@woosh/meep-engine 3.1.0 → 3.3.0

package/src/DUPLICATION_AUDIT_2026_08_07/C_gfx_render.md

@@ -1,80 +1,80 @@
-# Domain C — engine/graphics (render, material, texture, geometry, shaders)
-
-All paths are relative to `H:/git/moh/app/src/mir-engine/meep/src/`.
-Every finding below was verified by opening both (all) sites.
-
-## Findings
-
-| # | Severity | Concept | Sites | Evidence | Verdict | Proposed common path | Effort/Risk |
-|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
-| 1 | HIGH | Triangle-vertex fetch from a possibly-normalized, possibly-implicitly-indexed vertex buffer (~45 lines: index resolve → 3 addresses → 9 reads → 9 denormalize + 6 asserts) | `engine/graphics/geometry/buffered/query/bvh32_geometry_nearest.js:151-201` (leaf block of `bvh32_geometry_nearest`) — `.../bvh32_geometry_raycast.js:59-109` (`bvh32_geometry_raycast`) — `.../bvh32_geometry_overlap_clipping_volume.js:46-96` (`bvh32_geometry_overlap_clipping_volume`) | Character-identical apart from the local name of the triangle index. Same assert strings verbatim (`'triangle index overflow, possibly geometry changed but tree was not rebuilt?'`, `'a-vertex overflow'`). Any change to the interleaved/normalized contract must be made in 3 places. | UNJUSTIFIED | New `engine/graphics/geometry/buffered/read_triangle_vertices.js` — `read_triangle_vertices(out9, vertices, vertex_offset, vertex_stride, vertex_data_normalized, indices, triangle_index)` writing into a module-static `Float64Array(9)`. Asserts stay (free in prod). | M / low — 3 mechanical call-site rewrites, covered by `bvh32_geometry_nearest.spec.js` |
-| 2 | HIGH | Nearest-point-on-mesh BVH query: ordered child descent by `aabb3_unsigned_distance_sqr_to_point` + leaf `tri3_closest_point_barycentric` → barycentric reconstruct → `v3_distance_sqr` → write `SurfacePoint3` + `tri3_compute_normal` | `engine/graphics/geometry/buffered/query/bvh32_geometry_nearest.js:37-247` — `engine/graphics/geometry/buffered/query/query_bvh_geometry_nearest.js:35-208` | Two whole implementations of the same algorithm against two BVH layouts (`BinaryUint32BVH` implicit-index vs `BVH` pointer nodes). Child-ordering block (`bvh32:110-130` vs `query:114-134`) and the entire leaf body (`bvh32:203-242` vs `query:164-203`) are token-identical. `query_bvh_geometry_nearest` has exactly one caller (`engine/graphics/sh3/path_tracer/BufferedGeometryBVH.js:286`). | UNJUSTIFIED (traversal genuinely differs; the leaf work does not) | Extract the leaf into `engine/graphics/geometry/buffered/query/nearest_point_on_triangle_record.js` — `(result, triangle_index, best_distance_sqr, x,y,z, ax..cz) → number` returning the new best distance (or `-1` when not improved); both traversals call it. | M / medium — behaviour-preserving, both have specs |
-| 3 | HIGH | Material-texture coalescing loop over `TextureAttachmentsByMaterialType` + identically-configured `Cache<Texture,Texture>` | `engine/graphics/material/manager/compilers/CoalesceTextures.js:18-22` + `:25-69` (`transform`) — `engine/asset/loaders/material/StaticMaterialCache.js:27-31` + `:48-89` (`acquire`) | Lines 48-89 of `StaticMaterialCache.acquire` are byte-identical to lines 26-66 of `CoalesceTextures.transform`, comment-for-comment (`//check cache`, `//console.log('Re-using texture', existingTexture);`, `//texture was not in cache, cache it`). **The extracted helper already exists** — `engine/asset/loaders/material/traverseMaterialTextures.js:9-37` is exactly this traversal — and neither caller uses it. | UNJUSTIFIED | Give `engine/asset/loaders/material/` a `TextureCoalescer` class holding the `Cache` and a `coalesce(material)` method built on `traverseMaterialTextures`; `CoalesceTextures` (transformer) and `StaticMaterialCache` both own one. | S / low |
-| 4 | HIGH | "Marked material transform" protocol: own-property marker check → throw on foreign transformer → clone → `composeCompile` → stamp marker | `engine/graphics/render/forward_plus/plugin/MaterialTransformer.js:91-124` (`transform`) — `engine/graphics/sh3/gi/material/MaterialTransformer.js:294-321` (`transform`) | Same 5-step protocol, same error string verbatim (`'The material is already transformed, but is associated with a different transformer instance'`). **The copy has already diverged into a defect**: `sh3/gi` line 311 is `result.clone();` — the clone's return value is discarded, so it mutates the *caller's* material; it also omits the `source.isShaderMaterial` uniforms/defines copy that the FP version does at `:110-114`. `AbstractMaterialTransformer` (`engine/graphics/material/manager/AbstractMaterialTransformer.js`) is an empty 10-line stub that could own this. | UNJUSTIFIED | Move the protocol into `AbstractMaterialTransformer` as a final `transform(source)` that calls an abstract `#build(source)`; both concrete transformers implement only the shader-patching hook. Also fixes the `sh3/gi` clone bug. | M / medium — touches the Forward+ contract, but `MaterialManager.spec.js` covers the chain |
-| 5 | HIGH | Iterative (stack-based) quicksort partition loop | `engine/graphics/render/forward_plus/sort_decal_data.js:47-102` (`sort_decal_data`) — `core/collection/array/array_quick_sort_by_comparator.js:11-75` — `core/collection/array/array_sort_quick.js:17-…` — `view/minimap/gl/MinimapMarkersGL.js:141-198` (`__sortByZIndex`) | Identical stack/pivot/partition/recursion skeleton (`stackPointer -= 2`, `(left + right) >> 1`, same `/* partition */` and `/* recursion */` comments). **The copy has diverged into a hazard**: both core versions capture the pivot *value* first (`const pivot = data[pivotIndex]`), while `sort_decal_data.js:70,74` re-reads `lookup[pivotIndex]` through `compare_decals` on every comparison — and `lookup[pivotIndex]` is itself swapped during partitioning, so the pivot changes mid-partition. `array_sort_quick` already supports a custom `swap_operator`, which is precisely what both copies needed. | UNJUSTIFIED | `sort_decal_data` should call `core/collection/array/array_quick_sort_by_comparator.js` with a bound comparator (and, if the lookup indirection must stay, extend that primitive with the `swap_operator` parameter `array_sort_quick` already has). | S / medium — fixes a latent ordering bug; decal draw order is visible |
-| 6 | MEDIUM | Frustum corner extraction: which triple of planes produces which of the 8 corners, and in what output order | `engine/graphics/render/forward_plus/computeFrustumCorners.js:9-68` (`computeFrustumCorners`, three.js `Plane[]`) — `core/geom/3d/frustum/frustum_compute_corners.js:13-…` (`frustum_compute_corners`, flat array) | Same 8-entry corner table, same output stride, only the plane accessor differs. The vendor→flat converter already exists (`core/geom/3d/frustum/frustum3_planes_to_flat_from_three.js`) and **`LightManager.js` already imports it at line 28** while also importing `computeFrustumCorners` at line 48. The JSDoc even points at the twin (`computeFrustumCorners.js:5`). Violates "confine vendor imports to boundaries". | UNJUSTIFIED | Delete the body: `computeFrustumCorners` becomes `frustum3_planes_to_flat_from_three(planes, scratch)` + `frustum_compute_corners(result, 0, scratch, 0)`. Keep the export (public surface). | S / low — `frustum_compute_corners.spec.js` exists |
-| 7 | MEDIUM | GPU internal-format string, hand-written instead of derived | 22 literal sites; in-domain: `engine/graphics/render/buffer/buffers/NormalFrameBuffer.js:44` `'RGBA16F'` — `.../ColorAndDepthFrameBuffer.js:58` — `.../simple-fx/ao/AmbientOcclusionPostProcessEffect.js:97,388` — `.../ao/generateHilbertNoiseTexture.js:27` — `.../forward_plus/LightManager.js:185` — `.../visibility/hiz/buffer/HierarchicalZBuffer.js:99` — `.../hiz/query/BatchOcclusionQuery.js:32` — `engine/graphics/texture/atlas/AtlasLookupTexture.js:34` — `.../texture/virtual/VirtualTextureMemoryMapping.js:51` — `.../virtual/VirtualTexturePage.js:184` — `.../virtual/VirtualTextureUsageUpdater.js:112` — `engine/graphics/sh3/gi/material/makeLookupTexture3D.js:30`, `makeOctahedralDepthAtlas.js:26`, `sh3/lpg/light_probe_grid_textures.js:61,100` | `engine/graphics/texture/computeThreeTextureInternalFormatFromDataType.js` and `.../normalized_internal_format.js` exist precisely to derive this from (`BinaryDataType`, channel count) — only 6 files use them. The `format` / `type` / `internalFormat` triple must agree or the texture silently fails to upload; three copies of the knowledge (three enum, three enum, GL string) are maintained by hand at each site. Note `AtlasLookupTexture.js:32-34` carries a comment explaining a past mismatch — i.e. this has already bitten. | UNJUSTIFIED | Route every site through the existing `engine/graphics/texture/computeThreeTextureInternalFormatFromDataType.js` / `normalized_internal_format.js` (both already in the right home). | M / low — mechanical, per-site verifiable |
-| 8 | MEDIUM | `DataTexture3D` construction recipe (name, `flipY=false`, `generateMipmaps=false`, min/mag filter, `wrapS/T/R = ClampToEdgeWrapping`, type, format, internalFormat, `unpackAlignment = 4`, `needsUpdate = true`) | `engine/graphics/sh3/gi/material/makeLookupTexture3D.js:8-36` — `engine/graphics/sh3/lpg/light_probe_grid_textures.js:39-68` (`make_light_probe_grid_luma_texture`) — `.../light_probe_grid_textures.js:78-107` (`make_light_probe_grid_chroma_texture`) | Three copies of the same 12-property block; the two in `light_probe_grid_textures.js` differ only in typed-array constructor / type / format / internalFormat. 2D siblings of the same recipe: `engine/graphics/sh3/gi/material/makeOctahedralDepthAtlas.js:8-30`, `engine/graphics/texture/virtual/VirtualTextureMemoryMapping.js:31-58`, `engine/graphics/texture/atlas/AtlasLookupTexture.js:25-34`. | UNJUSTIFIED | New `engine/graphics/texture/3d/make_data_texture_3d.js` taking an `AttributeSpec` + resolution + a `TextureFilterMode` enum value, deriving format/type/internalFormat via the helpers in finding #7 (this is the natural home per the task brief). A 2D sibling `engine/graphics/texture/make_data_texture_2d.js` covers the other three. | M / low |
