@origingame/create-game 0.0.0-stage → 0.1.0

package/archetypes/match3/src/systems.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,631 @@
+// The match3 systems, in tick order: Flow (title, rounds, the end cards),
+// Pick (taps and drags choose a swap), Resolve (swap, clear, fall, cascade,
+// refill, the end of a round), Voices (the sounds Pick and Resolve asked
+// for), Animate (what each row shows) and Hud.
+//
+// Each system sees the rows through its typed views. The board row
+// (Piece.kind === Kind.Board) carries the round's state and tuning for every
+// system (src/components.ts says why).
+//
+// Motion is tweens, not per-tick code: a swap, a clear and a fall each start
+// one tween group with a Tag, and the phase waits (Match.wait) for that
+// group's og.TweenCompleted. Tweens advance by scaled time, so a hit stop
+// holds the board too, and they are world state, so a replay lands on the
+// same bits.
+
+import { og, defineSystem } from "@origingame/engine";
+import type { ArchetypeView, Query, Rng, TweenDesc, View, World } from "@origingame/engine";
+import { IDLE_CYCLE, clearClip, idleClip } from "./art.ts";
+import { adjacent, cellOf, colOf, count, deal, findLines, hasMove, rowOf } from "./board.ts";
+import type { Grid } from "./board.ts";
+import { Hud, Kind, Match, Phase, Piece, Sfx, Sound, Sounds, Tag, Tuning } from "./components.ts";
+import { BOARD_TOP, GEM_SIZE, PITCH, SIZE, cellAt, cellCentre } from "./layout.ts";
+
+/** Ticks an end card holds before a press starts the next round. */
+const END_HOLD = 40;
+
+interface Row {
+  readonly a: ArchetypeView;
+  readonly i: number;
+}
+
+function boardRow(q: Query): Row | null {
+  for (const a of q.archetypes()) {
+    const kind = a.column(Piece).kind;
+    for (let i = 0; i < a.count; i++) if (kind[i] === Kind.Board) return { a, i };
+  }
+  return null;
+}
+
+/** Every tile row, in query order. */
+function tileRows(q: Query): Row[] {
+  const out: Row[] = [];
+  for (const a of q.archetypes()) {
+    const kind = a.column(Piece).kind;
+    for (let i = 0; i < a.count; i++) if (kind[i] === Kind.Tile) out.push({ a, i });
+  }
+  return out;
+}
+
+/** The colour grid and which tile row sits on each cell. */
+function gridOf(tiles: readonly Row[]): { grid: Grid; at: (Row | null)[] } {
+  const grid = new Int32Array(SIZE * SIZE).fill(-1);
+  const at: (Row | null)[] = new Array(SIZE * SIZE).fill(null);
+  for (const t of tiles) {
+    const p = t.a.column(Piece);
+    const cell = cellOf(p.col[t.i]!, p.row[t.i]!);
+    grid[cell] = p.colour[t.i]!;
+    at[cell] = t;
+  }
+  return { grid, at };
+}
+
+function anyPress(i: { pressed(k: string): boolean; buttonPressed(b: "left"): boolean }): boolean {
+  return i.buttonPressed("left") || i.pressed("Space") || i.pressed("Enter");
+}
+
+/** A new round: the moves refilled, a fresh deal from the dice placed on the tiles, popping in from the top. */
+function newRound(q: Query, board: Row, rng: Rng, world: World): void {
+  const m = board.a.column(Match);
+  const tune = board.a.column(Tuning);
+  const b = board.i;
+  m.phase[b] = Phase.Idle;
+  m.phaseTicks[b] = 0;
+  m.score[b] = 0;
+  m.movesLeft[b] = tune.moves[b]!;
+  m.chain[b] = 0;
+  m.maxChain[b] = 0;
+  m.cleared[b] = 0;
+  m.lastCleared[b] = 0;
+  m.shuffles[b] = 0;
+  m.rounds[b] = m.rounds[b]! + 1;
