wasmtime 19.0.2 → 20.0.0

data/ext/cargo-vendor/wasmtime-environ-20.0.0/src/compile/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,389 @@
+//! A `Compilation` contains the compiled function bodies for a WebAssembly
+//! module.
+
+use crate::{obj, Tunables};
+use crate::{
+    BuiltinFunctionIndex, DefinedFuncIndex, FlagValue, FuncIndex, FunctionBodyData, FunctionLoc,
+    ModuleTranslation, ModuleTypesBuilder, ObjectKind, PrimaryMap, WasmError, WasmFuncType,
+    WasmFunctionInfo,
+};
+use anyhow::Result;
+use object::write::{Object, SymbolId};
+use object::{Architecture, BinaryFormat, FileFlags};
+use std::any::Any;
+use std::borrow::Cow;
+use std::fmt;
+use std::path;
+use std::sync::Arc;
+use thiserror::Error;
+
+mod address_map;
+mod module_artifacts;
+mod trap_encoding;
+
+pub use self::address_map::*;
+pub use self::module_artifacts::*;
+pub use self::trap_encoding::*;
+
+/// An error while compiling WebAssembly to machine code.
+#[derive(Error, Debug)]
+pub enum CompileError {
+    /// A wasm translation error occured.
+    #[error("WebAssembly translation error")]
+    Wasm(#[from] WasmError),
+
+    /// A compilation error occured.
+    #[error("Compilation error: {0}")]
+    Codegen(String),
+
+    /// A compilation error occured.
+    #[error("Debug info is not supported with this configuration")]
+    DebugInfoNotSupported,
+}
+
+/// What relocations can be applied against.
+///
+/// Each wasm function may refer to various other `RelocationTarget` entries.
+#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum RelocationTarget {
+    /// This is a reference to another defined wasm function in the same module.
+    Wasm(FuncIndex),
+    /// This is a reference to a trampoline for a builtin function.
+    Builtin(BuiltinFunctionIndex),
+    /// A compiler-generated libcall.
+    HostLibcall(obj::LibCall),
+}
+
+/// Implementation of an incremental compilation's key/value cache store.
+///
+/// In theory, this could just be Cranelift's `CacheKvStore` trait, but it is not as we want to
+/// make sure that wasmtime isn't too tied to Cranelift internals (and as a matter of fact, we
+/// can't depend on the Cranelift trait here).
+pub trait CacheStore: Send + Sync + std::fmt::Debug {
+    /// Try to retrieve an arbitrary cache key entry, and returns a reference to bytes that were
+    /// inserted via `Self::insert` before.
+    fn get(&self, key: &[u8]) -> Option<Cow<[u8]>>;
+
+    /// Given an arbitrary key and bytes, stores them in the cache.
+    ///
+    /// Returns false when insertion in the cache failed.
+    fn insert(&self, key: &[u8], value: Vec<u8>) -> bool;
+}
+
+/// Abstract trait representing the ability to create a `Compiler` below.
+///
+/// This is used in Wasmtime to separate compiler implementations, currently
+/// mostly used to separate Cranelift from Wasmtime itself.
+pub trait CompilerBuilder: Send + Sync + fmt::Debug {
+    /// Sets the target of compilation to the target specified.
+    fn target(&mut self, target: target_lexicon::Triple) -> Result<()>;
+
+    /// Enables clif output in the directory specified.
+    fn clif_dir(&mut self, _path: &path::Path) -> Result<()> {
+        anyhow::bail!("clif output not supported");
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the currently configured target triple that compilation will
+    /// produce artifacts for.
+    fn triple(&self) -> &target_lexicon::Triple;
+
+    /// Compiler-specific method to configure various settings in the compiler
+    /// itself.
+    ///
+    /// This is expected to be defined per-compiler. Compilers should return
+    /// errors for unknown names/values.
+    fn set(&mut self, name: &str, val: &str) -> Result<()>;
+
+    /// Compiler-specific method for configuring settings.
+    ///
+    /// Same as [`CompilerBuilder::set`] except for enabling boolean flags.
+    /// Currently cranelift uses this to sometimes enable a family of settings.