-| 9 | MEDIUM | "Data render target" option object: `{minFilter/magFilter: NearestFilter, format, type, internalFormat, depthBuffer:false, stencilBuffer:false, wrapS/T: ClampToEdgeWrapping, generateMipmaps:false}` | `engine/graphics/ecs/highlight/renderer/OutlineRenderer.js:232-273` (**five** near-identical literals in one constructor) — `engine/graphics/render/visibility/hiz/buffer/HierarchicalZBuffer.js:94-105` — `engine/graphics/render/visibility/hiz/query/BatchOcclusionQuery.js:41-52` — `engine/graphics/texture/virtual/VirtualTextureUsageUpdater.js:105-117` — `engine/graphics/render/buffer/simple-fx/ao/AmbientOcclusionPostProcessEffect.js:91-101` — `engine/graphics/filter/ImageFilter.js:46-51` — `engine/graphics/render/visibility/hiz/buildCanvasViewFromTexture.js:167-172` — `engine/graphics/util/renderObjectToSampler2D.js:29-36` | Ten+ copies of one recipe, each independently re-picking the three.js enums. This is the exact "same three.js translation logic repeated" case the house rule names. Divergences are already visible: `BatchOcclusionQuery.js:46` has the `internalFormat` commented out; `ImageFilter` uses `LinearFilter` where its twin `renderObjectToSampler2D` sets `magFilter` too. | UNJUSTIFIED | New `engine/graphics/texture/make_data_render_target.js` — typed parameters (resolution, `AttributeSpec`, a project-owned `TextureFilterMode`, `depth: boolean`), all three.js enums confined inside. | M / low |
-| 10 | MEDIUM | Offscreen full-screen-quad pass → `readPixels` into a `Sampler2D`/typed array, with `getRenderTarget()`/`setRenderTarget()` save-restore | `engine/graphics/filter/ImageFilter.js:14-77` (`processTexture`) — `engine/graphics/render/visibility/hiz/buildCanvasViewFromTexture.js:139-227` (`renderSamplerFromTexture`) — `engine/graphics/util/renderObjectToSampler2D.js:15-83` | All three build their own `OrthographicCamera(-1,1,1,-1,0,1)` + `Scene` + `Mesh(FULL_SCREEN_TRIANGLE_GEOMETRY)`, their own `renderTargetOptions` literal (same variable name in all three), then `renderer.getContext(); gl.readPixels(0,0,w,h,gl.RGBA,gl.UNSIGNED_BYTE, dest)` and restore. **The scene/camera/quad half already exists** as `engine/graphics/render/utils/renderScreenSpace.js:6-33` (module-static, matrix-auto-update disabled) — none of the three use it. | UNJUSTIFIED | Two steps: (a) all three switch the draw to `renderScreenSpace(renderer, material)`; (b) extract `engine/graphics/render/utils/read_render_target_to_sampler2d.js` for the RT+readPixels+restore half. | M / medium — `renderObjectToSampler2D` feeds the model-preview path |
-| 11 | MEDIUM | Forward+ uniform block (`fp_t_light_tiles`, `fp_t_light_lookup`, `fp_t_light_data`, `fp_t_decal_atlas`, `fp_t_decal_atlas_resolution`, `fp_v3_light_cluster_resolution`, `fp_f_camera_near`, `fp_f_camera_far`, `fp_resolution`) declared in JS | `engine/graphics/render/forward_plus/materials/ForwardPlusThreeMaterial.js:9-40` — `engine/graphics/render/forward_plus/plugin/MaterialTransformer.js:23-56` — `engine/graphics/render/forward_plus/materials/FPlusDebugMaterial.js:105-130` — matching GLSL declarations in `engine/graphics/render/forward_plus/materials/FP_SHADER_CHUNK_PREAMBLE.js:8-31` | Four hand-maintained copies of one uniform contract. They have **already drifted**: `ForwardPlusThreeMaterial` omits `fp_t_decal_atlas_resolution` and `fp_v3_light_cluster_resolution` that the preamble declares; `MaterialTransformer.js:40-43` declares `fp_t_decal_atlas_resolution` with `type:'t'` while the GLSL declares it `uniform vec2`. A missing/mistyped uniform here degrades silently (decals/lights just stop). | UNJUSTIFIED | New `engine/graphics/render/forward_plus/materials/fp_make_common_uniforms.js` returning the typed uniform object, exported next to `FP_SHADER_CHUNK_PREAMBLE` so the GLSL and JS declarations live in one directory and are reviewed together. | S / medium — Forward+ contract; A/B by adding a clustered point light |
-| 12 | MEDIUM | GLSL: concentric-disk mapping + cosine-weighted hemisphere sample + branchless (Duff/Frisvad) orthonormal basis | `engine/graphics/render/buffer/simple-fx/ao/SAOShader.js:173-219` (`sampleUniformDiskConcentric`, `sampleCosineWeightedHemisphere`, `buildOrthonormalBasis`) — `engine/graphics/shaders/AmbientOcclusionShader.js:174-219` (`sample_uniform_disk_concentric`, `sample_cosine_weighted_hemisphere`, `build_orthonormal_matrix_n`) | ~45 lines of GLSL, mathematically identical line-for-line (same branch structure, same `n.z < 0.0` split, same `a`/`b` temporaries); only identifier casing and `const float PI_4` vs inline `PI * 0.25` differ. Invisible to the token-based pass because both live inside template literals. | UNJUSTIFIED | New `engine/graphics/shaders/lib/GLSL_CHUNK_HEMISPHERE_SAMPLING.js` next to the existing `engine/graphics/shaders/lib/ShaderChunks.js` (which already is the project's GLSL-chunk home), interpolated into both shaders. | S / low — text move, verify by compiling both effects |
-| 13 | MEDIUM | GLSL: depth decode / view-Z reconstruction / blue-noise permutation shared by the two halves of one effect | `engine/graphics/render/buffer/simple-fx/ao/SAOShader.js:86-92` (`getDepth`), `:94-100` (`getViewZ`), `:169-171` (`r2_marty`), `:47-54` (vertex shader), `:252` (Hilbert texelFetch) — `engine/graphics/render/buffer/simple-fx/ao/SAOUpscaleShader.js:79-85`, `:87-93`, `:96-98`, `:51-58`, `:129` | Verbatim, including the magic constants `vec2( 0.245122333753, 0.430159709002 )` and the `ivec2( gl_FragCoord.xy ) & 63` mask. The two shaders are a matched pair (the upscale explicitly reproduces the AO pass's depth-texel snapping — see its header comment); a change to `getDepth`/`getViewZ` in one and not the other silently breaks the pairing. | UNJUSTIFIED | Shared `engine/graphics/render/buffer/simple-fx/ao/SAO_GLSL_COMMON.js` exporting the `DEPTH_PACKING`/`PERSPECTIVE_CAMERA`-guarded depth chunk, `r2_marty`, and the vertex shader; both descriptors interpolate it. | S / low |
-| 14 | MEDIUM | GLSL: `convert_depth_to_linear` + Forward+ cluster addressing (`textureSize` → `ivec3` cluster position → `texelFetch` metadata) | `engine/graphics/render/forward_plus/materials/FP_SHADER_CHUNK_DECODE_PARS.js:30-45` and `FP_SHADER_CHUNK_LOAD_METADATA.js:5-8` and `FP_SHADER_CHUNK_PREAMBLE.js:8-31` — re-typed by hand in `engine/graphics/render/forward_plus/materials/FPlusDebugMaterial.js:63-78` (`convert_depth_to_linear`), `:84-87` (cluster addressing), `:29-45` (uniform declarations) | `convert_depth_to_linear` is line-for-line identical between the chunk and the debug material. The cluster-addressing lines differ only in where the `1.0 - x` flip is applied (`fp_build_fragment_shader.js:15` does `clip_v.x = 1.0 - clip_v.x`; `FPlusDebugMaterial.js:85` inlines `( 1.0 - clip_v.x)`). This is the *debug visualiser for the binning* — if binning changes, the debug view silently keeps showing the old mapping and lies about the bug you are hunting. | UNJUSTIFIED | `FPlusDebugMaterial` should compose `FP_SHADER_CHUNK_PREAMBLE` + `FP_SHADER_CHUNK_DECODE_PARS` + `FP_SHADER_CHUNK_LOAD_METADATA` instead of re-typing them. | S / low |
-| 15 | MEDIUM | GPU-resident growable typed-array-backed `DataTexture` (allocate from `BinaryDataType`, set format/type/internalFormat, nearest filters, no mipmaps, `dispose()` + copy-forward on resize) | `engine/graphics/texture/AttributeDataTexture.js:121-196` (`resize`, `build`) — `engine/graphics/texture/TextureBackedMemoryRegion.js:57-73` + `:187-227` (`build`) | Same responsibility, same three helper calls (`compute_typed_array_constructor_from_data_type`, `computeThreeTextureTypeFromDataType`, `computeThreeTextureInternalFormatFromDataType`), same dispose-then-reassign-`image.data` resize protocol. They differ only in how the element description arrives (`AttributeSpec` vs `NumericType`+`precision`+`channel_count`) and in row-packing policy. | UNJUSTIFIED | `TextureBackedMemoryRegion` should hold an `AttributeSpec` and delegate storage to `AttributeDataTexture` (which is the more complete of the two), keeping only its `DATA_TEXTURE_WIDTH`/grow-shrink policy. | M / medium — both are live GPU paths; `AttributeDataTexture.spec.js` exists |
-| 16 | MEDIUM | Whole-file duplicate: `CopyShader` | `engine/graphics/postprocess/threejs/shaders/CopyShader.js:6-45` — `engine/graphics/shaders/CopyShader.js:5-47` | Identical uniforms + identical vertex and fragment source, differing only in shape (frozen object vs zero-arg factory returning a fresh object). The `postprocess/threejs/shaders/` directory contains nothing else. Only `engine/graphics/texture/sampler/convertTexture2Sampler2D.js:4` imports one of them; `engine/graphics/shaders/CopyShader.js` has no internal caller (public surface — keep). A *third* copy is pulled from `three/examples/jsm/shaders/CopyShader.js` in `prototypeNormalFrameBuffer.js:12`. | UNJUSTIFIED | Keep `engine/graphics/shaders/CopyShader.js` as the home; make `engine/graphics/postprocess/threejs/shaders/CopyShader.js` a one-line re-export (`export default CopyShader()` shape shim) marked `@deprecated`, per the library rule. Then delete the empty `postprocess/` tree in a later pass. | S / low |