+  m.selected[b] = -1;
+  m.dragFrom[b] = -1;
+  m.swapA[b] = -1;
+  m.swapB[b] = -1;
+  const grid = deal(rng, tune.colours[b]!);
+  tileRows(q).forEach((t, k) => {
+    const p = t.a.column(Piece);
+    p.col[t.i] = colOf(k);
+    p.row[t.i] = rowOf(k);
+    p.colour[t.i] = grid[k]!;
+    p.marked[t.i] = 0;
+    const c = cellCentre(colOf(k), rowOf(k));
+    const tr = t.a.column(og.Transform);
+    tr.position[t.i * 3] = c.x;
+    tr.position[t.i * 3 + 1] = c.y;
+    tr.scale[t.i * 3] = 0;
+    tr.scale[t.i * 3 + 1] = 0;
+    const entity = t.a.entity(t.i);
+    og.tween.cancelEntity(world, entity);
+    og.tween.to(world, {
+      entity,
+      field: "scale",
+      to: [1, 1, 1],
+      duration: 0.28,
+      delay: (SIZE - 1 - rowOf(k)) * 0.035 + colOf(k) * 0.02,
+      ease: "backOut",
+      tag: Tag.Deal,
+    });
+  });
+}
+
+/** The title and the end cards: a press (after the card's hold) deals a new round. */
+export const Flow = defineSystem(
+  "Flow",
+  { reads: [og.Input, Tuning], writes: [og.Rng, Match, Piece, og.Transform, Sounds] },
+  (q, _time, world) => {
+    const board = boardRow(q);
+    const input = world.resource(og.Input);
+    const rng = world.resource(og.Rng);
+    const sounds = world.resource(Sounds);
+    if (board === null || !input.ok || !rng.ok) return;
+    const m = board.a.column(Match);
+    const b = board.i;
+    m.phaseTicks[b] = m.phaseTicks[b]! + 1;
+    const phase = m.phase[b];
+    const waiting = phase === Phase.Title || ((phase === Phase.Won || phase === Phase.Lost) && m.phaseTicks[b]! >= END_HOLD);
+    if (waiting && anyPress(input.value)) {
+      newRound(q, board, rng.value, world);
+      // The press that deals is answered by a sound too (og-taste §6).
+      if (sounds.ok) sounds.value.sfx |= Sound.Select;
+    }
+  },
+);
+
+/** Begin a swap of two neighbouring cells (Resolve moves the tiles). */
+function startSwap(m: View<typeof Match>, b: number, a: number, c: number): void {
+  m.swapA[b] = a;
+  m.swapB[b] = c;
+  m.selected[b] = -1;
+  m.dragFrom[b] = -1;
+  m.phase[b] = Phase.Swap;
+  m.phaseTicks[b] = 0;
+}
+
+/** Taps and drags: tap a tile, then a neighbour; or press a tile and drag towards a neighbour. */
+export const Pick = defineSystem(
+  "Pick",
+  { reads: [og.Input, Piece], writes: [Match, Sounds], after: ["Flow"] },
+  (q, _time, world) => {
+    const board = boardRow(q);
+    const input = world.resource(og.Input);
+    if (board === null || !input.ok) return;
+    const m = board.a.column(Match);
+    const b = board.i;
+    const i = input.value;
+    // Where the world lands on the play surface this tick: the orthographic view is
+    // viewHeight metres tall over the play surface, measured like the pointer in CSS
+    // pixels (og.ui.viewport), so a phone's device pixel ratio does not move the taps.
+    const vp = og.ui.viewport(world);
+    if (vp.width > 0 && vp.height > 0) {
+      m.pxPerM[b] = vp.height / m.viewHeight[b]!;
+      m.screenX0[b] = vp.width / 2;
+      m.screenY0[b] = vp.height / 2 + m.viewCentreY[b]! * m.pxPerM[b]!;
+    }
+    if (i.buttonReleased("left")) m.dragFrom[b] = -1;
+    // The press that dealt the round does not also select.
+    if (m.phase[b] !== Phase.Idle || m.phaseTicks[b] === 0) return;
+    // A swap asked for by the `swap` command.