+    fn enable(&mut self, name: &str) -> Result<()>;
+
+    /// Returns a list of all possible settings that can be configured with
+    /// [`CompilerBuilder::set`] and [`CompilerBuilder::enable`].
+    fn settings(&self) -> Vec<Setting>;
+
+    /// Enables Cranelift's incremental compilation cache, using the given `CacheStore`
+    /// implementation.
+    ///
+    /// This will return an error if the compiler does not support incremental compilation.
+    fn enable_incremental_compilation(&mut self, cache_store: Arc<dyn CacheStore>) -> Result<()>;
+
+    /// Set the tunables for this compiler.
+    fn set_tunables(&mut self, tunables: Tunables) -> Result<()>;
+
+    /// Builds a new [`Compiler`] object from this configuration.
+    fn build(&self) -> Result<Box<dyn Compiler>>;
+
+    /// Enables or disables wmemcheck during runtime according to the wmemcheck CLI flag.
+    fn wmemcheck(&mut self, _enable: bool) {}
+}
+
+/// Description of compiler settings returned by [`CompilerBuilder::settings`].
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
+pub struct Setting {
+    /// The name of the setting.
+    pub name: &'static str,
+    /// The description of the setting.
+    pub description: &'static str,
+    /// The kind of the setting.
+    pub kind: SettingKind,
+    /// The supported values of the setting (for enum values).
+    pub values: Option<&'static [&'static str]>,
+}
+
+/// Different kinds of [`Setting`] values that can be configured in a
+/// [`CompilerBuilder`]
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
+pub enum SettingKind {
+    /// The setting is an enumeration, meaning it's one of a set of values.
+    Enum,
+    /// The setting is a number.
+    Num,
+    /// The setting is a boolean.
+    Bool,
+    /// The setting is a preset.
+    Preset,
+}
+
+/// An implementation of a compiler which can compile WebAssembly functions to
+/// machine code and perform other miscellaneous tasks needed by the JIT runtime.
+pub trait Compiler: Send + Sync {
+    /// Compiles the function `index` within `translation`.
+    ///
+    /// The body of the function is available in `data` and configuration
+    /// values are also passed in via `tunables`. Type information in
+    /// `translation` is all relative to `types`.
+    ///
+    /// This function returns a tuple:
+    ///
+    /// 1. Metadata about the wasm function itself.
+    /// 2. The function itself, as an `Any` to get downcasted later when passed
+    ///    to `append_code`.
+    fn compile_function(
+        &self,
+        translation: &ModuleTranslation<'_>,
+        index: DefinedFuncIndex,
+        data: FunctionBodyData<'_>,
+        types: &ModuleTypesBuilder,
+    ) -> Result<(WasmFunctionInfo, Box<dyn Any + Send>), CompileError>;
+
+    /// Compile a trampoline for an array-call host function caller calling the
+    /// `index`th Wasm function.
+    ///
+    /// The trampoline should save the necessary state to record the
+    /// host-to-Wasm transition (e.g. registers used for fast stack walking).
+    fn compile_array_to_wasm_trampoline(
+        &self,
+        translation: &ModuleTranslation<'_>,
+        types: &ModuleTypesBuilder,
+        index: DefinedFuncIndex,
+    ) -> Result<Box<dyn Any + Send>, CompileError>;
+
+    /// Compile a trampoline for a native-call host function caller calling the
+    /// `index`th Wasm function.
+    ///
+    /// The trampoline should save the necessary state to record the
+    /// host-to-Wasm transition (e.g. registers used for fast stack walking).
+    fn compile_native_to_wasm_trampoline(
+        &self,
+        translation: &ModuleTranslation<'_>,
+        types: &ModuleTypesBuilder,
+        index: DefinedFuncIndex,
+    ) -> Result<Box<dyn Any + Send>, CompileError>;
+
+    /// Compile a trampoline for a Wasm caller calling a native callee with the
+    /// given signature.
+    ///
+    /// The trampoline should save the necessary state to record the
+    /// Wasm-to-host transition (e.g. registers used for fast stack walking).