-| 17 | MEDIUM | Sampler channel extremum scan (42 lines) | `engine/graphics/texture/sampler/sampler2d_channel_compute_max.js:9-51` — `engine/graphics/texture/sampler/sampler2d_channel_compute_min.js:9-51` | Byte-identical except the comparison operator on line 31 (`bestValue < value` vs `bestValue > value`). Same three asserts, same `//no data` comment, same `{index, value, x, y}` return shape, same `(bestIndex / itemSize) | 0` index→xy math. | UNJUSTIFIED | New `engine/graphics/texture/sampler/sampler2d_channel_compute_extreme.js` taking an explicit `ExtremumDirection` enum member (typed constant, not a string key, not a `null`-means-auto sentinel); both existing exports become 2-line wrappers and stay public. | S / low — both have specs |
-| 18 | MEDIUM | Cloud-shadow uniform block (13 uniforms + the `SHADOWMAP_CLOUDS` define) | `engine/graphics/material/SplatMaterial.js:80-96` + `:116` — `engine/graphics/material/WaterMaterial.js:22-38` + `:53` | Verbatim apart from `f_CloudsIntensity` default (0.3 vs 0.5). The **GLSL** half of the same feature is already centralised (`engine/graphics/shaders/lib/ShaderChunks.js:8-54`, four chunks) and a third file drives them by name (`engine/ecs/terrain/TerrainClouds.js:98-118,192`). So one feature's uniform names live in four files with only three of them sharing a home. | UNJUSTIFIED | Export a `make_clouds_uniforms()` factory from `engine/graphics/shaders/lib/` alongside the chunks it feeds, so the GLSL declarations and the JS uniform objects sit in one module. | S / low |
-| 19 | MEDIUM | Channel-count → format-prefix switch (`1→R, 2→RG, 3→RGB, 4→RGBA`, same throw message) | `engine/graphics/texture/computeThreeTextureInternalFormatFromDataType.js:43-60` — `engine/graphics/texture/normalized_internal_format.js:28-45` | 18 lines byte-identical including `` throw new Error(`Unsupported channel count '${channel_count}'`) ``. Only the *suffix* switch legitimately differs (integer vs normalized). | UNJUSTIFIED | New `engine/graphics/texture/channel_count_to_format_prefix.js`; both callers use it. | S / very low |
-| 20 | MEDIUM | GLSL: full-screen quad vertex shader | `engine/graphics/FULL_SCREEN_QUAD_VERTEX_SHADER.js:1-10` — `engine/graphics/shaders/ScreenSpaceQuadShader.js:3-14` (`vertexShader()`) | Both emit the identical `varying vec2 vUv; void main(){ vUv = uv; gl_Position = vec4((uv - 0.5)*2.0, 0.0, 1.0); }`. Two shared homes for one shader: `FULL_SCREEN_QUAD_VERTEX_SHADER` is used by `engine/graphics/filter/ImageFilter.js:33` and `engine/ecs/fow/shader/screenSpaceFogOfWarShader.js:10`; `ScreenSpaceQuadShader.vertexShader()` by six other files. The separate `projectionMatrix * modelViewMatrix` variant is retyped in 7 more files (see GLSL section). | UNJUSTIFIED | Keep `engine/graphics/shaders/ScreenSpaceQuadShader.js` as the home (more consumers, co-located with `glsl_gen_swizzled_read`); make `FULL_SCREEN_QUAD_VERTEX_SHADER` re-export from it. | S / very low |
-| 21 | LOW / PROMOTION | Screen-space material pass: build scene/camera/quad, bind material, draw | `engine/graphics/render/visibility/hiz/buildCanvasViewFromTexture.js:153-163` + `:196-213` (`renderSamplerFromTexture`) vs the existing `engine/graphics/render/utils/renderScreenSpace.js:6-33` and `engine/graphics/render/utils/renderTextureToScreenQuad.js:25-29` | `renderTextureToScreenQuad` is *exactly* what `renderSamplerFromTexture` re-implements, plus swizzle and integer-sampler support (`makeShader` at `:82-125`). Its `defineSamplerType`/`sampleTexel`/`scaleSample` helpers (`:30-74`) are generic texture-format→GLSL translation with no home. | PROMOTION | Move `defineSamplerType`/`sampleTexel`/`scaleSample` and the integer-capable swizzle shader into `engine/graphics/shaders/ScreenSpaceQuadShader.js` (extending it to integer formats), then have `renderSamplerFromTexture` use `renderScreenSpace`. | M / medium |
-| 22 | LOW / PROMOTION | Live-occupancy iteration over `VirtualTextureUsage` (occupancy array → fingerprint → count → skip ≤0 → decompose) | `engine/graphics/texture/virtual/debug/UsageDebugView.js:41-57` (`set usage`) — `engine/graphics/texture/virtual/debug/UsagePyramidDebugView.js:212-225` (`set usage`) — third raw consumer at `engine/graphics/texture/virtual/VirtualTexturePage.js:459-472` | Identical loop; the `count <= 0` skip is the non-obvious invariant (occupancy entries are not compacted) and it is re-stated in each consumer. `VirtualTextureUsage` exposes only `occupancy` / `occupancy_count` getters (`VirtualTextureUsage.js:42-51`). | PROMOTION | Add `traverse_live(callback, thisArg)` to `engine/graphics/texture/virtual/VirtualTextureUsage.js` and have all three consumers use it; the raw getters stay (public surface). | S / low — debug views only, plus one hot loop |
-| 23 | LOW | Numeric-type → channel-count-format dispatch | `engine/graphics/texture/attribute_spec_to_three_format.js:12-25` — `engine/graphics/texture/computeThreeTextureFormat.js:10-18` | Same `Uint/Int → channelCountToThreIntegerTextureType`, `Float → channelCountToThreeTextureFormat`, same throw message. `attribute_spec_to_three_format` only adds the `spec.normalized` pre-branch. | UNJUSTIFIED | `attribute_spec_to_three_format` should call `computeThreeTextureFormat(numeric_type, spec.itemSize)` for the non-normalized case. | S / very low |
-| 24 | LOW | Render-target save/restore idiom | 14 sites, 6 different local names: `engine/graphics/render/buffer/FrameBuffer.js:76` `_renderTarget` — `.../buffers/NormalFrameBuffer.js:124` `_state_rt` — `.../simple-fx/ao/AmbientOcclusionPostProcessEffect.js:255` `__old_state_rt` — `.../simple-fx/DepthLimitedBlur.js:130` `__old_state_rt` — `.../visibility/hiz/buffer/HierarchicalZBuffer.js:186` `__rt` — `.../hiz/query/BatchOcclusionQuery.js:167` `__rt` — `.../hiz/buildCanvasViewFromTexture.js:202` `_rt` — `engine/graphics/texture/virtual/VirtualTextureUsageUpdater.js:295` — `engine/graphics/ecs/highlight/renderer/OutlineRenderer.js:628` — `engine/graphics/filter/ImageFilter.js:55` — `engine/graphics/util/renderObjectToSampler2D.js:48` — `engine/graphics/shadows/ShadowMapRenderer.js:77` — `engine/graphics/sh3/lpv/WebGLCubeProbeRenderer.js:133` — `engine/graphics/impostors/octahedral/ImpostorBaker.js:78` | Not a *code* duplication so much as a repeated invariant ("restore or you corrupt the next pass"), and `DepthLimitedBlur.js:130-153` shows how much bigger it gets once clear-colour/alpha/`autoClear` join in. Low value on its own, but it is the through-line of findings #9 and #10. | UNJUSTIFIED (low) | A typed `RenderTargetScope` class in `engine/graphics/render/utils/` with `enter(renderer, target)` / `exit()` — no callbacks, no sentinels. Adopt opportunistically. | S / low |
-| 25 | LOW | Canvas + `createImageData` + `Sampler2D` over `imageData.data` + `putImageData` | `engine/graphics/makeModelView.js:15-35` — `engine/graphics/render/visibility/hiz/buildCanvasViewFromTexture.js:248-279` (`buildCanvasViewFromTexture`) | Same 4-step recipe (size canvas → `createImageData` → wrap the backing array in a `Sampler2D` → `putImageData` after each render). Related: `engine/graphics/texture/html_canvas_to_sampler2d.js:10-22` and `engine/graphics/texture/canvasDataToSampler.js:8-19` are two spellings of "getImageData → Sampler2D". | UNJUSTIFIED (low) | New `engine/graphics/texture/sampler/sampler2d_backed_canvas.js` returning `{canvas, sampler, present()}`; `canvasDataToSampler` delegates to `html_canvas_to_sampler2d`. | S / low |
-| 26 | LOW | Heat-map `ParameterLookupTable` colour ramp | `engine/graphics/render/forward_plus/debug/createScreenGrid.js:180-188` — `engine/ecs/terrain/util/paintTerrainOverlayViaLookupTable.js:11-20` — variant with an extra purple stop at `engine/graphics/render/forward_plus/materials/FPlusDebugMaterial.js:137-146` | The first two are byte-identical (same 6 RGBA stops, same `computeUniformPositions()` call). Debug-only, but three copies of one palette that is meant to be read comparatively across the two Forward+ debug views. | UNJUSTIFIED (low) | Export `make_heatmap_lut()` from `engine/graphics/render/forward_plus/debug/` (or `core/color/`) and use it in all three. | S / very low |
-| 27 | LOW | Direct `canvas.getContext("2d")` where a caching helper exists | `engine/graphics/texture/sampler/sampler2d_write_to_canvas_raw.js:31` — vs `engine/graphics/texture/html_canvas_to_rendering_context2d_cached.js:12-20` | The cached accessor exists specifically because repeated `getContext` on the same canvas is wasteful; `sampler2d_write_to_canvas_raw` (called per download/preview) bypasses it. Also `engine/graphics/texture/sampler/convertTexture2Sampler2D.js:62` and `engine/graphics/makeModelView.js:22`. | UNJUSTIFIED (low) | Use `html_canvas_to_rendering_context2d_cached`. | S / very low |
-| 28 | LOW | WebGL2 renderer construction (`createElement('canvas')` → `getContext('webgl2', …)` → `new WebGLRenderer({canvas, context, …})`) | `engine/graphics/render/RendererPool.js:9-16` (`WebGLRendererPool.get`) — `engine/graphics/GraphicsEngine.js:492-506` (`start`) | Same three-step vendor dance with divergent options (`antialias: true` on the context in the pool, `false` in the engine; `alpha: true` vs `powerPreference`). Two places to touch when a context attribute must change engine-wide. | UNJUSTIFIED (low) | New `engine/graphics/render/make_webgl2_renderer.js` taking a typed options object; both callers use it. | S / low |
-
-## Dismissed leads
-
-- `engine/graphics/geometry/geometry_construct_triangle_normal.js` vs `core/geom/3d/triangle/tri3_compute_normal.js` — **not** a duplicate: it already delegates on line 30. It is the correct index-fetch adapter. (MinHash matched the shared index→address prologue, which is finding #1.)