+    if (m.swapA[b]! >= 0 && adjacent(m.swapA[b]!, m.swapB[b]!)) return startSwap(m, b, m.swapA[b]!, m.swapB[b]!);
+    const wx = (i.pointer.x - m.screenX0[b]!) / m.pxPerM[b]!;
+    const wy = (m.screenY0[b]! - i.pointer.y) / m.pxPerM[b]!;
+    const cell = cellAt(wx, wy);
+    if (i.buttonPressed("left")) {
+      const sel = m.selected[b]!;
+      if (cell < 0) {
+        m.selected[b] = -1;
+      } else if (sel >= 0 && adjacent(sel, cell)) {
+        startSwap(m, b, sel, cell);
+      } else {
+        m.selected[b] = sel === cell ? -1 : cell;
+        if (sel !== cell) ask(world, Sound.Select);
+        m.dragFrom[b] = cell;
+        m.pressX[b] = wx;
+        m.pressY[b] = wy;
+      }
+      return;
+    }
+    const from = m.dragFrom[b]!;
+    if (from < 0 || !i.buttonDown("left")) return;
+    const dx = wx - m.pressX[b]!;
+    const dy = wy - m.pressY[b]!;
+    if (Math.max(Math.abs(dx), Math.abs(dy)) < PITCH * 0.45) return;
+    const dc = Math.abs(dx) >= Math.abs(dy) ? Math.sign(dx) : 0;
+    const dr = Math.abs(dx) >= Math.abs(dy) ? 0 : Math.sign(dy);
+    const col = colOf(from) + dc;
+    const row = rowOf(from) + dr;
+    m.dragFrom[b] = -1;
+    if (col < 0 || col >= SIZE || row < 0 || row >= SIZE) return;
+    startSwap(m, b, from, cellOf(col, row));
+  },
+);
+
+/** Start one tween group the phase waits for; with nothing to move, nothing to wait for. */
+function waitFor(world: World, m: View<typeof Match>, b: number, tweens: readonly TweenDesc[], tag: number): void {
+  m.wait[b] = 0;
+  if (tweens.length === 0) return;
+  const r = og.tween.parallel(world, tweens, { tag });
+  if (!r.ok) throw new Error(`tween group ${tag}: ${r.reason}`);
+  m.wait[b] = tag;
+}
+
+/** The colour grid with cells a and b exchanged. */
+function swapped(grid: Grid, a: number, b: number): Grid {
+  const g = grid.slice();
+  g[a] = grid[b]!;
+  g[b] = grid[a]!;
+  return g;
+}
+
+/** Exchange the cells of the tiles on cells a and b. */
+function exchange(at: (Row | null)[], a: number, b: number): void {
+  const ta = at[a];
+  const tb = at[b];
+  if (!ta || !tb) return;
+  const pa = ta.a.column(Piece);
+  const pb = tb.a.column(Piece);
+  pa.col[ta.i] = colOf(b);
+  pa.row[ta.i] = rowOf(b);
+  pb.col[tb.i] = colOf(a);
+  pb.row[tb.i] = rowOf(a);
+}
+
+/** Mark the tiles on the lines; returns how many. */
+function mark(tiles: readonly Row[]): number {
+  const { grid, at } = gridOf(tiles);
+  const lines = findLines(grid);
+  lines.forEach((on, cell) => {
+    const t = at[cell];
+    if (on && t) t.a.column(Piece).marked[t.i] = 1;
+  });
+  return count(lines);
+}
+
+/** The marked cells in groups: touching cells of one colour (an L or a T is one group). */
+function groupsOf(tiles: readonly Row[]): number[][] {
+  const { grid, at } = gridOf(tiles);
+  const marked = (cell: number) => {
+    const t = at[cell];
+    return t !== null && t !== undefined && t.a.column(Piece).marked[t.i] === 1;
+  };
+  const seen = new Uint8Array(SIZE * SIZE);
+  const out: number[][] = [];
+  for (let start = 0; start < SIZE * SIZE; start++) {
+    if (seen[start] || !marked(start)) continue;
+    const group: number[] = [];
+    const stack = [start];
+    seen[start] = 1;
+    while (stack.length > 0) {
+      const cell = stack.pop()!;
+      group.push(cell);
+      const c = colOf(cell);
+      const r = rowOf(cell);
+      for (const [dc, dr] of [[1, 0], [-1, 0], [0, 1], [0, -1]] as const) {
+        const nc = c + dc;
+        const nr = r + dr;
+        if (nc < 0 || nc >= SIZE || nr < 0 || nr >= SIZE) continue;
+        const n = cellOf(nc, nr);
+        if (!seen[n] && marked(n) && grid[n] === grid[cell]) {
+          seen[n] = 1;
+          stack.push(n);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    out.push(group.sort((x, y) => x - y));
+  }
+  return out;
+}
+
+/** The floating score's colour per gem (linear): the gem's own light. */
+const GEM_LIGHT = [
+  { r: 1, g: 0.32, b: 0.38 },
+  { r: 0.42, g: 0.68, b: 1 },
+  { r: 0.4, g: 1, b: 0.55 },
+  { r: 1, g: 0.82, b: 0.25 },
+  { r: 0.78, g: 0.5, b: 1 },
+  { r: 1, g: 0.55, b: 0.3 },
+];
+const GOLD_LIN = { r: 1, g: 0.62, b: 0.08 };
+
+/**
+ * The lines just marked start clearing: each group's score floats up (a crit
+ * on a cascade), the gems flash, play their burst and squash away; four or
+ * more punch the camera in, a cascade shakes it, a third cascade stops time
+ * for a beat.
