+        s = """while foo(): foo()"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+        s = """while []: foo()"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_eq_simple(self):
+        b = """type(x) == T"""
+        a = """isinstance(x, T)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """if   type(x) == T: pass"""
+        a = """if   isinstance(x, T): pass"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_eq_reverse(self):
+        b = """T == type(x)"""
+        a = """isinstance(x, T)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """if   T == type(x): pass"""
+        a = """if   isinstance(x, T): pass"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_eq_expression(self):
+        b = """type(x+y) == d.get('T')"""
+        a = """isinstance(x+y, d.get('T'))"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """type(   x  +  y) == d.get('T')"""
+        a = """isinstance(x  +  y, d.get('T'))"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_is_simple(self):
+        b = """type(x) is T"""
+        a = """isinstance(x, T)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """if   type(x) is T: pass"""
+        a = """if   isinstance(x, T): pass"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_is_reverse(self):
+        b = """T is type(x)"""
+        a = """isinstance(x, T)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """if   T is type(x): pass"""
+        a = """if   isinstance(x, T): pass"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_is_expression(self):
+        b = """type(x+y) is d.get('T')"""
+        a = """isinstance(x+y, d.get('T'))"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """type(   x  +  y) is d.get('T')"""
+        a = """isinstance(x  +  y, d.get('T'))"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_is_not_simple(self):
+        b = """type(x) is not T"""
+        a = """not isinstance(x, T)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """if   type(x) is not T: pass"""
+        a = """if   not isinstance(x, T): pass"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_is_not_reverse(self):
+        b = """T is not type(x)"""
+        a = """not isinstance(x, T)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """if   T is not type(x): pass"""
+        a = """if   not isinstance(x, T): pass"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_is_not_expression(self):
+        b = """type(x+y) is not d.get('T')"""
+        a = """not isinstance(x+y, d.get('T'))"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """type(   x  +  y) is not d.get('T')"""
+        a = """not isinstance(x  +  y, d.get('T'))"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_ne_simple(self):
+        b = """type(x) != T"""
+        a = """not isinstance(x, T)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """if   type(x) != T: pass"""
+        a = """if   not isinstance(x, T): pass"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_ne_reverse(self):
+        b = """T != type(x)"""
+        a = """not isinstance(x, T)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """if   T != type(x): pass"""
+        a = """if   not isinstance(x, T): pass"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_ne_expression(self):
+        b = """type(x+y) != d.get('T')"""
+        a = """not isinstance(x+y, d.get('T'))"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """type(   x  +  y) != d.get('T')"""
+        a = """not isinstance(x  +  y, d.get('T'))"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_type_unchanged(self):
+        a = """type(x).__name__"""
+        self.unchanged(a)
+
+    def test_sort_list_call(self):
+        b = """
+            v = list(t)
+            v.sort()
+            foo(v)
+            """
+        a = """
+            v = sorted(t)
+            foo(v)
+            """
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """
+            v = list(foo(b) + d)
+            v.sort()
+            foo(v)
+            """
+        a = """
+            v = sorted(foo(b) + d)
+            foo(v)
+            """
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """
+            while x:
+                v = list(t)
+                v.sort()
+                foo(v)
+            """
+        a = """
+            while x:
+                v = sorted(t)
+                foo(v)
+            """
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """
+            v = list(t)
+            # foo
+            v.sort()
+            foo(v)
+            """
+        a = """
+            v = sorted(t)
+            # foo
+            foo(v)
+            """
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = r"""
+            v = list(   t)
+            v.sort()
+            foo(v)
+            """
+        a = r"""
+            v = sorted(   t)
+            foo(v)
+            """
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = r"""
+            try:
+                m = list(s)
+                m.sort()
+            except: pass
+            """
+
+        a = r"""
+            try:
+                m = sorted(s)
+            except: pass
+            """
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = r"""
+            try:
+                m = list(s)
+                # foo
+                m.sort()