-- `engine/graphics/geometry/buffered/geometry_compute_vertex_normals_indexed.js` vs `..._unindexed.js` — both delegate to `geometry_construct_triangle_normal`; the remaining difference (accumulate-then-normalize vs copy) is the actual semantic difference. Model of correct reuse.
-- `engine/graphics/texture/3d/scs3d_sample_linear.js` vs `scs3d_sample_linear3.js` — JUSTIFIED. The 3-channel version documents (lines 6-16) that it deliberately shares one index/weight computation across three grids for the fluid advection hot loop; the duplicated prologue *is* the optimisation.
-- `engine/graphics/render/forward_plus/model/Decal.js` vs `engine/graphics/ecs/decal/v2/Decal.js` — name collision only. One is an encoded GPU record extending `AbstractLight` (`toArray`, `getAABB`); the other is a serializable ECS component (`toJSON`/`hash`/`equals`). No shared code.
-- `MaterialTransformer` name collision (finding #4 covers the real duplication) — the classes are otherwise unrelated; renaming is a separate naming concern, not a reuse failure.
-- `engine/graphics/geometry/AttributeGroupSpec.js:211` `getByteSize` vs `core/process/task/TaskGroup.js:50` — both are "sum a field over an array"; unrelated domains, no shared abstraction worth naming.
-- `engine/graphics/geometry/AttributeGroupSpec.js:51` `getAttributeByName` vs `engine/graphics/particles/particular/group/ParticleSpecification.js:23` `getByName` — `ParticleSpecification` is already marked `@deprecated use AttributeGroupSpec` (line 3). Documented migration state, not a new finding.
-- `engine/graphics/geometry/AttributeSpec.js:157` `getByteSize` — already derives from the shared `core/binary/type/DataTypeByteSizes.js`; the particle-side `getTypeByteSize.js` / `itemSizeFromAttributeType.js` key off different enums (`ParticleDataTypes` / `ParticleAttributeType`) in different units (bytes vs items) and live outside this domain.
-- `engine/graphics/render/forward_plus/model/{PointLight,SpotLight,DirectionalLight}.js` `onX`/`offX` signal-pair mirrors — verbose typed code, exactly what the house rules prefer over a signal-list registry.
-- `engine/graphics/render/forward_plus/cluster/read_plane_pair.js` vs `core/geom/vec3/v3_copy_array.js` / `aabb3_array_size.js` — false positive; `read_plane_pair` negates the second plane, which is its whole reason to exist.
-- `engine/graphics/render/visibility/IncrementalDeltaSet.js:310` `pushOther` vs `engine/ecs/animation/AnimationOptimizer.js:123` — false positive (generic array append loop).
-- `engine/graphics/texture/atlas/TextureAtlas.js:98` `getPatch`, `engine/graphics/render/layers/RenderLayerManager.js:47` `hideAll` — false positives (linear scan / forEach).
-- `engine/graphics/render/forward_plus/query/query_bvh_frustum_from_texture.js` vs `core/bvh2/binary/2/bvh32_query_user_data_*.js` — shared stack-traversal *shape*, but the payload (frustum plane rejection against a texture-backed light record) is genuinely different. Not worth unifying.
-- `engine/graphics/render/forward_plus/materials/FPlusStandardMaterial.js` — 350 lines of uniform accessors mirroring three's `MeshStandardMaterial`. This is the vendor adapter boundary doing its job; typed verbosity is the house preference.
-- `prototype*.js` / `test*.js` browser harnesses (`prototypeNormalFrameBuffer.js`, `prototypeHiZ.js`, `ptototypeFPPlugin.js`, `testClippingPlaneComputation.js`, …) account for ~20 of the 32 MinHash pairs — they share a `makeConfig`/`init` harness boilerplate. Out of scope per instructions; one shared `makeHarnessConfig()` would cover them all if ever wanted.
-
-## Notes
-
-Three structural reasons duplication accumulates in this domain:
-
-1. **The three.js boundary is not actually a boundary.** There are ~208 `from 'three'` imports and no adapter layer: every call site that needs a texture or a render target independently re-picks `format` / `type` / `internalFormat` / `wrapS` / `minFilter`, and hand-writes the GL internal-format string even though `computeThreeTextureInternalFormatFromDataType` and `normalized_internal_format` exist two directories away. Findings #7, #8, #9, #15, #28 are all one root cause. The `engine/graphics/texture/` directory already contains a well-factored translation layer (`attribute_spec_to_three_format`, `channelCountToThree*`, `numericTypeFromBinaryDataType`, `formatToChannelCount`, `GL_RGBFormat`) — it is simply bypassed by most of the engine.
-
-2. **Shared primitives exist but are not discovered.** In four separate findings the extracted helper was already in the tree and unused by its obvious callers: `traverseMaterialTextures` (#3), `frustum3_planes_to_flat_from_three` (#6 — imported in the same file that also imports the duplicate), `array_quick_sort_by_comparator` (#5), `renderScreenSpace` / `renderTextureToScreenQuad` (#10, #21). Naming is the likely cause: `computeFrustumCorners` and `frustum_compute_corners`, `sampler2d_to_texture` and `sampler2d_to_float32_texture`, `FULL_SCREEN_QUAD_VERTEX_SHADER` and `ScreenSpaceQuadShader.vertexShader()` are pairwise indistinguishable from an import list.
-
-3. **Copies drift into defects.** Two findings are not hygiene items — the duplicate is already wrong. `engine/graphics/sh3/gi/material/MaterialTransformer.js:311` discards the result of `result.clone()` (mutating the caller's material) where its twin at `plugin/MaterialTransformer.js:107` assigns it; `engine/graphics/render/forward_plus/sort_decal_data.js:70,74` re-reads the pivot through a mutating array where both core quicksorts capture the pivot value first. That is the argument for consolidating: these bugs cannot exist in a single implementation.
-
-### GLSL duplication
-
-Token-based detection is blind here — every one of these lives inside a template literal or a `[...].join("\n")` array. Verbatim-repeated fragments found:
-
-- **Concentric-disk → cosine-hemisphere → branchless orthonormal basis** (~45 lines, 3 functions). `render/buffer/simple-fx/ao/SAOShader.js:173-219` ⟷ `shaders/AmbientOcclusionShader.js:174-219`. Should live in `engine/graphics/shaders/lib/` (finding #12).
-- **`getDepth` (DEPTH_PACKING-guarded) + `getViewZ` (PERSPECTIVE_CAMERA-guarded) + `r2_marty` + the Hilbert `texelFetch(tHilbert, ivec2(gl_FragCoord.xy) & 63, 0).x` idiom.** `SAOShader.js:86-100,169-171,252` ⟷ `SAOUpscaleShader.js:79-93,96-98,129`. Should live in a `SAO_GLSL_COMMON.js` next to them (finding #13).
-- **`float convert_depth_to_linear(in float d)`** — 16 lines, identical. `render/forward_plus/materials/FP_SHADER_CHUNK_DECODE_PARS.js:30-45` ⟷ `render/forward_plus/materials/FPlusDebugMaterial.js:63-78`. The chunk is the home; the debug material should include it (finding #14).
-- **Forward+ cluster addressing** (`textureSize(fp_t_light_tiles,0)` → `ivec3` position → `texelFetch(...).rgba`). `FP_SHADER_CHUNK_LOAD_METADATA.js:5-8` ⟷ `FPlusDebugMaterial.js:84-87` (with the x-flip applied at a different place). Same home (finding #14).
-- **Forward+ uniform declarations** (`fp_t_light_tiles`, `fp_f_camera_near/far`, `fp_resolution`, `fp_v3_light_cluster_resolution`). `FP_SHADER_CHUNK_PREAMBLE.js:8-31` ⟷ `FPlusDebugMaterial.js:29-45`. Same home (finding #14); the JS-side twin is finding #11.
-- **Full-screen quad vertex shader, NDC form.** `FULL_SCREEN_QUAD_VERTEX_SHADER.js:1-10` ⟷ `shaders/ScreenSpaceQuadShader.js:3-14` — identical GLSL, two shared homes (finding #20).
-- **Full-screen quad vertex shader, `projectionMatrix * modelViewMatrix` form** — the same 5 lines (`varying vec2 vUv; void main(){ vUv = uv; gl_Position = projectionMatrix * modelViewMatrix * vec4(position,1.0); }`) retyped in **seven** places: `postprocess/threejs/shaders/CopyShader.js:15-26`, `shaders/CopyShader.js:16-27`, `shaders/AlphaBlendShader.js:10-21`, `shaders/ClearShader.js:8-16` (vUv-less variant), `shaders/NormalMapShader2.js:40-51`, `render/buffer/simple-fx/ao/SAOShader.js:47-54`, `render/buffer/simple-fx/ao/SAOUpscaleShader.js:51-58`, `render/visibility/hiz/buildCanvasViewFromTexture.js:94-103`. Belongs beside `ScreenSpaceQuadShader` as a second named export (the two forms are not interchangeable — the NDC form ignores the quad's model matrix — so they must both exist, but each only once).
-- **Cloud-shadow chunks** — correctly centralised already in `shaders/lib/ShaderChunks.js:8-54`; only the JS uniform block is duplicated (finding #18). Included here as the counter-example of what the rest should look like.
-
-No duplicated octahedral encode/decode, normal/depth packing, tonemapping, sRGB conversion or IGN dithering was found *inside this domain* — those chunks are either single-sourced (`core/geom/3d/octahedra/**`), taken from three's `#include <packing>`, or live in `engine/graphics/impostors/**` and `engine/ecs/fow/**` which belong to other domains.
