wasmtime 19.0.2 → 20.0.0

data/ext/cargo-vendor/cranelift-codegen-0.107.2/src/isa/x64/inst/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,2798 @@
+//! This module defines x86_64-specific machine instruction types.
+
+pub use emit_state::EmitState;
+
+use crate::binemit::{Addend, CodeOffset, Reloc, StackMap};
+use crate::ir::{types, ExternalName, LibCall, Opcode, TrapCode, Type};
+use crate::isa::x64::abi::X64ABIMachineSpec;
+use crate::isa::x64::inst::regs::{pretty_print_reg, show_ireg_sized};
+use crate::isa::x64::settings as x64_settings;
+use crate::isa::{CallConv, FunctionAlignment};
+use crate::{machinst::*, trace};
+use crate::{settings, CodegenError, CodegenResult};
+use alloc::boxed::Box;
+use regalloc2::{Allocation, PRegSet, VReg};
+use smallvec::{smallvec, SmallVec};
+use std::fmt::{self, Write};
+use std::string::{String, ToString};
+
+pub mod args;
+mod emit;
+mod emit_state;
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod emit_tests;
+pub mod regs;
+pub mod unwind;
+
+use args::*;
+
+//=============================================================================
+// Instructions (top level): definition
+
+// `Inst` is defined inside ISLE as `MInst`. We publicly re-export it here.
+pub use super::lower::isle::generated_code::MInst as Inst;
+
+/// Out-of-line data for calls, to keep the size of `Inst` down.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct CallInfo {
+    /// Register uses of this call.
+    pub uses: CallArgList,
+    /// Register defs of this call.
+    pub defs: CallRetList,
+    /// Registers clobbered by this call, as per its calling convention.
+    pub clobbers: PRegSet,
+    /// The number of bytes that the callee will pop from the stack for the
+    /// caller, if any. (Used for popping stack arguments with the `tail`
+    /// calling convention.)
+    pub callee_pop_size: u32,
+    /// The calling convention of the callee.
+    pub callee_conv: CallConv,
+}
+
+/// Out-of-line data for return-calls, to keep the size of `Inst` down.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct ReturnCallInfo {
+    /// The in-register arguments and their constraints.
+    pub uses: CallArgList,
+}
+
+#[test]
+#[cfg(target_pointer_width = "64")]
+fn inst_size_test() {
+    // This test will help with unintentionally growing the size
+    // of the Inst enum.
+    assert_eq!(40, std::mem::size_of::<Inst>());
+}
+
+pub(crate) fn low32_will_sign_extend_to_64(x: u64) -> bool {
+    let xs = x as i64;
+    xs == ((xs << 32) >> 32)
+}
+
+impl Inst {
+    /// Retrieve a list of ISA feature sets in which the instruction is available. An empty list
+    /// indicates that the instruction is available in the baseline feature set (i.e. SSE2 and
+    /// below); more than one `InstructionSet` in the list indicates that the instruction is present
+    /// *any* of the included ISA feature sets.
+    fn available_in_any_isa(&self) -> SmallVec<[InstructionSet; 2]> {
+        match self {
+            // These instructions are part of SSE2, which is a basic requirement in Cranelift, and
+            // don't have to be checked.
+            Inst::AluRmiR { .. }
+            | Inst::AluRM { .. }
+            | Inst::AtomicRmwSeq { .. }
+            | Inst::Bswap { .. }
+            | Inst::CallKnown { .. }
+            | Inst::CallUnknown { .. }
+            | Inst::ReturnCallKnown { .. }
+            | Inst::ReturnCallUnknown { .. }
+            | Inst::CheckedSRemSeq { .. }
+            | Inst::CheckedSRemSeq8 { .. }
+            | Inst::Cmove { .. }
+            | Inst::CmpRmiR { .. }
+            | Inst::CvtFloatToSintSeq { .. }
+            | Inst::CvtFloatToUintSeq { .. }
+            | Inst::CvtUint64ToFloatSeq { .. }
+            | Inst::Div { .. }
+            | Inst::Div8 { .. }
+            | Inst::Fence { .. }
+            | Inst::Hlt
+            | Inst::Imm { .. }
+            | Inst::JmpCond { .. }
+            | Inst::JmpIf { .. }
+            | Inst::JmpKnown { .. }
+            | Inst::JmpTableSeq { .. }
+            | Inst::JmpUnknown { .. }
+            | Inst::LoadEffectiveAddress { .. }
+            | Inst::LoadExtName { .. }
+            | Inst::LockCmpxchg { .. }
+            | Inst::Mov64MR { .. }
+            | Inst::MovImmM { .. }
+            | Inst::MovRM { .. }
+            | Inst::MovRR { .. }
+            | Inst::MovFromPReg { .. }
+            | Inst::MovToPReg { .. }
+            | Inst::MovsxRmR { .. }
+            | Inst::MovzxRmR { .. }
+            | Inst::Mul { .. }
+            | Inst::Mul8 { .. }
+            | Inst::IMul { .. }
+            | Inst::IMulImm { .. }
+            | Inst::Neg { .. }
+            | Inst::Not { .. }
+            | Inst::Nop { .. }
+            | Inst::Pop64 { .. }
+            | Inst::Push64 { .. }
+            | Inst::StackProbeLoop { .. }
+            | Inst::GrowArgumentArea { .. }
+            | Inst::ShrinkArgumentArea { .. }
+            | Inst::Args { .. }
+            | Inst::Rets { .. }
+            | Inst::Ret { .. }
+            | Inst::Setcc { .. }
+            | Inst::ShiftR { .. }
+            | Inst::SignExtendData { .. }
+            | Inst::TrapIf { .. }
+            | Inst::TrapIfAnd { .. }
+            | Inst::TrapIfOr { .. }
+            | Inst::Ud2 { .. }
+            | Inst::VirtualSPOffsetAdj { .. }
+            | Inst::XmmCmove { .. }
+            | Inst::XmmCmpRmR { .. }
+            | Inst::XmmMinMaxSeq { .. }
+            | Inst::XmmUninitializedValue { .. }
+            | Inst::ElfTlsGetAddr { .. }
+            | Inst::MachOTlsGetAddr { .. }
+            | Inst::CoffTlsGetAddr { .. }
+            | Inst::Unwind { .. }
+            | Inst::DummyUse { .. }
+            | Inst::AluConstOp { .. } => smallvec![],
+
+            Inst::AluRmRVex { op, .. } => op.available_from(),
+            Inst::UnaryRmR { op, .. } => op.available_from(),
+            Inst::UnaryRmRVex { op, .. } => op.available_from(),
+            Inst::UnaryRmRImmVex { op, .. } => op.available_from(),
+
+            // These use dynamic SSE opcodes.
+            Inst::GprToXmm { op, .. }
+            | Inst::XmmMovRM { op, .. }
+            | Inst::XmmMovRMImm { op, .. }
+            | Inst::XmmRmiReg { opcode: op, .. }
+            | Inst::XmmRmR { op, .. }
+            | Inst::XmmRmRUnaligned { op, .. }
+            | Inst::XmmRmRBlend { op, .. }
+            | Inst::XmmRmRImm { op, .. }
+            | Inst::XmmToGpr { op, .. }
+            | Inst::XmmToGprImm { op, .. }
+            | Inst::XmmUnaryRmRImm { op, .. }
+            | Inst::XmmUnaryRmRUnaligned { op, .. }
+            | Inst::XmmUnaryRmR { op, .. }
+            | Inst::CvtIntToFloat { op, .. } => smallvec![op.available_from()],
+
+            Inst::XmmUnaryRmREvex { op, .. }
+            | Inst::XmmRmREvex { op, .. }
+            | Inst::XmmRmREvex3 { op, .. }
+            | Inst::XmmUnaryRmRImmEvex { op, .. } => op.available_from(),
+
+            Inst::XmmRmiRVex { op, .. }
+            | Inst::XmmRmRVex3 { op, .. }
+            | Inst::XmmRmRImmVex { op, .. }
+            | Inst::XmmRmRBlendVex { op, .. }
+            | Inst::XmmVexPinsr { op, .. }
+            | Inst::XmmUnaryRmRVex { op, .. }
+            | Inst::XmmUnaryRmRImmVex { op, .. }
+            | Inst::XmmMovRMVex { op, .. }
+            | Inst::XmmMovRMImmVex { op, .. }
+            | Inst::XmmToGprImmVex { op, .. }
+            | Inst::XmmToGprVex { op, .. }
+            | Inst::GprToXmmVex { op, .. }
+            | Inst::CvtIntToFloatVex { op, .. } => op.available_from(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// Handy constructors for Insts.
+
+impl Inst {
+    pub(crate) fn nop(len: u8) -> Self {
+        debug_assert!(len <= 15);
+        Self::Nop { len }
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn alu_rmi_r(
+        size: OperandSize,
+        op: AluRmiROpcode,
+        src: RegMemImm,
+        dst: Writable<Reg>,
+    ) -> Self {
+        src.assert_regclass_is(RegClass::Int);
+        debug_assert!(dst.to_reg().class() == RegClass::Int);
+        Self::AluRmiR {
+            size,
+            op,
+            src1: Gpr::new(dst.to_reg()).unwrap(),
+            src2: GprMemImm::new(src).unwrap(),
+            dst: WritableGpr::from_writable_reg(dst).unwrap(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[allow(dead_code)]
+    pub(crate) fn unary_rm_r(
+        size: OperandSize,
+        op: UnaryRmROpcode,
+        src: RegMem,
+        dst: Writable<Reg>,
+    ) -> Self {
+        src.assert_regclass_is(RegClass::Int);
+        debug_assert!(dst.to_reg().class() == RegClass::Int);
+        debug_assert!(size.is_one_of(&[
+            OperandSize::Size16,
+            OperandSize::Size32,
+            OperandSize::Size64
+        ]));
+        Self::UnaryRmR {
+            size,
+            op,
+            src: GprMem::new(src).unwrap(),
+            dst: WritableGpr::from_writable_reg(dst).unwrap(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn not(size: OperandSize, src: Writable<Reg>) -> Inst {
+        debug_assert_eq!(src.to_reg().class(), RegClass::Int);
+        Inst::Not {
+            size,
+            src: Gpr::new(src.to_reg()).unwrap(),
+            dst: WritableGpr::from_writable_reg(src).unwrap(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn div(
+        size: OperandSize,
+        sign: DivSignedness,
+        trap: TrapCode,
+        divisor: RegMem,
+        dividend_lo: Gpr,
+        dividend_hi: Gpr,
+        dst_quotient: WritableGpr,
+        dst_remainder: WritableGpr,
+    ) -> Inst {
+        divisor.assert_regclass_is(RegClass::Int);
+        Inst::Div {
+            size,
+            sign,
+            trap,
+            divisor: GprMem::new(divisor).unwrap(),
+            dividend_lo,
+            dividend_hi,
+            dst_quotient,
+            dst_remainder,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn div8(
+        sign: DivSignedness,
+        trap: TrapCode,
+        divisor: RegMem,
+        dividend: Gpr,
+        dst: WritableGpr,
+    ) -> Inst {
+        divisor.assert_regclass_is(RegClass::Int);
+        Inst::Div8 {
+            sign,
+            trap,
+            divisor: GprMem::new(divisor).unwrap(),
+            dividend,
+            dst,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn imm(dst_size: OperandSize, simm64: u64, dst: Writable<Reg>) -> Inst {
+        debug_assert!(dst_size.is_one_of(&[OperandSize::Size32, OperandSize::Size64]));
+        debug_assert!(dst.to_reg().class() == RegClass::Int);
+        // Try to generate a 32-bit immediate when the upper high bits are zeroed (which matches
+        // the semantics of movl).