+            except: pass
+            """
+
+        a = r"""
+            try:
+                m = sorted(s)
+                # foo
+            except: pass
+            """
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = r"""
+            m = list(s)
+            # more comments
+            m.sort()"""
+
+        a = r"""
+            m = sorted(s)
+            # more comments"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_sort_simple_expr(self):
+        b = """
+            v = t
+            v.sort()
+            foo(v)
+            """
+        a = """
+            v = sorted(t)
+            foo(v)
+            """
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """
+            v = foo(b)
+            v.sort()
+            foo(v)
+            """
+        a = """
+            v = sorted(foo(b))
+            foo(v)
+            """
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """
+            v = b.keys()
+            v.sort()
+            foo(v)
+            """
+        a = """
+            v = sorted(b.keys())
+            foo(v)
+            """
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """
+            v = foo(b) + d
+            v.sort()
+            foo(v)
+            """
+        a = """
+            v = sorted(foo(b) + d)
+            foo(v)
+            """
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """
+            while x:
+                v = t
+                v.sort()
+                foo(v)
+            """
+        a = """
+            while x:
+                v = sorted(t)
+                foo(v)
+            """
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """
+            v = t
+            # foo
+            v.sort()
+            foo(v)
+            """
+        a = """
+            v = sorted(t)
+            # foo
+            foo(v)
+            """
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = r"""
+            v =   t
+            v.sort()
+            foo(v)
+            """
+        a = r"""
+            v =   sorted(t)
+            foo(v)
+            """
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_sort_unchanged(self):
+        s = """
+            v = list(t)
+            w.sort()
+            foo(w)
+            """
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+        s = """
+            v = list(t)
+            v.sort(u)
+            foo(v)
+            """
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+class Test_basestring(FixerTestCase):
+    fixer = "basestring"
+
+    def test_basestring(self):
+        b = """isinstance(x, basestring)"""
+        a = """isinstance(x, str)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+class Test_buffer(FixerTestCase):
+    fixer = "buffer"
+
+    def test_buffer(self):
+        b = """x = buffer(y)"""
+        a = """x = memoryview(y)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_slicing(self):
+        b = """buffer(y)[4:5]"""
+        a = """memoryview(y)[4:5]"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+class Test_future(FixerTestCase):
+    fixer = "future"
+
+    def test_future(self):
+        b = """from __future__ import braces"""
+        a = """"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """# comment\nfrom __future__ import braces"""
+        a = """# comment\n"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """from __future__ import braces\n# comment"""
+        a = """\n# comment"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_run_order(self):
+        self.assert_runs_after('print')
+
+class Test_itertools(FixerTestCase):
+    fixer = "itertools"
+
+    def checkall(self, before, after):
+        # Because we need to check with and without the itertools prefix
+        # and on each of the three functions, these loops make it all
+        # much easier
+        for i in ('itertools.', ''):
+            for f in ('map', 'filter', 'zip'):
+                b = before %(i+'i'+f)
+                a = after %(f)
+                self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_0(self):
+        # A simple example -- test_1 covers exactly the same thing,
+        # but it's not quite as clear.
+        b = "itertools.izip(a, b)"
+        a = "zip(a, b)"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_1(self):
+        b = """%s(f, a)"""
+        a = """%s(f, a)"""
+        self.checkall(b, a)
+
+    def test_qualified(self):
+        b = """itertools.ifilterfalse(a, b)"""
+        a = """itertools.filterfalse(a, b)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """itertools.izip_longest(a, b)"""
+        a = """itertools.zip_longest(a, b)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_2(self):
+        b = """ifilterfalse(a, b)"""
+        a = """filterfalse(a, b)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """izip_longest(a, b)"""
+        a = """zip_longest(a, b)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_space_1(self):
+        b = """    %s(f, a)"""
+        a = """    %s(f, a)"""
+        self.checkall(b, a)
+
+    def test_space_2(self):
+        b = """    itertools.ifilterfalse(a, b)"""
+        a = """    itertools.filterfalse(a, b)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """    itertools.izip_longest(a, b)"""