+# Domain C — engine/graphics (render, material, texture, geometry, shaders)
+
+All paths are relative to `H:/git/moh/app/src/mir-engine/meep/src/`.
+Every finding below was verified by opening both (all) sites.
+
+## Findings
+
+| # | Severity | Concept | Sites | Evidence | Verdict | Proposed common path | Effort/Risk |
+|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
+| 1 | HIGH | Triangle-vertex fetch from a possibly-normalized, possibly-implicitly-indexed vertex buffer (~45 lines: index resolve → 3 addresses → 9 reads → 9 denormalize + 6 asserts) | `engine/graphics/geometry/buffered/query/bvh32_geometry_nearest.js:151-201` (leaf block of `bvh32_geometry_nearest`) — `.../bvh32_geometry_raycast.js:59-109` (`bvh32_geometry_raycast`) — `.../bvh32_geometry_overlap_clipping_volume.js:46-96` (`bvh32_geometry_overlap_clipping_volume`) | Character-identical apart from the local name of the triangle index. Same assert strings verbatim (`'triangle index overflow, possibly geometry changed but tree was not rebuilt?'`, `'a-vertex overflow'`). Any change to the interleaved/normalized contract must be made in 3 places. | UNJUSTIFIED | New `engine/graphics/geometry/buffered/read_triangle_vertices.js` — `read_triangle_vertices(out9, vertices, vertex_offset, vertex_stride, vertex_data_normalized, indices, triangle_index)` writing into a module-static `Float64Array(9)`. Asserts stay (free in prod). | M / low — 3 mechanical call-site rewrites, covered by `bvh32_geometry_nearest.spec.js` |
+| 2 | HIGH | Nearest-point-on-mesh BVH query: ordered child descent by `aabb3_unsigned_distance_sqr_to_point` + leaf `tri3_closest_point_barycentric` → barycentric reconstruct → `v3_distance_sqr` → write `SurfacePoint3` + `tri3_compute_normal` | `engine/graphics/geometry/buffered/query/bvh32_geometry_nearest.js:37-247` — `engine/graphics/geometry/buffered/query/query_bvh_geometry_nearest.js:35-208` | Two whole implementations of the same algorithm against two BVH layouts (`BinaryUint32BVH` implicit-index vs `BVH` pointer nodes). Child-ordering block (`bvh32:110-130` vs `query:114-134`) and the entire leaf body (`bvh32:203-242` vs `query:164-203`) are token-identical. `query_bvh_geometry_nearest` has exactly one caller (`engine/graphics/sh3/path_tracer/BufferedGeometryBVH.js:286`). | UNJUSTIFIED (traversal genuinely differs; the leaf work does not) | Extract the leaf into `engine/graphics/geometry/buffered/query/nearest_point_on_triangle_record.js` — `(result, triangle_index, best_distance_sqr, x,y,z, ax..cz) → number` returning the new best distance (or `-1` when not improved); both traversals call it. | M / medium — behaviour-preserving, both have specs |
+| 3 | HIGH | Material-texture coalescing loop over `TextureAttachmentsByMaterialType` + identically-configured `Cache<Texture,Texture>` | `engine/graphics/material/manager/compilers/CoalesceTextures.js:18-22` + `:25-69` (`transform`) — `engine/asset/loaders/material/StaticMaterialCache.js:27-31` + `:48-89` (`acquire`) | Lines 48-89 of `StaticMaterialCache.acquire` are byte-identical to lines 26-66 of `CoalesceTextures.transform`, comment-for-comment (`//check cache`, `//console.log('Re-using texture', existingTexture);`, `//texture was not in cache, cache it`). **The extracted helper already exists** — `engine/asset/loaders/material/traverseMaterialTextures.js:9-37` is exactly this traversal — and neither caller uses it. | UNJUSTIFIED | Give `engine/asset/loaders/material/` a `TextureCoalescer` class holding the `Cache` and a `coalesce(material)` method built on `traverseMaterialTextures`; `CoalesceTextures` (transformer) and `StaticMaterialCache` both own one. | S / low |
+| 4 | HIGH | "Marked material transform" protocol: own-property marker check → throw on foreign transformer → clone → `composeCompile` → stamp marker | `engine/graphics/render/forward_plus/plugin/MaterialTransformer.js:91-124` (`transform`) — `engine/graphics/sh3/gi/material/MaterialTransformer.js:294-321` (`transform`) | Same 5-step protocol, same error string verbatim (`'The material is already transformed, but is associated with a different transformer instance'`). **The copy has already diverged into a defect**: `sh3/gi` line 311 is `result.clone();` — the clone's return value is discarded, so it mutates the *caller's* material; it also omits the `source.isShaderMaterial` uniforms/defines copy that the FP version does at `:110-114`. `AbstractMaterialTransformer` (`engine/graphics/material/manager/AbstractMaterialTransformer.js`) is an empty 10-line stub that could own this. | UNJUSTIFIED | Move the protocol into `AbstractMaterialTransformer` as a final `transform(source)` that calls an abstract `#build(source)`; both concrete transformers implement only the shader-patching hook. Also fixes the `sh3/gi` clone bug. | M / medium — touches the Forward+ contract, but `MaterialManager.spec.js` covers the chain |
+| 5 | HIGH | Iterative (stack-based) quicksort partition loop | `engine/graphics/render/forward_plus/sort_decal_data.js:47-102` (`sort_decal_data`) — `core/collection/array/array_quick_sort_by_comparator.js:11-75` — `core/collection/array/array_sort_quick.js:17-…` — `view/minimap/gl/MinimapMarkersGL.js:141-198` (`__sortByZIndex`) | Identical stack/pivot/partition/recursion skeleton (`stackPointer -= 2`, `(left + right) >> 1`, same `/* partition */` and `/* recursion */` comments). **The copy has diverged into a hazard**: both core versions capture the pivot *value* first (`const pivot = data[pivotIndex]`), while `sort_decal_data.js:70,74` re-reads `lookup[pivotIndex]` through `compare_decals` on every comparison — and `lookup[pivotIndex]` is itself swapped during partitioning, so the pivot changes mid-partition. `array_sort_quick` already supports a custom `swap_operator`, which is precisely what both copies needed. | UNJUSTIFIED | `sort_decal_data` should call `core/collection/array/array_quick_sort_by_comparator.js` with a bound comparator (and, if the lookup indirection must stay, extend that primitive with the `swap_operator` parameter `array_sort_quick` already has). | S / medium — fixes a latent ordering bug; decal draw order is visible |
+| 6 | MEDIUM | Frustum corner extraction: which triple of planes produces which of the 8 corners, and in what output order | `engine/graphics/render/forward_plus/computeFrustumCorners.js:9-68` (`computeFrustumCorners`, three.js `Plane[]`) — `core/geom/3d/frustum/frustum_compute_corners.js:13-…` (`frustum_compute_corners`, flat array) | Same 8-entry corner table, same output stride, only the plane accessor differs. The vendor→flat converter already exists (`core/geom/3d/frustum/frustum3_planes_to_flat_from_three.js`) and **`LightManager.js` already imports it at line 28** while also importing `computeFrustumCorners` at line 48. The JSDoc even points at the twin (`computeFrustumCorners.js:5`). Violates "confine vendor imports to boundaries". | UNJUSTIFIED | Delete the body: `computeFrustumCorners` becomes `frustum3_planes_to_flat_from_three(planes, scratch)` + `frustum_compute_corners(result, 0, scratch, 0)`. Keep the export (public surface). | S / low — `frustum_compute_corners.spec.js` exists |
+| 7 | MEDIUM | GPU internal-format string, hand-written instead of derived | 22 literal sites; in-domain: `engine/graphics/render/buffer/buffers/NormalFrameBuffer.js:44` `'RGBA16F'` — `.../ColorAndDepthFrameBuffer.js:58` — `.../simple-fx/ao/AmbientOcclusionPostProcessEffect.js:97,388` — `.../ao/generateHilbertNoiseTexture.js:27` — `.../forward_plus/LightManager.js:185` — `.../visibility/hiz/buffer/HierarchicalZBuffer.js:99` — `.../hiz/query/BatchOcclusionQuery.js:32` — `engine/graphics/texture/atlas/AtlasLookupTexture.js:34` — `.../texture/virtual/VirtualTextureMemoryMapping.js:51` — `.../virtual/VirtualTexturePage.js:184` — `.../virtual/VirtualTextureUsageUpdater.js:112` — `engine/graphics/sh3/gi/material/makeLookupTexture3D.js:30`, `makeOctahedralDepthAtlas.js:26`, `sh3/lpg/light_probe_grid_textures.js:61,100` | `engine/graphics/texture/computeThreeTextureInternalFormatFromDataType.js` and `.../normalized_internal_format.js` exist precisely to derive this from (`BinaryDataType`, channel count) — only 6 files use them. The `format` / `type` / `internalFormat` triple must agree or the texture silently fails to upload; three copies of the knowledge (three enum, three enum, GL string) are maintained by hand at each site. Note `AtlasLookupTexture.js:32-34` carries a comment explaining a past mismatch — i.e. this has already bitten. | UNJUSTIFIED | Route every site through the existing `engine/graphics/texture/computeThreeTextureInternalFormatFromDataType.js` / `normalized_internal_format.js` (both already in the right home). | M / low — mechanical, per-site verifiable |
+| 8 | MEDIUM | `DataTexture3D` construction recipe (name, `flipY=false`, `generateMipmaps=false`, min/mag filter, `wrapS/T/R = ClampToEdgeWrapping`, type, format, internalFormat, `unpackAlignment = 4`, `needsUpdate = true`) | `engine/graphics/sh3/gi/material/makeLookupTexture3D.js:8-36` — `engine/graphics/sh3/lpg/light_probe_grid_textures.js:39-68` (`make_light_probe_grid_luma_texture`) — `.../light_probe_grid_textures.js:78-107` (`make_light_probe_grid_chroma_texture`) | Three copies of the same 12-property block; the two in `light_probe_grid_textures.js` differ only in typed-array constructor / type / format / internalFormat. 2D siblings of the same recipe: `engine/graphics/sh3/gi/material/makeOctahedralDepthAtlas.js:8-30`, `engine/graphics/texture/virtual/VirtualTextureMemoryMapping.js:31-58`, `engine/graphics/texture/atlas/AtlasLookupTexture.js:25-34`. | UNJUSTIFIED | New `engine/graphics/texture/3d/make_data_texture_3d.js` taking an `AttributeSpec` + resolution + a `TextureFilterMode` enum value, deriving format/type/internalFormat via the helpers in finding #7 (this is the natural home per the task brief). A 2D sibling `engine/graphics/texture/make_data_texture_2d.js` covers the other three. | M / low |