+        let dst_size = match dst_size {
+            OperandSize::Size64 if simm64 > u32::max_value() as u64 => OperandSize::Size64,
+            _ => OperandSize::Size32,
+        };
+        Inst::Imm {
+            dst_size,
+            simm64,
+            dst: WritableGpr::from_writable_reg(dst).unwrap(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn mov_r_r(size: OperandSize, src: Reg, dst: Writable<Reg>) -> Inst {
+        debug_assert!(size.is_one_of(&[OperandSize::Size32, OperandSize::Size64]));
+        debug_assert!(src.class() == RegClass::Int);
+        debug_assert!(dst.to_reg().class() == RegClass::Int);
+        let src = Gpr::new(src).unwrap();
+        let dst = WritableGpr::from_writable_reg(dst).unwrap();
+        Inst::MovRR { size, src, dst }
+    }
+
+    /// Convenient helper for unary float operations.
+    pub(crate) fn xmm_unary_rm_r(op: SseOpcode, src: RegMem, dst: Writable<Reg>) -> Inst {
+        src.assert_regclass_is(RegClass::Float);
+        debug_assert!(dst.to_reg().class() == RegClass::Float);
+        Inst::XmmUnaryRmR {
+            op,
+            src: XmmMemAligned::new(src).unwrap(),
+            dst: WritableXmm::from_writable_reg(dst).unwrap(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn xmm_rm_r(op: SseOpcode, src: RegMem, dst: Writable<Reg>) -> Self {
+        src.assert_regclass_is(RegClass::Float);
+        debug_assert!(dst.to_reg().class() == RegClass::Float);
+        Inst::XmmRmR {
+            op,
+            src1: Xmm::new(dst.to_reg()).unwrap(),
+            src2: XmmMemAligned::new(src).unwrap(),
+            dst: WritableXmm::from_writable_reg(dst).unwrap(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(test)]
+    pub(crate) fn xmm_rmr_vex3(op: AvxOpcode, src3: RegMem, src2: Reg, dst: Writable<Reg>) -> Self {
+        src3.assert_regclass_is(RegClass::Float);
+        debug_assert!(src2.class() == RegClass::Float);
+        debug_assert!(dst.to_reg().class() == RegClass::Float);
+        Inst::XmmRmRVex3 {
+            op,
+            src3: XmmMem::new(src3).unwrap(),
+            src2: Xmm::new(src2).unwrap(),
+            src1: Xmm::new(dst.to_reg()).unwrap(),
+            dst: WritableXmm::from_writable_reg(dst).unwrap(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn xmm_mov_r_m(op: SseOpcode, src: Reg, dst: impl Into<SyntheticAmode>) -> Inst {
+        debug_assert!(src.class() == RegClass::Float);
+        Inst::XmmMovRM {
+            op,
+            src: Xmm::new(src).unwrap(),
+            dst: dst.into(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn xmm_to_gpr(
+        op: SseOpcode,
+        src: Reg,
+        dst: Writable<Reg>,
+        dst_size: OperandSize,
+    ) -> Inst {
+        debug_assert!(src.class() == RegClass::Float);
+        debug_assert!(dst.to_reg().class() == RegClass::Int);
+        debug_assert!(dst_size.is_one_of(&[OperandSize::Size32, OperandSize::Size64]));
+        Inst::XmmToGpr {
+            op,
+            src: Xmm::new(src).unwrap(),
+            dst: WritableGpr::from_writable_reg(dst).unwrap(),
+            dst_size,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn gpr_to_xmm(
+        op: SseOpcode,
+        src: RegMem,
+        src_size: OperandSize,
+        dst: Writable<Reg>,
+    ) -> Inst {
+        src.assert_regclass_is(RegClass::Int);
+        debug_assert!(src_size.is_one_of(&[OperandSize::Size32, OperandSize::Size64]));
+        debug_assert!(dst.to_reg().class() == RegClass::Float);
+        Inst::GprToXmm {
+            op,
+            src: GprMem::new(src).unwrap(),
+            dst: WritableXmm::from_writable_reg(dst).unwrap(),
+            src_size,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn xmm_cmp_rm_r(op: SseOpcode, src: RegMem, dst: Reg) -> Inst {
+        src.assert_regclass_is(RegClass::Float);
+        debug_assert!(dst.class() == RegClass::Float);
+        let src = XmmMemAligned::new(src).unwrap();
+        let dst = Xmm::new(dst).unwrap();
+        Inst::XmmCmpRmR { op, src, dst }
+    }
+
+    #[allow(dead_code)]
+    pub(crate) fn xmm_min_max_seq(
+        size: OperandSize,
+        is_min: bool,
+        lhs: Reg,
+        rhs: Reg,
+        dst: Writable<Reg>,
+    ) -> Inst {
+        debug_assert!(size.is_one_of(&[OperandSize::Size32, OperandSize::Size64]));
+        debug_assert_eq!(lhs.class(), RegClass::Float);
+        debug_assert_eq!(rhs.class(), RegClass::Float);
+        debug_assert_eq!(dst.to_reg().class(), RegClass::Float);
+        Inst::XmmMinMaxSeq {
+            size,
+            is_min,
+            lhs: Xmm::new(lhs).unwrap(),
+            rhs: Xmm::new(rhs).unwrap(),
+            dst: WritableXmm::from_writable_reg(dst).unwrap(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn movzx_rm_r(ext_mode: ExtMode, src: RegMem, dst: Writable<Reg>) -> Inst {
+        src.assert_regclass_is(RegClass::Int);
+        debug_assert!(dst.to_reg().class() == RegClass::Int);
+        let src = GprMem::new(src).unwrap();
+        let dst = WritableGpr::from_writable_reg(dst).unwrap();
+        Inst::MovzxRmR { ext_mode, src, dst }
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn movsx_rm_r(ext_mode: ExtMode, src: RegMem, dst: Writable<Reg>) -> Inst {
+        src.assert_regclass_is(RegClass::Int);
+        debug_assert!(dst.to_reg().class() == RegClass::Int);
+        let src = GprMem::new(src).unwrap();
+        let dst = WritableGpr::from_writable_reg(dst).unwrap();
+        Inst::MovsxRmR { ext_mode, src, dst }
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn mov64_m_r(src: impl Into<SyntheticAmode>, dst: Writable<Reg>) -> Inst {
+        debug_assert!(dst.to_reg().class() == RegClass::Int);
+        Inst::Mov64MR {
+            src: src.into(),
+            dst: WritableGpr::from_writable_reg(dst).unwrap(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn mov_r_m(size: OperandSize, src: Reg, dst: impl Into<SyntheticAmode>) -> Inst {
+        debug_assert!(src.class() == RegClass::Int);
+        Inst::MovRM {
+            size,
+            src: Gpr::new(src).unwrap(),
+            dst: dst.into(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn lea(addr: impl Into<SyntheticAmode>, dst: Writable<Reg>) -> Inst {
+        debug_assert!(dst.to_reg().class() == RegClass::Int);
+        Inst::LoadEffectiveAddress {
+            addr: addr.into(),
+            dst: WritableGpr::from_writable_reg(dst).unwrap(),
+            size: OperandSize::Size64,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn shift_r(
+        size: OperandSize,
+        kind: ShiftKind,
+        num_bits: Imm8Gpr,
+        src: Reg,
+        dst: Writable<Reg>,
+    ) -> Inst {
+        if let Imm8Reg::Imm8 { imm: num_bits } = num_bits.clone().to_imm8_reg() {
+            debug_assert!(num_bits < size.to_bits());
+        }
+        debug_assert!(dst.to_reg().class() == RegClass::Int);
+        Inst::ShiftR {
+            size,
+            kind,
+            src: Gpr::new(src).unwrap(),
+            num_bits,
+            dst: WritableGpr::from_writable_reg(dst).unwrap(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Does a comparison of dst - src for operands of size `size`, as stated by the machine
+    /// instruction semantics. Be careful with the order of parameters!
+    pub(crate) fn cmp_rmi_r(size: OperandSize, src: RegMemImm, dst: Reg) -> Inst {
+        src.assert_regclass_is(RegClass::Int);
+        debug_assert_eq!(dst.class(), RegClass::Int);
+        Inst::CmpRmiR {
+            size,
+            src: GprMemImm::new(src).unwrap(),
+            dst: Gpr::new(dst).unwrap(),
+            opcode: CmpOpcode::Cmp,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn trap(trap_code: TrapCode) -> Inst {
+        Inst::Ud2 { trap_code }
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn trap_if(cc: CC, trap_code: TrapCode) -> Inst {
+        Inst::TrapIf { cc, trap_code }
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn cmove(size: OperandSize, cc: CC, src: RegMem, dst: Writable<Reg>) -> Inst {
+        debug_assert!(size.is_one_of(&[
+            OperandSize::Size16,
+            OperandSize::Size32,
+            OperandSize::Size64
+        ]));
+        debug_assert!(dst.to_reg().class() == RegClass::Int);
+        Inst::Cmove {
+            size,
+            cc,
+            consequent: GprMem::new(src).unwrap(),
+            alternative: Gpr::new(dst.to_reg()).unwrap(),
+            dst: WritableGpr::from_writable_reg(dst).unwrap(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn push64(src: RegMemImm) -> Inst {
+        src.assert_regclass_is(RegClass::Int);
+        let src = GprMemImm::new(src).unwrap();
+        Inst::Push64 { src }
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn pop64(dst: Writable<Reg>) -> Inst {
+        debug_assert!(dst.to_reg().class() == RegClass::Int);
+        let dst = WritableGpr::from_writable_reg(dst).unwrap();
+        Inst::Pop64 { dst }
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn call_known(
+        dest: ExternalName,
+        uses: CallArgList,
+        defs: CallRetList,
+        clobbers: PRegSet,
+        opcode: Opcode,
+        callee_pop_size: u32,
+        callee_conv: CallConv,
+    ) -> Inst {
+        Inst::CallKnown {
+            dest,
+            opcode,
+            info: Some(Box::new(CallInfo {
+                uses,
+                defs,
+                clobbers,
+                callee_pop_size,
+                callee_conv,
+            })),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn call_unknown(
+        dest: RegMem,
+        uses: CallArgList,
+        defs: CallRetList,
+        clobbers: PRegSet,
+        opcode: Opcode,
+        callee_pop_size: u32,
+        callee_conv: CallConv,
+    ) -> Inst {
+        dest.assert_regclass_is(RegClass::Int);
+        Inst::CallUnknown {
+            dest,
+            opcode,
+            info: Some(Box::new(CallInfo {
+                uses,
+                defs,
+                clobbers,
+                callee_pop_size,
+                callee_conv,
+            })),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn ret(stack_bytes_to_pop: u32) -> Inst {
+        Inst::Ret { stack_bytes_to_pop }
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn jmp_known(dst: MachLabel) -> Inst {
+        Inst::JmpKnown { dst }
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn jmp_unknown(target: RegMem) -> Inst {
+        target.assert_regclass_is(RegClass::Int);
+        Inst::JmpUnknown { target }
+    }
+
+    /// Choose which instruction to use for loading a register value from memory. For loads smaller
+    /// than 64 bits, this method expects a way to extend the value (i.e. [ExtKind::SignExtend],
+    /// [ExtKind::ZeroExtend]); loads with no extension necessary will ignore this.
+    pub(crate) fn load(
+        ty: Type,
+        from_addr: impl Into<SyntheticAmode>,
+        to_reg: Writable<Reg>,
+        ext_kind: ExtKind,
+    ) -> Inst {
+        let rc = to_reg.to_reg().class();
+        match rc {
+            RegClass::Int => {
+                let ext_mode = match ty.bytes() {
+                    1 => Some(ExtMode::BQ),
+                    2 => Some(ExtMode::WQ),
+                    4 => Some(ExtMode::LQ),
+                    8 => None,
+                    _ => unreachable!("the type should never use a scalar load: {}", ty),
+                };
+                if let Some(ext_mode) = ext_mode {
+                    // Values smaller than 64 bits must be extended in some way.
