wasmtime 12.0.1 → 13.0.0

data/ext/cargo-vendor/wasmtime-runtime-12.0.1/src/memory.rs

@@ -1,958 +0,0 @@
-//! Memory management for linear memories.
-//!
-//! `RuntimeLinearMemory` is to WebAssembly linear memories what `Table` is to WebAssembly tables.
-
-use crate::mmap::Mmap;
-use crate::parking_spot::ParkingSpot;
-use crate::vmcontext::VMMemoryDefinition;
-use crate::{MemoryImage, MemoryImageSlot, SendSyncPtr, Store, WaitResult};
-use anyhow::Error;
-use anyhow::{bail, format_err, Result};
-use std::convert::TryFrom;
-use std::ops::Range;
-use std::ptr::NonNull;
-use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicU32, AtomicU64, Ordering};
-use std::sync::{Arc, RwLock};
-use std::time::Instant;
-use wasmtime_environ::{MemoryPlan, MemoryStyle, Trap, WASM32_MAX_PAGES, WASM64_MAX_PAGES};
-
-const WASM_PAGE_SIZE: usize = wasmtime_environ::WASM_PAGE_SIZE as usize;
-const WASM_PAGE_SIZE_U64: u64 = wasmtime_environ::WASM_PAGE_SIZE as u64;
-
-/// A memory allocator
-pub trait RuntimeMemoryCreator: Send + Sync {
-    /// Create new RuntimeLinearMemory
-    fn new_memory(
-        &self,
-        plan: &MemoryPlan,
-        minimum: usize,
-        maximum: Option<usize>,
-        // Optionally, a memory image for CoW backing.
-        memory_image: Option<&Arc<MemoryImage>>,
-    ) -> Result<Box<dyn RuntimeLinearMemory>>;
-}
-
-/// A default memory allocator used by Wasmtime
-pub struct DefaultMemoryCreator;
-
-impl RuntimeMemoryCreator for DefaultMemoryCreator {
-    /// Create new MmapMemory
-    fn new_memory(
-        &self,
-        plan: &MemoryPlan,
-        minimum: usize,
-        maximum: Option<usize>,
-        memory_image: Option<&Arc<MemoryImage>>,
-    ) -> Result<Box<dyn RuntimeLinearMemory>> {
-        Ok(Box::new(MmapMemory::new(
-            plan,
-            minimum,
-            maximum,
-            memory_image,
-        )?))
-    }
-}
-
-/// A linear memory
-pub trait RuntimeLinearMemory: Send + Sync {
-    /// Returns the number of allocated bytes.
-    fn byte_size(&self) -> usize;
-
-    /// Returns the maximum number of bytes the memory can grow to.
-    /// Returns `None` if the memory is unbounded.
-    fn maximum_byte_size(&self) -> Option<usize>;
-
-    /// Grows a memory by `delta_pages`.
-    ///
-    /// This performs the necessary checks on the growth before delegating to
-    /// the underlying `grow_to` implementation. A default implementation of
-    /// this memory is provided here since this is assumed to be the same for
-    /// most kinds of memory; one exception is shared memory, which must perform
-    /// all the steps of the default implementation *plus* the required locking.
-    ///
-    /// The `store` is used only for error reporting.
-    fn grow(
-        &mut self,
-        delta_pages: u64,
-        mut store: Option<&mut dyn Store>,
-    ) -> Result<Option<(usize, usize)>, Error> {
-        let old_byte_size = self.byte_size();
-
-        // Wasm spec: when growing by 0 pages, always return the current size.
-        if delta_pages == 0 {
-            return Ok(Some((old_byte_size, old_byte_size)));
-        }
-
-        // The largest wasm-page-aligned region of memory is possible to
-        // represent in a `usize`. This will be impossible for the system to
-        // actually allocate.
-        let absolute_max = 0usize.wrapping_sub(WASM_PAGE_SIZE);
-
-        // Calculate the byte size of the new allocation. Let it overflow up to
-        // `usize::MAX`, then clamp it down to `absolute_max`.
-        let new_byte_size = usize::try_from(delta_pages)
-            .unwrap_or(usize::MAX)
-            .saturating_mul(WASM_PAGE_SIZE)
-            .saturating_add(old_byte_size);
-        let new_byte_size = if new_byte_size > absolute_max {
-            absolute_max
-        } else {
-            new_byte_size
-        };
-
-        let maximum = self.maximum_byte_size();
-        // Store limiter gets first chance to reject memory_growing.
-        if let Some(store) = &mut store {
-            if !store.memory_growing(old_byte_size, new_byte_size, maximum)? {
-                return Ok(None);
-            }
-        }
-
-        // Never exceed maximum, even if limiter permitted it.