+| 9 | MEDIUM | "Data render target" option object: `{minFilter/magFilter: NearestFilter, format, type, internalFormat, depthBuffer:false, stencilBuffer:false, wrapS/T: ClampToEdgeWrapping, generateMipmaps:false}` | `engine/graphics/ecs/highlight/renderer/OutlineRenderer.js:232-273` (**five** near-identical literals in one constructor) — `engine/graphics/render/visibility/hiz/buffer/HierarchicalZBuffer.js:94-105` — `engine/graphics/render/visibility/hiz/query/BatchOcclusionQuery.js:41-52` — `engine/graphics/texture/virtual/VirtualTextureUsageUpdater.js:105-117` — `engine/graphics/render/buffer/simple-fx/ao/AmbientOcclusionPostProcessEffect.js:91-101` — `engine/graphics/filter/ImageFilter.js:46-51` — `engine/graphics/render/visibility/hiz/buildCanvasViewFromTexture.js:167-172` — `engine/graphics/util/renderObjectToSampler2D.js:29-36` | Ten+ copies of one recipe, each independently re-picking the three.js enums. This is the exact "same three.js translation logic repeated" case the house rule names. Divergences are already visible: `BatchOcclusionQuery.js:46` has the `internalFormat` commented out; `ImageFilter` uses `LinearFilter` where its twin `renderObjectToSampler2D` sets `magFilter` too. | UNJUSTIFIED | New `engine/graphics/texture/make_data_render_target.js` — typed parameters (resolution, `AttributeSpec`, a project-owned `TextureFilterMode`, `depth: boolean`), all three.js enums confined inside. | M / low |
+| 10 | MEDIUM | Offscreen full-screen-quad pass → `readPixels` into a `Sampler2D`/typed array, with `getRenderTarget()`/`setRenderTarget()` save-restore | `engine/graphics/filter/ImageFilter.js:14-77` (`processTexture`) — `engine/graphics/render/visibility/hiz/buildCanvasViewFromTexture.js:139-227` (`renderSamplerFromTexture`) — `engine/graphics/util/renderObjectToSampler2D.js:15-83` | All three build their own `OrthographicCamera(-1,1,1,-1,0,1)` + `Scene` + `Mesh(FULL_SCREEN_TRIANGLE_GEOMETRY)`, their own `renderTargetOptions` literal (same variable name in all three), then `renderer.getContext(); gl.readPixels(0,0,w,h,gl.RGBA,gl.UNSIGNED_BYTE, dest)` and restore. **The scene/camera/quad half already exists** as `engine/graphics/render/utils/renderScreenSpace.js:6-33` (module-static, matrix-auto-update disabled) — none of the three use it. | UNJUSTIFIED | Two steps: (a) all three switch the draw to `renderScreenSpace(renderer, material)`; (b) extract `engine/graphics/render/utils/read_render_target_to_sampler2d.js` for the RT+readPixels+restore half. | M / medium — `renderObjectToSampler2D` feeds the model-preview path |
+| 11 | MEDIUM | Forward+ uniform block (`fp_t_light_tiles`, `fp_t_light_lookup`, `fp_t_light_data`, `fp_t_decal_atlas`, `fp_t_decal_atlas_resolution`, `fp_v3_light_cluster_resolution`, `fp_f_camera_near`, `fp_f_camera_far`, `fp_resolution`) declared in JS | `engine/graphics/render/forward_plus/materials/ForwardPlusThreeMaterial.js:9-40` — `engine/graphics/render/forward_plus/plugin/MaterialTransformer.js:23-56` — `engine/graphics/render/forward_plus/materials/FPlusDebugMaterial.js:105-130` — matching GLSL declarations in `engine/graphics/render/forward_plus/materials/FP_SHADER_CHUNK_PREAMBLE.js:8-31` | Four hand-maintained copies of one uniform contract. They have **already drifted**: `ForwardPlusThreeMaterial` omits `fp_t_decal_atlas_resolution` and `fp_v3_light_cluster_resolution` that the preamble declares; `MaterialTransformer.js:40-43` declares `fp_t_decal_atlas_resolution` with `type:'t'` while the GLSL declares it `uniform vec2`. A missing/mistyped uniform here degrades silently (decals/lights just stop). | UNJUSTIFIED | New `engine/graphics/render/forward_plus/materials/fp_make_common_uniforms.js` returning the typed uniform object, exported next to `FP_SHADER_CHUNK_PREAMBLE` so the GLSL and JS declarations live in one directory and are reviewed together. | S / medium — Forward+ contract; A/B by adding a clustered point light |
+| 12 | MEDIUM | GLSL: concentric-disk mapping + cosine-weighted hemisphere sample + branchless (Duff/Frisvad) orthonormal basis | `engine/graphics/render/buffer/simple-fx/ao/SAOShader.js:173-219` (`sampleUniformDiskConcentric`, `sampleCosineWeightedHemisphere`, `buildOrthonormalBasis`) — `engine/graphics/shaders/AmbientOcclusionShader.js:174-219` (`sample_uniform_disk_concentric`, `sample_cosine_weighted_hemisphere`, `build_orthonormal_matrix_n`) | ~45 lines of GLSL, mathematically identical line-for-line (same branch structure, same `n.z < 0.0` split, same `a`/`b` temporaries); only identifier casing and `const float PI_4` vs inline `PI * 0.25` differ. Invisible to the token-based pass because both live inside template literals. | UNJUSTIFIED | New `engine/graphics/shaders/lib/GLSL_CHUNK_HEMISPHERE_SAMPLING.js` next to the existing `engine/graphics/shaders/lib/ShaderChunks.js` (which already is the project's GLSL-chunk home), interpolated into both shaders. | S / low — text move, verify by compiling both effects |
+| 13 | MEDIUM | GLSL: depth decode / view-Z reconstruction / blue-noise permutation shared by the two halves of one effect | `engine/graphics/render/buffer/simple-fx/ao/SAOShader.js:86-92` (`getDepth`), `:94-100` (`getViewZ`), `:169-171` (`r2_marty`), `:47-54` (vertex shader), `:252` (Hilbert texelFetch) — `engine/graphics/render/buffer/simple-fx/ao/SAOUpscaleShader.js:79-85`, `:87-93`, `:96-98`, `:51-58`, `:129` | Verbatim, including the magic constants `vec2( 0.245122333753, 0.430159709002 )` and the `ivec2( gl_FragCoord.xy ) & 63` mask. The two shaders are a matched pair (the upscale explicitly reproduces the AO pass's depth-texel snapping — see its header comment); a change to `getDepth`/`getViewZ` in one and not the other silently breaks the pairing. | UNJUSTIFIED | Shared `engine/graphics/render/buffer/simple-fx/ao/SAO_GLSL_COMMON.js` exporting the `DEPTH_PACKING`/`PERSPECTIVE_CAMERA`-guarded depth chunk, `r2_marty`, and the vertex shader; both descriptors interpolate it. | S / low |
+| 14 | MEDIUM | GLSL: `convert_depth_to_linear` + Forward+ cluster addressing (`textureSize` → `ivec3` cluster position → `texelFetch` metadata) | `engine/graphics/render/forward_plus/materials/FP_SHADER_CHUNK_DECODE_PARS.js:30-45` and `FP_SHADER_CHUNK_LOAD_METADATA.js:5-8` and `FP_SHADER_CHUNK_PREAMBLE.js:8-31` — re-typed by hand in `engine/graphics/render/forward_plus/materials/FPlusDebugMaterial.js:63-78` (`convert_depth_to_linear`), `:84-87` (cluster addressing), `:29-45` (uniform declarations) | `convert_depth_to_linear` is line-for-line identical between the chunk and the debug material. The cluster-addressing lines differ only in where the `1.0 - x` flip is applied (`fp_build_fragment_shader.js:15` does `clip_v.x = 1.0 - clip_v.x`; `FPlusDebugMaterial.js:85` inlines `( 1.0 - clip_v.x)`). This is the *debug visualiser for the binning* — if binning changes, the debug view silently keeps showing the old mapping and lies about the bug you are hunting. | UNJUSTIFIED | `FPlusDebugMaterial` should compose `FP_SHADER_CHUNK_PREAMBLE` + `FP_SHADER_CHUNK_DECODE_PARS` + `FP_SHADER_CHUNK_LOAD_METADATA` instead of re-typing them. | S / low |
+| 15 | MEDIUM | GPU-resident growable typed-array-backed `DataTexture` (allocate from `BinaryDataType`, set format/type/internalFormat, nearest filters, no mipmaps, `dispose()` + copy-forward on resize) | `engine/graphics/texture/AttributeDataTexture.js:121-196` (`resize`, `build`) — `engine/graphics/texture/TextureBackedMemoryRegion.js:57-73` + `:187-227` (`build`) | Same responsibility, same three helper calls (`compute_typed_array_constructor_from_data_type`, `computeThreeTextureTypeFromDataType`, `computeThreeTextureInternalFormatFromDataType`), same dispose-then-reassign-`image.data` resize protocol. They differ only in how the element description arrives (`AttributeSpec` vs `NumericType`+`precision`+`channel_count`) and in row-packing policy. | UNJUSTIFIED | `TextureBackedMemoryRegion` should hold an `AttributeSpec` and delegate storage to `AttributeDataTexture` (which is the more complete of the two), keeping only its `DATA_TEXTURE_WIDTH`/grow-shrink policy. | M / medium — both are live GPU paths; `AttributeDataTexture.spec.js` exists |
+| 16 | MEDIUM | Whole-file duplicate: `CopyShader` | `engine/graphics/postprocess/threejs/shaders/CopyShader.js:6-45` — `engine/graphics/shaders/CopyShader.js:5-47` | Identical uniforms + identical vertex and fragment source, differing only in shape (frozen object vs zero-arg factory returning a fresh object). The `postprocess/threejs/shaders/` directory contains nothing else. Only `engine/graphics/texture/sampler/convertTexture2Sampler2D.js:4` imports one of them; `engine/graphics/shaders/CopyShader.js` has no internal caller (public surface — keep). A *third* copy is pulled from `three/examples/jsm/shaders/CopyShader.js` in `prototypeNormalFrameBuffer.js:12`. | UNJUSTIFIED | Keep `engine/graphics/shaders/CopyShader.js` as the home; make `engine/graphics/postprocess/threejs/shaders/CopyShader.js` a one-line re-export (`export default CopyShader()` shape shim) marked `@deprecated`, per the library rule. Then delete the empty `postprocess/` tree in a later pass. | S / low |