+        a = """    itertools.zip_longest(a, b)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_run_order(self):
+        self.assert_runs_after('map', 'zip', 'filter')
+
+
+class Test_itertools_imports(FixerTestCase):
+    fixer = 'itertools_imports'
+
+    def test_reduced(self):
+        b = "from itertools import imap, izip, foo"
+        a = "from itertools import foo"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = "from itertools import bar, imap, izip, foo"
+        a = "from itertools import bar, foo"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = "from itertools import chain, imap, izip"
+        a = "from itertools import chain"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_comments(self):
+        b = "#foo\nfrom itertools import imap, izip"
+        a = "#foo\n"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_none(self):
+        b = "from itertools import imap, izip"
+        a = ""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = "from itertools import izip"
+        a = ""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_import_as(self):
+        b = "from itertools import izip, bar as bang, imap"
+        a = "from itertools import bar as bang"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = "from itertools import izip as _zip, imap, bar"
+        a = "from itertools import bar"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = "from itertools import imap as _map"
+        a = ""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = "from itertools import imap as _map, izip as _zip"
+        a = ""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        s = "from itertools import bar as bang"
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_ifilter_and_zip_longest(self):
+        for name in "filterfalse", "zip_longest":
+            b = "from itertools import i%s" % (name,)
+            a = "from itertools import %s" % (name,)
+            self.check(b, a)
+
+            b = "from itertools import imap, i%s, foo" % (name,)
+            a = "from itertools import %s, foo" % (name,)
+            self.check(b, a)
+
+            b = "from itertools import bar, i%s, foo" % (name,)
+            a = "from itertools import bar, %s, foo" % (name,)
+            self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_import_star(self):
+        s = "from itertools import *"
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+
+    def test_unchanged(self):
+        s = "from itertools import foo"
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+
+class Test_import(FixerTestCase):
+    fixer = "import"
+
+    def setUp(self):
+        super(Test_import, self).setUp()
+        # Need to replace fix_import's exists method
+        # so we can check that it's doing the right thing
+        self.files_checked = []
+        self.present_files = set()
+        self.always_exists = True
+        def fake_exists(name):
+            self.files_checked.append(name)
+            return self.always_exists or (name in self.present_files)
+
+        from lib2to3.fixes import fix_import
+        fix_import.exists = fake_exists
+
+    def tearDown(self):
+        from lib2to3.fixes import fix_import
+        fix_import.exists = os.path.exists
+
+    def check_both(self, b, a):
+        self.always_exists = True
+        super(Test_import, self).check(b, a)
+        self.always_exists = False
+        super(Test_import, self).unchanged(b)
+
+    def test_files_checked(self):
+        def p(path):
+            # Takes a unix path and returns a path with correct separators
+            return os.path.pathsep.join(path.split("/"))
+
+        self.always_exists = False
+        self.present_files = set(['__init__.py'])
+        expected_extensions = ('.py', os.path.sep, '.pyc', '.so', '.sl', '.pyd')
+        names_to_test = (p("/spam/eggs.py"), "ni.py", p("../../shrubbery.py"))
+
+        for name in names_to_test:
+            self.files_checked = []
+            self.filename = name
+            self.unchanged("import jam")
+
+            if os.path.dirname(name):
+                name = os.path.dirname(name) + '/jam'
+            else:
+                name = 'jam'
+            expected_checks = set(name + ext for ext in expected_extensions)
+            expected_checks.add("__init__.py")
+
+            self.assertEqual(set(self.files_checked), expected_checks)
+
+    def test_not_in_package(self):
+        s = "import bar"
+        self.always_exists = False
+        self.present_files = set(["bar.py"])
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_with_absolute_import_enabled(self):
+        s = "from __future__ import absolute_import\nimport bar"
+        self.always_exists = False
+        self.present_files = set(["__init__.py", "bar.py"])
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_in_package(self):
+        b = "import bar"
+        a = "from . import bar"
+        self.always_exists = False
+        self.present_files = set(["__init__.py", "bar.py"])
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_import_from_package(self):
+        b = "import bar"
+        a = "from . import bar"
+        self.always_exists = False
+        self.present_files = set(["__init__.py", "bar" + os.path.sep])
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_already_relative_import(self):
+        s = "from . import bar"