-        if let Some(max) = maximum {
-            if new_byte_size > max {
-                if let Some(store) = store {
-                    // FIXME: shared memories may not have an associated store
-                    // to report the growth failure to but the error should not
-                    // be dropped
-                    // (https://github.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/issues/4240).
-                    store.memory_grow_failed(&format_err!("Memory maximum size exceeded"));
-                }
-                return Ok(None);
-            }
-        }
-
-        match self.grow_to(new_byte_size) {
-            Ok(_) => Ok(Some((old_byte_size, new_byte_size))),
-            Err(e) => {
-                // FIXME: shared memories may not have an associated store to
-                // report the growth failure to but the error should not be
-                // dropped
-                // (https://github.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/issues/4240).
-                if let Some(store) = store {
-                    store.memory_grow_failed(&e);
-                }
-                Ok(None)
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// Grow memory to the specified amount of bytes.
-    ///
-    /// Returns an error if memory can't be grown by the specified amount
-    /// of bytes.
-    fn grow_to(&mut self, size: usize) -> Result<()>;
-
-    /// Return a `VMMemoryDefinition` for exposing the memory to compiled wasm
-    /// code.
-    fn vmmemory(&mut self) -> VMMemoryDefinition;
-
-    /// Does this memory need initialization? It may not if it already
-    /// has initial contents courtesy of the `MemoryImage` passed to
-    /// `RuntimeMemoryCreator::new_memory()`.
-    fn needs_init(&self) -> bool;
-
-    /// Used for optional dynamic downcasting.
-    fn as_any_mut(&mut self) -> &mut dyn std::any::Any;
-
-    /// Returns the range of addresses that may be reached by WebAssembly.
-    ///
-    /// This starts at the base of linear memory and ends at the end of the
-    /// guard pages, if any.
-    fn wasm_accessible(&self) -> Range<usize>;
-}
-
-/// A linear memory instance.
-#[derive(Debug)]
-pub struct MmapMemory {
-    // The underlying allocation.
-    mmap: Mmap,
-
-    // The number of bytes that are accessible in `mmap` and available for
-    // reading and writing.
-    //
-    // This region starts at `pre_guard_size` offset from the base of `mmap`.
-    accessible: usize,
-
-    // The optional maximum accessible size, in bytes, for this linear memory.
-    //
-    // Note that this maximum does not factor in guard pages, so this isn't the
-    // maximum size of the linear address space reservation for this memory.
-    maximum: Option<usize>,
-
-    // The amount of extra bytes to reserve whenever memory grows. This is
-    // specified so that the cost of repeated growth is amortized.
-    extra_to_reserve_on_growth: usize,
-
-    // Size in bytes of extra guard pages before the start and after the end to
-    // optimize loads and stores with constant offsets.
-    pre_guard_size: usize,
-    offset_guard_size: usize,
-
-    // An optional CoW mapping that provides the initial content of this
-    // MmapMemory, if mapped.
-    memory_image: Option<MemoryImageSlot>,
-}
-
-impl MmapMemory {
-    /// Create a new linear memory instance with specified minimum and maximum
-    /// number of wasm pages.
-    pub fn new(
-        plan: &MemoryPlan,
-        minimum: usize,
-        mut maximum: Option<usize>,
-        memory_image: Option<&Arc<MemoryImage>>,
-    ) -> Result<Self> {
-        // It's a programmer error for these two configuration values to exceed
-        // the host available address space, so panic if such a configuration is
-        // found (mostly an issue for hypothetical 32-bit hosts).
-        let offset_guard_bytes = usize::try_from(plan.offset_guard_size).unwrap();
-        let pre_guard_bytes = usize::try_from(plan.pre_guard_size).unwrap();
-
-        let (alloc_bytes, extra_to_reserve_on_growth) = match plan.style {
-            // Dynamic memories start with the minimum size plus the `reserve`
-            // amount specified to grow into.
-            MemoryStyle::Dynamic { reserve } => (minimum, usize::try_from(reserve).unwrap()),
-
-            // Static memories will never move in memory and consequently get
-            // their entire allocation up-front with no extra room to grow into.
-            // Note that the `maximum` is adjusted here to whatever the smaller
-            // of the two is, the `maximum` given or the `bound` specified for
-            // this memory.
-            MemoryStyle::Static { bound } => {
-                assert!(bound >= plan.memory.minimum);
-                let bound_bytes =
-                    usize::try_from(bound.checked_mul(WASM_PAGE_SIZE_U64).unwrap()).unwrap();
-                maximum = Some(bound_bytes.min(maximum.unwrap_or(usize::MAX)));
-                (bound_bytes, 0)
-            }
-        };
-
-        let request_bytes = pre_guard_bytes
-            .checked_add(alloc_bytes)
-            .and_then(|i| i.checked_add(extra_to_reserve_on_growth))
-            .and_then(|i| i.checked_add(offset_guard_bytes))
-            .ok_or_else(|| format_err!("cannot allocate {} with guard regions", minimum))?;
-        let mut mmap = Mmap::accessible_reserved(0, request_bytes)?;
-
-        if minimum > 0 {
-            mmap.make_accessible(pre_guard_bytes, minimum)?;
-        }
-
-        // If a memory image was specified, try to create the MemoryImageSlot on
-        // top of our mmap.