+| 17 | MEDIUM | Sampler channel extremum scan (42 lines) | `engine/graphics/texture/sampler/sampler2d_channel_compute_max.js:9-51` — `engine/graphics/texture/sampler/sampler2d_channel_compute_min.js:9-51` | Byte-identical except the comparison operator on line 31 (`bestValue < value` vs `bestValue > value`). Same three asserts, same `//no data` comment, same `{index, value, x, y}` return shape, same `(bestIndex / itemSize) | 0` index→xy math. | UNJUSTIFIED | New `engine/graphics/texture/sampler/sampler2d_channel_compute_extreme.js` taking an explicit `ExtremumDirection` enum member (typed constant, not a string key, not a `null`-means-auto sentinel); both existing exports become 2-line wrappers and stay public. | S / low — both have specs |
+| 18 | MEDIUM | Cloud-shadow uniform block (13 uniforms + the `SHADOWMAP_CLOUDS` define) | `engine/graphics/material/SplatMaterial.js:80-96` + `:116` — `engine/graphics/material/WaterMaterial.js:22-38` + `:53` | Verbatim apart from `f_CloudsIntensity` default (0.3 vs 0.5). The **GLSL** half of the same feature is already centralised (`engine/graphics/shaders/lib/ShaderChunks.js:8-54`, four chunks) and a third file drives them by name (`engine/ecs/terrain/TerrainClouds.js:98-118,192`). So one feature's uniform names live in four files with only three of them sharing a home. | UNJUSTIFIED | Export a `make_clouds_uniforms()` factory from `engine/graphics/shaders/lib/` alongside the chunks it feeds, so the GLSL declarations and the JS uniform objects sit in one module. | S / low |
+| 19 | MEDIUM | Channel-count → format-prefix switch (`1→R, 2→RG, 3→RGB, 4→RGBA`, same throw message) | `engine/graphics/texture/computeThreeTextureInternalFormatFromDataType.js:43-60` — `engine/graphics/texture/normalized_internal_format.js:28-45` | 18 lines byte-identical including `` throw new Error(`Unsupported channel count '${channel_count}'`) ``. Only the *suffix* switch legitimately differs (integer vs normalized). | UNJUSTIFIED | New `engine/graphics/texture/channel_count_to_format_prefix.js`; both callers use it. | S / very low |
+| 20 | MEDIUM | GLSL: full-screen quad vertex shader | `engine/graphics/FULL_SCREEN_QUAD_VERTEX_SHADER.js:1-10` — `engine/graphics/shaders/ScreenSpaceQuadShader.js:3-14` (`vertexShader()`) | Both emit the identical `varying vec2 vUv; void main(){ vUv = uv; gl_Position = vec4((uv - 0.5)*2.0, 0.0, 1.0); }`. Two shared homes for one shader: `FULL_SCREEN_QUAD_VERTEX_SHADER` is used by `engine/graphics/filter/ImageFilter.js:33` and `engine/ecs/fow/shader/screenSpaceFogOfWarShader.js:10`; `ScreenSpaceQuadShader.vertexShader()` by six other files. The separate `projectionMatrix * modelViewMatrix` variant is retyped in 7 more files (see GLSL section). | UNJUSTIFIED | Keep `engine/graphics/shaders/ScreenSpaceQuadShader.js` as the home (more consumers, co-located with `glsl_gen_swizzled_read`); make `FULL_SCREEN_QUAD_VERTEX_SHADER` re-export from it. | S / very low |
+| 21 | LOW / PROMOTION | Screen-space material pass: build scene/camera/quad, bind material, draw | `engine/graphics/render/visibility/hiz/buildCanvasViewFromTexture.js:153-163` + `:196-213` (`renderSamplerFromTexture`) vs the existing `engine/graphics/render/utils/renderScreenSpace.js:6-33` and `engine/graphics/render/utils/renderTextureToScreenQuad.js:25-29` | `renderTextureToScreenQuad` is *exactly* what `renderSamplerFromTexture` re-implements, plus swizzle and integer-sampler support (`makeShader` at `:82-125`). Its `defineSamplerType`/`sampleTexel`/`scaleSample` helpers (`:30-74`) are generic texture-format→GLSL translation with no home. | PROMOTION | Move `defineSamplerType`/`sampleTexel`/`scaleSample` and the integer-capable swizzle shader into `engine/graphics/shaders/ScreenSpaceQuadShader.js` (extending it to integer formats), then have `renderSamplerFromTexture` use `renderScreenSpace`. | M / medium |
+| 22 | LOW / PROMOTION | Live-occupancy iteration over `VirtualTextureUsage` (occupancy array → fingerprint → count → skip ≤0 → decompose) | `engine/graphics/texture/virtual/debug/UsageDebugView.js:41-57` (`set usage`) — `engine/graphics/texture/virtual/debug/UsagePyramidDebugView.js:212-225` (`set usage`) — third raw consumer at `engine/graphics/texture/virtual/VirtualTexturePage.js:459-472` | Identical loop; the `count <= 0` skip is the non-obvious invariant (occupancy entries are not compacted) and it is re-stated in each consumer. `VirtualTextureUsage` exposes only `occupancy` / `occupancy_count` getters (`VirtualTextureUsage.js:42-51`). | PROMOTION | Add `traverse_live(callback, thisArg)` to `engine/graphics/texture/virtual/VirtualTextureUsage.js` and have all three consumers use it; the raw getters stay (public surface). | S / low — debug views only, plus one hot loop |
+| 23 | LOW | Numeric-type → channel-count-format dispatch | `engine/graphics/texture/attribute_spec_to_three_format.js:12-25` — `engine/graphics/texture/computeThreeTextureFormat.js:10-18` | Same `Uint/Int → channelCountToThreIntegerTextureType`, `Float → channelCountToThreeTextureFormat`, same throw message. `attribute_spec_to_three_format` only adds the `spec.normalized` pre-branch. | UNJUSTIFIED | `attribute_spec_to_three_format` should call `computeThreeTextureFormat(numeric_type, spec.itemSize)` for the non-normalized case. | S / very low |
+| 24 | LOW | Render-target save/restore idiom | 14 sites, 6 different local names: `engine/graphics/render/buffer/FrameBuffer.js:76` `_renderTarget` — `.../buffers/NormalFrameBuffer.js:124` `_state_rt` — `.../simple-fx/ao/AmbientOcclusionPostProcessEffect.js:255` `__old_state_rt` — `.../simple-fx/DepthLimitedBlur.js:130` `__old_state_rt` — `.../visibility/hiz/buffer/HierarchicalZBuffer.js:186` `__rt` — `.../hiz/query/BatchOcclusionQuery.js:167` `__rt` — `.../hiz/buildCanvasViewFromTexture.js:202` `_rt` — `engine/graphics/texture/virtual/VirtualTextureUsageUpdater.js:295` — `engine/graphics/ecs/highlight/renderer/OutlineRenderer.js:628` — `engine/graphics/filter/ImageFilter.js:55` — `engine/graphics/util/renderObjectToSampler2D.js:48` — `engine/graphics/shadows/ShadowMapRenderer.js:77` — `engine/graphics/sh3/lpv/WebGLCubeProbeRenderer.js:133` — `engine/graphics/impostors/octahedral/ImpostorBaker.js:78` | Not a *code* duplication so much as a repeated invariant ("restore or you corrupt the next pass"), and `DepthLimitedBlur.js:130-153` shows how much bigger it gets once clear-colour/alpha/`autoClear` join in. Low value on its own, but it is the through-line of findings #9 and #10. | UNJUSTIFIED (low) | A typed `RenderTargetScope` class in `engine/graphics/render/utils/` with `enter(renderer, target)` / `exit()` — no callbacks, no sentinels. Adopt opportunistically. | S / low |
+| 25 | LOW | Canvas + `createImageData` + `Sampler2D` over `imageData.data` + `putImageData` | `engine/graphics/makeModelView.js:15-35` — `engine/graphics/render/visibility/hiz/buildCanvasViewFromTexture.js:248-279` (`buildCanvasViewFromTexture`) | Same 4-step recipe (size canvas → `createImageData` → wrap the backing array in a `Sampler2D` → `putImageData` after each render). Related: `engine/graphics/texture/html_canvas_to_sampler2d.js:10-22` and `engine/graphics/texture/canvasDataToSampler.js:8-19` are two spellings of "getImageData → Sampler2D". | UNJUSTIFIED (low) | New `engine/graphics/texture/sampler/sampler2d_backed_canvas.js` returning `{canvas, sampler, present()}`; `canvasDataToSampler` delegates to `html_canvas_to_sampler2d`. | S / low |
+| 26 | LOW | Heat-map `ParameterLookupTable` colour ramp | `engine/graphics/render/forward_plus/debug/createScreenGrid.js:180-188` — `engine/ecs/terrain/util/paintTerrainOverlayViaLookupTable.js:11-20` — variant with an extra purple stop at `engine/graphics/render/forward_plus/materials/FPlusDebugMaterial.js:137-146` | The first two are byte-identical (same 6 RGBA stops, same `computeUniformPositions()` call). Debug-only, but three copies of one palette that is meant to be read comparatively across the two Forward+ debug views. | UNJUSTIFIED (low) | Export `make_heatmap_lut()` from `engine/graphics/render/forward_plus/debug/` (or `core/color/`) and use it in all three. | S / very low |
+| 27 | LOW | Direct `canvas.getContext("2d")` where a caching helper exists | `engine/graphics/texture/sampler/sampler2d_write_to_canvas_raw.js:31` — vs `engine/graphics/texture/html_canvas_to_rendering_context2d_cached.js:12-20` | The cached accessor exists specifically because repeated `getContext` on the same canvas is wasteful; `sampler2d_write_to_canvas_raw` (called per download/preview) bypasses it. Also `engine/graphics/texture/sampler/convertTexture2Sampler2D.js:62` and `engine/graphics/makeModelView.js:22`. | UNJUSTIFIED (low) | Use `html_canvas_to_rendering_context2d_cached`. | S / very low |
+| 28 | LOW | WebGL2 renderer construction (`createElement('canvas')` → `getContext('webgl2', …)` → `new WebGLRenderer({canvas, context, …})`) | `engine/graphics/render/RendererPool.js:9-16` (`WebGLRendererPool.get`) — `engine/graphics/GraphicsEngine.js:492-506` (`start`) | Same three-step vendor dance with divergent options (`antialias: true` on the context in the pool, `false` in the engine; `alpha: true` vs `powerPreference`). Two places to touch when a context attribute must change engine-wide. | UNJUSTIFIED (low) | New `engine/graphics/render/make_webgl2_renderer.js` taking a typed options object; both callers use it. | S / low |
+
+## Dismissed leads
+
+- `engine/graphics/geometry/geometry_construct_triangle_normal.js` vs `core/geom/3d/triangle/tri3_compute_normal.js` — **not** a duplicate: it already delegates on line 30. It is the correct index-fetch adapter. (MinHash matched the shared index→address prologue, which is finding #1.)