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_comments_and_indent(self):
+        b = "import bar # Foo"
+        a = "from . import bar # Foo"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_from(self):
+        b = "from foo import bar, baz"
+        a = "from .foo import bar, baz"
+        self.check_both(b, a)
+
+        b = "from foo import bar"
+        a = "from .foo import bar"
+        self.check_both(b, a)
+
+        b = "from foo import (bar, baz)"
+        a = "from .foo import (bar, baz)"
+        self.check_both(b, a)
+
+    def test_dotted_from(self):
+        b = "from green.eggs import ham"
+        a = "from .green.eggs import ham"
+        self.check_both(b, a)
+
+    def test_from_as(self):
+        b = "from green.eggs import ham as spam"
+        a = "from .green.eggs import ham as spam"
+        self.check_both(b, a)
+
+    def test_import(self):
+        b = "import foo"
+        a = "from . import foo"
+        self.check_both(b, a)
+
+        b = "import foo, bar"
+        a = "from . import foo, bar"
+        self.check_both(b, a)
+
+        b = "import foo, bar, x"
+        a = "from . import foo, bar, x"
+        self.check_both(b, a)
+
+        b = "import x, y, z"
+        a = "from . import x, y, z"
+        self.check_both(b, a)
+
+    def test_import_as(self):
+        b = "import foo as x"
+        a = "from . import foo as x"
+        self.check_both(b, a)
+
+        b = "import a as b, b as c, c as d"
+        a = "from . import a as b, b as c, c as d"
+        self.check_both(b, a)
+
+    def test_local_and_absolute(self):
+        self.always_exists = False
+        self.present_files = set(["foo.py", "__init__.py"])
+
+        s = "import foo, bar"
+        self.warns_unchanged(s, "absolute and local imports together")
+
+    def test_dotted_import(self):
+        b = "import foo.bar"
+        a = "from . import foo.bar"
+        self.check_both(b, a)
+
+    def test_dotted_import_as(self):
+        b = "import foo.bar as bang"
+        a = "from . import foo.bar as bang"
+        self.check_both(b, a)
+
+    def test_prefix(self):
+        b = """
+        # prefix
+        import foo.bar
+        """
+        a = """
+        # prefix
+        from . import foo.bar
+        """
+        self.check_both(b, a)
+
+
+class Test_set_literal(FixerTestCase):
+
+    fixer = "set_literal"
+
+    def test_basic(self):
+        b = """set([1, 2, 3])"""
+        a = """{1, 2, 3}"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """set((1, 2, 3))"""
+        a = """{1, 2, 3}"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """set((1,))"""
+        a = """{1}"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """set([1])"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """set((a, b))"""
+        a = """{a, b}"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """set([a, b])"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """set((a*234, f(args=23)))"""
+        a = """{a*234, f(args=23)}"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """set([a*23, f(23)])"""
+        a = """{a*23, f(23)}"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """set([a-234**23])"""
+        a = """{a-234**23}"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_listcomps(self):
+        b = """set([x for x in y])"""
+        a = """{x for x in y}"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """set([x for x in y if x == m])"""
+        a = """{x for x in y if x == m}"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """set([x for x in y for a in b])"""
+        a = """{x for x in y for a in b}"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """set([f(x) - 23 for x in y])"""
+        a = """{f(x) - 23 for x in y}"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_whitespace(self):
+        b = """set( [1, 2])"""
+        a = """{1, 2}"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """set([1 ,  2])"""
+        a = """{1 ,  2}"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """set([ 1 ])"""
+        a = """{ 1 }"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """set( [1] )"""
+        a = """{1}"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """set([  1,  2  ])"""
+        a = """{  1,  2  }"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """set([x  for x in y ])"""
+        a = """{x  for x in y }"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """set(
+                   [1, 2]
+               )
+            """
+        a = """{1, 2}\n"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_comments(self):
+        b = """set((1, 2)) # Hi"""
+        a = """{1, 2} # Hi"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        # This isn't optimal behavior, but the fixer is optional.
+        b = """
+            # Foo
+            set( # Bar
+               (1, 2)
+            )
+            """
+        a = """
+            # Foo
+            {1, 2}
+            """
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_unchanged(self):
+        s = """set()"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+        s = """set(a)"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+        s = """set(a, b, c)"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+        # Don't transform generators because they might have to be lazy.