+    fn compile_wasm_to_native_trampoline(
+        &self,
+        wasm_func_ty: &WasmFuncType,
+    ) -> Result<Box<dyn Any + Send>, CompileError>;
+
+    /// Creates a tramopline that can be used to call Wasmtime's implementation
+    /// of the builtin function specified by `index`.
+    ///
+    /// The trampoline created can technically have any ABI but currently has
+    /// the native ABI. This will then perform all the necessary duties of an
+    /// exit trampoline from wasm and then perform the actual dispatch to the
+    /// builtin function. Builtin functions in Wasmtime are stored in an array
+    /// in all `VMContext` pointers, so the call to the host is an indirect
+    /// call.
+    fn compile_wasm_to_builtin(
+        &self,
+        index: BuiltinFunctionIndex,
+    ) -> Result<Box<dyn Any + Send>, CompileError>;
+
+    /// Returns the list of relocations required for a function from one of the
+    /// previous `compile_*` functions above.
+    fn compiled_function_relocation_targets<'a>(
+        &'a self,
+        func: &'a dyn Any,
+    ) -> Box<dyn Iterator<Item = RelocationTarget> + 'a>;
+
+    /// Appends a list of compiled functions to an in-memory object.
+    ///
+    /// This function will receive the same `Box<dyn Any>` produced as part of
+    /// compilation from functions like `compile_function`,
+    /// `compile_host_to_wasm_trampoline`, and other component-related shims.
+    /// Internally this will take all of these functions and add information to
+    /// the object such as:
+    ///
+    /// * Compiled code in a `.text` section
+    /// * Unwind information in Wasmtime-specific sections
+    /// * Relocations, if necessary, for the text section
+    ///
+    /// Each function is accompanied with its desired symbol name and the return
+    /// value of this function is the symbol for each function as well as where
+    /// each function was placed within the object.
+    ///
+    /// The `resolve_reloc` argument is intended to resolving relocations
+    /// between function, chiefly resolving intra-module calls within one core
+    /// wasm module. The closure here takes two arguments:
+    ///
+    /// 1. First, the index within `funcs` that is being resolved,
+    ///
+    /// 2. and next the `RelocationTarget` which is the relocation target to
+    /// resolve.
+    ///
+    /// The return value is an index within `funcs` that the relocation points
+    /// to.
+    fn append_code(
+        &self,
+        obj: &mut Object<'static>,
+        funcs: &[(String, Box<dyn Any + Send>)],
+        resolve_reloc: &dyn Fn(usize, RelocationTarget) -> usize,
+    ) -> Result<Vec<(SymbolId, FunctionLoc)>>;
+
+    /// Inserts two trampolines into `obj` for a array-call host function:
+    ///
+    /// 1. A wasm-call trampoline: A trampoline that takes arguments in their
+    ///    wasm-call locations, moves them to their array-call locations, calls
+    ///    the array-call host function, and finally moves the return values
+    ///    from the array-call locations to the wasm-call return
+    ///    locations. Additionally, this trampoline manages the wasm-to-host
+    ///    state transition for the runtime.
+    ///
+    /// 2. A native-call trampoline: A trampoline that takes arguments in their
+    ///    native-call locations, moves them to their array-call locations,
+    ///    calls the array-call host function, and finally moves the return
+    ///    values from the array-call locations to the native-call return
+    ///    locations. Does not need to manage any wasm/host state transitions,
+    ///    since both caller and callee are on the host side.
+    ///
+    /// This will configure the same sections as `append_code`, but will likely
+    /// be much smaller.
+    ///
+    /// The two returned `FunctionLoc` structures describe where to find these
+    /// trampolines in the text section, respectively.
+    ///
+    /// These trampolines are only valid for in-process JIT usage. They bake in
+    /// the function pointer to the host code.
+    fn emit_trampolines_for_array_call_host_func(
+        &self,
+        ty: &WasmFuncType,
+        // Actually `host_fn: VMArrayCallFunction` but that type is not
+        // available in `wasmtime-environ`.
+        host_fn: usize,
+        obj: &mut Object<'static>,
+    ) -> Result<(FunctionLoc, FunctionLoc)>;
+
+    /// Creates a new `Object` file which is used to build the results of a
+    /// compilation into.