+                    match ext_kind {
+                        ExtKind::SignExtend => {
+                            Inst::movsx_rm_r(ext_mode, RegMem::mem(from_addr), to_reg)
+                        }
+                        ExtKind::ZeroExtend => {
+                            Inst::movzx_rm_r(ext_mode, RegMem::mem(from_addr), to_reg)
+                        }
+                        ExtKind::None => panic!(
+                            "expected an extension kind for extension mode: {:?}",
+                            ext_mode
+                        ),
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    // 64-bit values can be moved directly.
+                    Inst::mov64_m_r(from_addr, to_reg)
+                }
+            }
+            RegClass::Float => {
+                let opcode = match ty {
+                    types::F32 => SseOpcode::Movss,
+                    types::F64 => SseOpcode::Movsd,
+                    types::F32X4 => SseOpcode::Movups,
+                    types::F64X2 => SseOpcode::Movupd,
+                    _ if ty.is_vector() && ty.bits() == 128 => SseOpcode::Movdqu,
+                    _ => unimplemented!("unable to load type: {}", ty),
+                };
+                Inst::xmm_unary_rm_r(opcode, RegMem::mem(from_addr), to_reg)
+            }
+            RegClass::Vector => unreachable!(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Choose which instruction to use for storing a register value to memory.
+    pub(crate) fn store(ty: Type, from_reg: Reg, to_addr: impl Into<SyntheticAmode>) -> Inst {
+        let rc = from_reg.class();
+        match rc {
+            RegClass::Int => Inst::mov_r_m(OperandSize::from_ty(ty), from_reg, to_addr),
+            RegClass::Float => {
+                let opcode = match ty {
+                    types::F32 => SseOpcode::Movss,
+                    types::F64 => SseOpcode::Movsd,
+                    types::F32X4 => SseOpcode::Movups,
+                    types::F64X2 => SseOpcode::Movupd,
+                    _ if ty.is_vector() && ty.bits() == 128 => SseOpcode::Movdqu,
+                    _ => unimplemented!("unable to store type: {}", ty),
+                };
+                Inst::xmm_mov_r_m(opcode, from_reg, to_addr)
+            }
+            RegClass::Vector => unreachable!(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+//=============================================================================
+// Instructions: printing
+
+impl PrettyPrint for Inst {
+    fn pretty_print(&self, _size: u8, allocs: &mut AllocationConsumer<'_>) -> String {
+        fn ljustify(s: String) -> String {
+            let w = 7;
+            if s.len() >= w {
+                s
+            } else {
+                let need = usize::min(w, w - s.len());
+                s + &format!("{nil: <width$}", nil = "", width = need)
+            }
+        }
+
+        fn ljustify2(s1: String, s2: String) -> String {
+            ljustify(s1 + &s2)
+        }
+
+        fn suffix_lq(size: OperandSize) -> String {
+            match size {
+                OperandSize::Size32 => "l",
+                OperandSize::Size64 => "q",
+                _ => unreachable!(),
+            }
+            .to_string()
+        }
+
+        #[allow(dead_code)]
+        fn suffix_lqb(size: OperandSize) -> String {
+            match size {
+                OperandSize::Size32 => "l",
+                OperandSize::Size64 => "q",
+                _ => unreachable!(),
+            }
+            .to_string()
+        }
+
+        fn suffix_bwlq(size: OperandSize) -> String {
+            match size {
+                OperandSize::Size8 => "b".to_string(),
+                OperandSize::Size16 => "w".to_string(),
+                OperandSize::Size32 => "l".to_string(),
+                OperandSize::Size64 => "q".to_string(),
+            }
+        }
+
+        match self {
+            Inst::Nop { len } => format!("{} len={}", ljustify("nop".to_string()), len),
+
+            Inst::AluRmiR {
+                size,
+                op,
+                src1,
+                src2,
+                dst,
+            } => {
+                let size_bytes = size.to_bytes();
+                let src1 = pretty_print_reg(src1.to_reg(), size_bytes, allocs);
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), size_bytes, allocs);
+                let src2 = src2.pretty_print(size_bytes, allocs);
+                let op = ljustify2(op.to_string(), suffix_bwlq(*size));
+                format!("{op} {src1}, {src2}, {dst}")
+            }
+            Inst::AluConstOp { op, dst, size } => {
+                let size_bytes = size.to_bytes();
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), size_bytes, allocs);
+                let op = ljustify2(op.to_string(), suffix_lqb(*size));
+                format!("{op} {dst}, {dst}, {dst}")
+            }
+            Inst::AluRM {
+                size,
+                op,
+                src1_dst,
+                src2,
+            } => {
+                let size_bytes = size.to_bytes();
+                let src2 = pretty_print_reg(src2.to_reg(), size_bytes, allocs);
+                let src1_dst = src1_dst.pretty_print(size_bytes, allocs);
+                let op = ljustify2(op.to_string(), suffix_bwlq(*size));
+                format!("{op} {src2}, {src1_dst}")
+            }
+            Inst::AluRmRVex {
+                size,
+                op,
+                src1,
+                src2,
+                dst,
+            } => {
+                let size_bytes = size.to_bytes();
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let src1 = pretty_print_reg(src1.to_reg(), size_bytes, allocs);
+                let src2 = src2.pretty_print(size_bytes, allocs);
+                let op = ljustify2(op.to_string(), String::new());
+                format!("{op} {src2}, {src1}, {dst}")
+            }
+            Inst::UnaryRmR { src, dst, op, size } => {
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let src = src.pretty_print(size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let op = ljustify2(op.to_string(), suffix_bwlq(*size));
+                format!("{op} {src}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::UnaryRmRVex { src, dst, op, size } => {
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let src = src.pretty_print(size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let op = ljustify2(op.to_string(), suffix_bwlq(*size));
+                format!("{op} {src}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::UnaryRmRImmVex {
+                src,
+                dst,
+                op,
+                size,
+                imm,
+            } => {
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let src = src.pretty_print(size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                format!(
+                    "{} ${imm}, {src}, {dst}",
+                    ljustify2(op.to_string(), suffix_bwlq(*size))
+                )
+            }
+
+            Inst::Not { size, src, dst } => {
+                let src = pretty_print_reg(src.to_reg(), size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let op = ljustify2("not".to_string(), suffix_bwlq(*size));
+                format!("{op} {src}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::Neg { size, src, dst } => {
+                let src = pretty_print_reg(src.to_reg(), size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let op = ljustify2("neg".to_string(), suffix_bwlq(*size));
+                format!("{op} {src}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::Div {
+                size,
+                sign,
+                trap,
+                divisor,
+                dividend_lo,
+                dividend_hi,
+                dst_quotient,
+                dst_remainder,
+            } => {
+                let divisor = divisor.pretty_print(size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let dividend_lo = pretty_print_reg(dividend_lo.to_reg(), size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let dividend_hi = pretty_print_reg(dividend_hi.to_reg(), size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let dst_quotient =
+                    pretty_print_reg(dst_quotient.to_reg().to_reg(), size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let dst_remainder =
+                    pretty_print_reg(dst_remainder.to_reg().to_reg(), size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let op = ljustify(match sign {
+                    DivSignedness::Signed => "idiv".to_string(),
+                    DivSignedness::Unsigned => "div".to_string(),
+                });
+                format!(
+                    "{op} {dividend_lo}, {dividend_hi}, {divisor}, {dst_quotient}, {dst_remainder} ; trap={trap}"
+                )
+            }
+
+            Inst::Div8 {
+                sign,
+                trap,
+                divisor,
+                dividend,
+                dst,
+            } => {
+                let divisor = divisor.pretty_print(1, allocs);
+                let dividend = pretty_print_reg(dividend.to_reg(), 1, allocs);
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), 1, allocs);
+                let op = ljustify(match sign {
+                    DivSignedness::Signed => "idiv".to_string(),
+                    DivSignedness::Unsigned => "div".to_string(),
+                });
+                format!("{op} {dividend}, {divisor}, {dst} ; trap={trap}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::Mul {
+                size,
+                signed,
+                src1,
+                src2,
+                dst_lo,
+                dst_hi,
+            } => {
+                let src1 = pretty_print_reg(src1.to_reg(), size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let dst_lo = pretty_print_reg(dst_lo.to_reg().to_reg(), size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let dst_hi = pretty_print_reg(dst_hi.to_reg().to_reg(), size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let src2 = src2.pretty_print(size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let suffix = suffix_bwlq(*size);
+                let op = ljustify(if *signed {
+                    format!("imul{suffix}")
+                } else {
+                    format!("mul{suffix}")
+                });
+                format!("{op} {src1}, {src2}, {dst_lo}, {dst_hi}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::Mul8 {
+                signed,
+                src1,
+                src2,
+                dst,
+            } => {
+                let src1 = pretty_print_reg(src1.to_reg(), 1, allocs);
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), 1, allocs);
+                let src2 = src2.pretty_print(1, allocs);
+                let op = ljustify(if *signed {
+                    "imulb".to_string()
+                } else {
+                    "mulb".to_string()
+                });
+                format!("{op} {src1}, {src2}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::IMul {
+                size,
+                src1,
+                src2,
+                dst,
+            } => {
+                let src1 = pretty_print_reg(src1.to_reg(), size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let src2 = src2.pretty_print(size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let suffix = suffix_bwlq(*size);
+                let op = ljustify(format!("imul{suffix}"));
+                format!("{op} {src1}, {src2}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::IMulImm {
+                size,
+                src1,
+                src2,
+                dst,
+            } => {
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let src1 = src1.pretty_print(size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let suffix = suffix_bwlq(*size);
+                let op = ljustify(format!("imul{suffix}"));
+                format!("{op} {src1}, {src2:#x}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::CheckedSRemSeq {
+                size,
+                divisor,
+                dividend_lo,
+                dividend_hi,
+                dst_quotient,
+                dst_remainder,
+            } => {
+                let divisor = pretty_print_reg(divisor.to_reg(), size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let dividend_lo = pretty_print_reg(dividend_lo.to_reg(), size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let dividend_hi = pretty_print_reg(dividend_hi.to_reg(), size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let dst_quotient =
+                    pretty_print_reg(dst_quotient.to_reg().to_reg(), size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let dst_remainder =
+                    pretty_print_reg(dst_remainder.to_reg().to_reg(), size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                format!(
+                    "checked_srem_seq {dividend_lo}, {dividend_hi}, \
+                        {divisor}, {dst_quotient}, {dst_remainder}",
+                )
+            }
+
+            Inst::CheckedSRemSeq8 {
+                divisor,
+                dividend,
+                dst,
+            } => {
+                let divisor = pretty_print_reg(divisor.to_reg(), 1, allocs);
+                let dividend = pretty_print_reg(dividend.to_reg(), 1, allocs);
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), 1, allocs);
+                format!("checked_srem_seq {dividend}, {divisor}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::SignExtendData { size, src, dst } => {
+                let src = pretty_print_reg(src.to_reg(), size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let op = match size {
+                    OperandSize::Size8 => "cbw",
+                    OperandSize::Size16 => "cwd",
+                    OperandSize::Size32 => "cdq",
+                    OperandSize::Size64 => "cqo",
+                };
+                format!("{op} {src}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::XmmUnaryRmR { op, src, dst, .. } => {
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), op.src_size(), allocs);
+                let src = src.pretty_print(op.src_size(), allocs);
+                let op = ljustify(op.to_string());
+                format!("{op} {src}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::XmmUnaryRmRUnaligned { op, src, dst, .. } => {
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), op.src_size(), allocs);
+                let src = src.pretty_print(op.src_size(), allocs);
+                let op = ljustify(op.to_string());
+                format!("{op} {src}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::XmmUnaryRmRImm {
+                op, src, dst, imm, ..