-        let memory_image = match memory_image {
-            Some(image) => {
-                let base = unsafe { mmap.as_mut_ptr().add(pre_guard_bytes) };
-                let mut slot = MemoryImageSlot::create(
-                    base.cast(),
-                    minimum,
-                    alloc_bytes + extra_to_reserve_on_growth,
-                );
-                slot.instantiate(minimum, Some(image), &plan)?;
-                // On drop, we will unmap our mmap'd range that this slot was
-                // mapped on top of, so there is no need for the slot to wipe
-                // it with an anonymous mapping first.
-                slot.no_clear_on_drop();
-                Some(slot)
-            }
-            None => None,
-        };
-
-        Ok(Self {
-            mmap,
-            accessible: minimum,
-            maximum,
-            pre_guard_size: pre_guard_bytes,
-            offset_guard_size: offset_guard_bytes,
-            extra_to_reserve_on_growth,
-            memory_image,
-        })
-    }
-}
-
-impl RuntimeLinearMemory for MmapMemory {
-    fn byte_size(&self) -> usize {
-        self.accessible
-    }
-
-    fn maximum_byte_size(&self) -> Option<usize> {
-        self.maximum
-    }
-
-    fn grow_to(&mut self, new_size: usize) -> Result<()> {
-        if new_size > self.mmap.len() - self.offset_guard_size - self.pre_guard_size {
-            // If the new size of this heap exceeds the current size of the
-            // allocation we have, then this must be a dynamic heap. Use
-            // `new_size` to calculate a new size of an allocation, allocate it,
-            // and then copy over the memory from before.
-            let request_bytes = self
-                .pre_guard_size
-                .checked_add(new_size)
-                .and_then(|s| s.checked_add(self.extra_to_reserve_on_growth))
-                .and_then(|s| s.checked_add(self.offset_guard_size))
-                .ok_or_else(|| format_err!("overflow calculating size of memory allocation"))?;
-
-            let mut new_mmap = Mmap::accessible_reserved(0, request_bytes)?;
-            new_mmap.make_accessible(self.pre_guard_size, new_size)?;
-
-            // This method has an exclusive reference to `self.mmap` and just
-            // created `new_mmap` so it should be safe to acquire references
-            // into both of them and copy between them.
-            unsafe {
-                let range = self.pre_guard_size..self.pre_guard_size + self.accessible;
-                let src = self.mmap.slice(range.clone());
-                let dst = new_mmap.slice_mut(range);
-                dst.copy_from_slice(src);
-            }
-
-            // Now drop the MemoryImageSlot, if any. We've lost the CoW
-            // advantages by explicitly copying all data, but we have
-            // preserved all of its content; so we no longer need the
-            // mapping. We need to do this before we (implicitly) drop the
-            // `mmap` field by overwriting it below.
-            drop(self.memory_image.take());
-
-            self.mmap = new_mmap;
-        } else if let Some(image) = self.memory_image.as_mut() {
-            // MemoryImageSlot has its own growth mechanisms; defer to its
-            // implementation.
-            image.set_heap_limit(new_size)?;
-        } else {
-            // If the new size of this heap fits within the existing allocation
-            // then all we need to do is to make the new pages accessible. This
-            // can happen either for "static" heaps which always hit this case,
-            // or "dynamic" heaps which have some space reserved after the
-            // initial allocation to grow into before the heap is moved in
-            // memory.
-            assert!(new_size > self.accessible);
-            self.mmap.make_accessible(
-                self.pre_guard_size + self.accessible,
-                new_size - self.accessible,
-            )?;
-        }
-
-        self.accessible = new_size;
-
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    fn vmmemory(&mut self) -> VMMemoryDefinition {
-        VMMemoryDefinition {
-            base: unsafe { self.mmap.as_mut_ptr().add(self.pre_guard_size) },
-            current_length: self.accessible.into(),
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn needs_init(&self) -> bool {
-        // If we're using a CoW mapping, then no initialization
-        // is needed.
-        self.memory_image.is_none()
-    }
-
-    fn as_any_mut(&mut self) -> &mut dyn std::any::Any {
-        self
-    }
-
-    fn wasm_accessible(&self) -> Range<usize> {
-        let base = self.mmap.as_ptr() as usize + self.pre_guard_size;
-        let end = base + (self.mmap.len() - self.pre_guard_size);
-        base..end
-    }
-}
-
-/// A "static" memory where the lifetime of the backing memory is managed
-/// elsewhere. Currently used with the pooling allocator.