+    ///
+    /// The returned object file will have an appropriate
+    /// architecture/endianness for `self.triple()`, but at this time it is
+    /// always an ELF file, regardless of target platform.
+    fn object(&self, kind: ObjectKind) -> Result<Object<'static>> {
+        use target_lexicon::Architecture::*;
+
+        let triple = self.triple();
+        let mut obj = Object::new(
+            BinaryFormat::Elf,
+            match triple.architecture {
+                X86_32(_) => Architecture::I386,
+                X86_64 => Architecture::X86_64,
+                Arm(_) => Architecture::Arm,
+                Aarch64(_) => Architecture::Aarch64,
+                S390x => Architecture::S390x,
+                Riscv64(_) => Architecture::Riscv64,
+                architecture => {
+                    anyhow::bail!("target architecture {:?} is unsupported", architecture,);
+                }
+            },
+            match triple.endianness().unwrap() {
+                target_lexicon::Endianness::Little => object::Endianness::Little,
+                target_lexicon::Endianness::Big => object::Endianness::Big,
+            },
+        );
+        obj.flags = FileFlags::Elf {
+            os_abi: obj::ELFOSABI_WASMTIME,
+            e_flags: match kind {
+                ObjectKind::Module => obj::EF_WASMTIME_MODULE,
+                ObjectKind::Component => obj::EF_WASMTIME_COMPONENT,
+            },
+            abi_version: 0,
+        };
+        Ok(obj)
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the target triple that this compiler is compiling for.
+    fn triple(&self) -> &target_lexicon::Triple;
+
+    /// Returns the alignment necessary to align values to the page size of the
+    /// compilation target. Note that this may be an upper-bound where the
+    /// alignment is larger than necessary for some platforms since it may
+    /// depend on the platform's runtime configuration.
+    fn page_size_align(&self) -> u64 {
+        use target_lexicon::*;
+        match (self.triple().operating_system, self.triple().architecture) {
+            (
+                OperatingSystem::MacOSX { .. }
+                | OperatingSystem::Darwin
+                | OperatingSystem::Ios
+                | OperatingSystem::Tvos,
+                Architecture::Aarch64(..),
+            ) => 0x4000,
+            // 64 KB is the maximal page size (i.e. memory translation granule size)
+            // supported by the architecture and is used on some platforms.
+            (_, Architecture::Aarch64(..)) => 0x10000,
+            _ => 0x1000,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Returns a list of configured settings for this compiler.
+    fn flags(&self) -> Vec<(&'static str, FlagValue<'static>)>;
+
+    /// Same as [`Compiler::flags`], but ISA-specific (a cranelift-ism)
+    fn isa_flags(&self) -> Vec<(&'static str, FlagValue<'static>)>;
+
+    /// Get a flag indicating whether branch protection is enabled.
+    fn is_branch_protection_enabled(&self) -> bool;
+
+    /// Returns a suitable compiler usable for component-related compliations.
+    ///
+    /// Note that the `ComponentCompiler` trait can also be implemented for
+    /// `Self` in which case this function would simply return `self`.
+    #[cfg(feature = "component-model")]
+    fn component_compiler(&self) -> &dyn crate::component::ComponentCompiler;
+
+    /// Appends generated DWARF sections to the `obj` specified for the compiled
+    /// functions.
+    fn append_dwarf(
+        &self,
+        obj: &mut Object<'_>,
+        translation: &ModuleTranslation<'_>,
+        funcs: &PrimaryMap<DefinedFuncIndex, (SymbolId, &(dyn Any + Send))>,
+    ) -> Result<()>;
+
+    /// Creates a new System V Common Information Entry for the ISA.
+    ///
+    /// Returns `None` if the ISA does not support System V unwind information.
+    fn create_systemv_cie(&self) -> Option<gimli::write::CommonInformationEntry> {
+        // By default, an ISA cannot create a System V CIE.