+ */
+function startClear(world: World, tiles: readonly Row[], m: View<typeof Match>, tune: View<typeof Tuning>, b: number): void {
+  const chain = m.chain[b]!;
+  const font = m.font[b] as never;
+  const { grid } = gridOf(tiles);
+  let biggest = 0;
+  for (const group of groupsOf(tiles)) {
+    biggest = Math.max(biggest, group.length);
+    let x = 0;
+    let y = 0;
+    for (const cell of group) {
+      const c = cellCentre(colOf(cell), rowOf(cell));
+      x += c.x / group.length;
+      y += c.y / group.length;
+    }
+    og.render.floatingText(world, {
+      font,
+      text: `+${group.length * tune.tileScore[b]! * chain}`,
+      position: { x, y: y + 0.1, z: 5 },
+      size: 0.6,
+      color: chain >= 2 ? GOLD_LIN : (GEM_LIGHT[grid[group[0]!]!] ?? GOLD_LIN),
+      crit: chain >= 2,
+      rise: 1.1,
+      spread: 0.15,
+      lifetime: 0.9,
+    });
+  }
+  if (biggest >= 4) og.camera.punch(world, Math.min(0.12, 0.05 + 0.02 * (biggest - 4)));
+  if (chain >= 2) og.camera.shake(world, Math.min(0.6, 0.16 * chain));
+  if (chain >= 3) og.time.hitStop(world, 3);
+  ask(world, chain >= 2 ? Sound.Cascade : Sound.Clear);
+  const seconds = Math.max(1, tune.clearTicks[b]!) / 60;
+  const tweens: TweenDesc[] = [];
+  for (const t of tiles) {
+    if (!t.a.column(Piece).marked[t.i]) continue;
+    const entity = t.a.entity(t.i);
+    og.tween.flash(world, { entity, amount: 0.85, duration: 0.12 });
+    tweens.push({ entity, field: "scale", to: [0, 0, 1], duration: seconds, ease: "backIn" });
+    tweens.push({ entity, component: og.Sprite, field: "opacity", to: [0], duration: seconds, ease: "quartIn" });
+  }
+  waitFor(world, m, b, tweens, Tag.Clear);
+}
+
+/** bounceOut first touches the ground this far into its duration. */
+const BOUNCE_CONTACT = 1 / 2.75;
+
+/**
+ * Cleared tiles leave their columns: the rest fall, and the cleared ones come
+ * back above the board with new colours and drop in. Each column starts a
+ * little after the one to its left; every gem squashes as it lands.