-struct StaticMemory {
-    /// The base pointer of this static memory, wrapped up in a send/sync
-    /// wrapper.
-    base: SendSyncPtr<u8>,
-
-    /// The byte capacity of the `base` pointer.
-    capacity: usize,
-
-    /// The current size, in bytes, of this memory.
-    size: usize,
-
-    /// The size, in bytes, of the virtual address allocation starting at `base`
-    /// and going to the end of the guard pages at the end of the linear memory.
-    memory_and_guard_size: usize,
-
-    /// The image management, if any, for this memory. Owned here and
-    /// returned to the pooling allocator when termination occurs.
-    memory_image: MemoryImageSlot,
-}
-
-impl StaticMemory {
-    fn new(
-        base_ptr: *mut u8,
-        base_capacity: usize,
-        initial_size: usize,
-        maximum_size: Option<usize>,
-        memory_image: MemoryImageSlot,
-        memory_and_guard_size: usize,
-    ) -> Result<Self> {
-        if base_capacity < initial_size {
-            bail!(
-                "initial memory size of {} exceeds the pooling allocator's \
-                 configured maximum memory size of {} bytes",
-                initial_size,
-                base_capacity,
-            );
-        }
-
-        // Only use the part of the slice that is necessary.
-        let base_capacity = match maximum_size {
-            Some(max) if max < base_capacity => max,
-            _ => base_capacity,
-        };
-
-        Ok(Self {
-            base: SendSyncPtr::new(NonNull::new(base_ptr).unwrap()),
-            capacity: base_capacity,
-            size: initial_size,
-            memory_image,
-            memory_and_guard_size,
-        })
-    }
-}
-
-impl RuntimeLinearMemory for StaticMemory {
-    fn byte_size(&self) -> usize {
-        self.size
-    }
-
-    fn maximum_byte_size(&self) -> Option<usize> {
-        Some(self.capacity)
-    }
-
-    fn grow_to(&mut self, new_byte_size: usize) -> Result<()> {
-        // Never exceed the static memory size; this check should have been made
-        // prior to arriving here.
-        assert!(new_byte_size <= self.capacity);
-
-        self.memory_image.set_heap_limit(new_byte_size)?;
-
-        // Update our accounting of the available size.
-        self.size = new_byte_size;
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    fn vmmemory(&mut self) -> VMMemoryDefinition {
-        VMMemoryDefinition {
-            base: self.base.as_ptr(),
-            current_length: self.size.into(),
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn needs_init(&self) -> bool {
-        !self.memory_image.has_image()
-    }
-
-    fn as_any_mut(&mut self) -> &mut dyn std::any::Any {
-        self
-    }
-
-    fn wasm_accessible(&self) -> Range<usize> {
-        let base = self.base.as_ptr() as usize;
-        let end = base + self.memory_and_guard_size;
-        base..end
-    }
-}
-
-/// For shared memory (and only for shared memory), this lock-version restricts
-/// access when growing the memory or checking its size. This is to conform with
-/// the [thread proposal]: "When `IsSharedArrayBuffer(...)` is true, the return
-/// value should be the result of an atomic read-modify-write of the new size to
-/// the internal `length` slot."
-///
-/// [thread proposal]:
-///     https://github.com/WebAssembly/threads/blob/master/proposals/threads/Overview.md#webassemblymemoryprototypegrow
-#[derive(Clone)]
-pub struct SharedMemory(Arc<SharedMemoryInner>);
-
-struct SharedMemoryInner {
-    memory: RwLock<Box<dyn RuntimeLinearMemory>>,
-    spot: ParkingSpot,
-    ty: wasmtime_environ::Memory,
-    def: LongTermVMMemoryDefinition,
-}
-
-impl SharedMemory {
-    /// Construct a new [`SharedMemory`].
-    pub fn new(plan: MemoryPlan) -> Result<Self> {
-        let (minimum_bytes, maximum_bytes) = Memory::limit_new(&plan, None)?;
-        let mmap_memory = MmapMemory::new(&plan, minimum_bytes, maximum_bytes, None)?;
-        Self::wrap(&plan, Box::new(mmap_memory), plan.memory)
-    }
-
-    /// Wrap an existing [Memory] with the locking provided by a [SharedMemory].