+        None
+    }
+}

data/ext/cargo-vendor/wasmtime-environ-20.0.0/src/compile/module_artifacts.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,300 @@
+//! Definitions of runtime structures and metadata which are serialized into ELF
+//! with `bincode` as part of a module's compilation process.
+
+use crate::{
+    obj, CompiledFunctionInfo, CompiledModuleInfo, DefinedFuncIndex, FunctionLoc, FunctionName,
+    MemoryInitialization, Metadata, ModuleTranslation, PrimaryMap, Tunables,
+};
+use anyhow::{bail, Result};
+use object::write::{Object, SectionId, StandardSegment, WritableBuffer};
+use object::SectionKind;
+use std::ops::Range;
+use wasmtime_types::ModuleInternedTypeIndex;
+
+/// Helper structure to create an ELF file as a compilation artifact.
+///
+/// This structure exposes the process which Wasmtime will encode a core wasm
+/// module into an ELF file, notably managing data sections and all that good
+/// business going into the final file.
+pub struct ObjectBuilder<'a> {
+    /// The `object`-crate-defined ELF file write we're using.
+    obj: Object<'a>,
+
+    /// General compilation configuration.
+    tunables: &'a Tunables,
+
+    /// The section identifier for "rodata" which is where wasm data segments
+    /// will go.
+    data: SectionId,
+
+    /// The section identifier for function name information, or otherwise where
+    /// the `name` custom section of wasm is copied into.
+    ///
+    /// This is optional and lazily created on demand.
+    names: Option<SectionId>,
+
+    /// The section identifier for dwarf information copied from the original
+    /// wasm files.
+    ///
+    /// This is optional and lazily created on demand.
+    dwarf: Option<SectionId>,
+}
+
+impl<'a> ObjectBuilder<'a> {
+    /// Creates a new builder for the `obj` specified.
+    pub fn new(mut obj: Object<'a>, tunables: &'a Tunables) -> ObjectBuilder<'a> {
+        let data = obj.add_section(
+            obj.segment_name(StandardSegment::Data).to_vec(),
+            obj::ELF_WASM_DATA.as_bytes().to_vec(),
+            SectionKind::ReadOnlyData,
+        );
+        ObjectBuilder {
+            obj,
+            tunables,
+            data,
+            names: None,
+            dwarf: None,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Completes compilation of the `translation` specified, inserting
+    /// everything necessary into the `Object` being built.
+    ///
+    /// This function will consume the final results of compiling a wasm module
+    /// and finish the ELF image in-progress as part of `self.obj` by appending
+    /// any compiler-agnostic sections.
+    ///
+    /// The auxiliary `CompiledModuleInfo` structure returned here has also been
+    /// serialized into the object returned, but if the caller will quickly
+    /// turn-around and invoke `CompiledModule::from_artifacts` after this then
+    /// the information can be passed to that method to avoid extra
+    /// deserialization. This is done to avoid a serialize-then-deserialize for
+    /// API calls like `Module::new` where the compiled module is immediately
+    /// going to be used.
+    ///
+    /// The various arguments here are:
+    ///
+    /// * `translation` - the core wasm translation that's being completed.
+    ///
+    /// * `funcs` - compilation metadata about functions within the translation
+    ///   as well as where the functions are located in the text section and any
+    ///   associated trampolines.
+    ///
+    /// * `wasm_to_native_trampolines` - list of all trampolines necessary for
+    ///   Wasm callers calling native callees (e.g. `Func::wrap`). One for each
+    ///   function signature in the module. Must be sorted by `SignatureIndex`.
+    ///
+    /// Returns the `CompiledModuleInfo` corresponding to this core Wasm module
+    /// as a result of this append operation. This is then serialized into the
+    /// final artifact by the caller.
+    pub fn append(
+        &mut self,
+        translation: ModuleTranslation<'_>,
+        funcs: PrimaryMap<DefinedFuncIndex, CompiledFunctionInfo>,
+        wasm_to_native_trampolines: Vec<(ModuleInternedTypeIndex, FunctionLoc)>,
+    ) -> Result<CompiledModuleInfo> {
+        let ModuleTranslation {
+            mut module,
+            debuginfo,
+            has_unparsed_debuginfo,
+            data,
+            data_align,
+            passive_data,
+            ..