+        s = """set(x for x in y)"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+        s = """set(x for x in y if z)"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+        s = """set(a*823-23**2 + f(23))"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+
+class Test_sys_exc(FixerTestCase):
+    fixer = "sys_exc"
+
+    def test_0(self):
+        b = "sys.exc_type"
+        a = "sys.exc_info()[0]"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_1(self):
+        b = "sys.exc_value"
+        a = "sys.exc_info()[1]"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_2(self):
+        b = "sys.exc_traceback"
+        a = "sys.exc_info()[2]"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_3(self):
+        b = "sys.exc_type # Foo"
+        a = "sys.exc_info()[0] # Foo"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_4(self):
+        b = "sys.  exc_type"
+        a = "sys.  exc_info()[0]"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_5(self):
+        b = "sys  .exc_type"
+        a = "sys  .exc_info()[0]"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+
+class Test_paren(FixerTestCase):
+    fixer = "paren"
+
+    def test_0(self):
+        b = """[i for i in 1, 2 ]"""
+        a = """[i for i in (1, 2) ]"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_1(self):
+        b = """[i for i in 1, 2, ]"""
+        a = """[i for i in (1, 2,) ]"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_2(self):
+        b = """[i for i  in     1, 2 ]"""
+        a = """[i for i  in     (1, 2) ]"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_3(self):
+        b = """[i for i in 1, 2 if i]"""
+        a = """[i for i in (1, 2) if i]"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_4(self):
+        b = """[i for i in 1,    2    ]"""
+        a = """[i for i in (1,    2)    ]"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_5(self):
+        b = """(i for i in 1, 2)"""
+        a = """(i for i in (1, 2))"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_6(self):
+        b = """(i for i in 1   ,2   if i)"""
+        a = """(i for i in (1   ,2)   if i)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_unchanged_0(self):
+        s = """[i for i in (1, 2)]"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_unchanged_1(self):
+        s = """[i for i in foo()]"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_unchanged_2(self):
+        s = """[i for i in (1, 2) if nothing]"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_unchanged_3(self):
+        s = """(i for i in (1, 2))"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_unchanged_4(self):
+        s = """[i for i in m]"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+class Test_metaclass(FixerTestCase):
+
+    fixer = 'metaclass'
+
+    def test_unchanged(self):
+        self.unchanged("class X(): pass")
+        self.unchanged("class X(object): pass")
+        self.unchanged("class X(object1, object2): pass")
+        self.unchanged("class X(object1, object2, object3): pass")
+        self.unchanged("class X(metaclass=Meta): pass")
+        self.unchanged("class X(b, arg=23, metclass=Meta): pass")
+        self.unchanged("class X(b, arg=23, metaclass=Meta, other=42): pass")
+
+        s = """
+        class X:
+            def __metaclass__(self): pass
+        """
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+        s = """
+        class X:
+            a[23] = 74
+        """
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_comments(self):
+        b = """
+        class X:
+            # hi
+            __metaclass__ = AppleMeta
+        """
+        a = """
+        class X(metaclass=AppleMeta):
+            # hi
+            pass
+        """
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """
+        class X:
+            __metaclass__ = Meta
+            # Bedtime!
+        """
+        a = """
+        class X(metaclass=Meta):
+            pass
+            # Bedtime!
+        """
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_meta(self):
+        # no-parent class, odd body
+        b = """
+        class X():
+            __metaclass__ = Q
+            pass
+        """
+        a = """
+        class X(metaclass=Q):
+            pass
+        """
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        # one parent class, no body
+        b = """class X(object): __metaclass__ = Q"""
+        a = """class X(object, metaclass=Q): pass"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+
+        # one parent, simple body
+        b = """
+        class X(object):
+            __metaclass__ = Meta
+            bar = 7
+        """
+        a = """
+        class X(object, metaclass=Meta):
+            bar = 7
+        """
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """
+        class X:
+            __metaclass__ = Meta; x = 4; g = 23
+        """
+        a = """
+        class X(metaclass=Meta):
+            x = 4; g = 23
+        """
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        # one parent, simple body, __metaclass__ last
+        b = """
+        class X(object):
+            bar = 7
+            __metaclass__ = Meta
+        """
+        a = """
+        class X(object, metaclass=Meta):
+            bar = 7
+        """
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        # redefining __metaclass__
+        b = """
+        class X():
+            __metaclass__ = A
+            __metaclass__ = B
+            bar = 7
+        """
+        a = """
+        class X(metaclass=B):
+            bar = 7
+        """
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        # multiple inheritance, simple body
+        b = """
+        class X(clsA, clsB):
+            __metaclass__ = Meta
+            bar = 7