-    pub fn wrap(
-        plan: &MemoryPlan,
-        mut memory: Box<dyn RuntimeLinearMemory>,
-        ty: wasmtime_environ::Memory,
-    ) -> Result<Self> {
-        if !ty.shared {
-            bail!("shared memory must have a `shared` memory type");
-        }
-        if !matches!(plan.style, MemoryStyle::Static { .. }) {
-            bail!("shared memory can only be built from a static memory allocation")
-        }
-        assert!(
-            memory.as_any_mut().type_id() != std::any::TypeId::of::<SharedMemory>(),
-            "cannot re-wrap a shared memory"
-        );
-        Ok(Self(Arc::new(SharedMemoryInner {
-            ty,
-            spot: ParkingSpot::default(),
-            def: LongTermVMMemoryDefinition(memory.vmmemory()),
-            memory: RwLock::new(memory),
-        })))
-    }
-
-    /// Return the memory type for this [`SharedMemory`].
-    pub fn ty(&self) -> wasmtime_environ::Memory {
-        self.0.ty
-    }
-
-    /// Convert this shared memory into a [`Memory`].
-    pub fn as_memory(self) -> Memory {
-        Memory(Box::new(self))
-    }
-
-    /// Return a pointer to the shared memory's [VMMemoryDefinition].
-    pub fn vmmemory_ptr(&self) -> *const VMMemoryDefinition {
-        &self.0.def.0
-    }
-
-    /// Same as `RuntimeLinearMemory::grow`, except with `&self`.
-    pub fn grow(
-        &self,
-        delta_pages: u64,
-        store: Option<&mut dyn Store>,
-    ) -> Result<Option<(usize, usize)>, Error> {
-        let mut memory = self.0.memory.write().unwrap();
-        let result = memory.grow(delta_pages, store)?;
-        if let Some((_old_size_in_bytes, new_size_in_bytes)) = result {
-            // Store the new size to the `VMMemoryDefinition` for JIT-generated
-            // code (and runtime functions) to access. No other code can be
-            // growing this memory due to the write lock, but code in other
-            // threads could have access to this shared memory and we want them
-            // to see the most consistent version of the `current_length`; a
-            // weaker consistency is possible if we accept them seeing an older,
-            // smaller memory size (assumption: memory only grows) but presently
-            // we are aiming for accuracy.
-            //
-            // Note that it could be possible to access a memory address that is
-            // now-valid due to changes to the page flags in `grow` above but
-            // beyond the `memory.size` that we are about to assign to. In these
-            // and similar cases, discussion in the thread proposal concluded
-            // that: "multiple accesses in one thread racing with another
-            // thread's `memory.grow` that are in-bounds only after the grow
-            // commits may independently succeed or trap" (see
-            // https://github.com/WebAssembly/threads/issues/26#issuecomment-433930711).
-            // In other words, some non-determinism is acceptable when using
-            // `memory.size` on work being done by `memory.grow`.
-            self.0
-                .def
-                .0
-                .current_length
-                .store(new_size_in_bytes, Ordering::SeqCst);
-        }
-        Ok(result)
-    }
-
-    /// Implementation of `memory.atomic.notify` for this shared memory.
-    pub fn atomic_notify(&self, addr_index: u64, count: u32) -> Result<u32, Trap> {
-        validate_atomic_addr(&self.0.def.0, addr_index, 4, 4)?;
-        Ok(self.0.spot.unpark(addr_index, count))
-    }
-
-    /// Implementation of `memory.atomic.wait32` for this shared memory.
-    pub fn atomic_wait32(
-        &self,
-        addr_index: u64,
-        expected: u32,
-        timeout: Option<Instant>,
-    ) -> Result<WaitResult, Trap> {
-        let addr = validate_atomic_addr(&self.0.def.0, addr_index, 4, 4)?;
-        // SAFETY: `addr_index` was validated by `validate_atomic_addr` above.
-        assert!(std::mem::size_of::<AtomicU32>() == 4);
-        assert!(std::mem::align_of::<AtomicU32>() <= 4);
-        let atomic = unsafe { &*(addr as *const AtomicU32) };
-
-        // We want the sequential consistency of `SeqCst` to ensure that the `load` sees the value that the `notify` will/would see.
-        // All WASM atomic operations are also `SeqCst`.
-        let validate = || atomic.load(Ordering::SeqCst) == expected;
-
-        Ok(self.0.spot.park(addr_index, validate, timeout))
-    }
-
-    /// Implementation of `memory.atomic.wait64` for this shared memory.
-    pub fn atomic_wait64(
-        &self,
-        addr_index: u64,
-        expected: u64,
-        timeout: Option<Instant>,
-    ) -> Result<WaitResult, Trap> {
-        let addr = validate_atomic_addr(&self.0.def.0, addr_index, 8, 8)?;
-        // SAFETY: `addr_index` was validated by `validate_atomic_addr` above.