+            } => {
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), op.src_size(), allocs);
+                let src = src.pretty_print(op.src_size(), allocs);
+                let op = ljustify(op.to_string());
+                format!("{op} ${imm}, {src}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::XmmUnaryRmRVex { op, src, dst, .. } => {
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let src = src.pretty_print(8, allocs);
+                let op = ljustify(op.to_string());
+                format!("{op} {src}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::XmmUnaryRmRImmVex {
+                op, src, dst, imm, ..
+            } => {
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let src = src.pretty_print(8, allocs);
+                let op = ljustify(op.to_string());
+                format!("{op} ${imm}, {src}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::XmmUnaryRmREvex { op, src, dst, .. } => {
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let src = src.pretty_print(8, allocs);
+                let op = ljustify(op.to_string());
+                format!("{op} {src}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::XmmUnaryRmRImmEvex {
+                op, src, dst, imm, ..
+            } => {
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let src = src.pretty_print(8, allocs);
+                let op = ljustify(op.to_string());
+                format!("{op} ${imm}, {src}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::XmmMovRM { op, src, dst, .. } => {
+                let src = pretty_print_reg(src.to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let dst = dst.pretty_print(8, allocs);
+                let op = ljustify(op.to_string());
+                format!("{op} {src}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::XmmMovRMVex { op, src, dst, .. } => {
+                let src = pretty_print_reg(src.to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let dst = dst.pretty_print(8, allocs);
+                let op = ljustify(op.to_string());
+                format!("{op} {src}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::XmmMovRMImm {
+                op, src, dst, imm, ..
+            } => {
+                let src = pretty_print_reg(src.to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let dst = dst.pretty_print(8, allocs);
+                let op = ljustify(op.to_string());
+                format!("{op} ${imm}, {src}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::XmmMovRMImmVex {
+                op, src, dst, imm, ..
+            } => {
+                let src = pretty_print_reg(src.to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let dst = dst.pretty_print(8, allocs);
+                let op = ljustify(op.to_string());
+                format!("{op} ${imm}, {src}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::XmmRmR {
+                op,
+                src1,
+                src2,
+                dst,
+                ..
+            } => {
+                let src1 = pretty_print_reg(src1.to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let src2 = src2.pretty_print(8, allocs);
+                let op = ljustify(op.to_string());
+                format!("{op} {src1}, {src2}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::XmmRmRUnaligned {
+                op,
+                src1,
+                src2,
+                dst,
+                ..
+            } => {
+                let src1 = pretty_print_reg(src1.to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let src2 = src2.pretty_print(8, allocs);
+                let op = ljustify(op.to_string());
+                format!("{op} {src1}, {src2}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::XmmRmRBlend {
+                op,
+                src1,
+                src2,
+                mask,
+                dst,
+            } => {
+                let src1 = pretty_print_reg(src1.to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let mask = allocs.next(mask.to_reg());
+                let mask = if mask.is_virtual() {
+                    format!(" <{}>", show_ireg_sized(mask, 8))
+                } else {
+                    debug_assert_eq!(mask, regs::xmm0());
+                    String::new()
+                };
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let src2 = src2.pretty_print(8, allocs);
+                let op = ljustify(op.to_string());
+                format!("{op} {src1}, {src2}, {dst}{mask}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::XmmRmiRVex {
+                op,
+                src1,
+                src2,
+                dst,
+                ..
+            } => {
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let src1 = pretty_print_reg(src1.to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let src2 = src2.pretty_print(8, allocs);
+                let op = ljustify(op.to_string());
+                format!("{op} {src1}, {src2}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::XmmRmRImmVex {
+                op,
+                src1,
+                src2,
+                dst,
+                imm,
+                ..
+            } => {
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let src1 = pretty_print_reg(src1.to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let src2 = src2.pretty_print(8, allocs);
+                let op = ljustify(op.to_string());
+                format!("{op} ${imm}, {src1}, {src2}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::XmmVexPinsr {
+                op,
+                src1,
+                src2,
+                dst,
+                imm,
+                ..
+            } => {
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let src1 = pretty_print_reg(src1.to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let src2 = src2.pretty_print(8, allocs);
+                let op = ljustify(op.to_string());
+                format!("{op} ${imm}, {src1}, {src2}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::XmmRmRVex3 {
+                op,
+                src1,
+                src2,
+                src3,
+                dst,
+                ..
+            } => {
+                let src1 = pretty_print_reg(src1.to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let src2 = pretty_print_reg(src2.to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let src3 = src3.pretty_print(8, allocs);
+                let op = ljustify(op.to_string());
+                format!("{op} {src1}, {src2}, {src3}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::XmmRmRBlendVex {
+                op,
+                src1,
+                src2,
+                mask,
+                dst,
+                ..
+            } => {
+                let src1 = pretty_print_reg(src1.to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let src2 = src2.pretty_print(8, allocs);
+                let mask = pretty_print_reg(mask.to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let op = ljustify(op.to_string());
+                format!("{op} {src1}, {src2}, {mask}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::XmmRmREvex {
+                op,
+                src1,
+                src2,
+                dst,
+                ..
+            } => {
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let src1 = pretty_print_reg(src1.to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let src2 = src2.pretty_print(8, allocs);
+                let op = ljustify(op.to_string());
+                format!("{op} {src1}, {src2}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::XmmRmREvex3 {
+                op,
+                src1,
+                src2,
+                src3,
+                dst,
+                ..
+            } => {
+                let src1 = pretty_print_reg(src1.to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let src2 = pretty_print_reg(src2.to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let src3 = src3.pretty_print(8, allocs);
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let op = ljustify(op.to_string());
+                format!("{op} {src1}, {src2}, {src3}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::XmmMinMaxSeq {
+                lhs,
+                rhs,
+                dst,
+                is_min,
+                size,
+            } => {
+                let rhs = pretty_print_reg(rhs.to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let lhs = pretty_print_reg(lhs.to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let op = ljustify2(
+                    if *is_min {
+                        "xmm min seq ".to_string()
+                    } else {
+                        "xmm max seq ".to_string()
+                    },
+                    format!("f{}", size.to_bits()),
+                );
+                format!("{op} {lhs}, {rhs}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::XmmRmRImm {
+                op,
+                src1,
+                src2,
+                dst,
+                imm,
+                size,
+                ..
+            } => {
+                let src1 = pretty_print_reg(*src1, 8, allocs);
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let src2 = src2.pretty_print(8, allocs);
+                let op = ljustify(format!(
+                    "{}{}",
+                    op.to_string(),
+                    if *size == OperandSize::Size64 {
+                        ".w"
+                    } else {
+                        ""
+                    }
+                ));
+                format!("{op} ${imm}, {src1}, {src2}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::XmmUninitializedValue { dst } => {
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let op = ljustify("uninit".into());
+                format!("{op} {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::XmmToGpr {
+                op,
+                src,
+                dst,
+                dst_size,
+            } => {
+                let dst_size = dst_size.to_bytes();
+                let src = pretty_print_reg(src.to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), dst_size, allocs);
+                let op = ljustify(op.to_string());
+                format!("{op} {src}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::XmmToGprVex {
+                op,
+                src,
+                dst,
+                dst_size,
+            } => {
+                let dst_size = dst_size.to_bytes();
+                let src = pretty_print_reg(src.to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), dst_size, allocs);
+                let op = ljustify(op.to_string());
+                format!("{op} {src}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::XmmToGprImm { op, src, dst, imm } => {
+                let src = pretty_print_reg(src.to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let op = ljustify(op.to_string());
+                format!("{op} ${imm}, {src}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::XmmToGprImmVex { op, src, dst, imm } => {
+                let src = pretty_print_reg(src.to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let op = ljustify(op.to_string());
+                format!("{op} ${imm}, {src}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::GprToXmm {
+                op,
+                src,
+                src_size,
+                dst,
+            } => {
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let src = src.pretty_print(src_size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let op = ljustify(op.to_string());
+                format!("{op} {src}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::GprToXmmVex {
+                op,
+                src,
+                src_size,
+                dst,
+            } => {
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let src = src.pretty_print(src_size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let op = ljustify(op.to_string());
+                format!("{op} {src}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::XmmCmpRmR { op, src, dst } => {
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let src = src.pretty_print(8, allocs);
+                let op = ljustify(op.to_string());
+                format!("{op} {src}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::CvtIntToFloat {
+                op,
+                src1,
+                src2,
+                dst,
+                src2_size,
+            } => {
+                let src1 = pretty_print_reg(src1.to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(*dst.to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let src2 = src2.pretty_print(src2_size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let op = ljustify(op.to_string());
+                format!("{op} {src1}, {src2}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::CvtIntToFloatVex {
+                op,
+                src1,
+                src2,
+                dst,
+                src2_size,
+            } => {
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(*dst.to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let src1 = pretty_print_reg(src1.to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let src2 = src2.pretty_print(src2_size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let op = ljustify(op.to_string());
+                format!("{op} {src1}, {src2}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::CvtUint64ToFloatSeq {
+                src,
+                dst,
+                dst_size,
+                tmp_gpr1,
+                tmp_gpr2,
+                ..
+            } => {
+                let src = pretty_print_reg(src.to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), dst_size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let tmp_gpr1 = pretty_print_reg(tmp_gpr1.to_reg().to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let tmp_gpr2 = pretty_print_reg(tmp_gpr2.to_reg().to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let op = ljustify(format!(
+                    "u64_to_{}_seq",
+                    if *dst_size == OperandSize::Size64 {
+                        "f64"
+                    } else {
+                        "f32"
+                    }
+                ));
+                format!("{op} {src}, {dst}, {tmp_gpr1}, {tmp_gpr2}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::CvtFloatToSintSeq {
+                src,
+                dst,
+                src_size,
+                dst_size,
+                tmp_xmm,
+                tmp_gpr,
+                is_saturating,
+            } => {
+                let src = pretty_print_reg(src.to_reg(), src_size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), dst_size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let tmp_gpr = pretty_print_reg(tmp_gpr.to_reg().to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let tmp_xmm = pretty_print_reg(tmp_xmm.to_reg().to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let op = ljustify(format!(
+                    "cvt_float{}_to_sint{}{}_seq",
+                    src_size.to_bits(),
+                    dst_size.to_bits(),
+                    if *is_saturating { "_sat" } else { "" },
+                ));
+                format!("{op} {src}, {dst}, {tmp_gpr}, {tmp_xmm}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::CvtFloatToUintSeq {
+                src,
+                dst,
+                src_size,
+                dst_size,
+                tmp_gpr,
+                tmp_xmm,
+                tmp_xmm2,
+                is_saturating,
+            } => {
+                let src = pretty_print_reg(src.to_reg(), src_size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), dst_size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let tmp_gpr = pretty_print_reg(tmp_gpr.to_reg().to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let tmp_xmm = pretty_print_reg(tmp_xmm.to_reg().to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let tmp_xmm2 = pretty_print_reg(tmp_xmm2.to_reg().to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let op = ljustify(format!(
+                    "cvt_float{}_to_uint{}{}_seq",
+                    src_size.to_bits(),
+                    dst_size.to_bits(),
+                    if *is_saturating { "_sat" } else { "" },
+                ));
+                format!("{op} {src}, {dst}, {tmp_gpr}, {tmp_xmm}, {tmp_xmm2}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::Imm {
+                dst_size,
+                simm64,
+                dst,
+            } => {
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), dst_size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                if *dst_size == OperandSize::Size64 {
+                    let op = ljustify("movabsq".to_string());
+                    let imm = *simm64 as i64;
+                    format!("{op} ${imm}, {dst}")
+                } else {
+                    let op = ljustify("movl".to_string());
+                    let imm = (*simm64 as u32) as i32;
+                    format!("{op} ${imm}, {dst}")
+                }
+            }
+
+            Inst::MovImmM { size, simm32, dst } => {
+                let dst = dst.pretty_print(size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let suffix = suffix_bwlq(*size);
+                let imm = match *size {
+                    OperandSize::Size8 => ((*simm32 as u8) as i8).to_string(),
+                    OperandSize::Size16 => ((*simm32 as u16) as i16).to_string(),
+                    OperandSize::Size32 => simm32.to_string(),
+                    OperandSize::Size64 => (*simm32 as i64).to_string(),
+                };
+                let op = ljustify2("mov".to_string(), suffix);
+                format!("{op} ${imm}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::MovRR { size, src, dst } => {
+                let src = pretty_print_reg(src.to_reg(), size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let op = ljustify2("mov".to_string(), suffix_lq(*size));
+                format!("{op} {src}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::MovFromPReg { src, dst } => {
+                allocs.next_fixed_nonallocatable(*src);
+                let src: Reg = (*src).into();
+                let src = regs::show_ireg_sized(src, 8);
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let op = ljustify("movq".to_string());
+                format!("{op} {src}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::MovToPReg { src, dst } => {
+                let src = pretty_print_reg(src.to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                allocs.next_fixed_nonallocatable(*dst);
+                let dst: Reg = (*dst).into();
+                let dst = regs::show_ireg_sized(dst, 8);
+                let op = ljustify("movq".to_string());
+                format!("{op} {src}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::MovzxRmR {
+                ext_mode, src, dst, ..