+        } = translation;
+
+        // Place all data from the wasm module into a section which will the
+        // source of the data later at runtime. This additionally keeps track of
+        // the offset of
+        let mut total_data_len = 0;
+        let data_offset = self
+            .obj
+            .append_section_data(self.data, &[], data_align.unwrap_or(1));
+        for (i, data) in data.iter().enumerate() {
+            // The first data segment has its alignment specified as the alignment
+            // for the entire section, but everything afterwards is adjacent so it
+            // has alignment of 1.
+            let align = if i == 0 { data_align.unwrap_or(1) } else { 1 };
+            self.obj.append_section_data(self.data, data, align);
+            total_data_len += data.len();
+        }
+        for data in passive_data.iter() {
+            self.obj.append_section_data(self.data, data, 1);
+        }
+
+        // If any names are present in the module then the `ELF_NAME_DATA` section
+        // is create and appended.
+        let mut func_names = Vec::new();
+        if debuginfo.name_section.func_names.len() > 0 {
+            let name_id = *self.names.get_or_insert_with(|| {
+                self.obj.add_section(
+                    self.obj.segment_name(StandardSegment::Data).to_vec(),
+                    obj::ELF_NAME_DATA.as_bytes().to_vec(),
+                    SectionKind::ReadOnlyData,
+                )
+            });
+            let mut sorted_names = debuginfo.name_section.func_names.iter().collect::<Vec<_>>();
+            sorted_names.sort_by_key(|(idx, _name)| *idx);
+            for (idx, name) in sorted_names {
+                let offset = self.obj.append_section_data(name_id, name.as_bytes(), 1);
+                let offset = match u32::try_from(offset) {
+                    Ok(offset) => offset,
+                    Err(_) => bail!("name section too large (> 4gb)"),
+                };
+                let len = u32::try_from(name.len()).unwrap();
+                func_names.push(FunctionName {
+                    idx: *idx,
+                    offset,
+                    len,
+                });
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Data offsets in `MemoryInitialization` are offsets within the
+        // `translation.data` list concatenated which is now present in the data
+        // segment that's appended to the object. Increase the offsets by
+        // `self.data_size` to account for any previously added module.
+        let data_offset = u32::try_from(data_offset).unwrap();
+        match &mut module.memory_initialization {
+            MemoryInitialization::Segmented(list) => {
+                for segment in list {
+                    segment.data.start = segment.data.start.checked_add(data_offset).unwrap();
+                    segment.data.end = segment.data.end.checked_add(data_offset).unwrap();
+                }
+            }
+            MemoryInitialization::Static { map } => {
+                for (_, segment) in map {
+                    if let Some(segment) = segment {
+                        segment.data.start = segment.data.start.checked_add(data_offset).unwrap();
+                        segment.data.end = segment.data.end.checked_add(data_offset).unwrap();
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Data offsets for passive data are relative to the start of
+        // `translation.passive_data` which was appended to the data segment
+        // of this object, after active data in `translation.data`. Update the
+        // offsets to account prior modules added in addition to active data.
+        let data_offset = data_offset + u32::try_from(total_data_len).unwrap();
+        for (_, range) in module.passive_data_map.iter_mut() {
+            range.start = range.start.checked_add(data_offset).unwrap();
+            range.end = range.end.checked_add(data_offset).unwrap();
+        }
+
+        // Insert the wasm raw wasm-based debuginfo into the output, if
+        // requested. Note that this is distinct from the native debuginfo
+        // possibly generated by the native compiler, hence these sections
+        // getting wasm-specific names.