+        """
+        a = """
+        class X(clsA, clsB, metaclass=Meta):
+            bar = 7
+        """
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        # keywords in the class statement
+        b = """class m(a, arg=23): __metaclass__ = Meta"""
+        a = """class m(a, arg=23, metaclass=Meta): pass"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """
+        class X(expression(2 + 4)):
+            __metaclass__ = Meta
+        """
+        a = """
+        class X(expression(2 + 4), metaclass=Meta):
+            pass
+        """
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """
+        class X(expression(2 + 4), x**4):
+            __metaclass__ = Meta
+        """
+        a = """
+        class X(expression(2 + 4), x**4, metaclass=Meta):
+            pass
+        """
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """
+        class X:
+            __metaclass__ = Meta
+            save.py = 23
+        """
+        a = """
+        class X(metaclass=Meta):
+            save.py = 23
+        """
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+
+class Test_getcwdu(FixerTestCase):
+
+    fixer = 'getcwdu'
+
+    def test_basic(self):
+        b = """os.getcwdu"""
+        a = """os.getcwd"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """os.getcwdu()"""
+        a = """os.getcwd()"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """meth = os.getcwdu"""
+        a = """meth = os.getcwd"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """os.getcwdu(args)"""
+        a = """os.getcwd(args)"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_comment(self):
+        b = """os.getcwdu() # Foo"""
+        a = """os.getcwd() # Foo"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_unchanged(self):
+        s = """os.getcwd()"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+        s = """getcwdu()"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+        s = """os.getcwdb()"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+    def test_indentation(self):
+        b = """
+            if 1:
+                os.getcwdu()
+            """
+        a = """
+            if 1:
+                os.getcwd()
+            """
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_multilation(self):
+        b = """os .getcwdu()"""
+        a = """os .getcwd()"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """os.  getcwdu"""
+        a = """os.  getcwd"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """os.getcwdu (  )"""
+        a = """os.getcwd (  )"""
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+
+class Test_operator(FixerTestCase):
+
+    fixer = "operator"
+
+    def test_operator_isCallable(self):
+        b = "operator.isCallable(x)"
+        a = "hasattr(x, '__call__')"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_operator_sequenceIncludes(self):
+        b = "operator.sequenceIncludes(x, y)"
+        a = "operator.contains(x, y)"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = "operator .sequenceIncludes(x, y)"
+        a = "operator .contains(x, y)"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = "operator.  sequenceIncludes(x, y)"
+        a = "operator.  contains(x, y)"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_operator_isSequenceType(self):
+        b = "operator.isSequenceType(x)"
+        a = "import collections\nisinstance(x, collections.Sequence)"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_operator_isMappingType(self):
+        b = "operator.isMappingType(x)"
+        a = "import collections\nisinstance(x, collections.Mapping)"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_operator_isNumberType(self):
+        b = "operator.isNumberType(x)"
+        a = "import numbers\nisinstance(x, numbers.Number)"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_operator_repeat(self):
+        b = "operator.repeat(x, n)"
+        a = "operator.mul(x, n)"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = "operator .repeat(x, n)"
+        a = "operator .mul(x, n)"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = "operator.  repeat(x, n)"
+        a = "operator.  mul(x, n)"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_operator_irepeat(self):
+        b = "operator.irepeat(x, n)"
+        a = "operator.imul(x, n)"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = "operator .irepeat(x, n)"
+        a = "operator .imul(x, n)"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = "operator.  irepeat(x, n)"
+        a = "operator.  imul(x, n)"
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_bare_isCallable(self):
+        s = "isCallable(x)"
+        t = "You should use 'hasattr(x, '__call__')' here."
+        self.warns_unchanged(s, t)
+
+    def test_bare_sequenceIncludes(self):
+        s = "sequenceIncludes(x, y)"
+        t = "You should use 'operator.contains(x, y)' here."
+        self.warns_unchanged(s, t)
+
+    def test_bare_operator_isSequenceType(self):
+        s = "isSequenceType(z)"
+        t = "You should use 'isinstance(z, collections.Sequence)' here."
+        self.warns_unchanged(s, t)
+
+    def test_bare_operator_isMappingType(self):
+        s = "isMappingType(x)"
+        t = "You should use 'isinstance(x, collections.Mapping)' here."
+        self.warns_unchanged(s, t)
+
+    def test_bare_operator_isNumberType(self):
+        s = "isNumberType(y)"
+        t = "You should use 'isinstance(y, numbers.Number)' here."
+        self.warns_unchanged(s, t)
+
+    def test_bare_operator_repeat(self):
+        s = "repeat(x, n)"
+        t = "You should use 'operator.mul(x, n)' here."
+        self.warns_unchanged(s, t)
+
+    def test_bare_operator_irepeat(self):
+        s = "irepeat(y, 187)"
+        t = "You should use 'operator.imul(y, 187)' here."