+            } => {
+                let dst_size = if *ext_mode == ExtMode::LQ {
+                    4
+                } else {
+                    ext_mode.dst_size()
+                };
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), dst_size, allocs);
+                let src = src.pretty_print(ext_mode.src_size(), allocs);
+
+                if *ext_mode == ExtMode::LQ {
+                    let op = ljustify("movl".to_string());
+                    format!("{op} {src}, {dst}")
+                } else {
+                    let op = ljustify2("movz".to_string(), ext_mode.to_string());
+                    format!("{op} {src}, {dst}")
+                }
+            }
+
+            Inst::Mov64MR { src, dst, .. } => {
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let src = src.pretty_print(8, allocs);
+                let op = ljustify("movq".to_string());
+                format!("{op} {src}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::LoadEffectiveAddress { addr, dst, size } => {
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let addr = addr.pretty_print(8, allocs);
+                let op = ljustify("lea".to_string());
+                format!("{op} {addr}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::MovsxRmR {
+                ext_mode, src, dst, ..
+            } => {
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), ext_mode.dst_size(), allocs);
+                let src = src.pretty_print(ext_mode.src_size(), allocs);
+                let op = ljustify2("movs".to_string(), ext_mode.to_string());
+                format!("{op} {src}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::MovRM { size, src, dst, .. } => {
+                let src = pretty_print_reg(src.to_reg(), size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let dst = dst.pretty_print(size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let op = ljustify2("mov".to_string(), suffix_bwlq(*size));
+                format!("{op} {src}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::ShiftR {
+                size,
+                kind,
+                num_bits,
+                src,
+                dst,
+                ..
+            } => {
+                let src = pretty_print_reg(src.to_reg(), size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                match num_bits.clone().to_imm8_reg() {
+                    Imm8Reg::Reg { reg } => {
+                        let reg = pretty_print_reg(reg, 1, allocs);
+                        let op = ljustify2(kind.to_string(), suffix_bwlq(*size));
+                        format!("{op} {reg}, {src}, {dst}")
+                    }
+
+                    Imm8Reg::Imm8 { imm: num_bits } => {
+                        let op = ljustify2(kind.to_string(), suffix_bwlq(*size));
+                        format!("{op} ${num_bits}, {src}, {dst}")
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            Inst::XmmRmiReg {
+                opcode,
+                src1,
+                src2,
+                dst,
+                ..
+            } => {
+                let src1 = pretty_print_reg(src1.to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let src2 = src2.pretty_print(8, allocs);
+                let op = ljustify(opcode.to_string());
+                format!("{op} {src1}, {src2}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::CmpRmiR {
+                size,
+                src,
+                dst,
+                opcode,
+            } => {
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg(), size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let src = src.pretty_print(size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let op = match opcode {
+                    CmpOpcode::Cmp => "cmp",
+                    CmpOpcode::Test => "test",
+                };
+                let op = ljustify2(op.to_string(), suffix_bwlq(*size));
+                format!("{op} {src}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::Setcc { cc, dst } => {
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), 1, allocs);
+                let op = ljustify2("set".to_string(), cc.to_string());
+                format!("{op} {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::Bswap { size, src, dst } => {
+                let src = pretty_print_reg(src.to_reg(), size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let op = ljustify2("bswap".to_string(), suffix_bwlq(*size));
+                format!("{op} {src}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::Cmove {
+                size,
+                cc,
+                consequent,
+                alternative,
+                dst,
+            } => {
+                let alternative = pretty_print_reg(alternative.to_reg(), size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let consequent = consequent.pretty_print(size.to_bytes(), allocs);
+                let op = ljustify(format!("cmov{}{}", cc.to_string(), suffix_bwlq(*size)));
+                format!("{op} {consequent}, {alternative}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::XmmCmove {
+                ty,
+                cc,
+                consequent,
+                alternative,
+                dst,
+                ..
+            } => {
+                let size = u8::try_from(ty.bytes()).unwrap();
+                let alternative = pretty_print_reg(alternative.to_reg(), size, allocs);
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), size, allocs);
+                let consequent = pretty_print_reg(consequent.to_reg(), size, allocs);
+                let suffix = match *ty {
+                    types::F64 => "sd",
+                    types::F32 => "ss",
+                    types::F32X4 => "aps",
+                    types::F64X2 => "apd",
+                    _ => "dqa",
+                };
+                let cc = cc.invert();
+                format!(
+                    "mov{suffix} {alternative}, {dst}; \
+                    j{cc} $next; \
+                    mov{suffix} {consequent}, {dst}; \
+                    $next:"
+                )
+            }
+
+            Inst::Push64 { src } => {
+                let src = src.pretty_print(8, allocs);
+                let op = ljustify("pushq".to_string());
+                format!("{op} {src}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::StackProbeLoop {
+                tmp,
+                frame_size,
+                guard_size,
+            } => {
+                let tmp = pretty_print_reg(tmp.to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let op = ljustify("stack_probe_loop".to_string());
+                format!("{op} {tmp}, frame_size={frame_size}, guard_size={guard_size}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::Pop64 { dst } => {
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let op = ljustify("popq".to_string());
+                format!("{op} {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::CallKnown { dest, .. } => {
+                let op = ljustify("call".to_string());
+                format!("{op} {dest:?}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::CallUnknown { dest, .. } => {
+                let dest = dest.pretty_print(8, allocs);
+                let op = ljustify("call".to_string());
+                format!("{op} *{dest}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::ReturnCallKnown { callee, info } => {
+                let ReturnCallInfo { uses } = &**info;
+                let mut s = format!("return_call_known {callee:?}");
+                for ret in uses {
+                    let preg = regs::show_reg(ret.preg);
+                    let vreg = pretty_print_reg(ret.vreg, 8, allocs);
+                    write!(&mut s, " {vreg}={preg}").unwrap();
+                }
+                s
+            }
+
+            Inst::ReturnCallUnknown { callee, info } => {
+                let ReturnCallInfo { uses } = &**info;
+                let callee = callee.pretty_print(8, allocs);
+                let mut s = format!("return_call_unknown {callee}");
+                for ret in uses {
+                    let preg = regs::show_reg(ret.preg);
+                    let vreg = pretty_print_reg(ret.vreg, 8, allocs);
+                    write!(&mut s, " {vreg}={preg}").unwrap();
+                }
+                s
+            }
+
+            Inst::GrowArgumentArea { amount, tmp } => {
+                let amount = *amount;
+                let tmp = pretty_print_reg(tmp.to_reg().to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                format!("grow_argument_area {amount} {tmp}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::ShrinkArgumentArea { amount, tmp } => {
+                let amount = *amount;
+                let tmp = pretty_print_reg(tmp.to_reg().to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                format!("shrink_argument_area {amount} {tmp}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::Args { args } => {
+                let mut s = "args".to_string();
+                for arg in args {
+                    let preg = regs::show_reg(arg.preg);
+                    let def = pretty_print_reg(arg.vreg.to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                    write!(&mut s, " {def}={preg}").unwrap();
+                }
+                s
+            }
+
+            Inst::Rets { rets } => {
+                let mut s = "rets".to_string();
+                for ret in rets {
+                    let preg = regs::show_reg(ret.preg);
+                    let vreg = pretty_print_reg(ret.vreg, 8, allocs);
+                    write!(&mut s, " {vreg}={preg}").unwrap();
+                }
+                s
+            }
+
+            Inst::Ret { stack_bytes_to_pop } => {
+                let mut s = "ret".to_string();
+                if *stack_bytes_to_pop != 0 {
+                    write!(&mut s, " {stack_bytes_to_pop}").unwrap();
+                }
+                s
+            }
+
+            Inst::JmpKnown { dst } => {
+                let op = ljustify("jmp".to_string());
+                let dst = dst.to_string();
+                format!("{op} {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::JmpIf { cc, taken } => {
+                let taken = taken.to_string();
+                let op = ljustify2("j".to_string(), cc.to_string());
+                format!("{op} {taken}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::JmpCond {
+                cc,
+                taken,
+                not_taken,
+            } => {
+                let taken = taken.to_string();
+                let not_taken = not_taken.to_string();
+                let op = ljustify2("j".to_string(), cc.to_string());
+                format!("{op} {taken}; j {not_taken}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::JmpTableSeq {
+                idx, tmp1, tmp2, ..
+            } => {
+                let idx = pretty_print_reg(*idx, 8, allocs);
+                let tmp1 = pretty_print_reg(tmp1.to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let tmp2 = pretty_print_reg(tmp2.to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let op = ljustify("br_table".into());
+                format!("{op} {idx}, {tmp1}, {tmp2}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::JmpUnknown { target } => {
+                let target = target.pretty_print(8, allocs);
+                let op = ljustify("jmp".to_string());
+                format!("{op} *{target}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::TrapIf { cc, trap_code, .. } => {
+                format!("j{cc} #trap={trap_code}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::TrapIfAnd {
+                cc1,
+                cc2,
+                trap_code,
+                ..
+            } => {
+                let cc1 = cc1.invert();
+                let cc2 = cc2.invert();
+                format!("trap_if_and {cc1}, {cc2}, {trap_code}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::TrapIfOr {
+                cc1,
+                cc2,
+                trap_code,
+                ..
+            } => {
+                let cc2 = cc2.invert();
+                format!("trap_if_or {cc1}, {cc2}, {trap_code}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::LoadExtName {
+                dst, name, offset, ..
+            } => {
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let name = name.display(None);
+                let op = ljustify("load_ext_name".into());
+                format!("{op} {name}+{offset}, {dst}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::LockCmpxchg {
+                ty,
+                replacement,
+                expected,
+                mem,
+                dst_old,
+                ..