+- `engine/graphics/geometry/buffered/geometry_compute_vertex_normals_indexed.js` vs `..._unindexed.js` — both delegate to `geometry_construct_triangle_normal`; the remaining difference (accumulate-then-normalize vs copy) is the actual semantic difference. Model of correct reuse.
+- `engine/graphics/texture/3d/scs3d_sample_linear.js` vs `scs3d_sample_linear3.js` — JUSTIFIED. The 3-channel version documents (lines 6-16) that it deliberately shares one index/weight computation across three grids for the fluid advection hot loop; the duplicated prologue *is* the optimisation.
+- `engine/graphics/render/forward_plus/model/Decal.js` vs `engine/graphics/ecs/decal/v2/Decal.js` — name collision only. One is an encoded GPU record extending `AbstractLight` (`toArray`, `getAABB`); the other is a serializable ECS component (`toJSON`/`hash`/`equals`). No shared code.
+- `MaterialTransformer` name collision (finding #4 covers the real duplication) — the classes are otherwise unrelated; renaming is a separate naming concern, not a reuse failure.
+- `engine/graphics/geometry/AttributeGroupSpec.js:211` `getByteSize` vs `core/process/task/TaskGroup.js:50` — both are "sum a field over an array"; unrelated domains, no shared abstraction worth naming.
+- `engine/graphics/geometry/AttributeGroupSpec.js:51` `getAttributeByName` vs `engine/graphics/particles/particular/group/ParticleSpecification.js:23` `getByName` — `ParticleSpecification` is already marked `@deprecated use AttributeGroupSpec` (line 3). Documented migration state, not a new finding.
+- `engine/graphics/geometry/AttributeSpec.js:157` `getByteSize` — already derives from the shared `core/binary/type/DataTypeByteSizes.js`; the particle-side `getTypeByteSize.js` / `itemSizeFromAttributeType.js` key off different enums (`ParticleDataTypes` / `ParticleAttributeType`) in different units (bytes vs items) and live outside this domain.
+- `engine/graphics/render/forward_plus/model/{PointLight,SpotLight,DirectionalLight}.js` `onX`/`offX` signal-pair mirrors — verbose typed code, exactly what the house rules prefer over a signal-list registry.
+- `engine/graphics/render/forward_plus/cluster/read_plane_pair.js` vs `core/geom/vec3/v3_copy_array.js` / `aabb3_array_size.js` — false positive; `read_plane_pair` negates the second plane, which is its whole reason to exist.
+- `engine/graphics/render/visibility/IncrementalDeltaSet.js:310` `pushOther` vs `engine/ecs/animation/AnimationOptimizer.js:123` — false positive (generic array append loop).
+- `engine/graphics/texture/atlas/TextureAtlas.js:98` `getPatch`, `engine/graphics/render/layers/RenderLayerManager.js:47` `hideAll` — false positives (linear scan / forEach).
+- `engine/graphics/render/forward_plus/query/query_bvh_frustum_from_texture.js` vs `core/bvh2/binary/2/bvh32_query_user_data_*.js` — shared stack-traversal *shape*, but the payload (frustum plane rejection against a texture-backed light record) is genuinely different. Not worth unifying.
+- `engine/graphics/render/forward_plus/materials/FPlusStandardMaterial.js` — 350 lines of uniform accessors mirroring three's `MeshStandardMaterial`. This is the vendor adapter boundary doing its job; typed verbosity is the house preference.
+- `prototype*.js` / `test*.js` browser harnesses (`prototypeNormalFrameBuffer.js`, `prototypeHiZ.js`, `ptototypeFPPlugin.js`, `testClippingPlaneComputation.js`, …) account for ~20 of the 32 MinHash pairs — they share a `makeConfig`/`init` harness boilerplate. Out of scope per instructions; one shared `makeHarnessConfig()` would cover them all if ever wanted.
+
+## Notes
+
+Three structural reasons duplication accumulates in this domain:
+
+1. **The three.js boundary is not actually a boundary.** There are ~208 `from 'three'` imports and no adapter layer: every call site that needs a texture or a render target independently re-picks `format` / `type` / `internalFormat` / `wrapS` / `minFilter`, and hand-writes the GL internal-format string even though `computeThreeTextureInternalFormatFromDataType` and `normalized_internal_format` exist two directories away. Findings #7, #8, #9, #15, #28 are all one root cause. The `engine/graphics/texture/` directory already contains a well-factored translation layer (`attribute_spec_to_three_format`, `channelCountToThree*`, `numericTypeFromBinaryDataType`, `formatToChannelCount`, `GL_RGBFormat`) — it is simply bypassed by most of the engine.
+
+2. **Shared primitives exist but are not discovered.** In four separate findings the extracted helper was already in the tree and unused by its obvious callers: `traverseMaterialTextures` (#3), `frustum3_planes_to_flat_from_three` (#6 — imported in the same file that also imports the duplicate), `array_quick_sort_by_comparator` (#5), `renderScreenSpace` / `renderTextureToScreenQuad` (#10, #21). Naming is the likely cause: `computeFrustumCorners` and `frustum_compute_corners`, `sampler2d_to_texture` and `sampler2d_to_float32_texture`, `FULL_SCREEN_QUAD_VERTEX_SHADER` and `ScreenSpaceQuadShader.vertexShader()` are pairwise indistinguishable from an import list.
+
+3. **Copies drift into defects.** Two findings are not hygiene items — the duplicate is already wrong. `engine/graphics/sh3/gi/material/MaterialTransformer.js:311` discards the result of `result.clone()` (mutating the caller's material) where its twin at `plugin/MaterialTransformer.js:107` assigns it; `engine/graphics/render/forward_plus/sort_decal_data.js:70,74` re-reads the pivot through a mutating array where both core quicksorts capture the pivot value first. That is the argument for consolidating: these bugs cannot exist in a single implementation.
+
+### GLSL duplication
+
+Token-based detection is blind here — every one of these lives inside a template literal or a `[...].join("\n")` array. Verbatim-repeated fragments found:
+
+- **Concentric-disk → cosine-hemisphere → branchless orthonormal basis** (~45 lines, 3 functions). `render/buffer/simple-fx/ao/SAOShader.js:173-219` ⟷ `shaders/AmbientOcclusionShader.js:174-219`. Should live in `engine/graphics/shaders/lib/` (finding #12).
+- **`getDepth` (DEPTH_PACKING-guarded) + `getViewZ` (PERSPECTIVE_CAMERA-guarded) + `r2_marty` + the Hilbert `texelFetch(tHilbert, ivec2(gl_FragCoord.xy) & 63, 0).x` idiom.** `SAOShader.js:86-100,169-171,252` ⟷ `SAOUpscaleShader.js:79-93,96-98,129`. Should live in a `SAO_GLSL_COMMON.js` next to them (finding #13).
+- **`float convert_depth_to_linear(in float d)`** — 16 lines, identical. `render/forward_plus/materials/FP_SHADER_CHUNK_DECODE_PARS.js:30-45` ⟷ `render/forward_plus/materials/FPlusDebugMaterial.js:63-78`. The chunk is the home; the debug material should include it (finding #14).
+- **Forward+ cluster addressing** (`textureSize(fp_t_light_tiles,0)` → `ivec3` position → `texelFetch(...).rgba`). `FP_SHADER_CHUNK_LOAD_METADATA.js:5-8` ⟷ `FPlusDebugMaterial.js:84-87` (with the x-flip applied at a different place). Same home (finding #14).
+- **Forward+ uniform declarations** (`fp_t_light_tiles`, `fp_f_camera_near/far`, `fp_resolution`, `fp_v3_light_cluster_resolution`). `FP_SHADER_CHUNK_PREAMBLE.js:8-31` ⟷ `FPlusDebugMaterial.js:29-45`. Same home (finding #14); the JS-side twin is finding #11.
+- **Full-screen quad vertex shader, NDC form.** `FULL_SCREEN_QUAD_VERTEX_SHADER.js:1-10` ⟷ `shaders/ScreenSpaceQuadShader.js:3-14` — identical GLSL, two shared homes (finding #20).
+- **Full-screen quad vertex shader, `projectionMatrix * modelViewMatrix` form** — the same 5 lines (`varying vec2 vUv; void main(){ vUv = uv; gl_Position = projectionMatrix * modelViewMatrix * vec4(position,1.0); }`) retyped in **seven** places: `postprocess/threejs/shaders/CopyShader.js:15-26`, `shaders/CopyShader.js:16-27`, `shaders/AlphaBlendShader.js:10-21`, `shaders/ClearShader.js:8-16` (vUv-less variant), `shaders/NormalMapShader2.js:40-51`, `render/buffer/simple-fx/ao/SAOShader.js:47-54`, `render/buffer/simple-fx/ao/SAOUpscaleShader.js:51-58`, `render/visibility/hiz/buildCanvasViewFromTexture.js:94-103`. Belongs beside `ScreenSpaceQuadShader` as a second named export (the two forms are not interchangeable — the NDC form ignores the quad's model matrix — so they must both exist, but each only once).
+- **Cloud-shadow chunks** — correctly centralised already in `shaders/lib/ShaderChunks.js:8-54`; only the JS uniform block is duplicated (finding #18). Included here as the counter-example of what the rest should look like.
+
+No duplicated octahedral encode/decode, normal/depth packing, tonemapping, sRGB conversion or IGN dithering was found *inside this domain* — those chunks are either single-sourced (`core/geom/3d/octahedra/**`), taken from three's `#include <packing>`, or live in `engine/graphics/impostors/**` and `engine/ecs/fow/**` which belong to other domains.