+ */
+function collapse(world: World, tiles: readonly Row[], rng: Rng, colours: number, fallSpeed: number): TweenDesc[] {
+  const tweens: TweenDesc[] = [];
+  for (let c = 0; c < SIZE; c++) {
+    const column = tiles
+      .filter((t) => t.a.column(Piece).col[t.i] === c)
+      .sort((x, y) => x.a.column(Piece).row[x.i]! - y.a.column(Piece).row[y.i]!);
+    const kept = column.filter((t) => !t.a.column(Piece).marked[t.i]);
+    const gone = column.filter((t) => t.a.column(Piece).marked[t.i]);
+    kept.forEach((t, r) => (t.a.column(Piece).row[t.i] = r));
+    gone.forEach((t, k) => {
+      const p = t.a.column(Piece);
+      p.row[t.i] = kept.length + k;
+      p.marked[t.i] = 0;
+      p.colour[t.i] = rng.integer(0, colours - 1);
+      const tr = t.a.column(og.Transform);
+      tr.position[t.i * 3 + 1] = cellCentre(c, SIZE + k).y;
+      tr.scale[t.i * 3] = 1;
+      tr.scale[t.i * 3 + 1] = 1;
+    });
+    let order = 0;
+    for (const t of column) {
+      const p = t.a.column(Piece);
+      const goal = cellCentre(c, p.row[t.i]!).y;
+      const from = t.a.column(og.Transform).position[t.i * 3 + 1]!;
+      const drop = from - goal;
+      if (drop <= 1e-4) continue;
+      const entity = t.a.entity(t.i);
+      const delay = c * 0.025 + order * 0.03;
+      const duration = 0.12 + drop / Math.max(0.1, fallSpeed * PITCH);
+      order += 1;
+      tweens.push({ entity, field: "position.y", to: [goal], duration, delay, ease: "bounceOut" });
+      og.tween.to(world, { entity, field: "scale", from: [1.16, 0.84, 1], to: [1, 1, 1], duration: 0.2, delay: delay + duration * BOUNCE_CONTACT, ease: "backOut" });
+    }
+  }
+  return tweens;
+}
+
+/** Ask for a sound this tick (Voices plays it). */
+function ask(world: World, bit: number): void {
+  const sounds = world.resource(Sounds);
+  if (sounds.ok) sounds.value.sfx |= bit;
+}
+
+/** Swap, clear, fall and cascade; then the end of the round or the next move. */
+export const Resolve = defineSystem(
+  "Resolve",
+  { reads: [Tuning, og.TweenCompleted], writes: [og.Rng, Match, Piece, og.Transform, Sounds], after: ["Pick"] },
+  (q, _time, world) => {
+    const board = boardRow(q);
+    const rng = world.resource(og.Rng);
+    if (board === null || !rng.ok) return;
+    const m = board.a.column(Match);
+    const tune = board.a.column(Tuning);
+    const b = board.i;
+    for (const done of world.events(og.TweenCompleted)) if (done.tag === m.wait[b]) m.wait[b] = 0;
+    const phase = m.phase[b];
+    if (phase !== Phase.Swap && phase !== Phase.SwapBack && phase !== Phase.Clear && phase !== Phase.Fall) return;
+    const tiles = tileRows(q);
+    const enter = (next: number) => {
+      m.phase[b] = next;
+      m.phaseTicks[b] = 0;
+      if (next === Phase.Idle) {
+        m.swapA[b] = -1;
+        m.swapB[b] = -1;
+      }
+    };
+    if (phase === Phase.Swap && m.phaseTicks[b] === 0) {
+      // Pick chose the pair this tick: slide them past each other, or there and back when no line comes of it.
+      const { grid, at } = gridOf(tiles);
+      const a = m.swapA[b]!;
+      const c = m.swapB[b]!;
+      const ta = at[a];
+      const tc = at[c];
+      if (!ta || !tc) return enter(Phase.Idle);
+      const seconds = Math.max(1, tune.swapTicks[b]!) / 60;
+      const to = (cell: number) => {
+        const p = cellCentre(colOf(cell), rowOf(cell));
+        return [p.x, p.y, 0];
+      };
+      const refused = count(findLines(swapped(grid, a, c))) === 0;
+      const slide = (t: Row, cell: number): TweenDesc => ({
+        entity: t.a.entity(t.i),
+        field: "position",
+        to: to(cell),
+        duration: seconds,
+        ease: "cubicInOut",
+        ...(refused ? { loops: 1, yoyo: true } : {}),
+      });
+      ask(world, refused ? Sound.Refused : Sound.Swap);
+      if (refused) {
+        // A swap that makes no line goes there and back (one yoyo) and costs nothing.