-        assert!(std::mem::size_of::<AtomicU64>() == 8);
-        assert!(std::mem::align_of::<AtomicU64>() <= 8);
-        let atomic = unsafe { &*(addr as *const AtomicU64) };
-
-        // We want the sequential consistency of `SeqCst` to ensure that the `load` sees the value that the `notify` will/would see.
-        // All WASM atomic operations are also `SeqCst`.
-        let validate = || atomic.load(Ordering::SeqCst) == expected;
-
-        Ok(self.0.spot.park(addr_index, validate, timeout))
-    }
-}
-
-/// Shared memory needs some representation of a `VMMemoryDefinition` for
-/// JIT-generated code to access. This structure owns the base pointer and
-/// length to the actual memory and we share this definition across threads by:
-/// - never changing the base pointer; according to the specification, shared
-///   memory must be created with a known maximum size so it can be allocated
-///   once and never moved
-/// - carefully changing the length, using atomic accesses in both the runtime
-///   and JIT-generated code.
-struct LongTermVMMemoryDefinition(VMMemoryDefinition);
-unsafe impl Send for LongTermVMMemoryDefinition {}
-unsafe impl Sync for LongTermVMMemoryDefinition {}
-
-/// Proxy all calls through the [`RwLock`].
-impl RuntimeLinearMemory for SharedMemory {
-    fn byte_size(&self) -> usize {
-        self.0.memory.read().unwrap().byte_size()
-    }
-
-    fn maximum_byte_size(&self) -> Option<usize> {
-        self.0.memory.read().unwrap().maximum_byte_size()
-    }
-
-    fn grow(
-        &mut self,
-        delta_pages: u64,
-        store: Option<&mut dyn Store>,
-    ) -> Result<Option<(usize, usize)>, Error> {
-        SharedMemory::grow(self, delta_pages, store)
-    }
-
-    fn grow_to(&mut self, size: usize) -> Result<()> {
-        self.0.memory.write().unwrap().grow_to(size)
-    }
-
-    fn vmmemory(&mut self) -> VMMemoryDefinition {
-        // `vmmemory()` is used for writing the `VMMemoryDefinition` of a memory
-        // into its `VMContext`; this should never be possible for a shared
-        // memory because the only `VMMemoryDefinition` for it should be stored
-        // in its own `def` field.
-        unreachable!()
-    }
-
-    fn needs_init(&self) -> bool {
-        self.0.memory.read().unwrap().needs_init()
-    }
-
-    fn as_any_mut(&mut self) -> &mut dyn std::any::Any {
-        self
-    }
-
-    fn wasm_accessible(&self) -> Range<usize> {
-        self.0.memory.read().unwrap().wasm_accessible()
-    }
-}
-
-/// Representation of a runtime wasm linear memory.
-pub struct Memory(Box<dyn RuntimeLinearMemory>);
-
-impl Memory {
-    /// Create a new dynamic (movable) memory instance for the specified plan.
-    pub fn new_dynamic(
-        plan: &MemoryPlan,
-        creator: &dyn RuntimeMemoryCreator,
-        store: &mut dyn Store,
-        memory_image: Option<&Arc<MemoryImage>>,
-    ) -> Result<Self> {
-        let (minimum, maximum) = Self::limit_new(plan, Some(store))?;
-        let allocation = creator.new_memory(plan, minimum, maximum, memory_image)?;
-        let allocation = if plan.memory.shared {
-            Box::new(SharedMemory::wrap(plan, allocation, plan.memory)?)
-        } else {
-            allocation
-        };
-        Ok(Memory(allocation))
-    }
-
-    /// Create a new static (immovable) memory instance for the specified plan.
-    pub fn new_static(
-        plan: &MemoryPlan,
-        base_ptr: *mut u8,
-        base_capacity: usize,
-        memory_image: MemoryImageSlot,
-        memory_and_guard_size: usize,
-        store: &mut dyn Store,
-    ) -> Result<Self> {
-        let (minimum, maximum) = Self::limit_new(plan, Some(store))?;
-        let pooled_memory = StaticMemory::new(
-            base_ptr,
-            base_capacity,
-            minimum,
-            maximum,
-            memory_image,
-            memory_and_guard_size,
-        )?;
-        let allocation = Box::new(pooled_memory);
-        let allocation: Box<dyn RuntimeLinearMemory> = if plan.memory.shared {
-            // FIXME: since the pooling allocator owns the memory allocation
-            // (which is torn down with the instance), the current shared memory
-            // implementation will cause problems; see
-            // https://github.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/issues/4244.
-            todo!("using shared memory with the pooling allocator is a work in progress");
-        } else {
-            allocation
-        };
-        Ok(Memory(allocation))
-    }
-
-    /// Calls the `store`'s limiter to optionally prevent a memory from being allocated.
-    ///
-    /// Returns the minimum size and optional maximum size of the memory, in
-    /// bytes.