+            } => {
+                let size = ty.bytes() as u8;
+                let replacement = pretty_print_reg(*replacement, size, allocs);
+                let expected = pretty_print_reg(*expected, size, allocs);
+                let dst_old = pretty_print_reg(dst_old.to_reg(), size, allocs);
+                let mem = mem.pretty_print(size, allocs);
+                let suffix = suffix_bwlq(OperandSize::from_bytes(size as u32));
+                format!(
+                    "lock cmpxchg{suffix} {replacement}, {mem}, expected={expected}, dst_old={dst_old}"
+                )
+            }
+
+            Inst::AtomicRmwSeq { ty, op, .. } => {
+                let ty = ty.bits();
+                format!(
+                    "atomically {{ {ty}_bits_at_[%r9]) {op:?}= %r10; %rax = old_value_at_[%r9]; %r11, %rflags = trash }}"
+                )
+            }
+
+            Inst::Fence { kind } => match kind {
+                FenceKind::MFence => "mfence".to_string(),
+                FenceKind::LFence => "lfence".to_string(),
+                FenceKind::SFence => "sfence".to_string(),
+            },
+
+            Inst::VirtualSPOffsetAdj { offset } => format!("virtual_sp_offset_adjust {offset}"),
+
+            Inst::Hlt => "hlt".into(),
+
+            Inst::Ud2 { trap_code } => format!("ud2 {trap_code}"),
+
+            Inst::ElfTlsGetAddr { ref symbol, dst } => {
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                format!("{dst} = elf_tls_get_addr {symbol:?}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::MachOTlsGetAddr { ref symbol, dst } => {
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                format!("{dst} = macho_tls_get_addr {symbol:?}")
+            }
+
+            Inst::CoffTlsGetAddr {
+                ref symbol,
+                dst,
+                tmp,
+            } => {
+                let dst = pretty_print_reg(dst.to_reg().to_reg(), 8, allocs);
+                let tmp = allocs.next(tmp.to_reg().to_reg());
+
+                let mut s = format!("{dst} = coff_tls_get_addr {symbol:?}");
+                if tmp.is_virtual() {
+                    let tmp = show_ireg_sized(tmp, 8);
+                    write!(&mut s, ", {tmp}").unwrap();
+                };
+
+                s
+            }
+
+            Inst::Unwind { inst } => format!("unwind {inst:?}"),
+
+            Inst::DummyUse { reg } => {
+                let reg = pretty_print_reg(*reg, 8, allocs);
+                format!("dummy_use {reg}")
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl fmt::Debug for Inst {
+    fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        write!(
+            fmt,
+            "{}",
+            self.pretty_print_inst(&[], &mut Default::default())
+        )
+    }
+}
+
+fn x64_get_operands<F: Fn(VReg) -> VReg>(inst: &Inst, collector: &mut OperandCollector<'_, F>) {
+    // FIXME: remove all remaining `mod` operands here to get to pure
+    // SSA.
+
+    // Note: because we need to statically know the indices of each
+    // reg in the operands list in order to fetch its allocation
+    // later, we put the variable-operand-count bits (the RegMem,
+    // RegMemImm, etc args) last. regalloc2 doesn't care what order
+    // the operands come in; they can be freely reordered.
+
+    // N.B.: we MUST keep the below in careful sync with (i) emission,
+    // in `emit.rs`, and (ii) pretty-printing, in the `pretty_print`
+    // method above.
+    match inst {
+        Inst::AluRmiR {
+            src1, src2, dst, ..
+        } => {
+            collector.reg_use(src1.to_reg());
+            collector.reg_reuse_def(dst.to_writable_reg(), 0);
+            src2.get_operands(collector);
+        }
+        Inst::AluConstOp { dst, .. } => collector.reg_def(dst.to_writable_reg()),
+        Inst::AluRM { src1_dst, src2, .. } => {
+            collector.reg_use(src2.to_reg());
+            src1_dst.get_operands(collector);
+        }
+        Inst::AluRmRVex {
+            src1, src2, dst, ..
+        } => {
+            collector.reg_def(dst.to_writable_reg());
+            collector.reg_use(src1.to_reg());
+            src2.get_operands(collector);
+        }
+        Inst::Not { src, dst, .. } => {
+            collector.reg_use(src.to_reg());
+            collector.reg_reuse_def(dst.to_writable_reg(), 0);
+        }
+        Inst::Neg { src, dst, .. } => {
+            collector.reg_use(src.to_reg());
+            collector.reg_reuse_def(dst.to_writable_reg(), 0);
+        }
+        Inst::Div {
+            dividend_lo,
+            dividend_hi,
+            dst_quotient,
+            dst_remainder,
+            ..
+        }
+        | Inst::CheckedSRemSeq {
+            dividend_lo,
+            dividend_hi,
+            dst_quotient,
+            dst_remainder,
+            ..
+        } => {
+            match inst {
+                Inst::Div { divisor, .. } => divisor.get_operands(collector),
+                Inst::CheckedSRemSeq { divisor, .. } => collector.reg_use(divisor.to_reg()),
+                _ => {}
+            }
+            collector.reg_fixed_use(dividend_lo.to_reg(), regs::rax());
+            collector.reg_fixed_use(dividend_hi.to_reg(), regs::rdx());
+            collector.reg_fixed_def(dst_quotient.to_writable_reg(), regs::rax());
+            collector.reg_fixed_def(dst_remainder.to_writable_reg(), regs::rdx());
+        }
+        Inst::Div8 { dividend, dst, .. } | Inst::CheckedSRemSeq8 { dividend, dst, .. } => {
+            match inst {
+                Inst::Div8 { divisor, .. } => divisor.get_operands(collector),
+                Inst::CheckedSRemSeq8 { divisor, .. } => collector.reg_use(divisor.to_reg()),
+                _ => {}
+            }
+            collector.reg_fixed_use(dividend.to_reg(), regs::rax());
+            collector.reg_fixed_def(dst.to_writable_reg(), regs::rax());
+        }
+        Inst::Mul {
+            src1,
+            src2,
+            dst_lo,
+            dst_hi,
+            ..
+        } => {
+            collector.reg_fixed_use(src1.to_reg(), regs::rax());
+            collector.reg_fixed_def(dst_lo.to_writable_reg(), regs::rax());
+            collector.reg_fixed_def(dst_hi.to_writable_reg(), regs::rdx());
+            src2.get_operands(collector);
+        }
+        Inst::Mul8 {
+            src1, src2, dst, ..
+        } => {
+            collector.reg_fixed_use(src1.to_reg(), regs::rax());
+            collector.reg_fixed_def(dst.to_writable_reg(), regs::rax());
+            src2.get_operands(collector);
+        }
+        Inst::IMul {
+            src1, src2, dst, ..
+        } => {
+            collector.reg_use(src1.to_reg());
+            collector.reg_reuse_def(dst.to_writable_reg(), 0);
+            src2.get_operands(collector);
+        }
+        Inst::IMulImm { src1, dst, .. } => {
+            collector.reg_def(dst.to_writable_reg());
+            src1.get_operands(collector);
+        }
+        Inst::SignExtendData { size, src, dst } => {
+            match size {
+                OperandSize::Size8 => {
+                    // Note `rax` on both src and dest: 8->16 extend
+                    // does AL -> AX.
+                    collector.reg_fixed_use(src.to_reg(), regs::rax());
+                    collector.reg_fixed_def(dst.to_writable_reg(), regs::rax());
+                }
+                _ => {
+                    // All other widths do RAX -> RDX (AX -> DX:AX,
+                    // EAX -> EDX:EAX).
+                    collector.reg_fixed_use(src.to_reg(), regs::rax());
+                    collector.reg_fixed_def(dst.to_writable_reg(), regs::rdx());
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        Inst::UnaryRmR { src, dst, .. }
+        | Inst::UnaryRmRVex { src, dst, .. }
+        | Inst::UnaryRmRImmVex { src, dst, .. } => {
+            collector.reg_def(dst.to_writable_reg());
+            src.get_operands(collector);
+        }
+        Inst::XmmUnaryRmR { src, dst, .. } | Inst::XmmUnaryRmRImm { src, dst, .. } => {
+            collector.reg_def(dst.to_writable_reg());
+            src.get_operands(collector);
+        }
+        Inst::XmmUnaryRmREvex { src, dst, .. }
+        | Inst::XmmUnaryRmRImmEvex { src, dst, .. }
+        | Inst::XmmUnaryRmRUnaligned { src, dst, .. }
+        | Inst::XmmUnaryRmRVex { src, dst, .. }
+        | Inst::XmmUnaryRmRImmVex { src, dst, .. } => {
+            collector.reg_def(dst.to_writable_reg());
+            src.get_operands(collector);
+        }
+        Inst::XmmRmR {
+            src1, src2, dst, ..
+        } => {
+            collector.reg_use(src1.to_reg());
+            collector.reg_reuse_def(dst.to_writable_reg(), 0);
+            src2.get_operands(collector);
+        }
+        Inst::XmmRmRUnaligned {
+            src1, src2, dst, ..
+        } => {
+            collector.reg_use(src1.to_reg());
+            collector.reg_reuse_def(dst.to_writable_reg(), 0);
+            src2.get_operands(collector);
+        }
+        Inst::XmmRmRBlend {
+            src1,
+            src2,
+            mask,
+            dst,
+            op,
+        } => {
+            assert!(
+                *op == SseOpcode::Blendvpd
+                    || *op == SseOpcode::Blendvps
+                    || *op == SseOpcode::Pblendvb
+            );
+            collector.reg_use(src1.to_reg());
+            collector.reg_fixed_use(mask.to_reg(), regs::xmm0());
+            collector.reg_reuse_def(dst.to_writable_reg(), 0);
+            src2.get_operands(collector);
+        }
+        Inst::XmmRmiRVex {
+            src1, src2, dst, ..
+        } => {
+            collector.reg_def(dst.to_writable_reg());
+            collector.reg_use(src1.to_reg());
+            src2.get_operands(collector);
+        }
+        Inst::XmmRmRImmVex {
+            src1, src2, dst, ..
+        } => {
+            collector.reg_def(dst.to_writable_reg());
+            collector.reg_use(src1.to_reg());
+            src2.get_operands(collector);
+        }
+        Inst::XmmVexPinsr {
+            src1, src2, dst, ..
+        } => {
+            collector.reg_def(dst.to_writable_reg());
+            collector.reg_use(src1.to_reg());
+            src2.get_operands(collector);
+        }
+        Inst::XmmRmRVex3 {
+            src1,
+            src2,
+            src3,
+            dst,
+            ..
+        } => {
+            collector.reg_use(src1.to_reg());
+            collector.reg_reuse_def(dst.to_writable_reg(), 0);
+            collector.reg_use(src2.to_reg());
+            src3.get_operands(collector);
+        }
+        Inst::XmmRmRBlendVex {
+            src1,
+            src2,
+            mask,
+            dst,
+            ..
+        } => {
+            collector.reg_def(dst.to_writable_reg());
+            collector.reg_use(src1.to_reg());
+            src2.get_operands(collector);
+            collector.reg_use(mask.to_reg());
+        }
+        Inst::XmmRmREvex {
+            op,
+            src1,
+            src2,
+            dst,
+            ..
+        } => {
+            assert_ne!(*op, Avx512Opcode::Vpermi2b);
+            collector.reg_use(src1.to_reg());
+            src2.get_operands(collector);
+            collector.reg_def(dst.to_writable_reg());
+        }
+        Inst::XmmRmREvex3 {
+            op,
+            src1,
+            src2,
+            src3,
+            dst,
+            ..
+        } => {
+            assert_eq!(*op, Avx512Opcode::Vpermi2b);
+            collector.reg_use(src1.to_reg());
+            collector.reg_use(src2.to_reg());
+            src3.get_operands(collector);
+            collector.reg_reuse_def(dst.to_writable_reg(), 0); // Reuse `src1`.
+        }
+        Inst::XmmRmRImm {
+            src1, src2, dst, ..
+        } => {
+            collector.reg_use(*src1);
+            collector.reg_reuse_def(*dst, 0);
+            src2.get_operands(collector);
+        }
+        Inst::XmmUninitializedValue { dst } => collector.reg_def(dst.to_writable_reg()),
+        Inst::XmmMinMaxSeq { lhs, rhs, dst, .. } => {
+            collector.reg_use(rhs.to_reg());
+            collector.reg_use(lhs.to_reg());
+            collector.reg_reuse_def(dst.to_writable_reg(), 0); // Reuse RHS.
+        }
+        Inst::XmmRmiReg {
+            src1, src2, dst, ..
+        } => {
+            collector.reg_use(src1.to_reg());
+            collector.reg_reuse_def(dst.to_writable_reg(), 0); // Reuse RHS.