+        self.warns_unchanged(s, t)
+
+
+class Test_exitfunc(FixerTestCase):
+
+    fixer = "exitfunc"
+
+    def test_simple(self):
+        b = """
+            import sys
+            sys.exitfunc = my_atexit
+            """
+        a = """
+            import sys
+            import atexit
+            atexit.register(my_atexit)
+            """
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_names_import(self):
+        b = """
+            import sys, crumbs
+            sys.exitfunc = my_func
+            """
+        a = """
+            import sys, crumbs, atexit
+            atexit.register(my_func)
+            """
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_complex_expression(self):
+        b = """
+            import sys
+            sys.exitfunc = do(d)/a()+complex(f=23, g=23)*expression
+            """
+        a = """
+            import sys
+            import atexit
+            atexit.register(do(d)/a()+complex(f=23, g=23)*expression)
+            """
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_comments(self):
+        b = """
+            import sys # Foo
+            sys.exitfunc = f # Blah
+            """
+        a = """
+            import sys
+            import atexit # Foo
+            atexit.register(f) # Blah
+            """
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+        b = """
+            import apples, sys, crumbs, larry # Pleasant comments
+            sys.exitfunc = func
+            """
+        a = """
+            import apples, sys, crumbs, larry, atexit # Pleasant comments
+            atexit.register(func)
+            """
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_in_a_function(self):
+        b = """
+            import sys
+            def f():
+                sys.exitfunc = func
+            """
+        a = """
+            import sys
+            import atexit
+            def f():
+                atexit.register(func)
+             """
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_no_sys_import(self):
+        b = """sys.exitfunc = f"""
+        a = """atexit.register(f)"""
+        msg = ("Can't find sys import; Please add an atexit import at the "
+            "top of your file.")
+        self.warns(b, a, msg)
+
+
+    def test_unchanged(self):
+        s = """f(sys.exitfunc)"""
+        self.unchanged(s)
+
+
+class Test_asserts(FixerTestCase):
+
+    fixer = "asserts"
+
+    def test_deprecated_names(self):
+        tests = [
+            ('self.assert_(True)', 'self.assertTrue(True)'),
+            ('self.assertEquals(2, 2)', 'self.assertEqual(2, 2)'),
+            ('self.assertNotEquals(2, 3)', 'self.assertNotEqual(2, 3)'),
+            ('self.assertAlmostEquals(2, 3)', 'self.assertAlmostEqual(2, 3)'),
+            ('self.assertNotAlmostEquals(2, 8)', 'self.assertNotAlmostEqual(2, 8)'),
+            ('self.failUnlessEqual(2, 2)', 'self.assertEqual(2, 2)'),
+            ('self.failIfEqual(2, 3)', 'self.assertNotEqual(2, 3)'),
+            ('self.failUnlessAlmostEqual(2, 3)', 'self.assertAlmostEqual(2, 3)'),
+            ('self.failIfAlmostEqual(2, 8)', 'self.assertNotAlmostEqual(2, 8)'),
+            ('self.failUnless(True)', 'self.assertTrue(True)'),
+            ('self.failUnlessRaises(foo)', 'self.assertRaises(foo)'),
+            ('self.failIf(False)', 'self.assertFalse(False)'),
+        ]
+        for b, a in tests:
+            self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_variants(self):
+        b = 'eq = self.assertEquals'
+        a = 'eq = self.assertEqual'
+        self.check(b, a)
+        b = 'self.assertEquals(2, 3, msg="fail")'
+        a = 'self.assertEqual(2, 3, msg="fail")'
+        self.check(b, a)
+        b = 'self.assertEquals(2, 3, msg="fail") # foo'
+        a = 'self.assertEqual(2, 3, msg="fail") # foo'
+        self.check(b, a)
+        b = 'self.assertEquals (2, 3)'
+        a = 'self.assertEqual (2, 3)'
+        self.check(b, a)
+        b = '  self.assertEquals (2, 3)'
+        a = '  self.assertEqual (2, 3)'
+        self.check(b, a)
+        b = 'with self.failUnlessRaises(Explosion): explode()'
+        a = 'with self.assertRaises(Explosion): explode()'
+        self.check(b, a)
+        b = 'with self.failUnlessRaises(Explosion) as cm: explode()'
+        a = 'with self.assertRaises(Explosion) as cm: explode()'
+        self.check(b, a)
+
+    def test_unchanged(self):
+        self.unchanged('self.assertEqualsOnSaturday')
+        self.unchanged('self.assertEqualsOnSaturday(3, 5)')