+        waitFor(world, m, b, [slide(ta, c), slide(tc, a)], Tag.SwapBack);
+        return enter(Phase.SwapBack);
+      }
+      exchange(at, a, c);
+      waitFor(world, m, b, [slide(ta, c), slide(tc, a)], Tag.Swap);
+      return;
+    }
+    if (m.wait[b] !== Tag.None) return;
+    if (phase === Phase.SwapBack) return enter(Phase.Idle);
+    if (phase === Phase.Swap) {
+      for (const t of tiles) {
+        const p = t.a.column(Piece);
+        const cell = cellOf(p.col[t.i]!, p.row[t.i]!);
+        if (cell === m.swapA[b] || cell === m.swapB[b]) og.tween.squash(world, { entity: t.a.entity(t.i), impact: { x: 1.12, y: 0.9 }, duration: 0.14 });
+      }
+      mark(tiles);
+      m.movesLeft[b] = Math.max(0, m.movesLeft[b]! - 1);
+      m.chain[b] = 1;
+      m.maxChain[b] = Math.max(m.maxChain[b]!, 1);
+      enter(Phase.Clear);
+      return startClear(world, tiles, m, tune, b);
+    }
+    if (phase === Phase.Clear) {
+      let n = 0;
+      for (const t of tiles) n += t.a.column(Piece).marked[t.i]!;
+      m.score[b] = m.score[b]! + n * tune.tileScore[b]! * m.chain[b]!;
+      m.cleared[b] = m.cleared[b]! + n;
+      m.lastCleared[b] = n;
+      waitFor(world, m, b, collapse(world, tiles, rng.value, tune.colours[b]!, tune.fallSpeed[b]!), Tag.Fall);
+      return enter(Phase.Fall);
+    }
+    // Fall: every gem has landed.
+    if (mark(tiles) > 0) {
+      m.chain[b] = m.chain[b]! + 1;
+      m.maxChain[b] = Math.max(m.maxChain[b]!, m.chain[b]!);
+      enter(Phase.Clear);
+      return startClear(world, tiles, m, tune, b);
+    }
+    m.chain[b] = 0;
+    if (m.score[b]! >= tune.target[b]! || m.movesLeft[b] === 0) {
+      m.best[b] = Math.max(m.best[b]!, m.score[b]!);
+      const won = m.score[b]! >= tune.target[b]!;
+      ask(world, won ? Sound.Won : Sound.Lost);
+      return enter(won ? Phase.Won : Phase.Lost);
+    }
+    if (!hasMove(gridOf(tiles).grid)) {
+      // No swap makes a line: deal the colours again where the gems stand, with a jolt.
+      const grid = deal(rng.value, tune.colours[b]!);
+      for (const t of tiles) {
+        const p = t.a.column(Piece);
+        p.colour[t.i] = grid[cellOf(p.col[t.i]!, p.row[t.i]!)]!;
+        og.tween.squash(world, { entity: t.a.entity(t.i), impact: { x: 0.7, y: 1.3 }, duration: 0.3 });
+      }
+      m.shuffles[b] = m.shuffles[b]! + 1;
+    }
+    enter(Phase.Idle);
+  },
+);
+
+/** Opacity of a gem by height: it fades in over the top half cell as it drops onto the board. */
+function entering(y: number): number {
+  return Math.min(1, Math.max(0, (BOARD_TOP - y) / (0.5 * PITCH)));
+}
+
+/** Plays each requested sound once: a voice already playing is stopped this tick and restarted the next. */
+export const Voices = defineSystem("Voices", { writes: [Sfx, Sounds, og.AudioSource], after: ["Resolve"] }, (q, _time, world) => {
+  const sounds = world.resource(Sounds);
+  if (!sounds.ok || sounds.value.sfx === 0) return;
+  const s = sounds.value;
+  let left = s.sfx;
+  for (const a of q.archetypes()) {
+    const sfx = a.column(Sfx);
+    const src = a.column(og.AudioSource);
+    for (let i = 0; i < a.count; i++) {
+      const b = sfx.bit[i]!;
+      if ((s.sfx & b) === 0) continue;
+      if (src.playing[i]) {
+        src.playing[i] = 0;
+      } else {
+        src.playing[i] = 1;
+        sfx.plays[i] = sfx.plays[i]! + 1;
+        left &= ~b;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  s.sfx = left;
+});
+
+/**
+ * What each row shows: each gem's clip (its colour's idle loop, or the burst
+ * while it clears), visibility and fade-in, the selected gem's pulse, the
+ * selection frame's cell. Tweens write after the game's systems, so a running
+ * tween of a field wins over what this writes.