+            src2.get_operands(collector);
+        }
+        Inst::XmmMovRM { src, dst, .. }
+        | Inst::XmmMovRMVex { src, dst, .. }
+        | Inst::XmmMovRMImm { src, dst, .. }
+        | Inst::XmmMovRMImmVex { src, dst, .. } => {
+            collector.reg_use(src.to_reg());
+            dst.get_operands(collector);
+        }
+        Inst::XmmCmpRmR { src, dst, .. } => {
+            collector.reg_use(dst.to_reg());
+            src.get_operands(collector);
+        }
+        Inst::Imm { dst, .. } => {
+            collector.reg_def(dst.to_writable_reg());
+        }
+        Inst::MovRR { src, dst, .. } => {
+            collector.reg_use(src.to_reg());
+            collector.reg_def(dst.to_writable_reg());
+        }
+        Inst::MovFromPReg { dst, src } => {
+            debug_assert!(dst.to_reg().to_reg().is_virtual());
+            collector.reg_fixed_nonallocatable(*src);
+            collector.reg_def(dst.to_writable_reg());
+        }
+        Inst::MovToPReg { dst, src } => {
+            debug_assert!(src.to_reg().is_virtual());
+            collector.reg_use(src.to_reg());
+            collector.reg_fixed_nonallocatable(*dst);
+        }
+        Inst::XmmToGpr { src, dst, .. }
+        | Inst::XmmToGprVex { src, dst, .. }
+        | Inst::XmmToGprImm { src, dst, .. }
+        | Inst::XmmToGprImmVex { src, dst, .. } => {
+            collector.reg_use(src.to_reg());
+            collector.reg_def(dst.to_writable_reg());
+        }
+        Inst::GprToXmm { src, dst, .. } | Inst::GprToXmmVex { src, dst, .. } => {
+            collector.reg_def(dst.to_writable_reg());
+            src.get_operands(collector);
+        }
+        Inst::CvtIntToFloat {
+            src1, src2, dst, ..
+        } => {
+            collector.reg_use(src1.to_reg());
+            collector.reg_reuse_def(dst.to_writable_reg(), 0);
+            src2.get_operands(collector);
+        }
+        Inst::CvtIntToFloatVex {
+            src1, src2, dst, ..
+        } => {
+            collector.reg_def(dst.to_writable_reg());
+            collector.reg_use(src1.to_reg());
+            src2.get_operands(collector);
+        }
+        Inst::CvtUint64ToFloatSeq {
+            src,
+            dst,
+            tmp_gpr1,
+            tmp_gpr2,
+            ..
+        } => {
+            collector.reg_use(src.to_reg());
+            collector.reg_early_def(dst.to_writable_reg());
+            collector.reg_early_def(tmp_gpr1.to_writable_reg());
+            collector.reg_early_def(tmp_gpr2.to_writable_reg());
+        }
+        Inst::CvtFloatToSintSeq {
+            src,
+            dst,
+            tmp_xmm,
+            tmp_gpr,
+            ..
+        } => {
+            collector.reg_use(src.to_reg());
+            collector.reg_early_def(dst.to_writable_reg());
+            collector.reg_early_def(tmp_gpr.to_writable_reg());
+            collector.reg_early_def(tmp_xmm.to_writable_reg());
+        }
+        Inst::CvtFloatToUintSeq {
+            src,
+            dst,
+            tmp_gpr,
+            tmp_xmm,
+            tmp_xmm2,
+            ..
+        } => {
+            collector.reg_use(src.to_reg());
+            collector.reg_early_def(dst.to_writable_reg());
+            collector.reg_early_def(tmp_gpr.to_writable_reg());
+            collector.reg_early_def(tmp_xmm.to_writable_reg());
+            collector.reg_early_def(tmp_xmm2.to_writable_reg());
+        }
+
+        Inst::MovImmM { dst, .. } => {
+            dst.get_operands(collector);
+        }
+
+        Inst::MovzxRmR { src, dst, .. } => {
+            collector.reg_def(dst.to_writable_reg());
+            src.get_operands(collector);
+        }
+        Inst::Mov64MR { src, dst, .. } => {
+            collector.reg_def(dst.to_writable_reg());
+            src.get_operands(collector);
+        }
+        Inst::LoadEffectiveAddress { addr: src, dst, .. } => {
+            collector.reg_def(dst.to_writable_reg());
+            src.get_operands(collector);
+        }
+        Inst::MovsxRmR { src, dst, .. } => {
+            collector.reg_def(dst.to_writable_reg());
+            src.get_operands(collector);
+        }
+        Inst::MovRM { src, dst, .. } => {
+            collector.reg_use(src.to_reg());
+            dst.get_operands(collector);
+        }
+        Inst::ShiftR {
+            num_bits, src, dst, ..
+        } => {
+            collector.reg_use(src.to_reg());
+            collector.reg_reuse_def(dst.to_writable_reg(), 0);
+            if let Imm8Reg::Reg { reg } = num_bits.clone().to_imm8_reg() {
+                collector.reg_fixed_use(reg, regs::rcx());
+            }
+        }
+        Inst::CmpRmiR { src, dst, .. } => {
+            // N.B.: use, not def (cmp doesn't write its result).
+            collector.reg_use(dst.to_reg());
+            src.get_operands(collector);
+        }
+        Inst::Setcc { dst, .. } => {
+            collector.reg_def(dst.to_writable_reg());
+        }
+        Inst::Bswap { src, dst, .. } => {
+            collector.reg_use(src.to_reg());
+            collector.reg_reuse_def(dst.to_writable_reg(), 0);
+        }
+        Inst::Cmove {
+            consequent,
+            alternative,
+            dst,
+            ..
+        } => {
+            collector.reg_use(alternative.to_reg());
+            collector.reg_reuse_def(dst.to_writable_reg(), 0);
+            consequent.get_operands(collector);
+        }
+        Inst::XmmCmove {
+            consequent,
+            alternative,
+            dst,
+            ..
+        } => {
+            collector.reg_use(alternative.to_reg());
+            collector.reg_reuse_def(dst.to_writable_reg(), 0);
+            collector.reg_use(consequent.to_reg());
+        }
+        Inst::Push64 { src } => {
+            src.get_operands(collector);
+        }
+        Inst::Pop64 { dst } => {
+            collector.reg_def(dst.to_writable_reg());
+        }
+        Inst::StackProbeLoop { tmp, .. } => {
+            collector.reg_early_def(*tmp);
+        }
+
+        Inst::CallKnown { dest, info, .. } => {
+            // Probestack is special and is only inserted after
+            // regalloc, so we do not need to represent its ABI to the
+            // register allocator. Assert that we don't alter that
+            // arrangement.
+            let info = info.as_ref().expect("CallInfo is expected in this path");
+            debug_assert_ne!(*dest, ExternalName::LibCall(LibCall::Probestack));
+            for u in &info.uses {
+                collector.reg_fixed_use(u.vreg, u.preg);
+            }
+            for d in &info.defs {
+                collector.reg_fixed_def(d.vreg, d.preg);
+            }
+            collector.reg_clobbers(info.clobbers);
+        }
+
+        Inst::CallUnknown { info, dest, .. } => {
+            let info = info.as_ref().expect("CallInfo is expected in this path");
+            match dest {
+                RegMem::Reg { reg } if info.callee_conv == CallConv::Winch => {
+                    // TODO(https://github.com/bytecodealliance/regalloc2/issues/145):
+                    // This shouldn't be a fixed register constraint.
+                    collector.reg_fixed_use(*reg, regs::r15())
+                }
+                _ => dest.get_operands(collector),
+            }
+            for u in &info.uses {
+                collector.reg_fixed_use(u.vreg, u.preg);
+            }
+            for d in &info.defs {
+                collector.reg_fixed_def(d.vreg, d.preg);
+            }
+            collector.reg_clobbers(info.clobbers);
+        }
+
+        Inst::ReturnCallKnown { callee, info } => {
+            let ReturnCallInfo { uses } = &**info;
+            // Same as in the `Inst::CallKnown` branch.
+            debug_assert_ne!(*callee, ExternalName::LibCall(LibCall::Probestack));
+            for u in uses {
+                collector.reg_fixed_use(u.vreg, u.preg);
+            }
+        }
+
+        Inst::ReturnCallUnknown { callee, info } => {
+            let ReturnCallInfo { uses } = &**info;
+            callee.get_operands(collector);
+            for u in uses {
+                collector.reg_fixed_use(u.vreg, u.preg);
+            }
+        }
+
+        Inst::GrowArgumentArea { tmp, .. } | Inst::ShrinkArgumentArea { tmp, .. } => {
+            collector.reg_def(tmp.to_writable_reg());
+        }
+
+        Inst::JmpTableSeq {
+            ref idx,
+            ref tmp1,
+            ref tmp2,
+            ..
+        } => {
+            collector.reg_use(*idx);
+            collector.reg_early_def(*tmp1);
+            // In the sequence emitted for this pseudoinstruction in emit.rs,
+            // tmp2 is only written after idx is read, so it doesn't need to be
+            // an early def.
+            collector.reg_def(*tmp2);
+        }
+
+        Inst::JmpUnknown { target } => {
+            target.get_operands(collector);
+        }
+
+        Inst::LoadExtName { dst, .. } => {
+            collector.reg_def(*dst);
+        }
+
+        Inst::LockCmpxchg {
+            replacement,
+            expected,
+            mem,
+            dst_old,
+            ..
+        } => {
+            collector.reg_use(*replacement);
+            collector.reg_fixed_use(*expected, regs::rax());
+            collector.reg_fixed_def(*dst_old, regs::rax());
+            mem.get_operands(collector);
+        }
+
+        Inst::AtomicRmwSeq {
+            operand,
+            temp,
+            dst_old,
+            mem,
+            ..
+        } => {
+            collector.reg_late_use(*operand);
+            collector.reg_early_def(*temp);
+            // This `fixed_def` is needed because `CMPXCHG` always uses this
+            // register implicitly.
+            collector.reg_fixed_def(*dst_old, regs::rax());
+            mem.get_operands_late(collector)
+        }
+
+        Inst::Args { args } => {
+            for arg in args {
+                collector.reg_fixed_def(arg.vreg, arg.preg);
+            }
+        }
+
+        Inst::Rets { rets } => {
+            // The return value(s) are live-out; we represent this
+            // with register uses on the return instruction.
+            for ret in rets.iter() {
+                collector.reg_fixed_use(ret.vreg, ret.preg);
+            }
+        }
+
+        Inst::JmpKnown { .. }
+        | Inst::JmpIf { .. }
+        | Inst::JmpCond { .. }
+        | Inst::Ret { .. }
+        | Inst::Nop { .. }
+        | Inst::TrapIf { .. }
+        | Inst::TrapIfAnd { .. }
+        | Inst::TrapIfOr { .. }
+        | Inst::VirtualSPOffsetAdj { .. }
+        | Inst::Hlt
+        | Inst::Ud2 { .. }
+        | Inst::Fence { .. } => {
+            // No registers are used.
+        }
+
+        Inst::ElfTlsGetAddr { dst, .. } | Inst::MachOTlsGetAddr { dst, .. } => {
+            collector.reg_fixed_def(dst.to_writable_reg(), regs::rax());
+            // All caller-saves are clobbered.
+            //
+            // We use the SysV calling convention here because the
+            // pseudoinstruction (and relocation that it emits) is specific to
+            // ELF systems; other x86-64 targets with other conventions (i.e.,
+            // Windows) use different TLS strategies.
+            let mut clobbers = X64ABIMachineSpec::get_regs_clobbered_by_call(CallConv::SystemV);
+            clobbers.remove(regs::gpr_preg(regs::ENC_RAX));
+            collector.reg_clobbers(clobbers);
+        }
+
+        Inst::CoffTlsGetAddr { dst, tmp, .. } => {
+            // We also use the gs register. But that register is not allocatable by the
+            // register allocator, so we don't need to mark it as used here.