-    fn limit_new(
-        plan: &MemoryPlan,
-        store: Option<&mut dyn Store>,
-    ) -> Result<(usize, Option<usize>)> {
-        // Sanity-check what should already be true from wasm module validation.
-        let absolute_max = if plan.memory.memory64 {
-            WASM64_MAX_PAGES
-        } else {
-            WASM32_MAX_PAGES
-        };
-        assert!(plan.memory.minimum <= absolute_max);
-        assert!(plan.memory.maximum.is_none() || plan.memory.maximum.unwrap() <= absolute_max);
-
-        // This is the absolute possible maximum that the module can try to
-        // allocate, which is our entire address space minus a wasm page. That
-        // shouldn't ever actually work in terms of an allocation because
-        // presumably the kernel wants *something* for itself, but this is used
-        // to pass to the `store`'s limiter for a requested size
-        // to approximate the scale of the request that the wasm module is
-        // making. This is necessary because the limiter works on `usize` bytes
-        // whereas we're working with possibly-overflowing `u64` calculations
-        // here. To actually faithfully represent the byte requests of modules
-        // we'd have to represent things as `u128`, but that's kinda
-        // overkill for this purpose.
-        let absolute_max = 0usize.wrapping_sub(WASM_PAGE_SIZE);
-
-        // If the minimum memory size overflows the size of our own address
-        // space, then we can't satisfy this request, but defer the error to
-        // later so the `store` can be informed that an effective oom is
-        // happening.
-        let minimum = plan
-            .memory
-            .minimum
-            .checked_mul(WASM_PAGE_SIZE_U64)
-            .and_then(|m| usize::try_from(m).ok());
-
-        // The plan stores the maximum size in units of wasm pages, but we
-        // use units of bytes. Unlike for the `minimum` size we silently clamp
-        // the effective maximum size to `absolute_max` above if the maximum is
-        // too large. This should be ok since as a wasm runtime we get to
-        // arbitrarily decide the actual maximum size of memory, regardless of
-        // what's actually listed on the memory itself.
-        let mut maximum = plan.memory.maximum.map(|max| {
-            usize::try_from(max)
-                .ok()
-                .and_then(|m| m.checked_mul(WASM_PAGE_SIZE))
-                .unwrap_or(absolute_max)
-        });
-
-        // If this is a 32-bit memory and no maximum is otherwise listed then we
-        // need to still specify a maximum size of 4GB. If the host platform is
-        // 32-bit then there's no need to limit the maximum this way since no
-        // allocation of 4GB can succeed, but for 64-bit platforms this is
-        // required to limit memories to 4GB.
-        if !plan.memory.memory64 && maximum.is_none() {
-            maximum = usize::try_from(1u64 << 32).ok();
-        }
-
-        // Inform the store's limiter what's about to happen. This will let the
-        // limiter reject anything if necessary, and this also guarantees that
-        // we should call the limiter for all requested memories, even if our
-        // `minimum` calculation overflowed. This means that the `minimum` we're
-        // informing the limiter is lossy and may not be 100% accurate, but for
-        // now the expected uses of limiter means that's ok.
-        if let Some(store) = store {
-            // We ignore the store limits for shared memories since they are
-            // technically not created within a store (though, trickily, they
-            // may be associated with one in order to get a `vmctx`).
-            if !plan.memory.shared {
-                if !store.memory_growing(0, minimum.unwrap_or(absolute_max), maximum)? {
-                    bail!(
-                        "memory minimum size of {} pages exceeds memory limits",
-                        plan.memory.minimum
-                    );
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        // At this point we need to actually handle overflows, so bail out with
-        // an error if we made it this far.
-        let minimum = minimum.ok_or_else(|| {
-            format_err!(
-                "memory minimum size of {} pages exceeds memory limits",
-                plan.memory.minimum
-            )
-        })?;
-        Ok((minimum, maximum))
-    }
-
-    /// Returns the number of allocated wasm pages.
-    pub fn byte_size(&self) -> usize {
-        self.0.byte_size()
-    }
-
-    /// Returns the maximum number of pages the memory can grow to at runtime.
-    ///
-    /// Returns `None` if the memory is unbounded.
-    ///
-    /// The runtime maximum may not be equal to the maximum from the linear memory's
-    /// Wasm type when it is being constrained by an instance allocator.
-    pub fn maximum_byte_size(&self) -> Option<usize> {
-        self.0.maximum_byte_size()
-    }
-
-    /// Returns whether or not this memory needs initialization. It
-    /// may not if it already has initial content thanks to a CoW
-    /// mechanism.
-    pub(crate) fn needs_init(&self) -> bool {
-        self.0.needs_init()
-    }
-
-    /// Grow memory by the specified amount of wasm pages.