+ */
+export const Animate = defineSystem(
+  "Animate",
+  { reads: [Match, Piece, Tuning], writes: [og.Sprite, og.Flipbook, og.Transform], after: ["Resolve"] },
+  (q, time) => {
+    const board = boardRow(q);
+    if (board === null) return;
+    const m = board.a.column(Match);
+    const b = board.i;
+    const phase = m.phase[b];
+    const sel = phase === Phase.Idle ? m.selected[b]! : -1;
+    const ended = phase === Phase.Won || phase === Phase.Lost;
+    // A triangle wave from the tick: deterministic on every host.
+    const pulse = 1.02 + 0.06 * Math.abs(((time.tick % 30) / 30) * 2 - 1);
+    for (const a of q.archetypes()) {
+      const piece = a.column(Piece);
+      const sprite = a.column(og.Sprite);
+      const book = a.column(og.Flipbook);
+      const t = a.column(og.Transform);
+      for (let i = 0; i < a.count; i++) {
+        const kind = piece.kind[i];
+        if (kind === Kind.Tile) {
+          const colour = piece.colour[i]!;
+          const cell = cellOf(piece.col[i]!, piece.row[i]!);
+          // Hidden on the title; dimmed under the end cards.
+          sprite.visible[i] = colour >= 0 && phase !== Phase.Title ? 1 : 0;
+          if (!piece.marked[i]) sprite.opacity[i] = (ended ? 0.05 : 1) * entering(t.position[i * 3 + 1]!);
+          const size = GEM_SIZE * PITCH * (cell === sel ? pulse : 1);
+          sprite.width[i] = size;
+          sprite.height[i] = size;
+          if (colour >= 0) {
+            const clip = piece.marked[i] && phase === Phase.Clear ? clearClip(colour) : idleClip(colour);
+            if (book.clip[i] !== clip) {
+              book.clip[i] = clip;
+              // Each gem's glint at its own moment: seek the idle loop by the cell.
+              if (clip === idleClip(colour)) book.time[i] = (cell * 0.37) % IDLE_CYCLE;
+            }
+          }
+        } else if (kind === Kind.Cursor) {
+          sprite.visible[i] = sel >= 0 ? 1 : 0;
+          if (sel >= 0) {
+            const c = cellCentre(colOf(sel), rowOf(sel));
+            t.position[i * 3] = c.x;
+            t.position[i * 3 + 1] = c.y;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  },
+);
+
+const WHITE = { r: 1, g: 1, b: 1 };
+/** The brand ink #14161b, linear: the text's outline. */
+const INK_LIN = { r: 0.007, g: 0.008, b: 0.0103 };
+const GOLD = { r: 1, g: 0.66, b: 0.05 };
+const MINT = { r: 0.3, g: 0.85, b: 0.75 };
+const CORAL = { r: 1, g: 0.25, b: 0.18 };
+const MUTED = { r: 0.55, g: 0.6, b: 0.75 };
+
+/** The HUD: score, moves and target; the title, won and lost cards. */
+export const HudText = defineSystem("Hud", { reads: [Match, Hud, Tuning], after: ["Animate"] }, (q, _time, world) => {
+  for (const a of q.archetypes()) {
+    const m = a.column(Match);
+    const hud = a.column(Hud);
+    const tune = a.column(Tuning);
+    for (let i = 0; i < a.count; i++) {
+      const font = hud.font[i] as never;
+      const top = hud.top[i]!;
+      const text = (s: string, x: number, y: number, size: number, color = WHITE, align: "start" | "center" | "end" = "start") =>
+        og.render.text(world, { font, text: s, position: { x, y, z: 10 }, size, color, layer: 10, align, outline: 0.5, outlineColor: INK_LIN });
+      const centred = (s: string, y: number, size: number, color = WHITE) => text(s, 0, y, size, color, "center");
+      const phase = m.phase[i];
+      if (phase === Phase.Title) {
+        centred("TILE SWAP", top - 1.5, 1.1, GOLD);
+        centred("三消", top - 2.4, 0.6, WHITE);
+        if (Math.floor(m.phaseTicks[i]! / 30) % 2 === 0) centred("Tap to start · 点击开始游戏", BOARD_TOP - 3.2, 0.42, MINT);
+        centred(`Reach ${tune.target[i]} in ${tune.moves[i]} moves`, BOARD_TOP - 4.1, 0.38, MUTED);
+        // Two lines: on a portrait phone the view is narrower than the pair.