+
+            // We use %rax to set the address
+            collector.reg_fixed_def(dst.to_writable_reg(), regs::rax());
+
+            // We use %rcx as a temporary variable to load the _tls_index
+            collector.reg_fixed_def(tmp.to_writable_reg(), regs::rcx());
+        }
+
+        Inst::Unwind { .. } => {}
+
+        Inst::DummyUse { reg } => {
+            collector.reg_use(*reg);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+//=============================================================================
+// Instructions: misc functions and external interface
+
+impl MachInst for Inst {
+    type ABIMachineSpec = X64ABIMachineSpec;
+
+    fn get_operands<F: Fn(VReg) -> VReg>(&self, collector: &mut OperandCollector<'_, F>) {
+        x64_get_operands(&self, collector)
+    }
+
+    fn is_move(&self) -> Option<(Writable<Reg>, Reg)> {
+        match self {
+            // Note (carefully!) that a 32-bit mov *isn't* a no-op since it zeroes
+            // out the upper 32 bits of the destination.  For example, we could
+            // conceivably use `movl %reg, %reg` to zero out the top 32 bits of
+            // %reg.
+            Self::MovRR { size, src, dst, .. } if *size == OperandSize::Size64 => {
+                Some((dst.to_writable_reg(), src.to_reg()))
+            }
+            // Note as well that MOVS[S|D] when used in the `XmmUnaryRmR` context are pure moves of
+            // scalar floating-point values (and annotate `dst` as `def`s to the register allocator)
+            // whereas the same operation in a packed context, e.g. `XMM_RM_R`, is used to merge a
+            // value into the lowest lane of a vector (not a move).
+            Self::XmmUnaryRmR { op, src, dst, .. }
+                if *op == SseOpcode::Movss
+                    || *op == SseOpcode::Movsd
+                    || *op == SseOpcode::Movaps
+                    || *op == SseOpcode::Movapd
+                    || *op == SseOpcode::Movups
+                    || *op == SseOpcode::Movupd
+                    || *op == SseOpcode::Movdqa
+                    || *op == SseOpcode::Movdqu =>
+            {
+                if let RegMem::Reg { reg } = src.clone().to_reg_mem() {
+                    Some((dst.to_writable_reg(), reg))
+                } else {
+                    None
+                }
+            }
+            _ => None,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn is_included_in_clobbers(&self) -> bool {
+        match self {
+            &Inst::Args { .. } => false,
+            _ => true,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn is_trap(&self) -> bool {
+        match self {
+            Self::Ud2 { .. } => true,
+            _ => false,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn is_args(&self) -> bool {
+        match self {
+            Self::Args { .. } => true,
+            _ => false,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn is_term(&self) -> MachTerminator {
+        match self {
+            // Interesting cases.
+            &Self::Rets { .. } => MachTerminator::Ret,
+            &Self::ReturnCallKnown { .. } | &Self::ReturnCallUnknown { .. } => {
+                MachTerminator::RetCall
+            }
+            &Self::JmpKnown { .. } => MachTerminator::Uncond,
+            &Self::JmpCond { .. } => MachTerminator::Cond,
+            &Self::JmpTableSeq { .. } => MachTerminator::Indirect,
+            // All other cases are boring.
+            _ => MachTerminator::None,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn is_mem_access(&self) -> bool {
+        panic!("TODO FILL ME OUT")
+    }
+
+    fn gen_move(dst_reg: Writable<Reg>, src_reg: Reg, ty: Type) -> Inst {
+        trace!(
+            "Inst::gen_move {:?} -> {:?} (type: {:?})",
+            src_reg,
+            dst_reg.to_reg(),
+            ty
+        );
+        let rc_dst = dst_reg.to_reg().class();
+        let rc_src = src_reg.class();
+        // If this isn't true, we have gone way off the rails.
+        debug_assert!(rc_dst == rc_src);
+        match rc_dst {
+            RegClass::Int => Inst::mov_r_r(OperandSize::Size64, src_reg, dst_reg),
+            RegClass::Float => {
+                // The Intel optimization manual, in "3.5.1.13 Zero-Latency MOV Instructions",
+                // doesn't include MOVSS/MOVSD as instructions with zero-latency. Use movaps for
+                // those, which may write more lanes that we need, but are specified to have
+                // zero-latency.
+                let opcode = match ty {
+                    types::F32 | types::F64 | types::F32X4 => SseOpcode::Movaps,
+                    types::F64X2 => SseOpcode::Movapd,
+                    _ if ty.is_vector() && ty.bits() == 128 => SseOpcode::Movdqa,
+                    _ => unimplemented!("unable to move type: {}", ty),
+                };
+                Inst::xmm_unary_rm_r(opcode, RegMem::reg(src_reg), dst_reg)
+            }
+            RegClass::Vector => unreachable!(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn gen_nop(preferred_size: usize) -> Inst {
+        Inst::nop(std::cmp::min(preferred_size, 15) as u8)
+    }
+
+    fn rc_for_type(ty: Type) -> CodegenResult<(&'static [RegClass], &'static [Type])> {
+        match ty {
+            types::I8 => Ok((&[RegClass::Int], &[types::I8])),
+            types::I16 => Ok((&[RegClass::Int], &[types::I16])),
+            types::I32 => Ok((&[RegClass::Int], &[types::I32])),
+            types::I64 => Ok((&[RegClass::Int], &[types::I64])),
+            types::R32 => panic!("32-bit reftype pointer should never be seen on x86-64"),
+            types::R64 => Ok((&[RegClass::Int], &[types::R64])),
+            types::F32 => Ok((&[RegClass::Float], &[types::F32])),
+            types::F64 => Ok((&[RegClass::Float], &[types::F64])),
+            types::I128 => Ok((&[RegClass::Int, RegClass::Int], &[types::I64, types::I64])),
+            _ if ty.is_vector() => {
+                assert!(ty.bits() <= 128);
+                Ok((&[RegClass::Float], &[types::I8X16]))
+            }
+            _ => Err(CodegenError::Unsupported(format!(
+                "Unexpected SSA-value type: {}",
+                ty
+            ))),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn canonical_type_for_rc(rc: RegClass) -> Type {
+        match rc {
+            RegClass::Float => types::I8X16,
+            RegClass::Int => types::I64,
+            RegClass::Vector => unreachable!(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn gen_jump(label: MachLabel) -> Inst {
+        Inst::jmp_known(label)
+    }
+
+    fn gen_imm_u64(value: u64, dst: Writable<Reg>) -> Option<Self> {
+        Some(Inst::imm(OperandSize::Size64, value, dst))
+    }
+
+    fn gen_imm_f64(value: f64, tmp: Writable<Reg>, dst: Writable<Reg>) -> SmallVec<[Self; 2]> {
+        let imm_to_gpr = Inst::imm(OperandSize::Size64, value.to_bits(), tmp);
+        let gpr_to_xmm = Self::gpr_to_xmm(
+            SseOpcode::Movd,
+            tmp.to_reg().into(),
+            OperandSize::Size64,
+            dst,
+        );
+        smallvec![imm_to_gpr, gpr_to_xmm]
+    }
+
+    fn gen_dummy_use(reg: Reg) -> Self {
+        Inst::DummyUse { reg }
+    }
+
+    fn worst_case_size() -> CodeOffset {
+        15
+    }
+
+    fn ref_type_regclass(_: &settings::Flags) -> RegClass {
+        RegClass::Int
+    }
+
+    fn is_safepoint(&self) -> bool {
+        match self {
+            Inst::CallKnown { .. }
+            | Inst::CallUnknown { .. }
+            | Inst::TrapIf { .. }
+            | Inst::Ud2 { .. } => true,
+            _ => false,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn function_alignment() -> FunctionAlignment {
+        FunctionAlignment {
+            minimum: 1,
+            // Prefer an alignment of 16-bytes to hypothetically get the whole
+            // function into a minimum number of lines.
+            preferred: 16,
+        }
+    }
+
+    type LabelUse = LabelUse;
+
+    const TRAP_OPCODE: &'static [u8] = &[0x0f, 0x0b];
+}
+
+/// Constant state used during emissions of a sequence of instructions.
+pub struct EmitInfo {
+    pub(super) flags: settings::Flags,
+    isa_flags: x64_settings::Flags,
+}
+
+impl EmitInfo {
+    /// Create a constant state for emission of instructions.
+    pub fn new(flags: settings::Flags, isa_flags: x64_settings::Flags) -> Self {
+        Self { flags, isa_flags }
+    }
+}
+
+impl MachInstEmit for Inst {
+    type State = EmitState;
+    type Info = EmitInfo;
+
+    fn emit(
+        &self,
+        allocs: &[Allocation],
+        sink: &mut MachBuffer<Inst>,
+        info: &Self::Info,
+        state: &mut Self::State,
+    ) {
+        let mut allocs = AllocationConsumer::new(allocs);
+        emit::emit(self, &mut allocs, sink, info, state);
+    }
+
+    fn pretty_print_inst(&self, allocs: &[Allocation], _: &mut Self::State) -> String {
+        PrettyPrint::pretty_print(self, 0, &mut AllocationConsumer::new(allocs))
+    }
+}
+
+/// A label-use (internal relocation) in generated code.
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum LabelUse {
+    /// A 32-bit offset from location of relocation itself, added to the existing value at that
+    /// location. Used for control flow instructions which consider an offset from the start of the
+    /// next instruction (so the size of the payload -- 4 bytes -- is subtracted from the payload).
+    JmpRel32,
+
+    /// A 32-bit offset from location of relocation itself, added to the existing value at that
+    /// location.
+    PCRel32,
+}
+
+impl MachInstLabelUse for LabelUse {
+    const ALIGN: CodeOffset = 1;
+
+    fn max_pos_range(self) -> CodeOffset {
+        match self {
+            LabelUse::JmpRel32 | LabelUse::PCRel32 => 0x7fff_ffff,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn max_neg_range(self) -> CodeOffset {
+        match self {
+            LabelUse::JmpRel32 | LabelUse::PCRel32 => 0x8000_0000,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn patch_size(self) -> CodeOffset {
+        match self {
+            LabelUse::JmpRel32 | LabelUse::PCRel32 => 4,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn patch(self, buffer: &mut [u8], use_offset: CodeOffset, label_offset: CodeOffset) {
+        let pc_rel = (label_offset as i64) - (use_offset as i64);
+        debug_assert!(pc_rel <= self.max_pos_range() as i64);
+        debug_assert!(pc_rel >= -(self.max_neg_range() as i64));
+        let pc_rel = pc_rel as u32;
+        match self {
+            LabelUse::JmpRel32 => {
+                let addend = u32::from_le_bytes([buffer[0], buffer[1], buffer[2], buffer[3]]);
+                let value = pc_rel.wrapping_add(addend).wrapping_sub(4);
+                buffer.copy_from_slice(&value.to_le_bytes()[..]);
+            }
+            LabelUse::PCRel32 => {
+                let addend = u32::from_le_bytes([buffer[0], buffer[1], buffer[2], buffer[3]]);
+                let value = pc_rel.wrapping_add(addend);
+                buffer.copy_from_slice(&value.to_le_bytes()[..]);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn supports_veneer(self) -> bool {
+        match self {
+            LabelUse::JmpRel32 | LabelUse::PCRel32 => false,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn veneer_size(self) -> CodeOffset {
+        match self {
+            LabelUse::JmpRel32 | LabelUse::PCRel32 => 0,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn worst_case_veneer_size() -> CodeOffset {
+        0
+    }
+
+    fn generate_veneer(self, _: &mut [u8], _: CodeOffset) -> (CodeOffset, LabelUse) {
+        match self {
+            LabelUse::JmpRel32 | LabelUse::PCRel32 => {
+                panic!("Veneer not supported for JumpRel32 label-use.");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn from_reloc(reloc: Reloc, addend: Addend) -> Option<Self> {
+        match (reloc, addend) {
+            (Reloc::X86CallPCRel4, -4) => Some(LabelUse::JmpRel32),
+            _ => None,
+        }
+    }
+}