-    ///
-    /// Returns `None` if memory can't be grown by the specified amount
-    /// of wasm pages. Returns `Some` with the old size of memory, in bytes, on
-    /// successful growth.
-    ///
-    /// # Safety
-    ///
-    /// Resizing the memory can reallocate the memory buffer for dynamic memories.
-    /// An instance's `VMContext` may have pointers to the memory's base and will
-    /// need to be fixed up after growing the memory.
-    ///
-    /// Generally, prefer using `InstanceHandle::memory_grow`, which encapsulates
-    /// this unsafety.
-    ///
-    /// Ensure that the provided Store is not used to get access any Memory
-    /// which lives inside it.
-    pub unsafe fn grow(
-        &mut self,
-        delta_pages: u64,
-        store: Option<&mut dyn Store>,
-    ) -> Result<Option<usize>, Error> {
-        self.0
-            .grow(delta_pages, store)
-            .map(|opt| opt.map(|(old, _new)| old))
-    }
-
-    /// Return a `VMMemoryDefinition` for exposing the memory to compiled wasm code.
-    pub fn vmmemory(&mut self) -> VMMemoryDefinition {
-        self.0.vmmemory()
-    }
-
-    /// Consume the memory, returning its [`MemoryImageSlot`] if any is present.
-    /// The image should only be present for a subset of memories created with
-    /// [`Memory::new_static()`].
-    #[cfg(feature = "pooling-allocator")]
-    pub fn unwrap_static_image(mut self) -> MemoryImageSlot {
-        let mem = self.0.as_any_mut().downcast_mut::<StaticMemory>().unwrap();
-        std::mem::replace(&mut mem.memory_image, MemoryImageSlot::dummy())
-    }
-
-    /// If the [Memory] is a [SharedMemory], unwrap it and return a clone to
-    /// that shared memory.
-    pub fn as_shared_memory(&mut self) -> Option<&mut SharedMemory> {
-        let as_any = self.0.as_any_mut();
-        if let Some(m) = as_any.downcast_mut::<SharedMemory>() {
-            Some(m)
-        } else {
-            None
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// Implementation of `memory.atomic.notify` for all memories.
-    pub fn atomic_notify(&mut self, addr: u64, count: u32) -> Result<u32, Trap> {
-        match self.0.as_any_mut().downcast_mut::<SharedMemory>() {
-            Some(m) => m.atomic_notify(addr, count),
-            None => {
-                validate_atomic_addr(&self.vmmemory(), addr, 4, 4)?;
-                Ok(0)
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// Implementation of `memory.atomic.wait32` for all memories.
-    pub fn atomic_wait32(
-        &mut self,
-        addr: u64,
-        expected: u32,
-        deadline: Option<Instant>,
-    ) -> Result<WaitResult, Trap> {
-        match self.0.as_any_mut().downcast_mut::<SharedMemory>() {
-            Some(m) => m.atomic_wait32(addr, expected, deadline),
-            None => {
-                validate_atomic_addr(&self.vmmemory(), addr, 4, 4)?;
-                Err(Trap::AtomicWaitNonSharedMemory)
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// Implementation of `memory.atomic.wait64` for all memories.
-    pub fn atomic_wait64(
-        &mut self,
-        addr: u64,
-        expected: u64,
-        deadline: Option<Instant>,
-    ) -> Result<WaitResult, Trap> {
-        match self.0.as_any_mut().downcast_mut::<SharedMemory>() {
-            Some(m) => m.atomic_wait64(addr, expected, deadline),
-            None => {
-                validate_atomic_addr(&self.vmmemory(), addr, 8, 8)?;
-                Err(Trap::AtomicWaitNonSharedMemory)
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// Returns the range of bytes that WebAssembly should be able to address in
-    /// this linear memory. Note that this includes guard pages which wasm can
-    /// hit.
-    pub fn wasm_accessible(&self) -> Range<usize> {
-        self.0.wasm_accessible()
-    }
-}
-
-/// In the configurations where bounds checks were elided in JIT code (because
-/// we are using static memories with virtual memory guard pages) this manual
-/// check is here so we don't segfault from Rust. For other configurations,
-/// these checks are required anyways.
-fn validate_atomic_addr(
-    def: &VMMemoryDefinition,
-    addr: u64,
-    access_size: u64,
-    access_alignment: u64,
-) -> Result<*mut u8, Trap> {
-    debug_assert!(access_alignment.is_power_of_two());
-    if !(addr % access_alignment == 0) {
-        return Err(Trap::HeapMisaligned);
-    }
-
-    let length = u64::try_from(def.current_length()).unwrap();
-    if !(addr.saturating_add(access_size) < length) {
-        return Err(Trap::MemoryOutOfBounds);
-    }
-
-    Ok(def.base.wrapping_add(addr as usize))
-}