+        centred("Tap two neighbours, or drag", BOARD_TOP - 4.5, 0.34, MUTED);
+        centred("点击或拖动交换相邻方块", BOARD_TOP - 5.05, 0.34, MUTED);
+        continue;
+      }
+      const half = 3.5 * PITCH;
+      text(`SCORE ${m.score[i]}`, -half, top - 1, 0.5);
+      const moves = `MOVES ${m.movesLeft[i]}`;
+      text(moves, half, top - 1, 0.5, m.movesLeft[i]! <= 3 ? CORAL : MINT, "end");
+      const target = `TARGET ${tune.target[i]}`;
+      text(target, -half, top - 1.7, 0.36, MUTED);
+      const best = `BEST ${m.best[i]}`;
+      text(best, half, top - 1.7, 0.36, MUTED, "end");
+      if (m.chain[i]! >= 2) centred(`CASCADE x${m.chain[i]}`, BOARD_TOP + 0.6, 0.45, GOLD);
+      if (phase === Phase.Won || phase === Phase.Lost) {
+        const won = phase === Phase.Won;
+        centred(won ? "YOU WIN" : "OUT OF MOVES", BOARD_TOP - 2.6, 1, won ? GOLD : CORAL);
+        centred(won ? "胜利" : "失败", BOARD_TOP - 3.5, 0.6, WHITE);
+        centred(`Score ${m.score[i]}   Best ${m.best[i]}`, BOARD_TOP - 4.3, 0.5, WHITE);
+        if (m.phaseTicks[i]! >= END_HOLD) centred("Tap to play again · 再来一次", BOARD_TOP - 5.1, 0.4, MINT);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+});

package/archetypes/match3/tests/drag.og.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+// Swapping by a drag: press on (2,1), move half a cell down while held,
+// release. The same line as the tap-tap swap clears.
+import { playtest } from "@origingame/engine/playtest";
+import { CASCADE_BOARD, PHASE, checkMapping, matchOf, px, tap } from "./lib.ts";
+
+export default playtest({
+  name: "a drag onto a neighbour swaps like two taps",
+  commands: [
+    tap(0.5),
+    `0.8:deal:${CASCADE_BOARD}`,
+    `1.0:touch_move:${px(2, 1)}`,
+    "1.0:touch_start",
+    `1.05:touch_move:${px(2, 1, 0, -0.3)}`,
+    "1.1:dump_entity:board:short.json",
+    `1.15:touch_move:${px(2, 1, 0, -0.6)}`,
+    "1.25:dump_entity:board:dragged.json",
+    "1.3:touch_end",
+    "3.0:dump_entity:board:settled.json",
+    "3.1:quit",
+  ].join(";"),
+  check(run, t) {
+    t.equal(run.warnings.join("; "), "", "the script ran without warnings");
+    const short = matchOf(run, "short.json");
+    checkMapping(short, t);
+    t.equal(short.phase, PHASE.idle, "a drag shorter than half a cell does not swap yet");
+    t.equal(matchOf(run, "dragged.json").phase, PHASE.swap, "dragging past half a cell swaps");
+    const settled = matchOf(run, "settled.json");
+    t.equal(settled.movesLeft, 19, "the drag spent one move");
+    t.ok(settled.cleared >= 3 && settled.score >= 30, `the line cleared (${settled.cleared} tiles, score ${settled.score})`);
+  },
+});