+        let mut dwarf = Vec::new();
+        if self.tunables.parse_wasm_debuginfo {
+            self.push_debug(&mut dwarf, &debuginfo.dwarf.debug_abbrev);
+            self.push_debug(&mut dwarf, &debuginfo.dwarf.debug_addr);
+            self.push_debug(&mut dwarf, &debuginfo.dwarf.debug_aranges);
+            self.push_debug(&mut dwarf, &debuginfo.dwarf.debug_info);
+            self.push_debug(&mut dwarf, &debuginfo.dwarf.debug_line);
+            self.push_debug(&mut dwarf, &debuginfo.dwarf.debug_line_str);
+            self.push_debug(&mut dwarf, &debuginfo.dwarf.debug_str);
+            self.push_debug(&mut dwarf, &debuginfo.dwarf.debug_str_offsets);
+            self.push_debug(&mut dwarf, &debuginfo.debug_ranges);
+            self.push_debug(&mut dwarf, &debuginfo.debug_rnglists);
+        }
+        // Sort this for binary-search-lookup later in `symbolize_context`.
+        dwarf.sort_by_key(|(id, _)| *id);
+
+        Ok(CompiledModuleInfo {
+            module,
+            funcs,
+            wasm_to_native_trampolines,
+            func_names,
+            meta: Metadata {
+                native_debug_info_present: self.tunables.generate_native_debuginfo,
+                has_unparsed_debuginfo,
+                code_section_offset: debuginfo.wasm_file.code_section_offset,
+                has_wasm_debuginfo: self.tunables.parse_wasm_debuginfo,
+                dwarf,
+            },
+        })
+    }
+
+    fn push_debug<'b, T>(&mut self, dwarf: &mut Vec<(u8, Range<u64>)>, section: &T)
+    where
+        T: gimli::Section<gimli::EndianSlice<'b, gimli::LittleEndian>>,
+    {
+        let data = section.reader().slice();
+        if data.is_empty() {
+            return;
+        }
+        let section_id = *self.dwarf.get_or_insert_with(|| {
+            self.obj.add_section(
+                self.obj.segment_name(StandardSegment::Debug).to_vec(),
+                obj::ELF_WASMTIME_DWARF.as_bytes().to_vec(),
+                SectionKind::Debug,
+            )
+        });
+        let offset = self.obj.append_section_data(section_id, data, 1);
+        dwarf.push((T::id() as u8, offset..offset + data.len() as u64));
+    }
+
+    /// Creates the `ELF_WASMTIME_INFO` section from the given serializable data
+    /// structure.
+    pub fn serialize_info<T>(&mut self, info: &T)
+    where
+        T: serde::Serialize,
+    {
+        let section = self.obj.add_section(
+            self.obj.segment_name(StandardSegment::Data).to_vec(),
+            obj::ELF_WASMTIME_INFO.as_bytes().to_vec(),
+            SectionKind::ReadOnlyData,
+        );
+        let data = bincode::serialize(info).unwrap();
+        self.obj.set_section_data(section, data, 1);
+    }
+
+    /// Serializes `self` into a buffer. This can be used for execution as well
+    /// as serialization.
+    pub fn finish<T: WritableBuffer>(self, t: &mut T) -> Result<()> {
+        self.obj.emit(t).map_err(|e| e.into())
+    }
+}
+
+/// A type which can be the result of serializing an object.
+pub trait FinishedObject: Sized {
+    /// Emit the object as `Self`.
+    fn finish_object(obj: ObjectBuilder<'_>) -> Result<Self>;
+}
+
+impl FinishedObject for Vec<u8> {
+    fn finish_object(obj: ObjectBuilder<'_>) -> Result<Self> {
+        let mut result = ObjectVec::default();
+        obj.finish(&mut result)?;
+        return Ok(result.0);
+
+        #[derive(Default)]
+        struct ObjectVec(Vec<u8>);
+
+        impl WritableBuffer for ObjectVec {
+            fn len(&self) -> usize {
+                self.0.len()
+            }
+
+            fn reserve(&mut self, additional: usize) -> Result<(), ()> {
+                assert_eq!(self.0.len(), 0, "cannot reserve twice");
+                self.0 = Vec::with_capacity(additional);
+                Ok(())
+            }
+
+            fn resize(&mut self, new_len: usize) {
+                if new_len <= self.0.len() {
+                    self.0.truncate(new_len)
+                } else {
+                    self.0.extend(vec![0; new_len - self.0.len()])
+                }
+            }
+
+            fn write_bytes(&mut self, val: &[u8]) {
+                self.0.extend(val);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}